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Advances have been made in water resource investigation due to the implementation of mathematical models, the development of theoretical frameworks, and the evaluation of sustainability indices. Together, they improve and make integrated water resource management more efficient. In this paper, in the study area of the Duero River Basin, located in Michoacan, Mexico, we schematize a series of numerical indices of the Watershed Governance Prism to determine the quantitative status of water governance in a watershed. The results, presented as axes, perspectives, and prisms in the Axis Index, Water Governance Index, and Watershed Governance Prism Index, provide the conclusion that it is possible to establish and evaluate the Watershed Governance Prism Index using our numerical implementation of the Watershed Governance Prism theoretical framework. Thus, it is possible to define a quantitative status and evoke how water governance is being designed and implemented in a watershed.

The Duero River borderland region between Portugal and Spain is a landscape abundant in cultural and natural heritage. Although internationally recognized for its biodiversity and natural distinctiveness, both historic isolation and socioeconomic marginalization have had a negative impact on the sustainable development and economic stimulation of the region for the local inhabitants. Compounding the problem is a growing disconnection of the collective memory with many of the cultural resources that form the landscape. This has resulted in a lack of awareness of value for the archaeological and historic singularity of the region. More efforts are required to recompose an interpretation that incorporates the natural and the tangible and intangible cultural heritage aspects of this rural landscape. This recomposition can only be completed through the aid of the people of the region. This thesis addresses the need of valorization through the development of a multi-perspective approach to diachronically analyze the evolution of this cultural landscape. With this integrated approach, this research incorporates both bottom up and top down methodologies of Participatory Mapping of local spatial knowledge, Historic Landscape Characterization (HLC), and the use of remote sensing with spectral analysis to temporally characterize the Zamora, Spain and Miranda do Douro, Portugal portion of this borderland landscape from the Protohistoric period to the present. The attributes of the landscape characterized were both tangible and intangible. Collectively the three approaches characterized the temporal anthropic effects on the agrosilvopastoral landscape through the attributes of: settlements, enclosure types, shrublands, pasturelands, croplands, woodlands, terrace construction, grain milling zones, significant communication and power infrastructure and the toponomy used locally to describe these human influenced areas. For these three approaches Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and an accompanying database were used as a tool for knowledge creation and transfer. This diachronic landscape characterization has demonstrated the evolution of the aforementioned attributes of this agrosilvopastoral landscape and its organization and management from a regional to a local scale as a result of historic processes through the centuries. The combined approaches of this study have created new cartography of nearly forgotten never before mapped settlements originating in the Medieval or Modern periods that were known only in archival records and a fading collective memory. It has temporally mapped for the first time the tangible and intangible historic landscape attributes related to village organization and the management of agrosilvopastoralism. Moreover, it has shown not only their formation in time but with the regional population decline and field abandonment, this study has shown, at both a regional and local scale, the decline or disappearance of these attributes over time as well. Finally, it has qualitatively and quantitatively determined the land cover change at both regional and local scales as a result of historic socioeconomic and political drivers of population decline, abandonment, agrarian reform, and park creation with a detected increase of vegetation measured in hectares. With the increase in vegetation, wildfires have become more frequent in the since the beginning of this century. This research has shown that despite the loss of vegetation from wildfires, there has been a significant continued increase in shrubland and woodland vegetative growth in the greater region in the present day. This study adds to temporal landscape knowledge with its diachronic analysis of this region that began with earlier landscape research of the Iron Age to the early Medieval period. Thus, it helps to construct the needed landscape historical analysis by placing previous research with this study into one unified spatial dataset. With GIS and an accompanying database, this information is in a format which is flexible and adaptable for other researchers today. The data and findings can be displayed for stakeholders and they can be added to in the future for an improved understanding of the temporal and ongoing evolution of the Duero River borderland landscape. Additionally important, this new spatial dataset is not country specific, it incorporates both nations that compose the borderland region. This thesis also poses new questions for future research using archaeology to establish more accurate dates from the High Medieval period regarding settlement continuity and abandonment as well as landscape use. In conducting this integrated diachronic landscape analysis, the final outcome of this research is the transference of the knowledge attained to contribute to the revalorization efforts and ultimately an improved management and sustainability of the region's cultural and natural resources.

10 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables., [EN] A new freshwater fish species, Achondrostoma salmantinum, formerly considered as one population of Iberochondrostoma lemmingii, is described on the basis of genetic and morphological characters. The new species inhabits the rivers Huebra, Águeda and Uces and tributaries in the Duero River basin in Salamanca province, western Spain. The species is distinguished from Iberochondrostoma lemmingii and from other species of the genus Achondrostoma according to morphometric, meristic and genetic characters such as a narrow caudal peduncle, long postorbital and head lengths, small number of scales (9-10/44-53/4-6), small number of gill rakers (15-22), usually 5-5 pharyngeal teeth, four diagnostic isozyme loci (IDHP-2*, IDHP-3*, MDH-B* and PEP*) and one unique allele (MDH-A*95). The distribution of I. lemmingii is currently known to be restricted to the Tajo, Guadiana, Odiel and Guadalquivir basins. This new cyprinid is considered Endangered (EN) according to IUCN Red List Categories., [ES] Se describe una nueva especie de pez de agua dulce, Achondrostoma salmantinum, anteriormente considerada como una población de Iberochondrostoma lemmingii, a partir de caracteres genéticos y morfológicos. La nueva especie vive en la cuenca del río Duero en los ríos Uces, Huebra y Águeda y sus afluentes en la provincia de Salamanca en el oeste de España. De acuerdo con los caracteres morfométricos y genéticos la especie se distingue de Iberochondrostoma lemmingii y de otras especies del género Achondrostoma por un pedúnculo caudal estrecho, larga longitud de la cabeza y de la distancia postorbital, pequeño número de escamas (9/10/44-53/4-6), pequeño número de branquispinas (15-22), frecuentemente 5-5 dientes faríngeos, cuatro loci isozimáticos diagnósticos (IDHP-2*, IDHP-3*, MDH-B* and PEP*) y un único alelo (MDH-A*95). La distribución de I. lemmingii se restringe ahora a las cuencas de los ríos Tajo, Guadiana, Odiel y Guadalquivir. Este nuevo ciprínido es considerado En Peligro (EN) de acuerdo a las categorías de la Lista Roja de la UICN., This study was financially sponsored by a DGES project REM2001-0662/G10.

Estudiamos en el presente trabajo el comportamiento fitosociológico de las comunidades vegetales caracterizadas por la presencia de Cosentinia vellea en el sector biogeográfico Lusitano Duriense. Tras un análisis detallado de las mismas, y su comparación con fitocenosis afines, consideramos que deben ser incluidas en la asociación Cheilantho maderensis-Cosentinietum velleae. Asimismo, analizamos y discutimos su encuadre en unidades superiores. We study in this paper the phytosociological behavior of plant communities characterized by the presence of Cosentinia vellea in the Lusitan-Duriensean biogeographical sector. After a detailed analysis of the same, and its comparison with related phytocoenoses, we believe should be included in the association Cheilantho maderensis-Cosentinietum velleae. Finally we analyze and discuss the framework in higher units.

We study in this paper the phytosociological behavior of plant communities characterized by the presence of Cosentinia vellea in the Lusitan-Duriensean biogeographical sector. After a detailed analysis of the same, and its comparison with related phytocoenoses, we believe should be included in the association Cheilantho maderensis-Cosentinietum velleae. Finally we analyze and discuss the framework in higher units. Estudiamos en el presente trabajo el comportamiento fitosociológico de las comunidades vegetales caracterizadas por la presencia de Cosentinia vellea en el sector biogeográfico Lusitano Duriense. Tras un análisis detallado de las mismas, y su comparación con fitocenosis afines, consideramos que deben ser incluidas en la asociación Cheilantho maderensis-Cosentinietum velleae. Asimismo, analizamos y discutimos su encuadre en unidades superiores.

The present work approaches incision rates quantification of Duero River in the central- west part of Iberia and implications of tectonics in the evolution and change of drainage patterns. For this aim we calculate incision rates from the two main geomorphological surfaces defined in the area. Comparing fluvial incision rates and fracture pattern a strong structural control is shown; either in the orientation of drainage network, either in the incision rates distribution. Drainage pattern shows two main orientations, NW-SE following the hercinian structure of the area and NE-SW to N-S matching with the main fracture sets (Duero, Almendra, Almeida-Valderaduey faults, as example). Fluvial incision is mostly controlled by the great faults and faults systems NE-SW to N-S oriented

43ª Sesión Científica. Móstoles, Noviembre de 2007, The present work approaches incision rates quantification of Duero River in the central- west part of Iberia and implications of tectonics in the evolution and change of drainage patterns. For this aim we calculate incision rates from the two main geomorphological surfaces defined in the area. Comparing fluvial incision rates and fracture pattern a strong structural control is shown; either in the orientation of drainage network, either in the incision rates distribution. Drainage pattern shows two main orientations, NW-SE following the hercinian structure of the area and NE-SW to N-S matching with the main fracture sets (Duero, Almendra, Almeida-Valderaduey faults, as example). Fluvial incision is mostly controlled by the great faults and faults systems NE-SW to N-S oriented.

En el presente proyecto, se realiza el diseño preliminar de una embarcación de navegación interior cuyo propósito es el de dar servicio de restaurante a bordo a 100 pasajeros. Mediante este diseño, se pretende profundizar en un campo poco común y proporcionar un ejemplo de diseño de una embarcación de pasaje que podrá servir como guía y ejemplo en futuros estudios sobre el tema. Para llevar a cabo el diseño del buque, se ha propuesto que esté destinado a navegar en el río Duero portugués. Se ha aplicado esta información al diseño, para mejorar la precisión y dotar de realismo al proyecto. La metodología utilizada en el presente estudio se basa en la llamada espiral de diseño. En el caso del presente proyecto, se realiza la primera vuelta o ciclo a la espiral, el llamado diseño conceptual o preliminar. En él se establece una base con las principales características del diseño. En este proyecto se realizará el estudio de los capítulos de dimensionamiento, diseño de la carena, dimensionamiento de la planta propulsora, disposición general del buque y cálculo de pesos y análisis de la estabilidad. Al finalizar el proyecto se valorarán los resultados obtenidos. Además, se expondrán posibles vías para la continuación del diseño en un futuro y una valoración personal sobre la realización del proyecto.

"Background. The concept of “environmental flow” is defined as hydrologic regimes that are required to sustain ecosystem health and functions in rivers. In Mexico, it has become an important topic, not least because a 2012 legal standard (NMX-AA-159-SCFI-2012), establishes procedures for determining instream flow requirements. Goals. The aim of this paper is to propose an acceptable environmental flow requirement for a regulated river segment in the Duero River Basin in, Michoacan, Mexico. Methods. Of the many methods of establishing environmental flows in rivers, this article is concerned with the habitat simulation method. This is based on the IFIM theoretical framework and the PHABSIM mathematical model, by which the WUA-Q curves were obtained for five species of fish. Results. From these curves, we determined that the Goodea atripinnis species has the greater habitat area and reached a maximum of 4338 m2 /km for a flow of 5 m3 /s; Alloophorus robustus maintained a constant habitat of 2000 m2 /km between flow rates of 5 to 15 m3 /s. With smaller area, Menidia jordani had a maximum habitat of 1323 m2 /km for 4.5 m3 /s; and with WUA less than 500 m2 /km the curves of the species Algansea tincella and Aztecula sallaei were obtained. Conclusions. The average regulation in March and April was 3.61 and 3.44 m3 /s and with the EFR proposal it was 5.11 and 5.00 m3 /s for March and April, respectively. In general, the monthly environmental regime is to maintain 80% of the natural flow regime, generating an increase in habitat during the dry season of 24% for A. robustus and 23% for A. sallaei."