118 results on '"E, Peheim"'
Search Results
2. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxin, Pyridoxal, Pyridoxamin)
- Author
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J.B. Colombo, R.D. Eastham, and E. Peheim
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,Vitamin b6 ,Pyridoxal - Published
- 2015
3. Cholezystokinin-Pankreozymin (CZK-PZ)
- Author
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R.D. Eastham, E. Peheim, and J.B. Colombo
- Published
- 2015
4. Plazentares Laktogen (HPL)
- Author
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J.B. Colombo, R.D. Eastham, and E. Peheim
- Published
- 2015
5. Dexamethason-Test (ACTH-Hemmtest)
- Author
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R.D. Eastham, E. Peheim, and J.B. Colombo
- Subjects
business.industry ,Anesthesia ,Medicine ,business ,Test (assessment) - Published
- 2015
6. Antik�rper im Serum
- Author
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R.D. Eastham, E. Peheim, and J.B. Colombo
- Published
- 2015
7. Okkultes Blut im Stuhl
- Author
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R.D. Eastham, E. Peheim, and J.B. Colombo
- Published
- 2015
8. 17-ketogene Steroide
- Author
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J.B. Colombo, R.D. Eastham, and E. Peheim
- Published
- 2015
9. 2-Hydroxybutyrat-Dehydrogenase
- Author
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J.B. Colombo, R.D. Eastham, and E. Peheim
- Subjects
Biochemistry ,Chemistry ,Dehydrogenase - Published
- 2015
10. Antidiuretisches Hormon (ADH)
- Author
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R.D. Eastham, J.B. Colombo, and E. Peheim
- Published
- 2015
11. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
- Author
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R.D. Eastham, E. Peheim, and J.B. Colombo
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Riboflavin ,Food science ,Vitamin b2 - Published
- 2015
12. Adenosin, zyklisches Monophosphat (AMP)
- Author
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E. Peheim, R.D. Eastham, and J.B. Colombo
- Published
- 2015
13. Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)
- Author
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R.D. Eastham, J.B. Colombo, and E. Peheim
- Subjects
Vitamin ,medicine.medical_specialty ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,business - Published
- 2015
14. TSH-Bestimmung nach TRH-Stimulationstest
- Author
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R.D. Eastham, J.B. Colombo, and E. Peheim
- Published
- 2015
15. Pufferbase und Basenexzess im Blut
- Author
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R.D. Eastham, J.B. Colombo, and E. Peheim
- Published
- 2015
16. Assessment of troponin-T for detection of clinical cardiac rejection
- Author
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B. Celik, Bruce A. Reitz, Ulrich Althaus, Thomas Schaffner, G. Printzen, Thierry Carrel, Beat H. Walpoth, H. Reichenspurner, E. Peheim, and J. P. Colombo
- Subjects
Graft Rejection ,Nephrology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Troponin T ,Internal medicine ,Preoperative Care ,medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,Creatine Kinase ,Retrospective Studies ,Postoperative Care ,Heart transplantation ,Transplantation ,Intraoperative Care ,biology ,business.industry ,Troponin ,Cardiac surgery ,Cardiology ,biology.protein ,Heart Transplantation ,Creatine kinase ,business ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Non-invasive detection of cardiac rejection still remains a challenge after heart transplantation. We assessed troponin-T as a new serum marker to diagnose cardiac rejection. Twenty-five heart transplant patients (Berne) were monitored prospectively for up to 2 years, and compared to 89 retrospectively assessed patients (Stanford). Blood samples (392 Berne and 320 Stanford) were analyzed (creatine kinase, isoenzymes MB activity and MB mass, troponin-T and troponin-I). Regression analysis between the results of these blood samples and cardiac rejection grading from simultaneously performed endomyocardial biopsies was carried out. Troponin-T tests done in two different laboratories showed a good correlation (r = 0.91; P < 0.0001), whereas troponin-T versus troponin-I showed a lower correlation (r = 0.53; P < 0.0001). Troponin-T and -I in contrast to other enzymes were elevated for a longer period (up to 4 weeks before returning to baseline) after transplantation than during conventional cardiac surgery. Beyond 3 months the following correlations were found between troponin-T (new or old test) and the other enzymes (creatine kinase: r = 0.26, MB activity: r = 0.4, and MB mass: r = 0.68). The correlation between the degree of rejection and the enzyme release is poor, however, the best results were obtained for troponin-T (r = 0.22; P < 0.001). We found a low correlation between troponin-T and the degree of rejection beyond 3 months after heart transplantation. Despite a troponin-T elevation in some patients with rejection, the new test is not sensitive enough to be used alone for the non-invasive diagnosis of cardiac rejection.
- Published
- 1998
17. Vereinfachte Bestimmung der Proteinurie bei Kindern mittels einer einzigen Urinprobe
- Author
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E. Peheim, Mario G. Bianchetti, J.P. Colombo, Oetliker Oh, Bisaz E, and R. Donati
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Creatinine ,Proteinuria ,business.industry ,Urology ,Healthy subjects ,Urine ,Urine collection device ,Protein excretion ,Excretion ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Internal medicine ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Timed urine collection - Abstract
In children and adolescents the evaluation of proteinuria is cumbersome because of the need to obtain timed urine collections. The protein/creatinine ratio (using a Coomassie blue binding technique and a kinetic Jaffe reaction, respectively) measured in 134 pediatric patients with renal disease aged 2 months to 16 years correlated closely with the overnight urine protein excretion rates using the statistical approach suggested by Bland and Altman to compare methods of measuring some quantity. The upper limit of urinary protein/creatinine ratio measured in 252 healthy children and adolescents aged 4 to 19 years was shown to be 19 mg/mmol. No age-related differences in urinary protein excretion were noted in healthy subjects. The random urine protein/creatinine ratio provides an accurate assessment of quantitative protein excretion and avoids errors and difficulties associated with timed urine collection.
- Published
- 1994
18. Altered body composition and fuel metabolism in stable kidney transplant patients on immuno-suppressive monotherapy with cyclosporine A
- Author
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A. Montandon, F. F. Horber, P Jaeger, E. Peheim, J.-P. Casez, and R. L. Mathieu
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cyclosporin a ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Insulin ,Resting energy expenditure ,Wasting ,Kidney ,Triglyceride ,Blood Proteins ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Kidney Transplantation ,Transplantation ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Body Composition ,Cyclosporine ,Lean body mass ,Prednisone ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Energy Metabolism ,Body mass index - Abstract
Glucocorticoid associated altered body fat distribution and muscle wasting are well known following kidney grafting. Whether an immunosuppressive regimen after glucocorticoid withdrawal (i.e. monotherapy with cyclosporine A (CsA)) is associated with normalization of altered body fat distribution and muscle mass remains to be determined. Therefore 18 renal transplant patients (nine males and nine females, 64 +/- 5 (mean +/- SEM) months since transplantation; CsA-monotherapy: 38 +/- 7 months) and 18 age, sex and body mass index matched healthy volunteers were investigated using indirect calorimetry and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Lean body mass (LBM) was decreased in patients mostly due to loss of striated muscle in the legs (P < 0.01). Compared to healthy controls, fat mass was increased in head and trunk (P < 0.01) and similar in extremities. Resting energy expenditure expressed per kg LBM was increased by more than 10% (P < 0.05) in patients vs. controls. Plasma insulin and glucose concentrations, total serum cholesterol (C), triglyceride levels and the ratio of LDL-C to HDL-C were all elevated (P < 0.01) in patients as compared with controls. In summary, renal transplant patients on immunosuppressive monotherapy with CsA demonstrate decreased muscle mass despite discontinuation of prednisone therapy. The increased upper body fat might account, at least in part, for peripheral hyperinsulinaemia and dyslipidaemia observed in kidney transplant patients even years after successful transplantation.
- Published
- 1994
19. Zyklischer Gestagen-Zusatz (MPA) zur kontinuierlichen transdermalen oder peroralen Östrogen-Substitution in der Postmenopause: Beeinflussung der Serum-Lipide
- Author
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M H Birkhäuser, A. Malek, W Hänggi, J. U. von Hospenthal, and E Peheim
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Triglyceride ,medicine.drug_class ,Cholesterol ,Medroxyprogesterone ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Blood lipids ,Biology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Estrogen ,Internal medicine ,Maternity and Midwifery ,medicine ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Progestin ,Hormone ,Transdermal ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Since postmenopause unopposed oestrogen replacement therapy (ERT) increases the incidence of endometrial carcinoma, the addition of a progestin in non-hysterectomised women is mandatory for hormonal substitution. On the other hand, progestins have a negative influence on serum lipids and may thus put in question the benefits of the ERT with regard to the cardiovascular risk. Progestins lower HDL and increase LDL in a dose-dependent way according to their chemical structure. In the present non-randomised study, the influence of a cyclic combined oestrogen progestin substitution on the serum lipids has been measured. From a total of 90 apparently healthy postmenopausal patients, 59 received a transdermal ERT with 17 beta-Estradiol (Estraderm TTS 50), whereas 31 women obtained a daily dose of 0.625 mg conjugated equine oestrogens (CE) perorally. Additionally all patients were given 10 mg medroxyprogesterone-acetate (MPA) daily during the first 10 days of each month. After 6 months of therapy, the following changes of serum lipids, expressed as percentage of initial values, were measured: total cholesterol in the transdermal group -2.3% (n.s.), in the peroral group -11.8% (p < 0.00001); triglycerides -3.7% (n.s.) resp. +8.6% (n.s.); HDL cholesterol + 0.2% (n.s.) resp. -1.8% (n.s.); LDL cholesterol +1.3% (n.s.) resp. -14.8% (p < 0.00001). The calculated atherogenic indices showed a decrease in the peroral substituted group of -6.5% (n.s.) for the HDL/total cholesterol ratio and -14.8% (p < 0.002) for the LDL/HDL ratio.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
- Published
- 1993
20. High Proximal Excretion of Sodium during Activation of β2-Adrenoreceptors in Humans
- Author
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G. Duss, Oskar H. Oetliker, Mario G. Bianchetti, E. Peheim, Primus E. Mullis, R. Kramer, and F.A. Cattaneo
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Kidney ,Lithium (medication) ,Magnesium ,business.industry ,Sodium ,Potassium ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Calcium ,respiratory tract diseases ,Excretion ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,immune system diseases ,Internal medicine ,Renal physiology ,medicine ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The effects of acute β2-type adrenoreceptor activation with intravenous albuterol on plasma and urinary sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphate and lithium were investigated in 9 v
- Published
- 1993
21. Contents, Vol. 64,1993
- Author
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Bruno Baggio, Yasushi Sato, C.A. Lawton, Kiyoshi Hirano, L. Raffaele, F. Scaccia, Ermanno Bonucci, P.-E. Mullis, N Di Paolo, P.K. Srivastava, Giuliano Barsotti, Hikaru Koide, G. Calconi, O.H. Oetliker, Heiko Mühl, Ralph J. Butkowski, Naoto Shikura, P. Calzavara, Adeera Levin, Suguru Tomooka, Daniel Séréni, C. Arici, G. Sacchi, F. Loi, Uri Shaked, Miroslaw Smogorzewski, E. Vilella, George Z. Fadda, P. Viale, S. Amato, Pedro Esbrit, G. Rossi, David V. Milford, M.P. Beraldi, C. Mirabella, V. Scafidi, Minoru Kubota, Michael Field, Kamel S. Kamel, J.E. Moulder, Hana Manor, Toshitaka Fujishiro, Perez Perez, Jean-François Morin, Antonio Piccoli, Bernard Bourbigot, Yvon L. Pennec, Shim Kamakura, P.G. Simeoni, Jeannette M. Goguen, G. Pedroni, Lopez Guerre, M. Desperati, Kazuo Haze, Kazuhiro Saito, Shaul G. Massry, Gabriele Bertolone, S. Kiyama, V. Sparacino, C. Villabona, F. Locatelli, Takashi Miyazaki, F.A. Cattaneo, F. Pietrobon, Nicoletta Galardi, M.R. Averna, M. Migliori, E. Tanzariello, Hirofumi Makino, Deoraj Appaiha, Gilles Sarfati, M. Daglio, R. Giordano, F. Fabrizi, A. Notarbartolo, Toshimitsu Niwa, Daniela Gabizon, E. Francavilla, Kanji Uema, G. Bacchini, Hidetoshi Kanai, M. C. Maresca, E.P. Cohen, Yasushi Yamasaki, Adrian Fine, José Ortega, Katsuro Shimomura, Mono Kuramochi, M.G. Bianchetti, Mitchell L. Halperin, A. Guarnieri, Joseph Maor, Adamasco Cupisti, Dieter Kunz, Robert M. Richardson, Alfred J. Fish, G. Erba, Marc E. De Broe, A. Galione, G. Zullo, Ross R. Bailey, Ben-Ami Sela, D. Tacconi, M. De Gennaro, Martin Tieder, Vincenzo Puro, Olivier Tauléra, A.M. Mangiarotti, Maurizio Nordio, Simon Strauss, C. Campieri, Yoshihiro Tominaga, Seiya Okuda, Sergio Costantini, J. Joven, César García-Cantón, K. Tripathi, Tetsuya Tsuzuki, Judith Blonder, I. Guarnori, D. Marchesi, Helmut Schiffl, M. Di Paolo, Paola Ballanti, J.R. Larrañaga, Giuseppe Ippolito, Olivera Stojceva-Taneva, G. Duss, Claude Bachmeyer, Masatoshi Fujishima, Monique Elseviers, Yutaka Emoto, R. Izquierdo, Hiro Matsukura, D. Orazi, Jean-Pierre Codet, Giovanni Gambaro, Adolfo García-Ocaña, R.C. Ash, Michel Garre, Della Volpe, C.M. Barbagallo, G.F. Romagnoli, Thomas Sitter, P. Maggi, Dalla Rosa, C.G. Becker, R. Di Legge, Hideki Hirakata, Kazue Hironaka, Georges Cremer, S. Petricca, Osamu Kinoshita, Jai Prakash, Mario Andriani, C. Mancino, Michael H. Winterborn, E. Caputo, Genjiro Kimura, R. Kramer, Carol A. Pollock, Giorgio Mattiello, Sergio Giovannetti, Zensuke Ota, Josef Pfeilschifter, S. Cesare, F. Martinelli, P.G. Poisetti, Teruo Omae, Keiichi Takada, Gabriel Le Menn, Isao Ishikawa, E. Peheim, Nicola Petrosillo, Kenji Maeda, V. Portelli, Gilles Grateau, Yolanda González-García, Ronan S. Tanneau, S. Soffritti, A.B. Cefalù, Yasuhiko Tomino, D. Vlacos, and F. Manescalchi
- Subjects
Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,Medicine ,business - Published
- 1993
22. S-troponin T in suspected ischemic myocardial injury compared with mass and catalytic concentrations of S-creatine kinase isoenzyme MB
- Author
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Poul J. Jørgensen, Jan Ravkilde, P Löfdahl, Christian W. Hamm, Willie Gerhardt, Hugo A. Katus, E. Peheim, and L Ljungdahl
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,medicine.medical_specialty ,biology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Troponin T ,Unstable angina ,Kinase ,business.industry ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Skeletal muscle ,musculoskeletal system ,medicine.disease ,Gastroenterology ,Troponin ,Surgery ,Enzyme ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Immunoassay ,Internal medicine ,biology.protein ,medicine ,Creatine kinase ,business - Abstract
In a multicenter study we compared three tests for ischemic myocardial injury (IMI): a new, automated enzyme immunoassay for S-troponin T (S-TNT; Boehringer Mannheim) and two S-creatine kinase (CK) isoenzyme MB assays (mass and catalytic concentrations). For critical evaluation of clinical sensitivity, we studied 243 cases with an IMI prevalence of 43% and an 18% prevalence of cases with unstable angina. Relative peak values of S-TNT and S-CK-MB (mass) after onset of pain were four- to fivefold higher than S-CK-MB (catalytic) results. Increases of S-TNT and S-CK-MB (mass), even though still within their reference ranges, indicated minor myocardial damage in about one-third of the cases primarily classified as unstable angina. The diagnostic window for S-TNT ranged from hours to weeks after the acute episode. The time courses were frequently biphasic, with the initial S-TNT peak closely paralleling that of the mass concentrations of S-CK-MB. With a biological half-life for S-TNT of 2 h, the prolonged increases in S-TNT indicate a continuous release of S-TNT from necrotizing cells. Clinical specificities of S-TNT and S-CK-MB (mass) were greater than that of S-CK-MB (catalytic), even in the presence of 30% to 40% severe skeletal muscle injuries. The combination of S-TNT and S-CK-MB (mass) is excellent for detection of acute IMI, including minor myocardial damage.
- Published
- 1991
23. Multicenter evaluation of the Micral-Test II test strip, an immunologic rapid test for the detection of microalbuminuria
- Author
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R Renner, G Scott, J Steinbiss, P Mueller, J Kuefer, M Bojestig, K D Willamowski, C Hasslacher, B Nilsson, Carl Erik Mogensen, P L Poulsen, J Thoma, D Kutter, W Hofmann, Giancarlo Viberti, B Gambke, and E Peheim
- Subjects
Low albumin ,Male ,Quality Control ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Urology ,Urine ,Urinalysis ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Sample temperature ,Diabetes Complications ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Cutoff ,Albuminuria ,Humans ,Diabetic Nephropathies ,Advanced and Specialized Nursing ,Immunoassay ,Observer Variation ,Laboratory methods ,Proteinuria ,business.industry ,Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring ,medicine.disease ,Predictive value ,Surgery ,Evaluation Studies as Topic ,Microalbuminuria ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the performance of the Micral-Test II immunologic test strip for the detection of microalbuminuria, a multicenter evaluation in eight European study sites was performed. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using both the Micral-Test II test strip and the routine method for the determination of albumin concentration, we investigated 2,228 urine samples from diabetic patients. Additionally, interperson variability, color stability, and possible interfering factors (temperature, pH, leucocyturia, erythrocyturia, and drugs) were tested. RESULTS For a cutoff concentration of 20 mg/l with respect to the routine methods, a sensitivity of 96.7% and a specificity of 71% were calculated for the Micral-Test II test strip. The negative predictive value was 0.95, and the positive predictive value was 0.78, with a prevalence of positive samples (laboratory method) of 52%. The interperson variability of color interpretation showed 93% concordant readings. The interference study showed an influence of oxytetracycline, leading to higher readings. There was no interference from pH. A sample temperature of CONCLUSIONS The results of the multicenter evaluation show that the Micral-Test II test strip permits an immediate and reliable semiquantitative determination of low albumin concentrations in urine samples with an almost user-independent color interpretation.
- Published
- 1997
24. Extracellular magnesium depletion in pediatric patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- Author
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M J, Husmann, P, Fuchs, A C, Truttmann, R, Laux-End, P E, Mullis, E, Peheim, and M G, Bianchetti
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ,Reference Values ,Cations ,Child, Preschool ,Humans ,Calcium ,Female ,Magnesium ,Child ,Extracellular Space ,Magnesium Deficiency - Abstract
It is unclear whether insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is a state of magnesium depletion. This is a relevant question, since magnesium deficiency has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases that develop to an increased extent into diabetes mellitus. Total plasma magnesium was not statistically different in 76 pediatric patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (0.77 [0.73-0.81] mmol/l; median and interquartile range), 59 healthy adults (0.80 [0.77-0.83] mmol/l) and 19 healthy children (0.80 [0.78-0.83] mmol/l). In contrast, plasma ionized magnesium, the most interesting form with respect to physiological and biological properties, was significantly lower in diabetic patients (0.50 [0.48-0.53] mmol/l) when compared with healthy adults (0.53 [0.50-0.56] mmol/l; p0.01) and healthy children (0.54 [0.51-0.56] mmol/l; p0.02). Our report confirms recent findings of reduced circulating ionized magnesium but normal circulating total magnesium in adults with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
- Published
- 1997
25. Impact of chronic cigarette smoking on body composition and fuel metabolism
- Author
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P Jaeger, E X Jensen, E Peheim, Christoph Fusch, and F. F. Horber
- Subjects
Adult ,Blood Glucose ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Alcohol Drinking ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Protein oxidation ,Biochemistry ,Nicotine ,Excretion ,Cohort Studies ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Endocrinology ,Waist–hip ratio ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Insulin ,Resting energy expenditure ,Cotinine ,Triglycerides ,Apolipoproteins B ,Apolipoprotein A-I ,Chemistry ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Cholesterol, HDL ,Smoking ,Cholesterol, LDL ,Diet ,Cholesterol ,Carboxyhemoglobin ,Body Composition ,medicine.symptom ,Energy Intake ,Energy Metabolism ,Body mass index ,Weight gain ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Cigarette smoking has been associated with increased upper body fat deposition, as estimated by the waist to hip ratio, which has been shown to be associated with glucose intolerance and dyslipidemia in nonsmoking subjects. Whether smoking is at the origin of central adiposity and its related metabolic disturbances is unclear. Moreover, it is controversial whether smoking influences fuel metabolism. Therefore, young healthy male volunteers smoking more than 10 cigarettes/day for more than 5 yr (n = 14) were compared with nonsmokers (n = 13) matched for age, sex, body mass index, alcohol consumption, physical activity, as well as family history for hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and coronary heart disease. After an overnight fast, blood was drawn for chemistry, body composition was assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, and fuel metabolism was determined by indirect calorimetry. Nicotine uptake was estimated by 24-h urinary excretion of cotinine. Lean and fat body mass as well as their respective segmental distribution (i.e. arms, trunk, legs, and head), total bone mineral content, resting energy expenditure, and fat, carbohydrate, and protein oxidation were similar between smokers and nonsmokers. In contrast, 24-h urinary cotinine excretion (72.0 +/- 11.4 vs. 0.8 +/- 0.2 mumol/L.24 h; P < 0.001), plasma glucose (4.62 +/- 0.09 vs. 4.25 +/- 0.1 mmol/L; P < 0.01), total cholesterol (4.87 +/- 0.15 vs. 4.27 +/- 0.16 mmol/L; P < 0.02), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (3.05 +/- 0.19 vs. 2.43 +/- 0.16 mmol/L; P < 0.02), and apolipoprotein B concentrations (1.09 +/- 0.11 vs. 0.83 +/- 0.03 mmol/L; P < 0.03) were all higher in smokers than in nonsmokers. In smokers, 24-h urinary cotinine excretion positively correlated with the waist to hip ratio (r = 0.58; P = 0.03) and negatively with hip circumference (r = 0.87; P < 0.001). Moreover, 24-h cotinine excretion positively correlated with fat oxidation (r = 0.57; P = 0.03), but was independent of the other metabolic parameters studied. These results suggest that the dyslipidemia and glucose intolerance observed in smokers are not related to either central obesity or the amount of nicotine inhaled, but, rather, are due to some other component in cigarette smoke. In contrast, in smokers, fat oxidation increases with increasing nicotine uptake, a fact that might account for the often observed weight gain after cessation of smoking, thus suggesting different mechanisms of action of tobacco consumption on cholesterol and glucose metabolism on one side and fat oxidation on the other.
- Published
- 1995
26. Assessment of troponin-T for detection of cardiac rejection in a rat model
- Author
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B H, Walpoth, A, Tschopp, E, Peheim, T, Schaffner, and U, Althaus
- Subjects
Graft Rejection ,Troponin T ,Rats, Inbred Lew ,Animals ,Heart Transplantation ,Rats, Inbred Strains ,Troponin ,Rats - Published
- 1995
27. [Simplified determination of proteinuria in children using a single urine sample]
- Author
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E, Bisaz, M G, Bianchetti, R, Donati, E, Peheim, J P, Colombo, and O H, Oetliker
- Subjects
Diagnosis, Differential ,Male ,Proteinuria ,Adolescent ,Reference Values ,Child, Preschool ,Creatinine ,Humans ,Infant ,Female ,Blood Proteins ,Child ,Specimen Handling - Abstract
In children and adolescents the evaluation of proteinuria is cumbersome because of the need to obtain timed urine collections. The protein/creatinine ratio (using a Coomassie blue binding technique and a kinetic Jaffe reaction, respectively) measured in 134 pediatric patients with renal disease aged 2 months to 16 years correlated closely with the overnight urine protein excretion rates using the statistical approach suggested by Bland and Altman to compare methods of measuring some quantity. The upper limit of urinary protein/creatinine ratio measured in 252 healthy children and adolescents aged 4 to 19 years was shown to be 19 mg/mmol. No age-related differences in urinary protein excretion were noted in healthy subjects. The random urine protein/creatinine ratio provides an accurate assessment of quantitative protein excretion and avoids errors and difficulties associated with timed urine collection.
- Published
- 1994
28. Influence of Ammonium Concentration and Anion Gap on Relative Supersaturations in the Urine of Stone Forming Patients
- Author
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Th. Krebs, Daniel Ackermann, P Jaeger, E. Peheim, R. Takkinen, and Bernhard J. M. Hess
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Supersaturation ,chemistry ,Struvite ,Inorganic chemistry ,Calcium oxalate ,Uric acid ,Anion gap ,Ammonium ,Brushite ,Urine - Abstract
For the computation of the relative supersaturation (RS) for struvite, the concentration of ammonium must be known. To estimate ammonium concentration, the use of the anion gap has been proposed1. The purpose of this study was to compare the influence of ammonium concentration and anion gap on the RS of struvite, calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), brushite, and uric acid.
- Published
- 1994
29. [Cyclical gestagen (MPA) supplement for continuous transdermal or oral estrogen substitution in postmenopause: modification of serum lipids]
- Author
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W, Hänggi, M H, Birkhäuser, A, Malek, E, Peheim, and J U, von Hospenthal
- Subjects
Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ,Estradiol ,Cholesterol, HDL ,Estrogen Replacement Therapy ,Administration, Oral ,Cholesterol, LDL ,Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ,Middle Aged ,Administration, Cutaneous ,Lipids ,Cholesterol ,Humans ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,Prospective Studies ,Triglycerides - Abstract
Since postmenopause unopposed oestrogen replacement therapy (ERT) increases the incidence of endometrial carcinoma, the addition of a progestin in non-hysterectomised women is mandatory for hormonal substitution. On the other hand, progestins have a negative influence on serum lipids and may thus put in question the benefits of the ERT with regard to the cardiovascular risk. Progestins lower HDL and increase LDL in a dose-dependent way according to their chemical structure. In the present non-randomised study, the influence of a cyclic combined oestrogen progestin substitution on the serum lipids has been measured. From a total of 90 apparently healthy postmenopausal patients, 59 received a transdermal ERT with 17 beta-Estradiol (Estraderm TTS 50), whereas 31 women obtained a daily dose of 0.625 mg conjugated equine oestrogens (CE) perorally. Additionally all patients were given 10 mg medroxyprogesterone-acetate (MPA) daily during the first 10 days of each month. After 6 months of therapy, the following changes of serum lipids, expressed as percentage of initial values, were measured: total cholesterol in the transdermal group -2.3% (n.s.), in the peroral group -11.8% (p0.00001); triglycerides -3.7% (n.s.) resp. +8.6% (n.s.); HDL cholesterol + 0.2% (n.s.) resp. -1.8% (n.s.); LDL cholesterol +1.3% (n.s.) resp. -14.8% (p0.00001). The calculated atherogenic indices showed a decrease in the peroral substituted group of -6.5% (n.s.) for the HDL/total cholesterol ratio and -14.8% (p0.002) for the LDL/HDL ratio.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
- Published
- 1993
30. High proximal excretion of sodium during activation of beta 2-adrenoreceptors in humans
- Author
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G, Duss, M G, Bianchetti, F A, Cattaneo, P E, Mullis, R, Krämer, E, Peheim, and O H, Oetliker
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Electrolytes ,Heart Rate ,Receptors, Adrenergic, beta ,Sodium ,Humans ,Natriuresis ,Albuterol ,Lithium ,Kidney - Abstract
The effects of acute beta 2-type adrenoreceptor activation with intravenous albuterol on plasma and urinary sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphate and lithium were investigated in 9 volunteers during acute hydration. When compared with the control infusion with inactive vehicle, beta 2-type adrenoreceptor activation decreased plasma and urinary potassium and phosphate and increased the excretion of calcium and magnesium. In addition, activation of the beta 2 adrenoreceptors did not influence creatinine clearance and plasma level and the net fractional excretion of sodium but increased the fractional clearance of exogenous lithium which measures the fraction of filtered sodium delivered by the proximal tubule. The results indicate that activation of beta 2-type adrenoreceptors decreases the proximal reabsorption of sodium.
- Published
- 1993
31. [Assessment of the nephrotoxicity of amikacin in patients with cystic fibrosis]
- Author
-
R, Hügli, G, Artho, U N, Wiesmann, E, Peheim, U B, Schaad, and M G, Bianchetti
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,Cystic Fibrosis ,Acetylglucosaminidase ,Alpha-Globulins ,Albuminuria ,Humans ,Female ,Protease Inhibitors ,Child ,Kidney ,Amikacin - Abstract
Cystic fibrosis patients are at risk for nephrotoxic effects of aminoglycosides. Fifteen cystic fibrosis patients were admitted to hospital with 18 acute exacerbations of pulmonary symptoms associated with the isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from sputum. They were treated intravenously with amikacin and ceftazidime for 14 days. Urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and alpha 1-microglobulin, two markers of tubular damage, and of albumin, a marker of glomerular permeability, was studied before and during treatment. Urinary activity of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and excretion of alpha 1-microglobulin was normal before amikacin treatment in approximately two thirds of patients and pathologically increased at the end of the study in 95%. Urinary albumin excretion was always normal before amikacin treatment and failed to increase consistently during treatment. The pattern of urinary protein excretion observed in the study before and during treatment with amikacin indicates a selective tubular toxicity.
- Published
- 1992
32. Diet and fatty acids: can fish substitute for fish oil?
- Author
-
H, Fahrer, F, Hoeflin, B H, Lauterburg, E, Peheim, A, Levy, and T L, Vischer
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,Fatty Acids ,Middle Aged ,Diet ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,Membrane Lipids ,Cholesterol ,Fish Oils ,Fatty Acids, Omega-3 ,Fish Products ,Humans ,Psoriasis ,Female ,Triglycerides - Abstract
As fish oil has been shown to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis and in psoriasis, we examined whether a diet rich in fish has a similar effect on membrane and plasma lipids as a dietary fish oil supplement. Volunteers recruited by 2 rheumatology units in Switzerland formed three parallel groups eating respective diets during 2 months: a normal diet without fish; a normal diet including 700 g fish per week; a normal diet without fish but with additional fish oil (7.5 g daily). As outcome measures we determined the lipid composition of platelet-rich plasma, the serum cholesterol and triglycerides before the study and after 1 and 2 months of the designated diet. The relative amounts of both eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid increased significantly in the fish oil group and in the group with the fish diet; no change was seen in the control group. The effect on triglycerides, which were low at the beginning of the study, was minor and no change in cholesterol was seen. In conclusion, 4 to 6 meals with fish per week without any other dietary changes can induce similar changes in lipids as a supplement of fish oil.
- Published
- 1991
33. [Determination of fructosamine in chronic kidney diseases (dialysis-dependent patients)]
- Author
-
E, Peheim, C, Descoeudres, P, Diem, J P, Colombo, and E, Vorberg
- Subjects
Adult ,Aged, 80 and over ,Blood Glucose ,Glycated Hemoglobin ,Male ,Hexosamines ,Blood Proteins ,Middle Aged ,Kidney Function Tests ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Renal Dialysis ,Fructosamine ,Humans ,Kidney Failure, Chronic ,Diabetic Nephropathies ,Female ,Serum Albumin ,Aged - Abstract
The serum fructosamine normal range was confirmed. Correction to protein or albumin did not significantly affect the results. Therefore, correction of fructosamine values from patients with normal protein and albumin values would not improve the clinical significance of fructosamine. Fructosamine concentrations of heparin plasma from non-diabetics also fell within the serum fructosamine normal range. The fructosamine concentration from non-diabetic dialysis patients was significantly higher and more widely distributed than that of the reference collective despite normal blood glucose concentration. Relating fructosamine to protein had no substantial effect, whereas the differences were even increased when fructosamine was related to albumin. On the present stage of knowledge it might be considered to establish a reference interval for dialysis patients. It appears that the fructosamine estimation may then be successfully applied also to dialysis patients. Although dialysis resulted in hemoconcentration, the fructosamine concentration remained virtually unchanged. Referencing both values before and after dialysis to protein or albumin improved the correlation, but substantial differences were introduced as well. However, none of several parameters measured in parallel interfered to a degree which might explain such differences. In order to find a reasonable explanation for these findings further experiments are necessary.
- Published
- 1990
34. Effect of enzyme induction on plasma lipids using antipyrine, phenobarbital, and rifampicin
- Author
-
E. Peheim, E. E. Ohnhaus, and B. Kirchhof
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Hydrocortisone ,Lipoproteins ,Pharmacology ,Hydroxylation ,Glucaric Acid ,Plasma lipids ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Enzyme inducer ,Phospholipids ,Triglycerides ,17-Hydroxycorticosteroids ,biology ,Chemistry ,gamma-Glutamyltransferase ,Lipids ,Cholesterol ,Enzyme Induction ,Phenobarbital ,Microsomes, Liver ,biology.protein ,Female ,Rifampin ,Antipyrine ,Rifampicin ,medicine.drug - Published
- 1979
35. Enzymology of human myometrium: Variations related to the hormonal milieu
- Author
-
U. Herrmann, C. Bachmann, Degiampietro P, and E. Peheim
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Phosphorylases ,Phosphofructokinase-1 ,Biology ,Endometrium ,Glycogen phosphorylase ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Pregnancy ,Hexokinase ,Lactate dehydrogenase ,Internal medicine ,Follicular phase ,medicine ,Humans ,Phosphofructokinase 1 ,Menstrual Cycle ,reproductive and urinary physiology ,Abdominal Muscles ,Aged ,L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ,urogenital system ,Myometrium ,3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases ,Proteins ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,musculoskeletal system ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,Succinate Dehydrogenase ,Citric acid cycle ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Endometrial Hyperplasia ,Female ,Menopause ,Energy Metabolism ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,Phosphofructokinase - Abstract
The activities of various enzymes involved in glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle and fatty acid oxidation were assayed in human myometrium. A gradient of the activities from fundal to cervical myometrium was observed. In contrast to studies performed in rodents, cyclic changes of glycolytic enzymes could not be detected. Hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase (HAD) activity was higher in secretory phase myometrium and in cases with cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium than in proliferative phase myometrium. In pregnant myometrium, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glycogen phosphorylase (GLP) were increased and in postmenopausal myometrium the activities of phosphofructokinase (PFK), LDH and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) were decreased as compared to proliferative phase myometrium. We conclude that in the human myometrium, except for HAD, activities of enzymes involved in fuel metabolism are stable throughout the menstrual cycle and that only prolonged hormonal stimulation leads to alterations of some enzyme activities.
- Published
- 1987
36. Creatine kinase and creatine kinase MB in endurance runners and in patients with myocardial infarction
- Author
-
B. Roessler, H. P. Köchli, M. Staubli, E. Peheim, and P. W. Straub
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Physiology ,Myocardial Infarction ,Running ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,In patient ,Myocardial infarction ,Creatine Kinase ,Aged ,Long distance runners ,biology ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Skeletal muscle ,General Medicine ,Human physiology ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Creatine kinase.MB ,Isoenzymes ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Physical Endurance ,Cardiology ,biology.protein ,Regression Analysis ,Creatine kinase ,business ,human activities - Abstract
Following a 100 km race creatine kinase (CK) creatine kinase MB (CKMB) activities were serially measured in well trained athletes and compared with enzyme activities in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The half-time of disappearance of CK (CKt1/2) was 1.75 +/- 0.70 days in runners who trained within the 1st week after the race, and was 0.81 +/- 0.18 days in patients with AMI, P less than 0.005. CKt1/2 in runners was shorter (1.17 +/- 0.28 days) when no training was performed in the first postrace week. CKt1/2 was linearly correlated with age (P less than 0.01) in the runners but not in the patients. CKMBt1/2 was 1.30 and 1.11 days in two runners and 0.56 +/- 0.10 days in patients with AMI (P less than 0.05). In line with histologic and enzymatic findings in skeletal muscle of long distance runners as reported by other workers, our kinetic data provide further evidence that CK and CKMB are released from muscular compartments in runners other than those in patients with AMI.
- Published
- 1985
37. Laboratory evaluation of the Greiner G-400 discrete selective multichannel analyzer
- Author
-
E. Peheim, P. Degiampietro, and J. P. Colombo
- Subjects
Analyte ,Spectrum analyzer ,Chemistry ,law ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Analytical chemistry ,Linearity ,Photometer ,Multichannel analyzer ,Biological fluid ,law.invention - Abstract
We evaluated the new Greiner G-400 selective multichannel analyzer. Thirty different tests can be run in combination profile and single-test mode at a rate between 150 and 300 tests per hour. The new photometer allows kinetic and equilibrium (endpoint) measurements. The G-400 analyzer demonstrated excellent precision, linearity, accuracy, ease of operation, and no carryover. Results for 16 different analytes as determined with the Hitachi 705, GSA II, and Corning 940 correlated favorably with those obtained with the G-400. The G-400 analyzer is suitable for both emergency and routine use.
- Published
- 1985
38. Comparison of plasma creatinine determined with the greiner selective analyser GSA II and the glomerular filtration rate
- Author
-
J.P. Colombo, W. Flury, and E. Peheim
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,Bilirubin ,Statistics as Topic ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Analyser ,Plasma creatinine ,Renal function ,AutoAnalyzer ,Creatine ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Sex Factors ,Reference Values ,Humans ,Aged ,Creatinine ,Autoanalysis ,Chromatography ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,chemistry ,Reference values ,Female ,Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet ,Glomerular Filtration Rate - Abstract
1. Reference values for the plasma creatinine were established using the alkaline picrate method with the Greiner Selective Analyzer GSA II in relation to the Cr 51-EDTA Clearance. Individuals with normal GFR between 93 to 159 ml/min/1.73 m2 had creatinine values in men (n = 65) from 53.7 to 119.5 mumol/l (0.61 to 1.35 mg/100 ml) and in women (n = 59) from 37.7 to 107 mumol/l (0.42 to 121 mg/100 ml). 2. The creatine determinations with the GSA II were compared to those on the Technicon Analyzer, the Beckman Creatinine Analyzer, the Gemsaec-Fast Analyzer and to the enzymatic creatinine method. A good correlation (r = 0.9780-0.984) was observed. 3. With the GSA II and the enzymatic method, bilirubin showed a minor interference which was more marked with the Beckman analyzer.
- Published
- 1980
39. Die Bestimmung des Chlorids in Plasma und Serum (Quecksilber [II]-Thiocyanat-Methode) mit dem Greiner Electronic Selective Analyzer GSA II
- Author
-
E. Peheim, H. Küffer, R Kraft, J. P. Colombo, and R. Richterich
- Subjects
Chromatography ,Aqueous solution ,Mercury(II) thiocyanate ,Thiocyanate ,Bilirubin ,education ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Clinical Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Medicine ,Haemolysis ,Chloride ,Mercury (element) ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Reagent ,medicine ,medicine.drug - Abstract
1. A mercury(II)-thiocyanate method for the determination of chloride in plasma and serum was adapted for the Greiner Electronic Selective Analyzer GSA II. A sample blank value and a partial reagent blank value were determined by omitting thiocyanate from the control system. 2. The course of the reaction was investigated. For a reaction time of 350-500 s, the response was linear between 30 and 130 mmol/l. Between 90 and 110 mmol/l, the deviation between the actual and the theoretical value is less than 1%. 3. The calibration must be checked and, if necessary, restandardized; this is probably due to variable contamination of the reagents with chloride ions. 4. Haemolysis, lipaemia and bilirubin do not interfere. Protein has no effect on the course of the reaction. 5. At concentrations around 100 mmol/l, the in series precision, expressed as the variation coefficient (%), is 0.3-0.6% for aqueous solutions, 0.4-0.8% for liquid control sera, and 0.8-1.5% for lyophilized control sera. 6. No carry over was detectable from samples containing 150 to those containing 10 mmol/l.
- Published
- 1975
40. Enzymes of ammonia detoxication after portacaval shunt in the rat. II. Enzymes of glutamate metabolism
- Author
-
J P, Colombo, C, Bachmann, E, Peheim, and J, Berüter
- Subjects
Male ,Glutamate Dehydrogenase ,Glutamates ,Glutaminase ,Liver ,Ammonia ,Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase ,Portacaval Shunt, Surgical ,Animals ,Brain ,Kidney ,Rats - Abstract
Besides the synthesis of urea, ammonia detoxication at high concentrations can also be effected through enzyme reactions involved in glutamic acid metabolism. These mechanisms are also operative in extrahepatic tissues. Hyperammonemia is also found in the animal model of the portacaval shunt (PCS) rat. This model was chosen to study the activities of glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamine synthetase and glutaminase I in liver, brain and kidney 10, 20 and 30 days after PCS. In brain and kidney ammonia is detoxified mainly by the glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase reactions whereas in the liver these enzyme reactions play a minor role.
- Published
- 1977
41. Activities in leiomyomas and myometrium of enzymes involved in energy metabolism
- Author
-
Degiampietro P, G.W. Locher, E. Peheim, C. Bachmann, and U. Herrmann
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Human myometrium ,Phosphorylases ,Phosphofructokinase-1 ,Uterus ,Energy metabolism ,Internal medicine ,Hexokinase ,medicine ,Humans ,neoplasms ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ,Leiomyoma ,urogenital system ,Myometrium ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases ,Middle Aged ,musculoskeletal system ,medicine.disease ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,Succinate Dehydrogenase ,surgical procedures, operative ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Enzyme ,Endocrinology ,Reproductive Medicine ,chemistry ,Uterine Neoplasms ,Female ,Energy Metabolism - Abstract
The activities of six enzymes involved in energy metabolism were measured in leiomyoma specimens and in the adjacent normal myometrium from the uterus of 17 patients. In leiomyomas the specific activities of hexokinase, lactate dehydrogenase and hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HAD) were higher than in myometrium. The soluble protein content was lower in leiomyomas. Therefore, most of the differences of specific activities were not found when the enzyme activity was expressed per gram wet weight of tissue, except for HAD activity, which was still higher in leiomyomas (p less than 0.05). This result is compatible with increased fatty acid utilization by leiomyomas, and with the increased growth potential of such tumors.
- Published
- 1987
42. Low plasma concentrations of ionized calcium in patients with asthma
- Author
-
E. Peheim, M. Staubli, H. Bachofen, and M. Gugger
- Subjects
Calcium metabolism ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Vascular smooth muscle ,Physiology ,Respiratory disease ,Physical Exertion ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Calcium ,medicine.disease ,Asthma ,Asthma, Exercise-Induced ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Reference Values ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,Forced Expiratory Volume ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Bronchoconstriction ,medicine.symptom ,Homeostasis - Abstract
It has been suggested that calcium homeostasis is abnormal in the vascular smooth muscle of hypertensive patients and in the bronchial smooth muscle in asthmatics. We have found the mean baseline concentration of plasma ionized calcium to be significantly lower both in 12 asthmatics with exercise-induced asthma (EIA) [1.16 ± 0.01 (SE) mmol/l, P less than 0.001] and in 20 asthmatics without EIA (1.16 ± 0.01; P less than 0.001) compared with 42 healthy subjects (1.24 ± 0.01). The mean concentrations of plasma ionized calcium were not significantly different in asthmatics with and without EIA when measured either before treadmill exercise, during the last seconds of this exercise, or 10 or 20 min after exercise but were significantly lower than in another seven healthy subjects who undertook the same exercise protocol. Total plasma calcium concentrations in the three exercising groups were not significantly different at any point in time. The results suggest that in bronchial asthma an alteration of calcium metabolism may be important, but they also suggest that there is no simple relationship between the plasma ionized calcium concentration and acute exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.
- Published
- 1988
43. [The determination of chloride in plasma and serum (mercury(II)-thiocyanate method) with the Greiner Electronic Selective Analyzer GSA II (author's transl)]
- Author
-
H, Küffer, R, Richterich, R, Kraft, E, Peheim, and J P, Colombo
- Subjects
Plasma ,Autoanalysis ,Chlorides ,Organometallic Compounds ,Humans ,Indicators and Reagents ,Mercury ,Thiocyanates - Abstract
1. A mercury(II)-thiocyanate method for the determination of chloride in plasma and serum was adapted for the Greiner Electronic Selective Analyzer GSA II. A sample blank value and a partial reagent blank value were determined by omitting thiocyanate from the control system. 2. The course of the reaction was investigated. For a reaction time of 350-500 s, the response was linear between 30 and 130 mmol/l. Between 90 and 110 mmol/l, the deviation between the actual and the theoretical value is less than 1%. 3. The calibration must be checked and, if necessary, restandardized; this is probably due to variable contamination of the reagents with chloride ions. 4. Haemolysis, lipaemia and bilirubin do not interfere. Protein has no effect on the course of the reaction. 5. At concentrations around 100 mmol/l, the in series precision, expressed as the variation coefficient (%), is 0.3-0.6% for aqueous solutions, 0.4-0.8% for liquid control sera, and 0.8-1.5% for lyophilized control sera. 6. No carry over was detectable from samples containing 150 to those containing 10 mmol/l.
- Published
- 1975
44. Activities in the placenta and fetal membranes of enzymes involved in energy metabolism
- Author
-
C. Bachmann, Metzger E, Degiampietro P, U. Herrmann, and E. Peheim
- Subjects
Adult ,Phosphorylases ,Phosphofructokinase-1 ,Placenta ,Extraembryonic Membranes ,Biology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Glycogen phosphorylase ,Pregnancy ,Lactate dehydrogenase ,Hexokinase ,medicine ,Humans ,Glycolysis ,reproductive and urinary physiology ,L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases ,General Medicine ,3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase ,Citric acid cycle ,Succinate Dehydrogenase ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,embryonic structures ,Female ,Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex ,Energy Metabolism - Abstract
The placenta and the fetal membranes differ in their energy dependent functions and in their blood supply. In a search for quantitative differences in the expression of enzymes involved in energy metabolism in these tissues we measured in the placenta and in amnion and chorion the activities of enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism (hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, glycogen phosphorylase), a tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme (succinate dehydrogenase) and an enzyme involved in fatty acid oxidation (hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase). The activities of succinate dehydrogenase and hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase in the placenta were higher than those in the membranes, whereas the activities of the other enzymes assayed were lower. Lactate dehydrogenase activity was higher in the amnion than in the chorion (p less than 0.01). These results could indicate that the fetal membranes depend mainly on glycolysis for an energy supply.
- Published
- 1985
45. Enzymes of ammonia detoxication after portacaval shunt in the rat. I. Carbamylphosphate synthetase and aspartate transcarbamylase
- Author
-
J P, Colombo, J, Berüter, C, Bachmann, and E, Peheim
- Subjects
Male ,Orotic Acid ,Liver ,Ammonia ,Portacaval Shunt, Surgical ,Body Weight ,Phosphotransferases ,Aspartate Carbamoyltransferase ,Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Ammonia) ,Animals ,DNA ,Organ Size ,Rats - Abstract
At high systemic blood concentrations ammonia may be partially deviated into the pathway of pyrimidine synthesis, as has been observed in different genetic defects of the urea cycle. The portacaval shunt (PCS) rat presents an animal model to study ammonia detoxication without an underlying enzyme defect in the urea cycle. Since ammonia may induce a deviation into the pyrimidine pathway by influencing enzymatic reactions involved in this pathway, the activity of carbamylphosphate synthetase and aspartate transcarbamylase in liver as well as the excretion of orotic acid in the urine were measured in rats 10, 20 and 30 days after PCS. The results suggest that in this experimental model ammonia may be channeled into the pyrimidine pathway leading to a stimulation of the first enzymatic step and to an increased excretion of orotic acid.
- Published
- 1977
46. N-Acetyl-β-D-glukosaminidase, α1-Mikroglobulin und Mikroalbumin im Urin bei Kindern mit chronischen Glomerulonephritiden und von Patienten während der Behandlung mit dem Aminoglykosid Amikacin
- Author
-
R. Hügli, Ulrich N. Wiesmann, G. Artho, J. P. Colombo, and E. Peheim
- Abstract
N-Acetyl-β-D-glukosaminidase (NAG) ist ein lysosomales Enzym, mit einem molekularen Gewicht von 140000 Dalton, das in allen Zellen des Korpers, einschlieslich der Tubuluszellen der Niere vorkommt. Da dieses Enzym wegen seiner Grose nicht filtriert wird, ist seine Anwesenheit im Urin auf die Sekretion aus den Tubuluszellen zuruckzufuhren. Eine Vermehrung der NAG-Sekretion in den Urin wird deshalb als diagnostisches Merkmal beginnender tubularer Schadigungen diskutiert. So wurde eine Erhohung der NAG-Aktivitat im Urin als Fruhsymptom der Nephrotoxizitat von Medikamenten [2] bei diabetischen Nephropathien [6, 7] und bei Hypertonien [3] beschrieben.
- Published
- 1989
47. Histochemical demonstration of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase in rat liver after portacaval anastomosis
- Author
-
E. Peheim, Edith Müller, J. Bircher, and J. P. Colombo
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Chemistry ,Histocytochemistry ,Portacaval Shunt, Surgical ,Portacaval anastomosis ,Portacaval shunt ,Gestational Age ,Cell Biology ,gamma-Glutamyltransferase ,Molecular biology ,Rats ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Hexobarbital ,Liver ,Pregnancy ,Rat liver ,medicine ,Molecular Medicine ,Animals ,Female ,Molecular Biology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Mit Hilfe der histochemischen Methode konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass die Leberzellen nach der portocavalen Shunt-Operation die Fahighkeit der GGTP-Synthese wiedererlangen. Die Enzymabnahme in der postnatalen Periode und ihre Zunahme nach der portocavalen Anastomose stimmt sowohl zeitlich als auch mengenmassig im histochemischen Praparat mit den biochemischen Ergebnissen uberein.
- Published
- 1974
48. [The effect of diuretic therapy on serum lipoproteins: an undesirable effect?]
- Author
-
Z, Glück, P, Weidmann, R, Mordasini, E, Peheim, C, Bachmann, G, Keusch, and W, Riesen
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Clinical Trials as Topic ,Adolescent ,Lipoproteins ,Chlorthalidone ,Lipoproteins, VLDL ,Middle Aged ,Lipoproteins, LDL ,Placebos ,Cholesterol ,Hypertension ,Humans ,Female ,Lipoproteins, HDL ,Triglycerides ,Aged - Abstract
The effect of diuretics on serum lipids and lipoproteins was evaluated in 23 patients with essential hypertension treated with chlorthalidone for six weeks. Compared to placebo conditions, diuretic therapy significantly increased serum beta (+8%, p less than 0.05) or low-density-lipoprotein (LP) cholesterol (+17%, p less than 0.025). Since alpha-LP or high-density-LP cholesterol was unchanged or tended to decrease slightly, there was also an increase in the beta/alpha-LP (+26%, p less than 0.025) or low/high-density-LP cholesterol (21%, p less than 0.025) ratio. Serum cholesterol (+4%), triglycerides (+3%), phospholipids and the Apo-LP A-I, A-II and B were not changed significantly. Blood pressure and plasma potassium were decreased (p less than 0.01), blood volume and serum insulin were not changed significantly, and serum glucose was increased mildly. Plasma renin, aldosterone and norepinephrine levels rose significantly (p less than 0.05), while circulating epinephrine was unaltered. Alterations in LP were not related to variations in blood pressure, blood volume, plasma electrolytes or serum glucose or insulin; and they did not correlate with chlorthalidone-induced increases in plasma renin, aldosterone or norepinephrine. Treatment with certain diuretics may have an adverse influence on lipoprotein metabolism.
- Published
- 1979
49. [Plasma creatinine determination by means of the Greiner selective analyzer GSA II with special attention to the glomerular filtrate]
- Author
-
E, Peheim, J P, Colombo, W, Flury, and R, Kretschmer
- Subjects
Chemistry, Clinical ,Creatinine ,Humans ,Bilirubin ,Glomerular Filtration Rate - Published
- 1979
50. 20. In-vitro-Pr�fung des plazentaren Transfers von Medikamenten Beispiel: Acyclovir
- Author
-
E. Peheim, U. Herrmann, Degiampietro P, and C. Bachmann
- Subjects
Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,viruses ,virus diseases ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,In vitro perfusion ,business - Abstract
Am Modell der In-vitro-Perfusion des isolierten Kotyledo der menschlichen Plazenta am Termin wurde der Transfer von Acyclovir, einem gegen Herpes-simplex-Virus wirksamen Guaninderivat, gepruft. Die Plazentapassage von Acyclovir wurde mit dem Transfer von Substanzen verschiedener molekularer Struktur verglichen (Antipyrin, Kreatinin). Die Ergebnisse zeigen, das Acyclovir entsprechend seinem Molekulargewicht von 225 durch die menschliche Plazenta diffundiert. Damit sind therapeutisch wirksame Blutspiegel beim Fetus zu erwarten.
- Published
- 1986
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