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This paper describes the results of experiments on the interaction of hydrogen isotopes with lithium ceramics of different grades. The studies were carried out in two stages: a cycle of work on saturation of samples in a deuterium medium was conducted at a facility for studying the interaction of gases with materials (CorrSiC’a)) based on an industrial highvacuum tube furnace GSL-1600, at temperatures of 300 °C, 500 °C, 700 °C; hermal desorption (TDS) experiments at a facility, where the sample is heated by a non-contact method (induction heating) at a rate of 2 K/s and 10 K/s, at a pressure of residual gases in the installation chamber ~10−4 Pa. The values of the activation energy of deuterium gas release from lithium ceramics of different grades are obtained.

The paper analyzes the results of reactor studies on tritium generation and release from the lead-lithium eutectic PbLi in conditions of reactor irradiation. In this paper, the initial stage of eut...

We analyzed the role of opioid receptors in the conditioning effect of continuous normobaric hypoxia on bioenergetics of the heart subjected to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Male Wistar rats were adapted to a 21-day continuous normobaric hypoxia (12% pO2). Then, the hearts were isolated and subjected to 45-min total ischemia followed by 30-min reperfusion. Damage to the myocardium was assessed by activity of creatine phosphokinase in the perfusate. Experiments on isolated mitochondria showed that ischemia/reperfusion injury decreased the respiration rate in state 3 (V3), the ratio of added ADP and oxygen consumption in respiration state 3 (ADP/O ratio), the mitochondrial potential across the inner membrane (Δψ), and Ca2+ binding capacity of mitochondria. In addition, ischemia/reperfusion injury decreased myocardial ATP. Preventive continuous normobaric hypoxia pronouncedly moderated these adverse effects of reperfusion. It was found that its protective effects were related to activation of cardiac μ- and δ2-opioid receptors.

In this paper, we present the of theoretical calculation and experimental study results of ultrashort pulse emitters with radiating elements based on an oscillator and disk-cone antenna, the excitation source of which is current oscillations in a long line switched by a switch with short switching time τ. The temporal characteristics of the emission field and its spectrum are determined. Depending on parameter l/(cτ) (l is the length of the vibrator arm), various emission modes are shown to be implemented that differ in frequency characteristics and the shape of the radiation pattern. The basic emission regularities are qualitatively explained based on the calculation of the spectrum of eigen oscillations (in the spectral region) and based on the summation of the contributions from elementary currents flowing over the emitter surface (in the time domain).

Preclinical studies of a new octreotide derivative with a chelate (DPAH-octreotide) that binds 99mTc for radiological diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors are currently in progress. A method for preparing DPAH-octreotide is based on forming an amide bond between the amine of D-phenylalanine and the bifunctional chelate succinimid-1-yl 6-[bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino]hexanoate. An HPLC method for determining the identity, impurities, and quantitative content is proposed for DPAH-octreotide quality assurance. The validation protocol established that the HPLC analytical method for determining DPAH-octreotide had quality parameters for specificity, detection limit, linearity, accuracy, precision, and intralaboratory precision that met requirements for analytical methods and could be used for quality control of the finished product during manufacturing of reagents for preparation of related radiopharmaceuticals.

The most important event in the formation of reperfusion injury to the heart has been shown to be the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTP). mPTP opening is followed by activation of apoptosis, necroptosis, and cardiomyocyte death. Experimental studies have shown that inhibition of mPTP opening decreases infarct size and that conditioning actions on the myocardium are mediated via decreases in the sensitivity of mPTP to opening factors. The present article reviews existing data on the structure and regulation of mPTP in conditions of reperfusion injury to the heart.

The humoral pathway mediating the cardioprotective effect of remote ischemic preconditioning has been demonstrated in various models: ischemia-reperfusion of the fore- and hindlimbs and liver and occlusion-reperfusion of the mesenteric and renal arteries. This review assesses humoral components in the formation and realization of the cardioprotective actions of remote ischemic preconditioning of the heart. Endogenous agonists of opioid receptors, arachidonic acid derivatives (prostanoids), agonists of cannabinoid and vanilloid receptors, calcitonin gene-related peptide, leukotrienes, and microRNA are all regarded as humoral components. Adenosine, which also has a role in mediating the cardioprotective effects of remote ischemic preconditioning, is regarded as a mediator between the humoral factor and cardiomyocytes. Knowledge of the role of humoral factors in mediating cardioprotection may be useful for developing methods and therapeutic agents to increase the resistance of the myocardium to ischemic-reperfusion damage.

With the development of megalopolises, constant expansion of their borders and chaotic and – to a greater extent – unreasonable territorial division of lands, potential recreational areas are experiencing colossal anthropogenic load and can be found in the state of oppression, gradually moving into an industrial functional zone, from the environmental point of view. For the preservation of ecosystems and rational planning of urban development, it is necessary to pay special attention to the functional purpose and mode of use of the sites, which are the essence of zoning and governance in the field of urban development of land. This paper presents a geoecological assessment of the dynamics of changes in pollution halos among the functional areas of the Eastern Administrative Okrug of Moscow over the past 30 years. Geochemical series of pollutants were compiled with the help of methods of preliminary preparation and statistical data processing. A forecast of the spread of pollution in the surface horizon for the next 100 years is presented, taking into account the hydrogeological features of the territory of the Eastern Administrative Okrug of Moscow.

The article presents the results of studies of the gas content and gas-dynamic characteristics of the free gas contained in the salt rocks of the IV ℃ p horizon of the Starobin deposit of potash salts. The research was carried out in the workings of the Petrikovsky ore enrichment plant. The IV-p horizon was discovered for the first time and data on the content of free gas in the rocks have not existed until now. Given that mining operations in other potash horizons and areas of the field are regularly accompanied by various gas-dynamic phenomena, all commissioned horizons and new areas should be examined for the content of free gas in the rocks and at the rock contacts. For the research, mine instrumental observations were used according to the methodology developed at the Mining Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The obtained data serve as the basis for the development of recommendations for the safe conduct of mining operations in the rocks of the IV – p horizon.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of global MBF and MFR quantitation performed by myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) for the detection of multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD). 52 CAD patients underwent CZT MPS, with the evaluation of MBF and MFR, followed by invasive coronary angiography (ICA). According to MPS and ICA results, all patients were divided into three groups: (1) non-obstructive CAD and normal MPS scan (control group) (n = 7), (2) one vessel disease (1VD) (n = 16), (3) multivessel disease (MVD) (n = 29). Global absolute MBF and MFR were significantly reduced in MVD patients as compared to those with 1VD [0.93 (IQR 0.76; 1.39) vs 1.94 (1.37; 2.21) mL·min−1·g−1, P = .00012] and [1.4 (IQR 1.02; 1.85) vs 2.3 (1.8; 2.67), P = . 0 004], respectively. The Syntax score correlated with global stress MBF (ρ = − 0.64; P < .0001) and MFR (ρ = − 0.53; P = .0003). ROC analysis showed higher sensitivity and specificity for stress MBF and MFR compared with semiquantitative MPS stress evaluation. Multivariate regression analysis showed that only stress MBF [OR (95% CI) 0.59 (0.42-0.82); P < .0003] was an independent predictor of MVD. Quantitative myocardial blood flow values assessed with the use of CZT camera may identify high-risk patients, such as those with multivessel disease.

Цель обзора - анализ публикаций, посвященных кардиопротекторным эффектам мелатонина в условиях ишемии/реперфузии сердца в эксперименте и клинике. Эксперименты в анализируемых статьях проводились на крысах с коронароокклюзией и реперфузией. Некоторые исследования выполнялись на изолированном перфузируемом сердце крысы, которое подвергали ишемии/реперфузии. Для блокады рецепторов мелатонина использовался Лузиндол. Клинические исследования проводились на пациентах с острым инфарктом миокарда с подъёмом сегмента ST и чрескожным коронарным вмешательством. Мелатонин вводился внутривенно. Размер инфаркта оценивался по уровню креатинкиназы-МВ, тропонина Т и с помощью магнитно-резонансной томографии. Кроме того, клинические исследования выполнялись на пациентах с коронарным шунтированием. В экспериментальных работах доказывается, что мелатонин повышает толерантность сердца к ишемии/реперфузии: способствует уменьшению соотношения зона инфаркта/область риска, оказывает антиапоптотический эффект, улучшает насосную функцию сердца во время реперфузии, обеспечивает антиаритмический эффект, снижает интенсивность окислительного стресса. Многие из этих эффектов связаны с активацией М1- и М2-рецепторов. В клинических исследованиях обосновывается, кардиопротекторное действие мелатонина у пациентов с коронарным шунтированием. Данные об эффективности мелатонина у пациентов с острым инфарктом миокарда противоречивы. Заключение. Вопрос о клинической эффективности мелатонина требует дальнейшего изучения.The aim was to analyze publications addressing the cardioprotective effects of melatonin in ischemia/reperfusion of the heart. Experiments in the analyzed reports were performed on rats with coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion. Some studies were performed on isolated, perfused rat hearts subjected to ischemia/reperfusion. Luzindole was used to antagonize melatonin receptors. Clinical studies were conducted on patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction who underwent a percutaneous coronary intervention. Melatonin was administered intravenously. Infarct size was estimated by concentrations of creatine kinase-MB and troponin T and also using magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, clinical studies were performed on patients with coronary artery bypass surgery. Melatonin increased the heart tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion by providing a decrease in the infarct size/area at risk ratio; exerting an antiapoptotic effect; improving the heart pumping function during reperfusion; exerting an antiarrhythmic effect; and reducing the intensity of oxidative stress. Many of these effects were associated with activation of M1 and M2 receptors. Melatonin proved cardioprotective in patients with coronary artery bypass grafting. Data on the effectiveness of melatonin in patients with acute myocardial infarction are inconsistent. Conclusion The question of the clinical efficacy of melatonin requires further study.

The article presents the results of analytical studies of the traction characteristics of wheeled tractors with a power of 50-75 kW located in the same traction class 1.4. Empirical expressions are obtained for the dependence of the tractive effort of the Case IH Farmall JX 1090U, Challenger MT 425, Massey Ferguson 4225, New Holland TD 5030 MTZ-80, MTZ-82 tractors on the travel speed. The dependence of the traction resistance of a three-body plow PLN-3-35 on the speed of movement, aggregated with tractors of traction class 1.4, has been determined. As a result of the graphic-analytical analysis, the optimal loading mode for each tractor was established when working with a PLN-35 plow, 1.05 m wide at a depth of 0.30 m. The hourly productivity of arable units and the energy intensity of the main moldboard tillage are determined. A comparison of the obtained operational indicators is given.

In Russia, the main oilseed crop is sunflower. Its crops occupy more than 95 % of the area under oilseeds, and annually account for 7.07 % of the area under grain crops. An urgent problem is the loss of oilseeds because of headers and harvesting attachments, which, according to agro technical requirements, should not exceed 2.5 % of the actual yield. The article describes the technological process of the sunflower harvester equipped with an auger-reel. The design of the auger- reel with stripper knives and winding is justified. A mathematical analysis of the capturing process a sunflower head by an auger- reel is proposed. Mathematical expressions are given for the forces acting on the stem during the auger- reel capture, equations for determining the reactions’ moments of the forces acting on the sunflower stem.

Using the technical characteristics of the PBS-10P trailed single-furrow plow and the results of tractor tests made by the Nebraska Tractor Test US laboratory, the value of towing tension of Case Magnum 340 (239 kW), New Holland Т9020 (213 kW), Challenger MT 835 (271 kW), John Deer 9120 (182 kW), Versatile 375 (226 kW), Versatile 400 (247 kW), New Holland Т9030 (310 kW) tractors and traction resistance of the PBS-10P plow at appropriate speeds were determined. The analytical dependencies of the traction force of the tractors and the traction resistance of the plow on the speed of movement are determined. The method of determining the rational composition of the arable unit is described, including: experimental determination of the plow traction at different tillage depth and speed; determination of the tractor force at the maximum traction power of the tractor; approximation of the obtained results in the form of empirical formulas; building graphical dependencies by empirical formulas and determining the optimal speed of the arable unit, which is used to calculate the productivity of the arable unit.

The characteristics of storm surges obtained from sea level observations at four hydrometeorological stations in the North Caspian Sea for 2003–2017 are presented. The sea level that by 30 cm exceeds the monthly mean value at the analyzed point of the Caspian Sea was considered as a surge. In total, 370 surges were registered, 83% of them occurred during the cold season (September-April). The maximum surge height was 125 cm, the longest duration was 7 days. The most significant surges on Tyulenii Island were simulated with the operational hydrodynamic model of the sea level and currents of the Caspian Sea using atmospheric forcing from the COSMO model. The mean coefficient of correlation between the simulated and observed sea level is equal to 0.94.

Используя техническую характеристику прицепного лемешно-отвального плуга ПБС-10П и результаты испытаний плугов серии ПБС на ФГБНУ «Поволжская машиноиспытательная станция», результаты испытаний тракторов лабораторией Nebraska Tractor Test США установлена величина крюкового усилия тракторов John Deer 9120 (196кВт), New Holland 9282 (175кВт), Versatile 375 (268кВт), Case Magnum 340 (251кВт), Challenger MT 835 (267кВт), Fendt 926 (200кВт), Massey Fergusson 8480 (200кВт) и тягового сопротивления прицепного плуга ПБС-10П на соответствующих скоростях движения, определены аналитические зависимости крюкового усилия тракторов и тягового сопротивления плуга от скорости движения. Графоаналитическим методом рассчитаны оптимальные эксплуатационные показатели скомплектованных пахотных агрегатов и дана их сравнительная теоретическая оценка по производительности на основной обработке почвы в разных условиях. Представлены результаты экспериментальных исследований пахотного агрегата Case Magnum 340+ПБС-10П в условиях хозяйства Саратовской области и проверена сходимость полученных теоретических и экспериментальных исследований.

The electrochemical behavior of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, iron nanoparticles coated with carbon, and diazonium salts by voltammetry methods using a carbon paste electrode (CPE) has been studied. There has been developed a voltammetric method for identifying and quantifying solid-phase iron-based nanoparticles in the background electrolyte of 0.02 mole/dm3 Trilon B (pH 3.5) with the use of the CPE. Investigations of nanoparticles’ stability with various coatings in a simulated solution of gastric juice have been carried out. Nanoparticles stability has been evaluated on the basis of determining Fe(III) ions in a simulated solution after contacting with nanoparticles within different periods of time using the method of inversion voltammetry. It has been shown that nanoparticles coated with carbon and salts of arendiazonium are the most resistant to aggressive media.

A new geoinformation technology for monitoring the hydrometeorological situation in the Arctic is considered. This technology combines two levels of the geodata analysis. The first level supports automatic loading and processing of data, providing the operator with simple tools of the analysis with an intuitive interface and visual representation of results available to a wide range of users. The second level is designed for the comprehensive analysis of hypotheses that experts can formulate at the first level. The monitoring platform has two software applications: (1) climatic processes in the Arctic and (2) operative and forecast conditions in the regions of the White and Barents seas with the possibility of analyzing the environmental threats during extraction and transportation of hydrocarbons.

A generator of repetitive voltage pulses in the form of a damped sine wave with a period of ~6 ns, an amplitude of the first voltage half-wave of up to ~400 kV, and a pulse repetition frequency of up to 60 Hz is described. The generator is powered from a storage battery (7 A h, 36 V) and has several voltage build-up stages.

The characteristic features of our time are globalization and the intensification of human activities, which lead to large-scale changes in the environment. There are more crisis points, they are interconnected, and the problems that arise at the same time become more complicated. In this case, we should already talk about the possibility of a global environmental crisis, and therefore any more or less large project should take into account environmental risks. That is, each object of geo-ecological research is considered both as an independent self-organizing system and as part of a larger system. It is the initial approach to the study and construction of a conceptual model, the trajectory of data processing of the object of research that currently causes the greatest number of disputes and difficulties. Often, the entire volume of problems related to the interpretation of data, their lack, complexity of processing, inconsistency with the real state of affairs, is associated precisely with the initial spatial approach to research, that is, with the sphere of epistemological tools of the thinking style.

This work describes the experimental results of a study of tritium generation and release from the lithium capillary porous system (CPS) under neutron irradiation. The experiments were performed at the IVG1.M research reactor (Kurchatov, Kazakhstan) at a power level of 6 MW and temperatures from 325 to 840 °С. The studies were performed using two modes: with constant pumping out of the experimental ampoule device (differential mode) and with tritium accumulation in ampoule device (AD) with absence of the pumping out (integrated mode). The diffusion coefficients of free tritium atoms in liquid lithium under neutron irradiation were obtained. The Arrhenius dependence of free tritium atoms diffusion coefficient in lithium was derived as D = 0.17 · e x p ( − 145 / R T ) .

Using rat model of coronary occlusion, we studied pharmacokinetics and the efficiency of a new radiopharmaceutical agent 99mTc-PDA-DTPA intended for diagnostics of changes in myocardial metabolism and its analogue 123I-PMPDA. 99mTc-PDA-DTPA was eliminated mostly by the kidneys and maximal concentration in the heart was attained within 60 min after intravenous injection; no accumulation in the area of myocardial infarction was observed. The studied substance was inferior to its analogue 123I-PMPDA by the quality of scintigraphic visualization of the heart.

Chronic continuous normobaric hypoxia (CNH) increases cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo and this effect is mediated via µ and delta2 opioid receptors (ORs) activation. CNH has also been shown to be cardioprotective in isolated rat heart. In this study, we hypothesize that this cardioprotective effect of CNH is mediated by activation of µ and delta2 ORs and preservation of mitochondrial function. Hearts from rats adapted to CNH (12 % oxygen) for 3 weeks were extracted, perfused in the Langendorff mode and subjected to 45 min of global ischemia and 30 min of reperfusion. Intervention groups were pretreated for 10 min with antagonists for different OR types: naloxone (300 nmol/l), the selective delta OR antagonist TIPP(psi) (30 nmol/l), the selective delta1 OR antagonist BNTX (1 nmol/l), the selective delta2 OR antagonist naltriben (1 nmol/l), the selective peptide µ OR antagonist CTAP (100 nmol/l) and the selective delta OR antagonist nor-binaltorphimine (3 nmol/l). Creatine kinase activity in coronary effluent and cardiac contractile function were monitored to assess cardiac injury and functional impairment. Additionally, cardiac tissue was collected to measure ATP and to isolate mitochondria to measure respiration rate and calcium retention capacity. Adaptation to CNH decreased myocardial creatine kinase release during reperfusion and improved the postischemic recovery of contractile function. Additionally, CNH improved mitochondrial state 3 and uncoupled respiration rates, ADP/O, mitochondrial transmembrane potential and calcium retention capacity and myocardial ATP level during reperfusion compared to the normoxic group. These protective effects were completely abolished by naloxone, TIPP(psi), naltriben, CTAP but not BNTX or nor-binaltorphimine. These results suggest that cardioprotection associated with adaptation to CNH is mediated by µ and delta2 opioid receptors activation and preservation of mitochondrial function.

We studied the role of opioid receptor subtypes in improvement of the functional state of the heart during reperfusion after adaptation to continuous normobaric hypoxia. To this end, male Wistar rats were subjected to continuous normobaric hypoxia (12% O2). Then, the hearts were isolated and exposed to total 45-min ischemia followed by 30-min reperfusion. Opioid receptor antagonists were added to the perfusion solution prior to ischemia. It was found that continuous normobaric hypoxia reduced the release of creatine phosphokinase into the effluent, increased myocardial contractile force, and decreased the end-diastolic pressure during reperfusion; these positive effects were related to activation of cardiac δ2- and μ-opioid receptors.

The present research is devoted to the assessment of the ecological conditions of the “Opukskiy” reserve (Republic of Crimea, RF) under the conditions of increasing anthropogenic pressure. The development of ecological tourism on the territory of natural reserves is one of the vectors of development of the system of protected areas in Russia. However, this is associated with an increase in anthropogenic impact on these objects. To correctly account for the permissible anthropogenic pressures, strict monitoring measures are required to control environmental conditions. The work is based on the material obtained over three years (2017– 2019) in the framework of scientific practices for students of St. Petersburg State University. As a result of the work, a map of the distribution of heavy metals in the soils of the reserve was compiled. The regularities of migration of pollutants in soils are described and the vulnerability to pollution is substantiated. The stages of anthropogenic digression of plant communities have been determined. The consequences of tourism development are assessed. Recommendations for the regulation of tourism are given.

Aim was to study the performance of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with 99mTc-pyrophosphate (99mTc-PYP) in diagnostics of chronic latent inflammation in myocardium of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The research included 70 patients (the average age of 49.3 ± 10.2 years) with persistent form of idiopathic AF. All patients underwent myocardium SPECT with 99mTc-PYP and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) before the ablation. During the ablation endomyocardium sampling for histological and immunohistochemical verification of myocarditis was performed. Sensitivity of SPECT with 99mTc-PYP in diagnoses of chronic latent myocarditis in patients with AF in relation to endomyocardial biopsy was 80 %, specificity—83 % and diagnostic accuracy—82 %. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of myocardium perfusion scintigraphy for diagnostics of latent myocarditis in relation to endomyocardial biopsy was 30, 50 and 50 % correspondingly. Also the close correlation between the size of the perfusion defect and the severity of myocardial fibrosis in patients with AF was revealed. Specificity of the Lake Louise criteria for diagnostics of latent myocarditis in relation to endomyocardial biopsy was 77.6 %, sensitivity—60 % and diagnostic accuracy—74.5 %. For only LGE specificity was 16 %, sensitivity—90 % and diagnostic accuracy—28 %. The study showed the possibility of successful application of radionuclide methods for diagnoses of chronic latent myocarditis at AF. Taking into account high informative values the results of scintigraphy can be also considered as a promising additional criteria for selecting patients with AF of unexplained etiology for non-invasive endomyocardial biopsy procedure.

Investigations have been carried out into creation of reagent for labeled norfloxacin hydrochloride (NFH).Methods: The NFH synthesized in the Institute of Organic Synthesis (Ekaterinburg) was used in this research. The effect of the mixture components on the radiochemical specimen purity was assessed using the method of thin-layer chromatography.Results: The inflammation animal model was used to demonstrate the NFH functional eligibility for diagnostics of inflammatory processes.

Background: Nonpulsatile blood flow plays an important role in the pathogenesis of renal dysfunction in patients with extracorporeal circulation. In our opinion, hypoxic preconditioning (HP) can be used to protect kidneys from postsurgical dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate nephroprotective efficacy of HP in myocardial revascularization with extracorporeal circulation. Methods: The randomized, controlled trial was performed in 63 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Thirty-three patients were subjected to HP during CABG; 30 patients were included in the comparison group. All patients underwent dynamic renal scintigraphy with 99mТc-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and were subjected to measuring the concentration of lipocalin in blood serum before and after CABG. Results: After CABG, the mean values of the total glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and GFR for each kidney significantly decreased only in patients of the comparison group. Significant increases in the concentration of serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin occurred 5 h after surgery both in the group with HP (70.65 ± 46.71 to 127.58 ± 98.46 ng/ml) and in the comparison group (65.01 ± 38.64 to 171.65 ± 89.91 ng/ml). At the same time, the mean difference values between pre- and postoperative lipocalin levels were 56.94 ± 51.75 ng/ml in the study group and 106.64 ± 51.27 ng/ml in the comparison group; these differences were highly statistically significant (р = 0.004). Conclusion: The results of our study showed that (i) HP exerts nephroprotection in patients undergoing on-pump CABG, and (ii) determination of the lipocalin-2 level can be used for early diagnosis of acute kidney injury in cardiac surgery patients.

Intravenous injection of nonselective antagonists of opioid receptors (OR) naltrexone (5 mg/kg) and naloxone methiodide (5 mg/kg), selective δ1-OR antagonist BNTX (0.7 mg/kg), selective δ2-OR blocker naltriben (0.3 mg/kg), selective κ-OR antagonist norbinaltorphimine (2 mg/kg), and selective blocker of ORL1 opioid receptors JTC-801 (0.1 mg/kg) produced no effect on reperfusion injury to the heart in rats narcotized with α-chloralose. In contrast, selective μ-OR antagonist CTAP (1 mg/kg) limited the infarct size, although this effect was not observed at a lower CTAP concentration of 0.1 mg/kg. Probably, the myocardial infarct size-limiting effect of CTAP was associated with activation of the non-opioid receptors. It was hypothesized that endogenous OR agonists did not affect heart resistance to reperfusion injury in unadapted rats.

The article presents a new methodology for the internal differentiation of technogenic objects (ash and slag dumps) based on ecological and geological studies of soils, bottom sediments, surface and underground waters, based on the allocation of three zones with various permissible types of nature management in their territory. The first zone (I) is the territory directly connected with the technogenic object (the bottom of the dump); the allocation of borders of the first kind is justified by the data of the cadastral division of land and the results of route surveys. The second zone (II) is the territory of the active manifestation of the impact of the object, which has a visual manifestation (the area of wind separation, the area of accumulation of solid surface runoff, the zone of drying or inhibition of the natural stand and growth), at the initial stages of the process of natural assimilation of exposure and/or at the initial stages of regression, first of all, phytocenosis. The third zone (III) represents the territory of active natural assimilation (general dispersion and/or concentration on natural geochemical barriers) of ash and slag material products (primarily, scattering flows of heavy metals and other pollutants). An analysis of the results of this work made it possible to specify the types of environmental protection measures that are carried out depending on the identified geochemical zones, the use of which—within the framework of projects of improvement and environmental monitoring of the sanitary protection zone—will significantly reduce the costs of nature users. The rationalization of the economic and legal components is associated with a decrease in the areas for a specific type of work, and all the activities of the nature user in the controlled territory.

In the article the method for assessing the economic sustainability of a high-tech corporation has been developed. It is based on using dynamic systems to assess the effect of uncertainties on the sustainable development of a corporation during the implementation of unique projects. The integrated indicator of the economic sustainability of the high-tech corporation is based on the system of economic indicators related to the operation of the high-tech corporation and the information about the uncertainties of the external and internal economic environment. The suggested method includes a system of indicators that assess the corporation sustainability at a certain moment, and the tools that make it possible to use this system of indicators during the whole period of the corporation’s operation, taking into account the effect of multidirectional uncertainties that differ by the effect degree, in order to determine scenarios for the development of the corporation depending on the degree of effect caused by uncertainty factors on its functioning, and to assess the efficiency of the assumed management decisions on resisting these factors.

Analytical data on samples of bottom sediments of the Novaya river watercourse made it possible to identify areas of pollution, sources of pollution and determine the nature of the influence of the anthropogenic factor on the state of the river. It was found that bottom sediments are divided into slightly polluted, moderately polluted, and dangerously polluted. Soils on the total indicator of pollution belong to the permissible category. The list of defined indicators includes: hydrogen index (pH), total metal content (cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, zinc), arsenic, petroleum products, benz(a)pyrene, ammonium nitrogen, phosphate ion, organic matter. Based on the results of the interpretation of the laboratory data, it was found that in accordance with the Regional standard, the precipitation the majority of samples are slightly polluted; at some samples, are moderately polluted; at a quarter of samples are dangerously polluted.

The cost of production of sunflower is determined by the number of operations for its cultivation as well as the manufacturing charges for them. The extraneous matter content of the hopper sunflower heap is the factor that can increase the cost of sunflower production. In connection with that, it is advisable to reach the minimum values of the extraneous matter content in the hopper heap during sunflower harvesting. The article substantiates the design of the sieve with additional holes which is installed as an additional cleaning stage in the combine harvester. Adjustable sieve holes have a shape similar to the longitudinal shape of oilseeds. The area of the sieve hole can be adjusted depending on the type or variety of sunflower, which will significantly reduce the extraneous matter content in the hopper heap. To analyze the sieve performance, a check sample was made which was installed as an additional cleaning stage on the “Niva” SK-5-M-1 and “Vector 410” grain combine harvesters. The analysis is presented of the extraneous matter content in the hopper heap with the use of an additional sieve with a different area of adjustable holes and without it.

A new design of powerful high-voltage high-current impulse source for nanosecond megavolt charging of short forming lines (SFLs) is proposed. The first stage of the device is based on inductive energy storage. It accumulates energy supplied by the current of magnetic flux compression generator (MCG), whereas the electro-explosive opening switch is used for the energy output into intermediate SFL. In the second stage, we use a Tesla transformer with oil insulation. The results of the earlier experimental study of submegavolt charging of intermediate forming line as well as the results of calculations of the two-stage facility given in this paper demonstrate the feasibility of the device based on MCGs for nanosecond charging of SFL up to about 3 MV.

Analyzed is the relation of the trajectories of zones of hazardous waves in the North Atlantic to prevailing patterns of atmospheric circulation basing on the ERA-Interim reanalysis data. It is demonstrated that these trajectories depend on the combination of the phases of the North Atlantic and East Atlantic oscillations. Obtained are the characteristics of deep cyclones in the North Atlantic in winter (December–February) in 1989–2008.

This article is focused on methods of digital geoecological maps construction with using GIS ArcGIS technologies. The technique of GIS ArcGIS mapping is illustrated by examples of GIS maps of radioactive and chemical pollution in the snow cover on the territory of St. Petersburg’s (Russia). The geostatistic and deterministic approaches were applied for interpolation of input data. The input data were presented by the coordinates of points located on territory according to the scheme of measurements. The most optimal amount of classification intervals describing the natural processes and the phenomena of all-over distribution on the geoeclogical GIS maps is the 3–5 intervals of the parameter that will be considered. The borders of classes of intervals are set in depend on existing normative of pollution in different components of environment and empirical character of study parameter distribution on territory under consideration.

Characteristics of wind and waves are computed using the data of instrumental observations on the moored buoys in the northeastern part of the North Atlantic during the cold periods (November–March) of 2009–2013. Their comparison is carried out for different phases of the North Atlantic and East Atlantic oscillations and for the combinations of these phases.

The lands that turned out to be unclaimed for agrarian production pass into the category of waste, due to the spread of weeds on them. At the first stage, such lands pass through a wild grass stage with typical weed-field vegetation, where annual dicotyledons predominate, subsequently these plants are supplanted by perennial grasses, overgrown with shrubs and tree growth, and waste lands become uncultivated deposits. The presence of vegetation cover with a height of 1-1.7 m not only complicates the conduct of mechanical tillage, but also requires large amounts of energy. On lands left out of agricultural use, there is a noticeable change in soil properties. All agrochemical parameters of deposits have a lower value than arable land. On abandoned fields, along with a decrease in nutrients in the soil, there is a change in water and air conditions, which complicates the process of tilling. Entering abandoned fields in crop rotation for the production of agricultural products is an important economic problem of the day. The aim of the work is to develop the technology of the main tillage and dump plow for its implementation, ensuring the incorporation of tall plants in abandoned fields at low energy costs and high agrotechnical indicators.

We propose a novel approach to the recognition of particular classes of non-conventional events in signals from phase-sensitive optical time-domain-reflectometry-based sensors. Our algorithmic solution has two main features: filtering aimed at the de-nosing of signals and a Gaussian mixture model to cluster them. We test the proposed algorithm using experimentally measured signals. The results show that two classes of events can be distinguished with the best-case recognition probability close to 0.9 at sufficient numbers of training samples., Comment: 4 pages; published version

A fiber-pumped single-frequency microchip erbium laser was developed and characterized with the aim of using it in coherent Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (OTDR) measurements and sensing. The laser is pumped by a fiber-coupled 976 nm laser diode and provides 8 mW TEM00 single frequency output power at 1.54 µm wavelength, suitable for efficient coupling to optical fibers. The amplitude and phase noise of this 200 THz oscillator were experimentally investigated and a Relative Intensity Noise (RIN) control loop was developed providing 27 dB RIN peak reduction at the relaxation oscillation frequency of 800 kHz