1. Predation of Atlantic salmon across ontogenetic stages and impacts on populations
- Author
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Falkegard, Morten, Lennox, Robert J., Thorstad, Eva B., Einum, Sigurd, Fiske, Peder, Garmo, Oyvind A., Garseth, Ase H., Skoglund, Helge, Solberg, Monica F., Utne, Kjell R., Vollset, Knut W., Vollestad, Leif Asbjorn, Wennevik, Vidar, and Forseth, Torbjorn
- Subjects
Atlantic salmon -- Environmental aspects ,Predation (Biology) -- Environmental aspects ,Earth sciences - Abstract
Managers and stakeholders increasingly ask whether predation is a driving force behind the poor status of many species, and whether predator control is likely to be a successful management action to intervene. We review existing literature on Atlantic salmon Salmo salar predation and predator control, as well as general ecological theory on the role of predation in the life cycle of this iconic fish. Many bird, mammal, and fish predators target salmon at different life stages. In healthy salmon populations, predation is likely compensated for by reduced intraspecific competition during the freshwater stage. There is little evidence that predation alone has been an underlying mechanism for driving salmon populations below conservation limits. However, depending on the predator's response to salmon abundance, predation may keep decimated populations from recovering, even when the actual causes of decline have been removed. Under such a scenario, predation control may contribute to recovery, but there are no strong examples that clearly demonstrate the efficacy of managing predators to recover threatened salmon populations, challenging further applications. Key words: predators, predation impact, predator species, Salmo salar, stock recovery, Introduction Few species on the planet inspire as much fascination and sympathy as the Atlantic salmon Salmo salar. Salmon is a symbol of the native ecosystems in the North Atlantic [...]
- Published
- 2023
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