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Objectives:Cardio-renal syndrome type 1 (CRS1) complicates 40% of patients hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) and is associated with poor prognosis. Factors associated with the development and recovery of CRS1 have not been completely understood, and the value of cystatin C in this context has not been studied.Materials and Methods:We evaluated the predictive value of cystatin C levels at admission and 24thhour and deltacystatin C (cystatin C change in the first 24 hours of admission) in the development and reversibility of CRS1 in patients hospitalized for ADHF. One hundred ten consecutive patients hospitalized for ADHF were enrolled.Results:Admission cystatin C [odds ratio (OR): 30.97, confidence interval (CI): 9.28-139.60, pConclusion:This study demonstrated the potential value of cystatin C and delta-cystatin C in CRS1. Further studies are required to determine the clinical utility of these findings.

Objective: Conventional coronary angiography (CCA) and coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) are the most frequently used imaging modalities to diagnose coronary artery disease (CAD). The amount of radiation and genotoxic damage of these imaging methods showed variation with the improved technology. Thus we sought to compare the ionizing radiation doses and radiation-induced DNA damage in patients who were performed CCA and CCTA. Methods: A total of 76 patients (39 in CCA group, 37 in CCTA group) were enrolled. Patients undergoing CCTA were grouped according to the use of the flash technique (22 patients with CCTA-flash, 15 patients with CCTA-other). The effective radiation dose was recorded. Genotoxicity was compared with the chromosome aberration tests before and after imaging methods. Results: There was a significant difference between the groups in effective radiation doses given to patients. Radiation was lowest in the CCTA-flash group, followed by CCA, and non-flash CCTA group. There was no change in chromosome aberration rate after CCTA-flash group (p= 0.479). There was a significant increase in chromosome aberration rates after CCA and CCTA-other groups (CCA: p= 0.001; CCTA-other: p= 0.01). Conclusion: CCTA taken with flash technique in dual-energy CT devices delivers lower dose radiation than other groups. Due to this significant difference, radiation-induced genetic damage was significantly less in patients with CCTA undergoing flash technique.

Objective: The present study aimed to assess the influence of hypomagnesemia (hypoMg) on the risk of developing contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) after coronary angiography. Methods: This is a single-center prospective, observational study conducted at a tertiary referral hospital. Between December 31, 2016, and February 28, 2021, 223 patients who had undergone coronary angiography procedures and had preprocedural baseline Mg levels were enrolled in this study. CIN was defined as an increase of >0.5 mg/dl or >25 % in serum creatinine concentration over baseline within 48-72 h after administration. HypoMg was defined as Mg< 1.60 mg/dL. Results: Of 223 patients enrolled, CIN occurred in 28 patients (12.6%). CIN occurred in 36.4 % of the patients with hypoMg and 11.3 % of those with non-hypoMg (P=0.02). Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that baseline Mg levels were independent predictors of CIN. Conclusion: HypoMg was associated with an increased risk for CIN. These results suggest magnesium replacement in hypomagnesemia may be beneficially indicated before diagnostic/interventional studies using contrast media.

Bu çalışmada amacımız COVID-19 pnömoni sonrası 3. ayda oluşan akciğer bulgularını bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) ile değerlendirmektir. Mart 2019 – Aralık 2021 tarihleri arasında hastanemize başvuran, COVID-19 enfeksiyonu nedeniyle tedavi edilen ve kontrol görüntülemesi yapılan olgular retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, altta yatan komorbidite, pnömoni şiddeti, semptom başlangıç zamanı, hastane yatışı ve yatış süresi bilgileri kaydedildi. Hastaların tanı anında ve ortalama 3 ay sonra çekilen toraks BT görüntüleri değerlendirildi. BT şiddet skorlaması her bir akciğer lobuna 0-5 aralığında puan verilerek 0-25 arasında puanlandı. Tek değişkenli ve çok değişkenli logistic regresiyon analizi ile akciğerde persisten anormallik oluşumu için risk faktörleri araştırıldı. Toplamda 62 hasta (33 erkek, 29 kadın; ortalama yaş 55,2±13,2; yaş aralığı 31-80) çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastalar total rezolüsyon (27/62; %44) ve rezidü (35/62; %56) grubu olarak ikiye ayrıldı. Rezidü grubunda kontrol BT’de en sık görülen bulgular buzlu cam opasitesi (25/35; %71) ardından parankimal bant (24/35; %69) idi. Retikülasyon (4/35; %11) ve plevral kalınlaşma (14/35; %40) sadece kontrol BT’de görülen bulgulardı. Volüm kaybı hem tanı BT’de (4/35; %11) hem de kontrol BT’de (8/35; %23) görüldü (p=0,344). İleri yaş (>50 yaş) (OR: 56,1 p=0,001) ve hastanede yatış süresinin (OR=1,3 p=0,03) rezidüel akciğer bulgularının oluşmasında bağımsız risk faktörleri olduğu saptandı. Post-COVID 3. ayda toraks BT’de persistan anormallik oluşma riski ileri yaşta (>50 yaş) ve hastanede yatış süresinin uzaması durumunda yüksektir. Persistan toraks BT bulgularının ne kadarının gerçek fibrozisi yansıttığı uzun dönem takip sonucu ortaya konabilir.

Bu çalışmanın amacı spiküle ve spiküle olmayan meme kanserinin MRG ve histopatolojik bulguları arasındaki ilişkiyi karşılaştırmaktır. Ocak 2014 ile Ocak 2018 arasında, mamografide BI-RADS kriterlerine göre 50 spiküle ve 40 spiküle olmayan kitle olarak ultrasonografi kılavuzluğunda biyopsi veya lumpektomi/mastektomi yapılan 90 kadın çalışmaya alındı. Meme kanserinin moleküler biyobelirteçlerini tanımlamak için östrojen reseptörü (ÖR), progesteron reseptörü (PR), HER2 ekspresyonu ve Ki67 indeksi kullanıldı. Korelasyonların istatistiksel önemini ölçmek için Pearson ki-kare testi yapıldı. İki grup arasında yaş açısından fark yoktu (p=0.331). Kitlelerin büyüklüğü iki grup arasında farklı değildi (p=0.244). Spiküle kitlelerde T2A görüntülerde (T2AG) daha fazla hipointens sinyal özelliği tespit edildi (p=0.004). MRG'de multifokal veya multisentrik tutulum, kitlesiz boyanma, periferik halkasal boyanma ve aksiller lenf nodu tutulumu açısından iki grup arasında fark yoktu (sırasıyla p=0.237, p=0.622, p=0.096, p=0.295 ve p=0.764). ÖR ve PR pozitifliği spiküle kitlelerde daha yüksekti (sırasıyla p=0.027 ve p=0.03). HER2 pozitifliği ve Ki67 indeksi için iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı (sırasıyla p=0.571 ve p=0.596).ÖR ve PR pozitifliği spiküle kitlelerde daha fazla olma eğilimindedir. Bu, hastalığın seyrini ve tedavinin etkinliğini tahmin etmede yardımcı olabilir.

Midazolam is one of the most commonly used drugs in procedures requiring sedoanalgesia. It affects the myocardium's ventricular depolarization and repolarization. Previous studies examining the arrhythmogenic effects of midazolam yielded conclusive results. These studies are based on QT and Tp -e distances. The frontal QRS-T angle (f-[QRS-T]a) is a new electro cardiac parameter that shows the heterogeneity of ventricular electrical activity. This study aims to examine the effect of midazolam on f-(QRS- T)a and other depolarization-repolarization parameters in patients who have had cataract surgery.The study included 177 patients administered midazolam as a sedoanalgesia during cataract surgery. The sedative effect was evaluated 2-3 minutes after a 0.05 mg/kg dose of midazolam was given. Sedation was assessed again by giving 0.5 mg every 2-3 minutes until the desired level of sedation was achieved. 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings of all patients were taken just before and immediately after surgery. ECGs were used to calculate the QT interval, QTc interval, Tp -e interval, Tp -e/QT, Tp -e/ QTc ratios and f-(QRS-T)a.After cataract surgery, f-(QRS-T)a was unchanged compared to presurgery (29.14 ± 4.52 vs. 29.18 ± 5.39, p = 0.852). In addition, no significant change in QT(351.32 ± 21.98 vs. 351.94 ± 22.44, p = 0.091), QTc (384.05 ± 24.52 vs. 385.19 ± 26.12, p = 0.819), Tp -e interval (93.12 ± 9.60 vs. 94.44 ± 8.82, p = 0.179) and Tp -e/QT (0.27 ± 0.02 vs. 0.28 ± 0.03, p = 0.664), Tp -e/ QTc ratios (0.28 ± 0.02 vs. 0.29 ± 0.03, p = 0.655) was observed after surgery when compared to presurgery values. Significant ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias were not observed in any patient during the operation.Midazolam did not affect f -(QRS-T) with classical repolarization parameters in patients who underwent cataract surgery, according to this study. Midazolam has been found to be safe for the heart in sedoanalgesia. These results show that sedation with midazolam can be performed without electrocardiogram monitoring.

Aim: Transradial angiography (TRA) is recommended in clinical practice; it is better than the transfemoral route to prevent site-related complications. Radial artery occlusion is one of the most seen significant complications after TRA. In the present study, the protective effect of low dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) use against the radial artery occlusion (RAO) and the predictive ability of some thrombotic and inflammatory factors for the development of RAO were investigated. Material and Method: One thousand two hundred fifty-four patients who planned for elective coronary angiography were screened to include transradial coronary angiography. The patients have grouped group I, who took ASA (100 mg) (n= 56), and group II (n= 51), who did not. Blood samples were taken immediately after sheath insertion and after the six hours of the sheath removal. The D-dimer and C-reactive protein values were analyzed between groups. In the first 24 hours after the procedure, the radial Doppler ultrasonography assessment was performed to detect RAO. Multivariable regression analysis was used to evaluate the independent risk factors for the TRA. Results: Eligible one hundred seven stable patients were included in the study. The demographic, laboratory and procedural characteristics were similar between the two groups (Table 2). TRA was statistically lower in Group I compared to Group II. (n=3 vs. n=22, p=.001). Multivariable regression analysis demonstrated that postprocedural higher D-dimer levels and non-ASA status were found to be the independent risk factors for RAO (OR (95% CI=1.235(1.014-1.582) p=.001, 5.534 (3.376-9.252), p .05). Conclusion: Preprocedural ASA use may have a protective role against the RAO. Pre- and post-procedural D-dimer levels can predict the thrombotic process in the early phase of the RAO.

Background The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of vitamin K antagonist (VKA) therapy on coronary artery calcification (CAC) by comparing long-term VKA users with metallic prosthetic valves (MPVs) and VKA-free patients undergoing coronary calcium scoring for cardiovascular (CV) risk stratification. Methods A total of 108 patients (43 VKA users with MPV and 65 gender-, age-, and risk-factor-matched VKA-free patients) were included in the study. CAC was determined via computed tomography (CT) and quantified on the basis of the Agatston score. The VKA group comprised patients who had an MPV for longer than 5 years, which entailed long-term VKA use. Results Long-term VKA users had more calcified coronary arteries compared with the control group (178.1 +/- 278 vs. 61.1 +/- 130.6,p= 0.01). There was no difference between groups in terms of traditional CV risk factors. The mean duration of VKA use was 15 +/- 7 years for the patients with MPV. There was no correlation between the duration of VKA use and mean Agatston score (r= 0.2,p= 0.215). Conclusion With its unique selection of patient groups, our study extends the findings of previous research that long-term VKA use is related to CAC as detected via CT scanning. The longer and more potent VKA regimen required for MPV patients is the primary cause of CAC in this group.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of volume overload on echocardiographic parameters used for the assessment of the right ventricle (RV) and right atrium (RA), to determine volume-independent parameters and to noninvasively investigate the physio-mechanics of RV and RA by examining end-stage kidney patients before and after hemodialysis (HD). METHODS The echocardiographic images were obtained from 67 patients (49.2 ± 17.3 years, 23 f) before and after HD. Changes in echocardiographic parameters with HD were examined. The average ultrafiltrated volume was 3088.1 ± 1103.7 mL. RESULTS The size of RV and RA and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) decreased after HD, whereas myocardial performance index increased. RV fractional area change and iso-volumetric contraction acceleration time remained unchanged. RV global longitudinal strain (GLS) and RV early diastolic strain rate (SR) decreased after HD. Systolic and late diastolic SR of the RV showed no statistically significant difference after HD. Longitudinal strain and SR of RA contraction were not significantly different after HD. The changes in RV GLS (r = .641, P = .027), RV free wall longitudinal strain (r = .643, P

Background: Circulating troponin levels are both stable and higher in patients with end-stage renal disease, even in the absence of acute coronary syndrome. These patients commonly have underlying cardiac problems that frequently cause troponin elevation. The effect of hemodialysis (HD) on troponin levels has not been well elucidated. Thus, investigated herein is the relationship between the changes in troponin levels along with left ventricular deformation and volume depletion in patients with end-stage renal disease. Methods: Patients included were between 18 and 85 years of age and were receiving hemodialysis for at least 6 months. High sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) levels were studied in blood samples taken at the beginning and end of HD. Two-dimensional speckle tracking strain imaging was used to evaluate myocardial contractility. Results: Seventy patients (50.7 ± 16.9 years of age, 27 women) were included in study. The mean volume of ultrafiltration was 3260 ± 990 mL. A significant increase in circulating hs-cTnT levels was observed, as well as a prominent decrease in left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS) after HD (52.4 ± 40.2 ng/L vs. 66.8 ± 48.5 ng/L, p < 0.001 and 20.1 ± 3.6% vs. 16.8 ± 3.8% p < 0.001, respectively). Moreover, ultrafiltration rate and GLS were found as the strongest independent variables in relation to the relative increase in hs-cTnT. Conclusions: Hemodialysis can cause a significant increase in hsTnT. This can jeopardize the accuracy of clinical diagnoses based on hs-TnT measurements. GLS may be used as a determinant of this hs-TnT increase. The influence of HD on the cardiovascular system should be kept in mind to prevent unnecessary interventions.

Kalp yetersizligi, insan yasam omrunun uzamasi, kullanilan ilac ve ilac disi tedaviler ve ilerleyen tetkik ve tani yontemleri nedeniyle klinik hayatimizda karsimiza daha fazla cikmaktadir. Bu kitapta kalp yetersizligi tanisini, baska hastaliklar ile iliskisini, tedavisinde kullanilan ilac, cihaz ve cerrahi yontemleri pratik bilgiler de sunarak anlatmaya calistik. Kardiyoloji, Ic Hastaliklari ve Aile Hekimligi uzmanlari basta olmak uzere kalp yetersizligi ile ilgilenen tum hekim arkadaslarin ilgiyle okuyacaklarini dusunmekteyiz.Bu sebeple son yayin ve kilavuzlar isiginda kalp yetersizligi ile iliskili guncel verileri iceren “Kalp Yetersizliginde Pratik Bilgiler” isimli kitabimizi siz okuyucularimiza kazandirmaktan gurur duyuyoruz.Kalp yetersizligi ile ilgilenen hekim arkadaslarimiza faydali olacagini umdugumuz kitabin bolumlerin yazilmasinda emegi gecen tum degerli meslektaslarimiza tesekkur ederiz.

Introduction: the Mediterranean diet (MD) and ideal body weight are associated with a reduction in the risk of chronic diseases, but their association with health-related quality of life (HRQL) is not clear. Objective: the aim of this study was to assess the association between adherence to MD and the HRQL and anthropometric measurements in coronary artery disease patients. Methods: this cross-sectional study was carried out in 55 women and 84 men who were diagnosed with coronary artery disease by a physician. Anthropometric indices were measured, MD adherence was evaluated with a 14-item questionnaire and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used for HRQL. Results: mean age in males was 63.0 ± 9.7 years and mean age in females was 63.1 ± 10.1 years. Prevalence of overweight and obesity was 53.5% and 40.5%, respectively, in men and 14.5% and 83.6%, respectively, in women. Adherence to the MD was assessed and the median values were found statistically higher in male patients (p0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between MD and all physical component summary (PCS, its subscale) and most mental component summary (MCS) (except emotional role, social health subscale) (p0.05). Inverse significant associations were found between BMI, waist circumference, waist/height ratio, percent of body fat and both PCS and MCS (including most subscales). Conclusion: adoption of healthy dietary habits (adherence to the Mediterranean diet) by the participants and optimal anthropometric measurements may be considered as a possible contributor to HRQL.Introducción: la dieta mediterránea (DM) y el peso corporal ideal se asocian con una reducción en el riesgo de enfermedades crónicas, pero su asociación con la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) no está clara. Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la asociación entre la adherencia a la DM y la CVRS y las mediciones antropométricas en pacientes con enfermedad arterial coronaria. Métodos: este estudio transversal se llevó a cabo en 55 mujeres y 84 hombres que fueron diagnosticados con enfermedad de las arterias coronarias por un médico. Se midieron los índices antropométricos, se evaluó la adherencia a la DM con un cuestionario de 14 ítems y se utilizó el cuestionario de salud SF-36 para la CVRS. Resultados: la edad media de los hombres fue de 63,0 ± 9,7 y la edad media de las mujeres fue de 63,1 ± 10,1. La prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad fue del 53,5% y 40,5%, respectivamente, en hombres y del 14,5% y 83,6%, respectivamente, en mujeres. Se evaluó la adherencia a la DM y los valores de la mediana fueron estadísticamente más altos en los pacientes varones (p0,05). Se encontró una correlación positiva significativa (p0,05) entre la DM y el resumen general del componente físico (PCS, subescala) y la mayor parte del resumen del componente mental (MCS), excepto el subpeso emocional y la subescala de salud social. Hubo una correlación negativa entre el IMC, la circunferencia de la cintura, la relación cintura/estatura, el porcentaje de grasa corporal y PCS y MCS (incluida la mayoría de las subescalas). Conclusión: la adopción de hábitos alimentarios saludables (adherencia a la dieta mediterránea) por parte de los participantes y las mediciones antropométricas óptimas pueden considerarse como un posible contribuyente a la CVRS.

Objective Ultrafiltration rate is one of the major determinants of adverse outcomes in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) therapy. Previous studies have focused on the impact of HD on right ventricular (RV) peak strain values. However, the influence of HD on the temporal characteristics of deformation has not been reported yet. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of high ultrafiltration rate (HUR) on RV mechanical dyssynchrony. Methods Echocardiographic images focused on the RV and left ventricle (LV) were obtained from 60 patients (49.2+-17.3 years, 22 female) before and after HD. Patients were divided into two groups according to ultrafiltration rate. Changes in echocardiographic parameters with HD were examined. Two-dimensional speckle-tracking strain analysis was used to assess deformation. Mechanical dispersion was measured as the standard deviation of time to peak longitudinal strain of six segments for RV and 18 segments for LV. Results The average ultrafiltrated volume and ultrafiltration rate were 3000.1+-1007.9 mL and 11.4+-2.9 mL/kg/h, respectively. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) of the RV and LV decreased after HD in both groups. A significant difference was observed in RV mechanical dispersion with HD for patients in the high ultrafiltration group. A mild statistically insignificant increase in LV mechanical dispersion was also observed after HD. Conclusion HUR has a substantial impact on LV and RV GLS and RV dyssynchrony. Ultrafiltration rates and volumes should be kept as low as possible to achieve hemodynamic stability and tolerability.

A radiological sign can sometimes resemble a particular object or pattern and is often highly suggestive of a group of similar pathologies. Awareness of such similarities can shorten the differential diagnosis list. Many such signs have been described for X-ray and computed tomography (CT) images. In this article, we present the most frequently encountered plain film and CT signs in chest imaging. These signs include for plain films the air bronchogram sign, silhouette sign, deep sulcus sign, Continuous diaphragm sign, air crescent ("meniscus") sign, Golden S sign, cervicothoracic sign, Luftsichel sign, scimitar sign, doughnut sign, Hampton hump sign, Westermark sign, and juxtaphrenic peak sign, and for CT the gloved finger sign, CT halo sign, signet ring sign, comet tail sign, CT angiogram sign, crazy paving pattern, tree-in-bud sign, feeding vessel sign, split pleura sign, and reversed halo sign.

Aretained surgical sponge (gossypiboma, textiloma) is a rare complication of surgery. Radiological appearances of textilomas change according to the type of the reaction they cause in the body. Patients are usually asymptomatic for a long time after the operation. Most reports in the literature relate to the US and CT appearances of textilomas in the abdomen. However, there are a few reports describing findings of intrathoracic textilomas. We report the radiologic findings of intrathoracic textilomas in three cases.

Accuracy of Malcoaptation Area in Aortic Regurgitation for Evaluation of Aortic Regurgitation Severity. Fariba Bayat, Erfan Naghshbandi, Niloufar Samiei, Mehdi Nazmdeh, Saeed Nateghi, Amirsaeed Karimi. Cardiovascular Research Center.Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cardiovascular Research Center of Rajaee Hospital, Tehran, Iran; Emergency Deparment of Hasheminejad Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Figure. Subject: The measurement of malcoaptation Surface Area assessed by trans-esophageal echocardiography has been introduced to differentiate severity of Aortic regurgitation(AR), but its value has not been accurately determined. The present study aimed to determine the accuracy of malcoaptation area in Aortic Regurgitation for evaluation of AR severity. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 88 patients with aortic regurgitation referred to our hospital in 2013 were assessed. These patients were randomly selected from all patients who undergoing transthoracic echocardiography and then were assessed by trans-esophageal echocardiography for further assessment of the status of aortic valve regarding Malcoaptation Surface Area. Results: According to the area under the ROC curve analysis, the accuracy of Malcoaptation Surface Area for detection of severe aortic regurgitation was 97% that in cutoff point of 0.3 yielded a sensitive of 80.0% and a specificity of 100% for discriminating severe aortic regurgitation. The accuracy of Malcoaptation Surface Area for detection of mild aortic regurgitation was 96% so the cutoff point of 0.1 for Malcoaptation Surface Area yielded a sensitive of 89.7% and a specificity of 98.3%. Considering a range of 0.1 to 0.3 for Malcoaptation Surface Area yielded a sensitive of 96.6% and a specificity of 84.7% for discriminating moderate aortic regurgitation. Conclusion: Malcoaptation Surface Area is a reliable index for evaluation of AR severity, with the defined cut off points.

Background Lips and mouth are the most recognizable parts of the lower face. The morphometry of the facial organs is important for the balance of the face. Besides congenital anomalies occur on the lips, some kinds of deformities might be seen because of trauma or carcinoma. In this respect, lips are in the study of plastic surgery, maxillofacial surgery and orthodontics. Lip morphology also takes an important role in forensic facial reconstruction (facial approximation). Materials and methods Twenty parameters on the soft tissue and 12 parameters on the hard tissue were measured on three dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) images belonging 50 individuals (25 female, mean age 35.40 ± 9.97; 25 male, mean age 34.32 ± 11.06). Results Statistical significance was observed on 4 parameters measured at soft tissue and 6 parameters measured in hard tissue. Statistical significance was not seen between the measurements taken bilaterally. Fourteen equations were developed in order to estimate the lip morphometry using the morphometric traits of hard tissue. Conclusion We hope that the results of current study will be useful at surgery and forensic sciences.

Giriş: Robinow sendromu, kol ve bacaklarda kısalığın olduğu cücelik, vertebral malsegmentasyon/malformasyon (hemivertebra), kosta displazisi, genital hipoplazi ve fötal yüz görünümü (geniş ve belirgin ön kafa, hipertelorizm, küçük geniş burun, molar hipoplazi, retrognati) ile karakterize bir sendromdur. Hafif otozomal dominant ve şiddetli resesif formlarının tanımlandığı nadir görülen genetik bir hastalıktır. Vertebra ve kosta anormallikleri sıktır, tanısaldır ve şiddetli olabilir. Kifoskolyoz ve göğüs anomalileri, torasik vertebralarda füzyon ve hemivertebra görünümleri vardır. Kostalarda füzyon görülebilir. Bu tutulumlara göre hastalık, spondilotorasik, spondilokostal, iskiovertebral displazi ve servikofasiotorasik sendrom olarak gruplandırılabilir. Tanı klinik özelliklere göre konulmaktadır. Radyolojik inceleme, iskelet sistemindeki değişikliklerle tanıya yardımcı olmaktadır. Olgu Sunumu: Üç yaşındaki erkek olgu opere sol inmemiş testis ve gömülü penis nedeniyle başvurdu. Fizik muayenesinde ek olarak makrosefali, hipertelorizm, belirgin gözler, basık burun kökü, üçgen-balık ağız ve gingival hipertrofi ile karakterize dismorfik yüz görünümü ve sol elde klinodaktili vardı. Radyografik incelemede radius ve ulnada mezomelik kısalık, torakal vertebrada malsegmentasyon ve kostalarda füzyon görüldü. Tartışma: Robinow sendromu, nadir görülen, tipik yüz görünümü ve radyolojik bulgularıyla tanısı konulabilen bir sendromdur. Introduction: Robinow syndrome is characterized by dwarfism demonstrating short-limbed extremities, vertebral malsegmentation/malformation (hemivertebra), costal dysplasia, genital hypoplasia, and fetal facial appearance (wide and prominent forehead, hypertelorism, small and wide nose, molar hypoplasia, and retrognathia). It is a rare genetic disease which may present with either mild autosomal dominant form or severe recessive form. Vertebral and costal abnormalities are common diagnostic signs that may be severe. The disease presents with kyphoscoliosis and chest abnormalities along with thoracic vertebral fusion and hemivertebral appearance. Ribs may demonstrate fusion. Based on those involvements, the disease can be categorized as spondylothoracic, spondylocostal, ischiovertebral dysplasia, and cervicofaciothoracic syndrome. Diagnosis is established by the help of clinical characteristics. Radiography might contribute to the diagnosis by revealing changes in the skeletal system. Case Report: A three-year-old male patient presented with operated left undescendent testis and buried penis. On physical examination, he also had a dysmorphic face characterized by macrocephaly, hypertelorism, prominent eyes, a flattened nasal bridge, triangular-fish mouth, gingival hypertrophy and left hand clinodactyly. Radiographic examination documented mesomelic shortening of the radius-ulna, malsegmentation of the thoracal spine and the ribs fusion. Conclusion: Robinow syndrome is a rare syndrome which can be diagnosed by typical facial appearance and radiologic findings.