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It is not right to evaluate the ecological design concept that includes past, present and future perspectives only with new building designs that comply with ecological principles. Improving existing ecological measures, improving their space comfort\energy\ efficiency is of utmost importance for optimum utilization and conservation of resources. From this point of action, Dadia one of the major ecological tourism areas of Greece is presented with suggestions for improvement and development in terms of ecological design. In this sense, ecological design and ecological tourism related assumptions are explaining and supporting the current situation of ecological tourism center in accordance with the Dadia analyzing. The use of renewable energy sources in the existing service, the transport of vehicles with high CO2 emissions in the tourist area and transport problems for disabled people have been identified. A solution proposal was established within the framework of ecological design measures for these basic problems. The results of the study are specific to the field and provide an idea applicable to the ecological improvement of an existing area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces the first index for the market diversification of tourist arrivals. Using this new index, we revisit the tourism-growth nexus for eight countries in the Mediterranean region: Egypt, France, Greece, Italy, Morocco, Spain, Tunisia, and Turkey. For this purpose, we run the individual Granger and the panel data non-Granger causality tests for the period from 1995 to 2014. We find the causality from market diversification to economic growth in Egypt and Greece and observe the causality from economic growth to market diversification in France, Morocco, and Turkey. We also find bidirectional causality in Italy, Spain, and Tunisia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I borrow the statement of the Greek twentieth-century poet George Seferis as a sub-title in order to record the feelings of disillusionment and despair often expressed in Byron's poetry and prose as a result of his interactions with Greece. Byron's traumatic encounters with and in Greece may to some extent be attributed to his own idealistic preconceptions and illusions about the country and its inhabitants. However, Byron's 'Hellenic' experience could be described as a process of disenchantment that 'saddens', 'hurts', and finally 'kills' him. The major wounds may be defined as follows: a) Ruins, b) Greeks, c) Suliotes, d) Leaders, e) Loukas. Byron's 'early' voice resounds from his Grand Tour, his 'middle' voice is heard from his exile in Italy, and his 'late' voice, yelling from revolutionary Greece, is tragically transformed into 'body language', culminating in his delirium and death at Missolonghi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aim of this article is to investigate the relationship among tourists' utilitarian needs, non-utilitarian needs, destination image, and personality of Mykonos Island. The research objectives of this article are twofold: (i) to investigate Mykonos tourists' utilitarian and non-utilitarian needs; and (ii) to examine the degree to which the destination image and personality of Mykonos affect visitors' behavior and to determine whether this influence can be strengthened. Data are collected on the basis of a structured questionnaire. The research results show that destination image and personality have a direct and positive effect on each other and on tourists' utilitarian and non-utilitarian needs. There is no study until now that investigates the notions of utilitarian and non-utilitarian needs of tourists, in terms of destination image and personality of a holiday destination, during the current economic crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The countryside, and, hence, the rural activity, presents over time important economic and social-cultural value for Greece. Today, politics are shaped, at both European and national levels, so that the rural area will be utilized, through actions that emphasize its natural and cultural environment. Within this framework, a systematic effort is being made so that rural regions are used as the base for the development of activities that will create touristic flows. Despite the fact that agritourism activities in Greece were funded through European programs for decades, no legal framework related to the agritourism activity's conceptual definition, the persons' entitled to exert agritourism activity determination, and the prerequisites' needed in order to register for the label of an agritourism enterprise specification had been established. The present study aims to search, record, and evaluate the legal efforts made for the development of agritourism in Greece, from 1975 to date, in combination with the recent institutional framework establishing agritourism as a special form of rural tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the evolution of spatial planning as it was implemented in Greece since the end of the 2nd World War in connexion to its influence in the shaping and growing of Greek tourist destinations. The paper acknowledges that the spatial planning policies implemented and the spatial status that they form are proven to be crucial factors in the organizational model followed by the Greek tourist destinations. The lack of a consistent and complete planning for the Greek tourist destinations, which would have developmental dimensions, results to the application of incoherent and, in many cases, controversial policies that affects their evolution and prospects. As a consequence, referring to specific time periods based on the philosophy on the shaping of the tourist destination proves to be a very difficult task, since tourism policies have shown over time a wide discordance between the intentions of state planning and the policies implemented at a local level through a large number of legal exceptions. Moreover, there is an obvious lack of uniformity and consistency on the policies applied by a large number of competent authorities, such as the Greek Tourism Organization (GNTO), the Ministry of Culture, The Ministry of Environment, Regional and Local Authorities. In the long term, this inconsistency that prevails in the applied spatial and urban policies has served small properties and local interests and, consequently, the dominance of an indigenous "non-industrial" model of tourism development. The article concludes with the examination of complicated issues that spatial planning has to deal with during this current period of economic crisis in Greece. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism is a global high consumption industry with important sustainability implications. Given the strong link between tourism and transport, this research analyses the opinion of local authorities and stakeholders to help promote sustainable transport in the touristic islands of Chios and Lesvos, in the Aegean Sea, in Greece. The attitudes of stakeholders towards the current state of tourism, future targets of the tourism industry and ways that green transport may assist the local tourism industry achieve these targets, were analyzed. A total of 82 completed questionnaires were collected from public consultations in Chios and Lesvos. Tourism seasonality, an emphasis on sun and sea, the small size of tourist enterprises and pressure from tour operators were seen as problems of the existing situation of the tourist industry. Stakeholders considered the independent operation of local institutions, a reduction of the emphasis on sun and sea tourism as well as an increase in the size of enterprises, important future targets for the tourist industry. Finally, it was established that stakeholders thought that green transport may prove to be particularly helpful with an increase in the size of tourist enterprises, legalization of more unlicensed establishments and less emphasis on sun and sea tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study the authors examine the public tourism education system provided at the tertiary level in Greece by: (a) the Technological Educational Institutes (TEIs) supervised by the Ministry of Education and (b) the Advanced Schools of Tourism Education (ASTEs) supervised by the Ministry of Tourism. The aim of the study is to examine whether tourism education graduates are well-qualified, and the extent to which the hospitality industry recruits tourism higher education graduates. For this purpose, a primary research focused on the upscale hotel enterprises in Crete was carried out. The managers of 60 hotels were contacted and were asked to fill a questionnaire that was sent to them by email. Among the issues surveyed were the extent to which these hotels are staffed by higher education tourism graduates and whether the graduates' education meets the industry's needs. In addition, the participants were asked to evaluate the industrial placement which is incorporated in all tertiary-level programs of study. The results of the research indicate that, although tertiary education graduates are considered to be well qualified, they lack certain 'soft skills' which are considered to be very important in this sector. Moreover, the study reveals that only a minor percentage of hospitality employees (24%) are tourism graduates, an issue that requires further examination. Finally, it is suggested that education providers develop a close and effective cooperation with the tourism bodies, in order to keep track with the new developments in the tourism business, and update the academic curricula constantly to fit the industry's needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land use changes in Greece are the end product of social shifts and influences, historical developments and changes over time to the land which, combined with the effects of European, national and in particular sectoral policies, have brought about a complex and diverse land situation subject to a variety of continuing pressures. One such pressure is tourism, with various significant consequences for economic and social activities on the land and natural resources. The authors' objective is to explore and briefly analyze both in what ways spatial policies in Greece (including tourism policies) have had an impact on tourism and vice-versa how tourism activities have generally speaking affected land uses in Greece, especially over the last decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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