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Gastrointestinal function plays a pivotal role in nutrient absorption and overall digestive health. Abnormal gastric emptying is closely linked to type 2 diabetes, impacting blood glucose regulation and causing gastrointestinal symptoms. This study aims to investigate and compare segmental transit times, motility indices, and micromilieu between Greenlandic Inuit and Danish individuals with and without type 2 diabetes. We included forty-four Greenlandic Inuit, twenty-three of whom had type 2 diabetes, and age and gender-matched Danish individuals. Segmental transit time, motility, and luminal environment were measured using the SmartPill®. Greenlandic controls displayed shorter gastric emptying time (GET) (163 min), higher gastric median pH (2.0 pH) and duodenal median contractions (18.2 mm Hg) compared to Greenlanders with type 2 diabetes (GET: 235 min, pH:1.9, median duodenal contraction 18.4 mm Hg) and Danish controls (GET: 190, pH:1.2 median duodenal contraction 17.5 mmHg). Despite similar anti-diabetic management efforts, variations in gastrointestinal physiology were evident, highlighting the complexity of diabetes and its interaction with ethnicity, suggesting potential dietary or even genetic influences, emphasising the necessity for personalised diabetes management approaches. Finally, the study opens possibilities for future research, encouraging investigations into the underlying mechanisms linking genetics, diet, and gastric physiology, as an understanding of factors can lead to more effective, tailored strategies for diabetes care and improved digestive health in diverse populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Wuda Granule (WDG) on recovery of gastrointestinal function after laparoscopic bowel resection in the setting of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS)-based perioperative care. Methods: A total of 108 patients aged 18 years or older undergoing laparoscopic bowel resection with a surgical duration of 2 to 4.5 h were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either WDG or placebo (10 g/bag) twice a day from postoperative days 1–3, combining with ERAS-based perioperative care. The primary outcome was time to first defecation. Secondary outcomes were time to first flatus, time to first tolerance of liquid or semi-liquid food, gastrointestinal-related symptoms and length of stay. Subgroup analysis of the primary outcome according to sex, age, tumor site, surgical time, histories of underlying disease or history of abdominal surgery was undertaken. Adverse events were observed and recorded. Results: A total of 107 patients [53 in the WDG group and 54 in the placebo group; 61.7 ± 12.1 years; 50 males (46.7%)] were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. The patients in the WDG group had a significantly shorter time to first defecation and flatus [between-group difference −11.01 h (95% CI −20.75 to −1.28 h), P=0.012 for defecation; −5.41 h (−11.10 to 0.27 h), P=0.040 for flatus] than the placebo group. Moreover, the extent of improvement in postoperative gastrointestinal-related symptoms in the WDG group was significantly better than that in the placebo group (P<0.05). Subgroup analyses revealed that the benefits of WDG were significantly superior in patients who were male, or under 60 years old, or surgical time less than 3 h, or having no history of basic disease or no history of abdominal surgery. There were no serious adverse events. Conclusion: The addition of WDG to an ERAS postoperative care may be a viable strategy to enhance gastrointestinal function recovery after laparoscopic bowel resection surgery. (Registry No. ChiCTR2100046242) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: With the adjustment of China's birth policy, the repeat cesarean sections raises concerns about potential gastrointestinal mechanical injuries and disturbances in gastrointestinal neurohormonal regulation, affecting the postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function. These affect maternal nutritional status, prolong recovery, extend hospitalization, increase medical costs, and lead to neonatal care challenges.This study is to examine the effects of different postoperative feeding protocols on the restoration of gastrointestinal function in women undergoing repeat cesarean section. Methods: A total of 103 women were randomly assigned to three groups: experimental group A (n = 35), experimental group B (n = 34), and a control group (n = 34). In group A, women without choking symptoms received a clear fluid diet postoperatively, followed by a pureed diet after 6 h, and a regular soft diet after passing flatus. In group B, women chewed gum postoperatively, followed by a clear fluid diet after 2 h, a pureed diet after 6 h, and a regular soft diet after passing flatus. The control group received a clear fluid diet, a pureed diet after passing flatus, and a regular soft diet after defecation. Outcomes measured included recovery of gastrointestinal function, blood biochemical markers, comfort level, exclusive breastfeeding rate, and newborn weight loss. Results: The baseline maternal data across the three groups demonstrated no significant differences (P > 0.05). Both experimental groups A and B showed earlier recovery of postoperative gastrointestinal function compared to the control group, though there was no significant difference between the two experimental groups (P > 0.05). Additionally, postoperative comfort levels were significantly higher in both experimental groups than in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Early feeding is safe and effective for women who underwent repeat cesarean sections.It has been shown to accelerate gastrointestinal recovery, significantly improve maternal comfort and satisfaction.In cases where immediate postoperative oral intake is not feasible, chewing gum demonstrates a comparable promotive effect, providing a viable substitute in facilitating recovery. Trial registration: This trial has been prospectively registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2200065825) and the first registration date was 11/16/2022. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To comparative analysis of the small intestine internal arrangement with laparoscopic treatment of intestinal adhesion release adhesion sex intestinal obstruction in patients with curative effect and the influences on the targets of gastrointestinal function, and oxidative stress. Methods: Select our hospital from January 2021 to October 2023 were 106 adhesion sex intestinal obstruction patients as the research object, were randomly divided into group A and group B, 53 cases. For the treatment of group A will be arranged within the small intestine, group B for the treatment of laparoscopic intestinal adhesion release. Compare two groups of operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative catheter time, postoperative activities from the bed time, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative recovery of intestinal peristalsis, postoperative recovery time ordinary diet time, intraoperative and postoperative complications, before and after operation of reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase(sod), malondialdehyde level and clinical effectiveness. Results: The surgical time and intraoperative blood loss were comparable between the two groups (P>0.05); Compared with group A, group B had shorter catheter removal time, postoperative time to move out of bed, and postoperative hospital stay (P<0.05); Compared with group A, group B had shorter postoperative recovery time for intestinal peristalsis and normal diet (P<0.05); The incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications in group B was 3.77%, lower than group A's 16.98% (P<0.05); The postoperative serum levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde were lower in group B, and the levels of superoxide dismutase were higher, which was different from group A (P<0.05); The clinical effective rates of the two groups were equivalent (P>0.05). Conclusion: Small intestine lined with laparoscopic operation for the treatment of intestinal adhesion release adhesion sex intestinal obstruction in patients with curative effect is better, faster postoperative recovery process of the latter, in promoting recovery of gastrointestinal function and reduce the oxidative stress on the advantages, security is higher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background With the adjustment of China’s birth policy, the repeat cesarean sections raises concerns about potential gastrointestinal mechanical injuries and disturbances in gastrointestinal neurohormonal regulation, affecting the postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function. These affect maternal nutritional status, prolong recovery, extend hospitalization, increase medical costs, and lead to neonatal care challenges.This study is to examine the effects of different postoperative feeding protocols on the restoration of gastrointestinal function in women undergoing repeat cesarean section. Methods A total of 103 women were randomly assigned to three groups: experimental group A (n = 35), experimental group B (n = 34), and a control group (n = 34). In group A, women without choking symptoms received a clear fluid diet postoperatively, followed by a pureed diet after 6 h, and a regular soft diet after passing flatus. In group B, women chewed gum postoperatively, followed by a clear fluid diet after 2 h, a pureed diet after 6 h, and a regular soft diet after passing flatus. The control group received a clear fluid diet, a pureed diet after passing flatus, and a regular soft diet after defecation. Outcomes measured included recovery of gastrointestinal function, blood biochemical markers, comfort level, exclusive breastfeeding rate, and newborn weight loss. Results The baseline maternal data across the three groups demonstrated no significant differences (P > 0.05). Both experimental groups A and B showed earlier recovery of postoperative gastrointestinal function compared to the control group, though there was no significant difference between the two experimental groups (P > 0.05). Additionally, postoperative comfort levels were significantly higher in both experimental groups than in the control group (P

The gastrointestinal tract is the largest organ in the human body that communicates with the outside world. It has the functions of digesting food and transporting and absorbing nutrients. The gastrointestinal mucosal barrier secures gastrointestinal function through physical, chemical, biological, and immunologic barriers, and its damage can lead to chronic inflammation or acute and chronic diseases. Polysaccharides are one of the major bioactive substances in edible and medicinal mushroom and can be used as an auxiliary treatment for a variety of gastrointestinal diseases. This article reviews the roles of polysaccharides from edible and medicinal mushroom in regulating gastric health such as eliminating gastric Helicobacter pylori, protecting against gastric mucosal damage and gastric ulcer, and fighting against gastric cancer, summarizes the roles of polysaccharides from edible and medicinal mushroom in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and regulating the intestinal microbiota, alleviating inflammatory bowel disease and inhibiting colon cancer, and analyzes the regulatory mechanisms of polysaccharides from edible and medicinal mushroom on gastrointestinal function. We expect that this review will provide a reference for in-depth research on the promoting effect and mechanism of polysaccharides from edible and medicinal mushroom on gastrointestinal health.

Objective To investigate the effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing interventions on sleep quality and gastrointestinal function in patients with sepsis. Methods Totally 84 patients with sepsis accompanied with gastrointestinal function disorder were randomly divided into the control group and observation group, with 42 cases in each group. The conventional nursing mode was adopted in the control group, while the Traditional Chinese medicine nursing interventions including dietary nursing by syndrome differentiation, acupoint massage, Chinese herbal medicine foot bath and hot compress were carried out in the observation group. Acute Physiological and Chronic Health Score (APACHE II) score, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score, improvement in gastrointestinal function, general comfort questionnaire scale (GCQ) score and satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results Scores of PSQI and APACHE II in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0. 01). The recovery rate of the observation group was 80. 95%(34/42), which was higher than 64. 29%(27/42)of the control group(P＜0. 05). The GCQ score and patient satisfaction rate in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Acupoint massage combined with Traditional Chinese medicine interventions nursing are effective to improve the sleep quality and gastrointestinal function of patients with sepsis. (目的 观察中医特色护理改善脓毒症患者睡眠质量及胃肠功能的效果。方法 选取重症医学科脓毒症胃肠功能障碍患者84例, 随机分为对照组和观察组, 各42例。对照组采用常规护理模式, 观察组采用辨证施膳、穴位按摩、中药足浴、中药热敷等中医特色护理干预。比较两组患者的急性生理与慢性健康评分(APACHE Ⅱ)评分、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评分, 胃肠功能改善情况、舒适状况量表(GCQ)评分和满意度。结果 观察组患者PSQI和APACHE Ⅱ评分均低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。干预后, 观察组胃肠功能改善率80. 95%(34/42), 高于对照组的64. 29%(27/42), 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。观察组患者GCQ量表总分和满意度高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 穴位按摩联合中医特色护理模式能有效改善脓毒症患者睡眠质量和胃肠功能, 提高患者舒适度。)

Introduction: To explore the surgical effect and gastrointestinal functional recovery of laparoscopic-guided total mesorectal excision (LGTME) in patients with rectal cancer. Patients and Methods: A total of 150 rectal cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from July 2022 to July 2023 were selected and randomly divided into two groups using a random number table. There were 75 cases in the control group (CG) who underwent traditional open rectal total mesorectal excision surgery and 75 cases in the experimental group (EG) who underwent LGTME. The surgical effects of the two groups were compared, and the gastrointestinal and anal functional recovery of the two groups were compared before and after treatment. Results: Intraoperative bleeding, incision length, time to initial feeding and time to anal exhaust in the EG were significantly lower than those in the CG (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in gastrointestinal function and anal function between the two groups (P > 0.05). After treatment, the levels of motilin, gastrin, neuropeptide Y and basic fibroblast growth factor in the EG were significantly higher than those in the CG, with statistical significance (P < 0.05); the maximum anal systolic pressure and resting anal sphincter pressure in the EG were significantly lower than those in the CG (P < 0.05); the rectal sensitivity threshold volume (RSTV) and rectal maximum volume threshold in the EG were significantly higher than those in the CG (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in most postoperative complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: LGTME improves the surgical effects of rectal cancer patients, promotes the recovery of gastrointestinal function and has a small effect on anal function indicators, thereby reducing hospital stay.

Xinyue Chen,1 Xue Zhang,2 Ruijia Gao,2 Yu Huang,3 Shimeng Mao,2 Bing Wang,4 Jiying Feng4 1Department of Anesthesiology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of anesthesiology, the Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, the First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jiying Feng, No. 6 East Zhenhua Road, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China, Email fengjymz@163.comPurpose: Anxiety and depression can affect the physiology of the gastrointestinal tract through the brain-gut axis, causing gastrointestinal dysfunction, which is mainly manifested as indigestion, diarrhoea, constipation, or abdominal pain. Preoperative anxiety arises in children due to separation from parents, fear of unfamiliar surroundings and anaesthesia and surgical procedures.To discuss the effect of alleviating preoperative anxiety on postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function in children with indirect inguinal hernia after laparoscopic high ligation of the hernia sac.Patients and Methods: 90 children with laparoscopic high ligation of the herniated sac in oblique inguinal hernia were randomly divided into control group (Group C) and experimental group (Group M). The Group M was given midazolam oral solution 0.5mg/kg (maximum dose 20mg), and The Group C was given 5% glucose solution with the same dose.Primary outcome was the time to first postoperative defecation and I-FEED scores.The secondary outcomes included mYPAS-SF scores; child sedation scores; child-parent separation scores; parental STAI scores;PHBQ scores;FLACC scores, operative time, and fluid input and surgeon job satisfaction.Results: Compared with Group C, there was a shorter time to first postoperative defecation (P < 0.05), and lower I-FEED scores on postoperative day 1 (P < 0.05). The mYPAS-SF scores, which were significantly different in Group M at T1, T2, and T3 (P < 0.05), parental STAI scores at S1, child sedation scores and child-parent separation scores in T1, and surgeon job satisfaction between the two groups were significantly different (P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in I-FEED scores on days 2 and 3, PHBQ scores, FLACC scores, operative time, and fluid input between the two groups of children (P > 0.05).Conclusion: Preoperative application of midazolam oral solution to relieve preoperative anxiety helps to promote the recovery of postoperative gastrointestinal function in children with indirect inguinal hernia and increases the surgeon job satisfaction.Keywords: preoperative anxiety, gastrointestinal function, midazolam:pediatric surgery

Introduction: Presence of deep infiltrating bowel endometriosis (DE) is associated with occurrence of dyschezia and gastrointestinal symptoms. The degree of the disease, the lesion length, and the location, that is, lesion‐to‐anal‐verge distance (LAVD) of DE, as well as the severity of the symptoms appear to be correlated. Nevertheless, it is not yet known to what extent the size and LAVD of bowel DE influence the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms. The present study aims to evaluate a possible correlation of lesion location (LAVD) and size (according to the #Enzian classification) with preoperative symptoms. Material and Methods: In this prospective study, premenopausal patients with histologically confirmed DE undergoing modified limited nerve‐vessel sparing rectal segmental bowel resection or full‐thickness discoid resection were evaluated. Extent of endometriosis was defined according to the #Enzian classification during surgery. The primary outcome measure was the correlation between lesion size and location with the GI function impairment reflected by presurgical lower anterior resection syndrome (LARS) scores; the secondary outcome was differences in presurgical numeric rating scale pain scores of dyschezia, dyspareunia, and dysmenorrhea as well as the impact of concomitant DE of other locations on symptom intensity. Results: Of 162 consecutive patients, 151 were included in the final analysis. No significant correlation was observed between lesion size (#Enzian compartments C1/C2/C3) or LAVD and GI dysfunction reflected by LARS‐like symptoms (p = 0.314 and p = 0.185, respectively) or pain symptoms (dyschezia, p = 0.440; dyspareunia, p = 0.136; and dysmenorrhea p = 0.221). Furthermore, no significant correlation was observed between lesion size and GI dysfunction when merging two severity grades (#Enzian compartments C1 plus C2 vs. C3; p = 0.611). In addition, LAVD did not affect the degree of dyschezia (p = 0.892), dyspareunia (p = 0.395), or dysmenorrhea (p = 0.705). Finally, the presence of concomitant DE lesions infiltrating the vagina/rectovaginal space (#Enzian compartment A) and/or sacrouterine ligaments/parametrium (#Enzian compartment B) did not alter the severity of preoperative dyschezia (p = 0.493) or dysmenorrhea (p = 0.128) but showed a trend toward affecting gastrointestinal function (p = 0.078) and was significantly associated with dyspareunia (p = 0.035). Conclusions: In present study, we could not find a correlation between colorectal DE lesion size and location (LAVD) and gastrointestinal function impairment or intensity of dyschezia and dysmenorrhea. Additional involvement of vagina/rectovaginal space (#Enzian compartment A) and/or sacrouterine ligaments/parametrium (#Enzian compartment B) exerts a significant impact on the degree of dyspareunia in women with colorectal DE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The study aimed to compare the impact of the physiotherapeutic method combined with TENS and physiotherapy alone on post-cesarean pain levels and the time required for intestinal peristalsis recovery. The study was conducted at the Specialist Hospital in Kraków, from January to March 2020. Methods: The study was designed as a parallel randomized controlled trial (RCT). Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: TENS (n=52), nTENS (n=50) and control group (n=34), based on block randomization of 6. The allocation sequence was provided using a computer-generated random list. The participants were 136 postpartum primiparous women after cesarean birth, aged ≥18 years, having a healthy newborn, with no contradictions to TENS. The TENS group received a physiotherapeutic procedure involving a 20-minute exercise program plus a 40-minute session of TENS. The nTENS group received physiotherapeutic procedure alone, and the control group was under the routine care of midwives. The pain was assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) at 6, 7, 12 and 24 hours after cesarean birth and twice during verticalization. Results: TENS and nTENS groups had decreased pain intensity immediately after the intervention compared to the control group (p=0.002, p=0.027, respectively). During the first stage of the verticalization, the smallest increase in pain was observed in the TENS (p=0.044 compared to nTENS, p=0.000 compared to the control group). Within the increase in the pain score, the intestinal peristalsis recovery time was longer. In both groups undergoing physical therapy, a shortened recovery time of intestinal peristalsis was demonstrated (p=0.000). Conclusions: The proposed physiotherapy program, combined with TENS and instruction, proved effective in relieving post-cesarean pain and accelerating the time to first defecation and should be considered part of the standard patient management program in maternity units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is well established that high-protein diets (i.e. ~25-30% of energy intake from protein) provide benefits for achieving weight loss, and subsequent weight maintenance, in individuals with obesity, and improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes (T2D). These effects may be attributable to the superior satiating property of protein, at least in part, through stimulation of both gastrointestinal (GI) mechanisms by protein, involving GI hormone release and slowing of gastric emptying, as well as post-absorptive mechanisms facilitated by circulating amino acids. In contrast, there is evidence that the beneficial effects of greater protein intake on body weight and glycemia may only be sustained for 6-12 months. While both suboptimal dietary compliance and metabolic adaptation, as well as substantial limitations in the design of longer-term studies are all likely to contribute to this contradiction, the source of dietary protein (i.e. animal vs. plant) has received inappropriately little attention. This issue has been highlighted by outcomes of recent epidemiological studies indicating that long-term consumption of animal-based protein may have adverse effects in relation to the development of obesity and T2D, while plant-based protein showed either protective or neutral effects. This review examines information relating to the effects of dietary protein on appetite, energy intake and postprandial glycemia, and the relevant GI functions, as reported in acute, intermediate- and long-term studies in humans. We also evaluate knowledge relating to the relevance of the dietary protein source, specifically animal or plant, to the prevention, and management, of obesity and T2D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the influence of early nutritional nursing on gastrointestinal function and stress responses in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A total of 84 patients at Ankang Central Hospital from March 2019 to March 2020 were divided into the control group and treatment group using the numerical table method. The control group received routine nursing after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and the treatment group received early nutritional nursing. The visual analogue scale and general comfort questionnaire scores of the treatment group were lower than those of the control group at 1, 3, and 5 days after surgery. The time to first feed, the time to first passage of gas, and the recovery time of intestinal sounds were significantly shorter in the treatment group compared to the control group. Abdominal distension and gastrointestinal reaction scores were significantly lower, while generic quality of life inventory-74 scores, Newcastle satisfaction with nursing scale scores, and Chinese version of the Conor--Davidson resilience scale scores were significantly higher in the treatment group compared to the control group. The levels of inflammatory factors and stress hormones were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group, while arm muscle circumference, body weight, and transferrin, hemoglobin, albumin, and prealbumin levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05). Overall, early nutritional nursing can effectively relieve postoperative pain and improve gastrointestinal function, quality of life, nutritional status, and nursing satisfaction in patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is an organ actively involved in mechanical processes, where it detects forces via a mechanosensation mechanism. Mechanosensation relies on specialized cells termed mechanoreceptors, which convert mechanical forces into electrochemical signals via mechanosensors. The mechanosensitive Piezo1 and Piezo2 are widely expressed in various mechanosensitive cells that respond to GI mechanical forces by altering transmembrane ionic currents, such as epithelial cells, enterochromaffin cells, and intrinsic and extrinsic enteric neurons. This review highlights recent research advances on mechanosensitive Piezo channels in GI physiology and pathology. Specifically, the latest insights on the role of Piezo channels in the intestinal barrier, GI motility, and intestinal mechanosensation are summarized. Additionally, an overview of Piezo channels in the pathogenesis of GI disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and GI cancers, is provided. Overall, the presence of mechanosensitive Piezo channels offers a promising new perspective for the treatment of various GI disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Gastrointestinal function plays a pivotal role in nutrient absorption and overall digestive health. Abnormal gastric emptying is closely linked to type 2 diabetes, impacting blood glucose regulation and causing gastrointestinal symptoms. This study aims to investigate and compare segmental transit times, motility indices, and micromilieu between Greenlandic Inuit and Danish individuals with and without type 2 diabetes. We included forty-four Greenlandic Inuit, twenty-three of whom had type 2 diabetes, and age and gender-matched Danish individuals. Segmental transit time, motility, and luminal environment were measured using the SmartPill®. Greenlandic controls displayed shorter gastric emptying time (GET) (163 min), higher gastric median pH (2.0 pH) and duodenal median contractions (18.2 mm Hg) compared to Greenlanders with type 2 diabetes (GET: 235 min, pH:1.9, median duodenal contraction 18.4 mm Hg) and Danish controls (GET: 190, pH:1.2 median duodenal contraction 17.5 mmHg). Despite similar anti-diabetic management efforts, variations in gastrointestinal physiology were evident, highlighting the complexity of diabetes and its interaction with ethnicity, suggesting potential dietary or even genetic influences, emphasising the necessity for personalised diabetes management approaches. Finally, the study opens possibilities for future research, encouraging investigations into the underlying mechanisms linking genetics, diet, and gastric physiology, as an understanding of factors can lead to more effective, tailored strategies for diabetes care and improved digestive health in diverse populations.

ObjectiveTo study the changes in gastrointestinal wall thickness, blood flow, motility, and symptoms in patients with acute heart failure, and to assess gastrointestinal function by ultrasound.MethodsIn this study, patients diagnosed with acute heart failure were selected as the study group, and healthy individuals were selected as the control group. Both groups collected general data and completed the Chinese version of the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale. Ultrasonography was used to measure several abdominal vascular and gastrointestinal-related indicators. Statistical analysis used grouped comparison and correlation analysis.ResultsThe study group scored higher than the control group in total score, lower abdominal symptom score, constipation score, and difficult defecation score (Z = −2.828, −2.022, −2.015, −2.015, all P

Abstract Background Appendiceal pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP), a rare tumor from mucinous appendiceal origins, is treated with Cytoreductive Surgery (CRS) and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC). However, tubing blockages during HIPEC treatment pose a common challenge, impeding the smooth progression of therapy. Few studies to date have explored the incidence and risk factors of tube occlusion during HIPEC in patients with appendiceal PMP, as well as its adverse impact on postoperative complications. Methods From October 2017 to June 2023, a total of 80 patients with appendiceal PMP undergoing combined CRS and HIPEC were included in this study. Tubing blockage events were strictly defined, with patients experiencing blockages during HIPEC treatment allocated to the study group, while those with unobstructed perfusion were assigned to the control group. A comparative analysis was conducted between the two groups regarding post-HIPEC health assessments and occurrence of complications. Risk factors for luminal occlusion during closed HIPEC procedures were identified through univariate and multivariate analysis of data from 303 HIPEC treatments. Results Tubing blockages occurred in 41 patients (51.3%). The study group experienced prolonged gastrointestinal decompression time (4.1 ± 3.0 vs. 2.5 ± 1.7 days, P = 0.003) and prolonged time to bowel movement (6.1 ± 2.3 vs. 5.1 ± 1.8 days, P = 0.022) compared to the control group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups. The 1-year survival rate postoperatively was 97%, and the 3-year survival rate was 81%, with no association found between tubing blockage and poorer survival. Additionally, In 303 instances of HIPEC treatment among these 80 patients, tube occlusion occurred in 89 cases (89/303, 29.4%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed age, diabetes, hypertension, and pathology as independent risk factors for tube occlusion. Conclusion Tubing blockages are a common occurrence during HIPEC treatment, leading to prolonged postoperative gastrointestinal functional recovery time. When patients are elderly and have concomitant hypertension and diabetes, along with a histological type of low-grade mucinous tumor, the risk of tube occlusion increases. However, this study did not find a significant correlation between tubing blockage and the incidence of postoperative complications or overall patient survival.

• Postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction commonly occurs cesarean section. • Delayed recovery in gastrointestinal function can lead to many complications. • Intravenous dexmedetomidine could accelerate gastrointestinal function recovery. • This method can shorten the postoperative hospital stay and reduce medical costs. Gastrointestinal dysfunction after cesarean section negatively affects postoperative recovery. Dexmedetomidine has been shown to improve postoperative gastrointestinal function in patients undergoing lumbar spinal fusion surgery and laparoscopic gastrectomy, but its role in cesarean section has not been fully elucidated. The study aimed to investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on gastrointestinal function after cesarean section. 220 pregnant women who underwent elective cesarean section were randomized into group D and group S. Group D patients received a loading dose of 0.5 μg/kg of dexmedetomidine for 10 mins followed by a maintenance dose of 0.5 μg/kg/h intravenously immediately after the umbilical cord was cut intraoperatively, whereas the other group (group S) received an equivalent quantity of normal saline as loading and maintenance dose IV by infusion pump. The primary outcome was time to first flatus after surgery (hours). Secondary outcomes included time to first feces and first bowel sounds (hours), incidence rates of postoperative gastrointestinal complications, and the length of postoperative hospital stay (days). Modified intention-to-treat analysis showed that patients in Group D had a significantly shorter time to first flatus (21 [16 to 28.25] vs. 25 [18 to 32.25] h; P = 0.014), time to first feces (45.5 [35.75 to 55.25] vs. 53 [40 to 60] h; P = 0.019), and time to first bowel sounds (P = 0.010), a lower incidence of abdominal distension (21[20.6 %] vs. 36[34.3 %], P = 0.027), shorter length of postoperative hospital stay (P = 0.010) compared to patients in Group S. Intraoperative dexmedetomidine infusion reduces the time to first flatus, the incidence of abdominal distension, and shortens the length of hospital stay, promoting gastrointestinal function after cesarean section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Appendiceal pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP), a rare tumor from mucinous appendiceal origins, is treated with Cytoreductive Surgery (CRS) and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC). However, tubing blockages during HIPEC treatment pose a common challenge, impeding the smooth progression of therapy. Few studies to date have explored the incidence and risk factors of tube occlusion during HIPEC in patients with appendiceal PMP, as well as its adverse impact on postoperative complications. Methods: From October 2017 to June 2023, a total of 80 patients with appendiceal PMP undergoing combined CRS and HIPEC were included in this study. Tubing blockage events were strictly defined, with patients experiencing blockages during HIPEC treatment allocated to the study group, while those with unobstructed perfusion were assigned to the control group. A comparative analysis was conducted between the two groups regarding post-HIPEC health assessments and occurrence of complications. Risk factors for luminal occlusion during closed HIPEC procedures were identified through univariate and multivariate analysis of data from 303 HIPEC treatments. Results: Tubing blockages occurred in 41 patients (51.3%). The study group experienced prolonged gastrointestinal decompression time (4.1 ± 3.0 vs. 2.5 ± 1.7 days, P = 0.003) and prolonged time to bowel movement (6.1 ± 2.3 vs. 5.1 ± 1.8 days, P = 0.022) compared to the control group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups. The 1-year survival rate postoperatively was 97%, and the 3-year survival rate was 81%, with no association found between tubing blockage and poorer survival. Additionally, In 303 instances of HIPEC treatment among these 80 patients, tube occlusion occurred in 89 cases (89/303, 29.4%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed age, diabetes, hypertension, and pathology as independent risk factors for tube occlusion. Conclusion: Tubing blockages are a common occurrence during HIPEC treatment, leading to prolonged postoperative gastrointestinal functional recovery time. When patients are elderly and have concomitant hypertension and diabetes, along with a histological type of low-grade mucinous tumor, the risk of tube occlusion increases. However, this study did not find a significant correlation between tubing blockage and the incidence of postoperative complications or overall patient survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of MAPK on intestinal obstruction during pregnancy. Methods A total of 105 SPF Wistar rats (female = 70 and male = 35) were selected. After placing all the rats in the same cage, 33 female rats were pregnant, and 8 rats were assigned to the control group and the other 25 rats were used to established bowel obstruction model. A total of 24 rats were successfully modelled, which were divided into model group (n = 8), up-regulation group (n = 8), and down-regulation group (n = 8). Results Compared with the model group, MAPK expression, VIP, GAS, TNF-α, IL-6 levels, TLR4, Myd88, NF-κB mRNA were increased and MOT, IL-4, IL-10 levels were decreased in up-regulation group; MAPK expression, VIP, GAS, TNF-α, IL-6 levels, TLR4, Myd88, NF-κB mRNA were decreased and MOT, IL-4, IL-10 levels were increased in down-regulation group (P < 0.05). Conclusion MAPK down-regulation reduced inflammatory response and improved bowel obstruction in pregnancy, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Effects of Trichoderma on intestinal microecology, gastrointestinal function and immune function of gastric cancer rats through p53 signaling pathway. Methods: 40 male SD rats were randomly divided into model group, low dose group, middle dose group and high dose group, 10 rats in each group. Another 10 healthy male rats were selected and divided into blank group. After successful modeling, the blank group and the model group were given the same amount of normal saline by gavage, and the low, medium and high dose groups of trichoderma alcohol were given 20, 40 and 60 mg / kg by gavage. The expression of p53 protein was detected by Western blot. The changes of intestinal flora were detected by 16 S rDNA assay. The levels of serum gastrointestinal function indexes were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets were detected by flow cytometry. Results: The expression level of p53 protein in the model group and the low, medium and high dose groups was lower than that in the blank group, and the p53 protein level in the medium dose group was higher than that in the model group and the low and high dose groups (P<0.05). The levels of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria in the model group and Trichoderma alcohol (low, medium and high dose) groups were significantly higher than those in the blank group. The levels of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria in the medium dose group were significantly lower than those in the model group and Trichoderma alcohol (low and high dose) groups (P<0.05). The levels of gastrin and motilin in the model group and the trichoderma alcohol (low, medium and high dose) group were significantly lower than those in the blank group, and the levels of gastrin (GAS) and motilin (MTL) in the middle and low dose group of trichoderma alcohol were significantly higher than those in the model group and the trichoderma alcohol (low and high dose) group (P<0. 05). Compared with the blank group, the levels of CD3+ and CD4+ in the model group and the Trichoderma alcohol (low, medium and high dose) groups were higher, and the level of CD8+ was lower. Compared with the model group and the low-dose and high-dose groups, the levels of CD3+ and CD4+ in the low-dose group were lower, and the level of CD8+ was higher (P<0.05). Conclusion: Trichoderma alcohol can effectively regulate the intestinal flora of gastric cancer rats, enhance their immune function, and promote the recovery of intestinal function, and the medium dose application effect is better. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The brain-gut axis represents a bidirectional communication linking brain function with the gastrointestinal (GI) system. This interaction comprises a top-down communication from the brain to the gut, and a bottom-up communication from the gut to the brain, including neural, endocrine, immune, and humoral signaling. Acute brain injury (ABI) can lead to systemic complications including GI dysfunction. Techniques for monitoring GI function are currently few, neglected, and many under investigation. The use of ultrasound could provide a measure of gastric emptying, bowel peristalsis, bowel diameter, bowel wall thickness and tissue perfusion. Despite novel biomarkers represent a limitation in clinical practice, intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) is easy-to-use and measurable at bedside. Increased IAP can be both cause and consequence of GI dysfunction, and it can influence cerebral perfusion pressure and intracranial pressure via physiological mechanisms. Here, we address ten good reasons to consider GI function in patients with ABI, highlighting the importance of its assessment in neurocritical care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

It is well established that high-protein diets (i.e. ~25–30% of energy intake from protein) provide benefits for achieving weight loss, and subsequent weight maintenance, in individuals with obesity, and improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes (T2D). These effects may be attributable to the superior satiating property of protein, at least in part, through stimulation of both gastrointestinal (GI) mechanisms by protein, involving GI hormone release and slowing of gastric emptying, as well as post-absorptive mechanisms facilitated by circulating amino acids. In contrast, there is evidence that the beneficial effects of greater protein intake on body weight and glycemia may only be sustained for 6–12 months. While both suboptimal dietary compliance and metabolic adaptation, as well as substantial limitations in the design of longer-term studies are all likely to contribute to this contradiction, the source of dietary protein (i.e. animal vs. plant) has received inappropriately little attention. This issue has been highlighted by outcomes of recent epidemiological studies indicating that long-term consumption of animal-based protein may have adverse effects in relation to the development of obesity and T2D, while plant-based protein showed either protective or neutral effects. This review examines information relating to the effects of dietary protein on appetite, energy intake and postprandial glycemia, and the relevant GI functions, as reported in acute, intermediate- and long-term studies in humans. We also evaluate knowledge relating to the relevance of the dietary protein source, specifically animal or plant, to the prevention, and management, of obesity and T2D.

Objective To investigate the effect of acupoint application of Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis powder on promoting the recovery of gastrointestinal function after abdominal surgery. Methods Totally 60 patients undergoing abdominal surgery were randomly divided into the study group and control group, with 30 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received routine nursing after surgery, and those in the study were given acupoint application of Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis powder on Zusanli (ST36) in addition to routine nursing. The time to first passing gas and defecation after operation and the bowel sounds were compared between two groups. A self-made questionnaire was used evaluate patient’s satisfaction with nursing service. Results The time to recovery of bowel sounds, first passing gas and defecation after operation in the study group were shorter than those in the control group(P＜0. 01). The overall satisfaction rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P＜0. 01). Conclusion The acupoint application of Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis powder is effective to promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function and reduce the discomfort symptoms after abdominal surgery. (目的 探究中药厚朴粉足三里穴位贴敷促进腹部手术患者术后胃肠功能恢复的效果。方法 选取2022年7月—2023年7月医院收治的行腹部手术的60例患者为研究对象, 随机分为研究组和对照组, 各30例。对照组接受常规术后护理, 研究组在对照组基础上开展穴位贴敷治疗。对比两组患者肠鸣音恢复时间、首次排气和排便时间, 评价护理满意度。结果 研究组患者术后首次排气时间、排便时间、肠鸣音恢复时间均较对照组患者缩短, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。研究组总满意率高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。结论 厚朴粉足三里穴位贴敷可有效促进腹部手术患者术后胃肠功能的恢复, 减少术后不适症状。)

Background: Postoperative ileus (POI) is a complication that may occur after abdominal or nonabdominal surgery. Intravenous dexmedetomidine (Dex) has been reported to accelerate postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery; however, updated evidence is required to confirm its robustness. Methods: To identify randomized controlled trials examining the effects of perioperative intravenous Dex on gastrointestinal function recovery in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery, databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library were searched on August 2023. The primary outcome was time to first flatus. Secondary outcomes included time to oral intake and defecation as well as postoperative pain scores, postoperative nausea/vomiting (PONV), risk of hemodynamic instability, and length of hospital stay (LOS). To confirm its robustness, subgroup analyses and trial sequential analysis were performed. Results: The meta-analysis of 22 randomized controlled trials with 2566 patients showed that Dex significantly reduced the time to flatus [mean difference (MD): -- 7.19 h, P<0.00001), time to oral intake (MD: -- 6.44 h, P=0.001), time to defecation (MD: -- 13.84 h, P=0.008), LOS (MD: -- 1.08 days, P<0.0001), and PONV risk (risk ratio: 0.61, P< 0.00001) without differences in hemodynamic stability and pain severity compared with the control group. Trial sequential analysis supported sufficient evidence favoring Dex for accelerating bowel function. Subgroup analyses confirmed the positive impact of Dex on the time to flatus across different surgical categories and sexes. However, this benefit has not been observed in studies conducted in regions outside China. Conclusions: Perioperative intravenous Dex may enhance postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery and reduce LOS, thereby validating its use in patients for whom postoperative ileus is a significant concern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture (EA) in improving postoperative ileus after colorectal surgery. Methods: Electronic databases (e.g. Medline) were screened to identify randomized controlled trials that focused on the association between EA and postoperative ileus. Time to first flatus served as the primary outcome, while the secondary outcomes included time required for the recovery of other gastrointestinal functions (e.g. bowel sound recovery), time to tolerability of liquid/solid food, postoperative pain scores, risk of overall complications, and hospital length of stay. Results: Our meta-analysis focusing on 16 studies with a total of 1562 patients demonstrated positive associations of EA with shorter times to the first flatus [mean difference (MD): -10.1 h, P< 0.00001, n =1562], first defecation (MD: -11.77 h, P< 0.00001, n =1231), bowel sound recovery (MD: -10.76 h, P<0.00001, n= 670), tolerability of liquid (MD: -16.44 h, P=0.0002, n=243), and solid food (MD: -17.21 h, P =0.005, n= 582) than those who received standard care. The use of EA was also correlated with a lower risk of overall complications (risk ratio:0.71, P= 0.04, n =1011), shorter hospital length of stay (MD: -1.22 days, P= 0.0001, n =988), and a lower pain score on postoperative days two (standardized MD: - 0.87, P= 0.009, n= 665) and three (standardized MD: -0.45, P<0.00001, n= 795), without a difference in time to first ambulation. Conclusion: Our findings showed an association between EA and enhanced gastrointestinal functional recovery and reduced pain severity following colorectal surgery, highlighting the potential benefits of incorporating EA into perioperative care to enhance recovery outcomes in this setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction (PGD) is one of the most common complications among patients who have undergone thoracic surgery. Acupuncture has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat gastrointestinal diseases and has shown benefit as an alternative therapy for the management of digestive ailments. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effectiveness of acupuncture as a means to aid postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery. Methods: In total, 112 patients aged 18–70 years undergoing thoracoscopic surgery between 15 June 2022 and 30 August 2022 were randomized into two groups. Patients in the acupuncture group (AG) first received acupuncture treatment 4 h after surgery, and treatment was repeated at 24 and 48 h. Patients in the control group (CG) did not receive any acupuncture treatment. Both groups received the same anesthetic protocol. Ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) was performed in the paravertebral spaces between T4 and T5 with administration of 20 mL of 0.33% ropivacaine. All patients received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) after surgery. Results: Median time to first flatus [interquartile range] in the AG was significantly less than in the CG (23.25 [18.13, 29.75] vs 30.75 [24.13, 45.38] h, p < 0.001). Time to first fluid intake after surgery was significantly less in the AG, as compared with the CG (4 [3, 7] vs 6.5 [4.13, 10.75] h, p = 0.003). Static pain, measured by visual analog scale (VAS) score, was significantly different on the third day after surgery (p = 0.018). Dynamic pain VAS scores were lower in the AG versus CG on the first three postoperative days (p = 0.014, 0.003 and 0.041, respectively). Conclusion: Addition of acupuncture appeared to improve recovery of postoperative gastrointestinal function and alleviate posteoperative pain in patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery. Acupuncture may represent a feasible strategy for the prevention of PGD occurrence. Trial registration number: ChiCTR2200060888 (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the impact of enteral nutrition support on patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) . Methods A total of 104 AMI patients in the hospital from March 2020 to March 2021 were selected and randomly divided into the control group (52 cases) and the observation group (52 cases) . The control group received parenteral nutrition support, and the observation group received enteral nutrition support. The gastrointestinal protection effect, gastrointestinal function recovery, immune balance, incidence of complications, and nutritional status were compared between the two groups. Results There were no statistically significant differences in the levels of diamine oxidase (DAO) and D-lactate before intervention between the two groups (P＞0. 05) . After intervention, the levels of DAO and D-lactate in the two groups were lower than those before intervention, and the indicators in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistical significance (P＜0. 05) . The remission time of nausea and vomiting, the remission time of diarrhea, the recovery time of oral feeding and the recovery time of bowel sounds in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0. 05) . There was no statistically significant difference in Th17,Treg levels, and Th17/Treg ratio before intervention between the two groups (P＞0. 05) . After intervention, the levels of Th17,Treg and Th17/Treg values in the observation group were significantly different from those in the control group (P＜0. 05) . There was statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (P＜0. 05) . There were no statistically significant differences in the levels of albumin, hemoglobin, transferrin, and prealbumin before intervention between the two groups (P＞0. 05) . After intervention, the levels of albumin, hemoglobin, transferrin, and prealbumin in the two groups were higher than those before intervention, and the indicators in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0. 05) . Conclusion Enteral nutrition support can enhance the protection of gastrointestinal tract in AMI patients, promote the rapid recovery of gastrointestinal function, improve the immune and nutritional status, and reduce the incidence of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the effect of acupoint sticking therapy along meridians on gastrointestinal function recovery in patients after lumbar internal fixation surgery. Methods From January 2020 to March 2022, 125 patients with lumbar degenerative diseases were admitted to our hospital's Department of Orthopaedics and divided into two groups: control (n = 62) and acupoint sticking therapy (n = 63). The control group received standard postoperative care for lumbar internal fixation, while the experimental group received routine care based on acupoint sticking therapy along meridians. The NVAS scores for postoperative nausea and vomiting, abdominal distension and pain, bowel sound, initial exhaust, and defecation time were compared between the two groups. Results Both groups experienced gastrointestinal problems to varied degrees following surgery. The experimental group had significantly lower rates of nausea, NVAS score, vomiting grade, abdominal distension, return to normal bowel sounds, and time of first exhaust and bowel movement compared to the control group (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in abdominal pain and abdominal circumference (P > 0.05). There were no adverse reactions in either group. The incidence of postoperative abdominal distension, nausea and vomiting in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Acupoint sticking therapy along meridians could accelerate the recovery of gastrointestinal function of patients after lumbar internal fixation, promote rapid recovery after surgery, and improve quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acupoint application of Chinese medicine is a non-invasive method that offers substantial benefits in adjuvant chemotherapy treatment of tumors. We analyzed the impacts of acupoint application of Chinese medicine combined with enteral nutrition on the nutritional status and gastrointestinal function of patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy. We randomly included 110 patients with lung cancer hospitalized for chemotherapy at Nantong Cancer Hospital between January 2022 and June 2023. The patients were given routine symptomatic treatment during chemotherapy. Patients in the experimental group received acupoint applications of Chinese medicine combined with enteral nutrition, while those in the control group received no intervention. We found that acupoint application of Chinese medicine combined with enteral nutrition increased hemoglobin, albumin, total protein, immunoglobulin G, and immunoglobulin A levels and scores in each dimension of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire and decreased the total effective rate of nausea and vomiting. Acupoint application of Chinese medicine combined with enteral nutrition can improve the nutritional status and gastrointestinal function of patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, our research team analyzed the improvement of the gastrointestinal nutritional status of elderly patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding by predictive nursing before and after intravenous infusion. To this end, 126 older adults with upper gastrointestinal bleeding admitted between January 2023 and June 2023 at the Yuyao People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Yuyao, China, were recruited. The patients were randomized into two groups: conventional nursing (control group) and predictive nursing (experimental group). The inter-group comparison revealed markedly reduced bleeding frequency, bleeding volume, shorter length of hospital stays, and fewer complications in the experimental group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The nutritional status and patient comfort in the experimental group were better overall than in the control group (P < 0.05). These results suggest that predictive nursing is conducive to accelerating the rehabilitation of elderly upper gastrointestinal bleeding patients, ensuring the safety of intravenous infusions, and enhancing their nutritional status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of Bifidobacterium quadruple viable tablet combined with piracetam on gastrointestinal function and neurological function in patients with severe cerebral hemorrhage. METHODS: Fifty patients with severe cerebral hemorrhage admitted into the hospital from 2021 to 2022 were extracted to be divided into the control group ( n = 24) and study group ( n = 26) via the random number table method. The control group was treated with piracetam, while the study group received Bifidobacterium quadruple viable tablet combined with piracetam. The average cerebrovascular flow rate, average cerebrovascular flow, vascular peripheral resistance and dynamic resistance level were detected. The Glasgow coma score (GCS) and activities of daily living (ADL) scores were used to assess the degree of coma and ability to perform activities of daily living. Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, D-lactic acid ( D-LC), diamine oxidase ( DAO), neuropeptide Y ( NPY) and ferritin level were detected. The national institutes of health neurologic deficit scale for stroke (NIHSS) was used to assess the neurologic deficits. Therapeutic effect of two groups was compared. RESULTS: After treatment, the mean cerebrovascular flow rate, mean cerebrovascular flow level, GCS, ADL scores of the study group were higher than those of the control group; the peripheral vascular resistance, dynamic resistance, D-LC, DAO, NPY, ferritin, NIHSS scores of the study group were lower than those of the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0. 05). After treatment, the total effective rate of the study group was 92. 31% ( 24 / 26), higher than 66. 67% ( 16 / 24) of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05). CONCLUSIONS: Bifidobacterium quadruple viable tablet combined with piracetam can significantly restore the gastrointestinal function and neurological function of patients with severe cerebral hemorrhage, improve the cerebrovascular function, restore the balance of intestinal flora, enhance the conscious state, improve the ability of daily life, and the clinical therapeutic effect is remarkable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This meta-analysis was conducted to analyze the effect of abdominal massage on gastrointestinal functions in the elderly. This literature search was conducted using the ClinicalKey, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases to cover studies up to June 2022. The abdominal massage group had a large effect on reducing constipation severity and abdomen circumference. The abdominal massage had no effect on stool classification. The results indicated that abdominal massage for older people appears to be effective in reducing the severity of constipation and decreasing the abdominal circumference. These results can determine that abdominal massage can be used to reduce the severity of constipation and abdominal circumference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of low-frequency electrical stimulation combined with abdominal acupoint massage on the recovery of gastrointestinal function following cesarean section. Methods: A total of 60 postoperative patients were randomly assigned to either the control group (group A, n = 30) or the observation group (group B, n = 30) between January 2021 to December 2021. The control group received conventional interventions, while the observation group received a nursing intervention consisting of low-frequency electrical stimulation combined with abdominal acupoint massage starting at 10–12 hours after the operation. The primary outcomes included the time to first bowel sound, time to flatus, time to defecation, and time to lactation. The secondary outcomes included postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores, the rate and severity of abdominal distension, and serum levels of prolactin (PRL) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). Results: The observation group had significantly earlier restoration of bowel sounds, passage of first flatus, and first defecation than the control group (p < 0.001). The VAS scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after the operation (p < 0.001). The incidence of abdominal distension in the observation group (13.3%, 4/30) was lower than that in the control group (36.7%, 11/30) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, compared to the control group, the observation group showed a significant increase in serum PRL levels and a significant decrease in VIP levels after treatment (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The application of low-frequency electrical stimulation combined with abdominal acupoint massage after cesarean section can expedite the recovery of gastrointestinal function and reduce pain and complications, such as abdominal distension. This approach can be used in clinical practice to accelerate the recovery of intestinal function after cesarean section. Clinical Trial Registration: The study was registered with the ISRCTN registry (https://www.isrctn.com/), registration number: ISRCTN16533743.

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is an organ actively involved in mechanical processes, where it detects forces via a mechanosensation mechanism. Mechanosensation relies on specialized cells termed mechanoreceptors, which convert mechanical forces into electrochemical signals via mechanosensors. The mechanosensitive Piezo1 and Piezo2 are widely expressed in various mechanosensitive cells that respond to GI mechanical forces by altering transmembrane ionic currents, such as epithelial cells, enterochromaffin cells, and intrinsic and extrinsic enteric neurons. This review highlights recent research advances on mechanosensitive Piezo channels in GI physiology and pathology. Specifically, the latest insights on the role of Piezo channels in the intestinal barrier, GI motility, and intestinal mechanosensation are summarized. Additionally, an overview of Piezo channels in the pathogenesis of GI disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and GI cancers, is provided. Overall, the presence of mechanosensitive Piezo channels offers a promising new perspective for the treatment of various GI disorders.

Background: Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas is a rare, low-grade malignant pancreatic tumor with a highly favorable prognosis. Most SPN patients are young and middle-aged women. The main controversial topic for SPN is local resection (LR) versus radical resection (RR). Theoretically, LR could lead to better gastrointestinal function (GIF) and less mental stress. However, no data is available to support this hypothesis. Methods: All SPN patients undergoing surgical treatment in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2001 to 2021 were included in the study. A cross-sectional online multiquestionnaire survey containing 110 questions was sent to them (Clinicaltrial.org, NCT05604716). This online multiquestionnaire survey focused on GIF and mental stress and consisted of eight questionnaires. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to identify independent factors impacting GIF and mental stress. Results: A total of 183 cases provided valid results. Among them, 46 patients (25.1%) underwent LR, and 137 (74.9%) underwent RR. Ninety-four cases (51.4%) underwent minimally invasive surgery (MIS), while 89 (48.6%) underwent open surgery. The average GSRS score of the patients was 1.9 ± 0.7, indicating that most suffered frommild gastrointestinal dysfunction. The scores of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 in 16 patients (8.7%) and 27 (14.8%) patients, respectively, were beyond 10.0, which indicated clinical depression and anxiety. Additionally, 19 (10.4%) patients reported poor ability to work, and 31(16.9%) patients had significant body image concerns. Compared to other clinicopathological characteristics, LR (LR vs. RR: PHQ-9 score, P=0.018; WAI average score, P=0.010; EORTC QLQ-C30, nine subdomains, P<0.05; GSRS average score, P=0.006) and MIS (MIS vs. open surgery: EORTC QLQ-C30, three subdomains, P<0.05; GSRS average score, P=0.006) were the most significant factors predicting improved GIF and reduced mental stress. Conclusions: This study systematically presents postoperative GIF and mental stress of SPN patients using validated multiquestionnaires for the first time. It provides solid evidence that LR and MIS can improve GIF and reduce mental stress after surgery for SPN patients, which could be helpful for the surgeons to make more personalized surgical plans for their patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To assess the effect of postoperative gum chewing on gastrointestinal function in women following laparoscopic gynecological surgery for benign indications. We screened 5 major databases (Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Clinicaltrials.gov) from inception till February 2023. No language restrictions were applied. We included randomized controlled trials comparing the postoperative bowel function between patients who chewed and patients who did not chew gum postoperatively after laparoscopic gynecological procedures for benign indications. Data from 5 studies on 670 patients were extracted and analyzed by 3 independent reviewers. Meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.4 software (Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Center, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2020), with mean differences (MDs), pooled risk ratios, and random-effects model. Postoperative gum chewing significantly reduced the time to first bowel sounds and the time to first passage of flatus (MD −2.58 hours 95% confidence interval (CI) −4.12 to −1.04 p =.001 and MD −3.97 hours 95% CI −6.26 to −1.68 p <.001, respectively). The time to first defecation, the time to first postoperative patients' mobilization, the length of hospital stay, and the risk of postoperative bowel obstruction showed no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups. When subgroup analysis was performed according to the type of the laparoscopic procedure, it failed to reveal a positive impact of postoperative gum chewing in both the times to first passage of flatus and first defecation following laparoscopic hysterectomies (MD −5.35 hours 95% CI −10.93 to 0.23 p =.06 and MD −15.93 hours 95% CI −40.13 to 8.28 p =.20, respectively). The results of the present meta-analysis support that postoperative gum chewing following laparoscopic gynecological procedures seems to have a positive effect on the early mobilization of the gastrointestinal tract. However, these results should be interpreted with caution due to the small number of the included randomized controlled clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background Gastrointestinal hypokinesis can occur transiently after benign gynecologic surgery. Opioids cause the side effect of postoperative gastrointestinal hypokinesis, but an opioid-sparing anaesthetic protocol based on esketamine reduces intraoperative opioid consumption. Therefore, this study hypothesised that an opioid-sparing anaesthetic protocol based on esketamine would shorten the gastrointestinal function recovery time after benign gynaecological laparoscopic surgery. Methods This was a prospective randomized controlled double-blind study conducted in a single centre. All patients scheduled for elective benign laparoscopic gynaecological surgery at Xing’an Meng People’s Hospital, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, from November 2021 to April 2022 were consecutively enrolled and randomly divided into the opioid-sparing anaesthesia group (Group OS) and the conventional anaesthesia group (Group C). Postoperative first exhaust time, feeding time and postoperative nausea and/or vomiting (PONV) were analyzed in both groups. Results A total of 71 patients were enrolled in this study, including 35 in Group OS and 36 in Group C. The general condition, operative time, type of surgery, intraoperative bleeding, intraoperative fluid volume and intraoperative urine volume were not statistically different between the two groups. Compared with Group C, significantly shorter first postoperative flatus time (11 [8, 14] h vs. 14 [11, 18], p = 0.003) and anaesthesia resuscitation time (7 [6, 9] h vs. 9 [7, 11] h, p = 0.013)were observed in the OS group. The incidence of PONV in Group OS was significantly lower compared with Group C (11.4% vs. 41.7%, p = 0.007). Conclusion The esketamine-based opioid-sparing anaesthetic protocol can shorten the postoperative first flatus time after benign laparoscopic surgery in gynaecology, and reduce the incidence of PONV. In addition, the application of esketamine may reduce the postoperative opioid dose requirement of patients. Trial registration : This study was registered with the China Clinical Trials Registry (registration number: ChiCTR2100052528, 30/10/2021).

Abstract Background The innovative closed management of universities may have influenced the physical and mental health of students during the fourth stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in China. The study aimed to assess the gastrointestinal and mental health status of students in this stage and to explore the possible risk factors and mechanisms to provide a reference for future school responses to similar stressful events. Method A multicenter, cross-sectional survey was administered to 598 college students from 10 Chinese universities. The study used the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19 S), and the Diagnostic Tendency of Functional Bowel Disease Scale (DT-FBD) to evaluate anxiety, depression, fear of COVID-19 and likelihood of being diagnose diagnosed with functional bowel disease (FBD), respectively. Results A total of 516 college students completed the questionnaire. The proportions of students with more severe anxiety, more severe depression, greater fear of COVID-19, and a greater likelihood of being diagnosed with FBD were 49.8%, 57.0%, 49%, and 49%, respectively. These symptoms were significantly and positively correlated with the frequency of irregular sleep and eating (p