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[ES] El presente proyecto se va a centrar en recoger los cálculos y especificaciones técnicas necesarias para la realización de una instalación solar fotovoltaica conectada a la red de 14,76 kWp, ubicada en la cubierta de un taller mecánico en la localidad de Relleu (Alicante). La instalación consta de 36 paneles de 410 Wp y un inversor de 15 kWn además de otros elementos, que en conjunto proporciona anualmente unos 23.376 kWh al año. Los paneles se dividirán en dos series en paralelo de 18 paneles conectados en serie para obtener el máximo rendimiento posible. Además la inclinación de las placas será la misma que la de la cubierta del taller (12º), ya que se van a usar estructuras coplanarias. El presupuesto para realizar la instalación es de 13.919,21 € con IVA. Tras realizar un estudio económico se ha obtenido que a partir del cuarto año la instalación ya estará amortizada (sin tener en cuenta el mantenimiento) y lo producido será todo beneficio para la empresa., [EN] This project will focus on the calculations and technical specifications for the construction of a 14.76 kWp grid-connected solar photovoltaic installation, located on the roof of a mechanical workshop in Relleu (Alicante). The installation consists of 36 panels of 410 Wp and an inverter of 15kWn, in addition to other elements that together provide about 23,376 kWh per year. The panels will be divided into two parallel series of 18 panels connected in series to obtain the maximum possible yield. In addition, the inclination of the panels will be the same as that of the workshop roof (12º), as co-planar structures will be used. The budget for the installation is €13,919.21 including VAT. After carrying out an economic study, it has been concluded that, after the fourth year, the installation will have already paid for itself (without taking maintenance into account) and that the company will make a profit., [CA] El present projecte se centrarà en recollir els càlculs i especificacions tècniques necessàries per a realitzar una instal·lació solar fotovoltaica connectada a la xarxa de 14,76 kWp a la coberta d’un taller mecànic en la localitat de Relleu (Alacant). La instal·lació constarà de 36 panells de 410 Wp i un inversor de 15 kWn, a més d’altres elements, que en conjunt proporcionaran anualment uns 23.376 kWh. Els panells es dividiran en dos sèries en paral·lel de 18 panells connectats en sèrie per a obtindre el màxim rendiment possible. A més, la inclinació del panells serà la mateixa que la de la coberta del taller (12º), ja que van a utilitzar-se estructures coplanàries. El pressupost per a aquesta instal·lació es de 13.919,21 € amb IVA. Després de realitzar un estudi econòmic, es pot afirmar que la instal·lació estarà amortitzada (sense tindre en compte el manteniment) al quart any

[ES] El Trabajo de Fin de Grado que se pretende llevar a cabo consta de un proyecto técnico de reforma integral sobre una vivienda existente, con el objetivo de adecuar la distribución a las nuevas necesidades de los usuarios, actualizar las calidades existentes e instalaciones, y adecuar a la normativa vigente, especialmente en materia de habitabilidad y condiciones energéticas. Se trata de un proyecto teórico-práctico ya que una vez desarrollado se podría ejecutar la propuesta. La vivienda está situada en la Avenida de La Fama nº 2, 4º A de Murcia. Su construcción data de la década de los años sesenta, coincidiendo con la ampliación del Barrio de La Fama. Forma parte de un edificio de 5 plantas con ascensor y trasteros localizados en la última planta a la que se accede por escalera y en la cual se sitúa la última vivienda anteriormente destinada al portero. La edificación solo dispone de una medianera, por lo que disfruta de tres fachadas exteriores en su envolvente. La vivienda está dotada de 3 habitaciones, baño, cocina, comedor con balcón, y trastero, y cuenta con una superficie construida de 140 m2 aproximadamente. Para el desarrollo del proyecto se elaborarán los siguientes documentos: memoria, planos e infografías 3D, presupuesto, pliego de condiciones, estudio de seguridad y salud, control de calidad, y estudio de gestión de residuos. Adicionalmente se elaborará la certificación de eficiencia energética de la vivienda., [EN] The Bachelor's Degree Thesis consists of a technical project for the integral refurbishment of an existing housing unit, with the aim of adapting the distribution to the new needs of the users, updating the existing qualities and installations, and adapting them to the current regulations, especially in terms of habitability and energy conditions. This is a theoretical-practical project, since the proposal could be executed once it has been developed. The property is located in Avenida de La Fama nº 2, 4º A in Murcia. Its construction dates back to the sixties, coinciding with the expansion of the neighbourhood of La Fama. It is part of a 5-storey building with a lift and storage rooms located on the top floor which is accessed by stairs and where the last dwelling previously used as a porter's lodge is located. The building has only one party wall, so it has three external facades in its envelope. The dwelling has 3 bedrooms, 1 bathroom, kitchen, dining room with balcony, and storage room, and has a built area of approximately 140 m2. For the development of the project, the following documents will be prepared: report, plans and 3D infographics, budget, specifications, health and safety study, quality control and waste management study. In addition, the energy efficiency certification of the house will be drawn up.

Given that access to adequate housing is a universal right and constitutes an important path towards integration in host societies, this second Word Paquet aims to review and analyze inclusion policies, placing special emphasis on those that guarantee or favor access to housing. In order to achieve it, it has been divided in the following objectives: • Review international agreements that contemplate the right of access to housing within the United Nations. • Review the agreements of the European Union in which the right of access to housing refers • Analyze in the four partner countries of the project, to what extent access to housing for newcomers (immigrants and refugees) is considered and integrated into public policies at three levels: - State laws such as immigration laws, laws for the integration of immigrants, reception laws for asylum seekers, etc. - Regulations and norms established by regional governments that favor access to housing. - Analyze the existence of local government policies with derived competencies in the area of housing.

The access to housing and accommodation constitute the primary objective in this review, but employment, health, education, social participation are also taken into consideration. This literature review is devoted to inclusion policies in France, Italy, Spain and Sweden, as they relate to civil rights, health, training, accommodation, and persistent barriers to inclusion. Migrant entrepreneurship initiatives and the impact of civil society initiatives on inclusion are also analysed in the literature. Finally, the role of the NGOs as well as the administration and the private sector are scrutinized.

In relation to our analysis of the International and European regulatory frameworks on the right to housing we have identified challenges related to the different legal categorizations of immigrants which result in exclusion from the right to housing and in increased barriers to integration. From the analysis we conducted in the four countries we have gathered many interesting results. France, although has a rather centralized administration, presents a typical example of the local turn in migration policymaking in the sense that immigrant integration initiatives, including housing, take place increasingly at the subnational level. In Italy there is 5 MERGING-D7.1 a similar situation although it is notable how divergent responses occur at the different local contexts. In Spain the local level is also in the center of housing policies implementation. The big cities in Spain have been fostering their own approach and collaborating in providing refuge both with each other and with the civil society. In Sweden although integration policies are the responsibility of the local governments, we see an opposite trend towards more central government control. Overall, in terms of governance we have concluded that the local level in all of the countries has a better sense of the housing needs but not always enough resources or political will to address them. The common denominator for all cases is the important role of NGOs in housing and integration policies. The activities of NGOs have clearly improved integration policies implementation and have filled governmental gaps in providing housing for refugees. At the same time as research shows the increased role for NGOs in migration policy making comes with challenges alongside solutions. Related to the work of NGOs, and often facilitated by them, is the wider inclusion of the society during the process of immigrant integration. We have recorded examples of hosting or co-housing initiatives which can offer larger insights on the link between housing and integration. Housing is more than a space to stay, it is also about being part of a community and therefore living together or close to the members of the society can facilitate integration.

Background Most patients with nonallergic asthma have normal serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. Recent reports suggest that total and aeroallergen-specific IgE levels in induced sputum may be higher in nonallergic asthmatics than in healthy controls. Our objective is to compare total and dust-mite specific (Der p 1) IgE levels in induced sputum in allergic and nonallergic asthmatics and healthy controls. Methods Total and Der p 1-specific IgE were measured in induced sputum (ImmunoCAP immunoassay) from 56 age- and sex-matched asthmatics (21 allergic, 35 nonallergic) and 9 healthy controls. Allergic asthma was defined as asthma with a positive prick test and/or clinically-significant Der p 1-specific serum IgE levels. Results Patients with allergic asthma presented significantly higher total and Der p 1-specific serum IgE levels. There were no significant between-group differences in total sputum IgE. However, Der p 1-specific sputum IgE levels were significantly higher (p = 0.000) in the allergic asthmatics, but without differences between the controls and nonallergic asthmatics. Serum and sputum IgE levels were significantly correlated, both for total IgE (rho = 0.498; p = 0.000) and Der p 1-specific IgE (rho, 0.621; p = 0001). Conclusions Total IgE levels measured in serum and induced sputum are significantly correlated. No significant differences were found between the differents groups in total sputum IgE. Nevertheless, the levels of Der p 1-specific sputum IgE levels were significantly higher in the allergic asthmatics, but without differences between the controls and nonallergic asthmatics. Probably due to the lack of sensitivity of the test used, but with the growing evidence for local allergic reactions better methods are need to explore its presence. The Clinical Trials Identifier for this project is NCT03640936.

Asthma with bronchial hypersecretion is a type of asthma that is poorly studied. Its pathogenesis is not well understood, but is probably related to innate impaired immunity, particularly with toll-like receptors (TLRs) and secretory mucins (MUC). Objectives 1) Define the clinical and inflammatory phenotype of asthma with bronchial hypersecretion of mucus. 2) Compare the type of mucin present in induced sputum (IS) of patients with and without bronchial hypersecretion. 3) Determine the expression of TLRs in IS and blood of asthmatics with and without bronchial hypersecretion. Materials and methods Cross-sectional study which included 43 non-smoking asthmatic patients without bronchiectasis, 19 with bronchiectasis, and 24 without bronchial hypersecretion. All patients underwent the following: IS, spirometry, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, prick test, total immunoglobulin E (IgE), and blood albumin. Analysis of mucins was determined by ELISA and expression of TLR2 and TLR4 by flow cytometry. The level of asthma control was determined by the Asthma Control Test (ACT) questionnaire and quality of life was assessed by the reduced version of the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (mini-AQLQ). Results Asthmatics with bronchial hypersecretion were significantly older (62.6 years vs 48.5 years; p=0.02); had greater severity (persistent severe asthma 94.7% vs 29.2%; p=0.000); a higher proportion of nasal polyposis (36.8% vs 8.3%; p=0.022); less control of asthma (73.7% vs 8.3%; p=0,000); a higher proportion of asthma with negative prick test (68.4% vs 16.6%; p=0.001), and lower levels of IgE (113.4 IU/mL vs 448 IU/mL; p=0.007), compared with asthmatics without bronchial hypersecretion. Significant differences were observed neither in the expression of TLRs 2 and 4 in inflammatory cells of IS or peripheral blood, nor in the expression of mucins between both groups. Conclusion Asthma patients with bronchial hypersecretion have more severe and uncontrolled disease, with poor quality of life as well as a non-allergic inflammatory phenotype. Within the mechanisms involving these differences, it does not appear that mucins and TLRs play an important role., Video abstract

El Plan Municipal de Inmigración e interculturalidad 2019-2022 se basa en las conclusiones del estudio realizado sobre la situación del vecindario inmigrante en Valencia, Torres, F. (dir), Pérez, Y., Mut, E., Giner, J. y Monsell, M. (2018). Hacia una ciudad intercultural. El vecindario inmigrante en Valencia. 2006 – 2016, en los resultados del proceso participativo realizado durante cuatro meses con diversas asociaciones pertenecientes al Consejo Local de Inmigración e Interculturalidad de Valencia y en el trabajo del equipo redactor. La propuesta de Plan, del que aquí figura la versión definitiva aprobada por el Pleno de la corporación, constituyó la segunda fase del contrato de Investigación entre el Ayuntamiento de Valencia y la Universidad de Valencia para la realización de un Estudio-diagnóstico de la inmigración en la ciudad de València y el diseño y redacción del Plan Municipal de Inmigración e Interculturalidad 2018-2022.

En los últimos veinte años el panorama de las migraciones en el Estado español ha experimentado notables transformaciones protagonizadas por diversos procesos migratorios que han provocado un notable impacto demográfico, social, cultural, político y económico en los distintos territorios que conforman el país. En este capítulo abordamos, concretamente, tres procesos migratorios que han acontecido simultáneamente en el tiempo o bien de manera consecutiva, con algunas oscilaciones y vaivenes: la inmigración procedente de países extracomunitarios, la de los colectivos comunitarios procedentes del norte de Europa y la nueva emigración española de carácter cualificado. Tres perspectivas diferentes pertenecientes al mismo fenómeno (migración y movilidad) y cuyo análisis nos ofrece, además, un retrato de la realidad social actual y de sus carencias, problemáticas, avances, retrocesos y desafíos.

Rationale Respiratory infections are common after strenuous exercise, when salivary immunity may be altered. We aim to investigate changes in salivary immunity after a marathon and its relationship with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in healthy non-elite marathon runners. Methods Forty seven healthy marathon runners (28 males and 19 females) who completed the 42.195 km of the 2016 Barcelona marathon were studied. Saliva and blood samples were collected the day before the marathon and two days after the end of the race. Salivary IgA, antimicrobial proteins (lactoferrin, lysozyme) and chemokines (Gro alpha, Gro beta, MCP-1) were determined using ELISA kits in saliva supernatant. Blood biochemistry and haemogram were analyzed in all participants. The presence of LRTI was considered in those runners who reported infectious lower respiratory tract symptoms during a minimum of 3 consecutive days in the 2 weeks after the race. Results Eight participants (17%) presented a LRTI during the 2 weeks of follow-up. Higher lysozyme levels were detected after the race in runners with LRTI when compared with those without infection. A decrease in salivary lysozyme, Gro alpha and Gro beta levels after the race were observed in those runners who did not develop a LRTI when compared to basal levels. Salivary Gro alpha levels correlated with basophil blood counts, and salivary lysozyme levels correlated with leukocyte blood counts. Conclusions LRTI are common after a marathon race in non-elite healthy runners. Changes in salivary antimicrobial proteins and chemokines are related to the presence of LRTI and correlate with systemic defense cells, which suggest an important role of salivary immunity in the development of LRTI in non-elite marathon runners.