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In this mini review, we explore the complex network of inflammatory reactions incited by SARS-CoV-2 infection, which extends its reach well beyond the respiratory domain to influence various organ systems. Synthesizing existing literature, it elucidates how the hyperinflammation observed in COVID-19 patients affects multiple organ systems leading to physiological impairments that can persist over long after the resolution of infection. By exploring the systemic manifestations of this inflammatory cascade, from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) to renal impairment and neurological sequelae, the review highlights the profound interplay between inflammation and organ dysfunction. By synthesizing recent research and clinical observations, this mini review aims to provide an overview of the systemic interactions and complications associated with COVID-19, underscoring the need for an integrated approach to treatment and management. Understanding these systemic effects is crucial for improving patient outcomes and preparing for future public health challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has posed unprecedented challenges to global health systems, particularly among vulnerable populations such as the elderly. Understanding the interplay between anthropometric markers, molecular profiles, and disease severity is crucial for effective clinical management and intervention strategies. We conducted a cohort study comprising 43 elderly COVID-19 patients admitted to São Lucas Hospital, PUCRS, Brazil. Anthropometric measurements, including calf circumference (CC) and abdominal circumference (AC), were assessed alongside molecular analyses of peripheral blood samples obtained within 48 h of hospital admission. Sociodemographic data were collected from electronic medical records for comprehensive analysis. Our findings revealed a possible relationship between overweight status, increased abdominal adiposity, and prolonged hospitalization duration, alongside heightened disease severity. We also found no significant correlations between BMI, vitamin D levels, and clinical outcomes. Elevated oxygen requirements were observed in both normal and overweight individuals, with the latter necessitating prolonged oxygen therapy. Molecular analyses revealed changes in the inflammatory profile regarding the outcome of the patients. Our study highlights the critical importance of both anthropometric and molecular markers in predicting disease severity and clinical outcomes in elderly individuals with COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this mini review, we explore the complex network of inflammatory reactions incited by SARS-CoV-2 infection, which extends its reach well beyond the respiratory domain to influence various organ systems. Synthesizing existing literature, it elucidates how the hyperinflammation observed in COVID-19 patients affects multiple organ systems leading to physiological impairments that can persist over long after the resolution of infection. By exploring the systemic manifestations of this inflammatory cascade, from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) to renal impairment and neurological sequelae, the review highlights the profound interplay between inflammation and organ dysfunction. By synthesizing recent research and clinical observations, this mini review aims to provide an overview of the systemic interactions and complications associated with COVID-19, underscoring the need for an integrated approach to treatment and management. Understanding these systemic effects is crucial for improving patient outcomes and preparing for future public health challenges., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Guarienti, Gonçalves, Gonçalves, Antônio Costa Xavier, Marinowic and Machado.)