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In equatorial Brazil, the association of Burkitt lymphoma and Epstein-Barr virus manifests at high rates. Here, we report, for the first time, amplifications of aurora kinase genes (AURKA/B) in a patient with a history of periodontal abscess and the presence of a remaining nodule, diagnosed with Burkitt lymphoma and Epstein-Barr virus, and/HIV positive. The patient was a 38-year-old man who presented with a 2-week-old severe jaw pain and a 3-day-old severe bilateral headache. He had a history of human papilloma virus. Interphase FISH analysis showed AURKA and AURKB amplification. The patient's condition worsened, progressing to death a month after the initial care. Changes in the MYCC and AURKA pathways are directly associated with genomic instability. Thus, MYCC rearrangements and higher expression of AURKA/B may be associated with therapy resistance, highlighting the importance of AURKA/B evaluation in Burkitt lymphoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The presented case-control study was developed to characterize the clinical, histopathological and immunological profile of patients with traumatic injuries, benign neoplasms, potentially malignant oral disorders and malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity, in order to identify biomarkers of malignancy. Material and Methods: Clinical information was collected from dental records and several techniques were performed, including histopathological evaluation in sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemistry for programmed death ligand-1 and measurement of serum levels of interferon-gamma, interleukin-6, -10 and -12. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS® Statistics software. Results: This study included 8 patients with traumatic injuries, 8 with benign neoplasms, 6 with potentially malignant oral disorders and 11 with malignant neoplasms. An association was observed between the classification of the lesion and smoking (P < 0.05), the size of the lesion (P < 0.05), the density of the inflammatory infiltrate (P < 0.001), the degree of dysplasia (P < 0.01) and programmed death ligand-1 expression (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Therefore, it is suggested that smoking, the size of the lesion, the inflammatory infiltrate and the programmed death ligand-1 expression can be considered potential biomarkers of oral malignancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exposure to pesticides is an important risk factor for genotoxicity in farmworkers. Once there is a possibility that genotoxicity is related to the autoimmunity process, the present study aimed to characterize genotoxicity and possible immunological alterations related to chronic and direct exposure to a complex mixture of pesticides. It employed Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), IL-12 and IL-10 as biomarkers of cellular immune function. DNA damage was greater in the exposed group (p < 0.05). Both IL-6 and IL-12 were significantly increased in the exposed group (p < 0.05 and < 0.01, respectively); on the other hand, Il-10 levels were decreased (p < 0.01). Evaluation of the association between cytokine levels and epidemiological variables showed a correlation between alcohol consumption and higher levels of IL-12 (p < 0.05). In addition, negative correlation between % DNA and IFN-γ (p < 0.05) as well as % DNA and IL-6 (p < 0.05) and positive correlation was found between IL-6 levels and absolute number of T CD8+ lymphocytes (p < 0.05) as well as between IL-10 levels and absolute number of T CD4+ lymphocytes (p < 0.05). No association between all the evaluation parameters was found in the non-exposed group. The observed alterations related to chronic and direct exposure to a complex mixture of pesticides may allow the monitoring of these workers to minimize the negative impact caused on their health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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