Search

Hypoxia and reperfusion can result in many pathological complications in the fetus including retinopathy, ischemic encephalopathy and even stillbirth. The adverse effects are due to excess production of free radicals that attack vital bio-molecules such as DNA and enzymes. Antioxidant treatment may be a way to alleviate oxidative stress. Green tea is a source of antioxidants. It contains polyphenols mainly catechins, that possess high reducing power and low toxicity. Major catechin compounds in green tea are (+)-catechin (C), (-)-epicatechin (EC, (-)-gallocatechin (GC), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (-)-catechin gallate (CG), (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG), (-)-gallocatechin gallate (GCG) and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). Accordingly, catechins may be ideal agents for antioxidant treatment of the fetus exposed to hypoxia during pregnancy., In the animal experiments, rat mothers, at the 15.5th gestation day, were intragastrically administrated a single dose of green tea extract. The pharmacokinetic profiles of catechins in maternal plasma, whole embryos and embryonic organs were investigated. The catechins GC, ECG, C, EC, were found to exhibit non-linear capacity limited pharmacokinetic behaviour implying their metabolism or absorption was saturated. Catechin gallates, EGCG and ECG, appeared to exhibit enterohepatic re-circulation behaviour. Peak time was about 1 hour for both groups of catechins; the half life of the catechin group was about 1 hour while that of EGCG and ECG was about 3.7 hours. EC, EGC and EGCG were the dominant compounds present in plasma. All catechins exhibited a consecutive one-compartment model in the embryo, where EGCG, ECG, EGC and EC were dominant compounds and ECG had the highest penetrability. (Abstract shortened by UMI.), In this study, pregnant rat dams were fed green tea extract in an attempt to raise catechin levels in the rat embryo in order to scavenge free radicals. To test this hypothetical application, we first established analytical methods to evaluate oxidative stress and catechins levels of the fetus in vivo. The methodologies included assaying F2-isoprostanes in cord blood and determining catechin levels in biological fluids and tissues. We further utilized these new sensitive analytical methods to investigate the pharmacokinetics of the catechins in maternal rat plasma, whole embryos and embryonic organs. Since no data has been previously reported on the toxic effects of catechins on embryos, we also tested the toxic effects of various concentrations of catechins on the developing embryonic features in embryo culture., Chu Kai On., "April 2005.", Advisers: Michael Scott Rogers; Chi Pui Pang., Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-01, Section: B, page: 0244., Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005., Includes bibliographical references (p. 208-241)., Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web., Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web., in English and Chinese., School code: 1307., isbn: 9780542515651, Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Li, Yuk Man., Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005., Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-132)., s in English and Chinese., ACKNOWLEDGMENTS --- p.i, p.ii, LIST OF ABBREVATIONS --- p.vii, TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.x, Chapter Chapter 1 --- General Introduction, Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1, Chapter 1.2 --- Theories of aging --- p.2, Chapter 1.2.1 --- Free radical theory of aging --- p.3, Chapter 1.2.2 --- Free radicals reactions and their effects --- p.4, Chapter 1.2.2.1 --- Lipid peroxidation --- p.6, Chapter 1.2.2.2 --- Protein oxidation --- p.6, Chapter 1.2.2.3 --- DNA oxidation --- p.8, Chapter 1.2.2.4 --- Carbohydrate oxidation --- p.8, Chapter 1.2.3 --- Antioxidant defense systems --- p.9, Chapter 1.2.3.1 --- Superoxide dismutase (SOD) --- p.9, Chapter 1.2.3.2 --- Catalase --- p.11, Chapter 1.2.3.3 --- Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and reductase --- p.11, Chapter 1.3 --- Models on aging study --- p.12, Chapter 1.3.1 --- Non-mammalian model systems --- p.12, Chapter 1.3.1.1 --- History of Drosophila on longevity study --- p.14, Chapter 1.3.1.2 --- Advantages of Drosophila model --- p.14, Chapter 1.3.2 --- Mammalian model systems --- p.15, Chapter 1.4 --- Antioxidant effects on aging process --- p.16, Chapter 1.4.1 --- Antioxidant capacity of tea --- p.16, Chapter 1.4.2 --- Antioxidant capacity of vegetables --- p.19, Chapter 1.5 --- Dietary fat on longevity --- p.21, Chapter Chapter 2 --- Anti-aging: Effects of Green Tea Catechins on Life Span and Antioxidant Enzymes of Drosophila melanogaster, Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.24, Chapter 2.2 --- Gbjectives --- p.27, Chapter 2.3 --- Materials and methods --- p.28, Chapter 2.3.1 --- Materials --- p.28, Chapter 2.3.2 --- Preparation of GTCs --- p.28, Chapter 2.3.3 --- Feeding experiment --- p.30, Chapter 2.3.3.1 --- Dose determination --- p.31, Chapter 2.3.3.2 --- Paraquat treatment --- p.31, Chapter 2.3.3.3 --- Hydrogen peroxide (H202) treatment --- p.33, Chapter 2.3.3.4 --- Enzyme activity assay --- p.34, Chapter 2.3.4 --- Enzyme analysis --- p.34, Chapter 2.3.4.1 --- SOD activity --- p.34, Chapter 2.3.4.2 --- Catalase activity --- p.35, Chapter 2.3.4.3 --- Lipid hydorperoxies (LOOHs) formation --- p.36, Chapter 2.3.4.4 --- Determination of protein concentration --- p.37, Chapter 2.3.5 --- Semi-quantitative RT-PCR assay --- p.37, Chapter 2.3.5.1 --- RNA isolation --- p.37, Chapter 2.3.5.2 --- Primer sequences --- p.38, Chapter 2.3.5.3 --- Reverse Transcriptase PCR --- p.40, Chapter 2.3.6 --- Statistics --- p.40, Chapter 2.4 --- Results --- p.42, Chapter 2.4.1 --- Dose determination --- p.42, Chapter 2.4.2 --- Paraquat treatment --- p.45, Chapter 2.4.3 --- H202 treatment --- p.48, Chapter 2.4.4 --- SOD activity --- p.51, Chapter 2.4.5 --- Catalase activity --- p.51, Chapter 2.4.6 --- LOOHs formation --- p.53, Chapter 2.4.7 --- Semi-quantitative RT-PCR assay --- p.53, Chapter 2.5 --- Discussion --- p.55, Chapter Chapter 3 --- Anti-aging: Effects of Vegetable Extracts on Life Span and Antioxidant Enzymes of Drosophila melanogaster, Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.62, Chapter 3.2 --- Objectives --- p.64, Chapter 3.3 --- Materials and methods --- p.65, Chapter 3.3.1 --- Materials --- p.65, Chapter 3.3.2 --- Preparation of vegetables extracts --- p.65, Chapter 3.3.3 --- Feeding experiment --- p.65, Chapter 3.3.3.1 --- Dose determination --- p.66, Chapter 3.3.3.2 --- Paraquat and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment --- p.67, Chapter 3.3.4 --- Lipid hydroperoxide (LOOHs) formation --- p.67, Chapter 3.3.5 --- Enzyme analysis --- p.67, Chapter 3.3.6 --- Semi-quantitative RT-PCR assay --- p.67, Chapter 3.3.7 --- Statistics --- p.68, Chapter 3.4 --- Results --- p.69, Chapter 3.4.1 --- Dose determination --- p.69, Chapter 3.4.2 --- Antioxidant effect among different vegetables --- p.69, Chapter 3.4.3 --- SOD activity --- p.76, Chapter 3.4.4 --- Catalase activity --- p.76, Chapter 3.4.5 --- LOOHs formation --- p.78, Chapter 3.4.6 --- Semi-quantitative RT-PCR assay --- p.78, Chapter 3.5 --- Discussion --- p.80, Chapter Chapter 4 --- Anti-aging Activity of Greeen Tea Catechins and Broccoli Extracts in Drosophila melanogaster Fed a High Fat Diet, Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.85, Chapter 4.2 --- Objectives --- p.87, Chapter 4.3 --- Materials and methods --- p.88, Chapter 4.3.1 --- Materials --- p.88, Chapter 4.3.2 --- Preparation of free fatty acid --- p.88, Chapter 4.3.3 --- Prepartion of GTCs and BEs --- p.89, Chapter 4.3.4 --- Feeding experiment --- p.89, Chapter 4.3.5 --- LOOHs formation --- p.90, Chapter 4.3.6 --- Enzyme analysis --- p.91, Chapter 4.3.7 --- Semi-quantitative RT-PCR assay --- p.91, Chapter 4.3.8 --- Statistics --- p.91, Chapter 4.4 --- Results --- p.92, Chapter 4.4.1 --- Dose determination --- p.92, Chapter 4.4.2 --- Effects of GTCs or BEs on life span with lard consumption --- p.95, Chapter 4.4.3 --- LOOHs formation --- p.101, Chapter 4.4.4 --- SOD activity --- p.103, Chapter 4.4.5 --- Catalase activity --- p.107, Chapter 4.4.6 --- Semi-quantitative RT-PCR assay --- p.110, Chapter 4.5 --- Discussion --- p.112, References --- p.121, http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5892503, Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999., Includes bibliographical references (p. 218-235)., Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web., Mode of access: World Wide Web., s in English and Chinese., http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6073186, Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)