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2. Baseline characteristics of patients in the Reduction of Events with Darbepoetin alfa in Heart Failure trial (RED-HF)

Author

McMurray, John J.V., Anand, Inder S., Diaz, Rafael, Maggioni, Aldo P., OʼConnor, Christopher, Pfeffer, Marc A., Solomon, Scott D., Tendera, Michal, van Veldhuisen, Dirk J., Albizem, Moetaz, Cheng, Sunfa, Scarlata, Debra, Swedberg, Karl, Young, James B., Amuchastegui, M., Belziti, C., Bluguermann, J., Caccavo, M., Cartasegna, L., Colque, R., Cuneo, C., Fernandez, A., Gabito, A., Goicochea, R., Gonzalez, M., Gorosito, V., Grinfeld, L., Hominal, M., Kevorkian, R., Litvak Bruno, M., Llanos, J., Mackinnon, I., Manuale, O., Marzetti, E., Nul, D., Perna, E., Riccitelli, M., Sanchez, A., Santos, D., Schygiel, P., Toblli, J., Vogel, D., Aggarwal, A., Amerena, J., De Looze, F., Fletcher, P., Hare, D., Ireland, M., Krum, H., Lattimore, J., Marwick, T., Sindone, A., Thompson, P., Waites, J., Altenberger, J., Ebner, C., Lenz, K., Pacher, R., Poelzl, G., Charlier, F., de Ceuninck, M., De Keulenaer, G., Dendale, P., Maréchal, P., Mullens, W., Thoeng, J., Vanderheyden, M., Vanhaecke, J., Weytjens, C., Wollaert, B., Albuquerque, D., Almeida, D., Aspe y Rosas, J., Bocchi, E., Bordignon, S., Clausell, N., Kaiser, S., Leaes, P., Martins Alves, S., Montera, M., Moura, L., Pereira de Castro, R., Rassi, S., Reis, A., Saraiva, J., Simões, M., Souza Neto, J., Teixeira, M., Benov, H., Chompalova, B., Donova, T., Georgiev, P., Gotchev, D., Goudev, A., Grigorov, M., Guenova, D., Hergeldjieva, V., Ivanov, D., Kostova, E., Manolova, A., Marchev, S., Nikolov, F., Popov, A., Raev, D., Tzekova, M., Czarnecki, W., Giannetti, N., Haddad, H., Heath, J., Huynh, T., Lepage, S., Liu, P., Lonn, E., Ma, P., Manyari, D., Moe, G., Parker, J., Pesant, Y., Rajda, M., Ricci, J., Roth, S., Sestier, F., Sluzar, V., Sussex, B., Vizel, S., Antezana, G., Bugueno, C., Castro, P., Conejeros, C., Manriquez, L., Martinez, D., Potthoff, S., Stockins, B., Vukasovic, J., Gregor, P., Herold, M., Jerabek, O., Jirmar, R., Kuchar, R., Linhart, A., Podzemska, B., Soucek, M., Spac, J., Spacek, R., Vodnansky, P., Bronnum-Schou, J., Clemmensen, K., Egstrup, K., Jensen, G., Kjoller-Hansen, L., Kober, L., Markenvard, J., Rokkedal, J., Skagen, K., Torp-Pedersen, C., Tuxen, C., Videbak, L., Laks, T., Vahula, V., Harjola, V., Kettunen, R., Kotila, M., Bauer, F., Cohen Solal, A., Coisne, D., Davy, J., De Groote, P., Dos Santos, P., Funck, F., Galinier, M., Gibelin, P., Isnard, R., Neuder, Y., Roul, G., Sabatier, R., Trochu, J., Anker, S., Denny, S., Dreykluft, T., Flesch, M., Genth-Zotz, S., Hambrecht, R., Hein, J., Jeserich, M., John, M., Kreider-Stempfle, H., Laufs, U., Muellerleile, K., Natour, M., Sandri, M., Schäufele, T., von Hodenberg, E., Weyland, K., Winkelmann, B., Tse, H., Yan, B., Barsi, B., Csikasz, J., Dezsi, C., Edes, I., Forster, T., Karpati, P., Kerekes, C., Kis, E., Kosa, I., Lupkovics, G., Nagy, A., Preda, I., Ronaszeki, A., Tomcsanyi, J., Zamolyi, K., Agarwal, D., Bahl, V., Bordoloi, A., Chockalingam, K., Chopda, M., Chopra, V., Dugal, J., Ghaisas, N., Ghosh, S., Grant, P., Hiremath, S., Iyengar, S., Jagadeesa Subramania, B., Jain, P., Joshi, A., Khan, A., Mullasari, A., Naik, S., Oomman, A., Pai, V., Pareppally Gopal, R., Parikh, K., Patel, T., Prakash, V., Sastry, B., Sathe, S., Sinha, N., Srikanthan, V., Subburamakrishnan, P., Thacker, H., Wander, G., Admon, D., Katz, A., Klainman, E., Lewis, B., Marmor, A., Moriel, M., Mosseri, M., Shotan, A., Weinstein, J., Zimlichman, R., Agostoni, P., Albanese, M., Alunni, G., Bini, R., Boccanelli, A., Bolognese, L., Campana, C., Carbonieri, E., Carpino, C., Checco, L., Cosmi, F., DʼAngelo, G., De Cristofaro, M., Floresta, A., Fucili, A., Galvani, M., Ivleva, A., Marra, S., Musca, G., Peccerillo, N., Perrone Filardi, P., Picchio, E., Russo, T., Scelsi, L., Senni, M., Tavazzi, L., Erglis, A., Jasinkevica, I., Kakurina, N., Veze, I., Volans, E., Bagdonas, A., Berukstis, E., Celutkiene, J., Dambrauskaite, A., Jarasuniene, D., Luksiene, D., Rudys, A., Sakalyte, G., Sliaziene, S., Aguilar-Romero, R., Cardona-Muñoz, E., Castro-Jimenez, J., Chavez-Herrera, J., Chuquiure Valenzuela, E., De la Pena, G., Herrera, E., Leiva-Pons, J., Lopez Alvarado, A., Mendez Machado, G., Ramos-Lopez, G., Basart, D., Buijs, E., Cornel, J., de Leeuw, M., Dijkgraaf, R., Dunselman, P., Freericks, M., Hamraoui, K., Lenderlink, T., Linssen, G., Lodewick, P., Lodewijks, C., Lok, D., Nierop, P., Ronner, E., Somsen, A., van Dantzig, J., van der Burgh, P., van Kempen, L., van Vlies, B., Voors, A., Wardeh, A., Willems, F., Dickstein, K., Gundersen, T., Hole, T., Thalamus, J., Westheim, A., Dabrowski, M., Gorski, J., Korewicki, J., Kuc, K., Miekus, P., Musial, W., Niegowska, J., Piotrowski, W., Podolec, P., Polonski, L., Ponikowski, P., Rynkiewicz, A., Szelemej, R., Trusz-Gluza, M., Ujda, M., Wojciechowski, D, Wysokinski, A., Camacho, A., Fonseca, C., Monteiro, P., Apetrei, E., Bruckner, I., Carasca, E., Coman, I., Datcu, M., Dragulescu, S., Ionescu, P., Iordachescu-Petica, D., Manitiu, I., Popa, V., Pop-Moldovan, A., Radoi, M., Stamate, S., Tomescu, M., Vita, I., Aroutiounov, G., Ballyuzek, M., Bart, B., Churina, S., Glezer, M., Goloshchekin, B., Ivleva, A., Kobalava, Z., Kostenko, V., Lopatin, Y., Martynov, A., Orlov, V., Semernin, E., Shogenov, Z., Sidorenko, B., Skvortsov, A., Storzhakov, G., Sulimov, V., Talibov, O., Tereshenko, S., Tsyrline, V., Zadionchenko, V., Zateyshchikov, D., Dzupina, A., Hranai, M., Kmec, J., Micko, K., Murin, J., Pella, D., Sojka, G., Spisak, V., Vahala, P., Vinanska, D., Badat, A., Bayat, J., Dawood, S., Delport, E., Ellis, G., Garda, R., Klug, E., Mabin, T., Naidoo, D., Pretorius, M., Ranjith, N., Van Zyl, L., Weich, H., Anguita, M., Berrazueta, J., Bruguera i Cortada, J., de Teresa, E., Gómez Sánchez, M., González Juanatey, J., Gonzalez-Maqueda, I., Jordana, R., Lupon, J., Manzano, L., Pascual Figal, D., Pulpón, L., Recio, J., Ridocci Soriano, F., Rodríguez Lambert, J., Roig Minguell, E., Roig Minguell, E., Romero, J., Valdovinos, P., Klintberg, L., Kronvall, T., Lycksell, M., Morner, S., Rydberg, E., Swedberg, K., Timberg, I., Wikstrom, G., Moccetti, T.4, Ashok, J., Banerjee, P., Carr-White, G., Cleland, J., Connolly, E., Francis, M., Greenbaum, R., Kadr, H., Lindsay, S., McMurray, J., Megarry, S., Memon, A., Murdoch, D., Senior, R., Squire, I., Tan, L., Witte, K., Adams, K., Adamson, P., Adler, A., Altschul, L., Altschuller, A., Amirani, H., Anand, I., Andreou, C., Ansari, M., Antonishen, M., Banchs, H., Banerjee, S., Banish, D., Bank, A., Barbagelata, A., Barnard, D., Bellinger, R., Benn, A., Berk, M., Berry, B., Bethala, V., Bilazarian, S., Bisognano, J., Bleyer, F., Blum, M., Boehmer, J., Bouchard, A., Boyle, A., Bozkurt, B., Brown, C., Burlew, B., Burnham, K., Butler, J., Call, J., Cambier, P., Cappola, T., Carlson, R., Chandler, B., Chandra, R., Chandraratna, P., Chernick, R., Colan, D., Colfer, H., Colucci, W., Connelly, T., Costantini, O., Dadkhah, S., Dauber, I., Davis, J., Davis, S., Denning, S., Drazner, M., Dunlap, S., Egbujiobi, L., Elkayam, U., Elliott, J., El-Shahawy, M., Essandoh, L., Ewald, G., Fang, J., Farhoud, H., Felker, G., Fernandez, J., Festin, R., Fishbein, G., Florea, V., Flores, E., Floro, J., Gabris, M., Garg, M., Gatewood, R., Geller, M., Ghali, J., Ghumman, W., Gibbs, G., Gillespie, E., Gilmore, R., Gogia, H., Goldberg, L., Gradus-Pizlo, I., Grainger, T., Gudmundsson, G., Gunawardena, D., Gupta, D., Hack, T., Hall, S., Hamroff, G., Hankins, S., Hanna, M., Hargrove, J., Haught, W., Hauptman, P., Hazelrigg, M., Herzog, C., Heywood, J., Hill, T., Hilton, T., Hirsch, H., Hunter, J., Ibrahim, H., Imburgia, M., Iteld, B., Jackson, B., Jaffrani, N., Jain, D., Jain, A., James, M., Jimenez, J., Johnson, E., Kale, P., Kaneshige, A., Kapadia, S., Karia, D., Karlsberg, R., Katholi, R., Kerut, E., Khoury, W., Kipperman, R., Klapholz, M., Kosinski, E., Kozinn, M., Kraus, D., Krueger, S., Krum, H., Kumar, S., Lader, E., Lee, C., Levy, W., Lewis, E., Light-McGroary, K., Loh, I., Lombardi, W., Machado, C., Maislos, F., Mancini, D., Markus, T., Mather, P., McCants, K., McGrew, F., McLaurin, B., McMillan, E., McNamara, D., Meyer, T., Meymandi, S., Miller, A., Minami, E., Modi, M., Mody, F., Mohanty, P., Moscoso, R., Moskowitz, R., Moustafa, M., Mullen, M., Naz, T., Noonan, T., OʼBrien, T., Oellerich, W., Oren, R., Pamboukian, S., Pereira, N., Pitt, W., Porter, C., Prabhu, S., Promisloff, S., Ratkovec, R., Richardson, R., Ross, A., Saleh, N., Saltzberg, M., Sarkar, S., Schmedtje, J., Schneider, R., Schuyler, G., Shanes, J., Sharma, A., Siegel, C., Siegel, R., Silber, D., Singh, V., Singh, N., Singh, J., Sklar, J., Small, R., Smith, A., Smith, E., Smith, E., Smull, D., Sotolongo, R., Staniloae, C., Stapleton, D., Steele, P., Stehlik, J., Stein, M., Tang, W., Thadani, U., Torre-Amoine, G., Trichon, B., Tsai, C., Tummala, R., Van Bakel, A., Vicari, R., Vijay, N., Vijayaraghavan, K., Vittorio, T., Vossler, M., Wagoner, L., Wallis, D., Ward, N., Widmer, M., Wight, J., Wilkins, C., Williams, C., Williams, G., Winchester, M., Winkel, E., Wittmer, B., Wood, D., Wormer, D., Wright, R., Xu, Z., Yasin, M., and Zolty, R.

Published
2013
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10. Treatment of Anemia with Darbepoetin Alfa in Systolic Heart Failure

Author

Karl Swedberg, James B. Young, Inder S. Anand, Sunfa Cheng, Akshay S. Desai, Rafael Diaz, Aldo P. Maggioni, John J. V. McMurray, Christopher O'Connor, Marc A. Pfeffer, Scott D. Solomon, Yan Sun, Michal Tendera, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Young J, Grinfeld L, Krum H, Vanhaecke J, Olivera Clausell N, Goudev A, Howlett J, Corbalan R, Hradec J, Kober L, Eha J, Cohen Solal A, Anker SD, Chopra V, Lewis B, Erglis A, Sakalyte G, Cardona Munoz E, Dunselman P, Dickstein K, Ponikowski P, Seabra Gomes R, Apetrei E, Mareev V, Murin J, Dalby A, Lopez Sendon J, Willenheimer R, Cleland J, Adams K, Anand I, Butler J, Dunlap M, Felker M, Ghali J, Levy W, Carson P, Cohn J, Drexler H, Pocock S, Ryden L, Poole Wilson P, Fishbane S, Ivanovich P, Nissenson A, Katz S, Barkoudah E, Campbell P, Desai A, Finn PV, Hartley L, Kasabov R, Odutayo KA, Rajesh V, Solomon S, Weinrauch LA, Albizem M, Cheng S, Chou W, Deegenaars M, Dougherty M, Fouqueray B, Froissart M, Froment A, Gadd S, Ghosh S, Grazette L, Guillet S, Gulabani D, Haddock B, Harris C, Jaffer A, Kerns C, Kim J, Knussel B, Law H, Mather R, Mix C, Moore L, Moyes R, Polu K, Rossert J, Scarlata D, Smirnakis K, Smith L, Snyder W, Sun Y, Trotman ML, Wasserman S, Watkins A, Wong M, Zhang Y, Amuchastegui M, Belziti C, Bluguermann J, Caccavo M, Cartasegna L, Colque R, Cuneo C, Fernandez A, Gabito A, Goicochea R, Gonzalez M, Gorosito V, Hominal M, Kevorkian R, Litvak Bruno M, Llanos J, Mackinnon I, Manuale O, Marzetti E, Nul D, Perna E, Riccitelli M, Sanchez A, Santos D, Schygiel P, Toblli J, Vogel D, Aggarwal A, Amerena J, De Looze F, Fletcher P, Hare D, Ireland M, Lattimore J, Marwick T, Sindone A, Thompson P, Waites J, Altenberger J, Ebner C, Lenz K, Pacher R, Poelzl G, Charlier F, de Ceuninck M, De Keulenaer G, Dendale P, Maréchal P, Mullens W, Thoeng J, Vanderheyden M, Weytjens C, Wollaert B, Albuquerque D, Almeida D, Aspe y. Rosas J, Bocchi E, Bordignon S, Clausell N, Kaiser S, Leaes P, Martins Alves S, Montera M, Moura L, Pereira de Castro R, Rassi S, Reis A, Saraiva J, Simões M, Souza Neto J, Teixeira M, Benov H, Chompalova B, Donova T, Georgiev P, Gotchev D, Grigorov M, Guenova D, Hergeldjieva V, Ivanov D, Kostova E, Manolova A, Marchev S, Nikolov F, Popov A, Raev D, Tzekova M, Czarnecki W, Giannetti N, Haddad H, Heath J, Huynh T, Lepage S, Liu P, Lonn E, Ma P, Manyari D, Moe G, Parker J, Pesant Y, Rajda M, Ricci J, Roth S, Sestier F, Sluzar V, Sussex B, Vizel S, Antezana G, Bugueno C, Castro P, Conejeros C, Manriquez L, Martinez D, Potthoff S, Stockins B, Vukasovic J, Gregor P, Herold M, Jerabek O, Jirmar R, Kuchar R, Linhart A, Podzemska B, Soucek M, Spac J, Spacek R, Vodnansky P, Bronnum Schou J, Clemmensen K, Egstrup K, Jensen G, Kjoller Hansen L, Markenvard J, Rokkedal J, Skagen K, Torp Pedersen C, Tuxen C, Videbak L, Laks T, Vahula V, Harjola V, Kettunen R, Kotila M, Bauer F, Coisne D, Davy J, De Groote P, Dos Santos P, Funck F, Galinier M, Gibelin P, Isnard R, Neuder Y, Roul G, Sabatier R, Trochu J, Denny S, Dreykluft T, Flesch M, Genth Zotz S, Hambrecht R, Hein J, Jeserich M, John M, Kreider Stempfle H, Laufs U, Muellerleile K, Natour M, Sandri M, Schäufele T, von Hodenberg E, Weyland K, Winkelmann B, Tse H, Yan B, Barsi B, Csikasz J, Dezsi C, Edes I, Forster T, Karpati P, Kerekes C, Kis E, Kosa I, Lupkovics G, Nagy A, Preda I, Ronaszeki A, Tomcsanyi J, Zamolyi K, Agarwal D, Bahl V, Bordoloi A, Chockalingam K, Chopda M, Dugal J, Ghaisas N, Grant P, Hiremath S, Iyengar S, Jagadeesa Subramania B, Jain P, Joshi A, Khan A, Mullasari A, Naik S, Oomman A, Pai V, Pareppally Gopal R, Parikh K, Patel T, Prakash V, Sastry B, Sathe S, Sinha N, Srikanthan V, Subburamakrishnan P, Thacker H, Wander G, Admon D, Katz A, Klainman E, Marmor A, Moriel M, Mosseri M, Shotan A, Weinstein J, Zimlichman R, Agostoni P, Albanese M, Alunni G, Bini R, Boccanelli A, Bolognese L, Campana C, Carbonieri E, Carpino C, Checco L, Cosmi F, Angelo GD, De Cristofaro M, Floresta A, Fucili A, Galvani M, Ivleva A, Marra S, Musca G, Peccerillo N, Picchio E, Russo T, Scelsi L, Senni M, Tavazzi L, Jasinkevica I, Kakurina N, Veze I, Volans E, Bagdonas A, Berukstis E, Celutkiene J, Dambrauskaite A, Jarasuniene D, Luksiene D, Rudys A, Sliaziene S, Aguilar Romero R, Cardona Muñoz E, Castro Jimenez J, Chavez Herrera J, Chuquiure Valenzuela E, De la Pena G, Herrera E, Leiva Pons J, Lopez Alvarado A, Mendez Machado G, Ramos Lopez G, Basart D, Buijs E, Cornel J, de Leeuw M, Dijkgraaf R, Freericks M, Hamraoui K, Lenderlink T, Linssen G, Lodewick P, Lodewijks C, Lok D, Nierop P, Ronner E, Somsen A, van Dantzig J, van der Burgh P, van Kempen L, van Vlies B, Voors A, Wardeh A, Willems F, Gundersen T, Hole T, Thalamus J, Westheim A, Dabrowski M, Gorski J, Korewicki J, Kuc K, Miekus P, Musial W, Niegowska J, Piotrowski W, Podolec P, Polonski L, Rynkiewicz A, Szelemej R, Trusz Gluza M, Ujda M, Wojciechowski D, Wysokinski A, Camacho A, Fonseca C, Monteiro P, Bruckner I, Carasca E, Coman I, Datcu M, Dragulescu S, Ionescu P, Iordachescu Petica D, Manitiu I, Popa V, Pop Moldovan A, Radoi M, Stamate S, Tomescu M, Vita I, Aroutiounov G, Ballyuzek M, Bart B, Churina S, Glezer M, Goloshchekin B, Kobalava Z, Kostenko V, Lopatin Y, Martynov A, Orlov V, Semernin E, Shogenov Z, Sidorenko B, Skvortsov A, Storzhakov G, Sulimov V, Talibov O, Tereshenko S, Tsyrline V, Zadionchenko V, Zateyshchikov D, Dzupina A, Hranai M, Kmec J, Micko K, Pella D, Sojka G, Spisak V, Vahala P, Vinanska D, Badat A, Bayat J, Dawood S, Delport E, Ellis G, Garda R, Klug E, Mabin T, Naidoo D, Pretorius M, Ranjith N, Van Zyl L, Weich H, Anguita M, Berrazueta J, Bruguera i. Cortada J, de Teresa E, Gómez Sánchez M, González Juanatey J, Gonzalez Maqueda I, Jordana R, Lupon J, Manzano L, Pascual Figal D, Pulpón L, Recio J, Ridocci Soriano F, Rodríguez Lambert J, Roig Minguell E, Romero J, Valdovinos P, Klintberg L, Kronvall T, Lycksell M, Morner S, Rydberg E, Swedberg K, Timberg I, Wikstrom G, Moccetti T, Ashok J, Banerjee P, Carr White G, Connolly E, Francis M, Greenbaum R, Kadr H, Lindsay S, McMurray J, Megarry S, Memon A, Murdoch D, Senior R, Squire I, Tan L, Witte K, Adamson P, Adler A, Altschul L, Altschuller A, Amirani H, Andreou C, Ansari M, Antonishen M, Banchs H, Banerjee S, Banish D, Bank A, Barbagelata A, Barnard D, Bellinger R, Benn A, Berk M, Berry B, Bethala V, Bilazarian S, Bisognano J, Bleyer F, Blum M, Boehmer J, Bouchard A, Boyle A, Bozkurt B, Brown C, Burlew B, Burnham K, Call J, Cambier P, Cappola T, Carlson R, Chandler B, Chandra R, Chandraratna P, Chernick R, Colan D, Colfer H, Colucci W, Connelly T, Costantini O, Dadkhah S, Dauber I, Davis J, Davis S, Denning S, Drazner M, Dunlap S, Egbujiobi L, Elkayam U, Elliott J, El Shahawy M, Essandoh L, Ewald G, Fang J, Farhoud H, Felker G, Fernandez J, Festin R, Fishbein G, Florea V, Flores E, Floro J, Gabris M, Garg M, Gatewood R, Geller M, Ghumman W, Gibbs G, Gillespie E, Gilmore R, Gogia H, Goldberg L, Gradus Pizlo I, Grainger T, Gudmundsson G, Gunawardena D, Gupta D, Hack T, Hall S, Hamroff G, Hankins S, Hanna M, Hargrove J, Haught W, Hauptman P, Hazelrigg M, Herzog C, Heywood J, Hill T, Hilton T, Hirsch H, Hunter J, Ibrahim H, Imburgia M, Iteld B, Jackson B, Jaffrani N, Jain D, Jain A, James M, Jimenez J, Johnson E, Kale P, Kaneshige A, Kapadia S, Karia D, Karlsberg R, Katholi R, Kerut E, Khoury W, Kipperman R, Klapholz M, Kosinski E, Kozinn M, Kraus D, Krueger S, Kumar S, Lader E, Lee C, Lewis E, Light McGroary K, Loh I, Lombardi W, Machado C, Maislos F, Mancini D, Markus T, Mather P, McCants K, McGrew F, McLaurin B, McMillan E, McNamara D, Meyer T, Meymandi S, Miller A, Minami E, Modi M, Mody F, Mohanty P, Moscoso R, Moskowitz R, Moustafa M, Mullen M, Naz T, Noonan T, O. Brien T, Oellerich W, Oren R, Pamboukian S, Pereira N, Pitt W, Porter C, Prabhu S, Promisloff S, Ratkovec R, Richardson R, Ross A, Saleh N, Saltzberg M, Sarkar S, Schmedtje J, Schneider R, Schuyler G, Shanes J, Sharma A, Siegel C, Siegel R, Silber D, Singh N, Singh J, Singh V, Sklar J, Small R, Smith A, Smith E, Smull D, Sotolongo R, Staniloae C, Stapleton D, Steele P, Stehlik J, Stein M, Tang W, Thadani U, Torre Amoine G, Trichon B, Tsai C, Tummala R, Van Bakel A, Vicari R, Vijay N, Vijayaraghavan K, Vittorio T, Vossler M, Wagoner L, Wallis D, Ward N, Widmer M, Wight J, Wilkins C, Williams C, Williams G, Winchester M, Winkel E, Wittmer B, Wood D, Wormer D, Wright R, Xu Z, Yasin M, Zolty R., PERRONE FILARDI, PASQUALE, Karl, Swedberg, James B., Young, Inder S., Anand, Sunfa, Cheng, Akshay S., Desai, Rafael, Diaz, Aldo P., Maggioni, John J. V., Mcmurray, Christopher, O'Connor, Marc A., Pfeffer, Scott D., Solomon, Yan, Sun, Michal, Tendera, Dirk J., van Veldhuisen, Young, J, Grinfeld, L, Krum, H, Vanhaecke, J, Olivera Clausell, N, Goudev, A, Howlett, J, Corbalan, R, Hradec, J, Kober, L, Eha, J, Cohen Solal, A, Anker, Sd, Chopra, V, Lewis, B, Erglis, A, Sakalyte, G, Cardona Munoz, E, Dunselman, P, Dickstein, K, Ponikowski, P, Seabra Gomes, R, Apetrei, E, Mareev, V, Murin, J, Dalby, A, Lopez Sendon, J, Willenheimer, R, Cleland, J, Adams, K, Anand, I, Butler, J, Dunlap, M, Felker, M, Ghali, J, Levy, W, Carson, P, Cohn, J, Drexler, H, Pocock, S, Ryden, L, Poole Wilson, P, Fishbane, S, Ivanovich, P, Nissenson, A, Katz, S, Barkoudah, E, Campbell, P, Desai, A, Finn, Pv, Hartley, L, Kasabov, R, Odutayo, Ka, Rajesh, V, Solomon, S, Weinrauch, La, Albizem, M, Cheng, S, Chou, W, Deegenaars, M, Dougherty, M, Fouqueray, B, Froissart, M, Froment, A, Gadd, S, Ghosh, S, Grazette, L, Guillet, S, Gulabani, D, Haddock, B, Harris, C, Jaffer, A, Kerns, C, Kim, J, Knussel, B, Law, H, Mather, R, Mix, C, Moore, L, Moyes, R, Polu, K, Rossert, J, Scarlata, D, Smirnakis, K, Smith, L, Snyder, W, Sun, Y, Trotman, Ml, Wasserman, S, Watkins, A, Wong, M, Zhang, Y, Amuchastegui, M, Belziti, C, Bluguermann, J, Caccavo, M, Cartasegna, L, Colque, R, Cuneo, C, Fernandez, A, Gabito, A, Goicochea, R, Gonzalez, M, Gorosito, V, Hominal, M, Kevorkian, R, Litvak Bruno, M, Llanos, J, Mackinnon, I, Manuale, O, Marzetti, E, Nul, D, Perna, E, Riccitelli, M, Sanchez, A, Santos, D, Schygiel, P, Toblli, J, Vogel, D, Aggarwal, A, Amerena, J, De Looze, F, Fletcher, P, Hare, D, Ireland, M, Lattimore, J, Marwick, T, Sindone, A, Thompson, P, Waites, J, Altenberger, J, Ebner, C, Lenz, K, Pacher, R, Poelzl, G, Charlier, F, de Ceuninck, M, De Keulenaer, G, Dendale, P, Maréchal, P, Mullens, W, Thoeng, J, Vanderheyden, M, Weytjens, C, Wollaert, B, Albuquerque, D, Almeida, D, Aspe y., Rosas J, Bocchi, E, Bordignon, S, Clausell, N, Kaiser, S, Leaes, P, Martins Alves, S, Montera, M, Moura, L, Pereira de Castro, R, Rassi, S, Reis, A, Saraiva, J, Simões, M, Souza Neto, J, Teixeira, M, Benov, H, Chompalova, B, Donova, T, Georgiev, P, Gotchev, D, Grigorov, M, Guenova, D, Hergeldjieva, V, Ivanov, D, Kostova, E, Manolova, A, Marchev, S, Nikolov, F, Popov, A, Raev, D, Tzekova, M, Czarnecki, W, Giannetti, N, Haddad, H, Heath, J, Huynh, T, Lepage, S, Liu, P, Lonn, E, Ma, P, Manyari, D, Moe, G, Parker, J, Pesant, Y, Rajda, M, Ricci, J, Roth, S, Sestier, F, Sluzar, V, Sussex, B, Vizel, S, Antezana, G, Bugueno, C, Castro, P, Conejeros, C, Manriquez, L, Martinez, D, Potthoff, S, Stockins, B, Vukasovic, J, Gregor, P, Herold, M, Jerabek, O, Jirmar, R, Kuchar, R, Linhart, A, Podzemska, B, Soucek, M, Spac, J, Spacek, R, Vodnansky, P, Bronnum Schou, J, Clemmensen, K, Egstrup, K, Jensen, G, Kjoller Hansen, L, Markenvard, J, Rokkedal, J, Skagen, K, Torp Pedersen, C, Tuxen, C, Videbak, L, Laks, T, Vahula, V, Harjola, V, Kettunen, R, Kotila, M, Bauer, F, Coisne, D, Davy, J, De Groote, P, Dos Santos, P, Funck, F, Galinier, M, Gibelin, P, Isnard, R, Neuder, Y, Roul, G, Sabatier, R, Trochu, J, Denny, S, Dreykluft, T, Flesch, M, Genth Zotz, S, Hambrecht, R, Hein, J, Jeserich, M, John, M, Kreider Stempfle, H, Laufs, U, Muellerleile, K, Natour, M, Sandri, M, Schäufele, T, von Hodenberg, E, Weyland, K, Winkelmann, B, Tse, H, Yan, B, Barsi, B, Csikasz, J, Dezsi, C, Edes, I, Forster, T, Karpati, P, Kerekes, C, Kis, E, Kosa, I, Lupkovics, G, Nagy, A, Preda, I, Ronaszeki, A, Tomcsanyi, J, Zamolyi, K, Agarwal, D, Bahl, V, Bordoloi, A, Chockalingam, K, Chopda, M, Dugal, J, Ghaisas, N, Grant, P, Hiremath, S, Iyengar, S, Jagadeesa Subramania, B, Jain, P, Joshi, A, Khan, A, Mullasari, A, Naik, S, Oomman, A, Pai, V, Pareppally Gopal, R, Parikh, K, Patel, T, Prakash, V, Sastry, B, Sathe, S, Sinha, N, Srikanthan, V, Subburamakrishnan, P, Thacker, H, Wander, G, Admon, D, Katz, A, Klainman, E, Marmor, A, Moriel, M, Mosseri, M, Shotan, A, Weinstein, J, Zimlichman, R, Agostoni, P, Albanese, M, Alunni, G, Bini, R, Boccanelli, A, Bolognese, L, Campana, C, Carbonieri, E, Carpino, C, Checco, L, Cosmi, F, Angelo, Gd, De Cristofaro, M, Floresta, A, Fucili, A, Galvani, M, Ivleva, A, Marra, S, Musca, G, Peccerillo, N, PERRONE FILARDI, Pasquale, Picchio, E, Russo, T, Scelsi, L, Senni, M, Tavazzi, L, Jasinkevica, I, Kakurina, N, Veze, I, Volans, E, Bagdonas, A, Berukstis, E, Celutkiene, J, Dambrauskaite, A, Jarasuniene, D, Luksiene, D, Rudys, A, Sliaziene, S, Aguilar Romero, R, Cardona Muñoz, E, Castro Jimenez, J, Chavez Herrera, J, Chuquiure Valenzuela, E, De la Pena, G, Herrera, E, Leiva Pons, J, Lopez Alvarado, A, Mendez Machado, G, Ramos Lopez, G, Basart, D, Buijs, E, Cornel, J, de Leeuw, M, Dijkgraaf, R, Freericks, M, Hamraoui, K, Lenderlink, T, Linssen, G, Lodewick, P, Lodewijks, C, Lok, D, Nierop, P, Ronner, E, Somsen, A, van Dantzig, J, van der Burgh, P, van Kempen, L, van Vlies, B, Voors, A, Wardeh, A, Willems, F, Gundersen, T, Hole, T, Thalamus, J, Westheim, A, Dabrowski, M, Gorski, J, Korewicki, J, Kuc, K, Miekus, P, Musial, W, Niegowska, J, Piotrowski, W, Podolec, P, Polonski, L, Rynkiewicz, A, Szelemej, R, Trusz Gluza, M, Ujda, M, Wojciechowski, D, Wysokinski, A, Camacho, A, Fonseca, C, Monteiro, P, Bruckner, I, Carasca, E, Coman, I, Datcu, M, Dragulescu, S, Ionescu, P, Iordachescu Petica, D, Manitiu, I, Popa, V, Pop Moldovan, A, Radoi, M, Stamate, S, Tomescu, M, Vita, I, Aroutiounov, G, Ballyuzek, M, Bart, B, Churina, S, Glezer, M, Goloshchekin, B, Kobalava, Z, Kostenko, V, Lopatin, Y, Martynov, A, Orlov, V, Semernin, E, Shogenov, Z, Sidorenko, B, Skvortsov, A, Storzhakov, G, Sulimov, V, Talibov, O, Tereshenko, S, Tsyrline, V, Zadionchenko, V, Zateyshchikov, D, Dzupina, A, Hranai, M, Kmec, J, Micko, K, Pella, D, Sojka, G, Spisak, V, Vahala, P, Vinanska, D, Badat, A, Bayat, J, Dawood, S, Delport, E, Ellis, G, Garda, R, Klug, E, Mabin, T, Naidoo, D, Pretorius, M, Ranjith, N, Van Zyl, L, Weich, H, Anguita, M, Berrazueta, J, Bruguera i., Cortada J, de Teresa, E, Gómez Sánchez, M, González Juanatey, J, Gonzalez Maqueda, I, Jordana, R, Lupon, J, Manzano, L, Pascual Figal, D, Pulpón, L, Recio, J, Ridocci Soriano, F, Rodríguez Lambert, J, Roig Minguell, E, Romero, J, Valdovinos, P, Klintberg, L, Kronvall, T, Lycksell, M, Morner, S, Rydberg, E, Swedberg, K, Timberg, I, Wikstrom, G, Moccetti, T, Ashok, J, Banerjee, P, Carr White, G, Connolly, E, Francis, M, Greenbaum, R, Kadr, H, Lindsay, S, Mcmurray, J, Megarry, S, Memon, A, Murdoch, D, Senior, R, Squire, I, Tan, L, Witte, K, Adamson, P, Adler, A, Altschul, L, Altschuller, A, Amirani, H, Andreou, C, Ansari, M, Antonishen, M, Banchs, H, Banerjee, S, Banish, D, Bank, A, Barbagelata, A, Barnard, D, Bellinger, R, Benn, A, Berk, M, Berry, B, Bethala, V, Bilazarian, S, Bisognano, J, Bleyer, F, Blum, M, Boehmer, J, Bouchard, A, Boyle, A, Bozkurt, B, Brown, C, Burlew, B, Burnham, K, Call, J, Cambier, P, Cappola, T, Carlson, R, Chandler, B, Chandra, R, Chandraratna, P, Chernick, R, Colan, D, Colfer, H, Colucci, W, Connelly, T, Costantini, O, Dadkhah, S, Dauber, I, Davis, J, Davis, S, Denning, S, Drazner, M, Dunlap, S, Egbujiobi, L, Elkayam, U, Elliott, J, El Shahawy, M, Essandoh, L, Ewald, G, Fang, J, Farhoud, H, Felker, G, Fernandez, J, Festin, R, Fishbein, G, Florea, V, Flores, E, Floro, J, Gabris, M, Garg, M, Gatewood, R, Geller, M, Ghumman, W, Gibbs, G, Gillespie, E, Gilmore, R, Gogia, H, Goldberg, L, Gradus Pizlo, I, Grainger, T, Gudmundsson, G, Gunawardena, D, Gupta, D, Hack, T, Hall, S, Hamroff, G, Hankins, S, Hanna, M, Hargrove, J, Haught, W, Hauptman, P, Hazelrigg, M, Herzog, C, Heywood, J, Hill, T, Hilton, T, Hirsch, H, Hunter, J, Ibrahim, H, Imburgia, M, Iteld, B, Jackson, B, Jaffrani, N, Jain, D, Jain, A, James, M, Jimenez, J, Johnson, E, Kale, P, Kaneshige, A, Kapadia, S, Karia, D, Karlsberg, R, Katholi, R, Kerut, E, Khoury, W, Kipperman, R, Klapholz, M, Kosinski, E, Kozinn, M, Kraus, D, Krueger, S, Kumar, S, Lader, E, Lee, C, Lewis, E, Light McGroary, K, Loh, I, Lombardi, W, Machado, C, Maislos, F, Mancini, D, Markus, T, Mather, P, Mccants, K, Mcgrew, F, Mclaurin, B, Mcmillan, E, Mcnamara, D, Meyer, T, Meymandi, S, Miller, A, Minami, E, Modi, M, Mody, F, Mohanty, P, Moscoso, R, Moskowitz, R, Moustafa, M, Mullen, M, Naz, T, Noonan, T, O., Brien T, Oellerich, W, Oren, R, Pamboukian, S, Pereira, N, Pitt, W, Porter, C, Prabhu, S, Promisloff, S, Ratkovec, R, Richardson, R, Ross, A, Saleh, N, Saltzberg, M, Sarkar, S, Schmedtje, J, Schneider, R, Schuyler, G, Shanes, J, Sharma, A, Siegel, C, Siegel, R, Silber, D, Singh, N, Singh, J, Singh, V, Sklar, J, Small, R, Smith, A, Smith, E, Smull, D, Sotolongo, R, Staniloae, C, Stapleton, D, Steele, P, Stehlik, J, Stein, M, Tang, W, Thadani, U, Torre Amoine, G, Trichon, B, Tsai, C, Tummala, R, Van Bakel, A, Vicari, R, Vijay, N, Vijayaraghavan, K, Vittorio, T, Vossler, M, Wagoner, L, Wallis, D, Ward, N, Widmer, M, Wight, J, Wilkins, C, Williams, C, Williams, G, Winchester, M, Winkel, E, Wittmer, B, Wood, D, Wormer, D, Wright, R, Xu, Z, Yasin, M, Zolty, R., Faculteit Medische Wetenschappen/UMCG, and Cardiovascular Centre (CVC)

Subjects
Male, CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE, Darbepoetin alfa, Ciencias de la Salud, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, law.invention, Hemoglobins, DOUBLE-BLIND, Randomized controlled trial, law, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Treatment Failure, Hazard ratio, Ética Médica, Anemia, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Shock, Septic, Stroke, purl.org/becyt/ford/3 [https], Female, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, CIENCIAS MÉDICAS Y DE LA SALUD, Placebo, CONTROLLED-TRIAL, purl.org/becyt/ford/3.3 [https], MORBIDITY, Double-Blind Method, Darbepoetin, Internal medicine, Thromboembolism, parasitic diseases, medicine, Humans, Adverse effect, Erythropoietin, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, CITY CARDIOMYOPATHY QUESTIONNAIRE, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, MORTALITY, equipment and supplies, medicine.disease, Surgery, REDUCTION, EPOETIN, Heart failure, Hematinics, business, Systolic heart failure, Heart Failure, Systolic
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Patients with systolic heart failure and anemia have worse symptoms, functional capacity, and outcomes than those without anemia. We evaluated the effects of darbepoetin alfa on clinical outcomes in patients with systolic heart failure and anemia. METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind trial, we assigned 2278 patients with systolic heart failure and mild-to-moderate anemia (hemoglobin level, 9.0 to 12.0 g per deciliter) to receive either darbepoetin alfa (to achieve a hemoglobin target of 13 g per deciliter) or placebo. The primary outcome was a composite of death from any cause or hospitalization for worsening heart failure. RESULTS: The primary outcome occurred in 576 of 1136 patients (50.7%) in the darbepoetin alfa group and 565 of 1142 patients (49.5%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio in the darbepoetin alfa group, 1.01; 95% confidence interval, 0.90 to 1.13; P=0.87). There was no significant between-group difference in any of the secondary outcomes. The neutral effect of darbepoetin alfa was consistent across all prespecified subgroups. Fatal or nonfatal stroke occurred in 42 patients (3.7%) in the darbepoetin alfa group and 31 patients (2.7%) in the placebo group (P=0.23). Thromboembolic adverse events were reported in 153 patients (13.5%) in the darbepoetin alfa group and 114 patients (10.0%) in the placebo group (P=0.01). Cancer-related adverse events were similar in the two study groups. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with darbepoetin alfa did not improve clinical outcomes in patients with systolic heart failure and mild-to-moderate anemia. Our findings do not support the use of darbepoetin alfa in these patients. (Funded by Amgen; RED-HF ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00358215.). Fil: Swedberg, Karl. University of Gothenburg; Suecia Fil: Young, James B.. Cleveland Clinic; Estados Unidos Fil: Anand, Inder S.. University of Minnesota; Estados Unidos Fil: Cheng, Sunfa. Amgen; Estados Unidos Fil: Desai, Akshay S.. Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Estados Unidos Fil: Diaz, Rafael. Estudios Clínicos Latinoamérica; Argentina Fil: Maggioni, Aldo P.. Italian Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center; Italia Fil: McMurray, John J.V.. University of Glasgow; Reino Unido Fil: O’Connor, Christopher. University of Duke; Estados Unidos Fil: Pfeffer, Marc A.. Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Estados Unidos Fil: Solomon, Scott D.. Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Estados Unidos Fil: Sun, Yan. Amgen; Estados Unidos Fil: Tendera, Michal. Medical University of Silesia; Polonia Fil: van Veldhuisen, Dirk J.. University of Groningen; Países Bajos Fil: Toblli, Jorge Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

Published
2013
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13. College Of Anaesthetists?

Author

Baskett, P. J. F., Cochrane, D. F., Diamond, A. W., Dobson, M. B., Greenbaum, R., Jones, D. F., O'Carroll, T. M., Weller, R. M., Wilkins, D. G., Willatts, S. M., and Zorab, J. S. M.

Published
1979

18. The relationship between ethical leadership and core job characteristics

Author

Piccolo, R.F., Greenbaum, R., den Hartog, D.N., Folger, R., and Leadership and Management (ABS, FEB)

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION
Abstract

In the current study, we draw on the original job characteristics model (JCM) and on an elaborated model of work design to examine relationships between ethical leadership, task significance, job autonomy, effort, and job performance. We suggest that leaders with strong ethical commitments who regularly demonstrate ethically normative behavior can have an impact on the JCM elements of task significance and autonomy, thereby affecting an employee's motivation (willingness to exert effort), which in turn will be evidenced by indications of enhanced task performance and organizational citizenship behavior. We conducted a field study by surveying pairs of co-workers in a diverse set of organizations. Results provide support for a fully mediated model whereby task significance and effort fully mediate relationships between ethical leadership and subordinates' job performance. Implications for future research on job design are discussed.

Published
2010

35. The effectiveness of intensive training for residents in interviewing. A randomized, controlled study.

Author

Smith, R C, Lyles, J S, Mettler, J, Stoffelmayr, B E, Van Egeren, L F, Marshall, A A, Gardiner, J C, Maduschke, K M, Stanley, J M, Osborn, G G, Shebroe, V, and Greenbaum, R B

Abstract

Background: Interviewing and the physician-patient relationship are crucial elements of medical care, but residencies provide little formal instruction in these areas.Objective: To determine the effects of a training program in interviewing on 1) residents' attitudes toward and skills in interviewing and 2) patients' physical and psychosocial well-being and satisfaction with care.Design: Randomized, controlled study.Setting: Two university-based primary care residencies.Participants: 63 primary care residents in postgraduate year 1.Intervention: A 1-month, full-time rotation in interviewing and related psychosocial topics.Measurements: Residents and their patients were assessed before and after the 1-month rotation. Questionnaires were used to assess residents' commitment to interviewing and psychosocial medicine, estimate of the importance of such care, and confidence in their ability to provide such care. Knowledge of interviewing and psychosocial medicine was assessed with a multiple-choice test. Audiotaped interviews with real patients and videotaped interviews with simulated patients were rated for specific interviewing behaviors. Patients' anxiety, depression, and social dysfunction; role limitations; somatic symptom status; and levels of satisfaction with medical visits were assessed by questionnaires and telephone interviews.Results: Trained residents were superior to untrained residents in knowledge (difference in adjusted post-test mean scores, 15.7% [95% CI, 11% to 20%]); attitudes, such as confidence in psychological sensitivity (difference, 0.61 points on a 7-point scale [CI, 0.32 to 0.91 points]); somatization management (difference, 0.99 points [CI, 0.64 to 1.35 points]); interviewing of real patients (difference, 1.39 points on an 11-point scale [CI, 0.32 to 2.45 points]); and interviewing (data gathering) of simulated patients (difference, 2.67 points [CI, 1.77 to 3.56 points]). Mean differences between the study groups were consistently in the appropriate direction for patient satisfaction and patient well-being, but effect sizes were too small to be considered meaningful.Conclusion: An intensive 1-month training rotation in interviewing improved residents' knowledge about, attitudes toward, and skills in interviewing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1998
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36. Cardiac hypertrophy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and hyperparathyroidism--an association.

Author

Symons, C, Fortune, F, Greenbaum, R A, and Dandona, P

Abstract

Left ventricular hypertrophy (symmetric, asymmetric, or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy) is an almost invariable accompaniment of primary hyperparathyroidism. Five of 18 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy had raised serum concentrations of parathyroid hormone with normal serum calcium concentrations. Left ventricular hypertrophy did not occur in any of the six patients with hypercalcaemia alone. These relations suggest that parathyroid hormone rather than a rise in the extracellular calcium concentration is associated with a spectrum of left ventricular hypertrophy. All patients with increased circulating parathyroid hormone concentrations should have echocardiographic examination of the left ventricle. Conversely, parathyroid hormone concentrations should be measured in all patients with left ventricular hypertrophy from an unknown cause, especially those with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1985
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37. Investigation of left ventricular function by digital subtraction angiography.

Author

Greenbaum, R A and Evans, T R

Abstract

Twenty five patients who had undergone conventional coronary arteriography and left ventriculography for suspected coronary artery disease had left ventriculography performed by digital subtraction angiography as outpatients; there were no complications requiring admission to hospital. A catheter was introduced percutaneously and positioned in the superior vena cava; 40-50 ml of contrast medium was injected at 16-18 ml/s. Left ventriculograms were recorded in the 30 degrees right anterior oblique projection. Diagnostic images were recorded in each case. Left ventricular wall movement was assessed as normal in nine patients, globally hypokinetic in 10, and aneurysmal in six. In each case there was agreement between the two methods. Ejection fraction varied between 17% and 78%. It is concluded that digital subtraction angiography provides a reliable assessment of overall left ventricular function and distinguishes between those patients with a potentially resectable lesion and those with global impairment of function. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1984
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38. Left ventricular fibre architecture in man.

Author

Greenbaum, R A, Ho, S Y, Gibson, D G, Becker, A E, and Anderson, R H

Abstract

In order to investigate the possibility of regional variation of ventricular structure, 25 normal postmortem human hearts were studied by inspection of cavity shape and subepicardial fibre orientation, by dissection, and by the histology of sections in two orthogonal planes. Ventricular architecture was complex. Inlet and outlet long axes were separated by 30 degrees in the left ventricle. In the right the corresponding figure was 90 degrees. The thickest part of the left ventricular wall was at the base. At the apex there was potential endo- and epicardial continuity. Left ventricular cavity shape departed significantly from any simple geometric figure, there being, consistently, regions of both positive and negative curvature on the diaphragmatic aspect. The presence of trabeculae caused considerable variation in wall thickness. Striking variation was found in the arrangement of subepicardial muscle fibres. Most pronounced was the contrast between the longitudinal arrangement of fibres observed on the oblique margin and the circumferential arrangement of those on the acute. On the diaphragmatic surface of the left ventricle, fibres near the crux and apex ran circumferentially while those between ran obliquely; those on the diaphragmatic surface of the right ventricle also ran circumferentially. Deeper in the myocardium the arrangement was simpler. In the mid-wall of the left ventricle fibres were circumferential, best developed towards the base and in the upper part of the septum. Near the apex of the left ventricle and in the mid-wall of the right ventricle such fibres were sparse. The subendocardial region consisted of longitudinally directed fibres forming the trabeculae and papillary muscles, while fibres deep to and between the trabeculae coursed more obliquely. These findings were confirmed by histology. Models based on uniform myocardial fibre structure cannot explain wall movement in normal subjects, and are likely to have significant limitations if used to investigated left ventricular function in disease. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1981
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39. Regional non-uniformity of left ventricular wall movement in man.

Author

Greenbaum, R A and Gibson, D G

Abstract

In order to assess the possible importance of regional non-uniformity of left ventricular function, angiograms of 42 normal subjects and 105 patients with coronary artery disease were digitised frame by frame. Regional curvature around the cavity was assessed, only positive curvature being compatible with ellipsoidal geometry. In normal subjects, positive curvature of the anterior wall was shown by all, but on the inferior wall was present in only 12 (28%) at end-diastole and five (12%) at end-systole. In patients with ischaemic heart disease, anterior wall curvature was again positive in all but four with apical aneurysm, but positive curvature of the inferior wall was present more frequently than normal, 47 (42%) at end-diastole and 39 (36%) at end-systole. In these patients, positive curvature at end-diastole was associated with reduced wall movement during ejection. Though the pattern of coronary artery involvement was random, there were conspicuous regional differences in the distribution of abnormal wall movement during isovolumic relaxation. Outward movement was found only on the anterior wall. Abnormal inward movement was five times as frequent on the inferior wall as on the anterior. An ellipsoidal cavity outline is not therefore characteristic of the normal left ventricle and, when present, this configuration is likely to be associated with a reduced amplitude of inferior wall movement. Regional differences of both structure and function can thus be shown in normal and abnormal hearts. They may arise from variation in local fibre architecture. Their presence must be taken into account in interpreting abnormalities of left ventricular function. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1981
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40. Effect of heparin and contrast medium on platelet function during routine cardiac catheterisation.

Author

GREENBAUM, R A, BARRADAS, M A, MIKHAILIDIS, D P, JEREMY, J Y, EVANS, T R, and DANDONA, P

Abstract

Platelet function was studied during coronary angiography of patients complaining of chest pain. The following changes occurred 5 min after injecting 100 IU·kg−1 body weight of a conventional high molecular weight heparin: (a) a significant fall in platelet count; (b) a significant enhancement of platelet aggregation in platelet rich plasma (turbidometric technique) and in whole blood (platelet impedance aggregation technique); and (c) significantly enhanced release of platelet thromboxane A2, a vasoconstrictor. These changes tended to reverse towards baseline values 5 min after injecting a contrast medium (Conray 420), which was found to inhibit platelet aggregation. Thus heparinisation with a high molecular weight heparin seems to cause pronounced activation of platelets in patients undergoing coronary angiography, and this may contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiac ischaemia that may occur during this procedure. Since coronary artery bypass surgery in similar patients involves the use of heparin at much higher doses without the concomitant use of an antiaggregatory contrast medium, it is possible that platelet hyperaggregability may contribute to the well documented ischaemic brain injury associated with this form of surgery. Furthermore, the use of high molecular weight heparin after successful coronary angioplasty or thrombosis may influence the incidence of reocclusion. These findings therefore suggest that low molecular weight heparinoids should be evaluated in these situations since these anticoagulants are only weak activators of platelet aggregation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1987

41. Haemodynamic effects of DPI 201–106, following single intravenous dose administration to patients with moderate cardiac failure.

Author

HOGAN, J. C., GREENBAUM, R. A., LUNNON, M. W., HILSON, A. J. W., and EVANS, T. R.

Abstract

DPI 201–106 is a novel compound unrelated to other cardioactive agents and has been shown to have an inotropic effect in animal preparations. The drug was given by intravenous infusion (20 mg over 10 min) to 10 patients with moderate cardiac failure and the haemodynamic effects measured at intervals up to 1 h following infusion. Maximal effects were seen immediately following the infusion of DPI 201–106. Cardiac index showed an increase from baseline 2·72 (0·16) 1 min m to 3·18 (0.21) 1 min m at the end of infusion (<0·001). Subsequent values were not significantly raised. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and pulmonary artery pressure fell from 27·6 (3·2) and 36·9 (4·4) to 15·3 (3·6) and 24·2 (4·9) mmHg, respectively (<0·001 in both cases). A statistically significant effect on cardiac index was not seen at 1 h. However, pulmonary pressures remained reduced at this point. Radionuclide ejection fraction showed a significant increase from 15·4 (1·5) to 21·9 (2·2)% (<0·005) at the end of infusion, and maintained a significant increase at 1 h. Having demonstrated beneficial, acute haemodynamic effects in this study, further work should be undertaken with DPI 201–106 to investigate the effect of chronic treatment in patients with cardiac failure. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1988
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42. Clinical significance of early diastolic changes in left ventricular wall thickness*.

Author

Gibson, D. G., Greenbaum, R., Marier, D. L., and Brown, D. J.

Abstract

Continuous measurement of posterior left ventricular wall thickness on one or two-dimensional echocardiograms or left ventriculograms has demonstrated an early diastolic period of rapid thinning at a peak rate of 10 ± 1.7 cm/s, significantly greater than the peak thickening rate during systole. In normal subjects, this period ends abruptly, and is coterminous with rapid filling. Thinning rates are greatest at the level of the tips of the papillary muscles, and are significantly lower towards the mitral ring. In patients with ischaemic heart disease, mitral valve opening may be delayed until rapid thinning is complete, showing that it is not a function of left ventricular filling, and therefore likely to be a manifestation of relaxation itself. Thinning rate is reduced in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy due to hypertension, aortic stenosis or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, when it is associated with a corresponding reduction in the peak rate of dimension increase. It persists when the cause of the hypertrophy is removed as after resection of coarctation of the aorta, even if wall thickness returns to normal. Variation in peak rapid thinning rate with position in the cavity appears to underly abnormal filling patterns in pure mitral regurgitation, and determines the distribution of abnormal wall movement during isovolumic relaxation in patients with coronary artery disease. This distribution also correlates with fibre orientation in normal human hearts as demonstrated by dissection. The period of rapid thinning is associated with intraventricular pressure gradients. It is also exactly synchronous with the early diastolic period when calculated wall stress remains constant in spite of increasing cavity size, an effect that has previously been attributed to viscosity.We conclude that rapid early diastolic wall thinning depends on the integrity of regional fibre arrangement, and is a major determinant of the rate and pattern of the rapid phase of left ventricular filling in normals. Its loss causes disturbances of wall movement during relaxation and filling in disease. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1980
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44. Experience with nalbuphine, a new opioid analgesic, in acute myocardial infarction.

Author

Greenbaum, R A, Kaye, G, and Mason, P D

Abstract

A total of 141 patients admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of suspected myocardial infarction were randomized to treatment with intravenous diamorphine (71) or nalbuphine (70). Myocardial infarction was subsequently confirmed in 109 patients. Both drugs provided good analgesia. Heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, peak flow and minute volume were measured over a three-hour study period. Except for a slight fall in systolic blood pressure in the nalbuphine-treated group, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups. The nalbuphine-treated group had higher levels of aspartate aminotransferase and hydroxybutyric acid dehydrogenase but not creatine phosphokinase. The haemodynamic outcome and mortality at three months of the two groups were similar. It is concluded that nalbuphine provides effective analgesia coupled with few adverse circulatory or respiratory effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1987

45. Correction of left ventricular asynchrony by coronary artery surgery.

Author

Gibson, D G, Greenbaum, R A, Pridie, R B, and Yacoub, M H

Abstract

To investigate the effect of coronary artery bypass grafting on the timing of regional left ventricular wall motion, contrast left ventriculograms from 27 patients were digitised frame by frame before and after operation. End diastolic and end systolic volumes, ejection fraction, and peak ejection and filling rates showed no significant change. The commonest preoperative abnormality was delayed onset of inward wall motion during ejection, which was present in 14 patients over 10% (range 5-40%) of the cavity outline, leading to a pattern of "diagonal contours". After operation this pattern had resolved completely in 12 patients and partially in two. Minor abnormalities appeared postoperatively in five but overall the mean (1SD) area affected was reduced by 5 (8)%. The time span between the onset of inward motion in different regions of the cavity also fell significantly after surgery from 190 (50) to 130 (50) ms. Regional hypokinesis (6 cases) and abnormal wall motion during isovolumic contraction (4 cases) or isovolumic relaxation (5 cases) were not consistently affected. Thus successful coronary artery surgery is without consistent effect on overall left ventricular function, overall hypokinesis, or abnormal wall motion during the isovolumic periods. It does, however, strikingly reduce the asynchrony of wall motion during ejection, suggesting that before operation this abnormality may directly reflect impaired coronary blood flow. The results emphasise the potential value of analysing regional wall motion to elucidate functional abnormalities associated with coronary artery disease. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1988
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50. Effect of rebreathing on psychomotor skills when wearing integral crash helmets.

Author

Malins, A F, Curnow, J S, Baskett, P J, and Greenbaum, R

Abstract

Nine volunteer subjects underwent psychomotor testing when wearing an integral crash helmet in a variety of conditions which lead to rebreathing. There was a wide individual variation in the extent of rebreathing. In the worst conditions the minimum inspired carbon dioxide tension (PICO2) increased to 2.6 kPa. The psychomotor test was a tracking test based on a microcomputer. There was a significant deterioration in the ability to perform the test when the helmet was worn with the visor down and restricted airflow into the helmet (P = less than 0.05). In those tests when the minimum PICO2 exceeded 0.5 kPa the decrease in performance was more highly statistically significant (p = less than 0.005). Rebreathing wearing integral crash helmets results in a variable impairment in the subjects' ability to perform a tracking test. We recommend that the maximum level of CO2 retention inside integral crash helmets should not exceed 0.5 kPa minimum PICO2. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1984
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