Search

In pursuit of technological development, China has created new organizations to promote innovation. In this brief, Marcus Conlé, an associate at the German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA), examines New Research and Development Institutes (NRDIs), which are designed to foster knowledge transfer to industry. NRDIs were pioneered in Guangdong province in the 1990s, and have gained prominence in China’s national science, technology, and innovation policies since the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016-2020). NRDIs are defined by their market orientation and extremely flexible organizational form. They work by establishing “innovation platforms” with local governments and private knowledge actors to carry out research and development (R&D), commercialize scientific and technological achievements, incubate local technology industries, and cultivate high-end talent. NRDIs have been instrumental to regional development in Guangdong, and especially Shenzhen, where they have succeeded in attracting talent from outside the region. NRDIs have important policy implications for international competition for talent. Understanding NRDIs is crucial for other countries that want to improve their own inter-regional innovation resources and respond to the challenge of China’s drive to attract global talent and knowledge resources.

Assessing regional water environment carrying capacity (WECC) is crucial for measuring sustainable development and guiding water resource management policies. However, existing methods often overlook the dynamic trends in carrying capacity and uncertainties in the assessment process. This study proposes a time-varying Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations (PROMETHEE) II model, integrating time series analysis and multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) to address these limitations. Using Guangdong Province, China as a case study, key factors influencing WECC are identified through a simplified assessment index system and obstacle degree model. Results demonstrate that: (1) the developed framework broadens the capabilities of current technologies and provides an effective method for dealing with uncertain trends in WECC over time. (2) the carrying capacity of water environment showed a large spatial difference, with high in the centre and low around, among which Shenzhen ranked first with 0.3498, and Shaoguan ranked 21st with-0.2584., (3) per capita water resources, ecological water ratio, green coverage rate of built-up areas, per capita GDP, proportion of tertiary industry and per capita disposable income affect the level of regional WECC, with obstruction frequency exceeding 85%. These insights assist decision-makers in developing region-specific strategies for comprehensive water resource management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the processes through which the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) developed its propaganda outlets in Hong Kong during the mid-twentieth century. I argue that the CCP's operations in 1940s Hong Kong laid the foundation for its propaganda machinery in the 1950s through transborder staffing and a repertoire of flexible strategies. During the 1940s, the party trained a group of propagandists who were well acquainted with Hong Kong and frequently crossed the Hong Kong–Guangdong border to preserve the party's power base. These propagandists developed a series of strategies, including infiltration, camouflage, and diversification. In the 1950s, the party employed these seasoned operatives in Hong Kong and Guangdong to coordinate propaganda campaigns and utilized the preestablished strategies to navigate the new Cold War geopolitics. This study also highlights the Guangdong–Hong Kong nexus, the CCP's flexibility, and the continuities surrounding the foundation of the People's Republic of China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultivated land plays a pivotal role in ensuring national food security, particularly in populous nations like China, where substantial investments are made to develop cultivated land as a counterbalance to construction-occupied areas. Consequently, long-term, effective monitoring of the utilization of newly cultivated land becomes imperative. This study introduces a comprehensive monitoring framework, designed for refined scales, that leverages remote sensing data. The framework focuses on the sustainable utilization of newly cultivated land, emphasizing utilization sustainability, productivity stability, and landscape integration. Its effectiveness was validated through a case study in Guangdong province, China. The results revealed satisfactory utilization sustainability and improved productivity stability of newly cultivated land in Guangdong, though landscape integration showed sub-optimal results. Furthermore, the comprehensive evaluation categorized the newly cultivated land into three levels and eight types. The study recommends enhancing the site selection process for newly cultivated land and improving the long-term monitoring, as well as incentive and constraint mechanisms, for their utilization. This study can provide a scientific reference to bolster the implementation of cultivated land protection policies, thereby contributing significantly to high-quality economic and social development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The number of elderly comorbidity patients in our country is continuously increasing. With the accumulation of chronic diseases, older adults experience varying degrees of health loss. Currently, there is a lack of research analyzing the multi-level factors influencing the number of chronic conditions in elderly comorbidity patients. Objective To explore the factors influencing the number of chronic conditions in elderly patients from different levels combining with the etiology and characteristics of chronic diseases based on the health ecology model, so as to provide evidence for the management and prevention of chronic diseases in community-dwelling elderly comorbidity patients in our country. Methods In February 2023, a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select community-dwelling elderly (≥60 years old) comorbidity patients in Guangdong province as the survey subjects. A face-to-face interview was conducted using the "Survey Questionnaire on the Status and Influencing Factors of Elderly Patients with Multiple Chronic Conditions", which was based on the health ecology model and included five levels of individual trait, behavioral characteristic, interpersonal relationship, living and working conditions, and policy environment. The number of chronic conditions in elderly comorbidity patients was considered as the dependent variable, and an unordered multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted by incorporating independent variables according to the five levels. Results A total of 1 000 questionnaires were distributed, and 987 valid questionnaires were collected, with a recovery rate of 98.7%. Among the 987 elderly comorbidity patients, 346 (35.1%) had two concurrent chronic diseases, 456 (46.2%) had three concurrent chronic diseases, and 185 (18.7%) had more than three concurrent chronic diseases. The results of unordered multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, compared to elderly patients with two concurrent chronic diseases, disease duration less than 6 years and 6-10 years, local urban household were risk factors for elderly patients with three concurrent chronic diseases (P30 000-50 000 yuan, and having urban employee medical insurance/rural resident medical insurance were protective factors for elderly patients with more than three concurrent chronic diseases (P

As a high-quality fish with high protein and unsaturated fatty acids, Siniperca chuatsi is an important aquaculture species in Guangdong, with a stable aquaculture production that ranks first in the whole country, and the production in 2022 was 148 700 t, accounting for 37.05% of the total output of S. chuatsi in the country. With the increasing demand for high-quality aquatic products in domestic market, S. chuatsi is increasingly favored by domestic consumers. China's S. chuatsi production has grew steadily from 2018 to 2022, with Guangdong, Hubei and Anhui ranking the top three in terms of S. chuatsi production, and the degree of industry aggregation will further increase. With the overall production of S. chuatsi in Guangdong rising on a steady trend, the domestic market share of S. chuatsi has been gradually occupied by Guangdong. Compared with China's major freshwater aquaculture fish, the market wholesale price of S. chuatsi has a greater advantage. As a key breeding area of S. chuatsi industry in China, and the largest production area of S. chuatsi seedlings in the country, the major breeding species of S. chuatsi in Guangdong is S. chuatsi (Basilewsky), and the main production areas of the breeding are located in Foshan, Zhaoqing, Guangzhou, Qingyuan, and Jiangmen, etc. The major breeding modes are pond breeding, cage breeding, water tank breeding and factory feed breeding, with the mainly breeding way of feeding on live bait fish. There is gradual expansion of S. chuatsi aquaculture and market scale in Guangdong Province with future development trend of large-scale breeding. Taking the market price of S. chuatsi in 2022 as a reference, a cost-benefit analysis was conducted for the S. chuatsi cultured with live bait and feed.The results showed that the average total cost of feed S. chuatsi was much lower than that of live bait S. chuatsi, with a large profit margin. In regard to the deficiencies of seedling, breeding environment and feed-based mode of S. chuatsi breeding industry in Guangdong, countermeasures such as strengthening the S. chuatsi seed system, promoting the development of feed S. chuatsi stably, further building a quality and safety system for S. chuatsi, and actively pushing the transformation of S. chuatsi breeding mode were proposed to provide references for the development of S. chuatsi industry in Guangdong.

ABSTRACTIn 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional study for polio virus seroprevalence in Guangdong province, China. We assessed the positivity rates of poliomyelitis NA and GMT in serum across various demographic groups, and the current findings were compared with pre-switch data from 2014. Using multistage random sampling method, four counties/districts were randomly selected per city, and within each, one general hospital and two township hospitals were chosen. Healthy individuals coming for medical checkups or vaccination were invited. A total of 1318 individual samples were collected and tested. In non-newborn population, age-dependent positivity rates ranged from 77.8% to 100% for PV1 NA and 70.3% to 98.9% for PV3 NA (p

Copyright of Journal of South China Agricultural University is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Cuspidevia Jäch & Boukal, 1995 is a member of the tribe Macronychini which has the following features: antennae short, 6-10 segmented, aedeagus long and cylindrical, paramere very small, slender or lacking. This genus currently comprises only three species. All species are distributed in China. New information: Cuspidevia pilosus sp. nov. is reported from Guangdong, Guangxi and Jiangxi Provinces in China. Habitus and diagnostic features of the new species are illustrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a high-quality fish with high protein and unsaturated fatty acids, Siniperca chuatsi is an important aquaculture species in Guangdong, with a stable aquaculture production that ranks first in the whole country, and the production in 2022 was 148 700 t, accounting for 37.05% of the total output of S. chuatsi in the country. With the increasing demand for high-quality aquatic products in domestic market, S. chuatsi is increasingly favored by domestic consumers. China’s S. chuatsi production has grew steadily from 2018 to 2022, with Guangdong, Hubei and Anhui ranking the top three in terms of S. chuatsi production, and the degree of industry aggregation will further increase. With the overall production of S. chuatsi in Guangdong rising on a steady trend, the domestic market share of S. chuatsi has been gradually occupied by Guangdong. Compared with China’s major freshwater aquaculture fish, the market wholesale price of S. chuatsi has a greater advantage. As a key breeding area of S. chuatsi industry in China, and the largest production area of S. chuatsi seedlings in the country, the major breeding species of S. chuatsi in Guangdong is S. chuatsi (Basilewsky), and the main production areas of the breeding are located in Foshan, Zhaoqing, Guangzhou, Qingyuan, and Jiangmen, etc. The major breeding modes are pond breeding, cage breeding, water tank breeding and factory feed breeding, with the mainly breeding way of feeding on live bait fish. There is gradual expansion of S. chuatsi aquaculture and market scale in Guangdong Province with future development trend of large-scale breeding. Taking the market price of S. chuatsi in 2022 as a reference, a cost-benefit analysis was conducted for the S. chuatsi cultured with live bait and feed. The results showed that the average total cost of feed S. chuatsi was much lower than that of live bait S. chuatsi, with a large profit margin. In regard to the deficiencies of seedling, breeding environment and feed-based mode of S. chuatsi breeding industry in Guangdong, countermeasures such as strengthening the S. chuatsi seed system, promoting the development of feed S. chuatsi stably, further building a quality and safety system for S. chuatsi, and actively pushing the transformation of S. chuatsi breeding mode were proposed to provide references for the development of S. chuatsi industry in Guangdong. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Tropical Medicine is the property of China Tropical Medicine Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

利用南方适宜地区的丘陵山地资源发展油茶产业是未来解决我国油脂行业自给率不足的一个重要途径。河源市是广东省特色油茶产业发展重点区域，有多年种植油茶的传统。在国家政策的激励下，河源市特色油茶产业虽得到一定发展，但也面临机遇和挑战。通过文献调研和实地考察综述了河源市油茶产业的发展历程和发展现状，并针对当地油茶产业存在的良种资源缺乏、缺乏对油茶品种的科学性认识、配套资金补贴不充足、品牌知名度低、产业化程度不高等问题，结合当地实际情况，提出了推进油茶良种繁育基地建设、增加油茶产业资金扶持力度、加强科技创新推广成果转化、加强推广宣传并打造全国知名品牌、有效整合资源优化加工生产布局等相应对策，促进油茶产业高质量发展。It is an important way to solve the shortage of self-sufficiency rate of oil industry by using the hilly resources to develop the Camellia oleifera industry in suitable areas in southern China.Heyuan City is a key area for the development of special Camellia oleifera industry in Guangdong province, which has a tradition of growing Camellia oleifera for many years. Encouraged by national policies, the Camellia oleifera industry in Heyuan has developed vigorously but it still faces with opportunities and challenges. Through literature research and field investigation, the development history and development status of Heyuan Camellia oleifera industry were investigated, where some problems were emerged, including lack of improved variety resources, lack of scientific understanding of Camellia oleifera variety, insufficient capital investment, low brand recognition, and low level of industrialization to Camellia oleifera, etc. In view of the aforementioned existing problems based on the local situation, the corresponding strategies for high-quality industrial development were proposed, such as promoting the construction of improved variety breeding base, increasing capital investment,strengthening the transformation of scientific and technological innovation, enhancing the publicity for making renowned national brand, effectively integrating resource and optimizing production layout.

Background Currently, there are many studies on family doctor contracting services from the perspective of residents, but few scholars have conducted studies on the current situation of family doctor team contracting based on the perspective of general practitioners (GPs) . Objective To understand the current situation of family doctor contracting services in primary health care institutions in Guangdong Province, and explore the factors affecting the contracted number from the perspective of the supplier. Methods From July 5—31, 2021, GPs in primary health care institutions in Guangdong Province were selected as the study subjects by using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method to conduct the survey with a self-designed questionnaire. The contracted number was compared by different GPs and their family doctor team characteristics. A two-level Logistic regression developed by R 4.2.2 software was used to identify influencing factors of contracted number above 2 000. Results A valid sample of 3 252 cases in family doctor team with contracted number more than 100 was screened, and the median contracted number was 1 400 (2 499) in 2020. The differences were statistically significant when comparing the contracted number by gender, age, education level, position, employment form, working years, working unit, working area, training acceptance, and annual income, number of team members, population size under jurisdiction, willingness of specialists from medical community to join the team, inpatient bed resources and guidance from superior departments (P

Background Stroke high-risk population screening project is a national health project being vigorously promoted in China, but it is found that the participation rate of residents in it is low, which seriously affects the screening efficiency. Screening intention is an important predictor of screening behavior, however, there are few studies on the current status and influencing factors of the intention to screen for high-risk stroke among community residents. Objective To understand the current status of the intention to screen for high-risk stroke among community residents and explore the influencing factors. Methods A total of 648 residents of Guangdong Province were selected as survey respondents by using convenient sampling method from March to May 2022. Self-designed questionnaires (including General Data Questionnaire, Stroke High-Risk Screening Intention Scale, Stroke Health Knowledge Scale, Community Medical Service Trust Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale) were used to investigate the respondents. The scores of Stroke High-Risk Screening Intention Scale among residents with different characteristics were compared, and the factors affecting intention to screen for high-risk stroke among community residents were analyzed by multiple linear regression. Results A total of 600 valid questionnaires were collected with the recovery rate of 92.6%. The average total score of the Stroke High-Risk Screening Intention Scale among residents was (101.30±14.98), of which 352 (58.7%) residents had a high level of intention for screening, 248 (41.3%) residents had a middle or low level of intention for screening. There were significant differences in the scores of Stroke High-Risk Screening Intention Scale among residents by gender, residential status, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking status, awareness of high-risk stroke screening, implementation of previous high-risk stroke screening in the community, acceptance of previous high-risk stroke screening, self-perceived lifetime risk of stroke and self-perceived risk of stroke within 1 year (P

This article succinctly outlines the requirements for rice quality in Guangdong Province and the role of government regulatory policies in advancing high-quality rice breeding. By collecting the regional trial data of 1 101 rice varieties approved by Guangdong Province from 2004 to 2022, the number of varieties meeting the national or ministerial standards approved in each year were counted, and the progress of high-quality rice breeding in Guangdong was evaluated from the perspectives of quality index, resistance and yield. From 2004 to 2022, 106 varieties (combinations) meeting the quality of national standard (ministerial standard) (9.63% of all approved varieties) level Ⅰ and 320 varieties (combinations) reaching the quality of national standard (ministerial standard) (29.06%) level Ⅱ were approved by Guangdong. Notably, early season varieties exhibited lower quality rates compared with late season varieties. For rice quality traits, early-season trial varieties displayed lower compliance rates in the quality of national standard (ministerial standard) level Ⅱ, with chalkiness and chalky grain rate of 41.8% and 43.5%, respectively; the amylose content compliance rate in early-season trial varieties was only 37.32%, indicating that key improvements should be conducted in these three areas for new variety breeding. The average yield of rice varieties with quality meeting national standard level Ⅱ or above has consistently risen, indicating synergistic improvements in yield and rice quality during the high-quality rice breeding in Guangdong. Varieties meeting the national standard (ministerial standard) level Ⅱ or above also showed promising resistance rates against rice blast disease (85% at medium resistance or above) and bacterial blight disease (22.2% at medium resistance or above). Generally, while the percentage of hybrid rice varieties meeting high-quality standards is increasing, there is still a notable gap compared to conventional rice breeding. The proportion of high-quality rice varieties in Guangdong has been steadily growing, with a positive trend in "excellent, abundant and resistant" varieties. However, further optimization is possible. To cultivate high-quality rice varieties with double resistances, efforts should be put to enhance resistance to bacterial wilt disease. The evaluation and utilization of specific germplasm resources like local varieties should be increased to diversify the genetic background. This approach helps avoid variety homogenization, improves disease and stress resistance and strengthens the synergy between traditional and molecular breeding, enhancing overall breeding efficiency.

With the strong support of national and local policies, the construction of general practice education system and personnel training have been developed in Guangdong Province for nearly 30 years. Since 1996, general practice education in Guangdong Province has gone through four stages, including exploration and start, vigorous growth, development and perfection, comprehensive development. Colleges and universities in Guangdong Province, represented by Guangzhou Medical University, have explored and established a multi-level, multi-path, multi-form and multi-objective general practice education system of treatment-prevention integration, with interconnected academy education, job-transfer training, standardized training, postgraduate education and continuing education, and a standardized training model of general practitioners based on "5+3" has been basically established. The pass rate of the provincial training certificate examination of general practice training students has reached more than 85%. In 2020, there were 4 general practitioners per 10 000 residents, meeting the national requirement of 3 general practitioners per 10 000 residents in 2020. With the purpose to analyze the current situation of the development of general practice education in Guangdong Province, this paper comprehensively summarized the experience and lessons of discipline construction and education training of general practice, broadened the paths and modes of the quality of general practice personnel training, put forward relevant suggestions, to provide policy ideas and reference basis for the rapid development of general practice education in Guangdong Province and even in China in the future.

This article examines the government purchase of social services in China as a window by which to investigate the evolving relations between the party-state and social organizations. Going beyond the conventional focus on state–non-governmental organization (NGO) dynamics in urban areas, we explore the expanded role of social organizations in rural service provision under state-led campaigns of rural modernization. Engaging with institutional theory and the consultative authoritarianism thesis, we argue that NGOs initially operated in an emerging organizational field where they exercised considerable autonomy in setting agendas and designing services. As the party-state's incentives to utilize and co-opt the social work profession grow, however, we observe a trend towards incorporation, wherein social workers now play a bigger role alongside the strengthening of state control over the sector. Through tracing the inception and eventual termination of a decade-long social service project in Guangdong, this article shows how state incorporation might undermine the future role of NGOs in rural development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article succinctly outlines the requirements for rice quality in Guangdong Province and the role of government regulatory policies in advancing high-quality rice breeding. By collecting the regional trial data of 1 101 rice varieties approved by Guangdong Province from 2004 to 2022, the number of varieties meeting the national or ministerial standards approved in each year were counted, and the progress of high-quality rice breeding in Guangdong was evaluated from the perspectives of quality index, resistance and yield. From 2004 to 2022, 106 varieties (combinations) meeting the quality of national standard (ministerial standard) (9.63% of all approved varieties) level I and 320 varieties (combinations) reaching the quality of national standard (ministerial standard) (29.06%) level II were approved by Guangdong. Notably, early season varieties exhibited lower quality rates compared with late season varieties. For rice quality traits, early-season trial varieties displayed lower compliance rates in the quality of national standard (ministerial standard) level II, with chalkiness and chalky grain rate of 41.8% and 43.5%, respectively; the amylose content compliance rate in early-season trial varieties was only 37.32%, indicating that key improvements should be conducted in these three areas for new variety breeding. The average yield of rice varieties with quality meeting national standard level II or above has consistently risen, indicating synergistic improvements in yield and rice quality during the high-quality rice breeding in Guangdong. Varieties meeting the national standard (ministerial standard) level II or above also showed promising resistance rates against rice blast disease (85% at medium resistance or above) and bacterial blight disease (22.2% at medium resistance or above). Generally, while the percentage of hybrid rice varieties meeting high-quality standards is increasing, there is still a notable gap compared to conventional rice breeding. The proportion of highquality rice varieties in Guangdong has been steadily growing, with a positive trend in “excellent, abundant and resistant” varieties. However, further optimization is possible. To cultivate high-quality rice varieties with double resistances, efforts should be put to enhance resistance to bacterial wilt disease. The evaluation and utilization of specific germplasm resources like local varieties should be increased to diversify the genetic background. This approach helps avoid variety homogenization, improves disease and stress resistance and strengthens the synergy between traditional and molecular breeding, enhancing overall breeding efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil investigation, as an important content of modern agricultural investigation, was a product of the introduction of modern Western agricultural technology into China. Guangdong, located at the forefront of modern cultural exchange between China and the West, launched a large number of soil investigations across the province in order to improve its soil. The modern soil investigation in Guangdong began in the 1930s and was initiated simultaneously with the modern national soil survey. Guangdong was an important area for conducting soil surveys in China at that time. From the perspective of knowledge history, the rise of soil investigation in modern Guangdong in the 1930s was not an accidental historical event, but a complex historical process that began from the late Qing Dynasty to the early Republic of China, involving the localization of Western scientific knowledge and the accumulation of local scientific knowledge. This historical process includes not only the breeding of modern soil scientists under the introduction of Western soil science knowledge, but also the re-understanding and reconstruction of Chinese local geology and agricultural knowledge by modern intellectuals using Western scientific knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Camellia, the largest genus of Theaceae, is well-known for having high economic values. Camellia granthamiana demonstrates large beautiful flowers with some primitive characters, such as multiple large and persistent bracteoles and sepals, was listed as Vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List. Methods: In this study, we investigated all possible records of the species, and sampled four natural populations and five cultivated individuals. By applying shallow-genome sequencing for nine individuals and RAD-seq sequencing for all the sampled 77 individuals, we investigated population genetic diversity and population structure of the species. Results and discussion: The results showed that the population sampled from Fengkai, previously identified as C. albogigias, possessed different plastid genome from other species possibly due to plastid capture; the species possesses strong population structure possibly due to the effect of isolation by distance, habitat fragmentation, and self-crossing tendency of the species, whose effective population size declined quickly in the past 4,000 years. Nevertheless, C. granthamiana maintains a medium level of genetic diversity within population, and significant differentiation was observed among the four investigated populations, it is anticipated that more populations are expected to be found and all these extant populations should be taken into instant protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nuclear Safety is the property of Nuclear & Radiation Safety Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Coastal salt marshes, as an important wetland type, have great social, economic and ecological values. This study surveyed and analyzed the distribution of coastal salt marshes in Guangdong Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, based on multi-source domestic high spatial resolution satellite imagery and field survey. At the end of 2019, the distribution areas of coastal salt marshes in Guangdong and Guangxi were 1 258.00 hm2 and 1 450.36 hm2, respectively. Salt marshes distributed in 14 coastal cities of Guangdong except Maoming. The distribution areas of salt marshes in Zhuhai, Jiangmen and Zhanjiang were 438.89 hm2, 331.83 hm2 and 162.36 hm2, respectively, accounting for 34.89%, 26.38% and 12.91% of the total salt marsh area in Guangdong. Salt marshes distributed in 3 coastal cities of Guangxi. The distribution areas of salt marshes in Beihai, Fangchenggang, and Qinzhou were 1 354.87 hm2, 49.73 hm2 and 45.76 hm2, respectively, accounting for 93.41%, 3.43% and 3.16% of the total salt marsh area in Guangxi. The distribution areas of Spartina alterniflora in Guangdong and Guangxi were 327.96 hm2 and 1 312.02 hm2, respectively. Spartina alterniflora in Guangdong was mainly distributed in Jiangmen, Yangjiang, Zhanjiang and Chaozhou, with the area of 179.07 hm2, 73.64 hm2, 69.72 hm2 and 5.52 hm2, respectively. The area of Spartina alterniflora in the coastal tidal zone of Guangdong has been relatively stable in the past 5 years. Spartina alterniflora in Guangxi was mainly distributed in Beihai and Qinzhou, with the area of 1 309.04 hm2 and 2.98 hm2, respectively. The area of Spartina alterniflora in Guangxi increased by 1 311.08 hm2 compared with the introduction year. Spartina alterniflora expanded continuously in the east coast of Beihai, Tieshan Harbor, and Lianzhou Bay, especially Spartina alterniflora in Lianzhou Bay was in the rapid expansion period. More work is suggested to strengthen the operational monitoring, prevention and control of Spartina alterniflora.

ObjectiveTo summarize the characteristics of foodborne diseases in Guangdong Province in 2020， and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control strategies.MethodsThe data from January 2020 to December 2020 in the National Foodborne Surveillance Reporting System （CFSA） were with descriptive epidemiological analysis， conducted according to the three distribution and pathogenic factors of the disease. SPSS 21.0 software was used for statistical analysis.ResultsIn 2020， a total of 27 397 cases of foodborne diseases were reported， with an average annual incidence of 0.24‰ （27 397/115 210 000）， a hospitalization rate of 10.66%（2 920/27 397）， and no deaths. The incidence in the Pearl River Delta region was 0.28‰ （18 303/6 447 million）. The hospitalization rate was 6.88% （1 259/18 303）， and the incidence rate in eastern and northwestern Guangdong was 0.18‰ （9 094/5 074 million）， and the hospitalization rate was 18.26% （1 661/9 094）. The main symptoms of the cases were diarrhea， and the ratio of male to female was close to 1∶1. The number of cases in each age group was 31.51% （8 633/27 397） in the 31-59 age group. Among the occupational population， children living in the diaspora accounted for 16.86% （4 620/27 397）， while students accounted for 16.48% （4 515/27 397）. The peak of reported cases was from August to December. The main food exposed cases were mixed food 7 392 cases （27.08%， 7 392/27 297）， meat and meat products 4 511 cases （16.53%， 4 511/27 297）， grain and its products 3 734 cases （13.68%，3 734/27 297）； The main feeding places were 65.53%（17 954/27 397） at home and 15.03%（4 117/27 397） at restaurants. Among 4 395 cases， 1 171 were positive for pathogenic bacteria， and the overall positive rate of pathogenic bacteria was 26.64% （1 171/4 395）. The positive rate of Salmonella was 26.23% （1 153/4 395）. Sixteen strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were positive， and the positive detection rate was 0.36% （16/4 395）. Two strains of Escherichia coli were positive， and the positive detection rate was 0.05% （2/4 395）. The positive rate of Shigella was 0.02% （1/4 395）. The positive detection rate was the highest in July， and the main exposed food was grain and its products. Eleven cases were positive for norovirus and the overall positive rate was 0.25% （11/4 395）. The positive rate of norovirus was the highest in January， and the main exposed food was meat and meat products.ConclusionThe foodborne disease incidence of Guangdong Province in 2020 is low but the hospitalization rates have certain proportion， western part of guangdong region has low incidence but the hospitalization rate is higher， the pearl river delta region high incidence but hospitalization rate is low， cases analysis showed that family scattered children and students accounted for the high proportion of the crowd， the cases were mainly in the summer， Salmonella detection rate is higher， it should strengthen the focus on the prevention and control of the crowd.

Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases have been on the rise, with a significant proportion being zoonotic. Rodents, as the natural reservoirs of numerous diverse zoonotic viruses, pose a substantial threat to human health. To investigate the diversity of known and unknown viruses harbored by rodents in Guangdong (southern province of China), we conducted a comprehensive analysis of viral genomes through metagenomic sequencing of organs from 194 rodents. Our analysis yielded 2163 viral contigs that were assigned to 25 families known to infect a wide range of hosts, including vertebrates, invertebrates, amoebas, and plants. The viral compositions vary considerably among different organs, but not in rodent species. We also assessed and prioritized zoonotic potential of those detected viruses. Ninety-two viral species that are either known to infect vertebrates and invertebrates or only vertebrates were identified, among which 21 are considered high-risk to humans. The high-risk viruses included members of the Hantavirus, Picobirnaviruses, Astroviruses and Pestivirus. The phylogenetic trees of four zoonotic viruses revealed features of novel viral genomes that seem to fit evolutionarily into a zone of viruses that potentially pose a risk of transmission to humans. Recognizing that zoonotic diseases are a One Health issue, we approached the problem of identifying the zoonotic risk from rodent-transmitted disease in the Guangdong province by performing next-generation sequencing to look for potentially zoonotic viruses in these animals.

This article explores connections and continuities between the Second World War and the early Cold War in three territories under European colonial rule in South China. It argues that the dismantling of French power in Guangzhouwan and the maintenance of British and Portuguese rule in Hong Kong and Macau owed as much to the specific wartime experience of these territories as to the convergence of competing post-war interests in China and Southeast Asia. Drawing on multilingual sources, this comparative study sheds new light on the challenges and opportunities posed by remnants of colonialism in South China for the Kuomintang, the CCP, and other actors in a context of Chinese Civil War, early Cold War and decolonisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Significant increases in both heatwaves and heavy precipitation were reported under global warming, leading to detrimental social, economic, and environmental impacts. However, future variations of such compound heatwave and heavy precipitation events (CHWHPs) were barely analyzed in Guangdong. Therefore, a downscaled compound heatwave-precipitation analysis approach (DCHP) was developed to explore the spatio-temporal variations of CHWHPs in Guangdong under two shared socioeconomic pathways (i.e., SSPs). Potential changes in four parameters (i.e., the occurrence frequency, the average duration, the total intensity, and the longest duration) of projected CHWHPs for the future (i.e., 2025–2054 and 2066–2095) and historical (i.e., 1985–2014) periods were analyzed based on the multi-model ensemble of 15 global climate models (GCMs) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Projected Phase 6 (CMIP6). Additionally, the effects of multiple impact factors (GCM, SSP, and their interactions) on the compound events were investigated through a multilevel factorial analysis approach. The results showed that the majority of Guangdong would undergo a significant increasing trend in the projected temperature and precipitation (e.g., 0.43–0.61 °C per decade and − 7.79 to 43.02 mm per decade under SSP5–8.5). Spatial changes and interannual trends suggested that Guangdong would suffer more CHWHP events in the future, especially for 2066–2095 under SSP5–8.5. The variations of four parameters are projected to increase by 13.86 events, 2.27 days per event, 55.32 °C, and 7.13 days during 2066–2095 under SSP5–8.5, respectively; the MK test of four parameters are statistically significant and the Sen's slopes are 0.0125%, 0.0027%, 0.1946%, and 0.0097% per decade, respectively. The higher increases in such parameters are expected to be concentrated in western, northwestern, and northeastern Guangdong. The factorial analysis results indicate that the GCM choice is a major impacting factor on the projected CHWHP parameters in two future periods; the contribution of such factor would decrease slightly from 2025–2054 to 2066–2095. The results can help support informed decision-making to mitigate and adapt to potential risks from compound events in multiple sectors under climate change, such as human health and agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exploding popularity of social networks provides a new opportunity to study disasters and public emotion. Among the social networks, Weibo is one of the largest microblogging services in China. Taking Guangdong and Guangxi in the south of China as a case, Web Scraper was used to obtain Weibo texts related to floods in 2020. The spatial distribution of floods was analyzed using Kernel Density Estimation. Public emotion was analyzed using Natural Language Processing tools. The association between floods and public emotion was explored through correlation analysis methods. The results indicated that: (1) Weibo texts could be utilized as effective data to identify urban waterlogging risk in Guangdong and Guangxi. (2) The waterlogging was mainly distributed in the southern part of Guangdong and Guangxi, especially in the provincial capitals and coastal cities. (3) Public emotion was predominantly negative, especially during periods of heavy precipitation. (4) There was a strong correlation between public emotion and floods in spatial–temporal variation. The degree of negative public emotion was significantly influenced by the number of waterlogging points. The presented results serve as the preliminary data for future planning and designing of emergency management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of global environmental changes, the frequency of various disasters and extreme events is increasing, and enhancing urban resilience has become an important guide for current urban development. Previous studies have mainly focused on changes in urban resilience, with less consideration for the impact of spatial spillover effects on urban resilience. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the temporal and spatial evolution of urban resilience and its spatial spillover effects in Guangdong from 2012 to 2020 based on the urban resilience assessment model, the Getis-Ord Gi* model, and the improved Capello model. The results are as follows: Affected by COVID-19, the urban resilience of Guangdong Province declined from 2019 to 2020, and 42.86% of the cities demonstrated negative growth in their urban resilience. Urban resilience exhibited significant spatially non-equilibrium characteristics among different cities. The urban resilience of the cities in eastern, northern, and western Guangdong, which are the "collapse zone" of urban resilience, was lower than 0.229 from 2012 to 2020. The intensity of urban resilience spillover in Guangdong presented a typical three-level circle structure of "core-subcore-periphery", which decreased from the core circle to the surrounding circle. COVID-19 caused a 27.21% decrease in the total urban resilience spillover in Guangdong from 2019 to 2020. Finally, we identified critical driving factors of urban resilience using the optimal-parameters geographical detector model. This study can provide a scientific reference for the Chinese government to build resilient cities and improve sustainable urban development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To reveal the clinical characteristics of adolescent depressive symptoms in Qingyuan City, Guangdong Province. Methods From March to April 2022, stratified random sampling method was adopted to randomly select 16 middle schools in Qingyuan City, Guangdong Province, and then two classes from each grade in each middle school were randomly selected, a total of 131 classes were selected, and all the students in the class were taken as the investigation objects. Demographic characteristics were assessed by self-designed general situation questionnaire, and depressive symptoms were assessed by depression scale made by epidemiological survey center. A total of 6 000 questionnaires were sent out, and 5 762 valid questionnaires were obtained, with an effective recovery rate of 96. 0%. Results Among the 5 762 students, 1 915 (33. 2%) had definite depressive symptoms. The age of students with definite depressive symptoms was 16 (15, 17) years old, and the peak was 16 years old, accounting for 28. 5% (546/1 915). The top three depressio n symptoms were inferiority [30. 2% (579/1 915)], annoyance [16. 2% (311/1 915)], and emptiness [15. 4% (295/1 915)]. Among them, girls, high school students, 0-6 years old parents of other people, single parent families, sleep problems, non-study electronic products use time greater than or equal to 1 h per day, the detection rate of adolescent depressive symptoms was higher, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0. 05). Conclusion The incidence of depressive symptoms is high in Qingyuan City, Guangdong Province. The adolescents with depressive symptoms face inferiority, annoyance and emptiness. Gender, age, caregiver, family structure, sleep, and time spent on electronic devices were associated with depressive symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vegetation variation is one of important indicators to evaluate the quality of ecological environment and measure the status of surface vegetation. Exploring the spatio-temporal dynamic variation of vegetation and its influencing factors is of great significance for the protection of ecological environment and the restoration of vegetation. Based on MODIS LAI satellite remote sensing products, meteorological data and socio-economic data, the spatial-temporal variation of LAI and its influencing factors in Guangdong province from 2003 to 2020 were explored through Theil-Sen Median trend analysis, Mann-Kendall significance test, Hurst index analysis and geographic detector. The results show that the variation of LAI annual mean exhibits a fluctuating upward trend(0.219/10a)from 2003 to 2020, and the LAI seasonal average in the descending order are winter(0.405/10a), spring(0.251/10a), autumn(0.139/10a)and summer(0.111/10a); spatially, high values of LAI are distributed in the northwest, while low values are distributed in the southeast, mainly in the Pearl River Delta and coastal economic zone. LAI showes a weakly sustainable and weakly anti-sustainable trend in the future. Moreover, the area with sustainability and improvement is larger than the area showing stability and degradation, indicating the strong possibility of improvement for vegetation in Guangdong province in the future. The main influencing factors of LAI in Guangdong province are elevation, population density and GDP, of which elevation has the most impact with an explanatory power of 16.9% for LAI spatial distribution. Moreover, the interaction of two factors could enhance the explanatory power of LAI spatial distribution in Guangdong province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni / Zhongshan Daxue Xuebao is the property of Sun-Yat-Sen University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Seashore saline soil is a kind of soil formed after the sediments flowing into the sea with surface runoff or shallow sea sediments lifted up by wind and waves, flocculated and deposited in the intertidal zone under the action of tides and ocean currents, and finally exposed to the sea surface as the result of continuously silting up. The seashore saline soil in Guangdong Province is rich in resources, mainly distributed in Zhanjiang, Zhuhai, Jiangmen, Shantou and other places, and has an extremely important strategic position in the coastal economic development. Seashore saline soil is one of the main types of low and medium yielding fields, and the soils are characterized by high salt content and salinization. Due to the high nutrient content, rich soil organic matter and high potential fertility, they can become good fields through appropriate improvement measures. The management strategies of seashore saline soil utilization include isolating seawater from invading farmland again through engineering measures; improving drainage and irrigation conditions, applying rainwater dewatering and desalination technology, using artificial dewatering and desalination technology, planting combined wtih dewatering and desalination technology and other measures to drain and reduce salt. The sustainable utilization of seashore saline soil can be realized through soil improvement, scientific fertilization, root strengthening cultivation, selection of rice varieties resistant to salt or aquatic crop rotation and other technical measures. The seashore saline soil is an important reserve resource for the future development of arable land in Guangdong Province, and the full development and utilization of seashore saline soil is of great significance in increasing the sown area of grain, expanding arable land resources and ensuring food security. Based on the current situation of seashore saline soils in Guangdong, it is proposed to attach great imporntance to the special investigation of eashore saline soil resources, strengthen financial investment, promote scientific research, and establish long-term positioning observation stations for comprehensive management.

Nutrients were the key biogenic elements for the primary production in coastal water, and the increase of nutrient concentration led to eutrophication and frequent occurrence of harmful algal blooms. However, the seasonal nutrients variation, eutrophication pattern, and Chlorophyll a (Chl-a) response adjacent to Guangdong coastal water were still scarcely. In this study, to clarity the seasonal nutrients variation, eutrophication pattern, and Chl-a, response adjacent to coastal water, the spatiotemporal dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and phosphorus (DIP) patterns and Chl-a were explored by field observation using 52 stations in the coastal waters of Guangdong Province during the dry (April and May), wet (July and August) and normal (October and November) seasons in 2020. The results showed that the variability of Chl-a, DIN and DIP were significantly different in seasons (P

The close production and consumption relationship between industries leads to the embodied CO2 transfer among industrial sectors along with the exchange of products. Thus, grasping the situation of embodied carbon transfers from the demand side is of great significance for better reducing a country or region’s CO2 emissions. This study investigates the embodied carbon transfers in Guangdong Province from 2002 to 2017 from the industrial dimension by applying a hypothetical extraction method. An enhanced generalized RAS method was utilized to predict the intersectoral carbon transfers in 2025 and 2030. The results show that, from 2002 to 2017, the average proportion of carbon emission output of 72.11% made the production and supply of electricity and heat sector the main CO2 emission transfer exporter, while the other service and construction sectors were the leading importers. Moreover, the embodied carbon transfers between these three sectors are the main carbon transfer paths. By 2025, the other service sectors will become the largest embodied carbon importers, surpassing the construction sector. Therefore, it is necessary to control the consumption demand of other service and construction sectors on the demand side to reduce carbon emissions driven by demand.

Objective To analize the influencing factors of diagnosis delay of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in this area, and further to provide a scientific basis for improving continuously regional tuberculosis control plans and measures. Methods The reported information of new pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Yingde City, Guangdong from 2010-2020 was collected and abstracted from Tuberculosis Information Management System of China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Furthermore, the general levels trend and influencing factors (including gender, age, residence, medical institution of providing diagnosis, etc) of diagnosis delay, which defined as more than 28 days from the date of symptom onset to the date of diagnosis, were retrospectively analyzed during eleven years. Results (1) The total number of new pulmonary tuberculosis cases registered was 11 973 cases, and diagnosis delay occurred in 3 189 cases (accounting for 26.63%). And the median time of diagnosis delay was 17 days, which this time was calculated from the 29th day of symptom start date to the clear diagnosis date. (2) The ratio of diagnosis delay were about 30% in 2010, 2011 and 2020 and that of the other years were fluctuating between 22.35% ~ 26.65%. The trend of median time of diagnosis delay was increased year by year in 2010-2014 and median time of diagnosis delay jumped to a peak of 33 days in 2014. Fortunately, the trend in subsequent 6 years was a general decline and the minimum of median time of diagnosis delay was 9 days in 2018. (3) The ratio of diagnosis delay in ≥ 60 years group was 22.61% and significantly lower than other ages groups (P = 0.000). The ratio of diagnosis delay of cases living in district, suburban, rural increased in turn and presented significant difference (P = 0.000) among them. But, there was no significant difference between male and female (P = 0.462). (4) The median time of diagnosis delay were 17 days and 16 days for male and female and 10, 13, 18 and 20 days for cases of < 18, 18 ~ 44, 45 ~ 59 and ≥ 60 age groups respectively. It were 19, 17, 16 days for cases from suburbs, rural and urban and 20, 15, 12 and 8 days for cases visiting to comprehensive medical institutions, town health center and prison hospitals, chronic disease prevention hospitals respectively. Conclusion The overall situation of diagnosis delay for pulmonary tuberculosis have obtained continuous improvement in Yingde City, Guangdong. However its major influencing factors, including age, residence, medical institution, etc, must be payed more attention and suitable new strategies and measures must be formulated and fulfilled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the data from observational stations in Guangdong, the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, and the NOAA sea surface temperature (SST) data for the last 50 years from 1971 to 2020, this paper has analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of temperature and precipitation during the Spring Festival travel rush in Guangdong. Possible causes of three types of climate anomalies are also investigated through comparison. The results are as follow: Over these five decades, the average temperature in Guangdong, especially in the Pearl River Delta and eastern Guangdong, showed a significant upward trend during the Spring Festival travel rush. Meanwhile, the number of rainy days in Guangdong, especially in northwestern Guangdong and the coastal regions of eastern/western Guangdong, showed a significant decreasing trend. There were totally 21 abnormal years with different concurrent variation between temperature and precipitation, including four cold and wet years, six cold and dry years, and eleven warm and dry years. In cold and wet years and cold and dry years, the meridional circulation prevailed over the mid‐high latitudes of Eurasia and the Siberian high pressure was relatively strong, which were favorable for the southward invasion of cold air. In particular, the pattern with northward higher and southward lower geopotential height was found over the western part of East Asia during cold and wet years while over the eastern part of East Asia during cold and dry years, respectively. Moreover, cold air invaded through the middle and the west paths when the geopotential height was higher eastward and lower westward over the low latitudes in cold and wet years. By contrast, in cold and dry years, cold air invaded through the east path when coincidently negative anomaly of geopotential height occupied the low latitudes. In short, transport of water vapor was favored during cold and wet years while depressed during cold and dry years. Furthermore, the equatorial central and eastern Pacific was warmer (colder) earlier in the cold and wet (cold and dry) years, which resulted in larger (smaller) and stronger (weaker) subtropical high over the western Pacific and colder (warmer) western Pacific warm pool. Thus, obvious anti-cyclonic (cyclonic) circulation was stimulated over the Philippine Sea area, which promoted (depressed) the southwestward water vapor transport and generated more (less) precipitation in Guangdong. In warm and dry years, zonal circulation prevailed and the pattern with northward lower and southward higher geopotential height was found over the mid-high latitudes of East Asia. Moreover, both East Asian trough and Siberian high were weak, which were not favorable for the southward invasion of cold air. Guangdong was under the control of anticyclonic circulation, and thus divergence and sinking brought high temperature and less rainfall to Guangdong. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experiences worldwide indicate that the relationship between energy consumption and economic development is complex. Guangdong Province has experienced a more than threefold increase in GDP since 2005, but it is not clear whether rapid economic growth is at the cost of a large amount of energy consumption. In this study, we employ spatial autocorrelation and hotspot analysis to discover the spatial agglomeration of GDP per capita and energy intensity in Guangdong, China, from 2005 to 2018. Furthermore, panel vector autoregression coupled with a system generalized method of moments is performed to examine the dynamic causal relationship between energy consumption and economic growth under the framework of the Cobb–Douglas production function. We used a multivariate model and grouped studies based on the differences in regional economic development and the results with similar research. The results show that the GDP per capita of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) is significantly higher than that of the peripheral municipalities. However, energy intensity shows an entirely different spatial distribution. The development of the regional economy depends on its own "assembling effect". In regions with significant differences in economic development, it is necessary to conduct grouping studies; otherwise, the overall results will not represent partial results. GDP explains approximately 68.3% of the total variation in energy consumption in the PRD but only approximately 34.5% of that in the peripheral municipalities. We do not confirm Granger causality between energy consumption and economic development. Guangdong can decrease its energy consumption growth without substantially sacrificing its economic growth. The contribution of this study is to propose an analytical framework of the relationship between energy consumption and economic development that integrates time and space perspectives to account for spatial effects in panel analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Introduction] New energy storage is one of the important means to improve the system's adjustment ability, and it is an important part of building a new power system. It is necessary to clarify the market positioning of new energy storage, and to study and improve the cost allocation and price mechanism of new energy storage, which will help guide its health, orderly and efficient development. [Method] The relevant policies and operation of new energy storage at home and abroad were sorted out, the function and role of new energy storage in the power system was analyzed. Combined with the actual situation of Guangdong power system, the scale demand of new energy storage construction before 2030 was studied. Based on the current price mechanism in Guangdong, the energy storage economy of power generation, power grid (independent), user-side was estimated, the current situation and existing problems of Guangdong's new energy storage policies were analyzed. Guangdong's new energy storage supporting policies and mechanism suggestions were comprehensively put forward. [Result] From the perspective of peak shaving and frequency regulation, there is no urgent need for new energy storage in Guangdong before 2030, there is no clear cost recovery mechanism for new energy distribution and energy storage, and photovoltaics and onshore wind power have a small amount of cost digestion space for strong distribution of energy storage, offshore wind power does not have the cost digestion space for strong distribution of energy storage. The business model of grid-side (independent) energy storage is not yet clear, and benefits can be obtained through ancillary services and spot electricity price difference, but the operating rules need to be further clarified, and it is not yet economical. The user-side energy storage business model is relatively clear. According to the current peak-valley electricity price policy, it has certain economic benefits, but the investment recovery period is long and it faces the risk of policy changes. [Conclusion] The new energy storage is divided into two types: market-oriented and non-market-oriented. The former is invested by various market entities other than the power grid. Under reasonable prices and operating mechanisms, profits are obtained through market-oriented channels, and a reasonable new energy storage system is formed by market regulation. energy scale and layout; the latter is invested by the grid company, and the cost is recovered through the transmission and distribution price.

Wild rice is an important genebank for the breeding of new rice varieties. Since the first national survey and collection of wild rice resources in Guangdong from 1978 to 1980, remarkable achievements have been made in the conservation and utilization of wild rice germplasm resources: the National Germplasm Resources Nursery for Wild Rice and Guangdong Provincial Germplasm Resources Genebank for Rice have been established in Guangzhou. Till now, 5 188 wild rice accessions have been planted and conserved at the nursery, and seeds propagated from more than 4 000 accessions have been conserved in the genebank, covering 20 wild rice species. Two in situ conservation sites for Oryza rufipogon have been constructed, including one in Guangzhou and the other in Maoming, respectively. A wild rice resource conservation system combining nursery, seed genebank and in situ conservation has been formed. 156 varieties were bred directly or indirectly from Guangdong wild rice germplasm resources and approved by variety approval committees of various levels, including 18 nationally-approved varieties. Moreover, the quality of most of these varieties reached the national standard, ministry standard or provincial standard of high-quality grade 3 or above, indicating that the wild rice germplasm resources play an important role in the cultivation of high-quality rice varieties. However, the following main problems still exist in the conservation, breeding and utilization of wild rice germplasm resources in Guangdong Province: the layout of in situ wild rice conservation sites is incomplete, and the natural survival of wild rice is endangered; the facilities and equipment conditions for wild rice resource evaluation are not perfect, and the in-depth evaluation is insufficient, which affects the full use of wild rice resources. It is suggested to increase the investment in wild rice conservation and evaluation, strengthen the planning, construction and management of wild rice in situ conservation sites, enhance the innovation of excellent germplasm resources of wild rice, the creation of new breeding materials and the basic researches of related applications so as to promote greater achievements in the conservation and breeding utilization of wild rice resources.

Industry is widely valued as an important contributor to carbon emissions. Therefore, it is of great significance to analyze the industrial carbon emissions (ICE) in Guangdong, the strongest industrial province in China. We have adopted the carbon emission accounting model and standard deviational ellipse analysis model to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics and evolution trends of the industry carbon emission amount and intensity in Guangdong from 1998 to 2013. The study results include: (1) Due to the rapid development of industry, Guangdong's ICE showed a steady growth trend; (2) The distribution characteristics of ICE were characterized by the trend of taking the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region as the center and gradually spreading to the surrounding areas. From the perspective of industrial sectors, it can be divided into steady growth type, fluctuant growth type, basically stable type, and decrease type; (3) The spatial pattern of the ICE in Guangdong is basically the same as that of the total industrial output value, that is, the southwest-northeast pattern. This work is helpful for China's carbon peak, especially for the formulation of industrial carbon peak policy and the sustainable development of the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the species distribution and the antifungal susceptibility of fungi originating from positive blood cultures in Guangdong, so as to provide a basis for the rational use of antifungal drugs in clinical fungal bloodstream infections. Methods All data were collected for retrospective study from monitoring units of the Guangdong Fungal Disease Surveillance Network between 2019-2021, including clinical characteristics, species distribution and antifungal susceptibility. Results A total of 3 589 fungi strains were isolated, most of which were Candida spp. (86.5%, 3 105/3 589). The most common species was Candida albicans (36.6%, 1 315/3 589), followed by Candida tropicalis (17.4%, 1 626/3 589) and Candida parapsilosis (14.5%, 520/3 589). There were 42.1%(1 512/3 589) of strains isolated from ICU. The proportions of Candida albicans strains were 40.0%-50.0% among ICU, general surgery, organ transplantation and emergency department. Candida tropicalis (60.0%, 144/240) was the most common species in hematology department. Both Cryptococcus neoformans (35.4%, 69/195) and Talaromyces marneffei (35.9%,70/195) were common in infection department. All of the Candida isolates were of wild-type (WT) phenotype to amphotericin B. Resistance rates of caspofungin and micafungin for Candida spp. ranged from 0.0% to 4.2%. The resistance rates of Candida tropicalis to fluconazole and voriconazole were 42.3% and 38.9%, which were significantly higher than other common Candida spp. The cryptococcus neoformans strains were totally of WT phenotype to fluconazole and voriconazole. Conclusions Candida albicans is the most common species originating from positive blood cultures in Guangdong Province. Common Candida strains are highly sensitive to echinocandins and amphotericin B. Candida tropicalis has a high resistance rate to triazole drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vaccination is the key to prevent varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection in children. Voluntary and self-funded strategies have led to variable vaccination rates against VZV in China. For low-income populations, in particular, the effects of VZV vaccination have been insufficiently estimated. Community-based serosurveillance was conducted in two less developed regions, Zhanjiang and Heyuan, of Guangdong, China. Anti-VZV IgG antibodies in serum were detected by ELISA. The vaccination data were derived from the Guangdong Immune Planning Information System. A total of 4221 participants were involved, of which 3377 were from three counties of Zhanjiang and the other 844 were from one county of Heyuan, Guangdong, China. The total VZV IgG seropositivity rate in vaccinated individuals was 34.30% and 42.76%, while it was 89.61% and 91.62% in non-vaccinated populations of Zhanjiang and Heyuan, respectively. The seropositivity rate increased gradually with age, reaching ~90% in the >20- to 30-year-old group. The VarV vaccination rates of children aged 1–14 years were 60.47% for one dose and 6.20% for two doses in Zhanjiang, and 52.24% for one dose and 4.48% for two doses in Heyuan. Compared with the non-vaccinated group (31.19%) and one-dose group (35.47%), the positivity rate of anti-VZV IgG antibodies was significantly higher in the two-dose group (67.86%). Before the VarV policy was reformed, the anti-VZV IgG positivity rate was 27.85% in the one-dose-vaccinated participants, which increased to 30.43% after October 2017. The high seroprevalence in participants was due to infection of VZV in Zhanjiang and Heyuan, not vaccination against VZV. Children aged 0–5 years are still vulnerable to varicella, so a two-dose vaccination program should be implemented to prevent onward transmission of VZV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Rural Water & Hydropower is the property of China Rural Water & Hydropower Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on the data obtained on carbon emissions in Guangdong Province, China, from 1997 to 2019, this study focused on the relationship between energy consumption and population development in Guangdong Province. This study quantitatively analyzed the impact of different population structures and technological progress on carbon emissions in Guangdong Province by establishing an extended model of Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology (STIRPAT). The results showed that the population size factor was not as good as the population structure factor for carbon emissions. In addition, different demographic factors affected carbon emissions differently with both positive and negative effects. Finally, relevant policy suggestions were proposed from the perspectives of encouraging the childbearing of appropriate-age residents, optimizing the population structure, reducing the separation of people and households, guiding residents to return to the traditional family model, guiding residents to live a low-carbon life, optimizing industrial institutions, and adjusting the energy consumption structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]