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Copyright of Dental Press Endodontics is the property of Dental Press International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is an uncommon and severe condition in patients who are receiving treatment with antiresorptive and/or antiangiogenic drugs, which are frequently used to treat or prevent cancer metastases. The treatment of MRONJ is challenging because the choice of a specific dental treatment depends on several factors, including the systemic condition of the patient, type and dosage of medications, and clinical and radiographic characteristics of the dental lesions. This case report describes the conservative endodontic treatment of an odontogenic infection in a patient at risk of developing MRONJ owing to bisphosphonate treatment. Endodontic retreatment was performed to control the odontogenic infection and avoid tooth extraction. Certain factors favor the use of a conservative approach, such as a localized and small infection, the absence of systemic factors (such as metabolic disorders or medications) that can impair bone healing, and good oral hygiene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of cervical preflaring on the choice of reciprocating file size (Reciproc system) and the difficulty in reaching the working length for Instrumentation of molar root canals. A total of 352 human molars were divided into 2 groups of 176 molars each. In the no preflaring (NPF) group, no cervical preflaring was performed. A reciprocating file (R25, R40, or R50) was selected, and instrumentation was performed in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. In the preflaring (PF) group, a file was selected, and cervical preflaring was performed with the use of No. 30/.10 or No. 25/.08 orifice shaper instruments. The clinician then selected a new reciprocating file or used the originally selected file to perform the instrumentation as done in the NPF group. Any changes in choice of file after preflaring were documented for the PF group, and the number of insertions required to reach the working length was recorded for both groups. After preflaring, the selected file was changed from R25 to R40 in 20.08% of canals, from R25 to R50 in 0.40% of canals, and from R40 to R50 in 42.14% of canals. After preflaring, 2.88% of the canals with an initial selection of an R50 file required an instrument with a larger diameter for effective preparation. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups for all file size changes (P < 0.001; x² test). The mean numbers of instrument insertions needed for the NPF and PF groups, respectively, were 4.09 and 2.42 (R25); 3.49 and 2.31 (R40); and 2.70 and 1.81 (R50). There was a statistically significant difference between the groups for all file sizes (P < 0.001; Kruskal-Wallis test). Under the conditions of this study, preflaring enabled a more suitable selection of reciprocating instrument, which, in turn, allowed for fewer insertions of the file up to the working length. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bending and cyclic fatigue resistance of Wave One Gold (WOG) and XI Blue (X1B) instruments when tested at body temperature (36°C ± 1°C) with and without subjected to an alloy cooling protocol. Materials and Methods: A total of sixty instruments (n=30) were tested. Forty instruments (n=20) were randomly selected and divided into two groups: body temperature (BT; n=20) and body temperature with cooling protocol (CP; n=20). Cyclic fatigue test was performed until fracture in a conventional stainless-steel device with water bath equipment to simulate body temperature. CP group instruments were subjected to 5 seconds of spray cooling every 30 seconds. Time to fracture was recorded in seconds. Resistance to bending at an angle of 45 degrees was evaluated using twenty instruments (n=10). Fractured surfaces were examined under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Statistical analysis was performed at a 5% significance level. Results: There was no difference in the cyclic fatigue resistance between instruments in BT groups (P>0.05). Cooling protocol significantly increased the cyclic fatigue resistance of X1B instruments (P=0.0003) and WOG instruments (P=0.0003). Results: WOG instruments had a significantly lower cyclic fatigue resistance compared to X1B instruments in CP group (P=0.0001). There were no significant differences between the values of resistance increase presented by the instruments after cooling (P>0.05). Bending test presented no statistically significant differences between the tested instruments (P>0.05). Both instruments in both groups showed typical features of cyclic fatigue behavior under SEM. Conclusions: XI Blue #25.06 and WaveOne Gold #25.07 instruments presented similar cyclic fatigue resistance. The investigated clinical-replicable cooling protocol improved the cyclic fatigue resistance of the tested instruments, with XI Blue #25.06 presenting a greater cyclic fatigue resistance after cooling. Both instruments presented a similar bending capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dental Press Endodontics is the property of Dental Press International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Dentistry & Research is the property of Dental Press International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dental Press Endodontics is the property of Dental Press International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To characterize the microbial etiology of chronic suppurative otitis media comparing the methods of classical bacteriological culture and polymerase chain reaction. Design/Setting/Patients: Bacteriological analysis by classical culture and by molecular polymerase chain reaction of 35 effusion otitis samples from patients with cleft lip and palate attending the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies of the University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil. Interventions: Collection of clinical samples of otitis by effusion through the external auditory tube. Main Outcome Measure: Otolaryngologic diagnosis of chronic suppurative otitis media. Results: Positive cultures were obtained from 83% of patients. Among the 31 bacterial lineages the following were isolated. In order of decreasing frequency: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (54.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (25.9%), and Enterococcus faecalis (19.2%). No anaerobes were isolated by culture. The polymerase chain reaction was positive for one or more bacteria investigated in 97.1% of samples. Anaerobe lineages were detected by the polymerase chain reaction method, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides fragilis, and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius. Conclusions: Patients with cleft lip and palate with chronic suppurative otitis media presented high frequency of bacterial infection in the middle ear. The classical bacteriological culture did not detect strict anaerobes, whose presence was identified by the polymerase chain reaction method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) alloy was developed by the metallurgist William Buehler, and it has since been introduced into various fields of knowledge due to its properties of super elasticity and shape memory effect. The introduction of NiTi revolutionized endodontics as it enhanced safety in the biomechanical preparation of curved root canals, even in larger diameters. Its utilization offered advantages over stainless steel files. This study aimed to conduct a literature review of the advancements in the mechanical properties of the NiTi alloy used in the manufacturing of endodontic instruments. The bibliographical research was conducted from the electronic search of articles indexed in English in electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) without time restrictions. Articles were identified by crossing the following descriptors: NiTi, Nitinol, and Endodontics. The initial endodontic instruments made of NiTi were austenitic, and, therefore, less flexible. The incorporation of new manufacturing methods, such as electropolishing and heat treatments allowed the creation of instruments with higher amounts of martensitic phase, resulting in greater flexibility and enhanced fracture resistance and ensuring safety in treating curved canals. The introduction of NiTi in the manufacturing of endodontic instruments is associated with an improved safety and efficiency in biomechanical preparation compared to stainless steel files. Heat treatments enabled the production of more flexible and fracture-resistant instruments for curved canal preparation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To compare the time dispensed and the surface characteristics when a root-end resection was performed with a surgical ultrasonic device (VarioSurg, NSK, Japan) or with a Zekrya bur. Forty distal roots of freshly extracted mandibular molars were selected and divided into four different groups: (G1) stainless steel insert with ultrasound; (G2) diamond insert with ultrasound; (G3) stainless steel and diamond inserts with ultrasound, and (G4) Zekrya burs. The time required for the root-end resection was timed and the surface characteristics were evaluated via scanning electronic microscopy. The median times for the root-end resections were: 115.9 s for G1, 249.8 s for G2, 112.7 s for G3, and 7.44 s for G4, the latter presented a smoother root-end surface. There was no statistically significant difference in the comparisons between G3 group and G4 group (Zekrya burs). The other groups where the root-end resections were with ultrasonic devices proportioned a prolonged time to resection with irregular surfaces. SCANNING 37:126-130, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The removal of debris of medication in the intracanal wall dentin is needed to achieve better adaptation of the filling material. If medication is not completely removed, its presence may compromise the cleaning and permeability achieved by irrigation after instrumentation. Objective: this paper aims to analyze the influence of the vehicle and the nstrumento irrigation in the removal of calcium hydroxide pastes. Methods: it was used 92 single-rooted teeth which were instrumented using open and a progressive technique, adopting K file # 55 as an instrument memory. After biomechanical preparation it was used 17% EDTA for 3 minutes and final irrigation with sodium hypochlorite followed by 1% saline. Later, two teeth were cleaved and analyzed by stereomicroscope to verify the removal of the smear layer (positive control). The remaining ninety teeth were divided into three groups of 30 teeth each according to the folder: G1 -- Calen; G2 -- Calen PMCC, G3 -- aqueous pasta 2% chlorhexidine. The final radiographs were taken for verification of fulfillment and then were stored for 15 days at 37 ° C. After this period, the teeth of each group were subdivided into three subgroups according to the protocol of final irrigation, as follows: Subgroup A: EDTA for three minutes followed by irrigation with sodium hypochlorite 0.5%, Group B: EDTA for three minutes followed by irrigation with anionic detergent; Subgroup C: EDTA for three minutes followed by irrigation with saline. After final irrigation, the teeth were dried and cleaved hemisections were metallized and examined under the stereomicroscope. After digitalization of images, the area with pasta was measured in mm2 with Image J software. Results: results showed no statistic difference among the dressing remove. Conclusion: none of the solutions in test was able to remove efficiently the pasta in root canals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enterococcus faecalis são cocos Gram positivos, elipsóides, em cadeias curtas, anaeróbios facultativos, habitantes dos tratos intestinal e genital e da cavidade oral de humanos e animais. Podem causar uma gama muito grande de doenças no homem como cistite, endocardite e infecções de feridas. Os enterococos têm sido implicados também em infecções endodônticas, comumente detectados em canais radiculares obturados exibindo sinais de periodontite apical crônica e lesões refratárias periapicais. É de preocupação do cirurgião dentista um completo saneamento do sistema de canais radiculares pela aplicação de medicação antisséptica entre sessões. Diante desta problemática, este estudo comparou a atividade antimicrobiana de extratos alcoólicos e aquoso da Casearia sylvestris Sw (Guaçatonga) com a atividade antimicrobiana da amoxicilina, azitromicina, vancomicina, penicilina, clindamicina, cloranfenicol e da clorexidina frente a 50 linhagens de E. faecalis isolados da cavidade oral de pacientes da Clínica de Endodontia da USC. Os testes foram realizados pelo método de difusão das drogas a partir de discos impregnados com as substâncias sobre a superfície de placas de ágar Mueller-Hinton. A droga de melhor eficiência foi amoxicilina com 100% das linhagens sensíveis, estatisticamente significativo (p<0,05) quando comparadas às outras drogas. A droga de menor eficiência foi a clindamicina com 94% de linhagens resistentes. Dos extratos obtidos da planta, o extrato propilenoglicólico mostrou melhor eficiência, inibindo 34 (68%) das estirpes (média de 4,31mm de halo de inibição). A clorexidina inibiu 100% das estirpes (média de 17,09mm de halo de inibição) (CNPq). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]