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AbstractThis study examined the association between cognitive intra-individual variability (IIV), a non-mean-based indicator of underlying neuropathology, and self-reported everyday functioning of 1,086 women with HIV (WWH) and 494 socio-demographically similar women without HIV (WWoH). Objective cognitive performance across seven domains and the self-rated Lawton & Brody scale of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) were assessed among participants of the Women’s Interagency HIV Study. Two types of cognitive IIV were calculated by taking the standard deviation across seven cognitive domains to calculate dispersion: 1) intra-individual standard deviation (denoted as sdIIV) and 2) coefficient of variation (denoted as covIIV). To account for the longitudinal nature of the data, generalized linear mixed effect models were conducted to examine associations between the dispersion coefficient of cognitive IIV (predictor (sdIIV and covIV)) and functional outcomes (item level scores). Models were conducted in the overall sample (WWH + WWoH), WWH only, virally suppressed (VS)-WWH, and WWoH. sdIIV and covIIV were not associated with any of the IADL items among WWoH but were for WWH and VS-WWH. In WWH covIIV was predictive of poorer functional performance on twice as many IADL items (10 items—money and bills, buying groceries, getting where you need to go, using the phone, home repairs, dressing, laundry, taking/keeping track of medications, taking care of children, work) than sdIIV (5 items). In this study, cognitive IIV predicts functional impairment and different calculations of IIV produce differential predictive value, especially for WWH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Greece is experiencing a steady population decline caused by the declining migratory and natural balance. This research investigates the spatial impact of socio-economic and demographic factors on the natural population balance in Greece for the spatial zoning of municipal administrative units. Using geographically weighted regression (GWR) on data from the 2011 Greek census, the research explores the local impacts of factors like housing repair permits, vacant housing, employment rates, population inflows, distance from regional centers, aging, gender ratios, and education levels. An initial ordinary least squares (OLS) regression was conducted, revealing significant spatial variation and emphasizing the necessity of spatial econometric methods. The GWR model proved to be more effective in accounting for the variance in the data, removing spatial autocorrelation and revealing high local variation. Results show the high negative impact of the aging index in Western Greece and the Ionian islands, the counterintuitive positive effect of the gender ratio in urban areas, and the positive influence of population inflows in high-migration regions like Northern Greece and Crete. The results of this study underline the need to utilize spatial econometric methods for a precise and detailed understanding of demographic trends and provide valuable insights for localized strategies to address demographic challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Listening comprehension is central to language learning, yet it remains the least understood and least researched skill. This statement is still relevant today, as there is insufficient research to explore listening comprehension from the perspective of family-related multilingualism and to consider the complete linguistic repertoire of multilingual speakers. Moreover, with regard to home language, listening comprehension is assumed to be a more developed language competence than reading or writing. Based on the mentioned research, the aim of the present study is to investigate listening comprehension and its influencing factors specifically in German-Russian simultaneous bilinguals aged 13–19 (n = 99) by considering the home- and majority language. The study uses quantitative data collection methods such as linguistic tests in Russian and German for the elicitation in different levels of listening and questionnaires for strategy use and background. The research questions are as follows: What does the language proficiency and input in Russian look like? (1) Regarding listening comprehension in Russian as a home language, are there differences between the speakers within comprehension on different levels, e.g., is sound decoding easier than sentence parsing? (2) If there are differences in Russian as a home language, which linguistic and background variables can correlate with the performance of listening comprehension on its different levels? Concerning the first research question, the results show relevant differences between four different levels of listening comprehension (phoneme, word, sentence, and text level), which strengthened the assumed complexity of listening comprehension in the home language. In addition, the results show different connections between the listening comprehension competence and the input from different family members, as well as exposure to film and television in the home and majority language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the relationship between struggles for housing justice and alternative housing models is riddled with epistemological and methodological challenges. A posteriori definitions of specific housing typologies – for example, "co-operative housing" – fail to account for the often informal and fluid practices that constitute the emergence of housing commoning through collective organizing. This paper offers an empirically grounded theoretical analysis of the development of short-life co-operative housing in London, UK, since the 1970s. Taking a longitudinal view, it explores how performative power surges by squatters and other precariously housed people were sustained by federative organizing and aligned with central and municipal institutional experimentation, giving rise to significant, if precarious, shifts in housing policy and practice. The concept of "precarious institutionalization" names this state of contingency and furthers a political analysis of the maintenance of housing commoning against multiple enclosures, with wider implications for scholarship on contemporary movements for decommodified self-managed housing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Glasnik Zastite Bilja is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Heritage languages (HL) require special pedagogical resources, and from a sociolinguistic perspective, their status may vary, influencing learners’ and educators’ attitudes. In the case of Portuguese as an HL (PHL) in the German educational context, due to a limited institutionalised offer, non-formal settings prevail as a means of language development. In this ethnographic case study, we present the attitudes of parents and PHL learners in a socio-educational project that promotes bilingual education in Munich, Germany. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with parents, whereas with children, a focus group was set up using visual narratives. This study addressed two questions: How do parents’ and learners’ linguistic attitudes in this specific context differ? How do their beliefs concerning linguistic identity influence the home language maintenance? The results pointed to the convergent affective dimension of PHL. Concerning identity influence in home language maintenance, language attitudes result from different statuses assigned to PHL. While parents see PHL as a means of transmitting their ethnolinguistic identity, children's representations revealed different perceptions prevailing ‘home and family language’ status and a sense of fluid belonging, thus showing an emergent multilingual identity characterised by cultural hybridity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Roca: Revista Científico-Educacional de la Provincia de Granma is the property of Universidad de Granma, Departamento Editorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study was intended to assess condition and damages of a stilt wooden house located in in Keningau, Sabah, in order to develop a proper home repair and restoration plan that can be scaled up to other houses of similar design in areas that are susceptible to flood and other environmental factors which can affect the structural integrity. The findings revealed that the chosen stilt wooden house has decayed severely that many parts of the house mainly the roof, the floors, the railing and stairs were in decrepit condition which could pose danger to the occupants. The results also implied that there were various factors that led to the condition of the house namely termite infestation and moist and weakened wood which could be due to the damaged zinc roof that caused rainwater to leak into the house, direct contact with floodwater and possibly leaky plumbing. A repair and restoration work was done by focusing on the parts of the house that needed immediate fix in order to ensure comfort and safety of the household. This study may shed more light on how to repair and restore as well as redesign wooden homes in order to be more resilient towards damaged caused by environmental variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite stiff competition in the construction industry, housing quality remains a problem. From the consumer's perspective, these quality problems are called defects. Homeowners experience inconvenience and suffering due to home defects, and developers and builders also experience severe damage in time, costs, and reputation due to defect repairs. In Korea, lawsuits are increasing due to the rise in housing defects, and the cost of repairing defects determined by lawsuits is of great concern. Litigation is a burden to consumers and producers, requiring a hefty court fee, as well as attorneys and specialist firms, and takes some years. Suppose it is possible to predict the repair costs based on the outcome of a lawsuit and present it as objective supporting data. In that case, it can be of great help in bringing a settlement between consumers and producers. According to previous studies on housing repair costs, linear regression models were mainly used. Accordingly, in this study, a linear regression model was adopted as a method to predict housing repair costs. We analyzed the defect repair costs in 100 cases in which lawsuits were filed and the verdict was finalized for housing complexes in Korea. Previous studies investigated using the following independent variables: elapsed period, litigation period, claim amount, home warranty deposit, total floor area, households, and main building's quantity, construction cost, region, and highest floor. Among these, the floor area, elapsed period, and litigation period were determined to be valid independent variables. In addition, the construction period was discovered as a valid independent variable. The present research model, which combines these independent variables, was compared with previous research models. The results showed that the earlier research model was found to have a multicollinearity issue among some independent variables. Also, the coefficients of some independent variables were not statistically significant. This research model did not have a multicollinearity problem; all independent variables' coefficients were statistically significant, and the coefficient of determination was higher than other linear research models. Our proposed regression model, which accounts for the interaction of each independent variable, is a significant step forward in our research. This model, using the number of households multiplied by the construction period, the construction period multiplied by the litigation period, and the litigation period multiplied by the litigation period as independent variables, has been rigorously tested and found to have no multicollinearity issue. The coefficients of all independent variables are statistically significant, further bolstering the model's reliability. Additionally, the explanatory power of this model is comparable to the previous model, suggesting its potential to be used in conjunction with the existing model. Therefore, the linear regression model predicting the repair cost of housing defects following litigation in this study was considered the best. Utilizing the model proposed in this study is expected to play a major role in reconciling disputes between consumers and producers over housing defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis study examines maintenance and management in socio-economically grounded multi-owned low-cost housing schemes in Malaysia, employing an augmented institutional analysis framework. Focusing on collective action success factors, the research addresses two main questions: ‘How does the influence of the six collective action success factors impact community satisfaction?’ and ‘To what extent does the income of parcel holders contribute to the success factors affecting community satisfaction within collective action?’ Combining quantitative and qualitative methods, this study encompasses a survey of 633 parcel holders in Greater Kuala Lumpur and subsequent interviews with local leadership. Successful self-management of common properties was influenced by the physical environment, social capital, rules-in-use, stakeholders’ interest, adaptation, and racial relationships. Additionally, income acted as a moderator between community satisfaction level and physical environment attributes, as well as stakeholders’ interests. This research recommends government subsidies for multi-owned low-cost housing maintenance, contributing policy insights to the global housing discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The closure of Sydney's Powerhouse Museum has sparked debates about the removal of its largest exhibit, the Catalina seaplane Frigate Bird II. Despite its limited historical significance, the aircraft has become popular among the public. Australian public museums have generally shown disinterest in aviation history, with only one original aircraft acquired in the past 25 years. The museum's interpretation of the plane's pilot and flight has been mythologized, and the significance of the aircraft is being questioned. The article suggests that when the Catalina returns, a display based on evidence-based research should be presented. [Extracted from the article]

Importance: Optimal health care delivery, both now and in the future, requires a continuous loop of knowledge generation, dissemination, and uptake on how best to provide care, not just determining what interventions work but also how best to ensure they are provided to those who need them. The randomized clinical trial (RCT) is the most rigorous instrument to determine what works in health care. However, major issues with both the clinical trials enterprise and the lack of integration of clinical trials with health care delivery compromise medicine's ability to best serve society. Observations: In most resource-rich countries, the clinical trials and health care delivery enterprises function as separate entities, with siloed goals, infrastructure, and incentives. Consequently, RCTs are often poorly relevant and responsive to the needs of patients and those responsible for care delivery. At the same time, health care delivery systems are often disengaged from clinical trials and fail to rapidly incorporate knowledge generated from RCTs into practice. Though longstanding, these issues are more pressing given the lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic, heightened awareness of the disproportionate impact of poor access to optimal care on vulnerable populations, and the unprecedented opportunity for improvement offered by the digital revolution in health care. Four major areas must be improved. First, especially in the US, greater clarity is required to ensure appropriate regulation and oversight of implementation science, quality improvement, embedded clinical trials, and learning health systems. Second, greater adoption is required of study designs that improve statistical and logistical efficiency and lower the burden on participants and clinicians, allowing trials to be smarter, safer, and faster. Third, RCTs could be considerably more responsive and efficient if they were better integrated with electronic health records. However, this advance first requires greater adoption of standards and processes designed to ensure health data are adequately reliable and accurate and capable of being transferred responsibly and efficiently across platforms and organizations. Fourth, tackling the problems described above requires alignment of stakeholders in the clinical trials and health care delivery enterprises through financial and nonfinancial incentives, which could be enabled by new legislation. Solutions exist for each of these problems, and there are examples of success for each, but there is a failure to implement at adequate scale. Conclusions and Relevance: The gulf between current care and that which could be delivered has arguably never been wider. A key contributor is that the 2 limbs of knowledge generation and implementation—the clinical trials and health care delivery enterprises—operate as a house divided. Better integration of these 2 worlds is key to accelerated improvement in health care delivery. This Special Communication discusses the need for better integration of clinical trials and health care delivery enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessing the existing condition of aging masonry houses are of high interest as the cost of retrofitting and repairing becomes significantly higher. Conventional condition assessment tools and methods for single storey detached masonry houses (SSDMH) are time-consuming, subjective, tedious, and sparse. This study aims to formulate a novel framework for assessing the condition of those houses by proposing a user-friendly, effective, and impartial model, for existing structures considering cracks in the masonry walls and the age of the house. This study adopted the bayesian belief network (BBN) method since the existing data on building assessment are subjective and consider multiple parameters. The application of the proposed model was formulated using wall cracks observed in a sample of thirty SSDMH. The Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm was used to compute the conditional probabilities from the data set. The model was tested on ten houses for which the results were positive and validated with the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. However, the scope of the model is limited to SSDMH. Further development of this model may benefit the Surveyors, Engineers, and Architects to make informed decisions quickly by placing the structure at the correct severity level to decide on the renovation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyses the effects of digital labour platforms in a context characterised by high informality, exploring the way platforms may or may not imply a disruption in this respect. To do so, it examines the labour transitions that lead to platform labour, taking into account the formal status of workers before and after joining platforms, as well as their evaluation of resulting labour conditions. The article relies on a quantitative survey and in depth interviews for three on‐demand occupations in the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area, ride‐hailing, home repairs and domestic service. Results show that a platform's influence on the formal status of workers (and their assessment of it) is highly contingent upon: the platform's business model, including the legal status that may be used to integrate the workforce, the pre‐existing formal/informal dynamics within the occupation and the general labour market situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing housing literature in the Global south suggests housing development processes are linear and do not appear to incorporate unexpected events such as land conflicts, which cause destructions, stoppages, and setbacks to housing development. This paper argues that the nexus between land conflicts and housing development can best be conceptualised as fragile and compromised housing. This concept draws attention to the highly violent politics of land and its impact on the housing process, the housing product, and the well-being of the housebuilder. Using evidence from peri-urban Accra and drawing on interviews, the study unpacks the lived experiences of individual housebuilders in navigating through land conflicts to build. The study found that the impact of land conflicts on housing development manifests in complex ways including multiple financial commitments, capital lockdown, cyclical building, compromised housing, and compromised wellbeing. Arguably, these findings highlight the contemporary perspectives to understanding incremental and piecemeal housing in peri-urban Accra and by extension, the Global South. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the renovation of housing governed by two tenure forms in Sweden, rental and cooperative housing. Based on a relational approach, we argue that despite requiring a similar need of maintenance at regular intervals, renovation in rental housing takes a substantially different form compared to cooperatives, regarding the extent of the work, the involvement of, and the outcome for, the residents. With the concept of predatory housing commodification, we aim at examining how the process of housing renovation is organized, what driving forces motivate renovations, along with how it impacts affected residents. Our contribution is twofold: firstly, we conceptualize renovation of housing as a commodifying process, within the realm of financialization, most often carried out brutally and contributing to housing inequality; secondly, our contribution is empirical as it covers housing renovation from a relational and contrasting perspective in a field that is still under-studied in the Scandinavian context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sensing and cognition by homeowners and technicians for home maintenance are prime examples of human–building interaction. Damage, decay, and pest infestation present signals that humans interpret and then act upon to remedy and mitigate. The maintenance cognition process has direct effects on sustainability and economic vitality, as well as the health and well-being of building occupants. While home maintenance practices date back to antiquity, they readily submit to augmentation and improvement with modern technologies. This paper describes the use of networked smart technologies embedded with machine learning (ML) and presented in electronic formats to better inform homeowners and occupants about safety and maintenance issues, as well as recommend courses of remedial action. The demonstrated technologies include robotic sensing in confined areas, LiDAR scans of structural shape and deformation, moisture and gas sensing, water leak detection, network embedded ML, and augmented reality interfaces with multi-user teaming capabilities. The sensor information passes through a private local dynamic network to processors with neural network pattern recognition capabilities to abstract the information, which then feeds to humans through augmented reality and conventional smart device interfaces. This networked sensor system serves as a testbed and demonstrator for home maintenance technologies, for what can be termed Home Maintenance 4.0. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Incorporating social systems and phenomena into virtual community resilience testbeds is uncommon but becoming increasingly important. Social vulnerability indices are a convenient way to account for differential experiences and starting conditions of the population in resilience assessments. This paper proposes a scalable index, termed Social Vulnerability Score (SVS), to serve the purpose of testbed development. The SVS overcomes two important limitations of existing indices: it is constructed using an approach that does not decrease in validity with changing spatial resolution, and it only needs to be calculated for the geographic area of interest, instead of for the entire county thereby significantly reducing computational effort for testbed developers and users. The proposed SVS aggregates the ratio of a set of demographics from U.S. Census datasets at the desired location against their national average values. The resulting scores are mapped into five levels, called zones, ranging from very low vulnerability (zone 1) to very high (zone 5). The validity of the SVS was investigated through a regression analysis of flood outcomes in Lumberton, North Carolina caused by Hurricane Matthew in 2016. The resulting correlations between the SVS zones and post-disaster outcomes of household dislocation and home repair times match the social vulnerability theory. The paper concludes with a discussion of the advantages and limitations of using the SVS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The article addresses the optimization of safety stock service levels for parts in a repair kit. The work was undertaken to assist a public transit entity that stores thousands of parts used to repair equipment acquired over many decades. Demand is intermittent, procurement lead times are long, and the total inventory investment is significant. Design/methodology/approach: Demand exists for repair kits, and a repair cannot start until all required parts are available. The cost model includes holding cost to carry the part being modeled as well as shortage cost that consists of the holding cost to carry all other repair kit parts for the duration of the part's lead time. The model combines deterministic and stochastic approaches by assuming a fixed ordering cycle with Poisson demand. Findings: The results show that optimal service levels vary as a function of repair demand rate, part lead time, and cost of the part as a percentage of the total part cost for the repair kit. Optimal service levels are higher for inexpensive parts and lower for expensive parts, although the precise levels are impacted by repair demand and part lead time. Social implications: The proposed model can impact society by improving the operational performance and efficiency of public transit systems, by ensuring that home repair technicians will be prepared for repair tasks, and by reducing the environmental impact of electronic waste consistent with the right-to-repair movement. Originality/value: The optimization model is unique because (1) it quantifies shortage cost as the cost of unnecessary holding other parts in the repair kit during the shortage time, and (2) it determines a unique service level for each part in a repair kit bases on its lead time, its unit cost, and the total cost of all parts in the repair kit. Results will be counter-intuitive for many inventory managers who would assume that more critical parts should have higher service levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article shares the results of a research project whose objective is the study of the domestic social reproduction of families in an ejido at the south of Nuevo León state, in the Ixtlera region of the Chihuahuan Desert. This ejido is representative of the small towns scattered throughout the five states of the semi-arid Mexican northeast region, identified by its marginalized poor settlements. Domestic social reproduction describes the needs satisfying process of social subjects, which settles a situation of social well-being. This study is based on a mixed methodology design, which helped to collect quantitative and qualitative data, through data-collection techniques such as semistructured interviews, direct observation and a household survey; Field work was be carried out between 2020 and 2022. The results of this study describe who carry out the domestic social reproduction activities related to health and education; domestic work and supply and construction and maintenance of housing. In the conclusions, we try to set these activities as part of a broader process of social reproduction of families, which articulates other practices, conditions and dynamics in the economic, political and cultural spheres; and delimited and defined by the conditions of the environmental structure typical of the arid and semi-arid zones of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing from early twentieth century documents from the Home for Destitute Children in Burlington, Vermont, USA, I explore the notion of the archive as a site of knowledge, politics, and ethics. Despite the absence of children's own perspectives in this archive, I propose taking a geographical relational poverty approach to gain insights by examining power relations between middle‐class adult women and 'destitute' children. Specifically, I use records generated by women in charge of the Home (the matrons and the Board of Directors) to identify three dimensions of relational relevance. First, the women exerted power in constructing the Home as a place through ordering temporal rhythms, influencing sensory experiences, and imposing social boundaries and material conditions. Second, I review discourses such as the 'desirable child', 'innocence', and eugenicist notions of 'feeblemindedness' employed by the women to 'fix' children, both to repair them and to keep them in place. Third, I provide a reflection on the possibilities of combining manuscript archives with digitized sources such as the census to uncover adults' production and containment of 'destitute children'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present essay, we want to show how the Canticle of the Creatures, which we might call "The Canticle of Universal Brotherhood", is much more than the Canticle of Brother Sun or of a single man. The author himself is much more than the exceptional case of a nature-friendly medieval saint who, therefore, continues to inspire the promoters of ecology and, especially after the papal encyclical Laudato Si', constitutes the ecumenical matrix for the care of our common home. To this end, in this paper, we focus on two moments that, in the construction of the tutelary figure of Francis of Assisi, constitute a kind of diptych or portals which open and recapitulate the reconstructive intuition he bequeathed to us: (1) the vocational moment: Go and repair my house; and (2) the testamentary moment, in which the Founder, who never wanted to found anything, legates his manifesto for building the common home as a universal brotherhood, turning the "stones" into a canticle. Above all, we want to highlight the relevance of Franciscan spirituality, expressed particularly in the Canticle of the Creatures, and thus the Franciscan aesthetics for the modern ecology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Earthquakes are catastrophic natural disasters, and the built environment requires a quick recovery after such events. Estimating the loss from an earthquake can be complex as unique factors, in addition to conventional repair work, that need to be considered during the postperiod stage. Previous research has been able to identify 11 factors that impact the postearthquake cost estimation for the earthquake damage repair work (CEEDRW) process. Current loss estimation methods such as PACT, SLAT, and SP3 do not incorporate the impact of all these factors. This paper identifies the factors that impact different stages of traditional CEEDRW: precontract estimates, estimates during repair work, and cost calculations after construction. Discussion around methods to adopt these modeling factors into CEEDRW is also presented. A two-stage data collection method was adopted for this paper. Data were collected through semistructured interviews using 19 participants and a questionnaire survey using 92 participants who have experience in the CEEDRW process. The interview data analysis emphasized the usage of 11 factors at the three stages of estimation. Furthermore, survey results identified the most suitable methods of incorporating each factor in CEEDRW. Existing estimation tools used for CEEDRW do not consider a number of factors. This paper suggests the most suitable methods of considering these into an estimation tool that aims to enhance the accuracy and reliability of the CEEDRW process. The methods identified in this paper can be used in developing more reliable future cost estimation models used to determine postearthquake damage repair work. The data were collected from professionals who are experienced in housing repair work in New Zealand. The results vary for other types of geographic regions and construction methods. Currently used postearthquake cost estimation processes for earthquake damage repair work have a lot of drawbacks. To achieve the final aim of developing a standard postearthquake cost estimation model for earthquake damage repair work that is more accurate and faster than current ones, this research achieved one of the objectives of identifying methods that can be used to mitigate problems of the current cost estimation process. The research identifies methods that can be used to include factors that were not fully considered in current postearthquake cost estimation processes. The results of the research will help with increasing the accuracy of the upgraded model. The next step in this process is the develop the upgraded standard postearthquake cost estimation model for earthquake damage repair work. Even with the current findings, cost estimators, builders, and insurance agencies can improve their cost estimation process by including the impact of the factors through the suggested methods. Governments can implement changes to standard construction contracts and policies so that the construction industry can positively manage the cost-varying dynamics of earthquake damage repair work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Australia, strongyloidiasis primarily affects returned travellers, Vietnam veterans and refugees or asylum seekers, and First Nations people. Non-overseas acquired cases are seen almost exclusively in Australian First Nations remote communities. Australian First Nations communities have one of the highest rates of strongyloidiasis in the world. Our work has shown that strongyloidiasis is a disease of poverty. Acknowledging this is important—we need to shift the lens to socioeconomic factors, particularly environmental health hardware such as working toilets and sewerage systems, showers and laundries, and effective wastewater and rubbish removal. The rates of strongyloidiasis in First Nations communities is a result of decades of inadequate, poorly constructed and/or poorly maintained housing, and poor environmental health hardware (hereafter hardware). The solution lies in adequate funding, resulting in well designed and maintained housing and appropriate hardware. Governments need to allow First Nations communities themselves to take the lead role in funding allocation, and design, construction and maintenance of their housing and hardware. This will ensure housing and hardware fulfils cultural and physical needs and desires, and protects health. Improving housing and hardware will also improve other health outcomes. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Strongyloides: omics to worm-free populations'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rise of digital labour platforms and the gig economy has provoked debate among scholars and policymakers. Some emphasize the platforms' contribution to efficient labour processes by facilitating transactions between customers and service providers. In contrast, others highlight the precarity of gig work in platforms and call for greater regulation of the platform economy. This article reports a field study on the experience of Turkish platform workers in the domestic work and home repair sectors, focusing on the growing platform Armut. The impact of the platform economy on labour processes is explored, with particular attention to the concepts of autonomy and control with reference to alternative perspectives on labour platforms and the gig economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To identify barriers to adherence to home oral maintenance chemotherapy in children with leukemia treated at a specialized cancer center. Methods: We used the Brief Medication Questionnaire (BMQ) as a tool for screening barriers to adherence. The level of adherence was calculated considering at least one positive response in each BMQ domain, defined as Regimen Screen, Belief Screen, and Recall Screen. A positive screening for belief barriers (PSB) indicates that the caregiver reports not understanding the medication’s mechanism of action and adverse effects. Results: Three important barriers to adherence were identified: beliefs, number of children of the caregiver, and age of the caregiver. The primary caregivers included 32 mothers (80%), four fathers (10%), three grandmothers (7.5%), and one unrelated caregiver (2.5 %). Most caregivers with a PSB were mothers. A PSB indicates that the caregiver reports not understanding the medication’s mechanism of action and adverse effects. Caregivers with two or more children (median, three) had more barriers to adherence. Caregivers with potential non-adherence tended to be older than those with potential adherence, although without statistical significance (p=0.079, Mann-Whitney U test). Conclusions: The main barriers to adherence to home oral maintenance chemotherapy in children with leukemia identified through interviews with their caregivers, most often mothers, were lack of understanding of the treatment regimen, a greater number of children, and older age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay delves into the language ideologies of the Uyghur diaspora community in the United States and their efforts to maintain their heritage language. It argues that the language ideologies of these Uyghurs significantly influence their language maintenance practices, such as forming social connections with like-minded individuals and enforcing rules at home for language maintenance. Additionally, the ongoing settler-colonial process of eliminating Uyghur identity in the Uyghur homeland is fostering a transnational language ideology that views the Uyghur language as integral to Uyghur identity and speaking Uyghur as a form of resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik (JIHHP) is the property of Dinasti Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The size of the home range of a mammal is affected by numerous factors. However, in the normally solitary, but polygynous, Leopard (Panthera pardus), home range size and maintenance is complicated by their transitory social grouping behavior, which is dependent on life history stage and/or reproductive status. In addition, the necessity to avoid competition with conspecifics and other large predators (including humans) also impacts upon home range size. We used movement data from 31 sites across Africa, comprising 147 individuals (67 males and 80 females) to estimate the home range sizes of leopards. We found that leopards with larger home ranges, and in areas with more vegetation, spent longer being active and generally traveled faster, and in straighter lines, than leopards with smaller home ranges. We suggest that a combination of bottom-up (i.e. preferred prey availability), top-down (i.e. competition with conspecifics), and reproductive (i.e. access to mates) factors likely drive the variability in Leopard home range sizes across Africa. However, the maintenance of a large home range is energetically expensive for leopards, likely resulting in a complex evolutionary trade-off between the satisfaction of basic requirements and preventing potentially dangerous encounters with conspecifics, other predators, and people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: Very little is known to date about the long-term dynamics of balancing home and dominant languages by adult immigrants. Russian-speaking immigrants in Canada remain an underrepresented group with no available studies of their language development. To address these gaps, this article describes a linguistic journey experienced by Russian-speaking immigrants in Canada as they adapt to the life in the host country. The major objective of the study is to examine the importance of learning the host country's majority languages (English and French) vis-à-vis maintenance of the home language as seen by the participants in the beginning and after a few years of immigration. Design/methodology/approach: The article reports the results of a mixed-methods study involving an online survey and written narratives about language dynamics in immigration. Data and analysis: One hundred Russian-speaking immigrants from nine countries residing in seven Canadian provinces participated in the study. The analysis involves quantitative comparisons of responses involving correlation and chi-square tests as well as qualitative descriptions of the participants' linguistic experiences. Findings/conclusions: The results indicate that over the time since immigration, the importance of the English language learning decreases, and the importance of Russian language maintenance increases for the participants, whereas the salience of acquiring French remains unchanged. Originality: The new finding is the trajectory of the relationship between the participants' interest in the home language and culture maintenance and host languages and cultures learning over the years of immigration. Significance/implications: These results align with the authors' linguistic equilibrium hypothesis of language dynamics in immigration. The implications of the study involve long-term support of linguacultural needs of immigrant communities. Limitations: The research conducted during COVID-19 was limited in methods and would benefit from in-person interviews in future. Expanding the project to other immigrant groups for comparison is another direction for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article draws on interviews with homeowners who have applied for home repair programs in Chicago and New Orleans to investigate how home repairs, and the lack thereof, shape residential and financial stability. I illuminate the relationship between housing precarity and a mundane and pervasive environmental housing issue: routine dilapidation that occurs over the life of all physical structures. I argue that routine dilapidation makes otherwise affordable housing unaffordable and demonstrate three mechanisms by which routine dilapidation worsens housing precarity: as a path to displacement, by preventing safe aging in place, and by exacerbating debt. My findings, coupled with existing research, suggest that these mechanisms disproportionately impact low-income Black senior women because they are more likely to own homes in need of repairs and are less likely to have resources to pay for repairs. I also use the concept of routine dilapidation to illuminate that homeownership produces environmental injustice more broadly. Routine dilapidation is not only a form of environmental injustice that disproportionately impacts some populations; it is inherent to the organization of the contemporary U.S. housing market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with maintenance and management problems in multi-family buildings in Zagreb and other Croatian cities from the perspective of co-owners' representatives. After 1990, when there was intensive privatization of housing, the responsibility for the maintenance of the housing stock shifted to private owners and management companies. Apartment owners have been given the obligation to maintain multi-family buildings and have faced problems and challenges in maintaining and managing common property. The empirical research was conducted on a convenience sample of co-owners' representatives (N = 353) using the survey method. The results are analysed according to three construction periods of multi-family buildings: built before 1945, during the socialist period (from 1945 to 1990) and the post-socialist period (after 1991). The results show that in all three construction periods there are certain bigger or smaller shortcomings regarding the building quality, and then the maintenance. The paper concludes that insufficient financial and organisational resources, insufficient engagement of managers, inadequate collaboration between representatives and managers, and weak energy renovation of multi-family buildings are some of the most important problems faced by co-owners' representatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]