Search

In this study, the effects of Trichoderma erinaceum M6-5 volatile components on metabolites, respiration and energy metabolism of Alternaria alternata from postharvest Korla fragrant pear were investigated. Non-targeted metabolomics based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to determine the changes of metabolites in A. alternata after treatment with M6-5 volatile substances. At 0, 3, 5 and 7 days after fumigation with M6-5 volatile substances, the respiratory rate of A. alternata was measured, and the respiration inhibition rate were calculated. The levels of ATP, ADP, AMP and energy charge in the M6-5-treated and control groups as a function of culture time were determined by liquid chromatography (LC). The results showed that among the identified differential metabolites, 6-amyl-2h-pyrano-2-one (6pp), 4-ethylbenzaldehyde, 3,4-dimethylbenzoic acid, 4-phenylbutyric acid and 2-methoxyresorcinol were up-regulated, while 6-aminonicotinamide, 11-ketoacetyl cholesterol, 3-hydroxyconilone, jasmonic acid and benzoylsphenine were down-regulated by M6-5 volatile substances. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that the significantly differential pathway was involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. At the end of the 7 day incubation period, the respiration inhibition rate of A. alternata by M6-5 volatile substances was (49.64 ± 2.04)%. Compared with the control group, treatment with M6-5 volatile substances significantly reduced the levels of ATP, ADP, AMP and energy charge, indicating that it can keep the energy charge at lower levels, thereby resulting in imbalanced energy metabolism and inhibited respiratory rate and affecting metabolite changes.

Purposes As a coal based solid waste rich in silicon and aluminum oxides, utilization of coal gangue is crucial for the sustainable development of coal industry. Methods Integrated grinding modification of calcined coal gangue and aluminate coupling agent to prepare rubber reinforcement was proposed. The influences of grinding time and the amount of modifier on the surface modification were investigated. Ultrafine particles were obtained through air flow classification, and the influences of modification or not and particle size on the reinforcing and filling properties of rubber were analyzed. Findings The results show that the best comprehensive modification effect is achieved when the duration of ball milling is 30 min and the amount of aluminate coupling agent is 2%. The characteristic functional groups of aluminate coupling agent appear on the surface of coal gangue. Compared with the rubber filled with commercial silica, the rubber filled with the air-flow graded modified filler possesses higher hardness and crosslinking density, its vulcanization performance is better, the tensile strength, elongation at break and permanent deformation at break are reduced, and the fixed extension stress is increased. The particle size distribution of the filler has an obvious effect on the properties of rubber, with the decreases of the particle size of the filler, the vulcanization property is improved, and the tensile property is also improved. The reinforcement performance of modified superfine coal gangue as filler is close to that of silica, which has the potential to replace silica.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease, and good therapeutic results are often difficult to obtain due to its complex pathogenesis and diverse causative factors. After decades of research and exploration of OA, it has been progressively found that subchondral bone is essential for its pathogenesis, and pathological changes in subchondral bone can be observed even before cartilage lesions develop. Osteoclasts, the main cells regulating bone resorption, play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of subchondral bone. Subchondral osteoclasts regulate the homeostasis of subchondral bone through the secretion of degradative enzymes, immunomodulation, and cell signaling pathways. In OA, osteoclasts are overactivated by autophagy, ncRNAs, and Rankl/Rank/OPG signaling pathways. Excessive bone resorption disrupts the balance of bone remodeling, leading to increased subchondral bone loss, decreased bone mineral density and consequent structural damage to articular cartilage and joint pain. With increased understanding of bone biology and targeted therapies, researchers have found that the activity and function of subchondral osteoclasts are affected by multiple pathways. In this review, we summarize the roles and mechanisms of subchondral osteoclasts in OA, enumerate the latest advances in subchondral osteoclast-targeted therapy for OA, and look forward to the future trends of subchondral osteoclast-targeted therapies in clinical applications to fill the gaps in the current knowledge of OA treatment and to develop new therapeutic strategies.

ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of microbial contamination in domestic freezers and evaluate the microbial improvement effects of professional refrigerator cleaning.MethodsSamples were collected aseptically from the food dividers， vegetable frames， and door seals of 15 household refrigerators before and after cleaning in Chengdu City. A total of 90 samples were obtained. The total number of bacteria， fungi， and coliforms in the samples was determined to reflect the sanitary conditions of the refrigerator. Coliform bacteria， Staphylococcus aureus， Salmonella， Listeria monocytogenes and Yersinia enterocolitica were isolated and cultured to determine the contamination status of these pathogenic bacteria. The effect of refrigerator cleaning was analyzed comprehensively according to microorganism detection and clearance rates before and after cleaning.ResultsBefore cleaning， the total number of bacteria in the refrigerator ranged from 2.4×103 to 1.4×105 CFU/cm2. After cleaning， the total number of bacteria ranged from 0 to 230 CFU/cm2. The bacterial clearance rates of the food dividers， vegetable frames， and door seals were 99.90%， 99.89%， and 99.81%， respectively. Before cleaning， the total number of fungi in the refrigerator ranged from 0 to 750 CFU/cm2. After cleaning， the total number of fungi in the refrigerator ranged from 0 to 58 CFU/cm2. The fungal clearance rates for the partition， vegetable frame， and door seal were 99.40%， 96.99%， and 99.41%， respectively. Before cleaning， the average detection rates of coliform bacteria， Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella， were 64.44%， 13.33%， and 2.22%， respectively； Listeria monocytogenes and Yersinia enterocolitica were not detected. After washing， the average coliform bacteria detection rate was 13.33%； Staphylococcus aureus， Salmonella， Listeria monocytogenes， and Yersinia enterocolitica were not detected.ConclusionThis study revealed the presence of a high number of bacteria and fungi in the freezers of domestic refrigerators before cleaning， with S. aureus and Salmonella contamination. After professional cleaning， their sterility significantly improved， notably reducing potential food safety risks.

Objective To assess the causal relationship between coffee intake and prostate cancer risk by using the two-sample Mendel randomization (MR) method. Methods The genome-wide association study (GWAS) data on coffee intake (exposure) and prostate cancer (outcome) were obtained from two independent data sets in UK Biobank. The inverse variance weighted method (IVW), weighted median estimator method (WME), and MR-Egger method were used for MR analyses. The OR value and 95%CI were used to represent the association between coffee intake and prostate cancer. In addition, the MR-Egger method was performed for pleiotropic and heterogeneity tests, and the leave-one-out method was used for sensitivity analysis. Results A total of 38 SNP were selected as instrumental variables. The IVW method showed that coffee intake might reduce the risk of prostate cancer (OR=0.994; 95%CI: 0.990-0.999; P=0.009). The WME method obtained the same conclusions (OR=0.991; 95%CI: 0.985-0.999; P=0.018), but MR-Egger regression did not find a causal relationship between coffee intake and prostate cancer (OR=0.992; 95%CI: 0.983-1.000; P=0.084). The MR-Egger method showed no pleiotropy (intercept=4.2E-5; P=0.581) or heterogeneity (Q=27.20; P=0.854) among the instrumental variables. The sensitivity analysis indicated that the conclusion was robust. Conclusion Two-sample Mendel randomization analysis reveals that coffee consumption might reduce the risk of prostate cancer.

Broodiness in egg-laying hens (EHs) leads to ovarian atrophy, resulting in reduced egg-laying performance. However, the ovarian regulatory mechanisms in broody hens (BCs) remain elusive. Therefore, ovaries were removed from 300-day-old BCs and EHs for RNA sequencing. Ovarian morphology and histological characteristics of the BC and EH groups were compared and analyzed. The EH group had significantly more hierarchical follicles (HFs) and small yellow follicles (SYFs) than that of the BC group. Although several secondary follicles (SFs) and primary follicles were observed in the ovaries of the EH group, only a few SFs were observed in the ovaries of the BC group. Subsequently, RNA-sequencing analysis was conducted to determine the ovarian expression profiles of the two groups. Transcriptome sequencing identified 259 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the BC and EH groups. Of the 259 DEGs, 136 were upregulated and 123 were downregulated. The DEGs were mapped to 22 gene ontology terms and 4 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways for ovarian tissue. The analysis showed that matrix metalloproteinases 11/13 (MMP11/MMP13) were enriched in the extracellular matrix. The extracellular matrix mediated by MMP13 is affected by follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin, and estrogen, which are critical signaling pathways that may affect ovarian follicle development to regulate the large yellow follicle reserve process and the ovulation cycle of broody Chahua chickens. These findings indicate that understanding differences in gene expression between the ovarian tissues of BCs and EHs could serve as a valuable reference point for enhancing egg-laying performance in Chahua chickens.

[Abstract]: Objective: To characterize the value of carotid wall shear stress (WSS) following carotid artery stenting (CAS) in patients with carotid stenosis. Methods: Twenty-eight patients with carotid stenosis treated with CAS between March 2021 to May 2022 in the eighth medical center of the PLA General Hospital were selected for our study. Carotid ultrasound was performed before the operation, one week post-operation, and six months post-operation. Carotid artery WSS was detected by blood flow vector imaging, and the changes in WSS before and after the operation were collected. Genetic testing of drugs was detected for patients with restenosis. Results: Pre-operative WSS of the proximal, narrowest region, and distal carotid arteries in patients with ischemic carotid artery stenosis was 7.88 ± 3.18Pa, 14.36 ± 6.66Pa, and 1.55 ± 1.15Pa, respectively. Comparatively, pre-operative WSS of the proximal, narrowest region and distal carotid arteries in patients without ischemic symptoms was 5.02 ± 1.99Pa, 9.68 ± 4.23Pa, and 1.10 ± 0.68Pa, respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups (p 0.05). Conclusion: We employed early carotid WSS as a means of evaluating the efficacy of carotid artery stenting. Changes in carotid WSS are closely associated with carotid artery stenosis, providing valuable hemodynamic information for CAS treatment. This technique holds great application value in pre-operative evaluation and long-term follow-up.

The natural gas pipeline network, as an important part of the natural gas industry and an indispensable participant in the energy Internet, plays a crucial role in the construction of China's energy industry and in the development of national economy. In this paper, the history of China's natural gas pipeline industry was reviewed from going through extreme hardships in the formative years of the new China after 1949 to leading the world in the construction and operation technologies of high-grade steel, large diameter, high pressure pipelines. And China's technological achievements in natural gas pipeline materials and equipment, design and construction, operation and maintenance were further systematically examined. Based on the current development trend of “One Pipeline Network” for natural gas pipelines and the future development mode of energy Internet, the importance of natural gas pipeline network in achieving the spatial and temporal balance between energy demand and supply by assisting the integrated development of multiple energies was identified under the background of achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality and energy transition goals; the role of the natural gas pipeline network was established in energy peak shaving, hydrogen blending transportation, energy conversion and storage. Moreover, the technologies of natural gas energy metering, energy storage and conversion facility construction, simulation of integrated natural gas pipeline network and power grid, and intelligent control of the natural gas pipeline network in energy Internet were systematically analyzed. As a result, this research serves as a valuable reference for determining the direction and ideas of natural gas pipeline network technology research in the context of energy Internet.

Objective To preliminarily summarize the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of functional movement disorder (FMD) based on movement disorders clinic in China. Methods and Results A total of 593 patients with movement disorders newly diagnosed in movement disorders clinic of 22 clinical medical centers from August to September in 2023 were included, including 37 patients (6.24%) with FMD and 556 patients (93.76%) with organic movement disorder. Comparison of the epidemiological characteristics of the 2 groups, the proportions of corona virus disease (COVID⁃19) infection (χ2 = 4.217, P = 0.040) and psychopsychological symptoms (χ2 = 18.694, P = 0.000) in the FMD group were higher than those in the organic movement disorder group, while age (t = 3.757, P = 0.000), age of onset (t = 3.720, P = 0.000) and proportion of hypertension (χ2 = 4.736, P = 0.030) were lower than those in the organic movement disorder group. Comparison of the clinical characteristics of the 2 groups, the FMD group had higher proportions of tremor (χ2 = 3.955, P = 0.047) and myoclonus (Fisher′s exact probability: P = 0.011) than the organic movement disorder group, and the proportions of parkinsonism (χ2 = 8.491, P = 0.004) and gait disorder (χ2 = 5.028, P = 0.025) were lower than those in the organic movement disorder group. Conclusions The age and age of onset, as well as the proportions of COVID⁃19 infection, hypertension, psychopsychological symptoms, tremor, myoclonus, parkinsonism and gait disorder with FMD were different from those with organic movement disorder in China.

Objective To observe the effects of 20 chemotherapeutic agents on the proliferation of Treg cells. Methods Twenty agents used in routine chemotherapy were selected and assayed on IL-2- induced Treg cell proliferation through CellTrace labeling and flow cytometry. Results After treatment with 12 chemotherapeutic agents at non-cytotoxic concentration, the proportion as well as the number of Foxp3+Treg cells in CD4+ T cells were significantly reduced. Conclusions Twelve chemotherapeutic agents including 3 tubulin interfering agents, 3 transcription and RNA synthesis interfering agents and 2 topoisomerase inhibitors inhibited the proliferation of Treg cells.

Objective To screen the influencing factors for the poor prognosis in patients with ultra⁃ severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods Total 133 patients with ultra⁃severe TBI [Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score 3-5] which admitted to the 909th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force; Dongnan Hospital of Xiamen University from January 2012 to June 2017 were included. All cases underwent hematoma removal with either standard craniotomy decompression or oversized craniotomy decompression, even combined with internal decompression. Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) was used to evaluate prognosis 6 months after surgery. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were adopted to screen the influencing factors for poor prognosis in patients with ultra⁃severe TBI. Results Total 133 patients were divided into favourable prognosis group (GOS score ≥ 4, n = 12) and poor prognosis group (GOS score < 4, n = 121). Logistic regression analysis showed bilateral pupils dilated (OR = 1.779, 95%CI: 1.698-4.531; P = 0.004), postoperative high intracranial pressure (ICP; OR = 12.629, 95%CI: 2.313-68.949, P = 0.007) and volume of secondly cerebral infarction > 75 ml (OR = 2.147, 95%CI: 1.894-5.156; P = 0.009) were the risk factors for poor prognosis, while injury subtyping of isolated epidural hematoma was the protective factor for favourable prognosis (OR = 0.172, 95%CI: 0.032-0.915; P = 0.002). Conclusions GCS score is not reliable in solely predicting the prognosis of patients with ultra ⁃severe TBI. Preoperative bilateral pupil dilation, postoperative high ICP and volume of secondly cerebral infarction > 75 ml were risk factors for poor prognosis of patients with ultra⁃severe TBI, while injury subtyping of isolated epidural hematoma was the protective factor for favourable prognosis.

Tumor angiogenesis is one of the typical hallmarks of tumor occurrence and development, and tumor neovascularization also exhibits distinct characteristics from normal blood vessels. As the number of cells and matrix inside the tumor increases, the biomechanical force is enhanced, specifically manifested as solid stress, fluid stress, stiffness, and topology. This mechanical microenvironment also provides shelter for tumors and intensifies angiogenesis, providing oxygen and nutritional support for tumor progression. During tumor development, the biomechanical microenvironment also emerges, which in turn feeds back to regulate the tumor progression, including tumor angiogenesis, and biochemical and biomechanical signals can regulate tumor angiogenesis. Blood vessels possess inherent sensitivity to mechanical stimuli, but compared to the extensive research on biochemical signal regulation, the study of the regulation of tumor neovascularization by biomechanical signals remains relatively scarce. Biomechanical forces can affect the phenotypic characteristics and mechanical signaling pathways of tumor blood vessels, directly regulating angiogenesis. Meanwhile, they can indirectly regulate tumor angiogenesis by causing an imbalance in angiogenesis signals and affecting stromal cell function. Understanding the regulatory mechanism of biomechanical forces in tumor angiogenesis is beneficial for better identifying and even taming the mechanical forces involved in angiogenesis, providing new therapeutic targets for tumor vascular normalization. Therefore, we summarized the composition of biomechanical forces and their direct or indirect regulation of tumor neovascularization. In addition, this review discussed the use of biomechanical forces in combination with anti-angiogenic therapies for the treatment of tumors, and biomechanical forces triggered delivery systems.

Immunotherapy has become a common means of cancer treatment. In immunotherapy, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have significant efficacy. Cancer and various opportunistic infections are common complications in patients with AIDS. Owing to the special immune situation of these patients, AIDS is regarded as an exclusion standard in most clinical trials for cancer immunotherapy, conferring immunotherapy difficulty in treating patients with AIDS. The popularity of effective antiretroviral drugs has prolonged the lifetime of people with AIDS. Therefore, exploiting the opportunity of using immunotherapy in AIDS with cancer is urgent.

BackgroundMolten salt electrochemical separation of spent fuel in molten salt medium is one of the most widely studied technologies in pyroprocessing. It is based on the use of electrolysis to achieve the separation.PurposeThis study aims to investigate the separation of actinides and lanthanides in situ using high-temperature molten salt media.MethodsCyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV), and constant potential electrolysis were employed to study the electrochemical behavior and separation feasibility of UF4 and LnF3 (Ln=Eu, Sm, Yb, La, Ce, and Ho) in FLiBe molten salt. Firstly, the eutectic salt was prepared, followed by the precise measurement and mixing of FLiBe molten salt and UF4 or LnF3 powder in accordance with the desired concentration ratio. Then, the electrochemical behavior of uranium and lanthanide elements in FLiBe molten salt was experimentally studied using electrochemical CV and SWV. Subsequently, the constant potential electrolysis method was employed to achieve the electrochemical deposition of uranium or lanthanide elements. Finally, the feasibility of separating uranium and lanthanide elements in FLiBe molten salt was evaluated through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of the electrolysis products.ResultsExperimental results show that U4+ undergoes two electron transfer reductions on an inert tungsten electrode, namely U4++e-→U3+ and U3++3e-→U0, while Yb3+, Sm3+, and Eu3+ have only one electron transfer reduction, leading to the +2 valence state of Yb2+, Sm2+, and Eu2+ ions, respectively. In addition, La3+, Ce3+, and Ho3+ ions do not exhibit significant electrochemical signals within the electrochemical window of FLiBe molten salt. The findings from XRD and EDS analyses verify that the electrolysis products presented on the W electrode consist of metal U, UF3, and entrain molten salt, with no lanthanide (Ln=Eu, Sm, Yb, La, Ce, and Ho) electrolytic deposition product detected.ConclusionsThe suitable electrolytic separation method developed in this study provides basic data to separate actinides and lanthanides from molten salts.

Silicone rubbers are extensively used in high-end equipment in ionizing radiation environments because of their satisfactory elasticity, thermostability, high/low-temperature resistance, and aging resistance characteristics. Experimental studies and theoretical calculations are of equal importance because of their complicated radiolytic behaviors and mechanisms. This paper reviews the progress of simulation studies on radiation-aged silicone rubber. Many examples are listed and summarized to reveal their highlights in solving practical issues from the perspective of multiscale simulations, where mutual validation and verification of experiments and simulations are also discussed. Based on the characteristics of the spatiotemporal scale of the modeling methods, this paper is organized into the following six sections. Frequently adopted simulation methods include quantum electrodynamics, density functional theory, quantum molecular dynamics, reactive molecular dynamics, traditional molecular dynamics, and constitutive models and finite-element simulations. These methods are strongly associated with research demands, including the process and mechanism of interaction of silicone with radiation, evolution law and mechanism of system damage, and the structure–property relationship. Some studies have involved several modeling methods that are compiled into the most featured sections. This review presents a wide range of simulation studies on silicone rubber, outlining its research status and the current challenges for the academic and engineering community. This review provides novel ideas and knowledge bases for experimental studies and solutions to engineering problems.

ObjectiveAccurate prediction of changes in sugarcane yield in Guangxi can provide important reference for the formulation of relevant policies by the government and provide decision-making basis for farmers to guide sugarcane planting, thereby improving sugarcane yield and quality and promoting the development of the sugarcane industry. This research was conducted to provide scientific data support for sugar factories and related management departments, explore the relationship between sugarcane yield and meteorological factors in the main sugarcane producing areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.MethodsThe study area included five sugarcane planting regions which laid in five different counties in Guangxi, China. The average yields per hectare of each planting regions were provided by Guangxi Sugar Industry Group which controls the sugar refineries of each planting region. The daily meteorological data including 14 meteorological factors from 2002 to 2019 were acquired from National Data Center for Meteorological Sciences to analyze their influences placed on sugarcane yield. Since meteorological factors could pose different influences on sugarcane growth during different time spans, a new kind of factor which includes meteorological factors and time spans was defined, such as the average precipitation in August, the average temperature from February to April, etc. And then the inter-correlation of all the meteorological factors of different time spans and their correlations with yields were analyzed to screen out the key meteorological factors of sensitive time spans. After that, four algorithms of BP neural network (BPNN), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and long short-term memory (LSTM) were employed to establish sugarcane apparent yield prediction models for each planting region. Their corresponding reference models based on the annual meteorological factors were also built. Additionally, the meteorological yields of every planting region were extracted by HP filtering, and a general meteorological yield prediction model was built based on the data of all the five planting regions by using RF, SVM BPNN, and LSTM, respectively.Results and DiscussionsThe correlation analysis showed that different planting regions have different sensitive meteorological factors and key time spans. The highly representative meteorological factors mainly included sunshine hours, precipitation, and atmospheric pressure. According to the results of correlation analysis, in Region 1, the highest negative correlation coefficient with yield was observed at the sunshine hours during October and November, while the highest positive correlation coefficient was found at the minimum relative humidity in November. In Region 2, the maximum positive correlation coefficient with yield was observed at the average vapor pressure during February and March, whereas the maximum negative correlation coefficient was associated with the precipitation in August and September. In Region 3, the maximum positive correlation coefficient with yield was found at the 20‒20 precipitation during August and September, while the maximum negative correlation coefficient was related to sunshine hours in the same period. In Region 4, the maximum positive correlation coefficient with yield was observed at the 20‒20 precipitation from March to December, whereas the maximum negative correlation coefficient was associated with the highest atmospheric pressure from August to December. In Region 5, the maximum positive correlation coefficient with yield was found at the average vapor pressure from June and to August, whereas the maximum negative correlation coefficient as related to the lowest atmospheric pressure in February and March. For each specific planting region, the accuracy of apparent yield prediction model based on sensitive meteorological factors during key time spans was obviously better than that based on the annual average meteorological values. The LSTM model performed significantly better than the widely used classic BPNN, SVM, and RF models for both kinds of meteorological factors (under sensitive time spans or annually). The overall root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of the LSTM model under key time spans were 10.34 t/ha and 6.85%, respectively, with a coefficient of determination Rv2 of 0.8489 between the predicted values and true values. For the general prediction models of the meteorological yield to multiple the sugarcane planting regions, the RF, SVM, and BPNN models achieved good results, and the best prediction performance went to BPNN model, with an RMSE of 0.98 t/ha, MAPE of 9.59%, and Rv2 of 0.965. The RMSE and MAPE of the LSTM model were 0.25 t/ha and 39.99%, respectively, and the Rv2 was 0.77.ConclusionsSensitive meteorological factors under key time spans were found to be more significantly correlated with the yields than the annual average meteorological factors. LSTM model shows better performances on apparent yield prediction for specific planting region than the classic BPNN, SVM, and RF models, but BPNN model showed better results than other models in predicting meteorological yield over multiple sugarcane planting regions.

Abstract Background We aim to establish the characteristics of published cardio‐oncology research of clinical trials by bibliometric analysis and to talk about the prospects and difficulties facing the development of cardio‐oncology. Methods Search of data related to clinical trials in cardiac oncology from 1990 to 2022 from the Web of Science core collection. Using CiteSpace to perform co‐citation analysis of authors, countries (regions) and institutions, journals and cited journals, cited authors and cited literature, and keywords. Results Of the 607 clinical trial studies, the number of papers published per year has increased over time. The regions with the greatest influence were North America (especially the United States) and Europe. Multicenter research has always been the focus of cardio‐oncology research, but cross‐regional cooperation was still lacking. Myocardial toxicity caused by anthracyclines has received the earliest attention and has been studied for the longest time. Meanwhile, the efficacy and cardiotoxicity of new anticancer drugs always came into focus, but at a slow pace. Few studies on myocardial toxicity were related to the treatment of tumors except breast cancer. Risk factors, heart disease, adverse outcomes, follow‐up, and intervention protection were the major hotspots revealed by co‐citation cluster. Conclusions There is great potential for the development of clinical trials in cardio‐oncology, especially in multicenter cooperation across different regions. Expansion of tumor types, myocardial toxicity of different drugs, and effective interventions in the research direction and design of clinical trials are necessary.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a kind of fermented hypoallergenic peanut milk with lactic acid bacteria. Methods: The crude protein content and Ara h 1 concentration in different peanut varieties were determined by the kit, and the peanut varieties with the lowest Ara h 1 content were selected to make fermented milk. Response surface method was used to optimize the preparation process of fermented peanut milk with the maximum reduction of sensitizing protein Ara h 1 content with different inoculation amount, inoculation species, fermentation time and sugar addition amount as factors. The compound fermented peanut milk with probiotics was prepared, and the taste, histological state and flavor of the product were evaluated. Results: When inoculated with 4% bacteria, inoculated with Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus, fermented for 4 h, and added with 6% sugar, the main allergen Ara h 1 in fermented peanut milk was reduced by 70% to 48 μg/g, and the average score of sensory evaluation was 80 points. Conclusion: Through process optimization, a compound probiotic fermented peanut product with low content of sensitizing protein Ara h 1, good curd effect and pleasant taste was obtained.

It's of great value to study on splitting tensile properties of rock after freeze-thaw cycles of rock mass in cold regions. The typical red sandstone in cold region was selected for testing, the freeze-thaw (F-T) cycle experiments with different numbers (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 times) were performed on red sandstone specimens, and the effects of F-T cycle number on the P-wave velocity, dry density, and porosity of red sandstone were studied in detail. In addition, both the static and dynamic mechanical properties of red sandstone specimens after different F-T cycles were tested by using rock testing machine and ø50 mm split Hopkinson bar system, and the influence of F-T cycle number on the static and dynamic strength, deformation, and failure mode of red sandstone was systematically analyzed. F-T damage degree of red sandstone was defined based on the variation in P-wave velocity. Results show that with the increase of F-T number, the internal cracks of red sandstone continuously expand, bonding between mineral particles gradually decreases. Both the P-wave velocity and dry density of specimens gradually decrease, while the porosity and damage degree gradually increase. The static and dynamic splitting tensile strengths of red sandstone specimens gradually decrease with the increase of F-T number, while the time needed to reach the peak stress gradually increases. After 20 F-T cycles, the static and dynamic splitting strengths of red sandstone specimens decreased by 41.88% and 21.93%, respectively. Under the same F-T cycle number, the dynamic splitting strength of red sandstone specimens is increased by 2～3.5 times compared to the specimen under static loading. Under the static splitting condition, the red sandstone specimen exhibits the central splitting failure mode. However, an obvious crushed region at both ends of specimens was observed under dynamic loading. Additionally, with the increase of F-T number, the crushed area increases gradually, while the size of fragments gradually decreases. The damage degree of red sandstone increases logarithmically with the increase of F-T number.

Chirality prevails in nature and is of great value for molecular biology, medicine, and bioscience. Due to the enhancement of chiroptical responses, chiral metasurfaces has attracted enormous attentions. In this paper, some novel polarization-sensitive transmission effects in terahertz chiral metasurfaces are exhibited. In the chiral metasurfaces whose unit cell consists of two basic resonators – a wire and a split ring resonator (SRR), we observe the asymmetrical transmission for circularly polarized state from the circular cross-polarization conversion spectra and the circular conversion dichroism (CCD). More importantly, we verify that the chiroptical activities can be affected by the coupling between the two resonators by simply moving their relative position in the terahertz metasurfaces. From the experimental and simulated results, we observe the distinguished variation in the circular cross-polarization conversion spectra and CCD, and combining with the theoretical analysis using coupled mode theory, we reveal that the chirality of the metasurfaces is strongly correlated to the coupling between the two modes determined by the wire and SRR. Finally, we demonstrate the coupling-enabled chirality by investigating the dependence of CCD on the coupling discrepancy with different relative positions of the two resonators. These findings offer the insights into the relationship between chirality and mode coupling and provide a theoretical method to design chiral metasurfaces and enhance the circular conversion dichroism, which have potential applications in the fields such as optical sensing, polarization imaging, and biological/chemical detection.

Abstract To provide a basis for further optimization of the polio sequential immunization schedule, this study evaluated the effectiveness of booster immunization with one dose of bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (bOPV) at 48 months of age after different primary polio immunization schedules. At 48 months of age, one dose of bOPV was administered, and their poliovirus types 1–3 (PV1, PV2, and PV3, respectively)-specific neutralizing antibody levels were determined. Participants found to be negative for any type of PV-specific neutralizing antibody at 24, 36, or 48 months of age were re-vaccinated with inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). The 439 subjects who received a bOPV booster immunization at the age of 48 months had lower PV2-specific antibody levels compared with those who received IPV. One dose of IPV during basic polio immunization induced the lowest PV2-specific antibody levels. On the basis of our findings, to ensure that no less than 70% of the vaccinated have protection efficiency, we recommend the following: if basic immunization was conducted with 1IPV + 2bOPV (especially Sabin strain-based IPV), a booster immunization with IPV is recommended at 36 months of age, whereas if basic immunization was conducted with 2IPV + 1bOPV, a booster immunization with IPV is recommended at 48 months of age. A sequential immunization schedule of 2IPV + 1bOPV + 1IPV can not only maintain high levels of antibody against PV1 and PV3 but also increases immunity to PV2 and induces early intestinal mucosal immunity, with relatively good safety. Thus, this may be the best sequential immunization schedule for polio in countries or regions at high risk for polio.

Atherosclerosis is the main cause of cardiovascular diseases， while Carotid intima-media thickness is a biomarker of subclinical atherosclerosis. Numerous studies have confirmed that exercise can slow down or even reverse the formation and progression of carotid Intima-Media thickness. This paper provides a review of the effects of different exercise modalities， intensities， and populations on the vascular structure to provide a reference for the prevention of atherosclerosis with exercise.

In this paper, a three-dimensional numerical framework for modeling growth of swellable soft materials at large deformation is established based on the cell-based smooth finite element method, and the multiplicative decomposition scheme of deformation gradient is given. The second P-K stress and Green's strain tensor are selected as work conjugate pairs, and the corresponding mathematical expressions of stiffness matrix and geometric stiffness matrix are derived. The numerical method is implemented based on Matlab platform, and the isotropic and anisotropic growth behaviors of swellable soft materials are simulated respectively. The results show that anisotropic growth will inhibit the deformation of expandable soft materials compared with isotropic growth. The simulation results are compared with the calculation results in the existing literature. The comparison results show that the characteristics and the morphological mode are in good agreement, which proves the effectiveness of the numerical framework in simulating the growth behavior of expandable soft materials at large deformation, and is able to reveal the mechanical mechanism of the plant growth phenomenon in nature.

A rapid identification method of microcrystalline cellulose adulteration by near infrared spectroscopy was studied. Based on the near-infrared spectrum data of microcrystalline cellulose samples and adulterants (soluble starch, wheat flour), the material spectrum database and the adulterant spectrum database were created respectively, and the microcrystalline cellulose classification and the adulterant models were also established. A rapid identification method for microcrystalline cellulose adulteration was established by using the Adulterant Screen algorithm technology for calculation and analysis. The minimum detected content of single component adulteration of microcrystalline fiber powder was 2% soluble starch and 1% wheat flour, and the accurate recognition rate was 100%. When the adulteration of two components (soluble starch + wheat flour) was two to ten times of the detection limit concentration of one component, the accurate recognition rate was 100%. The accurate recognition rate of unknown sample microcrystalline cellulose above the detection limit is 100%. The method is simple, rapid and reliable, and can quickly identify adulteration of microcrystalline cellulose samples. It can be effectively applied to the adulteration detection and identification of daily microcrystalline cellulose samples, which could provide technical support for the customs to crack down on tax evasion and evasion.

We reveal that the criticality of the chiral phase transition in QCD at the macroscale arises from the microscopic energy levels of its fundamental constituents, the quarks. We establish a novel relation between cumulants of the chiral order parameter (i.e., chiral condensate) and correlations among the energy levels of quarks (i.e., eigenspectra of the massless Dirac operator), which naturally leads to a generalization of the Banks-Casher relation. Based on this novel relation and through (2+1)-flavor lattice QCD calculations using the HISQ action with varying light quark masses in the vicinity of the chiral phase transition, we demonstrate that the correlations among the infrared part of the Dirac eigenspectra exhibit same universal scaling behaviors as expected of the cumulants of the chiral condensate. We find that these universal scaling behaviors extend up to the physical values of the up and down quark masses.

Research on the driving characteristics of motor vehicles at different altitudes in plateau regions and road emission intensity can provide technical support for energy conservation and emission reduction policies in plateau areas. This paper selects gasoline and diesel vehicles for on-board testing on typical road sections in plateau regions to study the overall driving characteristics of motor vehicles and the driving characteristics at different altitude intervals in plateau areas. The results show that with the increase in altitude, the driving conditions gradually concentrate towards ’high speed, low acceleration.’ The relevant conclusions can further study and analyze the distribution patterns of pollutants in motor vehicle exhaust emissions and road emission intensity.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of group interpersonal psychotherapy （IPT） on cognitive and social function in patients with first-episode schizophrenia， and to provide references for appropriate psychological treatment for the patients.MethodsA total of 62 patients with first-episode schizophrenia who met the diagnostic criteria of International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10） and were admitted to the Third People's Hospital of Foshan from January to December 2021 were selected as the study objects. And patients were divided into study group and control group according to random number table method， each with 31 cases. Both groups were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks， based on this， study group received group IPT. Before and after 8 weeks of treatment， Positive and Negative Syndrorne Scales （PANSS）， Wisconsin Card Sorting Tests （WCST） and Personal and Social Performance Sale（PSP） were adopted to assess the patients' psychiatric symptoms， cognitive function and social function.ResultsAfter 8 weeks of treatment， there was no significant difference in PANSS scores between the two groups （t=0.296， P>0.05）. The WCST total number of responses in the study group was larger than that in the control group， the number of perseverative errors and non-perseverative errors were smaller than those in the control group， and PSP score of the study group was higher than that of the control group， with statistically significant differences （t=0.398， 2.609， 0.523， 0.381， P

ObjectiveTo analyze the influenza surveillance data in Ezhou City， Hubei Province from 2016 to 2021， determine the epidemiological characteristics and etiological trend of influenza like illness （ILI）， and to provide scientific evidence for influenza prevention and control.MethodsThe ILI surveillance data were reported by Ezhou influenza sentinel hospitals and etiological examination results were collected by network laboratory. Influenza surveillance data from 2016 to 2021 were analyzed.ResultsFrom 2016 to 2021， the percentage of ILI visits （ILI%） in Ezhou city was 2.81% and increased over years. Majority （55.55%） of ILI cases were 0‒4 years. A total of 7 716 ILI samples were examined from 2016 to 2021， of which 1 467 tested positive with a positive rate of 19.01%. Influenza A H1N1 was mainly concentrated in January-April， A H3N2 mainly in August-December， B Victoria mainly in April-July and December-March， and B Yamagata mainly in December-February. Influenza network laboratory isolated influenza virus from the 1 467 positive samples by using MDCK cells and SPF chicken embryos. The overall isolation rate was 32.78%， which was 26.93% by MDCK cells and 5.86% by SPF chicken embryos. From 2016 to 2021， a total of 13 ILI outbreaks were reported in Ezhou City. Temporally， the outbreaks mainly occurred in winter and spring. Spatially， they were mainly in primary schools， middle schools and kindergartens.ConclusionThe winter and spring are the key time period of influenza prevention and control in Ezhou City， as they are susceptible to influenza outbreaks. Children aged 0‒14 are the key population of prevention and control. Diverse subtypes of influenza virus alternate by years， which warrants continually strengthening monitoring. Additionally， certain countermeasures against COVID-19 may be recommended in the prevention and control of influenza.

The basic architecture of the ECS-700 control system that integrates DCS and DEH for the first time is introduced， and its hardware and software performance is tested and analyzed. Besides， the application and reliability design of the system in ultra-supercritical units are discussed， and relevant optimization items are proposed. The performance tests and practical application of the ECS-700 control system show that it can meet the requirements of the power industry standards in terms of main performance and main application functions， and that it can provide a reference for the commissioning， operation and maintenance of power plants using the same type of distributed control system.

The electrochemical behavior of Li2O in KCl-LiCl molten salt has been studied by cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry. The diffusion coefficient D=0.5×10-5 cm2/s of O2- in KCl-LiCl molten salt at 923 K has been calculated by convolutional voltammetry. Gd2O3, Nd2O3, Sm2O3 and Dy2O3 were used as cathodes to conduct electrolysis in KCl-LiCl-Li2O(w=1%) molten salt(constant voltage 3.40 V, electrolysis temperature 923 K, electrolysis time 25 h). By XRD analysis, it was confirmed that the rare earth oxides are partially reduced to metals, and the possible reactions during the electrolysis process were analyzed. At the same time, the PRS model was used to analyze the electrolytic reduction models of these rare earth oxides, and the optimal porosity(Popt) of Gd2O3, Nd2O3, Sm2O3 and Dy2O3 are 18.7%, 24.2%, 30.6%,16.7%, respectively. The minimum electrolysis time of them are 133, 157, 143, and 119 h, respectively, which are compared with the results of the electrolytic experiment, it is found that the porosity and electrolysis time of the cathode do not meet the requirements for complete reduction of metal oxides, and the corresponding explanation is given.

It is significant to study the relationship between the stress triaxiality and the fracture behavior for analyzing the failure process of additive manufactured titanium alloy. This paper combined the tensile test of smooth round bar specimens and notched round bar specimens with the numerical simulation to obtain the stress triaxiality distribution and fracture strain in order to study fracture behavior of additive manufactured titanium under different stress triaxiality. Fracture analysis was proceeded by using scanning electronic microscope to analyze the correlation between the stress triaxiality and the fracture behavior. Results show that the fracture strain decreases while the stress triaxiality increases and the location of the crack initiation moves from the center to the edge of the minimum cross-section while the radius of the notch decrease.

Considering the influence of the center of gravity (CG) and mass variations on flight dynamics, a nonlinear L1 adaptive control approach is presented in this paper and applied to design a flight controller to achieve the aim of improving the robustness of the flight system against sudden changes in the CG. Based on L1 adaptive control, this approach introduces a feedback linearization strategy to eliminate the known nonlinear dynamics of the aircraft and realize the rapid decoupling of the aircraft states. The nonlinear L1 adaptive control also addresses the problem of insufficient robustness in conventional L1 adaptive control due to overcoming its own known nonlinearities, and then improves the robustness to external disturbances. Additionally, the modified piecewise constant is employed to design the adaptive law to improve the estimation accuracy. Finally, the control performance and robustness of the designed flight control law are verified in the hardware in the loop (HIL) flight control semi-physical experimental platform. Experimental results indicate that the nonlinear L1 adaptive flight control law has strong robustness, which can effectively overcome the disturbance of the CG and mass sudden variations. Moreover, the designed controller takes into account the transient performance while ensuring the steady-state performance of the aircraft with CG change.

现有医学样本库缺乏不同年龄段脊椎的几何形态统计模型, 因此建立一个精度较高、定位准确的椎体几何形态统计模型库就显得迫在眉睫。提出一种基于融合曲率特征的椎体三维几何统计模型构建方法, 根据曲率特征对人体腰椎三维重建模型进行识别和定位, 输出各模型的样本矩阵; 用优化的ICP算法对样本矩阵进行对齐与配准; 用PCA对样本模型进行配准训练, 组成统计模型样本库。

Objective: This study aimed to explore the effect of Pediococcus pentosaceus J8 fermented kiwifruit on bread baking and flavor profile characteristics of wheat bread. Methods: The changes in β-glucosidase enzyme activity, organic acids and flavor compounds during kiwifruit fermentation were analyzed. The physical and chemical properties of wheat dough incorporated with fermented kiwifruit were determined. Moreover, the changes in total dietary fiber and total amino acid content, bread quality and flavor characteristics of the resulted bread were also determined. Results: After 15.5 hours of fermentation, the β-glucosidase activity reached 55.13 U/L, and the content of lactic acid and acetic acid significantly increased. A total of 110 flavor compounds were detected by GC-TOF/MS in kiwifruit. After fermentation, the content of acids, esters, alcohols and terpenes increased, while the content of aldehydes and ketones decreased. For the first time, α-angelica lactone, furfuryl acetate and pantolactone were found in kiwifruit. In dough, compared with the unfermented group, the α-amylase and protease activities increased by 14.86% and 18.63%, respectively after incorporation of fermented kiwifruit. In bread, compared with the unfermented group, the hardness （11.58%） decreased, while the soluble dietary fiber, total amino acids and specific volume increased by 12.54%, 41.02% and 18.59%, respectively. In addition, bread incorporated with fermented kiwifruit tasted better, had an increased content （27.78%） and type （45.10%） of flavor compounds and a higher overall acceptability than bread incorporated with unfermented kiwifruit. Conclusion: Fermenting kiwifruit with Pediococcus pentosaceuscan improve the flavor and baking characteristics of bread.

The ancient Chinese remedy BuyangHuanwu Decoction (BHD) is used to treat qi deficit and blood stasis conditions. This work investigated the effect of BHD on cerebral vasospasm (CVS) caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Rats were randomly assigned into four groups: control group, SAH group, SAH + BHD [13 g/(kg day)] group, and SAH + BHD [26 g/(kg day)] group. The Garcia neurological scoring scale was used to assess neurological dysfunction. Hematoxylin and eosin stains were used to determine the extent of vasospasm by measuring the diameter of the basilar artery. Western blot was used to measure the concentrations of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), AKT, and phospho-AKT expression levels. RT-PCR was used to determine PI3K and AKT RNA expressions. Immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to measure levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and nitric oxide (NO), respectively, in cerebrospinal fluid. BHD treatment ameliorated CVS and mitigated neurological dysfunction after SAH. Furthermore, the findings suggest that NO concentration was increased through the activation of classical PI3K/AKT signaling and the eNOS pathway. Thus, BHD showed multifaceted roles in preventing damage via decreasing vasospasm and improving neurological impairments caused by CVS after SAH.

Objective: Combined with the determination of macromolecular protein, amino acid and total protein, a quantitative analysis method for the content of small molecular peptides in infant formula milk powder was established. Methods: The contents of total protein, polymer protein and free amino acid in infant formula milk powder were determined by Kjeldahl nitrogen determination method, gravimetric method and ion exchange chromatography, and then the contents of small molecular protein peptide were calculated. Results: The precision RSD of the macromolecular protein detection (n=6) was 0.74%; The recovery rates of the 17 kinds of amino acids were 91.0%~103.2%, and the relative deviations of the detection results were 0.6%~ 2.5%. The recovery rates of small molecular weight peptides were 95.2%~98.2%. Conclusion: The established method has been validated by methodology, with good precision and recovery rate, and can be used for the determination of small molecular peptides in infant formula milk powder.

ObjectiveTo explore the psychological defense styles and family environment among male prisoners of different terms of imprisonment， and to analyse the relationship between their psychological defense styles and family environment.MethodsA total of 200 male prisoners in a prison in Guangdong were randomly selected from April to June 2015， and they were classified into less than 5 years of imprisonment group （n=108） and 5 years or more imprisonment group （n=92）. Their defense style and family environment were evaluated by Defense Style Questionnaire （DSQ） and Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version （FES-CV）. Pearson correlation analysis was used to test the correlation between each scale score.ResultsThe factor scores of immature defense mechanism and intermediate defense mechanism of DSQ in the group with less than 5 years of imprisonment were lower than those in the group with 5 years or more imprisonment， with statistically significant differences （t=4.198， 1.137， P

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease. Its pathogenesis has not been fully revealed. Moreover, the lack of effective and safe treatment strategies is an obstacle for UC treatment currently. Animal models are essential tools in disease research. Therefore, the establishment of animal models with pathological manifestations similar to human UC is conducive to the full study of this disease. In this review, we reviewed the research progress of animal models of UC, and found that chemical induction is the most commonly used method for modeling UC. Based on the development of genomics technology, gene editing or knockout-induced spontaneous colitis is a vital direction for animal models research in the future. In addition, the indexes for evaluating the modeling results of UC animal models need to be further explored.

Objective Too investigate the plasma level of CD248 in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and its clinical significance. Methods A total of 30 PAH patients, including 14 with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) and 16 with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) who were diagnosed by right heart catheterization in the our department from March 2016 to June 2019 were recruited, and 12 healthy individuals who taking physical examination during same period served as control group in this study. Plasma levels of CD248 protein in healthy controls and PAH patients were detected using ELISA. After monocrotaline (MCT) was used to induce PAH in SD rats, and the level of CD248 in rat plasma was also detected by ELISA. Then in vitro, after rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were isolated and identified and then cultured to passages 5~7, they were treated with TNF-α or platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), and the mRNA expression of CD248 in the cells was measured with qPCR. Results The plasma level of CD248 was significantly lower in the PAH patients than the healthy controls (P < 0.01). Its area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for PAH was 0.79 (95%CI: 0.64~0.94, P < 0.01). Similarly, the level of CD248 in the plasma of rats was lower in the MCT treatment group than the control group. After the intervention of PDGF-BB, the mRNA level of CD248 in PASMCs was first up-regulated and then down-regulated. Conclusion CD248 is lowly expressed in the plasma of PAH patients, and it has the potential to be used as a biomarker to assist in the diagnosis of PAH.

Ischemic stroke refers to the ischemic necrosis or softening of limited brain tissue caused by cerebral blood circulation disorder, ischemia and hypoxia, resulting in corresponding neurological functional defects. Ischemic stroke is one of the primary causes of human disability, seriously threatens human health, and there is still no effective treatment by now. In order to study the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke and prevent and treat it better, it is very important to establish appropriate animal models.This paper aims to summarize the animal models of ischemic stroke and its advantages and disadvantages.

Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways involving a variety of inflammatory cells and cellular components. To study the pathogenesis, treatment, and prognosis of this disease, a reliable animal model must be established. This article summarizes and evaluates the modeling methods for asthmatic animals and presents comprehensive comparison of the study of bronchial asthma animal models from different perspectives, hoping to provide a reference for researchers in the future.

Abstract The association between pulse pressure and long‐term mortality was investigated among acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients who received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The study population included 5055 ACS patients in the Department of Cardiology of Beijing Friendship Hospital who were enrolled from January 2013 to July 2019. The median duration of follow‐up was 24 months. Multivariate Cox regression was used to analyze the relationships between PP on inpatient admission and mortalities. Non‐linear associations were studied by restricted cubic splines. Considering the heart function, the analyses were performed in the whole cohort and the LVEF > = 0.5 cohort separately. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the different diagnosis (the myocardial infarction subgroup and the unstable angina pectoris subgroup). When PP was used as categorical variable, the high PP group (≥61 mm Hg) significantly increased the risk of death compared with the intermediate PP group (50–60 mm Hg) in the both cohorts. When PP was used as continuous variable, a U‐shape relationship were found between PP and mortalities in the whole cohort (p (for nonlinearity) = .005 and .003, respectively), with reference PP level of 55 mm Hg. However, this U‐shape relationship disappeared in the LVEF > 0.5 cohort (p (for nonlinearity) = .111 and .117, respectively). The similar results were obtained in MI subgroup. From this study, the U‐shape relationships between PP level and all‐cause and cardiac mortalities were found in ACS patients who underwent PCI. The U‐shape relationships disappeared in the LVEF > 0.5 cohort. The reference PP level was 55 mm Hg.

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has recently revised its strategy for shipping decarbonization, deepening the ambition to reduce annual greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. The accomplishment of this strategy requires the large-scale deployment of alternative maritime fuels, whose diversity and technical characteristics impose transition challenges. While several studies address the production of these fuels, a notable gap lies in the analysis of the required adaptations in vessels and ports for their usage. This study aims to fill this gap with a comprehensive review of material compatibility, storage in ports/vessels, and bunkering technology. First, we analyze key aspects of port/vessel adaptation: physical and chemical properties; energy conversion for propulsion; fuel feeding and storage; and bunkering procedures. Then, we perform a maturity assessment, placing each studied fuel on the technological readiness scale, revealing the most promising options regarding infrastructure adaptability. Finally, we develop a case study from Brazil, whose economy is grounded on maritime exports. The findings indicate that multi-product ports may have the potential to serve as multi-fuel hubs, while the remaining ports are inclined to specific fuels. In terms of vessel categories, we find that oil tankers, chemical ships, and gas carriers are most ready for conversion in the short term.

In recent years, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has been found to be of huge potential value in the promotion of the development of intelligent transportation systems (ITSs) and smart cities. However, the traditional scheme in IoV has difficulty in dealing with an uncertain environment, while reinforcement learning has the advantage of being able to deal with an uncertain environment. Spectrum resource allocation in IoV faces the uncertain environment in most cases. Therefore, this paper investigates the spectrum resource allocation problem by deep reinforcement learning after using spectrum sensing technology in the ITS, including the vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) link and the vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) link. The spectrum resource allocation is modeled as a reinforcement learning-based multi-agent problem which is solved by using the soft actor critic (SAC) algorithm. Considered an agent, each V2V link interacts with the vehicle environment and makes a joint action. After that, each agent receives different observations as well as the same reward, and updates networks through the experiences from the memory. Therefore, during a certain time, each V2V link can optimize its spectrum allocation scheme to maximize the V2I capacity as well as increase the V2V payload delivery transmission rate. However, the number of SAC networks increases linearly as the number of V2V links increases, which means that the networks may have a problem in terms of convergence when there are an excessive number of V2V links. Consequently, a new algorithm, namely parameter sharing soft actor critic (PSSAC), is proposed to reduce the complexity for which the model is easier to converge. The simulation results show that both SAC and PSSAC can improve the V2I capacity and increase the V2V payload transmission success probability within a certain time. Specifically, these novel schemes have a 10 percent performance improvement compared with the existing scheme in the vehicular environment. Additionally, PSSAC has a lower complexity.

The digital upgrade and transformation of the coal mine safety monitoring system have significantly improved its safety and stability, but the operating environment, system software and hardware, human operation and other factors still lead to abnormal situation, such as data collection, data processing and network transmission, so it is necessary to set the fault self-diagnosis units in the key links of the system. According to the configuration characteristics of coal mine safety monitoring system and the actual requirements of operation and maintenance, the system is divided into three levels: perception layer, transmission layer and platform layer. In view of the problems existing in each level, the fault self-diagnosis module is studied and designed from the aspects of software and hardware, and the functions of each module are pointed out. The field application test shows that the hierarchical fault self-diagnosis technology can effectively improve the quality of information interaction and data transmission, and improve the reliability of coal mine safety monitoring system.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of AMPK activator AICAR on pancreatic injury in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) by inhibiting inflammatory and oxidative stress. Methods The rats were randomly divided into three groups with 6 in each as follows: sham operation group(NC group),model group(SAP group)and experimental group[(SAP+AICAR) group, given AICAR 400 mg/kg intervention 2 h before modeling]. 5% sodium bezoar cholic acid was pumped into the bile duct with a dosage of 0.1 mL/kg for modeling. The rats were anesthetized with isoflurane 24 hours after modeling, and 5-7 mL of blood from the abdominal aorta was collected, and the heart was cut off for euthanasia.The ratio of p-AMPK/AMPK was determined by Western blot to determine AMPK activation; Pathological injury and edema of pancreas were observed by HE staining; The expressions of monocyte chemotaxis protein 1(MCP-1) and the myeloper-oxidase(MPO) positive cells were counted with immunohistochemical staining; The contents of amylase,lipase,IL-6 and TNF-α in serum were determined by ELISA. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of super-oxide dismutase (SOD) in pancreatic tissues were determined. Results The level of pancreatic phosphorylated AMPK in SAP group was significantly lower than that in NC group (P＜0.05), and the level of pancreatic phosphorylated AMPK in experimental group was significantly higher than that in SAP group (P＜0.01).The pathological score and pancreatic moisture content of the SAP group were significantly higher than those of the NC group (P＜0.05), and the pathological score and pancreatic moisture content of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the SAP group (P＜0.01).The expression of MCP-1, the number of MPO positive cells, the contents of amylase,lipase,IL-6 and TNF-α in serum, the content of MDA and the activity of SOD in pancreatic tissue in SAP group were significantly higher than those in NC group(P＜0.05).The expression of MCP-1, the counting of MPO positive cells, the contents of amylase,lipase,IL-6 and TNF-α in serum, the content of MDA and the activity of SOD in pancreatic tissue in experimental group were significantly lower than those in SAP group (P＜0.01). Conclusions AMPK activator inhibites inflammatory and oxidative stress responses in SAP rats and alleviates pancreatic injury as well as pancreatic edema.

Objective To analyze the effect of total etching and self-etching adhesive systems on resin-dentin interfaces and stress distribution under static tensile loading in order to understand the function of 2 interfaces under static loading. Methods Two idealized micro-scaled three-dimensional finite element models were constructed according to the micromorphological characteristics of the total etching and self-etching adhesive system bonded dentin interfaces. The stress distribution of the 2 interfaces was analyzed under a static tensile load of 20 MPa, as well as stress concentration factors of each structural components were calculated. Results The structural components of both bonded interfaces were subjected to tensile stress under static tensile loading, as the stress was concentrated predominantly at the junctions of different structural components. The highest stress concentration factor was found in the partially demineralized dentin in the total etching bonded interface (2.91), and the factor was 2.52 in the intact dentin in the self-etching bonded interface. The stress was lower in the self-etching bonded interface than the total etching bonded interface (50.32 vs 58.27 MPa). Conclusion Based on the 2 micro-scaled interfacial models constructed in this study, the mechanical stability of self-etching bonded interface is much better than that of the total etching bonded interface.