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Subclavian arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are rare entities, mostly reported as a result of traumatic and iatrogenic injuries. In the literature, congenital subclavian AVFs are also presented. Diagnosis of traumatic AVF may present challenges given the variable clinical presentation, varying location, and difficulty to locate on imaging. If left untreated, it can lead to high-output heart failure. This underlies the importance of understanding the nature of the disease, timely diagnosis, and treatment in order to prevent increased morbidity and mortality. We report a case of a patient having a traumatic left subclavian AVF formation after clavicle and rib surgery, which was successfully treated with a covered stent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis article proposes a low-frequency and efficient tension-like nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvester, which increases the harvesting performance of the harvester by swinging the support frame. Firstly, design the structure of the harvester and draw a physical model. Secondly, finite element models are used to simulate and analyze the structure’s dynamic characteristics. Finally, make an experimental prototype of the harvester and explore the power generation characteristics of the device through experiments. The results indicate that the harvester has two natural frequencies under low-frequency conditions. The energy harvester has the optimal external resistance to achieve peak output power. The greater the excitation acceleration, the greater the total output power value of the energy harvester. When the mass of the mass block is 3.7 g and the excitation acceleration is 0.4 g, the total output power value of the energy harvester is 3.88 mW, and the harvesting frequency band is wide, indicating excellent output performance of the harvester. The experimental results of the energy harvester device are consistent with the simulation results, fully verifying the correctness of the experiment and simulation. This piezoelectric energy harvester can efficiently harvest vibration energy at low frequencies, providing a good prospect for supplying power to microelectronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an energy harvesting device, the newly emerged thermocell has attracted great interest. However, it requires an additional energy storage device to complete a functional recycling system. As the core part of energy harvesting and storage devices, the design of electrodes with both high thermoelectric and electrochemical conversion efficiencies is particularly important. Herein, a high‐performance thermocell and supercapacitor device are constructed by employing the same mix‐phase MoSe2‐NiSe/NF electrode for both energy harvesting and storage. The thermocell exhibits an enhanced Seebeck coefficient of −1.69 mV K−1 and a superior output of 0.58 mW m−2 K−2 for low‐grade heat harvesting. Meanwhile, the supercapacitor device shows a great energy density of 54 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 806 W kg−1 and excellent cycling stability with a 92.8% retention rate after 50 000 cycles. This work offers a universal approach for the rational design of synergistic electrode materials to simultaneously achieve high‐energy harvesting and storage devices and lays a foundation for the recycling system of thermoelectric harvesting, conversion, and storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) represents a burgeoning approach for harvesting ambient mechanical energy. However, practical applications suffer from the issues of insufficient charge density and material abrasion. Here, a rotational TENG that attains exceptional output performance and durability in mechanical energy harvesting and couples an ingenious coplanar charge pump by soft contact with a suspended electrostatic induction mode is presented. Thanks to the continuous and synchronous charge injection from the central charge pumping unit, the charge density can be up to 74.62 µC m−2, resulting in an outstanding peak power density of 20.72 W m−2. Moreover, the utilization of yielding polyester fur in the charge pumping unit as a tribo‐layer for soft contact decreases the material abrasion and then enhances durability and robustness. And the experimental results show that the TENG can maintain 99.2% electrical output after 100 000 operating cycles. With the optimized design, the prototype can continuously drive four commercial lamps rated 12 W in series. Furthermore, a wireless powering system is demonstrated to power the electronics, demonstrating an extensive application of the TENG. Given the compelling characteristics, this work is expected to provide a sound strategy for improving TENGs' output and durability in the field of self‐powered sensor systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Living with a high output stoma has the potential to alter a patient's quality of life (QOL). The supportive management by a team of experienced nurses, as well as the implementation of appropriate appliances, can likely help to improve stoma QOL scores in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Ileostomy is associated with various complications, often necessitating rehospitalization. High-output ileostomy is common and may lead to acute kidney injury (AKI). Here we describe the temporal pattern of readmission with AKI following ileostomy formation and identify risk factors. Methods: Patients that underwent formation of ileostomy between 2008 and 2021 were included in this study. Readmission with AKI with high output ileostomy was defined as readmission with serum creatinine > 1.5-fold compared to the level at discharge or latest baseline (at least stage-1 AKI according to Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcome (KDIGO) criteria), accompanied by ileostomy output > 1000 ml in 24 h. Patient characteristics and perioperative course were assessed to identify predictors for readmission with AKI. Results: Of 1191 patients who underwent ileostomy, 198 (16.6%) were readmitted with a high output stoma and AKI. The mean time to readmission with AKI was 98.97 ± 156.36 days. Eighty-six patients (43.4%) had early readmission (within 30 days), and 66 (33%) were readmitted after more than 90 days. Over 90% of patients had more than one readmission, and 110 patients (55%) had 5 or more. Patient-related predictors for readmission with AKI were age > 65, body mass index > 30 kg/m2, and hypertension. Factors related to the postoperative course were AKI with creatinine > 2 mg/dl, postoperative hemoglobin < 8 g/dl or blood transfusion, albumin < 20 g/dl, high output stoma and need for loperamide, and length of hospital stay > 20 days. Factors related to early versus late readmissions and multiple readmissions were also analyzed. Conclusions: Readmission with AKI following ileostomy formation is a consequential event with distinct risk factors. Acknowledging these risk factors is the foundation for designing interventions aiming to reduce frequency of AKI readmissions in predisposed patient populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the unique structure and properties, the 2D transition metal dichalcogenides attract extensive research interest. Especially, the 2D MoS2 film with high photoelectric response makes important research progress in the field of the photodetection and image sensing. However, at present, most of the 2D material image sensors are passive pixel structures, and the interfering noise of the external readout circuit can easily lead to a decrease in the actual detection rate of the sensors. Here, a microlithographic Y‐MoS2 photodetector, which integrates three identical MoS2 photosensitive units by micro‐lithographing a mono‐layer MoS2, is reported. Compared with the MoS2 photodetector with only one photosensitive unit, the Y‐MoS2 photodetector has the stronger output and anti‐noise ability. In the image sensing test, the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM) of output images are increased by ≈1.9 and 3 times, respectively. It provides a certain reference for the preparation of high‐output 2D material photodetectors by microlithography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Nutritional measures often suffice for managing high-output ileostomy (HOI) in paediatric patients, but pharmacological treatment may be required to control ostomy output. This paper reviews the literature on the pharmacological management of paediatric HOI and provides recommendations., Methods: PubMed and Embase were searched for relevant articles up to 22 May 2024. Relevant articles were reviewed and recommendations were formulated., Results: No pharmacological studies involving paediatric ileostomy patients were identified, apart from two case reports on octreotide. The formulated recommendations are therefore based on data from adults or other intestinal failure conditions. The primary treatment suggestions are proton pump inhibitors and loperamide. Subcutaneous octreotide can be administered when complications persist. Codeine may be used in rare cases in children over 12 years old, but addiction risk and side effects limit its use. There is no or insufficient evidence for smectite, racecadotril, probiotics or prophylactic cycled antibiotics or clonidine. Bile acid sequestrants are not indicated in patients without a colon in continuity., Conclusion: Pharmacological options for the treatment of HOI in children are limited and evidence for their use is lacking. Research in paediatric HOI patients is needed to validate the use of pharmacotherapy in this patient group., (© 2025 Foundation Acta Paediatrica. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

The scalable and durable electrosynthesis of high‐valued organonitrogen compounds from carbon‐ and nitrogen‐containing small molecules, especially operating at a high current density, is highly desirable. Here, a one‐pot electrooxidation method to synthesize formamide (HCONH2) from methanol and ammonia over a commercial boron‐doped diamond (BDD) catalyst is reported. The formamide selectivity from methanol and formamide Faradaic efficiency (FEHCONH2 ${{_{{\rm HCONH}{_{2}}}}}$) achieve 73.2 % and 41.2 % at the current density of 120 mA cm−2 with high durability. The C−N bond originates from the nucleophilic attack of ammonia on an aldehyde‐like intermediate. Impressively, an 8 L electrolyzer is employed for the pilot plant test over a 2200 cm2 BDD electrode, which exhibits 33.5 % FEHCONH2 ${{_{{\rm HCONH}{_{2}}}}}$ at 120 mA cm−2 (current: 264 A) with a yield rate of 36.9 g h−1, demonstrating the potential of this technique for large‐scale electrosynthesis of formamide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The scalable and durable electrosynthesis of high‐valued organonitrogen compounds from carbon‐ and nitrogen‐containing small molecules, especially operating at a high current density, is highly desirable. Here, a one‐pot electrooxidation method to synthesize formamide (HCONH2) from methanol and ammonia over a commercial boron‐doped diamond (BDD) catalyst is reported. The formamide selectivity from methanol and formamide Faradaic efficiency (FEHCONH2 ${{_{{\rm HCONH}{_{2}}}}}$) achieve 73.2 % and 41.2 % at the current density of 120 mA cm−2 with high durability. The C−N bond originates from the nucleophilic attack of ammonia on an aldehyde‐like intermediate. Impressively, an 8 L electrolyzer is employed for the pilot plant test over a 2200 cm2 BDD electrode, which exhibits 33.5 % FEHCONH2 ${{_{{\rm HCONH}{_{2}}}}}$ at 120 mA cm−2 (current: 264 A) with a yield rate of 36.9 g h−1, demonstrating the potential of this technique for large‐scale electrosynthesis of formamide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The scalable and durable electrosynthesis of high‐valued organonitrogen compounds from carbon‐ and nitrogen‐containing small molecules, especially operating at a high current density, is highly desirable. Here, a one‐pot electrooxidation method to synthesize formamide (HCONH2) from methanol and ammonia over a commercial boron‐doped diamond (BDD) catalyst is reported. The formamide selectivity from methanol and formamide Faradaic efficiency (FEHCONH2 ${{_{{\rm HCONH}{_{2}}}}}$) achieve 73.2 % and 41.2 % at the current density of 120 mA cm−2 with high durability. The C−N bond originates from the nucleophilic attack of ammonia on an aldehyde‐like intermediate. Impressively, an 8 L electrolyzer is employed for the pilot plant test over a 2200 cm2 BDD electrode, which exhibits 33.5 % FEHCONH2 ${{_{{\rm HCONH}{_{2}}}}}$ at 120 mA cm−2 (current: 264 A) with a yield rate of 36.9 g h−1, demonstrating the potential of this technique for large‐scale electrosynthesis of formamide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The scalable and durable electrosynthesis of high‐valued organonitrogen compounds from carbon‐ and nitrogen‐containing small molecules, especially operating at a high current density, is highly desirable. Here, a one‐pot electrooxidation method to synthesize formamide (HCONH2) from methanol and ammonia over a commercial boron‐doped diamond (BDD) catalyst is reported. The formamide selectivity from methanol and formamide Faradaic efficiency (FEHCONH2 ${{_{{\rm HCONH}{_{2}}}}}$) achieve 73.2 % and 41.2 % at the current density of 120 mA cm−2 with high durability. The C−N bond originates from the nucleophilic attack of ammonia on an aldehyde‐like intermediate. Impressively, an 8 L electrolyzer is employed for the pilot plant test over a 2200 cm2 BDD electrode, which exhibits 33.5 % FEHCONH2 ${{_{{\rm HCONH}{_{2}}}}}$ at 120 mA cm−2 (current: 264 A) with a yield rate of 36.9 g h−1, demonstrating the potential of this technique for large‐scale electrosynthesis of formamide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Construction of a diverting stoma can significantly reduce the onset of severe anastomotic leakage in patients with rectal cancer. High-output stoma is one of the most important potential surgical complications after anal function-preserving surgery with ileostomy. Culture-independent techniques have revealed the interaction of the complex intestinal bacterial ecology with various diseases. Our objective was to evaluate the differences in patient characteristics and gut microbiota distribution features in patients with high-output stomas. The cases of 24 consecutive patients who underwent curative resection for rectal cancer at our hospital between November 2016 and June 2018 were reviewed, and the patients were categorized into high-output and low-output groups. Their microbiota were analyzed using next-generation sequencing of ileostomy stool samples collected on postoperative day 7. There was a significant difference in the percentage of Bacteroidetes between the high-output and lowoutput groups (14.8% vs 0.5%; p=0.01). The percentage of Clostridium butyricum was increased in the low-output group (p=0.01). After the exclusion of those treated with the probiotic Miya-BM, whose principal component is C. butyricum, analyses revealed no significant differences between the high-output and low-output groups. This pilot study provides the first evidence correlating gut microbiota with the pathogenesis of high-output stoma compared with low-output stoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intercostal chest tube (ICD) management has been mostly determined by personal experience of surgeons and prevailing local practices rather than a scientifically validated protocol. This study was done to evaluate the impact of protocol-based management of chest tubes in patients undergoing elective thoracic surgeries. This was a prospective observational study conducted from June 2016 to March 2018 at a tertiary care hospital to study the impact of algorithmic management of chest tubes in patients undergoing non-pneumonectomy elective thoracic surgery. A preformed algorithm was followed in all the patients. Chest tube was removed if all the criteria for chest tube removal were met, i.e., stable patient, no air leak, drainage < 250 ml, and no (or small non-expanding) pneumothorax. Out of 122 patients recruited in study, 45.08% patients underwent operations for inflammatory lung and pleural conditions. ICD protocol could be followed in 101 patients, and 84 patients were discharged according to the protocol. Chest tube dwelling time and post-operative hospital stay were significantly less in patient in whom protocol was followed vis-a-vis those in whom it could not be followed. Reinsertions were significantly higher in patients in whom protocol could not be followed. No difference in readmissions and mortality was noted. Comparison with data before starting of the study revealed an early ICD removal, and discharge was possible in prospective patients. Protocol-based management in patients undergoing elective thoracic surgeries decreases the chest tube dwelling time and post-operative hospital stay without increasing morbidity and mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is an emerging approach for harvesting energy from the living environment. But its performance is limited by the maximum density of surface charges created by contact electrification. Here, by rationally designing a synchronous rotation structure, a charge pumping strategy is realized for the first time in a rotary sliding TENGs, which is demonstrated to enhance the charge density by a factor of 9, setting up a record for rotary TENGs. The average power is boosted by more than 15 times compared with normal TENGs, achieving an ultrahigh average power density of 1.66 kW m−3, under a low drive frequency of 2 Hz. Moreover, the charge pumping mechanism enables decoupling of bound charge generation and the severity of interfacial friction in the main TENG, allowing surface lubricants to be applied for suppressing abrasion and lowering heat generation. The adaptability of the strategy to rotation and sliding type TENGs in low‐frequency agitations provides a breakthrough to the bottleneck of power output for mechanical energy harvesting, and should have a great impact on high‐power TENG design and practical applications in various fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most frequent genetic haemoglobinopathy worldwide. Early childhood mortality has dramatically decreased in high-income countries, and most patients now survive beyond the 5th decade. However, in the aging SCD population, the morbidity related to chronic organ damage, especially kidney and heart, has become a major concern. While pulmonary hypertension has attracted most attention, it appears that this condition is frequently linked to left heart failure (HF). Accordingly, SCD-associated cardiomyopathy is emerging as a major cause of reduced quality of life and early mortality in these patients. The diagnosis of this particular phenotype of high-output HF is challenging. Exercise intolerance and dyspnoea in SCD patients are linked to multiple causes including chronic anaemia. Moreover, echocardiographic features are unusual and can be misinterpreted. The classical diagnosis algorithm for HF is generally not suitable in SCD patients, and HF is poorly recognized and mostly diagnosed at a late congestive stage in routine practice. Such patients need to be identified at an earlier stage of myocardial dysfunction via improved phenotyping. This constitutes the first step towards further investigations in SCD needed to improve the prognosis and the quality of life. This article provides an updated review of the recent advances in the pathophysiology and diagnosis, and in addition, perspectives of new therapeutic approaches in SCD-related cardiac manifestations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The characteristics and key technology of C80 and TC19i are introduced. It is pointed out that the 1. 5 m breadth is still adopted in C80 carding machine,while the cylinder diameter is bigger than those of the C60 and C70. The gauge between the cylinder and fixed flat is closer so as to strengthen carding. While the number of working flat is still 40,more additional fixed flats and the web cleaners are attached. Comparatively,the breadth of TC19i is 1. 28 m. It has big diameter cylinder,more opening,safer cylinder-flat gauge,more fixed flat and lowered doffer for controlling the air flow. The gauge between the cylinder and movable flat is closer so as to strengthen the carding. Though being high yield carding machines,either C80 or TC19i carding machine has the advantages of its own. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: Management of enterocutaneous fistulae is challenging, often requiring a multidisciplinary approach. In high output fistulae, surgery is advocated after control of sepsis, adequate fluid and electrolyte repletion, and nutritional support. Surgery may, however, be contraindicated in the presence of sepsis and malnutrition. The presence of HIV infection brings extra challenges. Management of enterocutaneous fistulae is challenging, often requiring a multidisciplinary approach. In high output fistulae, surgery is advocated after control of sepsis, adequate fluid and electrolyte repletion, and nutritional support. Surgery may, however, be contraindicated in the presence of sepsis and malnutrition. The presence of HIV infection brings extra challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: About 80% of enterocutaneous fistulas (ECF) occur as a complication of abdominal surgery, while 24% of operated patients with typhoid perforation and 90% of non-operated ones die. Uneven skin surface around ECFs do not allow pouch adherence and adhesive routinely slip due to sweat in our hot tropical climates. Frequent gauze dressing with adhesives, in high output fistula contributes to jeopardy of skin integration. Objective: A resort in managing a high output ECF from typhoid perforation in a seven year old girl with skin maceration, using improvised fistula drainage system for protective skin care, odour control and cost containment. Method: A simple balloon-coned fistula drainage system using a balloon and a soft conical cap found in some intravenous fluid non-collapsible container is used. It attaches well to uneven fistula stoma. Results: The device prevented fistula effluent leakage and further skin breakdown while enhancing healing of surrounding skin. It greatly minimizes odour and easy drainage estimation. Conclusion: The improvised drainage system is cost effective in containing skin maceration and healing of surrounding skin and ECF, resulting from closure of typhoid perforations. It apposed well to fistula stoma, diminishes odour but channelled meagre resources to nutrition and medication

Magnetic bearings (MBs) are useful for suspending the rotor shaft of a high-speed, high-output motor because they can do so without mechanical contact. In [2], we have proposed a three-axis active-control-type MB (3-axis AMB) with a cylindrical rotor whose diameter is equal to that of the rotor of a radial MB (RMB) or a motor. The proposed 3-axis AMB integrates an RMB and a thrust MB in one unit. However, the assembly of the conventional 3-axis AMB is complex, and the rotor iron loss is large. Thus, in order to simplify the assembly of the 3-axis AMB and to reduce rotor iron loss, this paper discusses a novel structure for the 3-axis AMB in which small auxiliary permanent magnets (PMs) are inserted in the radial winding slots. The suspension force and the rotor iron loss of the proposed device are evaluated by 3-D finite-element analysis in comparison with a 3-axis AMB without small auxiliary PMs. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare and complex congenital syndrome defined as the triad of cutaneous capillary malformation, bone and soft tissue hypertrophy, and venous and lymphatic malformations. KTS is thought to be due to a somatic mutation in phosphatidyl-inositol 3 kinase. It belongs to a group of syndromes termed the PI3CA-Related Overgrowth Spectrum (PROS) disorders. Because of the rarity and clinical heterogeneity of these disorders, management is patient specific, and best evidence guidelines are lacking. The most common clinical complications are thromboembolism, thrombophlebitis, pain, bleeding, and high-output heart failure. Surgery is recommended for hemangiomas and chronic venous insufficiency. The early identification of children with PROS disorders has allowed treatment with mTOR inhibitors which have been shown to be effective. The recent development of a direct PI3K inhibitor (alpelisib) has shown promise in preventing abnormal growth and long-term complications of KTS. This report documents a case of high-output heart failure due to the vascular malformations associated with KTS in a 57-year-old male patient and discusses current literature regarding the management of KTS with inhibitors of mTOR and PI3KCA., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2023, Gubala et al.)

Aims: Cell microarray (CMA) is a high-throughput scientific research tool, which has greatly accelerated many analyses based at the cellular level. However, there are few described methods for constructing CMAs. Here, we introduce a new, simple, high-output CMA method that is applicable to a broad range of cellular samples. Methods: In this method, a recipient block (length, 3.6 cm; width, 2.7 cm; depth, 2 cm) with 40 dot markers was moulded using a transparent plastic box. Adenocarcinoma cells were collected from malignant pleural effusions, cell cylinders were moulded with plastic piping and the cylinders were manually arrayed one by one into the corresponding location of the 60 °C pre-softened recipient block using the guide holes drilled with a steel needle. We constructed a 40-cylinder CMA to prove this method. The expression of cytokeratin 7 (CK7) in the CMA was examined to confirm antigen preservation and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation was screened for in five samples. Results: The CMA prepared by this method had well-defined array configurations, good cellular morphology and well-preserved proteins and DNA. A total of 1000 sections could be easily gained from this CMA block. Conclusions: This simple and low-cost method provides a novel way of preparing a high-output CMA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Not every person with a stoma will develop problems or even feel that he or she is unable to manage a stoma independently. However, for the individual who does experience problems and struggles to cope, the stoma nurse is pivotal in providing resources and product experience. He or she can enable the ostomate to adapt to the stoma and maintain their quality of life. This article provides an overview of a solidifying agent and case studies illustrating how it can be used to help patients achieve independence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

novel arc-shaped piezoelectric generator based on flexible PVDF thin film is presented and systemically studied. With a periodical external force, the generator can produce peak voltage of 45.6 V and peak power of 30.7 μW. The maximum power density reaches 38.4 μW/cm with a 4 cm × 2 cm × 100 μm device, at the optimum load resistance of 33.33 MOhm. The influence of frequency, size dimension and load resistance are investigated through experimental measurements. With this high output arc-shaped generator, capacitors can be effectively charged and three commercial LEDs have been directly lighted without any energy storage unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Tissue microarray (TMA) is a high throughput research tool, which has greatly facilitated and accelerated in situ tissue analyses. However, its productivity has been restricted due to the confined thickness of traditional donor block. Here, we introduce an improved high output TMA method that is applicable to a broader range of tissue samples. Methods: In this method, a 3.6 cm long and 2.7 cm wide recipient block with 88 square lattices (3 mm in width) was first prepared using several commercial instruments. A 2 mm wide and 6 mm long tissue rod was then prepared using a self-made blade-shaped knife from each paraffin embedded donor block of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. These rods were manually arrayed one by one into the corresponding lattices of the 60°C pre-softened recipient block with the guide of holes drilled with a steel needle. A 70-rod TMA was made to testify this method. Results: The prepared TMA had well defined array configurations, good tissue morphology and fully preserved proteins and DNA. A total of 500-1000 TMA sections could be easily obtained from a TMA block. Conclusion: This low-cost and time-saving method provides an alternative sampling tool for high output TMA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enterocutaneous fistula is an abnormal communication between epithelial lined lumen of GI tract & epithelium of an adjacent viscous or skin. Objectives: To find out role of octreotide in the management of high enterocutaneous fistula. Design: Case study. Setting: Department of Surgery Unit-II Punjab Medical College & A & E Department of Jinnah Hospital /AIMC Lahore. Period: From Jan 2007 to Dec 2008. Patients & Methods: 479 laparotomies were carried out due to trauma. Out of these 21 i.e. 4.38% developed high out put enterocutaneous fistula. All patients were put on similar conservative management including, TPN, antibiotics, fluid electrolyte replacement and stoma care. Results: Patients were split into two groups alternatively. There were no statistical difference between the study groups with regard to the age (p-value=0.515). Group I contains 11 patients (octreotide) received additionally 100mg octreotide S/C 8 hourly, showed decrease of volume from 680 to 150ml within 10 days. Spontaneous closure was observed in 8(72.72%) patient & surgery was required in 2(18.18%) patients. Death was 1(9.09%). In Group II remaining 10 patients(without octreotide), fistula discharge volume decreased form 650mg to 150ml in 20 days. Spontaneous closure was noted in 5(50%) cases. Surgery was required in 3(30%), while death rate was 2(20%).Conclusions: It is concluded that Octreotide, an analogue of somatostatin with longer half life is effective in treatment of high output fistula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A novel rotary electrospinning spinneret is introduced. • Bimodal distribution sub-micro fiber yield can be easily optimized by using quadratic general rotary unitized design. • The correlation between fiber morphology and process parameters is analyzed. • Rotary electrospinning spinneret is a cost-effective method for high throughput manufacturing of bimodal distribution sub-micro fibers. Needleless electrospinning technology is an effective method for preparing large-scale nanofibers. In the present work, we developed a multi-hole curved surface rotary spinneret to fabricate sub-micro fibrous membrane with bimodal distribution structure. First, a finite element method was adopted to investigate electric potential and electric field strength of the spinneret; the formation of coarser and finer jets has been explained from the perspective of electric field. Then, the effects of solution concentration, applied voltage and spinneret rotation speed on the bimodal distribution fibers yield were optimized via quadratic general rotary unitized design (QGRUD). Lastly, the fiber diameter distribution and the mechanical properties of sub-micro fibrous membranes were characterized. The results suggested that the bimodal distribution sub-micro fibrous membranes exhibited excellent breaking strength and tensile modulus. This novel multi-hole curved surface rotary spinneret is promising for the high-output fabrication of sub-micro fibers with bimodal distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A design method is described for a high-efficiency FET amplifier. First, a method is proposed to derive an optimum toad impedance for the second harmonic and the fundamental waves by means of the second harmonic injection load-pull method and the fundamental wave load-pull method. Then, to realize the resulting load impedance, & small harmonic terminating circuit is studied which consists of a short phase-adjustment transmission line and a second harmonic parallel resonant circuit made of lumped elements. Also, a method is shown for determining the FET gate width for each stage to maximize the efficiency of the multistage amplifier including the driver stages. The UHF monolithic four-stage FET amplifier fabricated using this design method has exhibited a saturated output power of 31 dBm and a maximum drain efficiency of 63 percent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OWR is a genetic disease, transmitted as an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by arteriovenous malformations pre-dominantly involving the mucocutaneous epithelium. One of the significant complications is the development of arteriovenous fistulas in different organs like the liver and brain. One of the rarest complications of this arteriovenous conduit is a high-output heart failure. We would like to describe a 66 years old woman who was admitted with a high-output cardiac failure who deteriorated clinically and was treated successfully by conservative management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increased use of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) has shown that enhancement of the output performance is a primary requirement for their development. Here, a synergistic enhancement via dielectric and dispersity modulation in nanoscale is reported for a novel barium titanate-doped coaxial nanofiber-based triboelectric nanogenerator (BTCN-TENG). Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and barium titanate nanoparticles (BT NPs) are combined as the core of the coaxial nanofiber instead of conventional composite film by in situ curing during electrospinning process, and BT NPs incorporated in the PDMS core layer are shown to effectively increase the dielectric constant of the composite nanofiber mat as well as the output performance of the BTCN-TENG. Furthermore, an improved dispersity of BT NPs in the PDMS core layer compared to that achieved in the poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) shell layer was found to contribute significantly to the output performance of the BTCN-TNEG. The optimized BTCN-TENG exhibits a high output voltage of 1020 V, a current of 29 μA, and a maximum power density of 2.2 W/m2 under a 30 MΩ load resistance. In power supply application, the BTCN-TENG could successfully drive various electronic devices via mechanical energy conversion. A barium titanate-doped coaxial nanofiber-based triboelectric nanogenerator (BTCN-TENG) is designed where polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and barium titanate nanoparticles (BT NPs) are combined as the core of the coaxial nanofiber instead of conventional composite film by in situ curing during electrospinning process. A strategy for enhancing output performance of TENG by dielectric and dispersity synergistic modulation in nanoscale is provided. Image 1 • A barium titanate-doped coaxial nanofiber-based triboelectric nanogenerator (BTCN-TENG) is designed via a facile process. • PDMS and BT NPs are combined as the core of the coaxial nanofiber by in situ curing during electrospinning process. • A strategy for enhancing output performance of TENG by dielectric and dispersity synergistic modulation is provided. • The optimized BTCN-TENG with high output performance is well adapted for powering various electronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Free-standing rotary triboelectric nanogenerators (rTENG) can accomplish special tasks which require both high voltage and high frequency. However, the reported high performance rTENG all have complex structures for output enhancement. In this work, an ultra-simple strategy to build high performance rTENG is developed. With only one small paper strip added to the conventional structure, the output of the TENG is promoted hugely. The voltage is triplicated to 2.3 kV, and the current and charge are quintupled to 133 µA and 197 nC, respectively. The small paper strip, with the merits of ultra-simplicity, wide availability, easy accessibility and low cost, functions as a super-effective charge supplement. This simple and delicate structure enables ultra-high durability with the 2.3 kV voltage output 100% maintained after 1 000 000 cycles. This charge supplementary strategy is universally effective for many other materials, and decouples the output enhancement from any friction or contact on the metal electrodes, emphasizing a critical working principle for the rTENG. Atmospheric cold plasma is generated using the paper strip rTENG (ps-rTENG), which demonstrates strong ability to do bacteria sterilization. This simple and persistent charge supplementary strategy can be easily adopted by other designs to promote the output even further., (© 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Hypothesis: It is possible to generate fairly monodisperse liquid foams by a dispersion cell, which was originally designed for the generation of fairly monodisperse emulsions. If this is the case, scaling-up the production of monodisperse liquid and solid foams will be no longer a problem., Experiments: We used the dispersion cell - a batch process - and examined the influence of stirrer speed, membrane pore diameter and injection rate on the structure of the resulting liquid foams. We used an aqueous surfactant solution as scouting system. Once the experimental conditions were known we generated gelatin-based liquid foams and methacrylate-based foamed emulsions., Findings: We found that (a) the bubble size of the generated liquid foams can be adjusted by varying the membrane pore diameter, (b) no stirrer should be used to obtain monodisperse foams, and (c) the bubble size is not influenced by the air injection rate. Since (i) the output for all investigated systems is up to two orders of magnitude larger compared to microfluidics and (ii) the membrane technology can very easily be scaled-up if run in a continuous process, the use of membrane foaming is expected to be heavily used for the generation of monodisperse liquid and solid foams, respectively., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

We report herein the successful surgical treatment of a patient with high-output cardiac failure which developed from a high-flow hemodialysis arteriovenous fistula of the Brescia-Cimino type. Banding correction of the venous limb of the fistula with a woven Dacron prosthesis resulted in marked improvement of the cardiac failure. An ultrasonic study showed the fistula flow of 3.21/min to be as high as 40% of the resting cardiac output, or 5.01/min, before banding, while an intraoperative electromagnetic study was useful for controlling the degree of banding and showing the decrease of fistula flow from 3.71/min to 1.41/min. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-performance transparent and flexible triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) based on graphene composite electrodes via surface engineering are proposed and demonstrated. Through modifying the CVD-grown graphene with the conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy-thiophene):polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), composite electrodes with excellent optoelectronic performances were fabricated, which exhibited a high transmittance up to 83.5% and sheet resistance of 85 Ω/□, decreasing from the initial value of 725 Ω/□. As a consequence, the output current density and power of the corresponding TENG were enhanced by 140% to 2.4 μA/cm 2 and by 118% to 12 μW, respectively, comparing with the counterpart composed of the pristine graphene electrodes. Furthermore, the composite electrode exhibited an outstanding durability of the physical and electrical characteristics after 10 000 bending cycles and can be readily extended to a large area up to 100 cm 2 . Such flexible, transparent, stable TENGs pave the way for the application of self-powered body sensors due to their unique characteristics, such as portability, wearability, and human compatibility.