43 results on '"Hosozawa M"'
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2. Protective role of school climate for impacts of COVID-19 on depressive symptoms and psychotic experiences among adolescents: a population-based cohort study.
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Yamaguchi S, DeVylder J, Yamasaki S, Ando S, Miyashita M, Hosozawa M, Baba K, Niimura J, Nakajima N, Usami S, Kasai K, Hiraiwa-Hasegawa M, and Nishida A
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Background: Schools are central places for adolescent social lives, which is a major factor greatly affecting adolescent mental health; school climate (i.e. quality of the school social environments) can be a proximal social determinant for adolescent mental health. Supportive school environments may serve as a protective factor during crises like COVID-19, which disrupt social lives and worsen adolescent mental health. This is the first study examining whether the pandemic effects differed based on the levels of school climate on depressive symptoms (DS) and psychotic experiences (PEs) among adolescents., Methods: School climate (score range: 0-28), DS (0-26), and PEs (0-5) were self-reported in a population-based cohort (Tokyo Teen Cohort; N = 3171) at four timepoints (10y, 12y, 14y, and 16y) before and during COVID-19. COVID-19 occurred midway through the 16y survey, allowing us to examine its impact and interaction effect with school climate while accounting for within-person changes over time using mixed-effects models., Results: Significant interaction effects were found on DS (unstandardized coefficient [ B ] = -0.166, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.225 to -0.107) and PEs ( B = -0.020, 95% CI -0.028 to -0.012). The pandemic effects were not significant for adolescents with high school climate scores (around the 80th percentile or higher), although the pandemic significantly worsened these outcomes among the overall sample., Conclusions: The negative mental health effects of the pandemic were significantly mitigated among adolescents experiencing a supportive school climate. A positive school climate can protect adolescent mental health during challenging social conditions, such as pandemics.
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- 2024
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3. Association of Problematic Internet Use With Psychotic Experiences and Depression in Adolescents: A Cohort Study.
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Narita Z, Ando S, Yamasaki S, Miyashita M, DeVylder J, Yamaguchi S, Hosozawa M, Nakanishi M, Hiraiwa-Hasegawa M, Furukawa TA, Kasai K, and Nishida A
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- Humans, Adolescent, Male, Female, Child, Longitudinal Studies, Adolescent Behavior, Cohort Studies, Tokyo epidemiology, Psychotic Disorders epidemiology, Depression epidemiology, Internet Addiction Disorder epidemiology
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Background and Hypothesis: Problematic internet use (PIU) is prevalent among adolescents. Past research suggested cross-sectional associations between PIU and psychotic experiences, but little information is available on the longitudinal association. We hypothesized that PIU in adolescence may be longitudinally associated with psychotic experiences, adjusting for confounders., Study Design: We analyzed a random sample of adolescents in the Tokyo Teen Cohort to examine how PIU at ages 10 (2012-2015), 12 (2014-2017), and 16 (2019-2021) was associated with mental health issues at age 16. PIU was evaluated by the modified Compulsive Internet Use Scale, psychotic experiences by the Adolescent Psychotic-like Symptom Screener, and depression by the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire. We also examined the mediating role of social withdrawal., Study Results: We analyzed 3171 adolescents; 151 reported psychotic experiences and 327 reported depression at age 16. Compared with the lowest tertile PIU group, the highest tertile PIU group at age 12 showed an increased adjusted risk of psychotic experiences (RD 3.3%, 95% CI 2.9%-3.7%; RR 1.65, 95% CI 1.55-1.73) and depression (RD 5.9%, 95% CI 5.5%-6.3%; RR 1.61, 95% CI 1.55-1.68) at age 16. PIU at age 16 showed analogous results, while PIU at age 10 suggested a smaller impact. Social withdrawal mediated 9.4%-29.0% of the association between PIU and psychotic experiences., Conclusions: PIU is longitudinally associated with psychotic experiences and depression in adolescents. Further longitudinal and intervention studies are warranted to provide robust public health implications and foster a safer digital future., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.)
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- 2024
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4. Booster vaccination and post COVID-19 condition during the Omicron variant-dominant wave: A large population-based study.
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Iba A, Hosozawa M, Hori M, Muto Y, Kihara T, Muraki I, Masuda R, Tamiya N, and Iso H
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Objectives: The effect of the COVID-19 booster vaccination and the long-term consequences concerning preventing post COVID-19 condition (PCC) remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the association of COVID-19 booster vaccination dose and vaccination timing before infection with the risk of PCC during the Omicron variant-dominant wave., Methods: This population-based study included confirmed COVID-19 patients (extracted from the Health Center Real-time Information-sharing System) aged 20-69 years, who were infected between July 1 and August 31, 2022. We used a self-report questionnaire to evaluate PCC and extracted information on vaccination from the municipal vaccine registry system. We calculated multiple propensity scores for COVID-19 vaccination status (unvaccinated, 1-2 doses, ≥3 doses) to control for baseline population differences. We then used a logistic regression model with inverse probability weighting to analyse the associations between the number of vaccine doses and the risk of PCC. Additionally, we conducted stratified analysis by gender and subgroup analysis for respiratory and neurological symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyse the association between vaccination timing and PCC risk, adjusting for vaccination doses., Results: Of the 7,936 participants with COVID-19 (mean age 42.9 years, 4,553 women), 940 (11.8%) had at least one PCC. Compared with people unvaccinated, those vaccinated ≥3 times before the infection had a lower probability of PCC with the odds ratio (OR) of 0.70 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53-0.90), although we detected no association with one or two doses. This association was present in women (≥3 doses vs. unvaccinated OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.51-0.95) but not in men. Those vaccinated ≥3 times had fewer neurological symptoms compared to those unvaccinated (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.45-0.83); however, no significant association was found for respiratory symptoms., Conclusions: This study suggests that booster vaccination could lower the risk of PCC., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest All authors do not have any conflict of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2024 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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5. Risk Factors for Long-Term Nutritional Disorders One Year After COVID-19: A Post Hoc Analysis of COVID-19 Recovery Study II.
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Kawabata K, Nakamura K, Kanda N, Hemmi M, Suganuma S, Muto Y, Iba A, Hori M, Hosozawa M, and Iso H
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- Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Aged, Nutrition Disorders etiology, Adult, Nutritional Status, Body Mass Index, Hospitalization, Time Factors, COVID-19 complications, SARS-CoV-2, Malnutrition etiology, Malnutrition epidemiology
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Background/Objectives : COVID-19 patients develop various clinical symptoms, including malnutrition. However, the risk factors for long-term nutritional disorders remain unclear. Identifying these factors is crucial for preventing nutritional disorders by initiating early nutritional interventions. Methods : This was a post hoc analysis of COVID-19 Recovery Study II (CORESII). The study included adult patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and discharged from the hospital. Information, including post-COVID-19 symptoms one month after onset and changes in daily life during the first year, was collected using a self-administered questionnaire sent one year after hospital discharge. We examined the association between baseline characteristics, disease severity, and symptoms that persisted one month after onset with malnutrition disorders one year after onset, defined as a Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool score ≥1, using a logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 1081 patients (mean age of 56.0 years; 34% females; 38% admitted to the intensive care unit) were analyzed. Of these patients, 266 patients (24.6%) had malnutrition one year after onset. In a multivariable logistic regression analysis using variables that were significant in a univariate logistic regression analysis, the following factors were independently associated with malnutrition: BMI < 18.5 kg/m
2 (odds ratio [95% confidence interval (CI)], 48.9 [14.3-168]), 18.5 ≤ BMI ≤ 20 (10.5 [5.89-18.8]), 30 < BMI (2.64 [1.84-3.75]), length of hospital stay (1.01 [1.00-1.02]), maintenance dialysis (3.19 [1.19-8.61]), and difficulty concentrating one month after onset (1.73 [1.07-2.79]). Conclusions : Being underweight or obese, prolonged hospitalization, maintenance dialysis, and difficulty concentrating one month after onset were associated with a risk of malnutrition one year post-illness. Patients with these factors may be at a high risk of long-term nutritional disorders.- Published
- 2024
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6. The Association Between COVID-19-related Discrimination and Probable Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Among Patients With COVID-19 in Sapporo, Japan.
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Kurotori I, Asakura TR, Kimura T, Hori M, Hosozawa M, Saijo M, Iso H, and Tamakoshi A
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- Humans, Japan epidemiology, Male, Female, Cross-Sectional Studies, Middle Aged, Adult, Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Prevalence, Young Adult, Social Discrimination psychology, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 psychology, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic epidemiology, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic psychology
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Background: Disasters such as earthquakes, terrorism, and pandemics have triggered post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and discrimination against the affected individuals has been linked to the development of PTSD. However, there is limited evidence regarding the association between discrimination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and probable PTSD in Japan., Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study utilizing a web-based questionnaire targeting individuals who had contracted the severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in Sapporo City. A total of 4,247 individuals with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection spanning from February 2020 to February 2022 completed the questionnaire (response rate: 15.9%). Probable PTSD was measured using the three-item Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale. The stratified exact logistic regression was applied to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) of probable PTSD for COVID-19-related discrimination with adjusted factors., Results: This study included 3,626 patients who had a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among them, 321 patients (8.9%) experienced COVID-19-related discrimination. The prevalence of probable PTSD was 19.6% (63/321) among the patients who experienced COVID-19-related discrimination, and 4.6% (152/3,305) among those who had not encountered such discrimination. The adjusted OR of COVID-19-related discrimination for probable PTSD was 4.68 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.36-6.53). The population attributable fraction of probable PTSD attributable to COVID-19-related discrimination among COVID-19 patients was estimated to be 23.4% (95% CI, 21.5-25.3%)., Conclusion: The comprehensive epidemiological survey of COVID-19 patients in Japan showed that COVID-19-related discrimination was associated with a higher prevalence of probable PTSD. Mitigating discrimination could be helpful to attenuate PTSD in future pandemics.
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- 2024
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7. Impact of access to coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention on in-hospital and five-year mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a propensity-matched cohort study in Thailand.
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Kumwichar P, Thungthong J, Liabsuetrakul T, Tachimori H, Hosozawa M, Saito E, Taniguchi Y, Chongsuvivatwong V, and Iso H
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- Humans, Thailand, Female, Male, Middle Aged, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Cohort Studies, ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction mortality, ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction therapy, Health Services Accessibility statistics & numerical data, Adult, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention statistics & numerical data, Acute Coronary Syndrome mortality, Acute Coronary Syndrome therapy, Acute Coronary Syndrome surgery, Propensity Score, Coronary Angiography statistics & numerical data, Hospital Mortality
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Background: Coronary artery angiography (CAG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are superior to non-invasive approaches in reducing mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, their efficacy remains uncertain in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS) and limited in low-resource settings. This study aimed to compare in-hospital and 5-year mortality rates between patients with a first event of STEMI and NSTE-ACS who underwent CAG and PCI and those with similar severity who did not undergo CAG and PCI., Methods: A propensity-matched retrospective cohort study was conducted using population-based claims data of national universal coverage of Thailand for identification of patients with acute coronary syndromes. The mortality of recruited patients was additionally linked to the national database of vital registration. Patients aged ≥ 40 years who were hospitalized for STEMI and NSTE-ACS in 2017, with a focus on access to CAG and PCI were included. For each condition either STEMI or NSTE-ACS, patients who underwent CAG and PCI were matched to those who did not undergo using propensity score matching (PSM) to balance measured confounders, such as age, sex, and underlying conditions. In-hospital mortality rate ratio and 5-year mortality were analyzed as measures., Results: Through PSM, 2,702 non-intervention STEMI patients were paired with an equal number of intervention patients, and similarly, 5,072 non-intervention NSTE-ACS patients were matched with an equivalent group who received interventions. For patients with STEMI, the in-hospital mortality rate ratio (95% confidence interval (CI)) for those who underwent CAG and PCI compared to those who did not was 30.1% (30.0%, 30.2%). Similar trends were observed in patients with NSTE-ACS with a mortality rate of 34.7% (34.6%, 34.8%). For the five-year mortality comparison, the hazard ratios (95% CI) of mortality after discharge were 0.55 (0.50, 0.62) for STEMI and 0.57 (0.54, 0.61) for NSTE-ACS cases., Conclusions: Access to CAG and PCI was significantly associated with lower in-hospital and 5-year mortality rates in patients who experienced their first event of ACS, despite the limited availability of some unmeasured or residual confounders. Healthcare systems should expand their resources for CAG and PCI in Thailand and other countries to equitably enhance longevity., Competing Interests: Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate Patient data were encrypted and deidentified for personalized anonymization, according to the Thai Personal Data Protection Act 2019, Thailand. Data were obtained from the NHSO with project approval granted by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University (REC No. 64-584-18-1). Informed consent was not required as the data obtained did not identify any individuals. Competing interests We have no conflicts of interest to declare., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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8. Impact of Nutritional Therapy during Intensive Care Unit Admission on Post-Intensive Care Syndrome in Patients with COVID-19.
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Suganuma S, Nakamura K, Kato H, Hemmi M, Kawabata K, Hosozawa M, Muto Y, Hori M, Iba A, Asahi T, Kawauchi A, Fujitani S, Hatakeyama J, Oshima T, Ota K, Kamijo H, and Iso H
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Introduction: Nutritional therapy is an important component of intensive care. We investigated the associations of nutritional therapy in the acute phase of severe COVID-19 with the long-term outcomes of post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) and post-COVID-19 conditions., Methods: A questionnaire on the health status after COVID-19 was sent to patients 1 year after infection and PICS was evaluated. Total energy and protein intakes during the first week after admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) were calculated. The primary endpoint was a decrease in quality of life (QOL) defined by EuroQol5-dimensions 5-level (EQ5D5L) <0.8. A multivariable regression analysis was used to examine., Results: A total of 220 ICU patients were included in this study. Median total energy and protein intakes were 65.1 kcal/kg/week and 3.3 g/kg/week, respectively. Total energy and protein intakes were associated with EQ5D5L scores (energy: unit odds ratio 0.98 [0.97-0.99], p value <0.01; protein: unit odds ratio 0.72 [0.59-0.87], p value <0.01). Insufficient total energy and protein intakes were associated with malaise, arthralgia, myalgia, palpitations, sleep disturbance, and muscle weakness., Conclusions: Poor nutrition during the first week after ICU admission was associated with a decreased QOL 1 year after. These nutrition shortages were also associated with an increased risk of developing PICS, post-COVID-19 conditions, which may contribute to decreased QOL., (© 2024 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.)
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- 2024
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9. [Adolescent Mental Health during and beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic].
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Hosozawa M
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- Humans, Adolescent, SARS-CoV-2, Japan epidemiology, Male, Suicide statistics & numerical data, Suicide psychology, Female, Mental Disorders epidemiology, COVID-19 epidemiology, Mental Health, Pandemics
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During the COVID-19 pandemic, deterioration of adolescent mental health was observed worldwide. In Japan, the impact of COVID-19 on adolescent mental health was more severe among boys than girls and in the later phases of the pandemic. An increased number of adolescent suicides was also reported. In this paper, I outline possible reasons for the observed phenomenon and conclude that continuous monitoring and interventions to promote help-seeking among adolescents are required.
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- 2025
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10. Risk factors for post-coronavirus disease condition in the Alpha-, Delta-, and Omicron-dominant waves among adults in Japan: A population-based matched case-control study.
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Hori M, Hayama-Terada M, Kitamura A, Hosozawa M, Muto Y, Iba A, Takayama Y, Kimura T, and Iso H
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- Humans, Middle Aged, Adult, Female, Male, Case-Control Studies, Japan epidemiology, Risk Factors, Aged, Young Adult, Adolescent, COVID-19 Vaccines administration & dosage, Vaccination statistics & numerical data, Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome, Registries, COVID-19 epidemiology, SARS-CoV-2 immunology
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Vaccination is associated with a reduced risk of post-coronavirus disease (COVID-19) condition (PCC). Here, risk factors including vaccination for PCC in the Omicron-dominant waves among Japanese adults were investigated. This was a registry-based matched case-control study of individuals aged 18-79 years diagnosed with COVID-19 registered in a National database between March 2021 and April 2022 and matched noninfected individuals living in Yao City, Japan. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess persistent symptoms and their risk factors. The COVID-19 vaccination status was obtained from the Vaccination Registry. PCC risk factors were analyzed using logistic regression after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Overall, 4185 infected (cases) and 3382 noninfected (controls) individuals were included in the analysis. The mean ages and proportions of women were 44.7 years and 60.2% and 45.5 years and 60.7% for cases and controls, respectively. A total of 3805 (90.9%) participants had asymptomatic or mild acute symptoms at the median (range) follow-up of 271 (185-605) days. The prevalence of PCC was 15.0% for cases while that of persistent symptoms was 4.4% for controls; among the cases, it was 27.0% in the Alpha- and Delta-dominant waves and 12.8% in the Omicron-dominant wave. Female sex, comorbidities, and hospitalization were positively associated with PCC. One or more vaccine doses of vaccination were inversely associated with PCC; the inverse association was stronger in the Alpha- and Delta-dominant waves (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.29, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.12-0.73) than in the Omicron-dominant wave (aOR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.59-1.07)., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
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- 2024
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11. Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Post-COVID-19 Condition during Omicron BA.5-Dominant Wave, Japan.
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Iba A, Hosozawa M, Hori M, Muto Y, Muraki I, Masuda R, Tamiya N, and Iso H
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- Humans, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Japan epidemiology, Adult, Risk Factors, Aged, Prevalence, Young Adult, Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome, Case-Control Studies, COVID-19 epidemiology, SARS-CoV-2
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The increased risk for post-COVID-19 condition after the Omicron-dominant wave remains unclear. This population-based study included 25,911 persons in Japan 20-69 years of age with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection enrolled in the established registry system during July-August 2022 and 25,911 age- and sex-matched noninfected controls who used a self-reported questionnaire in January-February 2023. We compared prevalence and age- and sex-adjusted odds ratios of persistent COVID-19 symptoms (lasting ≥2 months). We evaluated factors associated with post-COVID-19 condition by comparing cases with and without post-COVID-19 condition. We analyzed 14,710 (8,392 cases and 6,318 controls) of 18,183 respondents. Post-COVID-19 condition proportion among cases was 11.8%, higher by 6.3% than 5.5% persistent symptoms among controls. Female sex, underlying medical conditions, mild to moderate acute COVID-19, and vaccination were associated with post-COVID-19 condition. Approximately 12% had post-COVID-19 condition during the Omicron-dominant wave, indicating the need for longer follow-up.
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- 2024
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12. The healthy context paradox: a cross-country analysis of the association between bullying victimisation and adolescent mental health.
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Odigie T, Elsden E, Hosozawa M, Patalay P, and Pingault JB
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Bullying victimisation is an increasing global health problem among adolescents and is associated with short- and long-term adverse mental health outcomes. Investigating whether associations with mental health vary across national contexts and why, can provide insights into mechanisms underlying those associations and inform policy. We used data from 479,685 adolescents participating in the 2018 Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) cross-sectional survey and examined whether the associations between bullying victimisation, psychological distress and life satisfaction vary across 63 countries. We further tested the modifying role of country-level factors - bullying prevalence, income inequality and national wealth, by implementing multilevel cross-country analyses. We found significant associations between bullying victimisation, increased psychological distress (β = 0.181; 95%CI: 0.178, 0.184) and decreased life satisfaction (β = -0.158; 95%CI: -0.162, -0.155). Associations between bullying victimisation, psychological distress and life satisfaction among adolescents were consistent across countries in terms of direction but effect sizes varied substantially. The effects ranged from β = 0.08 in the Philippines to β = 0.40 in South Korea for psychological distress and from β = -0.05 in the Philippines to β = -0.36 in the United Kingdom for life satisfaction. In addition, consistent with the "healthy context paradox" effect, associations between bullying and mental health were larger in countries where the prevalence of bullying was lower, as well as in higher-income countries. Interventions aiming to reduce bullying victimisation should aim to provide additional targeted support for those who still experience bullying after the intervention., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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13. Prevalence and risk factors of post-coronavirus disease 2019 condition among children and adolescents in Japan: A matched case-control study in the general population.
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Hosozawa M, Hori M, Hayama-Terada M, Arisa I, Muto Y, Kitamura A, Takayama Y, and Iso H
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- Humans, Female, Child, Male, Case-Control Studies, Risk Factors, Adolescent, Japan epidemiology, Prevalence, Child, Preschool, COVID-19 Vaccines administration & dosage, Vaccination, Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome, COVID-19 epidemiology, SARS-CoV-2
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Objectives: To examine prevalence and risk factors for post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) in a paediatric population., Methods: The study included patients aged 5-17 years with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection between 1 March 2021 and 30 April 2022 and matched non-infected controls from Yao City, Japan. We compared parent-reported symptoms persisting ≥2 months (present at 3 months post-infection for patients) between the groups. COVID-19 vaccination data was obtained from the Vaccination Registry., Results: Among 8167 invited individuals, 3141 (1800 cases, mean age: 10.4 years, 46.1% females; 1341 controls, mean age 10.5 years, 47.1% females) participated. Patients had elapsed average 273 (185-605) days from infection, and 1708 (94.9%) experienced mild acute symptoms. Patients had higher odds of having persistent symptoms than did controls (6.3% vs 2.2%, adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 3.15, 95% confidence interval: 2.08-4.77), with 53.6% of them reporting current disruption due to the symptoms. Older age, low household income, pre-existing allergy, and autonomic nervous system disease were associated with increased risks of developing PCC; two prior vaccination doses reduced these risks (aOR: 0.53, 0.29-0.96)., Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 infection, including omicron infections heighten persistent symptom risk in the paediatric population, necessitating preventive strategies, notably vaccination., Competing Interests: Declarations of competing interest The authors have no competing interests to declare., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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14. Adolescent psychotic experiences before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a prospective cohort study.
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DeVylder J, Yamaguchi S, Hosozawa M, Yamasaki S, Ando S, Miyashita M, Endo K, Stanyon D, Usami S, Kanata S, Tanaka R, Minami R, Hiraiwa-Hasegawa M, Kasai K, and Nishida A
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- Humans, Adolescent, Male, Female, Child, Prospective Studies, Tokyo epidemiology, Sex Factors, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 psychology, Psychotic Disorders epidemiology, Psychotic Disorders etiology
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Background: Understanding the etiology of psychosis is essential to the development of preventive interventions. The COVID-19 pandemic provides a rare natural experiment that can expand our understanding of the role of social factors in the trajectories and etiology of psychosis across adolescence, particularly in Tokyo where the prevalence of actual COVID-19 infection remained low. We hypothesized that the likelihood of self-reporting psychotic experiences (PEs) would increase following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic., Methods: The Tokyo Teen Cohort (TTC) is a prospective cohort study of adolescents in the general population of the Tokyo metropolitan area, followed from age 10 to 16 years. We used multi-level linear regression models to test the associations between the phase of the COVID-19 pandemic and self-reported PEs., Results: Among 1935 adolescents included in the analysis, a rapid increase in PEs occurred at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, following approximately 6 years of steady decline across prior waves. This association was more pronounced for boys compared to girls. This increase became more pronounced as the pandemic moved into later phases, defined based on contemporaneous sociopolitical changes in Tokyo (i.e. changes to school closure, social distancing guidelines, and the state of emergency status)., Conclusions: The steady decline in PEs across adolescence was halted and reversed concurrent with the COVID-19 pandemic onset, despite very low rates of COVID-19 infection. This implicates COVID-19 related socioenvironmental factors as contributory etiological factors in the development of PEs in this adolescent cohort., (© 2023 Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health.)
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- 2024
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15. Sex Differences in Adolescent Depression Trajectory Before and Into the Second Year of COVID-19 Pandemic.
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Hosozawa M, Ando S, Yamaguchi S, Yamasaki S, DeVylder J, Miyashita M, Endo K, Stanyon D, Knowles G, Nakanishi M, Usami S, Iso H, Furukawa TA, Hiraiwa-Hasegawa M, Kasai K, and Nishida A
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- Humans, Adolescent, Male, Female, Longitudinal Studies, Sex Factors, Japan epidemiology, Surveys and Questionnaires, SARS-CoV-2, Pandemics, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 psychology, Depression epidemiology
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Objective: Evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent mental health is mixed and does not disentangle natural age-related changes. We compared depressive symptoms among 16-year-olds surveyed, at a fourth wave, before or during the pandemic, while accounting for expected trajectories of within-person change based on 3 prior waves., Method: In this longitudinal cohort of 3,171 adolescents in Tokyo, Japan, adolescents were grouped based on their age 16 survey timing: pre-pandemic (February 2019 to February 2020) and during-pandemic (March 2020 to September 2021). Depressive symptoms were self-reported using the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire. Mixed-effect models were fitted to assess group differences while controlling for previous trends. Variations by sex, household income, and pandemic phase (early, late first-year, and second-year) were examined., Results: Of 2,034 eligible adolescents, 960 (455 girls) were assessed before and 1,074 (515 girls) during the pandemic. Overall, depressive symptoms increased by 0.80 points (95% CI 0.28-1.31, 0.15 SD of the population average). This increase varied by sex and pandemic phase. For boys the increase emerged in the late first-year phase and enlarged in the second-year phase (mean difference from pre-pandemic: 1.69, 0.14-3.24), whereas for girls it decreased in the early school-closure phase (mean difference: -1.98, -3.54 to -0.41) and returned to the pre-pandemic level thereafter, with no additional increases during the pandemic., Conclusion: Into the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic, depressive symptoms of 16-year-olds worsened above the expected age-related change only in boys. Continuous monitoring and preventive approaches for adolescents at the population level are warranted., Diversity & Inclusion Statement: We worked to ensure that the study questionnaires were prepared in an inclusive way. We worked to ensure sex and gender balance in the recruitment of human participants. One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as a member of one or more historically underrepresented racial and/or ethnic groups in science. We actively worked to promote sex and gender balance in our author group. The author list of this paper includes contributors from the location and/or community where the research was conducted who participated in the data collection, design, analysis, and/or interpretation of the work., (Copyright © 2023 American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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16. Maternal Autistic Traits and Adverse Birth Outcomes.
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Hosozawa M, Cable N, Ikehara S, Aochi Y, Tanigawa K, Baba S, Hirokawa K, Kimura T, Sobue T, and Iso H
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- Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy, Cohort Studies, Mothers, Prospective Studies, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Adult, Autism Spectrum Disorder epidemiology, Autistic Disorder, Premature Birth epidemiology
- Abstract
Importance: Women with a high level of autistic traits in the general population may experience larger health disparities during pregnancy, particularly women diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which in turn may be associated with increased risk of adverse birth outcomes., Objective: To investigate the association between maternal autistic traits and the risk of adverse birth outcomes in the general population., Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study included mothers of singletons from a nationwide, multicenter prospective birth cohort, the Japan Environmental Children's Study. Expecting mothers were recruited between January 2011 and March 2014. Data were analyzed between June 2021 and November 2023., Exposures: Autistic traits were self-reported during the second and third trimesters using the short form of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient Japanese version (AQ-J10) (score range, 0-10; clinical range, ≥7)., Main Outcomes and Measures: Data on preterm birth (<37 weeks' gestation) and neonates born small for gestational age (SGA) were transcribed from medical records. Additional analysis of gestational age groups (very preterm birth, <32 weeks' gestation; moderate-to-late preterm birth, 32-36 weeks' gestation) was also performed., Results: Among 87 687 women (mean [SD] age, 31.2 [5.0] years) included in the study, 2350 (2.7%) had AQ-J10 scores within the clinical range yet only 18 (0.02%) were diagnosed with ASD. A higher AQ-J10 score was associated with an increased risk of all birth outcomes, including preterm births (relative risk [RR] per 1-SD increase, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.03-1.09), moderate-to-late preterm births (RR per 1-SD increase, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01-1.08), very preterm births (RR per 1-SD increase, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.06-1.26), and child born SGA (RR per 1-SD increase, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.06) after adjusting for maternal and pregnancy-related factors. The risks of all outcomes increased with higher AQ-J10 scores; compared with women below the clinical range, women within the clinical range had greater risk of preterm births (RR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.07-1.26), moderate-to-late preterm births (RR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.03-1.22), very preterm births (RR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.18-1.89), and a child born SGA (RR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.04-1.19)., Conclusions and Relevance: In this cohort study, higher level of maternal autistic traits was associated with increased risk of adverse birth outcomes, particularly very preterm birth. Acknowledging the risks and providing tailored and timely antenatal care support to women with a high level of autistic traits in the general population, particularly women with autistic traits within the clinical range, regardless of formal diagnosis, is warranted.
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- 2024
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17. Informal Caregiving in Adolescents from 10 to 16 Years Old: A Longitudinal Study Using Data from the Tokyo Teen Cohort.
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Nakanishi M, Stanyon D, Richards M, Yamasaki S, Ando S, Endo K, Hosozawa M, Miyashita M, Hiraiwa-Hasegawa M, Kasai K, and Nishida A
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- Female, Humans, Adolescent, Aged, Child, Tokyo, Longitudinal Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Caregivers psychology, Family Characteristics
- Abstract
There is growing evidence of the impact of informal caregiving on adolescent mental health, and its role is often hidden unintentionally or intentionally, which may hamper early identification and support for young informal caregivers. However, the quantitative evidence regarding household factors relating to informal caregiving has mostly been based on cross-sectional findings. This study examines the longitudinal associations between household characteristics and the duration of informal caregiving in adolescents from 10 to 16 years of age. Child-household respondent pairs ( n = 2331) from the Tokyo Teen Cohort in Japan were followed every 2 years from 10 to 16 years of age. Informal caregiving was assessed repeatedly based on the household respondent's survey responses. Persistent caregiving was defined as daily caregiving at two or more waves. There were 2.2% of children who gave daily care at two or more waves. Cross-sectional associations with daily informal caregiving at each wave were found with girls, low household income, and cohabiting with grandparents. A significant association with persistent caregiving was found only in cohabiting with grandparents at 10 years of age after adjusting for sex, number of siblings, single parent, and household income. Our longitudinal examination highlighted cohabiting with grandparents as a preceding factor for persistent caregiving. Identification and support for young informal caregivers should be integrated into social care service systems for older adults. The mechanism of persistent caregiving requires clarification.
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- 2023
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18. Studies of Health Insurance Claims Data in Japan: A Scoping Review.
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Suto M, Sugiyama T, Imai K, Furuno T, Hosozawa M, Ichinose Y, Ihana-Sugiyama N, Kodama T, Koizumi R, Shimizu-Motohashi Y, Murata S, Nakamura Y, Niino M, Sato M, Taguchi R, Takegami M, Tanaka M, Tsutsumimoto K, Usuda K, Takehara K, and Iso H
- Abstract
Background: Health insurance claims data are used in various research fields; however, an overview on how they are used in healthcare research is scarce in Japan. Therefore, we conducted a scoping review to systematically map the relevant studies using Japanese claims data., Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Ichushi-Web were searched up to April 2021 for studies using Japanese healthcare claims data. We abstracted the data on study characteristics and summarized target diseases and research themes by the types of claims database. Moreover, we described the results of studies that aimed to compare health insurance claims data with other data sources narratively., Results: A total of 1,493 studies were included. Overall, the most common disease classifications were "Diseases of the circulatory system" (18.8%, n = 281), "Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases" (11.5%, n = 171; mostly diabetes), and "Neoplasms" (10.9%, n = 162), and the most common research themes were "medical treatment status" (30.0%, n = 448), "intervention effect" (29.9%, n = 447), and "clinical epidemiology, course of diseases" (27.9%, n = 417). Frequent diseases and themes varied by type of claims databases. A total of 19 studies aimed to assess the validity of the claims-based definition, and 21 aimed to compare the results of claims data with other data sources. Most studies that assessed the validity of claims data compared to medical records were hospital-based, with a small number of institutions., Conclusions: Claims data are used in various research areas and will increasingly provide important evidence for healthcare policy in Japan. It is important to use previous claims database studies and share information on methodology among researchers, including validation studies, while informing policymakers about the applicability of claims data for healthcare planning and management., Competing Interests: None, (Copyright © Japan Medical Association.)
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- 2023
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19. Adolescent Loneliness in 70 Countries Across Africa, America, and Asia: A Comparison of Prevalence and Correlates.
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Igami K, Hosozawa M, Ikeda A, Bann D, Shimizu T, and Iso H
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- Male, Female, Child, Humans, Adolescent, Loneliness, Prevalence, Africa, Asia, Bullying, Crime Victims
- Abstract
Purpose: Emerging studies address adolescent loneliness a public health problem due to its negative associations with adverse health. However, evidence concerning adolescent loneliness and its correlation in nonwestern, low- and middle-income countries is scarce. This study examined the prevalence of loneliness and its correlates (i.e., sex, bullying victimization, and peer support) across 70 countries from five WHO regions., Methods: Data were collected from the Global School-based Student Health Survey of children aged 13-17 (2003-2018) years. Loneliness was defined as feeling lonely most of the time or always in the past 12 months based on self-reports. The prevalence of loneliness was estimated, and multivariable logistic regression ascertained prevalence ratios of correlates by country. Meta-analysis was used to examine regional and overall pooled estimates., Results: Among the 248,017 students included in the study, the overall prevalence of loneliness was 11.7% (95% confidence interval (CI): 10.6-12.7), with significant variations across countries. Girls (vs. boys prevalence ratio (PR = 1.4 95% CI: 1.3-1.4), students who experienced bullying victimization (PR = 2.2, 95% CI: 2.1-2.3), and students who reported a lack of close friends (PR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.7-1.9) were at increased risk of experiencing loneliness. There was significant heterogeneity between countries for sex and lack of close friends but not for bullying victimization., Discussion: Adolescent loneliness is prevalent globally, especially in Africa and the Eastern Mediterranean. The considerable heterogeneity in its prevalence and correlates suggest that tailoring to the country context may benefit policy initiatives. Bullying may be a common intervention target in all countries., (Copyright © 2023 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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20. Lower help-seeking intentions mediate subsequent depressive symptoms among adolescents with high autistic traits: a population-based cohort study.
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Hosozawa M, Yamasaki S, Ando S, Endo K, Morimoto Y, Kanata S, Fujikawa S, Cable N, Iso H, Hiraiwa-Hasegawa M, Kasai K, and Nishida A
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- Humans, Adolescent, Child, Cohort Studies, Intention, Surveys and Questionnaires, Depression, Autistic Disorder
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Adolescents with high autistic traits are at increased risk of depression. Despite the importance of seeking help for early intervention, evidence on help-seeking intentions amongst this population is scarce. Using a population-based cohort in Japan, we examined adolescents' help-seeking intentions and preferences by the level of autistic traits and tested its mediating role on the association between high autistic traits and depressive symptoms. At age 12, we measured parent-rated autistic traits using the short version of the Autism Spectrum Quotient and classified the adolescents into two groups (≥ 6 as AQhigh, < 6 as AQlow); help-seeking intentions and preferences were assessed through a depression vignette. At age 14, depressive symptoms were self-rated using the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire. Hypothesised associations between autistic traits and help-seeking intentions or depressive symptoms were tested applying multivariable regression modelling, while mediation was tested with structural equation modelling. Of the 2505 adolescent participants, 200 (8%) were classified as AQhigh. In both groups, the main source of help-seeking was their family; however, 40% of the AQhigh group reported having no help-seeking intentions compared to 27% in the AQlow. The AQhigh group was at increased risk of not having help-seeking intentions (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.35-2.50) and higher depressive symptoms (b coefficient 1.06, 0.33-1.79). Help-seeking intentions mediated 18% of the association mentioned above. Interventions to promote help-seeking intentions among adolescents with high autistic traits could reduce their subsequent depressive symptoms. Ideally, such interventions should be provided prior to adolescence and with the involvement of their parents., (© 2021. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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21. Auditory Hallucinations and Self-Injurious Behavior in General Population Adolescents: Modeling Within-Person Effects in the Tokyo Teen Cohort.
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Stanyon D, DeVylder J, Yamasaki S, Yamaguchi S, Ando S, Usami S, Endo K, Miyashita M, Kanata S, Morimoto Y, Hosozawa M, Baba K, Nakajima N, Niimura J, Nakanishi M, Hiraiwa-Hasegawa M, Kasai K, and Nishida A
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- Humans, Adolescent, Tokyo, Hallucinations epidemiology, Hallucinations etiology, Hallucinations psychology, Self-Injurious Behavior epidemiology, Mental Disorders
- Abstract
Background and Hypotheses: A wealth of evidence suggests that adolescent psychotic experiences (PEs), and especially auditory hallucinations (AHs), are associated with an increased risk for self-injurious behavior (SIB). However, the directionality and specificity of this association are not well understood, and there are no published studies investigating within-person effects over time. The present study aimed to test whether AHs and SIB prospectively increase reciprocal risk at the individual level during early-to-middle adolescence., Study Design: Three waves (12y, 14y, and 16y) of self-reported AHs and SIB data from a large Tokyo-based adolescent birth cohort (N = 2825) were used. Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model (RI-CLPM) analysis was conducted to test the within-person prospective associations between AHs and SIB., Study Results: At the within-person level, AHs were associated with subsequent SIB over the observation period (12y-14y: β = .118, P < .001; 14-16y: β = .086, P = .012). The reverse SIB->AHs relationship was non-significant at 12-14y (β = .047, P = .112) but emerged from 14y to 16y as the primary direction of influence (β = .243, P < .001). Incorporating depression as a time-varying covariate did not meaningfully alter model estimates., Conclusions: A complex bi-directional pattern of relationships was observed between AHs and SIB over the measurement period, and these relationships were independent of depressive symptoms. Adolescent AHs may be both a predictor of later SIB and also a manifestation of SIB-induced psychological distress., (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center.)
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- 2023
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22. Predictors of chronic loneliness during adolescence: a population-based cohort study.
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Hosozawa M, Cable N, Yamasaki S, Ando S, Endo K, Usami S, Nakanishi M, Niimura J, Nakajima N, Baba K, Oikawa N, Stanyon D, Suzuki K, Miyashita M, Iso H, Hiraiwa-Hasegawa M, Kasai K, and Nishida A
- Abstract
Background: Adolescent loneliness is a growing public health issue owing to its adverse health impact. Although adolescent loneliness is common, its trajectories can show distinct patterns over time. However, there is limited knowledge regarding their determinants, particularly for chronic loneliness. We aimed to determine the predictors of loneliness trajectories across early-to-mid adolescence and examine their association with later suicidality., Methods: Data were collected from 3165 participants from the population-based Tokyo Teen Cohort. Participants reported their loneliness at 10, 12, 14, and 16 years. Loneliness trajectories were identified using latent class growth analysis. We examined the predictive role of bullying victimization and parental psychological distress at age 10 via a multinomial logistic regression. Sociodemographic and child-related factors (i.e., chronic health conditions and cognitive delay) were included as covariates. The association between the trajectories, self-harm, and suicidal ideation by age 16 was investigated using Poisson regression., Results: Four trajectories were identified: "consistently low" (2448, 77.3%), "moderate-decreasing" (185, 5.8%), "moderate-increasing" (508, 16.1%), and "consistently high" (24, 0.8%). Taking "consistently low" as a reference, experiences of bullying victimization predicted all the remaining trajectories [adjusted relative risk ratio 1.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18-2.28 for "moderate-decreasing," 1.88, 1.52-2.33 for "moderate-increasing," and 4.57, 1.97-10.59 for "consistently high"]. Parental psychological distress predicted the "moderate-increasing" (1.84, 1.25-2.71) and "consistently high" (5.07, 1.78-14.42) trajectories. The "consistently high" trajectory showed the greatest risk for self-harm and suicidal ideation (adjusted relative risk ratio 6.01, 95% CI 4.40-8.22; 2.48, 1.82-3.37, respectively); however, the "moderate-increasing" and "moderate-decreasing" trajectories were also at increased risk (moderate-increasing: 2.71, 2.23-3.30 for self-harm, 1.93, 1.69-2.19 for suicidal ideation; moderate-decreasing: 2.49, 1.91-3.26 for self-harm, 1.59, 1.33-1.91 for suicidal ideation)., Conclusions: Bullying victimization and parental psychological distress at age 10 were independent determinants of increased and chronic loneliness trajectories across early-to-mid adolescence. Compared with "consistently low," all other loneliness trajectories were associated with an increased risk of adolescent suicidality. Interventions targeting adolescent loneliness should include approaches to mitigate bullying and parental psychological distress. These strategies may help prevent adolescent suicidality., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
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- 2022
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23. Time trends in emotional well-being and self-esteem in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Goto R, Piedvache A, Hangai M, Yamaoka Y, Sampei M, Sawada N, Okubo Y, Tanaka K, Morisaki N, and Hosozawa M
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Objective: Given their unique COVID-19 pandemic experience, it is necessary to evaluate the mental health of youth beyond the initial stages of the pandemic, in relation to the stringency of the social distancing measures. We aimed to describe long-term trends in emotional well-being and self-esteem among youth in Japan during the pandemic., Method: Using serial cross-sectional data from April 2020 to December 2021, we evaluated the trends in emotional well-being and self-esteem of youth aged 6-17 years using the self-report KINDL questionnaire, weighted to represent the age and gender distributions in the Japanese population. We then tested the associations between emotional well-being and self-esteem and stringency of social distancing policies, measured using the Oxford COVID-19 Stringency Index. Analyses were also stratified by gender and age group., Results: The emotional well-being and self-esteem of youth improved transiently in 2020, followed by a slight worsening trend into 2021. While emotional well-being stayed lower compared to initial levels nearly 2 years into the pandemic, self-esteem began to improve by late 2021. 12-17 year-olds had lower emotional well-being and self-esteem compared to 6-11 year-olds throughout the study period. Females had lower emotional well-being than males in May 2020 and lower self-esteem than males in May and September/October 2020. More stringent social distancing measures were associated with lower emotional well-being and self-esteem, especially 6-11 year-olds' self-esteem and females' emotional well-being., Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, older youth tended to have lower emotional well-being and self-esteem than younger youth. Younger and female youth were especially vulnerable to stringent social distancing measures., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
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- 2022
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24. Mental health and social difficulties of late-diagnosed autistic children, across childhood and adolescence.
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Mandy W, Midouhas E, Hosozawa M, Cable N, Sacker A, and Flouri E
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- Female, Child, Adolescent, Humans, Cohort Studies, Mental Health, Educational Status, Autistic Disorder diagnosis, Autistic Disorder psychology, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
- Abstract
Background: Autism can be diagnosed from 2 years of age, although most autistic people receive their diagnosis later than this after they have started education. Research is required to understand why some autistic children are diagnosed late, and the level and nature of unmet need prior to diagnosis for late-diagnosed children., Methods: We examined trajectories of emotional, behavioural and social difficulties (EBSDs) across childhood and adolescence, comparing 'earlier-diagnosed' (diagnosed 7 years or younger) with 'late-diagnosed' (diagnosed between 8 and 14 years) autistic children. Data were from the Millennium Cohort Study, a population-based UK birth cohort. EBSDs were measured using the parent-report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, at 3, 5, 7, 11 and 14 years. We used Growth Curve Modelling to investigate levels and rates of change in these difficulties, and to compare earlier- (n = 146) and late-diagnosed (n = 284) autistic children., Results: Aged 5, earlier-diagnosed autistic children had more emotional (i.e., internalising), conduct, hyperactivity and social difficulties; although clinical difficulties in these areas were nevertheless common in late-diagnosed children. There was a faster annual increase in scores for all domains for late-diagnosed children, and by age 14 years, they had higher levels of EBSDs. These results persisted when we ran adjusted models, to account for the late-diagnosed group having higher rates of late-diagnosed attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, higher IQ, a higher proportion of females and older and more educated mothers., Conclusions: Emotional, behavioural and social difficulties are associated with, and may influence, the timing of autism diagnosis. Late-diagnosed autistic children often have high levels of mental health and social difficulties prior to their autism diagnosis, and tend to develop even more severe problems as they enter adolescence., (© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health.)
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- 2022
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25. Self-Reported Maternal Parenting Stress From 9 m Is Longitudinally Associated With Child ADHD Symptoms at Age 12: Findings From a Population-Based Birth Cohort Study.
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Endo K, Stanyon D, Yamasaki S, Nakanishi M, Niimura J, Kanata S, Fujikawa S, Morimoto Y, Hosozawa M, Baba K, Oikawa N, Nakajima N, Suzuki K, Miyashita M, Ando S, Hiraiwa-Hasegawa M, Kasai K, and Nishida A
- Abstract
Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) develops in early childhood and carries lifelong impact, but early identification and intervention ensure optimal clinical outcomes. Prolonged or excessive parenting stress may be a response to infant behavioral differences antecedent to developmental disorders such as ADHD, and therefore represents a potentially valuable inclusion in routine early-life assessment. To investigate the feasibility of using routinely-collected self-reported maternal parenting stress as a risk marker for child ADHD, this study investigated the longitudinal association between maternal parenting stress from 1 to 36 months after childbirth and child ADHD in early adolescence., Methods: The sample comprised 2,638 children (1,253 girls) from the Tokyo Teen Cohort population-based birth cohort study. Mothers recorded parenting stress five times from 1 to 36 months following childbirth in the Maternal and Child Health Handbook, a tool used for routine early-life assessment in Japan. Nine years later, mothers evaluated their child's ADHD symptoms at 12 y using the hyperactivity/inattention subscale from the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire., Results: Approximately 7.5% of parents reported that they had parenting stress at 36 m after childbirth. 6.2% of children were evaluated as above the cut-off for ADHD symptoms at 12 y. Parenting stress at 1 and 3-4 m was not associated with child ADHD symptoms at 12 y. However, child ADHD symptoms at 12 y was significantly associated with parenting stress at 9-10 m (unadjusted OR = 1.42, p =.047, 95% CI [1.00, 2/00]), 18 m (unadjusted OR = 1.57, p =.007, 95% CI [1.13, 2.19]) and 36 m (unadjusted OR = 1.67, p =.002, 95% CI [1.20, 2.31]). These associations remained after adjustment for child's sex, age in months and family income., Conclusions: We identified associations between parenting stress at 9-10, 18 and 36 m after childbirth and child ADHD symptoms at 12 years old. Self-reported parenting stress data may have utility as an early indicator for ADHD risk. Participation in early-life health checks, assessment of parenting stress, and tailoring support to family needs should be promoted for early identification and intervention for ADHD., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Endo, Stanyon, Yamasaki, Nakanishi, Niimura, Kanata, Fujikawa, Morimoto, Hosozawa, Baba, Oikawa, Nakajima, Suzuki, Miyashita, Ando, Hiraiwa-Hasegawa, Kasai and Nishida.)
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- 2022
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26. Association between maternal perceived capacity in life and physical punishment of teenage children: a longitudinal analysis of a population-based cohort in Tokyo, Japan.
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Nakanishi M, Yamasaki S, Niimura J, Endo K, Nakajima N, Stanyon D, Baba K, Oikawa N, Hosozawa M, Ando S, Hiraiwa-Hasegawa M, Kasai K, and Nishida A
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Japan, Longitudinal Studies, Mothers, Tokyo, Child Abuse, Punishment
- Abstract
Objectives: Perceived capacity denotes a subjective sense of having resources to cope with strains and hardships, and hence maternal perceived capacity may be protective against risk factors for child maltreatment. This study investigated the longitudinal association between maternal perceived capacity in life and child maltreatment., Design: This population-based longitudinal study used self-reported questionnaires from the Tokyo Teen Cohort study (TTC), a large community-based cohort study conducted in Japan between 2014 and 2019., Setting: Mother-child pairs were randomly recruited from the resident registries of three municipalities in Tokyo, Japan., Methods: A total of 2515 mothers participated. Mothers' perceived capacity in life was evaluated using the self-reported TTC wave 2 survey when their children were 12 years old. Mothers rated the extent to which they had capacity in terms of time, finance, physical well-being, mental well-being and life in general. Physical punishment, which is linked to more severe childhood maltreatment, was assessed using a question about the use of physical punishment at the wave 3 survey when children were 14 years old., Results: After controlling for baseline covariates (including maternal social support, age, marital status, annual household income, educational attainment, child's age, gender, sibling and birth order, and behavioural difficulties), higher perceived capacity in finance (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.90 to 0.99, p=0.026) and mental well-being (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.88 to 0.98, p=0.005) were associated with less frequent use of physical punishment with 14-year-old children., Conclusions: Maternal perceived capacity in finance and mental well-being may decrease the risk of frequent use of physical punishment at the 2-year follow-up. Child maltreatment prevention strategies should aim to empower mothers and promote their perceived capacity in financial management and mental health., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
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- 2022
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27. The role of bullying victimization in the pathway between autistic traits and psychotic experiences in adolescence: Data from the Tokyo Teen Cohort study.
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Stanyon D, Yamasaki S, Ando S, Endo K, Nakanishi M, Kiyono T, Hosozawa M, Kanata S, Fujikawa S, Morimoto Y, Hiraiwa-Hasegawa M, Kasai K, and Nishida A
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Cohort Studies, Humans, Tokyo epidemiology, Autistic Disorder, Bullying, Crime Victims
- Abstract
Autistic traits are associated with psychotic experiences in adolescence; however, the mechanisms underlying this relationship are not well understood. Prior research indicates that bullying victimization increases the risk of psychotic experiences in general adolescent populations, and autistic youth are at higher risk of being bullied than their non-autistic peers. Using longitudinal data from general population adolescents aged 10-14 in the Tokyo Teen Cohort study, we tested the hypothesis that bullying is responsible for the association between autistic traits and psychotic experiences in adolescence. We identified an indirect effect (estimate = 0.033 [95% CIs: 0.014-0.057], p < 0.001) between autistic traits and psychotic experiences via bullying victimization, even after controlling for known confounders. Prevention of bullying victimization may be one avenue for reducing risk of psychosis among adolescents with high levels of autistic traits., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2022
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28. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and the rights of the child in Japan.
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Yamaguchi A, Hosozawa M, Hasegawa A, Okubo Y, Sampei M, Sawada N, Piedvache A, Morisaki N, Hangai M, Tanaka K, and Yamaoka Y
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- Child, Humans, Japan epidemiology, Pandemics, Parents, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19
- Abstract
Background: Few studies have used direct reports by children to assess how the rights documented in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) have been affected during the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)., Methods: Data were obtained from the CORONA-CODOMO Survey, a web-based survey conducted from April to May 2020 in Japan, targeting children aged 7-17 and parents/guardians of children aged 0-17. We focused on self-reports from children, including two open-ended questions asking their needs and opinions. The results were analyzed according to the five categories of rights defined by the CRC: education, health, safety, play, and participation., Results: Among the 2,591 children who participated in the survey, 1,292 children (49.9%) answered at least one of the two open-ended questions. The most frequent concern was COVID-19 infecting members of their families (78.2%), followed by the inability to see their friends (74.3%). There were 1,523 direct comments from children. The comments covered a wide range of the rights in the CRC, including reopening of schools, disparities in education, access to health information, alternatives for playing and seeing friends, and needs for participation and being heard. Few comments were related to safety whereas a certain proportion of children were victimized within households., Conclusions: Our results suggest that the rights outlined in the CRC have been restricted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health and educational professionals working with children and policymakers should introduce the rights-based approach to protect the best interests of children during and after the pandemic., (© 2021 Japan Pediatric Society.)
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- 2022
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29. Children's daily lives and well-being: Findings from the CORONA-CODOMO survey 1st wave.
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Hangai M, Piedvache A, Sawada N, Okubo Y, Sampei M, Yamaoka Y, Tanaka K, Hosozawa M, Morisaki N, and Igarashi T
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- Child, Humans, Pandemics, Cross-Sectional Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Parenting, Parents psychology, Quality of Life, COVID-19 epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has changed people's lives dramatically. Few data on the acute effects of the pandemic on children's daily lives and well-being have been published to date. This study aimed to capture its effects on Japanese children during the first peak of the outbreak., Methods: We conducted a web-based, anonymous cross-sectional survey targeting Japanese children aged 7-17 years and parents/guardians of children aged 0-17 years. Eligible individuals were invited to participate in the survey from April 30 to May 31, 2020. This self-report questionnaire examined daily life and behaviors, psychological symptoms, well-being, quality of life, and positive parenting or abusive behaviors at the very beginning of the outbreak., Results: A total of 2,591 children and 6,116 parents/guardians participated in our survey. Sixty-two percent of children reported screen time exceeding 2 h. Twenty percent of children reported abusive behaviors by family members. Nine in ten parents/guardians of school-aged children reported that their child had at least one acute stress symptom in the past month. Average mental health subscale scores from KINDL
R questionnaire on quality of life were lower than the national average for all grades. Nearly half of parents/guardians refrained from seeking medical care for the child's symptoms., Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic had serious acute impacts on Japanese children's daily lives, well-being, family relationships, and health-care utilization, including some impacts that are potentially long-lasting; thus, proactive interventions and services are needed, as well as longitudinal surveys., (© 2021 Japan Pediatric Society.)- Published
- 2022
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30. Gestational age on trajectories of social competence difficulties into adolescence.
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Hosozawa M, Cable N, Kelly Y, and Sacker A
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- Adolescent, Adult, Case-Control Studies, Child, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Female, Gestational Age, Humans, Infant, Male, Psychological Distress, Social Change, Surveys and Questionnaires statistics & numerical data, United Kingdom epidemiology, Mothers psychology, Premature Birth psychology, Social Skills, Term Birth psychology
- Abstract
Objectives: To examine if gestational age groups predict the development of social competence difficulties (SCDs) from childhood into mid-adolescence and to assess the mediation by maternal psychological distress during infancy on these trajectories., Design: Nationally representative population-based birth cohort (UK Millennium Cohort Study)., Participants: 15 821 children born in 2000-2002., Outcome Measures: SCDs (derived from peer and prosocial subscales of Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire) were assessed by parent report when the participants were aged 3, 5, 7, 11 and 14 years. Maternal psychological distress was self-rated using Rutter Malaise Inventory when the children were 9 months of age. Data were modelled using latent growth curve analysis., Results: Developmental trajectories of SCDs were U-shaped in all groups. Very preterm (VP) children (<32 weeks, n=173) showed pronounced difficulties throughout, with the coefficient difference from the full term at age 14 being 0.94 (95% CI 0.23 to 1.66, equivalent to 0.32 SD of the population average SCDs). Moderate-to-late preterm children (32-36 weeks, n=1130) and early-term children (37-38 weeks, n=3232) showed greater difficulties compared with the full-term peers around age 7 years, which resolved by age 14 years (b=0.20, 95% CI -0.05 to 0.44; b=0.03, 95% CI -0.12 to 0.17, respectively). Maternal psychological distress during infancy mediated 20% of the aforementioned association at age 14 years for the VP., Conclusion: There was a dose-response association between gestational age and the trajectories of SCDs. Monitoring and providing support on social development throughout childhood and adolescence and treating early maternal psychological distress may help children who were born earlier than ideal, particularly those born VP., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2021
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31. Bullying victimisation in adolescence: prevalence and inequalities by gender, socioeconomic status and academic performance across 71 countries.
- Author
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Hosozawa M, Bann D, Fink E, Elsden E, Baba S, Iso H, and Patalay P
- Abstract
Background: Bullying victimisation is of global importance due to its long-term negative consequences. We examined the prevalence of victimisation and its inequalities in 15-year-olds across 71 countries., Methods: Data were from the Programme for International Student Assessment (March-August 2018). Students reported frequencies of relational, physical, and verbal victimisation during the last 12 months, which were analysed separately and combined into a total score. Prevalence of frequent victimisation (> a few times a month) was estimated, followed by mean differences in total score by gender, wealth and academic performance quintiles in each country. Meta-analyses were used to examine country differences., Findings: Of 421,437 students included, 113,602 (30·4%) experienced frequent victimisation, yet this varied by country-from 9·3% (Korea) to 64·8% (Philippines). Verbal and relational victimisation were more frequent (21·4%, 20.9%, respectively) than physical victimisation (15·2%). On average, boys (vs girls +0·23SD, 95%CI: 0·22-0·24), students from the lowest wealth (vs highest +0·09SD, 0·08-0·10) and with lowest academic performance (vs highest +0·49SD, 0·48-0·50) had higher scores. However, there was substantial between-country heterogeneity in these associations (I
2 =85%-98%). Similar results were observed for subtypes of victimisation-except relational victimisation, where gender inequalities were smaller., Interpretation: Globally, bullying victimisation was high, although the size, predominant subtype and strength of associations with risk factors varied by country. The large cross-country differences observed require further replication and empirical explanation, and suggest the need to and the large scope for reducing bullying victimisation and its inequity in the future., Funding: Japan Foundation for Pediatric Research., Competing Interests: All authors declare no competing interests., (© 2021 The Author(s).)- Published
- 2021
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32. Abusive and positive parenting behavior in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic under the state of emergency.
- Author
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Yamaoka Y, Hosozawa M, Sampei M, Sawada N, Okubo Y, Tanaka K, Yamaguchi A, Hangai M, and Morisaki N
- Subjects
- COVID-19 epidemiology, Child, Female, Humans, Japan epidemiology, Male, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 psychology, Child Abuse statistics & numerical data, Parenting psychology, Parents psychology
- Abstract
Background: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed the lives of children and parents, raising concerns about child maltreatment., Objective: We examined the prevalence of abusive parenting behavior during the pandemic of the COVID-19 and its relations with physical, psychological, and social factors and positive parenting behavior., Participants and Setting: An online survey was performed during the COVID-19 state of emergency in Japan. Participants were 5344 parents of children aged 0-17 years., Methods: We conducted an anonymous online survey using multiple platforms, including websites of child-related organizations and social networking services (SNS). Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with abusive behavior., Results: One-fifth of parents reported abusive behaviors, whereas over 80% of parents reported positive parenting behaviors (e.g., empathizing with a child). Abusive parenting behaviors were associated with longer screen time (6+ hours per day: OR, 1.44; 95%CI, 1.05-1.98), poor maternal mental health (K6 = 13+: OR, 2.23; 95%CI, 1.71-2.89), and the occurrence of domestic violence (OR, 4.54; 95%CI, 3.47-5.95). Positive parenting behaviors, especially showing empathy, were associated with lower risks of abusive behaviors (OR, 0.51: 95%CI, 0.39-0.66)., Conclusions: Positive parenting behavior is essential to the prevention of child maltreatment during the COVID-19 pandemic., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. The Role of Decision-Making in Psychological Wellbeing and Risky Behaviours in Autistic Adolescents Without ADHD: Longitudinal Evidence from the UK Millennium Cohort Study.
- Author
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Hosozawa M, Mandy W, Cable N, and Flouri E
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Aged, Child, Cohort Studies, Decision Making, Humans, Risk-Taking, United Kingdom epidemiology, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity epidemiology, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Autistic Disorder
- Abstract
This study examined the development of decision-making and its association with psychological wellbeing and risky behaviours in adolescents with and without autism. Participants included 270 autistic and 9,713 typically developing adolescents. In both samples, those with a diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were excluded. Data came from the Millennium Cohort Study, a nationally representative population-based birth cohort. Decision-making was assessed using the Cambridge Gambling Task at ages 11 and 14. Psychological wellbeing (happiness, self-esteem, depressive symptoms and self-harm) and risky/antisocial behaviours were self-reported at age 14. After adjusting for sex, cognitive ability, spatial working memory, socioeconomic status and pubertal status, autistic adolescents showed comparable quality of decision-making to that of their peers at both ages but also a more deliberative decision-making style as they aged. Only in autistic adolescents was this decision-making style associated with positive outcomes., (© 2020. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2021
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34. Risk of postpartum depression and very early child mistreatment among mothers reporting higher autistic traits: Evidence from the Japan Environment and Children's Study.
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Hosozawa M, Cable N, Ikeda A, Dong JY, Ikehara S, and Iso H
- Subjects
- Child, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Japan epidemiology, Mothers, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Autistic Disorder, Child Abuse, Depression, Postpartum epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Little is known about how mothers who report higher autistic traits face new parenthood. This study examined the association between antenatal non-clinical autistic traits and the risks of both postpartum depression (PPD) and child mistreatment at one-month postpartum and if these associations were mediated by preexisting social support., Methods: Participants included 73,532 singleton mothers without histories of psychiatric conditions from the Japan Environment and Children's Study, a nationwide birth cohort. Autistic traits were measured during the second/third trimesters using the short-version of the Autism Quotient-Japanese version. Participants were classified into three groups (i.e., typical-range, moderate-range, and high-range). PPD was measured using the Japanese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, while participants self-reported experiences of child mistreatment (i.e., hit or shake the child); both assessments were conducted at one-month postpartum. Individual social support was reported during pregnancy. Data analyses were conducted through Poisson regressions., Results: A total of 7,147 (9.7%) participants reported PPD, while 12,994 (17.7%) reported child mistreatment at one-month postpartum. Autistic traits were associated with increased PPD risk (adjusted-relative risk [aRR] =1.74, 95%CI=1.64-1.84 for moderate-range; aRR=2.33, 2.13-2.55 for high-range) and child mistreatment (aRR=1.19, 1.13-1.24 for moderate-range; aRR=1.39, 1.28-1.50 for high-range) independently of confounders. Social support mediated 26-31% of these associations for moderate/high-range groups (both risks)., Limitations: Self-reported measurements were used., Conclusions: Mothers who reported moderate-to-high autistic traits in the general population were vulnerable to PPD and newborn mistreatment at one-month postpartum, which was partially explained by the lack of social support during pregnancy., (Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2021
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35. Timing of diagnosis, depression and self-harm in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder.
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Hosozawa M, Sacker A, and Cable N
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Depression diagnosis, Depression epidemiology, Humans, Self Report, United Kingdom epidemiology, Autism Spectrum Disorder complications, Autism Spectrum Disorder diagnosis, Autism Spectrum Disorder epidemiology, Self-Injurious Behavior diagnosis, Self-Injurious Behavior epidemiology
- Abstract
Lay Abstract: Children with autism spectrum disorder are at increased risk of depression and self-harming behaviours. The question of whether timing of diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder is associated with these consequences in adolescence has not yet been studied. This exploratory study aimed to explore the association between depression and self-harming behaviour in adolescence and the parent-reported timing of diagnosis for autism spectrum disorder using a large population-based cohort in the United Kingdom. Most of the children with autism spectrum disorder in our study had within-typical-range cognitive ability. We found a linear association between timing of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis and depression and self-harming behaviour in adolescence; later diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, particularly diagnosis in adolescence, was associated with the increased risk of self-reported depressive symptoms and self-harming behaviour in adolescence among children with autism spectrum disorder. Our findings, albeit observational, suggest that interventions targeting the earlier diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder and approaches to improve person-environment fit may help prevent secondary mental health problems in this population, particularly among those without cognitive delays and those diagnosed late. Further studies replicating across a wider intellectual spectrum and clarifying the underlying mechanism are warranted.
- Published
- 2021
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36. Determinants of an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in childhood and adolescence: Evidence from the UK Millennium Cohort Study.
- Author
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Hosozawa M, Sacker A, Mandy W, Midouhas E, Flouri E, and Cable N
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Humans, Parents, Schools, United Kingdom epidemiology, Autism Spectrum Disorder diagnosis, Autism Spectrum Disorder epidemiology
- Abstract
This study aimed to identify determinants of a late autism spectrum disorder diagnosis, including diagnoses made 'very late' (i.e., in adolescence), using the Millennium Cohort Study, a nationally representative population-based cohort in the United Kingdom. Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder by age 14 (N = 581) were included and grouped by the parent-reported timing of diagnosis: before school (up to age 5), during primary school (age 5-11) and during secondary school (age 11-14). Predictors of diagnostic timing, at the child, family and school levels, were investigated using multinomial logistic regression. Most (79%) children with autism spectrum disorder were diagnosed after school entry, and 28% were not diagnosed until secondary school. Among those not diagnosed until secondary school, 75% had been identified at age 5 years by a parent and/or teacher as having socio-behavioural difficulties. Being diagnosed after starting school was predicted by living in poverty (adjusted relative risk ratio: primary = 1.90, 95% confidence interval: 1.03-3.53; secondary = 2.15, 1.05-4.42) and/or having no initial parental concerns (primary = 0.32, 0.15-0.70; secondary = 0.19, 0.09-0.43). Having typical-range intelligence also predicted diagnosis during secondary school. The result indicates that those without cognitive delays and poorer children were at risk of 'very late' (i.e. adolescent) diagnosis. Strategies to promote earlier identification, targeting age at primary school entry, could help those more likely to be diagnosed late. Lay abstract Despite policy emphasis on early identification, many children with autism spectrum disorder are diagnosed late, with some being diagnosed as late as in adolescence. However, evidence on what determines the timing of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis including children diagnosed in adolescence is lacking. Understanding these determinants, particularly in those diagnosed later than is ideal, can inform the development of effective strategies to improve earlier identification of autism spectrum disorder. This study used a nationally representative population-based cohort in the United Kingdom to explore child, family and school level predictors of timing of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis. In the United Kingdom, 79% of the children with autism spectrum disorder were diagnosed after entering primary school and 28% during secondary school. Among those not diagnosed until secondary school, 75% had shown social difficulties noticed by parents and/or teachers at age 5 years. The results suggest that healthcare providers should be aware that, even for universal systems of care, those living in poverty and having higher intelligence are most likely to miss out on a timely diagnosis. Strategies to promote earlier identification among school-aged children, including targeting primary school entry age (i.e. around age 5) and that encouraging referrals for a formal assessment at the first report of concerns over the child's social development may benefit those children who would otherwise be diagnosed later.
- Published
- 2020
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37. Intrauterine growth restriction affects z-scores of anthropometric parameters during the first 6 years in very low-birth-weight-children born at less than 30 weeks of gestation.
- Author
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Shoji H, Watanabe A, Awaji A, Ikeda N, Hosozawa M, Ohkawa N, Nishizaki N, Hisata K, Kantake M, Obinata K, and Shimizu T
- Subjects
- Body Height physiology, Body Mass Index, Body Weight physiology, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Retrospective Studies, Child Development physiology, Fetal Growth Retardation physiopathology, Infant, Premature growth & development, Infant, Very Low Birth Weight growth & development
- Abstract
Objective: Little is known about physical constitution outcomes for very preterm infants. Here, we compare z-scores of anthropometric parameters up to 6 years of age in children born with very low birth weight (VLBW) at less than 30 weeks of gestation, with or without intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)., Design: Participants were divided into four subgroups: male (M), small for gestational age (SGA) (n = 30); M, appropriate for gestational age (AGA) (n = 59); female (F), SGA (n = 24); and F, AGA (n = 61). z-Scores of body weight (BW), body length (BL), and body mass index (BMI) were assessed at birth, 1 year corrected age, 3 years of age, and 6 years of age., Results: For boys, BW and BMI were significantly lower among SGA children than among AGA children at all assessments, but there was no difference in BL at 3 or 6 years. For girls, BW and BL were significantly lower among SGA children than among AGA children at all assessments, but no difference was detected in BMI after 1.5 years. No significant variation in the z-score of BW or BMI in either SGA group was observed after 1 year. BL z-score in all groups gradually increased until 6 years of age., Conclusion: IUGR affects BW and BMI in boys and BW and BL in girls during the first 6 years in VLBW children born at less than 30 weeks of gestation. SGA children did not catch up in BW or BMI from 1 to 6 years of age.
- Published
- 2020
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38. Exploring Traits of Autism and Their Impact on Functional Disability in Children with Somatic Symptom Disorder.
- Author
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Hatta K, Hosozawa M, Tanaka K, and Shimizu T
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Attention, Autistic Disorder epidemiology, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Phenotype, Somatoform Disorders epidemiology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Autistic Disorder diagnosis, Disabled Children, Medically Unexplained Symptoms, Somatoform Disorders diagnosis
- Abstract
Subclinical traits of autism were measured in children with somatic symptom disorder (SSD, n = 28) and compared with age-matched controls (n = 26) using the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) children's version. The KINDL
R quality of life questionnaire was used to assess functional disability. Although there was no significant group difference in total traits of autism, SSD group had significantly greater difficulty in attention switching domain. Logistic regression analysis confirmed attention switching and age were associated with increased likelihood of SSD. In SSD group, difficulty in attention switching significantly negatively correlated with total, family, and friends quality of life scores. In conclusion, assessment and treatment targeting difficulties in attention switching could be useful when dealing with children with SSD.- Published
- 2019
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39. A group of very preterm children characterized by atypical gaze patterns.
- Author
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Sekigawa-Hosozawa M, Tanaka K, Shimizu T, Nakano T, and Kitazawa S
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Attention, Autism Spectrum Disorder diagnosis, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Photic Stimulation methods, Autism Spectrum Disorder physiopathology, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive physiopathology, Eye Movements physiology, Infant, Extremely Premature growth & development
- Abstract
Objective: Very preterm (VP) children are at risk for social difficulties, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study used eye tracking to determine viewing behaviors that may reflect these difficulties., Design: The gaze patterns of 47 VP (mean gestational age: 28weeks, mean birth weight: 948g, and mean chronological age: 49months) were assessed while viewing dynamic social scenes and compared with those of 25 typically developing (TD) and 25 children with ASD. The temporo-spatial gaze patterns were summarized on a two-dimensional plane using multidimensional scaling (MDS) and the median of the TD children was used to characterize the gazes of the VP children. Time spent viewing the face was also compared., Results: The VP children formed two clusters: one had a mean MDS distance comparable to that of TD group (n=32; VP-small), and the other had a larger mean distance comparable to that of ASD group (n=15; VP-large). The VP-large were similar to the ASD group by spending significantly less time viewing the face. Their performance was comparable to the TD during the initial 1s, but they could not remain focused on the face thereafter., Conclusions: The VP children were objectively classified into two groups based on gaze behaviors. One group was comparable to TD children, whereas the other had difficulty maintaining attention and exhibited atypical viewing behaviors similar to those of the ASD group. Our method may be useful in identifying VP children at higher risk for experiencing social difficulties., (Copyright © 2016 The Japanese Society of Child Neurology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2017
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40. Reduced growth during early infancy in very low birth weight children with autism spectrum disorder.
- Author
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Ikejiri K, Hosozawa M, Mitomo S, Tanaka K, and Shimizu T
- Subjects
- Autism Spectrum Disorder diagnosis, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Autism Spectrum Disorder epidemiology, Body Size, Child Development, Infant, Very Low Birth Weight growth & development
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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41. Oxidative stress early in infancy and neurodevelopmental outcome in very low-birthweight infants.
- Author
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Shoji H, Ikeda N, Hosozawa M, Ohkawa N, Matsunaga N, Suganuma H, Hisata K, Tanaka K, and Shimizu T
- Subjects
- 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine, Deoxyguanosine analogs & derivatives, Deoxyguanosine urine, Dinoprost analogs & derivatives, Dinoprost urine, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Very Low Birth Weight urine, Male, Infant, Very Low Birth Weight metabolism, Nervous System growth & development, Oxidative Stress
- Abstract
Background: Reactive oxygen species may be involved in serious diseases in premature infants. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between neurodevelopmental outcome and oxidative stress marker level in the urine of very low-birthweight (VLBW) infants., Methods: Spot urine samples were collected from 35 VLBW infants. Urinary excretion of 8-hydroxy-2″-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a marker of oxidative DNA damage, and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-isoPGF), a marker of lipid peroxidation, was measured at 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks of age. Neurodevelopmental outcome at 18 months' corrected age was assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID)-II., Results: Significant correlations were found between urinary 8-OHdG at 2 and 4 weeks and the Mental Development Index of the BSID-II. No significant correlation was found between urinary 8-isoPGF and indices of the BSID-II., Conclusions: In VLBW infants, urinary 8-OHdG level correlated with mental development rather than psychomotor development at 18 months' corrected age; urinary 8-OHdG might be a predictive marker of neurodevelopmental outcome in VLBW infants., (© 2014 Japan Pediatric Society.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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42. Posterior quadrant disconnection surgery for Sturge-Weber syndrome.
- Author
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Sugano H, Nakanishi H, Nakajima M, Higo T, Iimura Y, Tanaka K, Hosozawa M, Niijima S, and Arai H
- Subjects
- Corpus Callosum surgery, Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic diagnosis, Hemangioma diagnosis, Hemangioma surgery, Humans, Image Enhancement, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Meningeal Neoplasms surgery, Psychomotor Disorders diagnosis, Psychomotor Disorders surgery, Sturge-Weber Syndrome diagnosis, Craniotomy methods, Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic surgery, Neural Pathways surgery, Neuronavigation methods, Occipital Lobe surgery, Parietal Lobe surgery, Sturge-Weber Syndrome surgery, Temporal Lobe surgery
- Abstract
Objective: Some patients with Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) need epilepsy surgery for adequate seizure control and prevention of psychomotor deterioration. The majority of patients with SWS have leptomeningeal angioma located over the temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes. We applied posterior quadrant disconnection surgery for this type of SWS with intractable seizure. We evaluated the efficacy of this procedure in seizure control and psychomotor development., Methods: Ten patients who were surgically treated using the posterior quadrantectomy (PQT) were enrolled in this study. Surgical outcome was analyzed as seizure-free or not at 2 years after surgery. Psychomotor development was evaluated by the scores of mental developmental index (MDI) and psychomotor developmental index (PDI) in the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II preoperatively, and at 6 and 12 months after the PQT., Results: Eight of 10 patients were seizure-free. Patients without complete elimination of the angiomatous areas had residual seizures. Average MDI and PDI scores before the surgery were 64.8 and 71.6, respectively. Scores of MDI at 6 and 12 months after the PQT in seizure-free patients were 80.5 and 84.5, respectively (p < 0.01). PDI scores at these postoperative intervals were 87.3 and 86.4, respectively (p < 0.05). Patients with residual seizures did not improve in either MDI or PDI., Significance: The PQT achieved good seizure control and improved psychomotor development in patients with SWS. The complete deafferentation of angiomatous areas is required for seizure-free results and psychomotor developmental improvement., (Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2014 International League Against Epilepsy.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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43. How children with specific language impairment view social situations: an eye tracking study.
- Author
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Hosozawa M, Tanaka K, Shimizu T, Nakano T, and Kitazawa S
- Subjects
- Attention physiology, Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive physiopathology, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive psychology, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Language Disorders physiopathology, Language Disorders psychology, Male, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive diagnosis, Eye Movements physiology, Language Disorders diagnosis, Photic Stimulation methods, Social Perception
- Abstract
Objective: Children with specific language impairment (SLI) face risks for social difficulties. However, the nature and developmental course of these difficulties remain unclear. Gaze behaviors have been studied by using eye tracking among those with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Using this method, we compared the gaze behaviors of children with SLI with those of individuals with ASD and typically developing (TD) children to explore the social perception of children with SLI., Methods: The eye gazes of 66 children (16 with SLI, 25 with ASD, and 25 TD) were studied while viewing videos of social interactions. Gaze behaviors were summarized with multidimensional scaling, and participants with similar gaze behaviors were represented proximally in a 2-dimensional plane., Results: The SLI and TD groups each formed a cluster near the center of the multidimensional scaling plane, whereas the ASD group was distributed around the periphery. Frame-by-frame analyses showed that children with SLI and TD children viewed faces in a manner consistent with the story line, but children with ASD devoted less attention to faces and social interactions. During speech scenes, children with SLI were significantly more fixated on the mouth, whereas TD children viewed the eyes and the mouth., Conclusions: Children with SLI viewed social situations in ways similar to those of TD children but different from those of children with ASD. However, children with SLI concentrated on the speaker's mouth, possibly to compensate for audiovisual processing deficits. Because eyes carry important information, this difference may influence the social development of children with SLI.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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