Search

Your search keyword '"Hu, D"' showing total 12,337 results
Start Over Author "Hu, D"

Refine your results

12,337 results on '"Hu, D"'

1. A high rate and high timing photoelectric detector prototype with RPC structure

Author

Zhao, Yiding, Hu, D., Shao, M., Zhou, Y., Lv, S., Tian, Xiangqi, Wang, Anqi, Lin, Xueshen, Pang, Hao, and Suna, Y.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

To meet the need for a high counting rate and high time resolution in future high-energy physics experiments, a prototype of a gas photodetector with an RPC structure was developed. Garfield++ simulated the detector's performance, and the single photoelectron performance of different mixed gases was tested with an ultraviolet laser. The detector uses a low resistivity ($\sim1.4\cdot 10^{10} \Omega\cdot cm$) float glass so that its rate capability is significantly higher than that of ordinary float glass($10^{12}\sim10^{14} \Omega\cdot cm$), the laser test results show that in MRPC gas($R134a/iC_{4}H_{10}/SF_{6}(85/10/5)$), the single photoelectron time resolution is best to reach 20.3 ps at a gas gain of $7\cdot 10^{6}$. Increasing the proportion of $iC_{4}H_{10}$ can effectively reduce the probability of photon feedback, without changing the time resolution and maximum gain. In addition to being applied to high-precision time measurement scenarios (eg:T0, TOF), the detector can also quantitatively test the single photoelectron performance of different gases and will be used to find eco-friendly MRPC gases., Comment: 24 pages,20 figures

Published
2024

2. 3D MHD modelling of plasmoid drift following massive material injection in a tokamak

Author

Kong, M., Nardon, E., Bonfiglio, D., Hoelzl, M., Hu, D., team, the JOREK, contributors, JET, and Team, the EUROfusion Tokamak Exploitation

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Mechanisms of plasmoid drift following massive material injection are studied via 3D non-linear MHD modelling with the JOREK code, using a transient neutral source deposited at the low field side midplane of a JET H-mode plasma to clarify basic processes and compare with existing theories. The simulations confirm the important role of the propagation of shear Alfv\'en wave (SAW) packets from both ends of the plasmoid (``SAW braking'') and the development of external resistive currents along magnetic field lines (``P\'egouri\'e braking'') in limiting charge separation and thus the $\mathbf{E}\times \mathbf{B}$ plasmoid drift, where $\mathbf{E}$ and $\mathbf{B}$ are the electric and magnetic fields, respectively. The drift velocity is found to be limited by the SAW braking on the few microseconds timescale for cases with relatively small source amplitude while the P\'egouri\'e braking acting on a longer timescale is shown to set in earlier with larger toroidal extent of the source, both in good agreement with existing theories. The simulations also identify the key role of the size of the $\mathbf{E}\times \mathbf{B}$ flow region on plasmoid drift and show that the saturated velocity caused by dominant SAW braking agrees well with theory when considering an effective pressure within the $\mathbf{E}\times \mathbf{B}$ flow region. The existence of SAWs in the simulations is demonstrated and the 3D picture of plasmoid drift is discussed.

Published
2024

3. Plasmoid drift and first wall heat deposition during ITER H-mode dual-SPIs in JOREK simulations

Author

Hu, D., Artola, F. J., Nardon, E., Lehnen, M., Kong, M., Bonfiglio, D., Hoelzl, M., Huijsmans, G. T. A., and Team, JOREK

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

The heat flux mitigation during the Thermal Quench (TQ) by the Shattered Pellet Injection (SPI) is one of the major elements of disruption mitigation strategy for ITER. It's efficiency greatly depends on the SPI and the target plasma, and is ultimately checked by the heat deposition on to the PFCs. To investigate this, JOREK simulations of neon-mixed dual-SPIs into ITER baseline H-mode and a "degraded H-mode" with and without good injector synchronization are performed with focus on the first wall heat flux and its energy impact. It is found that low neon fraction SPIs into the baseline H-mode plasmas exhibit strong major radial plasmoid drift as the fragments arrive at the pedestal, accompanied by edge stochasticity. Significant density expulsion and outgoing heat flux occurs as a result, reducing the mitigation efficiency. Such drift motion could be mitigated by injecting higher neon fraction pellets', or by considering the pre-disruption confinement degradation, thus improving the radiation fraction. The radiation heat flux is found to peak in the vicinity of the fragment injection location in the early injection phase, while it relaxes later on due to parallel impurity transport. The overall radiation asymmetry could be significantly mitigated by good synchronization. Time integration of the local heat flux is carried out to provide its energy impact for wall heat damage assessment. For the baseline H-mode case with full pellet injection, melting of the stainless steel of the diagnostic port could occur near the injection port, which is acceptable, without any melting of the first wall tungsten tiles. For the degraded H-mode cases with quarter-pellet SPIs, which have 1/4 total volume of a full pellet, the maximum energy impact approaches the tolerable limit of the stainless steel with un-synchronized SPIs, and stays well below such limit for the perfectly synchronized ones.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Euclid: Early Release Observations -- Dwarf galaxies in the Perseus galaxy cluster

Author

Marleau, F. R., Cuillandre, J. -C., Cantiello, M., Carollo, D., Duc, P. -A., Habas, R., Hunt, L. K., Jablonka, P., Mirabile, M., Mondelin, M., Poulain, M., Saifollahi, T., Sánchez-Janssen, R., Sola, E., Urbano, M., Zöller, R., Bolzonella, M., Lançon, A., Laureijs, R., Marchal, O., Schirmer, M., Stone, C., Boselli, A., Ferré-Mateu, A., Hatch, N. A., Kluge, M., Montes, M., Sorce, J. G., Tortora, C., Venhola, A., Golden-Marx, J. B., Aghanim, N., Amara, A., Andreon, S., Auricchio, N., Baldi, M., Balestra, A., Bardelli, S., Battaglia, P., Bender, R., Bodendorf, C., Branchini, E., Brescia, M., Brinchmann, J., Camera, S., Candini, G. P., Capobianco, V., Carbone, C., Carretero, J., Casas, S., Castellano, M., Cavuoti, S., Cimatti, A., Congedo, G., Conselice, C. J., Conversi, L., Copin, Y., Courbin, F., Courtois, H. M., Cropper, M., Da Silva, A., Degaudenzi, H., Di Giorgio, A. M., Dinis, J., Douspis, M., Duncan, C. A. J., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Ealet, A., Farina, M., Farrens, S., Ferriol, S., Fosalba, P., Fotopoulou, S., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Fumana, M., Galeotta, S., Garilli, B., Gillard, W., Gillis, B., Giocoli, C., Gómez-Alvarez, P., Grazian, A., Grupp, F., Guzzo, L., Hailey, M., Haugan, S. V. H., Hoar, J., Hoekstra, H., Holmes, W., Hook, I., Hormuth, F., Hornstrup, A., Hu, D., Hudelot, P., Jahnke, K., Jhabvala, M., Keihänen, E., Kermiche, S., Kiessling, A., Kitching, T., Kohley, R., Kubik, B., Kuijken, K., Kümmel, M., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lahav, O., Mignant, D. Le, Ligori, S., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., Lloro, I., Maino, D., Maiorano, E., Mansutti, O., Marggraf, O., Markovic, K., Martinet, N., Marulli, F., Massey, R., Maurogordato, S., McCracken, H. J., Medinaceli, E., Mei, S., Mellier, Y., Meneghetti, M., Merlin, E., Meylan, G., Moresco, M., Moscardini, L., Munari, E., Nakajima, R., Nichol, R. C., Niemi, S. -M., Padilla, C., Paltani, S., Pasian, F., Pedersen, K., Percival, W. J., Pettorino, V., Pires, S., Polenta, G., Poncet, M., Popa, L. A., Pozzetti, L., Raison, F., Rebolo, R., Refregier, A., Renzi, A., Rhodes, J., Riccio, G., Rix, H. -W., Romelli, E., Roncarelli, M., Rossetti, E., Saglia, R., Sapone, D., Scaramella, R., Schneider, P., Secroun, A., Seidel, G., Seiffert, M., Serrano, S., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Stanco, L., Tallada-Crespí, P., Taylor, A. N., Teplitz, H. I., Tereno, I., Toledo-Moreo, R., Tsyganov, A., Tutusaus, I., Valentijn, E. A., Valenziano, L., Vassallo, T., Kleijn, G. Verdoes, Veropalumbo, A., Wang, Y., Weller, J., Williams, O. R., Zamorani, G., Zucca, E., Baccigalupi, C., Biviano, A., Burigana, C., De Lucia, G., George, K., Scottez, V., Viel, M., Simon, P., Mora, A., Martín-Fleitas, J., and Scott, D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We make use of the unprecedented depth, spatial resolution, and field of view of the Euclid Early Release Observations of the Perseus galaxy cluster to detect and characterise the dwarf galaxy population in this massive system. The Euclid high resolution VIS and combined VIS+NIR colour images were visually inspected and dwarf galaxy candidates were identified. Their morphologies, the presence of nuclei, and their globular cluster (GC) richness were visually assessed, complementing an automatic detection of the GC candidates. Structural and photometric parameters, including Euclid filter colours, were extracted from 2-dimensional fitting. Based on this analysis, a total of 1100 dwarf candidates were found across the image, with 638 appearing to be new identifications. The majority (96%) are classified as dwarf ellipticals, 53% are nucleated, 26% are GC-rich, and 6% show disturbed morphologies. A relatively high fraction of galaxies, 8%, are categorised as ultra-diffuse galaxies. The majority of the dwarfs follow the expected scaling relations. Globally, the GC specific frequency, S_N, of the Perseus dwarfs is intermediate between those measured in the Virgo and Coma clusters. While the dwarfs with the largest GC counts are found throughout the Euclid field of view, those located around the east-west strip, where most of the brightest cluster members are found, exhibit larger S_N values, on average. The spatial distribution of the dwarfs, GCs, and intracluster light show a main iso-density/isophotal centre displaced to the west of the bright galaxy light distribution. The ERO imaging of the Perseus cluster demonstrates the unique capability of Euclid to concurrently detect and characterise large samples of dwarfs, their nuclei, and their GC systems, allowing us to construct a detailed picture of the formation and evolution of galaxies over a wide range of mass scales and environments., Comment: 44 pages, 24 figures, 5 tables, paper submitted to A&A as part of the A&A special issue `Euclid on Sky', which contains Euclid key reference papers and first results from the Euclid Early Release Observations

Published
2024

5. Euclid: Early Release Observations -- A glance at free-floating new-born planets in the sigma Orionis cluster

Author

Martín, E. L., {Ž}erjal, M., Bouy, H., Martin-Gonzalez, D., Torres, S. Mu{ň}oz, Barrado, D., Olivares, J., Pérez-Garrido, A., Mas-Buitrago, P., Cruz, P., Solano, E., Osorio, M. R. Zapatero, Lodieu, N., Béjar, V. J. S., Zhang, J. -Y., del Burgo, C., Huélamo, N., Laureijs, R., Mora, A., Saifollahi, T., Cuillandre, J. -C., Schirmer, M., Tata, R., Points, S., Phan-Bao, N., Goldman, B., Casewell, S. L., Reylé, C., Smart, R. L., Aghanim, N., Altieri, B., Andreon, S., Auricchio, N., Baldi, M., Balestra, A., Bardelli, S., Basset, A., Bender, R., Bonino, D., Branchini, E., Brescia, M., Brinchmann, J., Camera, S., Capobianco, V., Carbone, C., Carretero, J., Casas, S., Castellano, M., Cavuoti, S., Cimatti, A., Congedo, G., Conselice, C. J., Conversi, L., Copin, Y., Corcione, L., Courbin, F., Courtois, H. M., Cropper, M., Da Silva, A., Degaudenzi, H., Di Giorgio, A. M., Dinis, J., Dubath, F., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Ealet, A., Farina, M., Farrens, S., Ferriol, S., Fosalba, P., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Fumana, M., Galeotta, S., Garilli, B., Gillard, W., Gillis, B., Giocoli, C., Gómez-Alvarez, P., Grazian, A., Grupp, F., Guzzo, L., Haugan, S. V. H., Hoar, J., Hoekstra, H., Holmes, W., Hook, I., Hormuth, F., Hornstrup, A., Hu, D., Hudelot, P., Jahnke, K., Jhabvala, M., Keihänen, E., Kermiche, S., Kiessling, A., Kilbinger, M., Kitching, T., Kohley, R., Kubik, B., Kümmel, M., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Mignant, D. Le, Ligori, S., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., Lloro, I., Maino, D., Maiorano, E., Mansutti, O., Marggraf, O., Martinet, N., Marulli, F., Massey, R., Medinaceli, E., Mei, S., Melchior, M., Mellier, Y., Meneghetti, M., Meylan, G., Mohr, J. J., Moresco, M., Moscardini, L., Niemi, S. -M., Padilla, C., Paltani, S., Pasian, F., Pedersen, K., Percival, W. J., Pettorino, V., Pires, S., Polenta, G., Poncet, M., Popa, L. A., Pozzetti, L., Racca, G. D., Raison, F., Rebolo, R., Renzi, A., Rhodes, J., Riccio, G., Rix, Hans-Walter, Romelli, E., Roncarelli, M., Rossetti, E., Saglia, R., Sapone, D., Sartoris, B., Sauvage, M., Scaramella, R., Schneider, P., Secroun, A., Seidel, G., Seiffert, M., Serrano, S., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Stanco, L., Tallada-Crespí, P., Taylor, A. N., Teplitz, H. I., Tereno, I., Toledo-Moreo, R., Tsyganov, A., Tutusaus, I., Valenziano, L., Vassallo, T., Kleijn, G. Verdoes, Wang, Y., Weller, J., Williams, O. R., Zucca, E., Baccigalupi, C., Willis, G., Simon, P., Martín-Fleitas, J., and Scott, D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We provide an early assessment of the imaging capabilities of the Euclid space mission to probe deeply into nearby star-forming regions and associated very young open clusters, and in particular to check to what extent it can shed light on the new-born free-floating planet population. This paper focuses on a low-reddening region observed in just one Euclid pointing where the dust and gas has been cleared out by the hot sigma Orionis star. One late-M and six known spectroscopically confirmed L-type substellar members in the sigma Orionis cluster are used as benchmarks to provide a high-purity procedure to select new candidate members with Euclid. The exquisite angular resolution and depth delivered by the Euclid instruments allow us to focus on bona-fide point sources. A cleaned sample of sigma Orionis cluster substellar members has been produced and the initial mass function (IMF) has been estimated by combining Euclid and Gaia data. Our sigma Orionis substellar IMF is consistent with a power-law distribution with no significant steepening at the planetary-mass end. No evidence of a low-mass cutoff is found down to about 4 Jupiter masses at the young age (3 Myr) of the sigma Orionis open cluster., Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures, submitted to the A&A special issue on "Euclid on the sky"

Published
2024

6. Euclid. I. Overview of the Euclid mission

Author

Euclid Collaboration, Mellier, Y., Abdurro'uf, Barroso, J. A. Acevedo, Achúcarro, A., Adamek, J., Adam, R., Addison, G. E., Aghanim, N., Aguena, M., Ajani, V., Akrami, Y., Al-Bahlawan, A., Alavi, A., Albuquerque, I. S., Alestas, G., Alguero, G., Allaoui, A., Allen, S. W., Allevato, V., Alonso-Tetilla, A. V., Altieri, B., Alvarez-Candal, A., Alvi, S., Amara, A., Amendola, L., Amiaux, J., Andika, I. T., Andreon, S., Andrews, A., Angora, G., Angulo, R. E., Annibali, F., Anselmi, A., Anselmi, S., Arcari, S., Archidiacono, M., Aricò, G., Arnaud, M., Arnouts, S., Asgari, M., Asorey, J., Atayde, L., Atek, H., Atrio-Barandela, F., Aubert, M., Aubourg, E., Auphan, T., Auricchio, N., Aussel, B., Aussel, H., Avelino, P. P., Avgoustidis, A., Avila, S., Awan, S., Azzollini, R., Baccigalupi, C., Bachelet, E., Bacon, D., Baes, M., Bagley, M. B., Bahr-Kalus, B., Balaguera-Antolinez, A., Balbinot, E., Balcells, M., Baldi, M., Baldry, I., Balestra, A., Ballardini, M., Ballester, O., Balogh, M., Bañados, E., Barbier, R., Bardelli, S., Baron, M., Barreiro, T., Barrena, R., Barriere, J. -C., Barros, B. J., Barthelemy, A., Bartolo, N., Basset, A., Battaglia, P., Battisti, A. J., Baugh, C. M., Baumont, L., Bazzanini, L., Beaulieu, J. -P., Beckmann, V., Belikov, A. N., Bel, J., Bellagamba, F., Bella, M., Bellini, E., Benabed, K., Bender, R., Benevento, G., Bennett, C. L., Benson, K., Bergamini, P., Bermejo-Climent, J. R., Bernardeau, F., Bertacca, D., Berthe, M., Berthier, J., Bethermin, M., Beutler, F., Bevillon, C., Bhargava, S., Bhatawdekar, R., Bianchi, D., Bisigello, L., Biviano, A., Blake, R. P., Blanchard, A., Blazek, J., Blot, L., Bosco, A., Bodendorf, C., Boenke, T., Böhringer, H., Boldrini, P., Bolzonella, M., Bonchi, A., Bonici, M., Bonino, D., Bonino, L., Bonvin, C., Bon, W., Booth, J. T., Borgani, S., Borlaff, A. S., Borsato, E., Bose, B., Botticella, M. T., Boucaud, A., Bouche, F., Boucher, J. S., Boutigny, D., Bouvard, T., Bouwens, R., Bouy, H., Bowler, R. A. A., Bozza, V., Bozzo, E., Branchini, E., Brando, G., Brau-Nogue, S., Brekke, P., Bremer, M. N., Brescia, M., Breton, M. -A., Brinchmann, J., Brinckmann, T., Brockley-Blatt, C., Brodwin, M., Brouard, L., Brown, M. L., Bruton, S., Bucko, J., Buddelmeijer, H., Buenadicha, G., Buitrago, F., Burger, P., Burigana, C., Busillo, V., Busonero, D., Cabanac, R., Cabayol-Garcia, L., Cagliari, M. S., Caillat, A., Caillat, L., Calabrese, M., Calabro, A., Calderone, G., Calura, F., Quevedo, B. Camacho, Camera, S., Campos, L., Canas-Herrera, G., Candini, G. P., Cantiello, M., Capobianco, V., Cappellaro, E., Cappelluti, N., Cappi, A., Caputi, K. I., Cara, C., Carbone, C., Cardone, V. F., Carella, E., Carlberg, R. G., Carle, M., Carminati, L., Caro, F., Carrasco, J. M., Carretero, J., Carrilho, P., Duque, J. Carron, Carry, B., Carvalho, A., Carvalho, C. S., Casas, R., Casas, S., Casenove, P., Casey, C. M., Cassata, P., Castander, F. J., Castelao, D., Castellano, M., Castiblanco, L., Castignani, G., Castro, T., Cavet, C., Cavuoti, S., Chabaud, P. -Y., Chambers, K. C., Charles, Y., Charlot, S., Chartab, N., Chary, R., Chaumeil, F., Cho, H., Chon, G., Ciancetta, E., Ciliegi, P., Cimatti, A., Cimino, M., Cioni, M. -R. L., Claydon, R., Cleland, C., Clément, B., Clements, D. L., Clerc, N., Clesse, S., Codis, S., Cogato, F., Colbert, J., Cole, R. E., Coles, P., Collett, T. E., Collins, R. S., Colodro-Conde, C., Colombo, C., Combes, F., Conforti, V., Congedo, G., Conseil, S., Conselice, C. J., Contarini, S., Contini, T., Conversi, L., Cooray, A. R., Copin, Y., Corasaniti, P. -S., Corcho-Caballero, P., Corcione, L., Cordes, O., Corpace, O., Correnti, M., Costanzi, M., Costille, A., Courbin, F., Mifsud, L. Courcoult, Courtois, H. M., Cousinou, M. -C., Covone, G., Cowell, T., Cragg, C., Cresci, G., Cristiani, S., Crocce, M., Cropper, M., Crouzet, P. E, Csizi, B., Cuby, J. -G., Cucchetti, E., Cucciati, O., Cuillandre, J. -C., Cunha, P. A. C., Cuozzo, V., Daddi, E., D'Addona, M., Dafonte, C., Dagoneau, N., Dalessandro, E., Dalton, G. B., D'Amico, G., Dannerbauer, H., Danto, P., Das, I., Da Silva, A., da Silva, R., Doumerg, W. d'Assignies, Daste, G., Davies, J. E., Davini, S., Dayal, P., de Boer, T., Decarli, R., De Caro, B., Degaudenzi, H., Degni, G., de Jong, J. T. A., de la Bella, L. F., de la Torre, S., Delhaise, F., Delley, D., Delucchi, G., De Lucia, G., Denniston, J., De Paolis, F., De Petris, M., Derosa, A., Desai, S., Desjacques, V., Despali, G., Desprez, G., De Vicente-Albendea, J., Deville, Y., Dias, J. D. F., Díaz-Sánchez, A., Diaz, J. J., Di Domizio, S., Diego, J. M., Di Ferdinando, D., Di Giorgio, A. M., Dimauro, P., Dinis, J., Dolag, K., Dolding, C., Dole, H., Sánchez, H. Domínguez, Doré, O., Dournac, F., Douspis, M., Dreihahn, H., Droge, B., Dryer, B., Dubath, F., Duc, P. -A., Ducret, F., Duffy, C., Dufresne, F., Duncan, C. A. J., Dupac, X., Duret, V., Durrer, R., Durret, F., Dusini, S., Ealet, A., Eggemeier, A., Eisenhardt, P. R. M., Elbaz, D., Elkhashab, M. Y., Ellien, A., Endicott, J., Enia, A., Erben, T., Vigo, J. A. Escartin, Escoffier, S., Sanz, I. Escudero, Essert, J., Ettori, S., Ezziati, M., Fabbian, G., Fabricius, M., Fang, Y., Farina, A., Farina, M., Farinelli, R., Farrens, S., Faustini, F., Feltre, A., Ferguson, A. M. N., Ferrando, P., Ferrari, A. G., Ferré-Mateu, A., Ferreira, P. G., Ferreras, I., Ferrero, I., Ferriol, S., Ferruit, P., Filleul, D., Finelli, F., Finkelstein, S. L., Finoguenov, A., Fiorini, B., Flentge, F., Focardi, P., Fonseca, J., Fontana, A., Fontanot, F., Fornari, F., Fosalba, P., Fossati, M., Fotopoulou, S., Fouchez, D., Fourmanoit, N., Frailis, M., Fraix-Burnet, D., Franceschi, E., Franco, A., Franzetti, P., Freihoefer, J., Frenk, C. . S., Frittoli, G., Frugier, P. -A., Frusciante, N., Fumagalli, A., Fumagalli, M., Fumana, M., Fu, Y., Gabarra, L., Galeotta, S., Galluccio, L., Ganga, K., Gao, H., García-Bellido, J., Garcia, K., Gardner, J. P., Garilli, B., Gaspar-Venancio, L. -M., Gasparetto, T., Gautard, V., Gavazzi, R., Gaztanaga, E., Genolet, L., Santos, R. Genova, Gentile, F., George, K., Gerbino, M., Ghaffari, Z., Giacomini, F., Gianotti, F., Gibb, G. P. S., Gillard, W., Gillis, B., Ginolfi, M., Giocoli, C., Girardi, M., Giri, S. K., Goh, L. W. K., Gómez-Alvarez, P., Gonzalez-Perez, V., Gonzalez, A. H., Gonzalez, E. J., Gonzalez, J. C., Beauchamps, S. Gouyou, Gozaliasl, G., Gracia-Carpio, J., Grandis, S., Granett, B. R., Granvik, M., Grazian, A., Gregorio, A., Grenet, C., Grillo, C., Grupp, F., Gruppioni, C., Gruppuso, A., Guerbuez, C., Guerrini, S., Guidi, M., Guillard, P., Gutierrez, C. M., Guttridge, P., Guzzo, L., Gwyn, S., Haapala, J., Haase, J., Haddow, C. R., Hailey, M., Hall, A., Hall, D., Hamaus, N., Haridasu, B. S., Harnois-Déraps, J., Harper, C., Hartley, W. G., Hasinger, G., Hassani, F., Hatch, N. A., Haugan, S. V. H., Häußler, B., Heavens, A., Heisenberg, L., Helmi, A., Helou, G., Hemmati, S., Henares, K., Herent, O., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Heuberger, T., Hewett, P. C., Heydenreich, S., Hildebrandt, H., Hirschmann, M., Hjorth, J., Hoar, J., Hoekstra, H., Holland, A. D., Holliman, M. S., Holmes, W., Hook, I., Horeau, B., Hormuth, F., Hornstrup, A., Hosseini, S., Hu, D., Hudelot, P., Hudson, M. J., Huertas-Company, M., Huff, E. M., Hughes, A. C. N., Humphrey, A., Hunt, L. K., Huynh, D. D., Ibata, R., Ichikawa, K., Iglesias-Groth, S., Ilbert, O., Ilić, S., Ingoglia, L., Iodice, E., Israel, H., Israelsson, U. E., Izzo, L., Jablonka, P., Jackson, N., Jacobson, J., Jafariyazani, M., Jahnke, K., Jain, B., Jansen, H., Jarvis, M. J., Jasche, J., Jauzac, M., Jeffrey, N., Jhabvala, M., Jimenez-Teja, Y., Muñoz, A. Jimenez, Joachimi, B., Johansson, P. H., Joudaki, S., Jullo, E., Kajava, J. J. E., Kang, Y., Kannawadi, A., Kansal, V., Karagiannis, D., Kärcher, M., Kashlinsky, A., Kazandjian, M. V., Keck, F., Keihänen, E., Kerins, E., Kermiche, S., Khalil, A., Kiessling, A., Kiiveri, K., Kilbinger, M., Kim, J., King, R., Kirkpatrick, C. C., Kitching, T., Kluge, M., Knabenhans, M., Knapen, J. H., Knebe, A., Kneib, J. -P., Kohley, R., Koopmans, L. V. E., Koskinen, H., Koulouridis, E., Kou, R., Kovács, A., Kovačić, I., Kowalczyk, A., Koyama, K., Kraljic, K., Krause, O., Kruk, S., Kubik, B., Kuchner, U., Kuijken, K., Kümmel, M., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lacasa, F., Lacey, C. G., La Franca, F., Lagarde, N., Lahav, O., Laigle, C., La Marca, A., La Marle, O., Lamine, B., Lam, M. C., Lançon, A., Landt, H., Langer, M., Lapi, A., Larcheveque, C., Larsen, S. S., Lattanzi, M., Laudisio, F., Laugier, D., Laureijs, R., Laurent, V., Lavaux, G., Lawrenson, A., Lazanu, A., Lazeyras, T., Boulc'h, Q. Le, Brun, A. M. C. Le, Brun, V. Le, Leclercq, F., Lee, S., Graet, J. Le, Legrand, L., Leirvik, K. N., Jeune, M. Le, Lembo, M., Mignant, D. Le, Lepinzan, M. D., Lepori, F., Reun, A. Le, Leroy, G., Lesci, G. F., Lesgourgues, J., Leuzzi, L., Levi, M. E., Liaudat, T. I., Libet, G., Liebing, P., Ligori, S., Lilje, P. B., Lin, C. -C., Linde, D., Linder, E., Lindholm, V., Linke, L., Li, S. -S., Liu, S. J., Lloro, I., Lobo, F. S. N., Lodieu, N., Lombardi, M., Lombriser, L., Lonare, P., Longo, G., López-Caniego, M., Lopez, X. Lopez, Alvarez, J. Lorenzo, Loureiro, A., Loveday, J., Lusso, E., Macias-Perez, J., Maciaszek, T., Maggio, G., Magliocchetti, M., Magnard, F., Magnier, E. A., Magro, A., Mahler, G., Mainetti, G., Maino, D., Maiorano, E., Malavasi, N., Mamon, G. A., Mancini, C., Mandelbaum, R., Manera, M., Manjón-García, A., Mannucci, F., Mansutti, O., Outeiro, M. Manteiga, Maoli, R., Maraston, C., Marcin, S., Marcos-Arenal, P., Margalef-Bentabol, B., Marggraf, O., Marinucci, D., Marinucci, M., Markovic, K., Marleau, F. R., Marpaud, J., Martignac, J., Martín-Fleitas, J., Martin-Moruno, P., Martin, E. L., Martinelli, M., Martinet, N., Martin, H., Martins, C. J. A. P., Marulli, F., Massari, D., Massey, R., Masters, D. C., Matarrese, S., Matsuoka, Y., Matthew, S., Maughan, B. J., Mauri, N., Maurin, L., Maurogordato, S., McCarthy, K., McConnachie, A. W., McCracken, H. J., McDonald, I., McEwen, J. D., McPartland, C. J. R., Medinaceli, E., Mehta, V., Mei, S., Melchior, M., Melin, J. -B., Ménard, B., Mendes, J., Mendez-Abreu, J., Meneghetti, M., Mercurio, A., Merlin, E., Metcalf, R. B., Meylan, G., Migliaccio, M., Mignoli, M., Miller, L., Miluzio, M., Milvang-Jensen, B., Mimoso, J. P., Miquel, R., Miyatake, H., Mobasher, B., Mohr, J. J., Monaco, P., Monguió, M., Montoro, A., Mora, A., Dizgah, A. Moradinezhad, Moresco, M., Moretti, C., Morgante, G., Morisset, N., Moriya, T. J., Morris, P. W., Mortlock, D. J., Moscardini, L., Mota, D. F., Mottet, S., Moustakas, L. A., Moutard, T., Müller, T., Munari, E., Murphree, G., Murray, C., Murray, N., Musi, P., Nadathur, S., Nagam, B. C., Nagao, T., Naidoo, K., Nakajima, R., Nally, C., Natoli, P., Navarro-Alsina, A., Girones, D. Navarro, Neissner, C., Nersesian, A., Nesseris, S., Nguyen-Kim, H. N., Nicastro, L., Nichol, R. C., Nielbock, M., Niemi, S. -M., Nieto, S., Nilsson, K., Noller, J., Norberg, P., Nouri-Zonoz, A., Ntelis, P., Nucita, A. A., Nugent, P., Nunes, N. J., Nutma, T., Ocampo, I., Odier, J., Oesch, P. A., Oguri, M., Oliveira, D. Magalhaes, Onoue, M., Oosterbroek, T., Oppizzi, F., Ordenovic, C., Osato, K., Pacaud, F., Pace, F., Padilla, C., Paech, K., Pagano, L., Page, M. J., Palazzi, E., Paltani, S., Pamuk, S., Pandolfi, S., Paoletti, D., Paolillo, M., Papaderos, P., Pardede, K., Parimbelli, G., Parmar, A., Partmann, C., Pasian, F., Passalacqua, F., Paterson, K., Patrizii, L., Pattison, C., Paulino-Afonso, A., Paviot, R., Peacock, J. A., Pearce, F. R., Pedersen, K., Peel, A., Peletier, R. F., Ibanez, M. Pellejero, Pello, R., Penny, M. T., Percival, W. J., Perez-Garrido, A., Perotto, L., Pettorino, V., Pezzotta, A., Pezzuto, S., Philippon, A., Pierre, M., Piersanti, O., Pietroni, M., Piga, L., Pilo, L., Pires, S., Pisani, A., Pizzella, A., Pizzuti, L., Plana, C., Polenta, G., Pollack, J. E., Poncet, M., Pöntinen, M., Pool, P., Popa, L. A., Popa, V., Popp, J., Porciani, C., Porth, L., Potter, D., Poulain, M., Pourtsidou, A., Pozzetti, L., Prandoni, I., Pratt, G. W., Prezelus, S., Prieto, E., Pugno, A., Quai, S., Quilley, L., Racca, G. D., Raccanelli, A., Rácz, G., Radinović, S., Radovich, M., Ragagnin, A., Ragnit, U., Raison, F., Ramos-Chernenko, N., Ranc, C., Rasera, Y., Raylet, N., Rebolo, R., Refregier, A., Reimberg, P., Reiprich, T. H., Renk, F., Renzi, A., Retre, J., Revaz, Y., Reylé, C., Reynolds, L., Rhodes, J., Ricci, F., Ricci, M., Riccio, G., Ricken, S. O., Rissanen, S., Risso, I., Rix, H. -W., Robin, A. C., Rocca-Volmerange, B., Rocci, P. -F., Rodenhuis, M., Rodighiero, G., Monroy, M. Rodriguez, Rollins, R. P., Romanello, M., Roman, J., Romelli, E., Romero-Gomez, M., Roncarelli, M., Rosati, P., Rosset, C., Rossetti, E., Roster, W., Rottgering, H. J. A., Rozas-Fernández, A., Ruane, K., Rubino-Martin, J. A., Rudolph, A., Ruppin, F., Rusholme, B., Sacquegna, S., Sáez-Casares, I., Saga, S., Saglia, R., Sahlén, M., Saifollahi, T., Sakr, Z., Salvalaggio, J., Salvaterra, R., Salvati, L., Salvato, M., Salvignol, J. -C., Sánchez, A. G., Sanchez, E., Sanders, D. B., Sapone, D., Saponara, M., Sarpa, E., Sarron, F., Sartori, S., Sartoris, B., Sassolas, B., Sauniere, L., Sauvage, M., Sawicki, M., Scaramella, R., Scarlata, C., Scharré, L., Schaye, J., Schewtschenko, J. A., Schindler, J. -T., Schinnerer, E., Schirmer, M., Schmidt, F., Schmidt, M., Schneider, A., Schneider, M., Schneider, P., Schöneberg, N., Schrabback, T., Schultheis, M., Schulz, S., Schuster, N., Schwartz, J., Sciotti, D., Scodeggio, M., Scognamiglio, D., Scott, D., Scottez, V., Secroun, A., Sefusatti, E., Seidel, G., Seiffert, M., Sellentin, E., Selwood, M., Semboloni, E., Sereno, M., Serjeant, S., Serrano, S., Setnikar, G., Shankar, F., Sharples, R. M., Short, A., Shulevski, A., Shuntov, M., Sias, M., Sikkema, G., Silvestri, A., Simon, P., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Skottfelt, J., Slezak, E., Sluse, D., Smith, G. P., Smith, L. C., Smith, R. E., Smit, S. J. A., Soldano, F., Solheim, B. G. B., Sorce, J. G., Sorrenti, F., Soubrie, E., Spinoglio, L., Mancini, A. Spurio, Stadel, J., Stagnaro, L., Stanco, L., Stanford, S. A., Starck, J. -L., Stassi, P., Steinwagner, J., Stern, D., Stone, C., Strada, P., Strafella, F., Stramaccioni, D., Surace, C., Sureau, F., Suyu, S. H., Swindells, I., Szafraniec, M., Szapudi, I., Taamoli, S., Talia, M., Tallada-Crespí, P., Tanidis, K., Tao, C., Tarrío, P., Tavagnacco, D., Taylor, A. N., Taylor, J. E., Taylor, P. L., Teixeira, E. M., Tenti, M., Idiago, P. Teodoro, Teplitz, H. I., Tereno, I., Tessore, N., Testa, V., Testera, G., Tewes, M., Teyssier, R., Theret, N., Thizy, C., Thomas, P. D., Toba, Y., Toft, S., Toledo-Moreo, R., Tolstoy, E., Tommasi, E., Torbaniuk, O., Torradeflot, F., Tortora, C., Tosi, S., Tosti, S., Trifoglio, M., Troja, A., Trombetti, T., Tronconi, A., Tsedrik, M., Tsyganov, A., Tucci, M., Tutusaus, I., Uhlemann, C., Ulivi, L., Urbano, M., Vacher, L., Vaillon, L., Valageas, P., Valdes, I., Valentijn, E. A., Valenziano, L., Valieri, C., Valiviita, J., Broeck, M. Van den, Vassallo, T., Vavrek, R., Vega-Ferrero, J., Venemans, B., Venhola, A., Ventura, S., Kleijn, G. Verdoes, Vergani, D., Verma, A., Vernizzi, F., Veropalumbo, A., Verza, G., Vescovi, C., Vibert, D., Viel, M., Vielzeuf, P., Viglione, C., Viitanen, A., Villaescusa-Navarro, F., Vinciguerra, S., Visticot, F., Voggel, K., von Wietersheim-Kramsta, M., Vriend, W. J., Wachter, S., Walmsley, M., Walth, G., Walton, D. M., Walton, N. A., Wander, M., Wang, L., Wang, Y., Weaver, J. R., Weller, J., Wetzstein, M., Whalen, D. J., Whittam, I. H., Widmer, A., Wiesmann, M., Wilde, J., Williams, O. R., Winther, H. -A., Wittje, A., Wong, J. H. W., Wright, A. H., Yankelevich, V., Yeung, H. W., Yoon, M., Youles, S., Yung, L. Y. A., Zacchei, A., Zalesky, L., Zamorani, G., Vitorelli, A. Zamorano, Marc, M. Zanoni, Zennaro, M., Zerbi, F. M., Zinchenko, I. A., Zoubian, J., Zucca, E., and Zumalacarregui, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The current standard model of cosmology successfully describes a variety of measurements, but the nature of its main ingredients, dark matter and dark energy, remains unknown. Euclid is a medium-class mission in the Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 programme of the European Space Agency (ESA) that will provide high-resolution optical imaging, as well as near-infrared imaging and spectroscopy, over about 14,000 deg^2 of extragalactic sky. In addition to accurate weak lensing and clustering measurements that probe structure formation over half of the age of the Universe, its primary probes for cosmology, these exquisite data will enable a wide range of science. This paper provides a high-level overview of the mission, summarising the survey characteristics, the various data-processing steps, and data products. We also highlight the main science objectives and expected performance., Comment: Accepted for publication in the A&A special issue`Euclid on Sky'

Published
2024

7. Euclid. II. The VIS Instrument

Author

Euclid Collaboration, Cropper, M., Al-Bahlawan, A., Amiaux, J., Awan, S., Azzollini, R., Benson, K., Berthe, M., Boucher, J., Bozzo, E., Brockley-Blatt, C., Candini, G. P., Cara, C., Chaudery, R. A., Cole, R. E., Danto, P., Denniston, J., Di Giorgio, A. M., Dryer, B., Endicott, J., Dubois, J. -P., Farina, M., Galli, E., Genolet, L., Gow, J. P. D., Guttridge, P., Hailey, M., Hall, D., Harper, C., Holland, A. D., Horeau, B., Hu, D., King, R., James, R. E., Larcheveque, C., Khalil, A., Lawrenson, A., Liebing, P., Martignac, J., McCracken, H. J., Murray, N., Nakajima, R., Niemi, S. -M., Pendem, A., Paltani, S., Philippon, A., Pool, P., Plana, C., Pottinger, S., Racca, G. D., Rousseau, A., Ruane, K., Salatti, M., Salvignol, J. -C., Sciortino, A., Short, Alexander, Liu, S. J., Skottfelt, J., Swindells, I., Smit, S. J. A., Szafraniec, M., Thomas, P. D., Thomas, W., Tommasi, E., Winter, B., Tosti, S., Visticot, F., Walton, D. M., Willis, G., Mora, A., Kohley, R., Massey, R., Nightingale, J. W., Kitching, T., Hoekstra, H., Aghanim, N., Altieri, B., Amara, A., Andreon, S., Auricchio, N., Aussel, H., Baldi, M., Balestra, A., Bardelli, S., Basset, A., Bender, R., Bodendorf, C., Boenke, T., Bonino, D., Branchini, E., Brescia, M., Brinchmann, J., Camera, S., Capobianco, V., Carbone, C., Cardone, V. F., Carretero, J., Casas, R., Casas, S., Castander, F. J., Castellano, M., Cavuoti, S., Cimatti, A., Congedo, G., Conselice, C. J., Conversi, L., Copin, Y., Courbin, F., Courtois, H. M., Cuby, J. -G., Cuillandre, J. -C., Da Silva, A., Degaudenzi, H., Dinis, J., Dolding, C., Douspis, M., Duncan, C. A. J., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Ealet, A., Fabricius, M., Farrens, S., Ferriol, S., Fosalba, P., Fotopoulou, S., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Franzetti, P., Frugier, P. -A., Fumana, M., Galeotta, S., Garilli, B., Gillard, W., Gillis, B., Giocoli, C., Gómez-Alvarez, P., Granett, B. R., Grazian, A., Grupp, F., Guzzo, L., Haugan, S. V. H., Herent, O., Hoar, J., Holliman, M. S., Hook, I., Hormuth, F., Hornstrup, A., Hudelot, P., Jahnke, K., Jhabvala, M., Joachimi, B., Keihänen, E., Kermiche, S., Kilbinger, M., Kubik, B., Kuijken, K., Kümmel, M., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lahav, O., Laureijs, R., Ligori, S., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., Lloro, I., Alvarez, J. Lorenzo, Maino, D., Maiorano, E., Mansutti, O., Marggraf, O., Martinet, N., Marulli, F., Masters, D. C., Maurogordato, S., Medinaceli, E., Mei, S., Melchior, M., Mellier, Y., Meneghetti, M., Merlin, E., Meylan, G., Miller, L., Mohr, J. J., Moresco, M., Moscardini, L., Nichol, R. C., Nutma, T., Padilla, C., Paech, K., Pasian, F., Peacock, J. A., Pedersen, K., Percival, W. J., Pettorino, V., Pires, S., Polenta, G., Poncet, M., Popa, L. A., Pozzetti, L., Raison, F., Rebolo, R., Refregier, A., Renzi, A., Riccio, G., Rix, Hans-Walter, Romelli, E., Roncarelli, M., Rosset, C., Rossetti, E., Rottgering, H. J. A., Saglia, R., Sapone, D., Sauvage, M., Scaramella, R., Schirmer, M., Schneider, P., Schrabback, T., Secroun, A., Seidel, G., Serrano, S., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Stanco, L., Starck, J. -L., Tallada-Crespí, P., Tavagnacco, D., Taylor, A. N., Teplitz, H. I., Tereno, I., Toledo-Moreo, R., Torradeflot, F., Tutusaus, I., Valentijn, E. A., Valenziano, L., Vassallo, T., Kleijn, G. Verdoes, Veropalumbo, A., Wachter, S., Wang, Y., Weller, J., Zamorani, G., Zoubian, J., Zucca, E., Baccigalupi, C., Bernardeau, F., Biviano, A., Bolzonella, M., Boucaud, A., Burigana, C., Calabrese, M., Casenove, P., Colodro-Conde, C., Crocce, M., De Lucia, G., Di Ferdinando, D., Vigo, J. A. Escartin, Fabbian, G., Farinelli, R., Finelli, F., George, K., Gracia-Carpio, J., Ilić, S., Israel, H., Mainetti, G., Marcin, S., Martinelli, M., Mauri, N., Neissner, C., Nguyen-Kim, H. N., Pezzotta, A., Pöntinen, M., Porciani, C., Sakr, Z., Scottez, V., Sefusatti, E., Tenti, M., Viel, M., Wiesmann, M., Akrami, Y., Allevato, V., Anselmi, S., Aubourg, E., Ballardini, M., Bertacca, D., Bethermin, M., Blanchard, A., Blot, L., Borgani, S., Borlaff, A. S., Bruton, S., Cabanac, R., Calabro, A., Calderone, G., Canas-Herrera, G., Cappi, A., Carvalho, C. S., Castignani, G., Castro, T., Chambers, K. C., Chary, R., Contarini, S., Cooray, A. R., Cordes, O., Costanzi, M., Cucciati, O., Davini, S., De Caro, B., Desprez, G., Díaz-Sánchez, A., Di Domizio, S., Dole, H., Escoffier, S., Ferrari, A. G., Ferreira, P. G., Ferrero, I., Finoguenov, A., Fontana, A., Fornari, F., Gabarra, L., Ganga, K., García-Bellido, J., Gautard, V., Gaztanaga, E., Giacomini, F., Gianotti, F., Gozaliasl, G., Gregorio, A., Hall, A., Hartley, W. G., Hildebrandt, H., Hjorth, J., Huertas-Company, M., Ilbert, O., Joudaki, S., Kajava, J. J. E., Kansal, V., Karagiannis, D., Kirkpatrick, C. C., Lacasa, F., Graet, J. Le, Legrand, L., Libet, G., Loureiro, A., Macias-Perez, J., Magliocchetti, M., Mancini, C., Mannucci, F., Maoli, R., Martins, C. J. A. P., Matthew, S., Maurin, L., McPartland, C. J. R., Metcalf, R. B., Migliaccio, M., Miluzio, M., Monaco, P., Moretti, C., Morgante, G., Nadathur, S., Walton, Nicholas A., Odier, J., Oguri, M., Patrizii, L., Popa, V., Potter, D., Pourtsidou, A., Reimberg, P., Risso, I., Rocci, P. -F., Rollins, R. P., Rusholme, B., Sahlén, M., Sánchez, A. G., Scarlata, C., Schaye, J., Schewtschenko, J. A., Schneider, A., Schultheis, M., Sereno, M., Shankar, F., Sikkema, G., Silvestri, A., Simon, P., Mancini, A. Spurio, Stadel, J., Stanford, S. A., Steinwagner, J., Tanidis, K., Tao, C., Tessore, N., Testera, G., Tewes, M., Teyssier, R., Toft, S., Tosi, S., Troja, A., Tucci, M., Valieri, C., Valiviita, J., Vergani, D., Vernizzi, F., Verza, G., Vielzeuf, P., Weaver, J. R., Zalesky, L., Zinchenko, I. A., Archidiacono, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Bouvard, T., Caro, F., Dimauro, P., Duc, P. -A., Fang, Y., Ferguson, A. M. N., Gasparetto, T., Gutierrez, C. M., Kova{č}ić, I., Kruk, S., Brun, A. M. C. Le, Liaudat, T. I., Montoro, A., Murray, C., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Sarpa, E., Viitanen, A., Lesgourgues, J., and Martín-Fleitas, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

This paper presents the specification, design, and development of the Visible Camera (VIS) on the ESA Euclid mission. VIS is a large optical-band imager with a field of view of 0.54 deg^2 sampled at 0.1" with an array of 609 Megapixels and spatial resolution of 0.18". It will be used to survey approximately 14,000 deg^2 of extragalactic sky to measure the distortion of galaxies in the redshift range z=0.1-1.5 resulting from weak gravitational lensing, one of the two principal cosmology probes of Euclid. With photometric redshifts, the distribution of dark matter can be mapped in three dimensions, and, from how this has changed with look-back time, the nature of dark energy and theories of gravity can be constrained. The entire VIS focal plane will be transmitted to provide the largest images of the Universe from space to date, reaching m_AB>24.5 with S/N >10 in a single broad I_E~(r+i+z) band over a six year survey. The particularly challenging aspects of the instrument are the control and calibration of observational biases, which lead to stringent performance requirements and calibration regimes. With its combination of spatial resolution, calibration knowledge, depth, and area covering most of the extra-Galactic sky, VIS will also provide a legacy data set for many other fields. This paper discusses the rationale behind the VIS concept and describes the instrument design and development before reporting the pre-launch performance derived from ground calibrations and brief results from the in-orbit commissioning. VIS should reach fainter than m_AB=25 with S/N>10 for galaxies of full-width half-maximum of 0.3" in a 1.3" diameter aperture over the Wide Survey, and m_AB>26.4 for a Deep Survey that will cover more than 50 deg^2. The paper also describes how VIS works with the other Euclid components of survey, telescope, and science data processing to extract the cosmological information., Comment: Paper submitted as part of the A&A special issue `Euclid on Sky', which contains Euclid key reference papers and first results from the Euclid Early Release Observations

Published
2024

8. The Efficacy and Safety of Bevacizumab Plus Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors in Combination with Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy for Initially Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Author

Tang X, Chen J, Peng W, Yang Z, Hu L, Ye Z, Fu Y, Hu D, Zhou Z, Chen M, Zhang Y, and Wang JC

Subjects
hepatocellular carcinoma, immune checkpoint inhibitor, bevacizumab, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, adverse event, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Xiang Tang,1,2,* Jinbin Chen,1,2,* Wei Peng,1,2,* Zhoutian Yang,1,2 Li Hu,1,2 Zhiwei Ye,1,2 Yizhen Fu,1,2 Dandan Hu,1,2 Zhongguo Zhou,1,2 Minshan Chen,1,2 Yaojun Zhang,1,2 Jun-Cheng Wang1,2 1State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yaojun Zhang; Jun-Cheng Wang, Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People’s Republic of China, Email zhangyuj@sysucc.org.cn; wangjch@sysucc.org.cnObjection: To report the efficacy and safety of triple combination therapy with bevacizumab plus anti-PD-1 (BP1) or anti-PD-L1 inhibitors (BPL) combined with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) as a first-line treatment for initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC).Methods: In this retrospective study, patients with initially uHCC received either BP1-HAIC or BPL-HAIC as first-line treatment. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS); secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR).Results: Between January 2020 and December 2022, a total of 136 patients with initially uHCC received triple combination therapy, with 76 in the BP1-HAIC group and 60 in the BPL-HAIC group. The median PFS for the entire cohort was 11.1 months (95% CI, 8.0– 13.7 months), and the median OS was 22.4 months (95% CI, 21.3- not reached). Comparative analysis revealed no significant differences in PFS (HR, 0.91, P = 0.69) or OS (HR, 0.71, P = 0.31) between the BP1-HAIC and BPL-HAIC groups. The ORR was 46.3% per RECIST v1.1 and 66.9% per mRECIST, with a DCR of 83.1% under both criteria. Common adverse events (AEs) included hypoalbuminemia and elevated aspartate/alanine aminotransferase, with 5.1% (7/136) experienced upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Multivariate Cox analysis identified tumor number and BCLC stage as independent prognostic factors for OS, and tumor number for PFS.Conclusion: Triple combination therapy demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy and tumor response in initially uHCC. No notable differences in outcomes were observed between the BP1-HAIC and BPL-HAIC groups. AEs were manageable in clinical practice.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, immune checkpoint inhibitor, bevacizumab, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, adverse event

Published
2024

9. Pan-Cancer Screening and Validation of CALU’s Role in EMT Regulation and Tumor Microenvironment in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Author

Chen SL, Hu D, Chen TZ, Shen SY, Zhao CF, Wang C, Tong SY, Liu Z, Lin SH, Jin LX, He YB, and Zhang ZZ

Subjects
calu, cancer-associated fibroblasts, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, breast cancer, prognosis, pan-cancer analysis, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Shi-liang Chen,1,* Dan Hu,2,* Tian-zhu Chen,3,* Si-yu Shen,4,* Chen-fei Zhao,1,* Cong Wang,1 Shi-yuan Tong,5 Zhao Liu,6 Shao-hua Lin,1 Li-xia Jin,7 Yi-bo He,1 Zhe-zhong Zhang1 1Department of Clinical Lab, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Lab, The Cixi Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Medical and Health Group Cixi Red Cross Hospital, Cixi, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 5The Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of General Surgery, Shaoxing Central Hospital, Shaoxing, People’s Republic of China; 7School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhe-zhong Zhang; Yi-bo He, Department of Clinical Lab, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Email zhangzhezhong2023@163.com; heyb1992@126.comPurpose: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) significantly contribute to tumor progression and the development of resistance to therapies across a range of malignancies, notably breast cancer. This study aims to elucidate the specific role and prognostic relevance of CALU across multiple cancer types.Patients and Methods: The association between CALU expression and prognosis, along with clinical characteristics in BRCA, HNSC, KIRP, LGG, and LIHC, was analyzed using data from the TCGA, GTEx, and GEO databases. Transcriptomic analysis of TCGA BRCA project data provided insights into the interaction between CALU and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker genes. Using TIMER and TISCH databases, the correlation between CALU expression and tumor microenvironment infiltration was assessed, alongside an evaluation of CALU expression across various cell types. Furthermore, CALU’s influence on TNBC BRCA cell lines was explored, and its expression in tumor tissues was confirmed through immunohistochemical analysis of clinical samples.Results: This study revealed a consistent upregulation of CALU across several tumor types, including BRCA, KIRP, LIHC, HNSC, and LGG, with elevated CALU expression being associated with unfavorable prognoses. CALU expression was particularly enhanced in clinical contexts linked to poor outcomes. Genomic analysis identified copy number alterations as the principal factor driving CALU overexpression. Additionally, a positive correlation between CALU expression and CAF infiltration was observed, along with its involvement in the EMT process in both CAFs and malignant cells. In vitro experiments demonstrated that CALU is highly expressed in TNBC-BRCA cell lines, and knockdown of CALU effectively reversed EMT progression and inhibited cellular migration. Immunohistochemical analysis of clinical samples corroborated the elevated expression of CALU in tumors, along with alterations in EMT markers.Conclusion: This comprehensive pan-cancer analysis underscores CALU’s critical role in modulating the tumor microenvironment and facilitating cell migration via the EMT pathway, identifying it as a potential therapeutic target.Keywords: CALU, cancer-associated fibroblasts, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, breast cancer, prognosis, pan-cancer analysis

Published
2024

10. Batch test of MRPC3b for CBM-TOF/STAR-eTOF

Author

Wang, K., Zhou, J., Wang, X., Li, X., Hu, D., and Sun, Y.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment is one of the major scientific spectrometers of the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Darmstadt. As one of the core sub-systems in CBM experiment for charged hadron identification, the Time-of-Flight (TOF) system is required to have a time resolution better than 80 ps. According to the final state particle flux distribution, the CBM-TOF will be constructed with several types of Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC). In the outer region of the TOF wall where the particle fluxes are around 1 kHz/cm2, MRPCs with ultra-thin float glass electrodes are considered as a cost effective solution. MRPC3b prototypes have been developed and tested with excellent performance which could meet all the requirements. Before the construction of CBM-TOF, approximately 80 MRPC3bs are assembled for the STAR endcap TOF (STAR-eTOF) upgrade at RHIC as part of the FAIR Phase-0 programs for CBM-TOF which provides a valuable opportunity for detector stability test under high flux environments. This paper will introduce the batch test of the MRPC3bs for STAR-eTOF upgrade. Time resolution of better than 70 ps and efficiency of around 95% are achieved. Notably, during the batch test, it has been observed that the noise rates of the two edge strips in each counter are significantly higher than those of the middle strips. Simulations with Computer Simulation Technology (CST)Studio Suite are carried out and several kinds of MRPC prototypes are designed and tested accordingly. Based on the simulation and test results, the design of the MRPC3b has been further optimized, resulting in a significant suppression of noise rates in the edge strips., Comment: 18 pages,12 figures

Published
2023

12. Design and performance testing of a T0 detector for the CSR External-target Experiment

Author

Hu, D., Wang, X., Shao, M., Zhou, Y., Ye, S., Zhao, L., Sun, Y., Lu, J., and Xu, H.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Cooling Storage Ring (CSR) External-target Experiment (CEE) at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL), China, is the first multi-purpose nuclear physics experimental device to operate in the Giga electron-volt (GeV) energy range. The primary goals of the CEE are to study the bulk properties of dense matter and to understand the quantum chromo-dynamic (QCD) phase diagram by measuring the charged particles produced in heavy-ion collisions in the target region with a large acceptance. The CEE is a spectrometer that focuses on charged final-state particle measurements running on the HIRFL-CSR. The time-of-flight (TOF) system is critical for identifying charged particles in the GeV energy region. In the CEE spectrometer, the TOF system consists of three parts: T0, internal TOF, and external TOF, which are used for the final-state particle identification. The T0 detector provides a high-precision start time for the TOF system by measuring the crossing time of the heavy ion beam. This study details the design, performance simulation, and performance testing of the T0 detector. The simulation results and heavy-ion beam test show that the T0 detector prototype has an excellent time resolution, which is better than 30 ps, and fulfills the requirements of the CEE., Comment: 20 pages,19 figures

Published
2023

13. Emerging Nanotherapeutic Approaches for Diabetic Wound Healing

Author

Shi S, Hu L, Hu D, Ou X, and Huang Y

Subjects
diabetic wounds, nanoparticle, biomaterials, delivery system, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Shaoyan Shi, Leiming Hu, Dong Hu, Xuehai Ou, Yansheng Huang Department of Hand Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yansheng Huang, Department of Hand Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710000, People’s Republic of China, Email yshg1991@163.comAbstract: Diabetic wounds pose a significant challenge in modern healthcare due to their chronic and complex nature, often resulting in delayed healing, infections, and, in severe cases, amputations. In recent years, nanotherapeutic approaches have emerged as promising strategies to address the unique pathophysiological characteristics of diabetic wounds. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in nanotherapeutics for diabetic wound treatment. We discuss various nanomaterials and delivery systems employed in these emerging therapies. Furthermore, we explore the integration of biomaterials to enhance the efficacy of nanotherapeutic interventions. By examining the current state-of-the-art research, challenges, and prospects, this review aims to offer valuable insights for researchers, clinicians, and healthcare professionals working in the field of diabetic wound care.Keywords: diabetic wounds, nanoparticle, biomaterials, DELIVERY system

Published
2024

14. Therapeutic Potential of Natural Resources Against Endometriosis: Current Advances and Future Perspectives

Author

Gu X, Zhou H, Miao M, Hu D, Wang X, Zhou J, Teichmann AT, Yang Y, and Wang C

Subjects
endometriosis, treatment, multiple component prescriptions, extracts of plants/herbs, purified compounds, mechanisms, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Xia Gu,1,2,* Hui Zhou,1,* Mengyue Miao,1 Daifeng Hu,1 Xinyue Wang,3 Jing Zhou,4 Alexander Tobias Teichmann,1 Youzhe Yang,1,5 Chunyan Wang1 1Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Leshan People’s Hospital, Leshan, 614003, People’s Republic of China; 3The Basic Medical College, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Endocrinology, Chengdu Third People’s Hospital, Chengdu, 610014, People’s Republic of China; 5Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Youzhe Yang; Chunyan Wang, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, NO. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China, Email yangyouzhe@swmu.edu.cn; wangchunyan6813@swmu.edu.cnAbstract: Endometriosis (EMS) is defined as the appearance, growth, infiltration, and repeated bleeding of endometrioid tissue (glands and stroma) outside the uterus cavity, which can form nodules and masses. Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory estrogen-dependent disease and occurs in women of reproductive age. This disorder may significantly affect the quality of life of patients. The pathogenic processes involved in the development and maintenance of endometriosis remain unclear. Current treatment options for endometriosis mainly include drug therapy and surgery. Drug therapy mainly ties to the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and hormonal drugs. However, these drugs may produce adverse effects when used for long-term treatment of endometriosis, such as nausea, vomiting gastrointestinal reactions, abnormal liver and kidney function, gastric ulcers, and thrombosis. Although endometriosis lesions can be surgically removed, the disease has a high recurrence rate after surgical resection, with a recurrence rate of 21.5% within 2 years and 40% to 50% within 5 years. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop alternative or additional therapies for the treatment of endometriosis. In this review, we give a systematic summary of therapeutic multiple component prescriptions (including traditional Chinese medicine and so on), bioactive crude extracts of plants/herbs and purified compounds and their newly found mechanisms reported in literature in recent years against endometriosis.Keywords: endometriosis, treatment, multiple component prescriptions, extracts of plants/herbs, purified compounds, mechanisms

Published
2024

15. The Effect of Lidocaine-Prilocaine Cream Combined with or Without Remimazolam on VAS and APAIS Anxiety Score in Patient Undergoing Spinal Anesthesia

Author

Liang S, Li S, Zhong Z, Luo Q, Nie C, Hu D, and Li Y

Subjects
preoperative anxiety, apais, spinal anesthesia, lidocaine-prilocaine, remimazolam, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Shuqing Liang, Shuai Li, Zhao Zhong, Qichen Luo, Cai Nie, Donghua Hu, Yalan Li Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yalan Li, Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 613 Huangpu West Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-20-38688779, Email tyalan@jnu.edu.cnPurpose: This study aimed to investigate patients’ expectative pain of spinal anesthesia puncture and anxiety pre-anesthesia, and to examine the effect of lidocaine-prilocaine cream and remimazolam prior to spinal anesthesia puncture on pain relief and anxiety release.Methods: Patients undergoing spinal anesthesia were divided into control, lidocaine-prilocaine cream, and lidocaine-prilocaine cream with remimazolam groups. A questionnaire consisting of The Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) and patient’s concerns and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate patient’s anxiety and pain. The primary outcomes were differences in VAS and anxiety scores. Patient’s spinal anesthesia-related concerns, advent events and hemodynamic index were also recorded.Results: The expected spinal anesthesia puncture pain was 5.34± 0.27 and anxiety scores before spinal anesthesia was 10.88 ± 0.64. A statistically significant positive correlation of 31.3% was detected between VAS and APAIS scores (r = 0.313; P=0.003). The VAS score at the time of puncture decreased by 29.7% (3.78± 0.40, P=0.001) in lidocaine-prilocaine cream group and 29.2% (3.75± 0.39, P=0.001) in lidocaine-prilocaine cream with remimazolam group compared with the expected VAS score. Lidocaine-prilocaine cream combined with or without remimazolam reduced the percentage of moderate pain (21.4% and 31.3% vs 50.0%, P=0.0001) and increased mild pain (60.7% vs 59.4% vs 22.7%, P=0.03). Anxiety score in lidocaine-prilocaine cream group was reduced by 2.84 (8.04± 0.76 vs 10.88 ± 0.46, P=0.05) when compared with pre-anesthesia. Concerns about postoperative pain (P=0.03) and fear of the needle or intervention (P=0.000) both decreased post-anesthesia among groups.Conclusion: Approximately half of the patients scheduled for spinal anesthesia experienced a moderate level of preoperative anxiety. The patient’s pain expectation from the spinal anesthesia puncture was moderate, which was higher than the actual pain. Lidocaine-prilocaine cream with or without remimazolam sedative before spinal anesthesia puncture reduced the patient’s pain and anxiety scores after surgery.Keywords: preoperative anxiety, APAIS, spinal anesthesia, lidocaine-prilocaine, remimazolam

Published
2024

16. Comparison of Infection Risks Between Various Inhaled and Intranasal Corticosteroids: A Pharmacovigilance Analysis Based on the FAERS Database

Author

Lan Y, Hu D, Huang S, Ma Q, Chen L, Xu M, and He Q

Subjects
data mining, faers, ics, incs, pharmacovigilance, infections, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Ying Lan,1 Die Hu,1 Shijing Huang,1 Qing Ma,1 Li Chen,2,3 Min Xu,1 Qin He1 1Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain; 3Department of Pharmacy and Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Ying Lan; Li Chen, Email lanying0212@126.com; chenl_hxey@scu.edu.cnPurpose: This study conducted a pharmacovigilance analysis based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database to compare the infection risk of inhaled or nasal Beclomethasone, Fluticasone, Budesonide, Ciclesonide, Mometasone, and Triamcinolone Acetonide.Methods: We used proportional imbalance analysis to evaluate the correlation between ICS /INCs and infection events. The data was extracted from the FAERS database from April 2015 to September 2023. Further analysis was conducted on the clinical characteristics, site of infection, and pathogenic bacteria of ICS and INCs infection adverse events (AEs). We used bubble charts to display their top 5 infection adverse events.Results: We analyzed 21,837 reports of infection AEs related to ICS and INCs, with an average age of 62.12 years. Among them, 61.14% of infection reports were related to females. One-third of infections reported to occur in the lower respiratory tract with Fluticasone, Budesonide, Ciclesonidec, and Mometasone; over 40% of infections reported by Triamcinolone Acetonide were eye infections; the rate of oral infections caused by Beclomethasone were 7.39%. The reported rates of fungal and viral infections caused by beclomethasone were 21.15% and 19.2%, respectively. The mycobacterial infections caused by Budesonide and Ciclesonidec account for 3.29% and 2.03%, respectively. Bubble plots showed that the ICS group had more fungal infections, oral infections, pneumonia, tracheitis, etc. The INCs group had more eye symptoms, rhinitis, sinusitis, nasopharyngitis, etc.Conclusion: Women who use ICS and INCs are more prone to infection events. Compared to Budesonide, Fluticasone seemed to have a higher risk of pneumonia and oral candidiasis. Mometasone might lead to more upper respiratory tract infections. The risk of oral infection was higher with Beclomethasone. Beclomethasone causes more fungal and viral infections, while Ciclesonide and Budesonide are more susceptible to mycobacterial infections.Keywords: data mining, FAERS, ICS, INCs, pharmacovigilance, infections

Published
2024

17. R & D of prototype iTOF-MRPC at CEE

Author

Zhou, Y., Hu, D., Wang, X., Shao, M., Zhao, L., Sun, Y., Lu, J., and Xua, H.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The cooling storage ring (CSR) external-target experiment (CEE) is a spectrometer running at the Heavy Ion Research Facility (HIRFL) at Lanzhou. The CEE is the first large-scale nuclear physics experimental device by China to operate in the fixed-target mode with an energy of 1 GeV. The purpose of the CEE is to study the properties of dense nuclear matter. CEE uses a multi-gap resistive plate chamber (MRPC) as its internal time-of-flight (iTOF) detector for the identification of final-state particles. An iTOF-MRPC prototype with 24 gaps was designed to meet the requirements of CEE, and the readout electronics of the prototype use the FPGA-based time digitization technology. Using cosmic ray tests, the time resolution of the iTOF prototype was found to be approximately 30 ps. In order to further understand how to improve the time resolution of MRPC, ANSYS HFSS was used to simulate the signal transmission process in MRPC. The main factors affecting the timing performance of the MRPC and, accordingly, the optimization scheme are presented., Comment: 11 pages,9 figures

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. The Impact of Sunshine Duration on Myopia in Central China: Insights from Populational and Spatial Analysis in Hubei

Author

Ma R, Zhou L, Li W, Li Y, Hu D, Lu Y, Zhang C, and Yi B

Subjects
myopia, sunshine duration, children, spatial analysis, moran’s index, epidemiology, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Runting Ma, Lianhong Zhou, Wenping Li, Yuanjin Li, Diewenjie Hu, Yi Lu, Cancan Zhang, Beixi Yi Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Lianhong Zhou, Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 027-88041911-81219, Email zlh681102@aliyun.comPurpose: This study aimed to analyze myopia distribution in Hubei and the impact of regional Sunshine Duration on myopia in children and adolescents.Patients and Methods: The Cross-sectional study included students (kindergarten to grade 12) through multistage cluster stratified sampling in 17 cities (103 areas) of Hubei, China, who underwent ophthalmic examinations from September 2021 to November 2021. The association of sunshine duration with the prevalence and distribution of myopia was analyzed. Using Moran’s index to quantify the distribution relationship, a spatial analysis was constructed.Results: A total of 435,996 students (53.33% male; mean age, 12.16± 3.74 years) were included in the study. A negative association was identified between myopia prevalence and sunshine duration in the region, especially in population of primary students (r=− 0.316, p< 0.001). Each 1-unit increment in the sunshine duration was associated with a decreased risk of myopia prevalence (OR=0.996; 95% CI, 0.995– 0.998; P < 0.001). Regression showed a linear relationship between sunshine duration and myopia rates of primary school students [Prevalence%= (− 0.1331&ast;sunshine duration+47.73)%, p = 0.02]. Sunshine duration influenced the distribution of myopia rates among primary (Moran’s I=− 0.206, p< 0.001) and junior high school (Moran’s I=− 0.183, p=0.002). Local spatial analysis showed that areas with low sunshine duration had high myopia prevalence concentration.Conclusion: This study revealed sunshine duration associations with myopia prevalence at the regional and population levels. The results may emphasize the significance of promptly implementing myopia control in regions with poor sunshine. The effect of sunshine on myopia is pronounced in the early years of education, especially in primary students.Keywords: myopia, sunshine duration, children, Spatial Analysis, Moran’s Index, epidemiology

Published
2024

19. A Case Report of Malignant Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumors of the Uterus and Literature Review

Author

Hu D, Miao M, Zhou H, Gu X, Wang X, Teichmann AT, Wang Q, and Yang Y

Subjects
perivascular epithelioid cell tumors, uterus, malignant, rare case, cervix, Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991
Abstract

Daifeng Hu,1,&ast; Mengyue Miao,1,&ast; Hui Zhou,1 Xia Gu,1,2 Xuedan Wang,3 Alexander Tobias Teichmann,1 Qin Wang,1 Youzhe Yang1,2 1Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China; 2Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Qin Wang; Youzhe Yang, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, NO. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China, Email wangq@swmu.edu.cn; yangyouzhe@swmu.edu.cnAbstract: Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) are rare mesenchymal tumors originating from perivascular epithelioid cells. In gynecological system, the uterus is one of the most common sites affected by PEComas. Most PEComas are benign, and patients usually have a good prognosis. However, malignant uterus PEComa is rare, and better comprehensive epidemiological investigations are needed. To date, there are a few reported cases of uterus PEComa. We herein report a rare case of malignant PEComa occurred in the uterine corpus and cervix, possibly accompanied by pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (PLAM). In addition, 55 cases of malignant uterus PEComa were picked out and collected in the data base of PubMed and Medline. On the one hand, the age of onset, population distribution, clinical manifestations, metastatic sites and routes of metastasis were analysed. On the other hand, a summary of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatments of uterus PEComa was given.Keywords: perivascular epithelioid cell tumors, uterus, malignant, rare case, cervix

Published
2024

20. Infectious Diarrhea Caused by Nocardia farcinica in a 19-Month-Old Child

Author

Yang J, Hu D, Yin K, Li F, and Shi D

Subjects
nocardia farcinica, diarrhea, virulence factors, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Jing Yang,1,&ast; Dixia Hu,2,&ast; Kaige Yin,3 Fang Li,4 Dongyan Shi5 1Hebei Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Lab, Zhangjiakou First Hospital, Zhangjiakou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Clinical Lab, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Dongyan Shi, Email shidongyan73@126.comBackground: Nocardia farcinica, a pathogen known for its strong pathogenicity, is frequently implicated in skin, central nervous system, and lung infections among immunosuppressed hosts, while intestinal nocardiosis is rare. We report the case of infectious diarrhea caused by N. farcinica in a child.Case Presentation: A 19-month-old female child was admitted to the hospital with fever and diarrhea after the consumption of oranges. The etiological agent responsible for the diarrhea was identified through the examination of fecal smears using weak acid-fast staining and conducting fecal cultures. Whole-genome sequencing was employed to analyze the causative gene. Subsequent to a 5-day treatment regimen with amoxicillin-clavulanate at a dosage of 30 mg/kg every 12 hours, the child’s condition improved significantly, leading to an uncomplicated discharge.Conclusion: This case illustrates the presence of intestine virulence factors in N. farcinica capable of causing diarrhea. The utilization of weak acid-fast staining in the examination of fecal smears is crucial for the accurate diagnosis of infectious diarrhea caused by Nocardia spp.Keywords: Nocardia farcinica, diarrhea, virulence factors

Published
2024

21. Emerging Strategies to Overcome Current CAR-T Therapy Dilemmas - Exosomes Derived from CAR-T Cells

Author

Hu D, Yang R, Wang G, Li H, Fan X, and Liang G

Subjects
tumor, car-t cells, immune escape, exosome, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Dong Hu,1 Ruyue Yang,1 Guidan Wang,2 Hao Li,1 Xulong Fan,1 Gaofeng Liang1 1School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471023, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471023, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Gaofeng Liang, School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471023, People’s Republic of China, Email lgfeng990448@163.comAbstract: Adoptive T cells immunotherapy, specifically chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T), has shown promising therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of hematologic malignancies. As extensive research on CAR-T therapies has been conducted, various challenges have emerged that significantly hampered their clinical application, including tumor recurrence, CAR-T cell exhaustion, and cytokine release syndrome (CRS). To overcome the hurdles of CAR-T therapy in clinical treatment, cell-free emerging therapies based on exosomes derived from CAR-T cells have been developed as an effective and promising alternative approach. In this review, we present CAR-T cell-based therapies for the treatment of tumors, including the features and benefits of CAR-T therapies, the limitations that exist in this field, and the measures taken to overcome them. Furthermore, we discuss the notable benefits of utilizing exosomes released from CAR-T cells in tumor treatment and anticipate potential issues in clinical trials. Lastly, drawing from previous research on exosomes from CAR-T cells and the characteristics of exosomes, we propose strategies to overcome these restrictions. Additionally, the review discusses the plight in large-scale preparation of exosome and provides potential solutions for future clinical applications.Keywords: tumor, CAR-T cells, immune escape, exosome

Published
2024

22. Efficacy and Safety of Conversion Surgery for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy

Author

Li W, Zheng Z, Wang J, Wu T, Pan Y, Chen J, Hu D, Xu L, Zhang Y, Chen M, and Zhou Z

Subjects
hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, conversion therapy, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Wenxuan Li,1,&ast; Zhikai Zheng,2,3,&ast; Jiongliang Wang,2,3,&ast; Tianqing Wu,2,3,&ast; Juncheng Wang,2,3 Yangxun Pan,2,3 Jinbin Chen,2,3 Dandan Hu,2,3 Li Xu,2,3 Yaojun Zhang,2,3 Minshan Chen,2,3 Zhongguo Zhou2,3 1Cancer Center, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Juncheng Wang; Zhongguo Zhou, Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Dongfeng Road East 651, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-20-87343115 ; +86-20-87343117, Email wangjch@sysucc.org.cn; zhouzhg@sysucc.org.cnPurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of conversion surgery for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC).Patients and Methods: Data from 172 HCC patients treated at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between January 2016 and June 2021 with effective assessment of HAIC treatment response were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical pathological data, treatment process, survival, and occurrence of adverse events were recorded. Patients were grouped according to whether they achieved imaging remission after HAIC, underwent conversion surgery, and met the surgical resection criteria. Efficacy and safety were analyzed.Results: The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in the imaging remission group were 8.6 months and 26.3 months, respectively, which were longer than the 4.6 months (P< 0.05) and 15.6 months (P< 0.05) in the nonremission group. Compared with 6.7 months and 18.9 months in the HAIC maintenance group, the median PFS and median OS in the conversion surgery group were 16.5 months (P< 0.05) and 45.0 months (P< 0.05), but there was a higher risk of treatment-related hemoglobin decrease, alanine aminotransferase increase, aspartate aminotransferase increase, and total bilirubin increase (P< 0.05). The risk of biliary fistula, abdominal hemorrhage and ascites in the HAIC conversion surgery group was higher than that of the single surgery group (P< 0.05). Compared with the conversion surgery group, the median PFS and median OS of patients in the HAIC maintenance group who met the resection criteria were shorter: 7.1 months (P< 0.05) and 21.7 months (P< 0.05), respectively. All adverse events during the study were less than moderate, and no toxicity-related deaths occurred during follow-up.Conclusion: HAIC-based conversion therapy had acceptable toxic effects and could effectively stabilize intrahepatic lesions in advanced HCC, improve the survival benefit of patients, and provide some patients with the opportunity for conversion surgery to further improve prognosis.Keywords: hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, conversion therapy

Published
2024

23. CEE inner TOF prototype design and preliminary test results

Author

Wang, X, Hu, D, Shao, M, Zhao, L, Sun, Y, Lu, J, Xu, H, and Zhou, Y

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The Cooling Storage Ring (CSR) External-target Experiment(CEE) is the first multi-purpose nuclear physics experimental device to operate in the GeV energy range at the Heavy-Ion Research Facility(HIRFL-CSR) in Lanzhou, China. The primary goals of the CEE are to study the bulk properties of dense matter and to understand the quantum chromo-dynamic (QCD) phase diagram by measuring the charged particles produced in heavy-ion collisions at the target region with a large acceptance. An inner time of flight (iTOF) system has been proposed to measure the multiplicity, angular distribution, and time information of the charged particles. Herein, we introduce the performance requirements of iTOF according to calculations and GEANT4 simulations. The proposed system is characterized by high granularity and time performance, hence, the conceptual design of the iTOF wall adopts high granularity Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC) with a time resolution of around 30 ps. To evaluate the MRPC design, the cosmic ray test was performed. A timing resolution better than 28 ps and an efficiency better than 98% has been achieved for MIPs, as interpreted by the cosmic ray GEANT4 simulation of time jitter components., Comment: 15 pages,13 figures

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. Identification and Validation of Genes Related to Macrophage Polarization and Cell Death Modes Under Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

Author

Yang Z, Wang J, Pi J, Hu D, Xu J, Zhao Y, and Wang Y

Subjects
macrophage polarization, cell death modes, mycobacterium tuberculosis, bioinformatics analysis, biomarkers, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Zisha Yang,1,2,&ast; Jiajun Wang,1,2,&ast; Jiang Pi,1– 3,&ast; Di Hu,1,2 Junfa Xu,1,2 Yi Zhao,1,2,4 Yan Wang1,4 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523713, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, People’s Republic of China; 3The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, People’s Republic of China; 4Microbiology and Immunology Department, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yan Wang; Yi Zhao, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1 Xincheng Avenue, Songshan Lake, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, 523808, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 769 2289 6038, Email wycomnet2023@163.com; zhaoyicomnet@gdmu.edu.cnPurpose: To investigate the correlation between M1/M2 macrophages (M1/M2 M&phis;) and cell death mode under Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection.Methods: Raw gene expression profiles were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Genes related to different cell death modes were collected from the KEGG, FerrDb and GSEA databases. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the gene expression profiles were identified using the limma package in R. The intersection genes of M1/M2 M&phis; with different cell death modes were obtained by the VennDiagram package. Hub genes were obtained by constructing the protein–protein interactions (PPI) network and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The expression of cell death modes marker genes and Hub genes were verified by Western Blot and Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR).Results: Bioinformatics analysis was performed to screen Hub genes of Mtb-infected M1 M&phis; and different cell death modes, naming NFKB1, TNF, CFLAR, TBK1, IL6, RELA, SOCS1, AIM2; Hub genes of Mtb-infected M2 M&phis; and different cell death modes, naming TNF, BIRC3, MAP1LC3C, DEPTOR, UVRAG, SOCS1. Combined with experimental validation, M1 M&phis; under Mtb infection showed higher expression of death (including apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis) genes compared to M2 M&phis; and genes such as NFKB1, TNF, CFLAR, TBK1, IL6, RELA, AIM2, BIRC3, DEPTOR show differential expression.Conclusion: NFKB1, TNF, CFLAR, TBK1, IL6, RELA, AIM2 in Mtb-infected M1 M&phis;, and TNF, BIRC3, DEPTOR in Mtb-infected M2 M&phis; might be used as potential diagnostic targets for TB. At early stage of Mtb infection, apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis occurred more significantly in M1 M&phis; than that in M2 M&phis;, which may contribute to the transition of Mtb-infected M&phis; from M1-dominant to M2-dominant and contribute to the immune escape mechanisms of Mtb.Keywords: macrophage polarization, cell death modes, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, bioinformatics analysis, biomarkers

Published
2024

25. The Translation, Culture-Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale Among Chinese Older Population

Author

Zhang S, Yu M, Zhang Y, Liang C, Hu D, Wang DW, and Meng X

Subjects
cardiac rehabilitation, internal reliability, cross-cultural adaptation, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis., Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Sisi Zhang,1 Miao Yu,2 Yu Zhang,2 Conying Liang,2 Dayi Hu,1 Dao Wen Wang,1 Xiaoping Meng2 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiaoping Meng, Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, &num;1473 Gongnong Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun, 130000, People’s Republic of China, Email xiopingmeng@126.comPurpose: This study aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt the cardiac rehabilitation barriers scale to the Chinese, and examine its reliability and validity among the older population.Methods: An approach comprising translation, cultural adaptation, reliability, and validity examination in the Chinese version was conducted in two hospitals in Jilin, China. The t-tests were used to compare the sex differences between each item. Participants included Chinese individuals > 60 who were eligible for the cardiac rehabilitation program.Results: In total, 325 participants completed the questionnaire with an average age of 61.23 ± 9.68 years. The item-total correlations were 0.432 to 0.678. Factor analysis of CRBS-C (Kaiser Meyer Olkin = 0.867, Bartlett’s test p = 0.000) revealed four factors: logistical factors, comorbidities/functional status, perceived need/healthcare factors, and work/time conflict. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated a good model fit (χ 2/df = 1.84, RMSEA = 0.051, CFI = 0.953, TLI = 0.945, SRMR=0.046). Cronbach’s alpha was 0.88 for the scale, ranging from 0.801 to 0.88 for each item, which indicates the internal reliability was acceptable.Conclusion: The Chinese version of the CRRS has acceptable reliability and validity in the Chinese elderly population.Keywords: cardiac rehabilitation, internal reliability, cross-cultural adaptation, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis

Published
2024

26. Higher Virulence Renders K2 Klebsiella pneumoniae a Stable Share Among Those from Pyogenic Liver Abscess

Author

Dong M, Ma X, Wang D, Zhang J, Yu L, Yang Q, Hu D, and Qiao D

Subjects
klebsiella pneumoniae, pyogenic liver abscess, serotype, virulence, gene, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Min Dong,1,&ast; Xiumin Ma,2,&ast; Donglian Wang,3,&ast; Xiaobo Ma,4 Jin Zhang,5 Lianhua Yu,5 Qing Yang,6 Dakang Hu,5,7 Dengyan Qiao8 1Department of Pulmonary Diseases (Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine), Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China; 2State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Laboratory Center, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University (Xiamen Key Laboratory of Genetic Testing), Xiamen, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 8Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Dakang Hu; Dengyan Qiao, Email 18111220048@fudan.edu.cn; 2985998299@qq.comObjective: To explore why serotype K2 accounts for a stable share in Klebsiella pneumoniae from pyogenic liver abscess (PLA).Methods: Totally 15 K2 K. pneumoniae strains from PLA, 21 K2 from non-PLA, and 31 K1 from PLA were collected from China. Sequence typing, molecular serotyping, regular PCR, and Galleria mellonella lethality were performed. A total of 12 virulence genes were detected: peg-344, allS, p-rmpA, p-rmpA2, c-rmpA, fimH, mrkD, iucA, iroN, irp2, entB, and wzi. The differences between K2 K. pneumoniae strains from PLA and non-PLA were investigated along with K1 ones.Results: Significant differences were found between K2 strains from PLA and non-PLA for the rates of virulence genes peg-344 and iucA. The latter group also showed more diverse sequence types than the former. Significant differences were only found for virulence genes allS and irp2 between K1 and K2 strains from PLA. Based on the equal virulence factors backgrounds other than serotypes, K2 strain is more virulent than K1 as G. mellonella lethality confirmed. Gene p-rmpA only brings equal virulence to p-rmpA plus p-rmpA2 in K2 strain.Conclusion: Based on the same virulence factors backgrounds except serotypes, K2 K. pneumoniae is more virulent than K1 from PLA, which provides a survival advantage to maintain a stable share.Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae, pyogenic liver abscess, serotype, virulence, gene

Published
2024

27. A Low Eosinophil to Platelet Ratio as a Worse Prognostic Index for Emergency Department Attendance in Acute Exacerbation of COPD

Author

Hu D, Huang J, Zhao W, Xu M, Ma Y, Gong Z, Zhang Q, and Zhao H

Subjects
eosinophil, copd, eosinophil to platelet ratio, emergency department, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Dapeng Hu,1,2 Junwen Huang,1 Wenqu Zhao,1 Maosheng Xu,1 Yanyan Ma,1 Zhaoqian Gong,1 Qian Zhang,1 Haijin Zhao1 1Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Emergency Medicine, Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning, 116001, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Haijin Zhao, Chronic Airway Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-2062787112, Email zhjin@smu.edu.cnPurpose: Identifying prognosis for patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is challenging. Eosinophils and platelet are involved in the development of COPD, which may predict adverse events. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the eosinophil to platelet ratio (EPR) in predicting adverse events in patients with AECOPD who visited the emergency department.Patients and Methods: The records of patients with AECOPD treated at Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The relationship between the clinical characteristics and EPR, as cut-off value of 0.755, was evaluated.Results: A total of 508 patients with an AECOPD (316 male, 192 female) were included. An optimal AUC cutoff of 0.755 for the EPR segregated the patients into 2 groups with significantly different mortality (25.3% vs 5.5%, P < 0.001). The same mortality risk with lower EPR was observed among the patients with emergency room attendance (35.6% vs 11.1%, P < 0.001). A model including EPR < 0.755, exacerbation history, PaO2 < 60mmHg, PaCO2 > 50 mm Hg, hypoalbuminemia and age ≥ 80 was developed to predict death risk and showed good performance.Conclusion: During severe COPD exacerbation, an EPR < 0.755 preceding therapy can predict worse outcomes in patients with an AECOPD.Keywords: eosinophil, COPD, eosinophil to platelet ratio, emergency department

Published
2024

28. Systemic Inflammation Score Using Pretherapeutic Inflammatory Markers to Predict Prognosis for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients After Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy

Author

Wu T, Zheng Z, Wang J, He M, Pan Y, Chen J, Hu D, Zhang Y, Xu L, Chen M, and Zhou Z

Subjects
hcc, systemic inflammation score, nomogram, prognosis., Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Tianqing Wu,1,2,&ast; Zhikai Zheng,1,2,&ast; Jiongliang Wang,1,2,&ast; Minrui He,1,2,&ast; Juncheng Wang,1,2 Yangxun Pan,1,2 Jinbin Chen,1,2 Dandan Hu,1,2 Yaojun Zhang,1,2 Li Xu,1,2 Minshan Chen,1,2 Zhongguo Zhou1,2 1State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhongguo Zhou, Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Dongfeng Road East 651, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People’s Republic of China, Email zhouzhg@sysucc.org.cnPurpose: To assess the clinical value of the pretherapeutic systemic inflammation score (SIS) in predicting the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC).Methods: From February 2016 to April 2021, 415 advanced HCC patients who underwent HAIC at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were randomly divided into training (n = 277) and validation cohorts (n = 138) and analyzed. The aspartate aminotransferase–alanine aminotransferase ratio (AAR), lymphocyte × albumin (L × A), and neutrophil × monocyte (N × M) were used to construct the SIS score based on a multivariate Cox analysis in the training cohort. A nomogram consisting of the SIS score was created and evaluated by calibration plot, areas under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).Results: Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses revealed that the SIS score was an independent predictor of OS. A high SIS score was associated with large tumor size (P < 0.05), multiple lesions (P < 0.01), high AFP level (P < 0.01), extrahepatic metastasis (P < 0.05), and advanced BCLC stage (P < 0.01). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that the patients with a high SIS had shorter OS than those with a low SIS in both the non-PD (p = 0.015) and PD group (p = 0.023). The calibration plots showed good concordance between the nomogram’s prediction and the actual observations in both the training and validation cohorts. In the training cohort, the AUCs of the nomogram predicting the 2-year and 3-year survival rates were 0.749 and 0.739, respectively; in the validation cohort, they were 0.760 and 0.681, respectively. Based on the AUC and DCA, the nomogram showed better predictive ability than other predictors.Conclusion: The pretherapeutic SIS score is a potential prognostic predictor for HCC patients undergoing HAIC.Keywords: HCC, systemic inflammation score, nomogram, prognosis

Published
2023

30. Collisional-radiative non-equilibrium impurity treatment for JOREK simulations

Author

Hu, D., Huijsmans, G. T. A., Nardon, E., Hoelzl, M., Lehnen, M., Bonfiglio, D., and Team, JOREK

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

A collisional-radiative non-equilibrium impurity treatment for JOREK 3D nonlinear magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) simulations has been developed. The impurities are represented by super-particles flowing along the fluid velocity field lines, while ionizing and recombining independently according to ADAS data and local fluid density and temperature. The non-equilibrium impurity contributions are then projected back to the fluid field for self-consistent time evolution. A 2D test case is used to compare the new non-equilibrium impurity model against previous Coronal Equilibrium (CE) impurity treatment, as well as to compare the non-equilibrium impurity behavior between the single and the two temperature model. Further, we conduct benchmark with previously published coronal non-equilibrium results by other 3D nonlinear MHD codes such as M3D-C1 and NIMROD. The new non-equilibrium treatment is shown to successfully capture the early phase cooling by weakly ionized impurities which the CE model missed. The benchmarks with M3D-C1 and NIMROD show general agreement in both the integrated quantities and the 2D profile evolution, despite the difference in the atomic model used. The above comparison and benchmark cases demonstrate the capability of the non-equilibrium impurity model for JOREK, paving the way for more sophisticated 3D non-linear Massive Material Injection (MMI) simulations which have important applications in disruption mitigation studies., Comment: 31 pages, 19 figures

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

31. Tenofovir versus Entecavir on Outcomes of Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma After FOLFOX-Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy

Author

Zheng Z, Wang J, Wu T, He M, Pan Y, Chen J, Hu D, Xu L, Zhang Y, Chen M, and Zhou Z

Subjects
tenofovir, entecavir, hepatitis b virus, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Zhikai Zheng,1,2,&ast; Jiongliang Wang,1,2,&ast; Tianqing Wu,1,2,&ast; Minrui He,1,2,&ast; Juncheng Wang,1,2 Yangxun Pan,1,2 Jinbin Chen,1,2 Dandan Hu,1,2 Li Xu,1,2 Yaojun Zhang,1,2 Minshan Chen,1,2 Zhongguo Zhou1,2 1Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhongguo Zhou; Minshan Chen, Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Dongfeng Road East 651, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-20-87343117, Email zhouzhg@sysucc.org.cn; chenms@sysucc.org.cnPurpose: The efficacy of entecavir (ETV) versus tenofovir (TDF) on the prognosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who underwent FOLFOX-hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) remains unclear. In this study, we compared the outcomes between ETV and TDF in HBV-related advanced HCC patients who underwent FOLFOX-HAIC.Methods: A total of 683 patients diagnosed with HBV-related HCC who underwent FOLFOX-HAIC and received TDF or ETV between January 2016 and December 2021 were included. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), HBV reactivation, and liver function of patients were compared between the ETV and TDF groups by propensity score matching (PSM).Results: In the PSM cohort, for all patients and patients with ≥ 4 cycles of FOLFOX-HAIC, the median OS in the ETV group (15.2 months, 95% CI: 13.0– 17.4 months; 16.6 months, 95% CI: 14.8– 18.5 months; respectively) was shorter than that in the TDF group (23.0 months, 95% CI: 10.3– 35.6 months; 27.3 months, 95% CI: 16.5-NA months; p=0.024, p=0.028; respectively). The median PFS in the ETV group (8.7 months, 95% CI: 7.9– 9.5 months; 8.9 months, 95% CI: 8.0– 9.8 months; respectively) was also shorter than that in the TDF group (11.8 months, 95% CI: 8.0– 15.6 months; 12.7 months, 95% CI: 10.8– 14.6 months; p=0.036, p=0.025; respectively). The rate of HBV reactivation in the ETV group was higher than that in the TDF group (12.3% vs 6.3%, p=0.040; 16.5% vs 6.2%, p=0.037, respectively). For liver function, the rate of ALBI grade that remained stable or improved in the ETV group was lower than that in the TDF group (44.6% vs 57.6%, p=0.006; 37.2% vs 53.8%, p=0.019, respectively).Conclusion: Compared with ETV, TDF was associated with a better prognosis, lower proportion of HBV reactivation, and better preservation of liver function in advanced HBV-HCC patients who underwent FOLFOX-HAIC, especially those who received ≥ 4 cycles.Keywords: tenofovir, entecavir, hepatitis B virus, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy

Published
2023

32. Comparable Clinical Outcomes Between Transarterial Chemoembolization or Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy Combined with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and PD-1 Inhibitors in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Author

Long T, Yang Z, Zeng H, Wu W, Hu Z, Hu D, Zhou Z, Chen M, and Zhang Y

Subjects
transarterial chemoembolization, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, programmed cell death protein -1, combination therapy, hepatocellular carcinoma, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Teng Long,1,2,&ast; Zhoutian Yang,1,2,&ast; Huilan Zeng,1,2,&ast; Weijie Wu,1,2 Zhiwen Hu,1,2 Zhenyun Yang,1,2 Dandan Hu,1,2 Zhongguo Zhou,1,2 Minshan Chen,1,2 Yaojun Zhang1,2 1State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Minshan Chen; Yaojun Zhang, Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Dongfeng East Road 651, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-20-87343828, Fax +86-20-87343585, Email chenmsh@sysucc.org.cn; zhangyuj@sysucc.org.cnPurpose: To compare the treatment efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) or hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Patients and Methods: 81 unresectable HCC patients were retrospectively analyzed, including 30 or 51 patients treated with either TKIs and PD-1 inhibitors combined with TACE (TTP) or HAIC (HTP), respectively. Tumor response and survival outcomes were compared.Results: The median overall survival (mOS) was 21.0 months in the TTP group and 15.0 months in the HTP group (P = 0.525; HR = 1.23; 95% CI 0.66– 2.29). The median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 6.7 months in the TTP group and 9.9 months in the HTP group (P = 0.160; HR = 0.70; 95% CI 0.42– 1.16). After Propensity Score Matching (PSM), the mOS was 21.0 months in the TTP group and 18.0 months in the HTP group (P = 0.644; HR = 1.20; 95% CI 0.56– 2.58). The mPFS was 6.4 months in the TTP group and 15.0 months in the HTP group (P = 0.028; HR = 0.49; 95% CI 0.26– 0.93). The disease control rate in overall response (90.2% vs 76.7%, P = 0.116, before PSM; 91.7% vs 75.0%, P = 0.121, after PSM) and intrahepatic response (94.1% vs 80.0%, P = 0.070, before PSM; 91.7% vs 79.2%, P = 0.220, after PSM) were higher in the HTP group than in the TTP group.Conclusion: Though including more advanced tumors, the clinical outcomes of HAIC combined with TKIs and PD-1 inhibitors are comparable to TACE-based combination therapy for unresectable HCC. Nevertheless, HTP significantly improved the PFS benefits in HCC patients with with large tumor burden or vascular invasion.Keywords: transarterial chemoembolization, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, programmed cell death protein − 1, hepatocellular carcinoma

Published
2023

33. Risk Factors for Pulmonary Infection and Nursing Interventions Post-Tracheostomy in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury

Author

Lv Q, Zhang X, Guo K, Hu D, and Deng Z

Subjects
risk factors of pulmonary infection, spinal cord injury, tracheostomy, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Qin Lv,1,&ast; Xinliang Zhang,1,&ast; Kucun Guo,1 Dezheng Hu,1 Zhuojun Deng2 1Department of Emergency, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050051, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of General Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xinliang Zhang, Department of Emergency, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, People’s Republic of China, 050051, Tel +86 18533112509 ; +86 311-88602030, Email zhangxinliangzhxl@126.comObjective: We analyzed the characteristics and risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with spinal cord injury who underwent tracheostomy and propose measures to help in early detection and intervention to reduce mortality and improve prognosis.Methods: We collected data retrospectively from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2022. The inclusion criteria were: Patients aged 18 years or more with a spinal cord injury who underwent tracheostomy, were treated with mechanical ventilation for over 48 hours, and were diagnosed as having a pulmonary infection. Sputum samples were cultured and analyzed.Results: 101 cases of pulmonary infection were analyzed, and the incidence was 32.17%. Diabetes (OR 2.302, 95% CI 1.285– 3.972), hypoproteinemia (OR 1.992, 95% CI 1.125– 3.101), administration of glucocorticoids (OR 2.934, 95% CI 1.412– 4.661), ASIA grade A (OR 3.672, 95% CI 1.988– 5.046), mechanical ventilation for ≥ 6 days (OR 2.108, 95% CI 1.385– 4.751), and length of hospital stay for ≥ 20 days (OR 2.137, 95% CI 1.092– 3.842) were risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with spinal cord injury post-tracheostomy. Among 213 pathogenic bacteria, 52 (51.48%) were Gram-negative and 24 (23.76%) were Gram-positive. Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.84%) and Staphylococcus aureus (8.91%) were the most common pathogenic bacteria. The mortality rate of patients with gram-positive infection was higher than that of patients with gram-negative infection. K. pneumoniae and S. aureus were sensitive to cefoperazone, meropenem, and levofloxacin.Conclusion: Pulmonary infection is a complication post-tracheostomy in patients with spinal cord injury. Diabetes, hypoproteinemia, administration of glucocorticoids, mechanical ventilation for ≥ 6 days, length of hospital stay for ≥ 20 days were risk factors for pulmonary infection. Pulmonary infection was mainly caused by gram-negative bacteria. Timely and effective measures for managing risk factors are essential for improving the prognosis of pulmonary infection post-tracheostomy in patients with spinal cord injuries.Keywords: risk factors of pulmonary infection, spinal cord injury, tracheostomy

Published
2023

34. Laparoscopic Hepatectomy versus Open Hepatectomy After Conversion Therapy Using Transarterial Chemoembolization or Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy for Patients with Initially Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Author

Yang Z, Hu Z, Fu Y, Hu D, Zhou Z, Chen M, Pan Y, and Zhang Y

Subjects
laparoscopic hepatectomy, open hepatectomy, hepatocellular carcinoma, conversion therapy, propensity score matching, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Zhenyun Yang,1,2,&ast; Zili Hu,1,2,&ast; Yizhen Fu,1,2 Dandan Hu,1,2 Zhongguo Zhou,1,2 Minshan Chen,1,2 Yangxun Pan,1,2 Yaojun Zhang1,2 1State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yangxun Pan; Yaojun Zhang, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-20-87343828, Email panyx@sysucc.org.cn; zhangyuj@sysucc.org.cnBackground: Laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) is more advantageous than open hepatectomy (OH) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, surgical methods of conversion resection for patients with HCC have not been compared. We aimed to compare LH with OH for HCC after conversion therapy.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 334 patients who underwent conversion resection between January 2016 and December 2020 at Sun Yat-sen University, China. Propensity score matching (PSM) of patients in a ratio of 1:2 was conducted, and 62 patients and 121 patients who underwent LH and OH, respectively, were matched.Results: The LH and OH groups differed at baseline in terms of ALT (P=0.008), AFP (P=0.042), largest tumor size (P=0.028), macrovascular invasion (P=0.006), BCLC stages (P=0.021), and CNLC stages (P=0.048). The incidences of postoperative complications before and after PSM were lower in the LH group than in the OH group (P=0.007 and 0.003, respectively). There were no significant differences in the overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) between the two groups (P=0.79 and 0.8, respectively). According to the multivariable Cox regression analyses, the largest tumor size (P< 0.0001) and tumor number (P=0.004) were significant and independent prognostic factors of OS.Conclusion: In our study, we found that LH is technically feasible and safe in patients after conversion therapy. Compared with OH, LH showed similar OS and RFS and was associated with fewer postoperative complications.Keywords: laparoscopic hepatectomy, open hepatectomy, hepatocellular carcinoma, conversion therapy, propensity score matching

Published
2023

35. Purification Efficiency of Eutrophic Water by Three Submerged Plants

Author

Y. Hu, D. X. Qian, H. Zhu, L. F. Wang, B. Wang, Q. F. Ling and X. D. Xiao

Subjects
submerged plants, purification, n & p removal, eutrophic water, Environmental effects of industries and plants, TD194-195, Science (General), Q1-390
Abstract

The increase of nitrogen and phosphorus causes eutrophication in water bodies. Using submerged plants to decrease the pollution from water bodies is an effective way. In this research, three common submerged plants (Vallisneria natans, Hydrilla verticillata, and Ceratophyllum demersum) and their combinations were used to purify eutrophic water. The control treatment did not contain any plants. The removal effects and dynamic regulations of the three plants with their combinations of nutrients (such as nitrogen and phosphorus) in water were analyzed. All three species and their combinations above could grow in the eutrophic water and efficiently remove aquatic nutrients. All the treatment groups had a higher pollutant removal rate for total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) than that of the blank control. In these treatment groups, treatment F (50 g Vallisneria natans plus 50 g Ceratophyllum demersum) had the highest removal rate of TP at 57.53%; treatment B (100 g Vallisneria natans) had the best removal rate of TN at 92.04 %. Among these plants and their combinations, Vallisneria natans and Ceratophyllum demersum showed better purification ability; the combination of these two submerged plants and the combination of three submerged plants were more applicable for the restoration of eutrophic water.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. The JOREK non-linear extended MHD code and applications to large-scale instabilities and their control in magnetically confined fusion plasmas

Author

Hoelzl, M, Huijsmans, GTA, Pamela, SJP, Becoulet, M, Nardon, E, Artola, FJ, Nkonga, B, Atanasiu, CV, Bandaru, V, Bhole, A, Bonfiglio, D, Cathey, A, Czarny, O, Dvornova, A, Feher, T, Fil, A, Franck, E, Futatani, S, Gruca, M, Guillard, H, Haverkort, JW, Holod, I, Hu, D, Kim, SK, Korving, SQ, Kos, L, Krebs, I, Kripner, L, Latu, G, Liu, F, Merkel, P, Meshcheriakov, D, Mitterauer, V, Mochalskyy, S, Morales, JA, Nies, R, Nikulsin, N, Orain, F, Pratt, J, Ramasamy, R, Ramet, P, Reux, C, Särkimäki, K, Schwarz, N, Verma, P Singh, Smith, SF, Sommariva, C, Strumberger, E, vanVugt, DC, Verbeek, M, Westerhof, E, Wieschollek, F, and Zielinski, J

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

JOREK is a massively parallel fully implicit non-linear extended MHD code for realistic tokamak X-point plasmas. It has become a widely used versatile code for studying large-scale plasma instabilities and their control developed in an international community. This article gives a comprehensive overview of the physics models implemented, numerical methods applied for solving the equations and physics studies performed with the code. A dedicated section highlights some of the verification work done for the code. A hierarchy of different physics models is available including a free boundary and resistive wall extension and hybrid kinetic-fluid models. The code allows for flux-surface aligned iso-parametric finite element grids in single and double X-point plasmas which can be extended to the true physical walls and uses a robust fully implicit time stepping. Particular focus is laid on plasma edge and scrape-off layer (SOL) physics as well as disruption related phenomena. Among the key results obtained with JOREK regarding plasma edge and SOL, are deep insights into the dynamics of edge localized modes (ELMs), ELM cycles, and ELM control by resonant magnetic perturbations, pellet injection, as well as by vertical magnetic kicks. Also ELM free regimes, detachment physics, the generation and transport of impurities during an ELM, and electrostatic turbulence in the pedestal region are investigated. Regarding disruptions, the focus is on the dynamics of the thermal quench and current quench triggered by massive gas injection (MGI) and shattered pellet injection (SPI), runaway electron (RE) dynamics as well as the RE interaction with MHD modes, and vertical displacement events (VDEs). Also the seeding and suppression of tearing modes (TMs), the dynamics of naturally occurring thermal quenches triggered by locked modes, and radiative collapses are being studied., Comment: Comprehensive review published as special topic article in Nuclear Fusion

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

37. Radiation asymmetry and MHD destabilization during the thermal quench after impurity Shattered Pellet Injection

Author

Hu, D., Nardon, E., Hoelzl, M., Wieschollek, F., Lehnen, M., Huijsmans, G. T. A., van Vugt, D. C., Kim, S. -H., contributors, JET, and Team, JOREK

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

The radiation response and the MHD destabilization during the thermal quench after a mixed species Shattered Pellet Injection (SPI) with impurity species neon and argon are investigated via 3D non-linear MHD simulation using the JOREK code. Both the $n=0$ global current profile contraction and the local helical cooling at each rational surface caused by the pellet fragments are found to be responsible for MHD destabilization after the injection. Significant current driven mode growth is observed as the fragments cross low order rational surfaces, resulting in rapidly inward propagating stochastic magnetic field, ultimately causing the core temperature collapse. The Thermal Quench (TQ) is triggered as the fragments arrive on the $q=1$ or $q=2$ surface depending on the exact $q$ profile and thus mode structure. When injecting from a single toroidal location, strong radiation asymmetry is found before and during the TQ as a result of the unrelaxed impurity density profile along the field line and asymmetric outward heat flux. Such asymmetry gradually relaxes over the course of the TQ, and is entirely eliminated by the end of it. Simulation results indicate that the aforementioned asymmetric radiation behavior could be significantly mitigated by injection from toroidally opposite locations, provided that the time delay between the two injectors is shorter than $1ms$. It is also found that the MHD response are sensitive to the relative timing and injection configuration in these multiple injection cases., Comment: 35 pages, 21 figures

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

38. Tracing the total molecular gas in galaxies: [CII] and the CO-dark gas

Author

Madden, S. C., Cormier, D., Hony, S., Lebouteiller, V., Abel, N., Galametz, M., De Looze, I., Chevance, M., Polles, F. L., Lee, M. -Y., Galliano, F., Lambert-Huyghe, A., Hu, D., and Ramambason, L.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

While the CO(1-0) transition is often used to deduce the total molecular hydrogen in galaxies, it is challenging to detect in low metallicity galaxies, in spite of the star formation taking place. In contrast, the [CII] 158 micron line is relatively bright, highlighting a potentially important reservoir of H2 that is not traced by CO(1-0), but residing in the C+ - emitting regions. We explore a method to quantify the total H2 mass (MH2) in galaxies and learn what parameters control the CO-dark gas reservoir. We present Cloudy grids of density, radiation field and metallicity in terms of observed quantities, such as [OI], [CI], CO(1-0), [CII], total infrared luminosity and the total MH2 and provide recipes based on these models to derive total MH2 mass estimates from observations. The models are applied to the Herschel Dwarf Galaxy Survey, extracting the total MH2 for each galaxy which is compared to the H2 determined from the observed CO(1-0) line. While the H2 traced by CO(1-0) can be negligible, the [CII] 158 micron line can trace the total H2. 70% to 100% of the total H2 mass is not traced by CO(1-0) in the dwarf galaxies, but is well-traced by [CII] 158 micron line. The CO-dark gas mass fraction correlates with the observed L[CII]/LCO(1-0) ratio. A conversion factor for [CII] luminosity to total H2 and a new CO-to-total-MH2 conversion factor, as a function of metallicity, is presented. A recipe is provided to quantify the total mass of H2 in galaxies, taking into account the CO and [CII] observations. Accounting for this CO-dark H2 gas, we find that the star forming dwarf galaxies now fall on the Schmidt-Kennicutt relation. Their star-forming efficiency is rather normal, since the reservoir from which they form stars is now more massive when introducing the [CII] measures of the total H2, compared to the little amount of H2 in the CO-emitting region., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

39. Post-Thermal Quench Shattered Pellet Injection for small Runaway Electron seed depletion in ITER

Author

Nardon, E., Matsuyama, A., Hu, D., and Wieschollek, F.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

The possibility of using Shattered Pellet Injection(s) after the Thermal Quench phase of an ITER disruption in order to deplete Runaway Electron (RE) seeds before they can substantially avalanche is studied. Analytical and numerical estimates of the required injection rate for shards to penetrate into the forming RE beam and stop REs are given. How much material could be assimilated before the Current Quench (CQ) becomes too short is also estimated. It appears that, if Hydrogen pellets were used, the required number of pellets to be injected during the CQ would be prohibitive, at least considering the present design of the ITER Disruption Mitigation System (DMS). For Neon or Argon, the required number of pellets, although large, might be within reach of the ITER DMS, but the assimilated fraction would have to be very small. Other materials may be better suited but would require a modification of the ITER DMS.

Published
2020

40. Fast plasma dilution in ITER with pure Deuterium Shattered Pellet Injection

Author

Nardon, E., Hu, D., Hoelzl, M., and Bonfiglio, D.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

JOREK 3D non-linear MagnetoHydroDynamic (MHD) simulations of pure Deuterium Shattered Pellet Injection in ITER are presented. It is shown that such a scheme could allow diluting the plasma by more than a factor 10 without immediately triggering large MHD activity, provided the background impurity density is low enough. This appears as a promising strategy to reduce the risk of hot tail Runaway Electron (RE) generation and to avoid RE beams altogether in ITER, motivating further studies in this direction., Comment: Published in Nuclear Fusion

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

42. Review of the Potential Therapeutic Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Resveratrol on Endometriosis

Author

Jiang T, Chen Y, Gu X, Miao M, Hu D, Zhou H, Chen J, Teichmann AT, and Yang Y

Subjects
endometriosis, resveratrol, therapeutic efficacies, molecular mechanisms, clinical application, Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991
Abstract

Tao Jiang,1,&ast; Yuan Chen,1,&ast; Xia Gu,1,2 Mengyue Miao,1 Daifeng Hu,1 Hui Zhou,1 Jing Chen,3 Alexander Tobias Teichmann,1 Youzhe Yang1,2 1Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China; 2Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China; 3Reproductive Medicine Center, The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, 644000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Alexander Tobias Teichmann; Youzhe Yang, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China, Email alexandertobiasteichmann@swmu.edu.cn; yangyouzhe@swmu.edu.cnAbstract: Endometriosis is a hormone-dependent inflammatory disease characterized by the existence of endometrial tissues outside the uterine cavity. Pharmacotherapy and surgery are the current dominant management options for endometriosis. The greater incidence of recurrence and reoperation after surgical treatment as well as the adverse effects of medical approaches predispose patients to potential limitations for their long-term usage. Consequently, it is essential to explore novel supplementary and alternative drugs to ameliorate the therapeutic outcomes of endometriotic patients. Resveratrol is a phenolic compound that has attracted increasing interest from many researchers due to its pleiotropic biological activities. Here, we review the possible therapeutic efficacies and molecular mechanisms of resveratrol against endometriosis based on in vitro, animal, and clinical studies. The potential mechanisms of resveratrol include anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenic, anti-oxidative stress, anti-invasive and anti-adhesive effects, thereby suggesting that resveratrol is a promising candidate for endometriosis. Because most studies have investigated the effectiveness of resveratrol on endometriosis via in vitro trials and/or experimental animal models, further high-quality clinical trials should be undertaken to comprehensively estimate the clinical application feasibility of resveratrol on endometriosis.Keywords: endometriosis, resveratrol, therapeutic efficacies, molecular mechanisms, clinical application

Published
2023

43. Analysis of Characteristics, Pathogens and Drug Resistance of Urinary Tract Infection Associated with Long-Term Indwelling Double-J Stent

Author

Li Y, Jiang L, Luo S, Hu D, Zhao X, Zhao G, Tang W, and Guo Y

Subjects
double-j stent, biofilm, pathogens, urinary tract infection, drug resistance, drug resistant bacteria, infection., Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Yuehua Li,1 Li Jiang,2 Shengjun Luo,2 Daixing Hu,2 Xin Zhao,2 Guozhi Zhao,2 Wei Tang,2 Yu Guo3 1Department of Urology, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Urology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, 400000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yu Guo, Department of Urology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, 400000, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +8623 67665886, Email medicale123@163.comObjective: To investigate the characteristics, pathogens and drug resistance of urinary tract infection (UTI) associated with long-term indwelling double-J stent.Methods: The clinical data of 102 patients with urinary tract infection associated with long-term indwelling double-J stent in University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from September 2010 to July 2022 were collected retrospectively, and the difference between etiological characteristics were analyzed. Urine and double-J stent samples of patients were collected for pathogen identification and drug sensitivity test.Results: A total of 102 patients, 39 (38.23%) males and 63 (61.77%) females, aged 24– 72 years, with a median age of 48 years, were included in this study. Urinary calculi (40.20%) and ureteral stricture (24.50%) were the main causes of urinary tract infection associated with long-term indwelling double-J stent. Among the patients with urinary tract infection caused by double-J stent, female patients were higher than male patients (61.77% vs 38.23%). In terms of positive rate of pathogenic bacteria culture, the rate of double-J stent was higher than that of urine (67.65% vs 35.29%). The main pathogenic bacteria in urine were Escherichia coli (30.55%) of Gram negative bacteria, while the main pathogenic bacteria in double-J stent were enterococcus faecalis (27.53%) of Gram positive bacteria. The resistance rate of Gram positive bacteria in double-J stent to vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, meropenem and piperacillin/tazobactam was significantly higher than that in urine (P< 0.05). The resistance rate of Gram negative bacteria in double-J stent to imipenem, cefepime, piperacillin/tazobactam, meropenem and cefoperazone/sulbactam was significantly higher than that in urine (P< 0.05).Conclusion: Double-J stent associated urinary tract infection is more common in women than in men. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis are the main pathogens, and the pathogens show strong drug resistance.Keywords: double-J stent, biofilm, pathogens, urinary tract infection, drug resistance, drug resistant bacteria, infection

Published
2023

46. An epistatic interaction between pre-natal smoke exposure and socioeconomic status has a significant impact on bronchodilator drug response in African American youth with asthma

Author

Magaña, J, Contreras, MG, Keys, KL, Risse-Adams, O, Goddard, PC, Zeiger, AM, Mak, ACY, Elhawary, JR, Samedy-Bates, LA, Lee, E, Thakur, N, Hu, D, Eng, C, Salazar, S, Huntsman, S, Hu, T, Burchard, EG, and White, MJ

Subjects
Data Management and Data Science, Information and Computing Sciences, Biological Sciences, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Asthma, Lung, Health Disparities, Pediatric, Social Determinants of Health, Minority Health, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Respiratory, Good Health and Well Being, Epistatic interactions, Non-parametric methods, Asthma drug response, Health disparities, Pediatric asthma, Epistatic interactions, Non-parametric methods, Asthma drug response, Health disparities, Pediatric asthma, Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing, Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics, Specialist Studies in Education, Bioinformatics and computational biology, Data management and data science
Abstract

BackgroundAsthma is one of the leading chronic illnesses among children in the United States. Asthma prevalence is higher among African Americans (11.2%) compared to European Americans (7.7%). Bronchodilator medications are part of the first-line therapy, and the rescue medication, for acute asthma symptoms. Bronchodilator drug response (BDR) varies substantially among different racial/ethnic groups. Asthma prevalence in African Americans is only 3.5% higher than that of European Americans, however, asthma mortality among African Americans is four times that of European Americans; variation in BDR may play an important role in explaining this health disparity. To improve our understanding of disparate health outcomes in complex phenotypes such as BDR, it is important to consider interactions between environmental and biological variables.ResultsWe evaluated the impact of pairwise and three-variable interactions between environmental, social, and biological variables on BDR in 233 African American youth with asthma using Visualization of Statistical Epistasis Networks (ViSEN). ViSEN is a non-parametric entropy-based approach able to quantify interaction effects using an information-theory metric known as Information Gain (IG). We performed analyses in the full dataset and in sex-stratified subsets. Our analyses identified several interaction models significantly, and suggestively, associated with BDR. The strongest interaction significantly associated with BDR was a pairwise interaction between pre-natal smoke exposure and socioeconomic status (full dataset IG: 2.78%, p = 0.001; female IG: 7.27%, p = 0.004)). Sex-stratified analyses yielded divergent results for females and males, indicating the presence of sex-specific effects.ConclusionsOur study identified novel interaction effects significantly, and suggestively, associated with BDR in African American children with asthma. Notably, we found that all of the interactions identified by ViSEN were "pure" interaction effects, in that they were not the result of strong main effects on BDR, highlighting the complexity of the network of biological and environmental factors impacting this phenotype. Several associations uncovered by ViSEN would not have been detected using regression-based methods, thus emphasizing the importance of employing statistical methods optimized to detect both additive and non-additive interaction effects when studying complex phenotypes such as BDR. The information gained in this study increases our understanding and appreciation of the complex nature of the interactions between environmental and health-related factors that influence BDR and will be invaluable to biomedical researchers designing future studies.

Published
2020

48. First predictive simulations for deuterium shattered pellet injection in ASDEX Upgrade

Author

Hoelzl, M., Hu, D., Nardon, E., and Huijsmans, G. T. A.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

First simulations of deuterium shattered pellet injection (SPI) into an ASDEX Upgrade H-Mode plasma with the JOREK MHD code are presented. Resistivity is increased by one order of magnitude in most simulations to reduce computational costs and allow for extensive parameter scans. The effect of various physical parameters onto MHD activity and thermal quench (TQ) dynamics is studied and the influence of MHD onto ablation is shown. TQs are obtained quickly after injection in most simulations with a typical duration of 100 microseconds, which slows down at lower resistivity. Although the n=1 magnetic perturbation dominates in the simulations, toroidal harmonics up to n=10 contribute to stochastization and stochastic transport in the plasma core. The post-TQ density profile remains hollow for a few hundred microseconds. However, when flux surfaces re-form around the magnetic axis, the density has become monotonic again suggesting a beneficial behaviour for runaway electron avoidance/mitigation. With $10^{21}$ atoms injected, the TQ is typically incomplete and triggered when the shards reach the q=2 rational surface. At a larger number of injected atoms, the TQ can set in even before the shards reach this surface. For low field side injection considered here, repeated formation of outward convection cells is observed in the ablation region reducing material assimilation. Responsible is a sudden rise of pressure in the high density cloud when the stochastic region expands further releasing heat from the hot core. After the TQ, strong sheared poloidal rotation is created by Maxwell stress, which contributes to re-formation of flux surfaces., Comment: Accepted for publication in Physics of Plasmas (this is the revised version after referee comments)

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

49. Euclid: Nonparametric point spread function field recovery through interpolation on a graph Laplacian

Author

Schmitz, M. A., Starck, J. -L., Mboula, F. Ngole, Auricchio, N., Brinchmann, J., Capobianco, R. I. Vito, Clédassou, R., Conversi, L., Corcione, L., Fourmanoit, N., Frailis, M., Garilli, B., Hormuth, F., Hu, D., Israel, H., Kermiche, S., Kitching, T. D., Kubik, B., Kunz, M., Ligori, S., Lilje, P. B., Lloro, I., Mansutti, O., Marggraf, O., Massey, R. J., Pasian, F., Pettorino, V., Raison, F., Rhodes, J. D., Roncarelli, M., Saglia, R. P., Schneider, P., Serrano, S., Taylor, A. N., Toledo-Moreo, R., Valenziano, L., Vuerli, C., and Zoubian, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Context. Future weak lensing surveys, such as the Euclid mission, will attempt to measure the shapes of billions of galaxies in order to derive cosmological information. These surveys will attain very low levels of statistical error, and systematic errors must be extremely well controlled. In particular, the point spread function (PSF) must be estimated using stars in the field, and recovered with high accuracy. Aims. The aims of this paper are twofold. Firstly, we took steps toward a nonparametric method to address the issue of recovering the PSF field, namely that of finding the correct PSF at the position of any galaxy in the field, applicable to Euclid. Our approach relies solely on the data, as opposed to parametric methods that make use of our knowledge of the instrument. Secondly, we studied the impact of imperfect PSF models on the shape measurement of galaxies themselves, and whether common assumptions about this impact hold true in an Euclid scenario. Methods. We extended the recently proposed resolved components analysis approach, which performs super-resolution on a field of under-sampled observations of a spatially varying, image-valued function. We added a spatial interpolation component to the method, making it a true 2-dimensional PSF model. We compared our approach to PSFEx, then quantified the impact of PSF recovery errors on galaxy shape measurements through image simulations. Results. Our approach yields an improvement over PSFEx in terms of the PSF model and on observed galaxy shape errors, though it is at present far from reaching the required Euclid accuracy. We also find that the usual formalism used for the propagation of PSF model errors to weak lensing quantities no longer holds in the case of an Euclid-like PSF. In particular, different shape measurement approaches can react differently to the same PSF modeling errors., Comment: 19 pages, 19 figures. This version matches that published in A&A

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

50. Increased Serum Adipsin Correlates with MAFLD and Metabolic Risk Abnormalities

Author

Pan J, Li Q, Sun Y, Gu Y, Ding Y, Pang N, Zhou Y, Pei L, Gao M, Ma S, Xiao Y, Wu F, Hu D, Chen YM, and Yang L

Subjects
metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease, adipsin, metabolic risk abnormalities, hepatic steatosis, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract

Jie Pan,1 Qiuyan Li,1 Yan Sun,1 Yingying Gu,1 Yijie Ding,1 Nengzhi Pang,1 Yujia Zhou,1 Lei Pei,1 Mengqi Gao,1 Sixi Ma,1 Ying Xiao,1 Feilong Wu,1 De Hu,1 Yu-Ming Chen,2 Lili Yang1 1Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Lili Yang, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 74, Zhongshan Road 2, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-20-87330625, Email yangll7@mail.sysu.edu.cnPurpose: A panel of international experts proposed a new definition of fatty liver in 2020, namely metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). As an adipokine, adipsin is closely related to metabolic-related diseases. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship among MAFLD, serum adipsin, and metabolic risk abnormalities.Methods: Our study was a cross-sectional study based on the first follow-up of the Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study (GNHS). A total of 908 patients with hepatic steatosis were involved in our study. Detailed data of patients were collected based upon questionnaire information, physical examination, and blood biochemical test.Results: Among the 908 patients, 789 patients were diagnosed with MAFLD. The levels of serum adipsin in the MAFLD group and non-MAFLD group were (3543.00 (3187.94– 3972.50) ng/mL) and (3095.33 (2778.71– 3354.77) ng/mL) (P < 0.001), respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders, adipsin levels were found to be associated with MAFLD. The OR was 3.46 (95% CI: 1.57– 7.64) for adipsin when comparing subjects in the highest tertile with those in the lowest tertile. With the increase in the number of metabolic risk abnormalities, both the levels of serum adipsin and the proportion of moderate to severe fatty liver increased (all p-trend < 0.001).Conclusion: Increased serum adipsin correlates with MAFLD. Both adipsin levels as well as fatty liver severity increase with higher numbers of metabolic risk abnormalities.Keywords: metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease, adipsin, metabolic risk abnormalities, hepatic steatosis

Published
2023

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results