923 results on '"Interface layer"'
Search Results
2. High‐Performance Zinc Anode Enabled by Zincophilic and Hydrophobic ZnO@Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon/MXene Interface.
- Author
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Wang, Yue, Zhu, Qizhen, Li, Yanze, Ju, Yuan, Yang, Yong, and Xu, Bin
- Subjects
DENDRITIC crystals ,ELECTRIC fields ,ANODES ,DOPING agents (Chemistry) ,CATHODES - Abstract
Aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) are one of the most promising systems for large‐scale energy storage, but their zinc metal anodes suffer from unsatisfactory stability and reversibility due to the uncontrollable Zn dendrite growth and undesirable side reactions. Herein, a ZnO‐anchored nitrogen‐doped carbon/Ti3C2Tx MXene composite (ZnO@NC/MXene) is developed as a protective layer onto the zinc anode, which establishes a zincophilic and hydrophobic interface. In the ZnO@NC/MXene layer, the nitrogen sites efficiently enhances the adsorption of Zn2+, the ZnO provides homogenous nucleation sites for Zn2+ deposition, and the highly conductive MXene ensures even electric field distribution, synergistically inhibiting the zinc dendrites. Additionally, the hydrophobic ZnO@NC/MXene layer suppresses side reactions by limiting contact between the Zn anode and active water. Therefore, the Zn electrode modified by the ZnO@NC/MXene layer shows remarkable stability with a cycle life of over 2600 h in Zn||Zn symmetric cell and outstanding reversibility with an average coulombic efficiency of 99.37 % for over 1000 cycles in Zn||Cu asymmetric cell. Coupled with V2O5 cathode, the full cell reveals excellent cycle stability of exceeding 1000 cycles at 4 A g−1. These results indicate the potential of the zincophilic and hydrophobic ZnO@NC/MXene as a promising interface layer for protecting Zn anode in AZIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
3. Phase evolution at interface between magnesia refractories and low-density steel/slag by Mg/Ca mass transfer.
- Author
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Wang, Jinlong, Xue, Zhengliang, and Song, Shengqiang
- Subjects
- *
ALUMINUM oxide , *COUPLING reactions (Chemistry) , *MASS transfer , *SLAG , *STEEL - Abstract
This study investigated the interfacial phase evolution between magnesia refractory and low-density molten steel with different Al contents (0.5 % and 10 %) during the steel-slag reaction. Simulated experiments involving a refractory-steel-slag coupling reaction were conducted under laboratory conditions. The thickness and compositional distribution of the interface layers formed after the refractories were exposed to molten steel and slag were analyzed. The results indicate that, in the absence of slag, a MgAl 2 O 4 layer is formed at the interface between the refractory and molten steel due to the reaction between [Al] and Al 2 O 3 inclusions in the molten steel with the refractory. Upon the addition of slag, CaO in the slag is reduced to Ca and transferred into the molten steel, modifying the solid MgAl 2 O 4 layer at the interface into a primarily liquid CaO·MgO·Al 2 O 3 layer. The liquid interface intensified the erosion of the refractory by the molten steel, resulting in a thickened interface layer. The higher the Al content in the steel, the greater the degree of modification of the CaO·MgO·Al 2 O 3 layer by Ca. The Mg/Ca mass transfer process during the steel-slag reaction was simulated using the FactSage Macros calculation, and the differences in mass transfer between low and high Al contents were compared. The results indicate that under high Al conditions, the supply of Mg/Ca increases significantly. The simulation results were compared with numerous findings in the literature, confirming the accuracy of the simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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4. Optimization of Void Defects at TiN/Si:HfO 2 Interface for 3-D Ferroelectric Memory.
- Author
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Zhao, Dongxue, Xia, Zhiliang, Yang, Yi, Liu, Meiying, Yang, Yuancheng, and Huo, Zongliang
- Subjects
- *
TITANIUM nitride , *FERROELECTRIC capacitors , *METAL nitrides , *PHASE transitions , *BINDING energy - Abstract
In the 3D ferroelectric memory fabrication process, the outer Titanium nitride metal electrode and silicon doped hafnium-based ferroelectric layer will produce void defects at the interfaces, causing increased leakage and compromising device performance. These void defects are caused by the volume contraction during the phase transition process, which leads to tension at the outer interface of the 3D ferroelectric capacitor structure. Due to the unavoidable structural stress, it is necessary to optimize the interface bonding energy. First principles simulation revealed insufficient binding energy between titanium nitride and silicon doped hafnium oxide ferroelectric materials, while introducing an amorphous alumina interface layer can effectively improve the binding ability. Experimental verification has confirmed that using an amorphous alumina interface layer as an adhesive layer can successfully solve the interface void defects, thereby improving the ferroelectric properties in three-dimensional structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
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5. The Fabrication of Polyimide-Based Tunable Charge Traps Ternary Memristors Doped with Ni-Co Coated Carbon Composite Nanofibers.
- Author
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Liu, Yuanyuan, Liu, Liyuan, Zhao, He, and Yin, Jinghua
- Subjects
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CARBON-based materials , *CARBON nanofibers , *CARBON composites , *INTERFACE structures , *TRANSMISSION electron microscopy - Abstract
In the dynamic fields of information science and electronic technology, there is a notable trend towards leveraging carbon materials, favored for their ease of synthesis, biocompatibility, and abundance. This trend is particularly evident in the development of memristors, benefiting from the unique electronic properties of carbon to enhance device performance. This study utilizes sensitized chemical evaporation and spin-coating carbonization techniques to fabricate nickel-cobalt coated carbon composite nanofibers (SC-NCMNTs). Novel polyimide (PI) matrix composite memory devices were fabricated using in situ polymerization technology. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and micro-Raman spectroscopy analyses validated the presence of dual interface structures located between the Ni-Co-MWNTs, carbon composite nanofibers, and PI matrix, revealing a significant number of defects within the SC-NCMNTs/PI composite films. Consequently, this results in a tunable charge trap-based ternary resistive switching behavior of the composite memory devices, exhibiting a high ON/OFF current ratio of 104 and a retention time of 2500 s at an operating voltage of less than 3 V. The mechanism of resistive switching is thoroughly elucidated through a comprehensive charge transport model, incorporating molecular orbital energy levels. This study provides valuable insights for the rational design and fabrication of efficient memristors characterized by multilevel resistive switching states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
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6. The fabrication of polyimide-based tunable ternary memristors doped with Ni-Co coated carbon composite nanofibers.
- Author
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Liu, Yuanyuan, Zhao, He, Liu, Liyuan, and Yin, Jinghua
- Subjects
- *
MULTIWALLED carbon nanotubes , *INTERFACE structures , *SPIN coating , *TRANSMISSION electron microscopy , *CARBON composites - Abstract
Polymer matrix composite memristors exhibit exceptional performances, including a straightforward structure, rapid operational speed, high density, good scalability, cost-effectiveness, and superior mechanical flexibility for wearable applications. This study utilizes sensitized chemical evaporation and spin coating carbonization techniques to fabricate composite nanofibers doped with Nickel-Cobalt coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (SC-NCMTs). A novel polyimide matrix composite memory device was fabricated using in-situ polymerization technology. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and micro-Raman spectroscopy analyses validate the presence of dual interfaces structure locating between the Ni-Co-MWNTs, carbon nanofibers and PI matrix and a large number of defects in the SC-NCMTs/PI composite films, resulting in tunable ternary resistive switching behaviors of the composite memory device, exhibiting good ON/OFF current ratio of 104 and a retention time of 2500 s under operating voltages V onset ≤ 3 V. Based on the interface layer distribution and the defects in the composites, different physical models are comprised to investigate the charge transmission mechanism underlying the multilevel resistive switching behaviors. The studies on the impact of tunable multi-interfaces trap structures on multilevel resistive switching could enhance the data storage capabilities of polymer matrix memristors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
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7. Modulating magnetic interface layer on porous carbon heterostructures for efficient microwave absorption.
- Author
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Jia, Zirui, Sun, Lifu, Gao, Zhenguo, and Lan, Di
- Subjects
HIGH performance computing ,ELECTROMAGNETIC wave absorption ,IMPEDANCE matching ,CARBON composites ,DIELECTRIC loss ,SURFACE impedance - Abstract
Modern communication systems call for high performance electromagnetic wave absorption materials capable of mitigating microwaves over a wide frequency band. The synergistic effect of structure and component regulation on the electromagnetic wave absorption capacity of materials is considered. In this paper, a new type of three-dimensional porous carbon matrix composite is reported utilizing a reasonable design of surface impedance matching. Specifically, a thin layer of densely arranged Fe-Cr oxide particles is deposited on the surface of porous carbon via thermal reduction to prepare the Fe-Cr-O@PC composites. The effect of Cr doping on the electromagnetic wave absorption performance of the composites and the underlying attenuation mechanism have been uncovered. Consequently, outstanding electromagnetic wave absorption performance has been achieved in the composite, primarily contributed by the enhanced dielectric loss upon Cr doping. Accordingly, an effective absorption bandwidth of 4.08 GHz is achieved at a thickness of 1.4 mm, with a minimum reflection loss value of −52.71 dB. This work not only provides inspiration for the development of novel absorbers with superior performance but also holds significant potential for further advancement and practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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8. 功能梯度压电界面层在球形压头作用下的接触问题.
- Author
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臧炜煜 and 刘铁军
- Abstract
Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Superabsorbent starch protective layer modulates zinc anode interface for long-life aqueous zinc ion batteries.
- Author
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Zhu, Xinyan, Pan, Liang, Peng, Ziyu, Li, Bin, Zhang, Zekun, Zhao, Ningning, Meng, Wei, Dai, Lei, Wang, Ling, Zhu, Jing, and He, Zhangxing
- Subjects
- *
INTERFACE stability , *HYDROGEN evolution reactions , *DENDRITIC crystals , *POROSITY , *STARCH - Abstract
Superabsorbent starch (SS) was coated on Zn foil by a simple scratch coating method to form an artificial interface protection layer, which inhibited the formation of dendrites by guiding the uniform deposition of Zn2+. In addition, SS coating contains a large amount of OH–, which can promote the desolvation process of hydrated Zn2+ and inhibit the side reaction. [Display omitted] Aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) have attracted much attention for their safety, low cost and high theoretical capacity. Nevertheless, Zn dendrites and the adverse reactions such as corrosion, hydrogen evolution and passivation on the anode affect the cycle life and stability of AZIBs. Herein, superabsorbent starch (SS) was employed on Zn foil to form an artificial interface protection layer, which inhibited the formation of dendrites by guiding the uniform deposition of Zn2+. SS with a large amount of oxygen-containing functional group is superabsorbent, which can attract the active water around the hydrated Zn2+, promoting the desolvation process of the hydrated Zn2+ and significantly inhibiting the occurrence of hydrogen evolution reaction. In addition, the inherent pore structure of the SS artificial interfacial layer can induce uniform nucleation of Zn2+ and inhibit the dendrites growth. Moreover, compared to bare Zn//MnO 2 cell (44.1 %), the capacity retention of Zn@SS//MnO 2 cell remained as high as 87.8 % after 1000 cycles at 1.5 A g−1. The simple method provided a new method for the rapid development of AZIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2025
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10. Agar‐Based Interface for Suppressing Parasitic Reactions toward High‐Performance Aqueous Zn‐Ion Batteries.
- Author
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Qu, Yi‐Fan, Liu, Xin, Qian, Jia‐Wei, Chen, Jingwei, and Chen, Li‐Feng
- Subjects
HYDROGEN evolution reactions ,ENERGY storage ,DENDRITIC crystals ,AGAR ,FUNCTIONAL groups - Abstract
With advantages including high capacity, intrinsic safety and low cost, aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) are ideal electrochemical energy storage devices for large‐scale and portable energy storage. However, the development of AZIBs suffers from tricky challenges, such as the notorious Zn dendrite growth and severe parasitic reactions. Herein, as a low‐cost and nontoxic biomass, agar is adopted to construct an interface layer on Zn foil to mitigate side reactions and induce uniform Zn deposition on Zn anodes. The interaction between Zn2+ and polar functional groups of agar can regulate Zn2+ distribution and promote Zn2+ desolvation, thus simultaneously achieving homogenous Zn deposition and suppressed hydrogen evolution reaction. Meanwhile, SO42− anions are blocked from contacting Zn surface due to electrostatic repulsion, greatly restraining corrosion and passivation. Consequently, Zn||A‐Cu asymmetric cell operates normally for 590 cycles with an average coulombic efficiency of 99.5 %, suggesting good reversibility of Zn plating/stripping. Notably, A‐Zn symmetric cell exhibits a long lifespan of 1100 h at 2 mA cm−2. Furthermore, the A‐Zn||NVO full cell displays a superb capacity retention of 94.8 % after 3600 cycles at 5 A g−1. This work offers a novel interface modification method for constructing stable and dendrite‐free anodes of AZIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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11. Application of MXenes in Solution-Processed Optoelectronic Devices
- Author
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Cai, Ping, Ding, Ling, Chen, Kefan, Song, Can, Liu, Baiquan, Pandey, Om Prakash, editor, and Sharma, Piyush, editor
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- 2024
- Full Text
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12. Suppressing Trap‐Assisted Nonradiative Recombination via Interface Modification for Achieving Efficient Organic Solar Cells.
- Author
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Ge, Zhongwei, Qiao, Jiawei, Song, Jiali, Li, Xiaoming, Fu, Jiawei, Fu, Zhen, Gao, Jiaxin, Tang, Xian, Jiang, Lang, Tang, Zheng, Lu, Guanghao, Hao, Xiaotao, and Sun, Yanming
- Subjects
- *
SOLAR cells , *ENERGY dissipation , *PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems , *ENERGY density , *PHASE separation , *SMALL molecules - Abstract
Trap states in organic solar cells (OSCs) can capture free charges, leading to a reduction in current density and significant energy loss. Since charge collection is primarily dependent on the interface layer, minimizing trap states at interfaces can effectively suppress energy losses, a topic that has been rarely explored. Herein, an interface strategy is proposed by combining Me‐4PACz and PEDOT:PSS to mitigate the trap‐assisted nonradiative recombination at the hole transport layer (HTL). OSCs based on the Me‐4PACz/PEDOT:PSS exhibit reduced trap densities and low energy losses compared to devices fabricated with a single‐layer HTL. This reduction can be attributed to a lower nonradiative recombination rate during hole transport at the interface. Changes in the work function of the two interlayers due to contact result in the existence of a built‐in potential inside the composite interlayer, promoting charge collection and reducing energy loss from charge recombination. Furthermore, the composite HTL interface induces vertical phase separation of active layer, leading to significant improvements of the fill factor for OSCs. As a result, high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 18.70% and 19.02% are achieved for binary all‐polymer solar cells and polymer donor/small molecule acceptor solar cells, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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13. An investigation on tensile shear strength of CMT spot weld-brazing of 5052 aluminium alloy and SS 400 galvanized steel.
- Author
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Chuvaree, S., Janmanee, P., Jamkamon, K., and Mookam, N.
- Subjects
GALVANIZED steel ,SPOT welding ,SHEAR strength ,ALUMINUM alloys ,MICROSTRUCTURE - Abstract
Purpose: The main purpose of the research is to investigate the effects of spot weld-brazing variables, such as cold metal transfer (CMT) modes and current, on the tensile shear strength of 5052 aluminium alloy for dissimilar joining to SS400 galvanized steel. Design/methodology/approach: The method employed in the study was a 3k full factorial design with three replications. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) techniques were employed to identify the variables that influenced the responses of interest. The response optimiser method displayed which factors affected the variables and their impact on strength. In addition, the response optimiser method was employed to find which factors produced the best value for the response variable. A mathematical model was developed to predict the strength of the joints. An optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were also employed to confirm the microstructure. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was used to determine the chemical composition of the microstructure. Findings: The strength of the weld-brazing joints was affected by the modes and currents used in the joining process. The weld-brazing mode selection was found to have an impact on strength. The synergic mode was shown to have a strength greater than the CMT pulse and pulse synergic modes. The excess or little weld-brazing current was shown to be unsuitable for the joint. The maximum tensile shear strength value was obtained in the synergic mode with a current of 110 A. The resulting prediction model was evaluated with the newly collected experimental data, and the average per cent error was estimated to be 2.07%. In addition, the reaction layer at the aluminium alloy and steel interface was composed of a Fe(Al, Si)3 phase. The optimal conditions for the spot weld-brazing activities resulted in a larger fracture area, a small contact angle, and excellent weld bead geometry. Research limitations/implications: The prediction accuracy of the model appeared satisfactory. However, the altered chemical composition of the filler metals and substrate materials could impact the findings. It is recommended that the electrical signal waveform be studied during spot weld-brazing, as well as the characteristics of other material joints with various other parameters. Practical implications: The weld-brazing mode and current had no significant effect on the type of interface layer of the joints. Originality/value: It is highly possible that the CMT spot weld-brazing technique could be applied to join other dissimilar materials in order to reduce the joining time, but the filler metal chosen must be appropriate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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14. Lithium Fluoride Embedded Prelithiated Graphite Interface Layer Enables Stable All‐solid‐state Lithium Ion Batteries.
- Author
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Zhang, Nini, Guo, Dingcheng, Su, Qili, Deng, Shungui, Lu, Yong, Li, Zhe, Liu, Haijing, and Yao, Xiayin
- Subjects
LITHIUM-ion batteries ,LITHIUM fluoride ,LITHIUM ions ,SOLID electrolytes ,STORAGE batteries - Abstract
All‐solid‐state rechargeable batteries are regarded as one of the most promising next‐generation energy storage devices, while their cycling stability is still a great challenge due to the nonuniform lithium ion transportation and the loss of active lithium during cycling. Herein, a LiF embedded prelithiated graphite interface layer is designed and inserted between Li6PS5Cl solid electrolyte layer and graphite anode layer. The presence of LiF, C−F bonds and prelithiated graphite in this unique interface layer can facilitate uniform lithium ion migration and compensate the loss of active lithium, thus significantly improving the cyclic performances of both monopolar and bipolar all‐solid‐state lithium ion batteries. After 100 cycles at 0.1 C, the capacity retention increases from 58 % to 78.5 % for the monopolar LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2|Li6PS5Cl|LiF@2.5 %Li@G|graphite all‐solid‐state lithium ion battery. Besides, the bipolar all‐solid‐state lithium ion batteries show a high discharge plateau of ~7.6 V with a capacity retention of 60.2 % after 190 cycles at 0.1 C. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of LiF embedded prelithiated graphite interface layer for improving the electrochemical performances of all‐solid‐state lithium ion batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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15. Interface engineering and defect passivation for enhanced hole extraction, ion migration, and optimal charge dynamics in both lead-based and lead-free perovskite solar cells
- Author
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Muhammad Noman, Abdul Haseeb Hassan Khan, and Shayan Tariq Jan
- Subjects
Perovskite solar cell ,BiI3 ,MAPbI3 ,MAGeI3 ,Passivation ,Interface layer ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract The study elucidates the potential benefits of incorporating a BiI3 interfacial layer into perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Using MAPbI3 and MAGeI3 as active layers, complemented by the robust TiO2 and Spiro-OMeTAD as the charge-transport-layers, we employed the SCAPS-1D simulation tool for our investigations. Remarkably, the introduction of the BiI3 layer at the perovskite-HTL interface significantly enhanced hole extraction and effectively passivated defects. This approach minimized charge recombination and ion migration towards opposite electrodes, thus elevating device performance relative to conventional configurations. The efficiency witnessed a rise from 19.28 to 20.30% for MAPbI3 and from 11.90 to 15.57% for MAGeI3. Additionally, MAGeI3 based PSCs saw an improved fill-factor from 50.36 to 62.85%, and a better Jsc from 13.22 to 14.2 mA/cm2, signifying reduced recombination and improved charge extraction. The FF for MAPbI3 based PSCs saw a minor decline, while the Voc slightly ascended from 1.24 to 1.25 V and Jsc from 20.01 to 21.6 mA/cm2. A thorough evaluation of layer thickness, doping, and temperature further highlighted the critical role of the BiI3 layer for both perovskite variants. Our examination of bandgap alignments in devices with the BiI3 interfacial layer also offers valuable understanding into the mechanisms fueling the observed improvements. more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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16. High-performance Cr2AlC MAX phase coatings for ATF application: Interface design and oxidation mechanism
- Author
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Zhongchang Li, Zhenyu Wang, Guanshui Ma, Rende Chen, Wei Yang, Kaihang Wang, Peiling Ke, and Aiying Wang
- Subjects
MAX phase coating ,ATF system ,Steam oxidation ,Interface layer ,Diffusion behavior ,Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,TA401-492 - Abstract
Surface-modified Zr-based alloy (ZIRLO) claddings with advanced ceramic coatings are increasingly required for accident-tolerant fuel (ATF) systems in light-water reactors. Cr2AlC MAX phase coatings are promising for this purpose owing to their remarkable properties combining radiation/oxidation/corrosion resistance. However they are suffering from weak interface compatibility to ZIRLO substrate and poor structural densities for long-term services. Herein, we fabricated densely high-purity Cr2AlC MAX phase coatings with uniquely designed Cr/CrCx interfacial layers. The oxidation behavior of the coatings was focused under steam environments at 1000–1200 °C. Results showed that Cr2AlC coatings exhibited an oxidation mass gain of 8.9 mg/cm2 and an oxide thickness of 680 nm after oxidation at 1200 °C for 30 min, which were about 10% and 0.5% of ZIRLO substrate, respectively. Based on microstructural evolutions, the embedded interfacial layers significantly suppressed the rapid diffusion of Al in Cr2AlC coatings to the substrate and the premature delamination of oxidized coatings. Particularly, the formed oxides were identified as dense yet pure α-Al2O3, which endowed the protection against further oxidation and excellent resistance to high-temperature steam corrosion. more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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17. Interface engineering and defect passivation for enhanced hole extraction, ion migration, and optimal charge dynamics in both lead-based and lead-free perovskite solar cells
- Author
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Noman, Muhammad, Khan, Abdul Haseeb Hassan, and Jan, Shayan Tariq
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Improved Polarization‐Retention‐Endurance in Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 Films by ZrO2 Capping via Electrostatic Effects.
- Author
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Song, Tingfeng, Koutsogiannis, Panagiotis, Magén, César, Pardo, José A., Sánchez, Florencio, and Fina, Ignasi
- Subjects
CAPACITANCE measurement ,SURFACE chemistry ,ZIRCONIUM oxide ,HAFNIUM oxide ,PERMITTIVITY ,ELECTRIC capacity - Abstract
Ferroelectric hafnia is one of the most promising materials for next generation of non‐volatile memory devices. Several strategies have demonstrated to be of interest to improve its functional properties. Interface engineering, realized by the introduction of additional layer in the capacitor structure, is demonstrated as a promising strategy. However, interface layers can have multiple implications, such as changes in the chemistry of the interfaces and an increase of depolarization field, whose effects are difficult to discriminate. The role of HfO2 and ZrO2 capping is explored on polarization, retention, endurance, and leakage properties of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 epitaxial films. In HfO2 capped films, lower polarization is observed, and endurance and retention are also comparably worse than in ZrO2 capped films. Complementary under illumination ferroelectric characterization and capacitance measurements indicate a reduction of defects and interface capacitance contribution in ZrO2 capped films. For both cappings, the interfaces with the Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 layer are shown to be compositionally sharp and the phase of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) grains is replicated on the capping layer, indicating that electrostatic effects prevail and that the use of interface layers with high permittivity, here ZrO2, is crucial to favor good functional properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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19. 压缩载荷下非对称变厚度复合材料层合板性能研究.
- Author
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俞晓楠, 许希武, 郭树祥, and 冯浩凌
- Abstract
This study conducts an experimental and numerical investigation of failure mechanisms of variable thickness composite laminates with asymmetric structural forms under quasi-static compressive loading. A new 3-D finite element model (FEM) in ABAQUS/Explicit is established, where the Hashin criterion is used for composite laminate progressive failure analysis, and cohesive interface modeling is employed to simulate delamination initiation and dynamic propagation. According to the strain data from the experiment, the discontinuous neutral axis causes bending moments in the laminate, which are coupled with the axial compression load and interact together on the laminate. The FEM results indicate that there is a significant stress concentration at the junction of the thin section and the variable thickness section, and the stresses in the thin section are greater than those in the thick section. Delamination damage and fiber-matrix damage occurs at the junction, which is consistent with the findings of the experiment. The ultimate load estimated by FEM is 10.7% less than the average ultimate load measured by the experiment, demonstrating the model’s viability and rationality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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20. 多层乳液递送系统的应用及研究进展.
- Author
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武琼琼, 吴越, 沈雪, 赵福阳, and 藏小丹
- Subjects
EMULSIONS - Abstract
Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Effect of Sintering Temperature on High-Entropy Alloy Particle Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites via Vacuum Hot-Pressing Sintering.
- Author
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Zhang, Liang, Fang, Weilin, Tian, Wenbin, and Yuan, Zhanwei
- Subjects
ALUMINUM composites ,TEMPERATURE effect ,SINTERING ,SCANNING electron microscopes ,ELECTRONIC probes ,ALLOYS - Abstract
In this paper, Al
0.6 CoCrFeNi/5052 aluminum matrix composites were prepared at different sintering temperatures (550–700 °C) by vacuum hot-pressing sintering. The effects of sintering temperature on composites were studied by testing the morphology, phase composition and mechanical properties of the composites, which were characterized by uniaxial compression experiments, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, electron probe and nanoindentation. The results show that the prepared composites have high strength and very good ductility with sintering temperature lower than 700 °C. When the sintering temperature is above 550 °C, the interface layer is formed in the composite material. As the sintering temperature increases, the formation method of the interface layer changes. The generation of the interface layer has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Improved Polarization‐Retention‐Endurance in Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 Films by ZrO2 Capping via Electrostatic Effects
- Author
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Tingfeng Song, Panagiotis Koutsogiannis, César Magén, José A. Pardo, Florencio Sánchez, and Ignasi Fina
- Subjects
endurance ,epitaxial HfO2 ,ferroelectric hafnia ,HZO ,interface layer ,nanolaminates ,Electric apparatus and materials. Electric circuits. Electric networks ,TK452-454.4 ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
Abstract Ferroelectric hafnia is one of the most promising materials for next generation of non‐volatile memory devices. Several strategies have demonstrated to be of interest to improve its functional properties. Interface engineering, realized by the introduction of additional layer in the capacitor structure, is demonstrated as a promising strategy. However, interface layers can have multiple implications, such as changes in the chemistry of the interfaces and an increase of depolarization field, whose effects are difficult to discriminate. The role of HfO2 and ZrO2 capping is explored on polarization, retention, endurance, and leakage properties of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 epitaxial films. In HfO2 capped films, lower polarization is observed, and endurance and retention are also comparably worse than in ZrO2 capped films. Complementary under illumination ferroelectric characterization and capacitance measurements indicate a reduction of defects and interface capacitance contribution in ZrO2 capped films. For both cappings, the interfaces with the Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 layer are shown to be compositionally sharp and the phase of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) grains is replicated on the capping layer, indicating that electrostatic effects prevail and that the use of interface layers with high permittivity, here ZrO2, is crucial to favor good functional properties. more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. The Features of the Layers Growth in Stressed InAs/GaSb Superlattices.
- Author
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Levin, R. V., Nevedomskiy, V. N., and Sokura, L. A.
- Subjects
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SUPERLATTICES , *TRANSMISSION electron microscopy - Abstract
The paper presents the results of a study of factors affecting the thickness of transition (interface) layers in stressed InAs/GaSb superlattices during growth by MOCVD method. It is shown that the thicknesses of the interface layers between InAs and GaSb are practically independent of the growth temperature. The thickness of the interface layers is influenced by the direction of switching the layer growth. The smallest thickness of 1.2–1.4 nm of the interface layer InAs/GaSb was obtained for the direction of growth switching from GaSb to InAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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24. Bidirectional passivation of the SnO2/perovskite interface in perovskite solar cells through organic salt 3-Hydroxytyramine hydrochloride
- Author
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Hengda Yao, Yinyan Xu, Mengjie Dai, Lun Zhang, Pujun Niu, Ziying Wen, Mei Lyu, and Jun Zhu
- Subjects
Perovskite solar cells ,3-Hydroxytyramine hydrochloride ,Bidirectional passivation ,Interface layer ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 - Abstract
SnO2 offers compelling advantages as an excellent electron transport layer material in perovskite solar cells. However, the defects caused by oxygen vacancies are unfavorable to the interface contact and would hinder the device performance. A simple and effective interface passivation strategy using 3-Hydroxytyramine hydrochloride (3-Hh) is developed, which realizes the bidirectional passivation of electron transport layer and perovskite. The passivation mechanism of 3-Hh is investigated. Further, the morphology of the subsequent deposited perovskite film is improved. The modified perovskite film exhibits increased grain size with better uniformity, reduced grain boundaries, lowered defect density. A relatively higher power conversion efficiency of 22.63% is achieved for the perovskite solar cells based on the bidirectional passivation of SnO2/perovskite interface. Meanwhile, the modified devices can retain 80% and 82% of the initial efficiency after storage for 1400 h in air and 700 h in 85 °C, respectively. The results show that 3-Hh could be a promising multifunctional interface material to further enhance the efficiency and the stability of perovskite solar cells. more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Interphase percolation phenomena in chitosan-graphene oxide nanocomposites, the role of water content
- Author
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Yevgen Prokhorov, Gabriel Luna-Barcenas, and Yuriy Kovalenko
- Subjects
nanocomposites ,material testing ,biocomposites ,interface layer ,percolation ,Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,TA401-492 ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
Herein, we report interphase percolation phenomena in chitosan-graphene oxide (CS-GO) nanocomposites as a function of water content. The dependencies of the DC conductivity and the static dielectric constant have been investigated in a wide range of GO concentrations (0–12 wt%) and water contents (0, 4, 9, and 24%). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements reveal the presence of strong interaction between the CS matrix and GO fillers. For annealed CS-GO films in a vacuum (no water content), the DC conductivity and dielectric constant do not depend upon the GO concentration. When the water content increases, a percolation phenomenon is now detected; by increasing water content, the percolation threshold shifts to a lower GO concentration. A three-phase model which includes the conductivities of CS and GO, and an interphase layer fits well DC conductivity data; this modelbased analysis suggests that upon increasing the water content, the conductivity of the interphase layer is higher than the one of both neat CS and GO. Water molecules at the interface drive a high-conductivity interfacial shell supporting a proton transfer mechanism; this mechanism is a plausible scenario for percolation in wet CS-GO nanocomposites. Our results may be of great importance in the applications of such nanocomposites in flexible electronics, biomedicine, proton exchange membranes, and sensors. more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Thickness-dependent microstructure, resistive switching, ferroelectric, and energy storage properties of pulsed laser deposited 0.85[0.6Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3-0.4(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3]-0.15SrTiO3 thin films.
- Author
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Tasneem, Muhassinah, Monteiro, Carlos R.P., Kumar, N.S. Kiran, Silva, J.P.B., Sekhar, K.C., Kamakshi, K., and Pereira, M.
- Subjects
- *
ENERGY storage , *THIN films , *PULSED laser deposition , *ELECTRIC field effects , *THICK films , *PULSED lasers - Abstract
In this work, we have studied the effect of thickness on structural, morphological, resistive switching (RS), ferroelectric, and energy storage properties of 0.85[0.6Ba (Zr 0.2 Ti 0.8)O 3 -0.4(Ba 0.7 Ca 0.3)TiO 3 ]-0.15SrTiO 3 (BZCT-STO) thin films deposited by the pulsed laser deposition technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis suggests that BZCT-STO thin films exhibit a polycrystalline tetragonal structure. The lattice parameters and tetragonality ratio approaching to bulk value with an increase of thickness, confirm strain relaxation in thicker films. SEM analysis reveals a dense columnar structure with a different grain size that varies from 3 nm to 60 nm as thickness increased from 160 to 360 nm. The P-E loops suggest that the relaxor behaviour increases with a decrease of thickness due to interface low dielectric layer, substrate clamping effect, small grain size, and high back switching ratio. The RS effect observed in Pt/BZCT-STO/Au capacitors is attributed to polarization modulation of the Schottky barrier and is found to be significant at low thickness. The effect of electric field and frequency on energy storage properties of BZCT-STO films is also investigated. The Pt/BZCT-STO/Au capacitor with a thickness of 160 nm exhibited 6.0 J/cm3 with an efficiency of 72% at a field of 800 kV/cm. It also exhibited a robust energy storage performance in the frequency range of 50–2000 Hz and also up to 108 cycles passing through the capacitor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. A new technique to achieve thick Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 films for advanced applications.
- Author
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Liang, Xuelian, Niu, Zihan, Li, Tianci, Chen, Jihuang, Zhao, Haiting, Yang, Qian, He, Ming, Feng, Min, Zeng, Cheng, and Ji, Lu
- Subjects
- *
THICK films , *FLUX pinning , *HIGH temperature superconductors , *CRITICAL currents , *SURFACE resistance , *CRITICAL temperature - Abstract
Tl 2 Ba 2 CaCu 2 O 8 (Tl-2212) high-temperature superconductors (HTS) exhibit excellent superconductivity performance as their critical temperature (T c) is higher than 100 K. However, the emergence of microcracks on the film surface restricts the thickness of the obtained Tl-2212 films, thus greatly limiting their scientific research and engineering application. Here, we fabricate crack-free Tl 2 Ba 2 CaCu 2 O 8 (Tl-2212) films with a thickness of up to 5 μm on LaAlO 3 (001) substrates synthesized by an improved strategy of a closed system. The impact of the thickness of the Tl-2212 films on their crystallographic orientations, T c , critical current density (J c) (0 T), critical current intensity (I c) (0 T), and microwave surface resistance (R s) was systemically explored. As the thickness increases, T c values fluctuate slightly above 100 K while the variation of J c follows the extended strong pinning theory. I c of the 4 μm thick film stays around 80 A at 95 K, and the R s result is less than 1 mΩ at 93 K, indicating their excellent performance at high temperatures. The interaction mechanism between the J c and R s of the Tl-2212 film is replenished in light of the quantitative exploration of J c and R s. This work on Tl-2212 films will promote their fundamental physics research and guide their potential applications in the electronics and electrical field. It can also serve as a reference for future research on other HTS materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Interface characteristics and wear resistance of Ni-B4C plated ZTA reinforced high chromium cast iron composite.
- Author
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Ke-liang Li, Wei Li, and Yan-liang Yi
- Subjects
- *
CAST-iron , *WEAR resistance , *IRON composites , *IRON founding , *CHROMIUM , *SISAL (Fiber) , *PLANT products - Abstract
A chemical composite plating of Ni-B4C was used to prepare the surface-modified zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) ceramic particles. The ceramic preforms were prepared by the plated ZTA and sodium silicate solution binder, followed by casting infiltration to prepare the ZTA particles reinforced high chromium cast iron (HCCI) composites. The result reveals that a distinct interface layer forms at the ZTA/HCCI interface, which consists of phases of ZrB2, FeB, Fe2B, and NaSiO4. The interfacial wettability between ZTA and HCCI is improved by the diffusion and reaction of Ni and B4C. The wear test reveals that the Ni-B4C plated ZTA particles can effectively improve the wear resistance of the ZTA/HCCI composite, and the wear rate of the composite is decreased to 11.6% of HCCI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. TREND ANALYSIS OF RAIL CORRUGATION IN METRO LINES CONSIDERING FRICTION MEMORY AND INTERFACE EFFECTS.
- Author
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ZHIQIANG WANG and ZHENYU LEI
- Subjects
COMPRESSIVE strength ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) ,WATER frame (Spinning machinery) ,MINERAL industries ,STIFFNESS (Mechanics) - Abstract
In order to investigate the evolution trend of rail corrugation under the action of slip and interface effects, stick-slip vibration characteristics of a wheel-rail system in different line conditions have been analyzed in detail by establishing a complete three-dimensional coupling metro vehicle-track numerical model and considering the friction memory effect characterizing the slip rate and state dependence as well as interface effect. The results show that on a straight line, the friction memory effect has less influence on the wheel-rail contact stick-slip characteristics, and the values and variation ranges of adhesion coefficients and creepages are relatively small, indicating that it is difficult for the wheel-rail system to have stick-slip vibration, which makes it less likely to form rail corrugation. On a curved line, the fluctuation amplitudes of the inside longitudinal stick-slip characteristics and the outside transverse stick-slip characteristics are relatively large, which illustrates that the inside wheel-rail system is more prone to stick-slip vibration in the longitudinal direction, while the outside wheel-rail system is more prone to stick-slip vibration in the transverse direction, thus leading to different forms of rail corrugation. The friction memory effect reduces longitudinal and transverse creepages of both the inside and outside wheel-rail systems, demonstrating that the friction memory effect can moderate the relative wheel-rail slip and thus reduce the development rate of rail corrugation. The interface effect makes longitudinal and transverse adhesion coefficients of the wheel-rail system tend to homogenize and mostly decrease, while the corresponding creepages tend to increase. Although an increase in the creepage induces an enhanced interface slip, a smaller adhesion coefficient does not cause a significant change in the corrugation evolution. Friction memory and interface effects can cause the wheel-rail contact adhesion area ratio to increase, thus making the contact stick-slip distribution tend to homogenize, which is beneficial to reduce wear in the contact area and promote wear to homogenize. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Progress and Prospect of Zn Anode Modification in Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries: Experimental and Theoretical Aspects.
- Author
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Feng, Kaiyong, Wang, Dongxu, and Yu, Yingjian
- Subjects
- *
ZINC alloys , *ENERGY storage , *MOLECULAR dynamics , *ZINC ions , *ION migration & velocity , *ANODES , *STORAGE batteries , *CATHODES - Abstract
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs), the favorite of next-generation energy storage devices, are popular among researchers owing to their environmental friendliness, low cost, and safety. However, AZIBs still face problems of low cathode capacity, fast attenuation, slow ion migration rate, and irregular dendrite growth on anodes. In recent years, many researchers have focused on Zn anode modification to restrain dendrite growth. This review introduces the energy storage mechanism and current challenges of AZIBs, and then some modifying strategies for zinc anodes are elucidated from the perspectives of experiments and theoretical calculations. From the experimental point of view, the modification strategy is mainly to construct a dense artificial interface layer or porous framework on the anode surface, with some research teams directly using zinc alloys as anodes. On the other hand, theoretical research is mainly based on adsorption energy, differential charge density, and molecular dynamics. Finally, this paper summarizes the research progress on AZIBs and puts forward some prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Improved polarization-retention-endurance in Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 films by ZrO2 capping via electrostatic effects
- Author
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Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, China Scholarship Council, Song, Tingfeng, Koutsogiannis, Panagiotis, Magén, César, Pardo, José A., Sánchez Barrera, Florencio, Fina, Ignasi, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, China Scholarship Council, Song, Tingfeng, Koutsogiannis, Panagiotis, Magén, César, Pardo, José A., Sánchez Barrera, Florencio, and Fina, Ignasi more...
- Abstract
Ferroelectric hafnia is one of the most promising materials for next generation of non-volatile memory devices. Several strategies have demonstrated to be of interest to improve its functional properties. Interface engineering, realized by the introduction of additional layer in the capacitor structure, is demonstrated as a promising strategy. However, interface layers can have multiple implications, such as changes in the chemistry of the interfaces and an increase of depolarization field, whose effects are difficult to discriminate. The role of HfO2 and ZrO2 capping is explored on polarization, retention, endurance, and leakage properties of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 epitaxial films. In HfO2 capped films, lower polarization is observed, and endurance and retention are also comparably worse than in ZrO2 capped films. Complementary under illumination ferroelectric characterization and capacitance measurements indicate a reduction of defects and interface capacitance contribution in ZrO2 capped films. For both cappings, the interfaces with the Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 layer are shown to be compositionally sharp and the phase of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) grains is replicated on the capping layer, indicating that electrostatic effects prevail and that the use of interface layers with high permittivity, here ZrO2, is crucial to favor good functional properties. more...
- Published
- 2024
32. Microstructure evolution and crack propagation mechanism during laser lap welding of Ti6Al4V and DP780 steel with CoCrNi powder
- Author
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Taotao Li, Jingfeng Xu, Xiaolin Bi, and Ruifeng Li
- Subjects
Steel/Ti joint ,Microstructure evolution ,Crack, Intermetallic compounds ,Interface layer ,Ductility and toughness ,Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,TA401-492 - Abstract
Joining steel and Ti alloys is important for aerospace applications. However, the brittle intermetallic compounds (IMCs) formed during welding of steel and Ti alloys are prone to cracks, which limit the preparation of high-strength steel/Ti joints. In this work, CoCrNi powder was used as an intermediate alloy to reduce the tendency of these brittle phases to produce cracks. The addition of this CoCrNi powder ensured that good quality joints were obtained and no cracks were observed. Three elements of CoCrNi are capable of infinite solid solution with Fe, so the alloy powder does not form a large amount of brittle IMCs with Fe by laser melting. A region of Fe-Ti IMCs formed at the steel/Ti interface due to the mixing of Fe and Ti. Moreover, the diffusion of CoCrNi from the melt pool into the Fe-Ti IMC interface layer reduced the interface layer brittleness, decreased the interface layer cracking tendency and improved joint performance. The plastic toughness of the interface layer of Fe-Ti compounds significantly improved after the addition of Co, Cr, and Ni alloying elements, which fully demonstrated the effectiveness of CoCrNi powder incorporation. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Effect of pre-annealing of Mo foil substrate on CZTSSe thin films and Mo(S,Se)2 interface layer.
- Author
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Wu, X. S. and Xu, J. X.
- Subjects
- *
THIN films , *OHMIC contacts , *METAL foils , *BUFFER layers , *SOL-gel processes , *TRACE elements - Abstract
Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) thin film deposited on flexible Mo foil substrate has advantage of high mass specific power and good ductility. However, a thick Mo(S,Se)2 interface layer is easily to be formed between CZTSSe and Mo foil substrate. The ohmic contact property of CZTSSe/Mo is deteriorated by the formation of Mo(S,Se)2. In this work, the Mo foil substrate was pre-annealed to inhibit the growth of Mo(S,Se)2 interface layer. CZTSSe thin films were prepared on the pre-annealed Mo foil substrate by sol-gel and selenization methods. The pre-annealing treatment of Mo foil substrate leads to the oxidation of Mo. During the high temperature selenization process, the MoOx acts as a buffer layer to suppress the formation of the Mo(S,Se)2 interface layer. With the increase of the pre-annealing temperature of the Mo foil substrate, the thickness of the Mo(S,Se)2 interface layer decreases, and the resistance of CZTSSe/Mo(S,Se)2/Mo structure decreases. The ohmic contact properties of CZTSSe/Mo can be improved by the pre-annealing treatment of metal Mo foil substrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Design of an Interface Layer Using CPW between an Array Antenna and TRM in X-Band Radar Systems to Minimize Leakage Fields and Improve Transmission Characteristics.
- Author
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Cho, Jeongmin, Jang, Doyoung, Lee, Chang-Hyun, and Choo, Hosung
- Subjects
RADAR ,REFLECTANCE ,ANTENNA arrays ,TRANSMITTING antennas ,LEAKAGE ,ANTENNAS (Electronics) - Abstract
In this paper, we propose an interface layer using the coplanar waveguide (CPW) between an array antenna and transmitting receiver modules (TRMs) for X-band military ship radar systems. To improve transmission characteristics, the interface layer with the CPW has three transition parts: Transition part A is between the sub miniature push-on (SMP) connector and the interface layer. Transition part B is the CPW in which the thickness gradually increases. Transition part C is for connecting the interface layer and the antenna. The measured reflection and transmission coefficients of the fabricated interface layer are −22.4 dB and −0.82 dB, respectively. To verify the proposed interface layer, we then apply the layer to a 2 × 2 X-band array antenna and measure the array antenna characteristics, such as reflection coefficients, array antenna gain, and half-power beam widths (HPBWs). The measured reflection coefficient is under −10 dB from 8.6 GHz to 10.2 GHz, and the bore-sight array gain of the 2 × 2 array antenna is 10.5 dBi at 9.5 GHz. In addition, the measured HPBWs under the same conditions are 47.8° and 39.1° in the zx- and zy-planes, respectively. The results demonstrate that the proposed interface layer using the CPW is suitable for X-band radar systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Different Attempt to Improve Friction Stir Brazing: Effect of Mechanical Vibration and Rotational Speed.
- Author
-
Bagheri, Behrouz, Abbasi, Mahmoud, Sharifi, Farzaneh, and Abdollahzadeh, Amin
- Abstract
A developed version of friction stir brazing (FSB) entitled friction stir vibration brazing (FSVB) was presented to fabricate low carbon steel joint using %67wt Sn-%33wt Pb alloy as a braze metal. This attempt aims to analyze the role of mechanical vibration and rotational speed on microstructure and mechanical behaviors of the brazed samples. Furthermore, the thermal analysis, the thickness of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) layers, and void volume percentage at the joint interface were studied. It was concluded that the temperature during the joining process increased and the coherency of the joint interface enhanced while FSVB was applied instead of FSB. In addition, the grains in the joint zone under the FSVB process were smaller than those produced under the conventional FSB process. The results also showed that the mechanical performance, namely hardness, and shear strength increased and the thickness of the IMCs layer along with the void volume percentage in the brazed sample decreased as rotational speed increased from 850 to 1150 rpm. The results indicated that rotational speeds over 1150 rpm had detrimental effects on mechanical properties. This is related to the effect of high heat input and induced temperature on brazing flow and filler-base metal interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Composition and Structure Progress of the Catalytic Interface Layer for Bipolar Membrane.
- Author
-
Zhao, Di, Xu, Jinyun, Sun, Yu, Li, Minjing, Zhong, Guoqiang, Hu, Xudong, Sun, Jiefang, Li, Xiaoyun, Su, Han, Li, Ming, Zhang, Ziqi, Zhang, Yu, Zhao, Liping, Zheng, Chunming, and Sun, Xiaohong
- Subjects
- *
ELECTRODIALYSIS , *ION-permeable membranes , *WATER efficiency , *INTERFACE structures - Abstract
Bipolar membranes, a new type of composite ion exchange membrane, contain an anion exchange layer, a cation exchange layer and an interface layer. The interface layer or junction is the connection between the anion and cation exchange layers. Water is dissociated into protons and hydroxide ions at the junction, which provides solutions to many challenges in the chemical, environmental and energy fields. By combining bipolar membranes with electrodialysis technology, acids and bases could be produced with low cost and high efficiency. The interface layer or junction of bipolar membranes (BPMs) is the connection between the anion and cation exchange layers, which the membrane and interface layer modification are vital for improving the performance of BPMs. This paper reviews the effect of modification of a bipolar membrane interface layer on water dissociation efficiency and voltage across the membrane, which divides into three aspects: organic materials, inorganic materials and newly designed materials with multiple components. The structure of the interface layer is also introduced on the performance of bipolar membranes. In addition, the remainder of this review discusses the challenges and opportunities for the development of more efficient, sustainable and practical bipolar membranes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Structural characterization and nanoscale strain field analysis of α/β interface layer of a near α titanium alloy
- Author
-
Lu Longlong, Zhang Yanmin, Song Kexing, Guo Xiuhua, Li Yan, Li Shangguang, and Zhou Fei
- Subjects
ti80 alloy ,interface layer ,hrtem ,fcc phase ,gpa ,Technology ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 ,Physical and theoretical chemistry ,QD450-801 - Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Improving efficiency of germanium-based perovskite solar cells with graphene interface layer: A strategy to minimize charge recombination.
- Author
-
Rehman, Ubaid Ur, Almufarij, Rasmiah S., Abd-Elwahed, A.R., Sahar, Kashaf Ul, Hussain, Ejaz, Ashfaq, Arslan, Mahmood, Khalid, and Wang, Chun-Ming
- Subjects
- *
SOLAR cells , *COPPER , *ELECTRON transport , *TITANIUM dioxide , *CHARGE carriers - Abstract
Germanium-based perovskite solar cells stand out as a feasible substitute for conventional solar cells due to their non-toxic and durable properties. Therefore the current work aims to investigate several layouts of KGeCl 3 -based solar cells by employing TiO 2 and Cu 2 O as an optimal electron transport layer (ETL) and hole transport layer (HTL). Moreover, the graphene layer has been employed as an interface layer between the Cu 2 O and KGeCl 3 (absorber layer) to reduce the charge (e‒/h+) recombination. In addition, a depletion region generated by the graphene interface layer provides an effective charge transfer at the interface by lowering the recombination losses, which leads to an overall improvement in the PSC performance. After the initial device configuration, the thickness of the absorber and the graphene layer, which included the total recombination and generation rate of charge carriers, acceptor density (N a), defect density (N t), and the working temperature (K), were optimized systematically. Thus the final device showcased a remarkable PCE of 31.126 % along with a V oc of 0.921 V, J sc of 39.926 mA/cm2, and FF of 84.62 % for FTO/TiO 2 /KGeCl 3 /Grp/Cu 2 O/Au configuration. This computational analysis of lead-free KGeCl 3 -based perovskite solar cells paves the way for future improvements and practical applications of germanium-based PSCs. [Display omitted] • Analysis of KGeCl 3 -based PSC (with/without Grp-layer) via SCAPS-1D. • Utilization of TiO 2 and Cu 2 O as an optimal ETL and HTL. • Origination of SCR by graphene layer integration between HTL and absorber layers to achieve maximum PCE. • Significant enhancement in PCE from 24.9 % to 31.126 % for KGeCl 3 -based PSC with graphene interface layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Effect of anode interfacial modification on the performance of laminated flexible ITO‐free organic solar cells
- Author
-
Zesen Lin, Wei Guan, Wanzhu Cai, Le Wang, Xiaojing Wang, Zhicai He, and Lintao Hou
- Subjects
flexible ,interface layer ,lamination ,organic solar cells ,self‐encapsulation ,Technology ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Lamination technique is one of the most promising and effective approaches to produce flexible organic solar cells (OSCs), with the combination of high throughput and simultaneous encapsulation. In this study, flexible ITO‐free OSCs were successfully fabricated by lamination technique under the optimized temperature and pressure. It is found that the introduction of hole interface layer of PEDOT:MoO3 helps to improve both the film hydrophobicity and the carrier extraction. A high efficiency improvement of about 30% is obtained in the interface‐modified laminating flexible ITO‐free OSCs compared to the conventional laminated device. This work illustrates that anode interface engineering has a significant effect on the improvement of performance of roll‐to‐roll laminated and self‐encapsulated OSCs. more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Enhanced fracture toughness of Ti2AlNb/Ti6Al4V layered metal composite.
- Author
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Du, Wanying, Wang, Xin, Wei, Boxin, Ye, Peihao, Wu, Hao, Miao, Kesong, Wu, He, Li, Rengeng, Liu, Chenglu, Li, Xuewen, and Fan, Guohua
- Subjects
- *
MATERIAL plasticity , *FRACTURE toughness , *CRACK propagation (Fracture mechanics) , *METALLIC composites , *STRESS concentration - Abstract
Drawing inspiration from the intricacies of nacre structure, Ti 2 AlNb/Ti6Al4V layered metal composite was fabricated by vacuum hot pressing and achieved high fracture toughness. The fracture toughness of the composite registers at 48.5 MPa∙m1/2, surpassing the theoretical fracture toughness calculated based on the rule of mixture (ROM) and exhibiting 54 % improvement compared toTi 2 AlNb alloy. The introduction of a layered configuration imparts complex crack propagation pathways to the composite. The occurrences of crack deflection, crack bridging, crack passivation, and interface delamination serve to increase the resistance to crack propagation. Moreover, the plastic deformation of the ductile Ti6Al4V layer and the large plastic zone size of the crack tip can release the stress concentration and delay the fracture of the composite. This understanding not only advances our comprehension of the toughening mechanisms but also has practical implications for the application and development of layered Ti 2 AlNb alloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Stable dendrite-free Zn electrodeposition triggered by hydrophobic-zincophilic and elastic interface for highly reversible Zn battery anode.
- Author
-
Wang, Tian, Fu, Hao, Tang, Shaocong, Xiang, Weiwei, Li, Mengrong, Lee, Jun Kyu, Xu, Liangliang, and Yu, Jae Su
- Subjects
- *
GRID energy storage , *ENERGY storage , *ANODES , *ELECTROPLATING , *ELECTRIC batteries , *POLYVINYLIDENE fluoride , *ALLOY plating - Abstract
[Display omitted] • A hydrophobic-zincophilic and elastic interface was obtained for even Zn deposition. • The prepared interface accelerated ion transfer kinetics and regulated Zn-ion flux. • Zn symmetrical cell exhibited a stable cycling of 2200 h at 1 mA cm−2/1 mAh cm−2. Aqueous zinc (Zn) metal batteries (ZMBs) are regarded as promising candidates for grid energy storage systems due to their low cost, high safety, and environmental friendliness. However, the notorious Zn dendrites induced by the uneven Zn deposition and severe side reactions hinder the widespread application of aqueous ZMBs. Herein, we ingeniously combine inorganic zincophilicity and organic elasticity to report a silver nanoparticle-decorated polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as a hydrophobic-zincophilic and elastic artificial interface layer (HZE-Zn) to stabilize Zn electrodeposition. The synergistic effect of the elastic hydrophobic PVDF and the in-situ alloyed zincophilic interface constrains the corrosion and achieves homogeneous Zn-ion flux at the electrode interface. Consequently, the modified Zn anode achieves stable Zn deposition with a long lifespan of over 2200 h at a current density of 1.0 mA cm−2 and 1400 h at 2.0 mAh cm−2. When coupled with a MnO 2 cathode, the prepared HZE-Zn anode exhibits better full-cell cycling stability than the pristine Zn anode. This interesting concept of building a hydrophobic-zincophilic and elastic artificial interface layer for Zn anodes provides new vitality to develop the practical applications of aqueous ZMBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Potential Use of Chitosan-TiO 2 Nanocomposites for the Electroanalytical Detection of Imidacloprid.
- Author
-
Castillo, Blanca Estela, Prokhorov, Evgen, Luna-Bárcenas, Gabriel, and Kovalenko, Yuriy
- Subjects
- *
IMIDACLOPRID , *NANOCOMPOSITE materials , *MOLECULAR recognition , *POISONS , *FARM produce , *NEONICOTINOIDS - Abstract
The detection of toxic insecticides is a major scientific and technological challenge. In this regard, imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid that is a systemic insecticide that can accumulate in agricultural products and affect human health. This work aims to study the properties of chitosan–TiO2 nanocomposites in which nanoparticles with high surface area serve as molecular recognition sites for electroanalytical imidacloprid detection. We show that the best sensitivity to imidacloprid was obtained using a modified electrode with a chitosan–TiO2 nanocomposite with a 40 wt.% of TiO2 nanoparticles. By using a three-phase effective permittivity model which includes chitosan, TiO2, an interface layer between nanoparticles and a matrix, we showed that nanocomposites with 40 wt.% of TiO2 the interface volume fraction reaches a maximum. At higher nanoparticle concentration, the sensitivity of the sensor decreases due to the decreasing of the interface volume fraction, agglomeration of nanoparticles and a decrease in their effective surface area. The methodology presented can be helpful in the design and optimization of polymer-based nanocomposites for a variety of applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Emergent strain engineering of multiferroic BiFeO3 thin films
- Author
-
Fei Sun, Deyang Chen, Xingsen Gao, and Jun-Ming Liu
- Subjects
BiFeO3 ,Freestanding thin films ,Interface layer ,Thermal expansion ,Defect engineering ,Ultrafast photoinduced strain ,Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,TA401-492 - Abstract
BiFeO3, a single-phase multiferroic material, possesses several polymorphs and exhibits a strong sensitivity to strain. Recently, emergent strain engineering in BiFeO3 thin films has attracted intense interest, which can overcome the confines of traditional strain engineering introduced through the mismatch between the film and substrate. In this review, we discuss emerging non-traditional strain engineering approaches to create new ground states and manipulate novel functionalities in multiferroic BiFeO3 thin films. Through fabricating freestanding thin films, inserting an interface layer or utilizing thermal expansion mismatch, continuously tunable strain can be imposed beyond substrate limitations. Nanostructured evolution and defect introduction are discussed as efficient routes to introduce strain, promising for the development of new nanodevices. Ultrafast optical excitation, growth conditions and chemical doping driven strain are summarized as well. We hope this review will arouse the readers’ interest in this fascinating field. more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Interface characteristics and wear resistance of Ni-B4C plated ZTA reinforced high chromium cast iron composite
- Author
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Li, Ke-liang, Li, Wei, and Yi, Yan-liang
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- 2023
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45. 冻黏土界面层单调剪切数值模拟及实验对比分析.
- Author
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孙厚超, 马爱群, 杨平, and 张飞
- Abstract
In order to study the monotonic shear mechanical properties of frozen soil interface layer, based on Goodman element of ABAQUS software, the FEA model for shearing test of frozen soil-structure interface is created by means of secondary development function and self-defined damage constitutive equation. Then numerical simulation of shear test of frozen soil-structure interface is implemented. By contrast with experimental test, the following results can be obtained: 1 The finite element model of frozen soil interface layer numerically simulates the shear test, and the calculated results are consistent with the test. 2 When simulating the shear of frozen soil interface layer, the shear stress reaches the peak with the shear displacement, and then transits to the steady shear stage. The simulated peak shear stress and simulated stable shear stress increase with the increase of normal stress. The simulated shear strength of frozen soil interface layer has a good linear relationship with normal stress, which can be described by Mohr coulomb theory. 3 Structural surface roughness, frozen soil temperature and normal stress have important effects on the mechanical properties of frozen soil interface layer. The researeh results provide a new research method and peth for the mechanical properties of frozen soil interface layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
46. Effect of dislocation and layer height on the compression performance of tandem honeycombs.
- Author
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Zhang, Xiaojing, Weng, Hangjian, and Liu, Longquan
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HONEYCOMBS , *HONEYCOMB structures , *SANDWICH construction (Materials) , *FINITE element method , *ELASTIC modulus - Abstract
In this study, the compression mechanical response of tandem honeycomb cores was investigated to determine the effect of dislocation length and layer height on the compression resistance of tandem honeycomb. A series of flatwise compressive tests were carried out on single-layer and double-layer honeycombs, which showed that tandem honeycomb obtains higher equivalent elastic modulus and collapse stress, and the core assembled with dislocation can achieve almost the same collapse stress with the aligned assembled honeycombs. In addition, a mesoscale finite element modeling method was developed and used to evaluate the effect of dislocation length and layer height on the mechanical response of tandem honeycomb through parametric simulation. Overall, our results suggest that dislocation length is proportional to the collapse stress, and the layer height decides the equivalent modulus and collapse stress of tandem honeycomb, specifically, dislocation length helps achieve higher collapse stress in the tandem honeycomb of varying layer heights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2022
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47. Mixed oxides of cerium and manganese as catalysts for total oxidation of ethyl acetate: effect of preparation procedure.
- Author
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Issa, Gloria, Dimitrov, Momtchil, Ivanova, Radostina, Kormunda, Martin, Kovacheva, Daniela, and Tsoncheva, Tanya
- Abstract
The microstructure of manganese and cerium oxide bi-component materials with different Ce/Mn ratio, obtained by co-precipitation and template assisted hydrothermal techniques, is studied in details by nitrogen physisorption, XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS and Raman spectroscopies and TPR with hydrogen. The catalytic behaviour of the composites in total oxidation of ethyl acetate is investigated. It is found that the close contact between manganese and cerium metal oxide nanoparticles is realized by interface layer of isomorphously substitituted or incorporated in interstitial positions in ceria lattice manganese ions in different oxidative state. The physicochemical data evidence that this interface layer stabilizes a "shell" of finely dispersed CeO
2 species on the "core" of MnOx entities, which plays a decisive role in the catalytic process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2022
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48. Controllable Photoelectric Properties of Carbon Dots and Their Application in Organic Solar Cells.
- Author
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Zhao, Wen-Sheng, Li, Xin-Xin, Zha, Han, Yang, Yong-Zhen, Yan, Ling-Peng, Luo, Qun, Liu, Xu-Guang, Wang, Hua, Ma, Chang-Qi, and Xu, Bing-She
- Subjects
- *
SOLAR cells , *PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems , *SOLAR cell efficiency , *ELECTRON transport , *CARBON , *SURFACE energy - Abstract
Organic solar cells are a current research hotspot in the energy field because of their advantages of lightness, translucency, roll to roll printing and building integration. With the rapid development of small molecule acceptor materials with high-performance, the efficiency of organic solar cells has been greatly improved. Further improving the device efficiency and stability and reducing the cost of active layer materials will contribute to the industrial development of organic solar cells. As a novel type of carbon nanomaterials, carbon dots gradually show great application potential in the field of organic solar cells due to their advantages of low preparation cost, non-toxicity and excellent photoelectric performance. Firstly, the synthesis and classification of carbon dots are briefly introduced. Secondly, the photoelectric properties of carbon dots and their adjusting, including adjustable surface energy level structure, good film-forming performance and up/down conversion characteristics are summarized. Thirdly, based on these intrinsic properties, the feasibility and advantages of carbon dots used in organic solar cells are discussed. Fourthly, the application progress of carbon dots in the active layer, hole transport layer, electron transport layer, interface modification layer and down-conversion materials of organic solar cells is also reviewed. Finally, the application progress of carbon dots in organic solar cells is prospected. Several further research directions, including in-depth exploration of the controllable preparation of carbon dots and their application in the fields of interface layer and up/down conversion for improving efficiency and stability of device are pointed out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2022
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49. Progress and Prospect of Zn Anode Modification in Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries: Experimental and Theoretical Aspects
- Author
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Kaiyong Feng, Dongxu Wang, and Yingjian Yu
- Subjects
aqueous zinc-ion batteries ,zinc dendrites ,interface layer ,zinc alloy ,adsorption energy ,molecular dynamics ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs), the favorite of next-generation energy storage devices, are popular among researchers owing to their environmental friendliness, low cost, and safety. However, AZIBs still face problems of low cathode capacity, fast attenuation, slow ion migration rate, and irregular dendrite growth on anodes. In recent years, many researchers have focused on Zn anode modification to restrain dendrite growth. This review introduces the energy storage mechanism and current challenges of AZIBs, and then some modifying strategies for zinc anodes are elucidated from the perspectives of experiments and theoretical calculations. From the experimental point of view, the modification strategy is mainly to construct a dense artificial interface layer or porous framework on the anode surface, with some research teams directly using zinc alloys as anodes. On the other hand, theoretical research is mainly based on adsorption energy, differential charge density, and molecular dynamics. Finally, this paper summarizes the research progress on AZIBs and puts forward some prospects. more...
- Published
- 2023
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50. Ti3C2Tx MXene for organic/perovskite optoelectronic devices.
- Author
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Chen, Ke-fan, Cai, Ping, Peng, Hong-liang, Xue, Xiao-gang, Wang, Zhong-min, and Sun, Li-xian
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Central South University is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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