1. Physics of active jamming during collective cellular motion in a monolayer
- Author
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Pascal Silberzan, Edouard Hannezo, Simon Garcia, Jens Elgeti, J.-F. Joanny, Nir S. Gov, Physico-Chimie-Curie (PCC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Curie [Paris]-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Cell type ,Time Factors ,Friction ,Cells ,Cell ,Bronchi ,Biophysical Phenomena ,Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells ,Mice ,Dogs ,Optics ,Cell Movement ,Monolayer ,medicine ,Animals ,Cluster Analysis ,Humans ,Computer Simulation ,Process (anatomy) ,[PHYS]Physics [physics] ,Physics ,Multidisciplinary ,Cell adhesion molecule ,business.industry ,Dynamics (mechanics) ,Epithelial Cells ,Models, Theoretical ,Amorphous solid ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Physical Sciences ,ddc:000 ,NIH 3T3 Cells ,Biophysics ,Particle ,business ,Cell Adhesion Molecules - Abstract
Although collective cell motion plays an important role, for example during wound healing, embryogenesis, or cancer progression, the fundamental rules governing this motion are still not well understood, in particular at high cell density. We study here the motion of human bronchial epithelial cells within a monolayer, over long times. We observe that, as the monolayer ages, the cells slow down monotonously, while the velocity correlation length first increases as the cells slow down but eventually decreases at the slowest motions. By comparing experiments, analytic model, and detailed particle-based simulations, we shed light on this biological amorphous solidification process, demonstrating that the observed dynamics can be explained as a consequence of the combined maturation and strengthening of cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesions. Surprisingly, the increase of cell surface density due to proliferation is only secondary in this process. This analysis is confirmed with two other cell types. The very general relations between the mean cell velocity and velocity correlation lengths, which apply for aggregates of self-propelled particles, as well as motile cells, can possibly be used to discriminate between various parameter changes in vivo, from noninvasive microscopy data.
- Published
- 2015