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A spectrophotometric method of pararosaniline hydrochloride is reported for rapid determination of formaldehyde (HCHO) content in cigarette smoke in common lab and it has been used to assess the removal of HCHO by zeolites and other porous sorbents conveniently. Through the evaluation in nitrogen flow and cigarette smoke, some porous sorbents were found to exert the attractive performance in capture of HCHO in smoke even in the harsh experiment, which is proven by ISO standard test and provided some candidates for environment protection.

To evaluate the feasibility of endoscope-assisted extracapsular resection of benign parotid tumors via temporal and retroauricular approach.A total of 12 patients with parotid gland tumors had endoscope-assisted extracapsular resection performed via temporal and retroauricular approach (4 versus 8) between January 2018 and January 2019.All tumors were benign with a median diameter of 2.32 ± 0.49 cm. The mean length of the skin incision was 3.5 ± 0.35 cm. The mean operating time 86.7 ± 10.8 minutes. The median blood loss was 30.4 ± 5.94 ml. The median volume of drainage was 27.1 ± 8.88 ml and the duration of drainage was 2 ± 0.71 days. The mean aesthetics scoring assigned by patients was 9.67 ± 0.51. Two patients had numbness of the earlobe and 1 patient developed a transient salivary sialocele. No facial nerve paresis was observed and no tumor recurrence occurred during the follow-up period.The minimally invasive endoscope-assisted extracapsular resection of benign parotid tumors provide both a safe and reliable technique for benign parotid tumors with excellent cosmetic results.

To investigate clinical outcomes of countertraction method in treating irreducible subcoracoid dislocation of shoulder joint combined with Hill-Sacks injury.A total of 56 patients with irreducible subcoracoid dislocation of the shoulder joint combined with Hill-Sacks injury admitted from December 2013 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Under the anesthesia of shoulder joint cavity injection, the reduction was performed by using anti-traction method (experimental group) and traditional Hippocrates method (control group), 28 cases in each group. There were 11 males and 17 females in experimental group, with an average age of (61.95±19.32) years old, 9 cases on the left side, and 19 cases on the right side. Twelve males and 16 females in control group, with an average age of (63.13±12.75) years old, 11 cases on the left side, 17 cases on the right side. The curative effects between two groups were evaluated before and after operation, including the success rate of reduction, the duration of reduction, the distance from successful reduction to injury, complications and functional rehabilitation(Constant score of shoulder joint).The success rates of reduction in experimental group and control group were 92.86%(26/28) and 67.86% (19/28), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (For patients with irreducible subcoracoid dislocation of the shoulder joint with Hill-Sacks injury, the countertraction method under anesthesia of the shoulder joint cavity achieved a higher success rate and few complications.

BACKGROUND: Due to the influence of spinal and respiratory movements, it is difficult to accurately measure the range of motion of each joint. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a three-dimensional (3D) measurement of each joint in the shoulder complex in different postures in the sagittal plane of the upper extremity. METHODS: Thirteen healthy adults with no history of shoulder surgery for trauma or chronic pain were enrolled in the present study. The computed tomography (CT) imaging data of the shoulder complex were acquired in four postures via the reconstruction and alignment of 3D images. The angles of the postural changes were measured, and rotation vectors were used for descriptions and statistical analyses. RESULTS: There was a statistical difference in the rotation angles between the dominant and non-dominant sides of the sternoclavicular joint when the posture changed from a resting position to a posterior inferior position. During the postural change from a resting position to a horizontal position, the regression coefficient (β) of the humerothoracic joint to the sternoclavicular joint was 0.191, and the β of the humerothoracic joint to the glenohumeral joint was 0.621. During the postural change from the horizontal position to the rear upper position, the β of the humerothoracic joint to the sternoclavicular joint was 0.316, and the β of the humerothoracic joint to the glenohumeral joint was 0.845. During the postural change from the resting position to the rear lower position, the β of the humerothoracic joint to the glenohumeral joint was 0.991. CONCLUSION: The application of the image alignment technique enabled the direct and accurate measurement of the bony structures of the shoulder joint. The helical approach accurately described the scapulohumeral rhythm during 3D motion. There was a scapulohumeral rhythm of the shoulder complex during 3D composite sagittal movement, with different ratios for different joints and postures.

A new way of controllable releasing menthol with amorphous silica is reported for the first time. Porous silica adsorbed menthol in 373‐413 K and then was covered with cellulose acetate film to form a carrier‐embedded menthol. The sealed menthol would be released at elevated temperatures once the cover fractured. Here, the influence of temperature and nature of sorbent on the adsorption of menthol along with the covering manner were investigated carefully, and the thermal release of menthol was studied with headspace gas chromatography (HS‐GC) method. Silica adsorbed about 400 mg g⁻¹ of menthol at the optimal adsorption conditions and released most of them at about 473 K. Preliminary application in non‐combustible cigarette proven the feasibility of thermal release of menthol with the covered silica carrier.

Heng Fan,1,* Bin-jie Su,2,* Jian-wei Le,1 Jian-hua Zhu1 1Department of Intensive Care Unit, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Intensive Care Unit, Ningbo First Hospital Haishu Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jian-hua Zhu, Department of Intensive Care Unit, Ningbo First Hospital, No.59 Liuting Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-574-87084625, Email zhujianhua201107@163.comPurpose: To clarify the protective effect and mechanism of salidroside (SLDS) on acute kidney injury (AKI) in septic rats.Methods: We pretreated rats with different doses of SLDS and analyzed the impact of SLDS on the survival of septic rats. We evaluated the levels of inflammatory factors in rats, the expression of NF-ƙB p65 in the kidney, and the apoptosis of kidney tubular epithelial cells (KTECs).Results: SLDS significantly decreased the mortality of septic rats, and it reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-17A in plasma and kidneys and decreased the levels of serum creatinine, plasma renal injury molecule-1 and plasma neutrophil gelatin-associated lipocalin. Moreover, SLDS could significantly decrease the expression of NF-ƙB p65 in kidney tissues and the apoptotic number of KETCs, while reducing the mRNA levels of Caspase-3 and Bax mRNA, and increasing the level of Bcl-2 mRNA.Conclusion: SLDS pretreatment protects against AKI in septic rats by inhibiting the inflammation of kidney and the apoptosis of KTECs.Keywords: salidroside, acute kidney injury, sepsis, apoptosis, inflammation

Autophagy, a highly conserved cellular protein degradation process, has been involved in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The present study aims to establish a novel, autophagy-related prognostic signature for prediction of AML prognosis. Differentially expressed autophagy-related genes in AML and healthy samples were screened using GSE1159. Univariate Cox regression analysis was applied to determine survival-associated autophagy-related genes in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) AML cohort. Lasso regression was performed to develop multiple-gene prognostic signatures. A novel six-gene signature (including CASP3, CHAF1B, KLHL24, OPTN, VEGFA, and VPS37C) DC was established for AML prognosis prediction. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that patients in the high-risk score group had poorer overall survival (OS). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve validated its good performance in survival prediction in TCGA AML cohort, and the area under the curve value was 0.817. Moreover, our signature could independently predict OS. A nomogram was constructed, including the six-gene signature and other clinical parameters, and predictive efficiency was confirmed using the ROC curve and calibration curve. Furthermore, gene set enrichment analyses identified several tumor-associated pathways that may contribute to explain the potential molecular mechanisms of our signature. Overall, we developed a new autophagy-associated gene signature and nomogram to predict OS of AML patients, which may help in clinical decision-making for AML treatment.

The concrete is weakly alkaline, the alkalinity of the concrete will be reduced after being carbonized, and the protective effect of the concrete on the steel bar will be weakened, even leading to corrosion of the steel bar. In this paper, fly ash is used to replace cement in the same amount, and basalt fiber and polypropylene fiber are added in a certain amount to make hybrid fiber fly ash concrete. Through rapid carbonation test, the influence of carbonation time and fly ash content on carbonation performance of hybrid fiber fly ash concrete is studied. The curve is fitted according to a single factor carbonation model with fly ash content as the main parameter, and the fitting curve and prediction formula are obtained. The results show that, in the same carbonization time, compared with the concrete without fly ash, the concrete with fly ash content of 5%, 10%, 20%, and 30% has average carbonization depth promotion rates of 6.4%, 14.9%, 59.8%, and 73.5%. When the fly ash content varies in the range of 10%∼20%, the carbonation resistance of hybrid fiber concrete changes most sensitively. At the same fly ash content, with the increase of carbonization time, the carbonization depth of concrete increases by 41.7%∼62.3%; Through the verification of the fitting curve and fitting formula obtained after fitting, it is concluded that the error of the prediction formula of carbonation depth of hybrid fiber fly ash concrete is within 9.1%, and the error of carbonation depth of 14 d and 28 d is within 4.3%. Replacing cement with fly ash has certain engineering significance and can achieve the purpose of recycling waste materials.

AIM: To evaluate the effects of visual perceptual learning on visual representation and binocular vision function of children with amblyopia. METHODS: A total of 94 cases(94 eyes)children with amblyopia admitted to the ophthalmology clinic of our hospital from January 2014 to December 2015 were selected for the study and were grouped according to the degrees of amblyopia, and they were given visual perceptual learning for 3mo. The clinical efficacy and perceptual level of eye position and poor visual acuity before and after treatment were compared among groups, and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the relationship between difference of poor visual acuity and difference of perceptual eye position before and after treatment in children with amblyopia. RESULTS: The total clinical effective rate of children with mild amblyopia was higher than that of children with moderate or severe amblyopia(PP>0.05). The perception level of eye position after treatment of children with amblyopia was significantly lower than that before treatment(PPPPPPr=0.371, PCONCLUSION: Visual perceptual learning can effectively improve the visual representation and binocular vision function of children with amblyopia, and it is suitable for the clinical treatment of children with amblyopia.

To expand the application of the principle of selective adsorption, new hierarchical porous carbon was fabricated from cigarette filters and cheap metal salts via one-pot synthesis, in order to selectively capture the tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA) in solution. The type and amount of metal salt in the carbon precursor took charged of pore texture, electrical property and morphology, forming a new sorbent beyond activated carbon and zeolite in the selective liquid adsorption of TSNA. With the amount of FexO-doped of 10%–16.5%, new carbon sorbent captured the 29.4%–33.8% of TSNA in the tobacco extract solution though the solution contained thousands of components. Moreover, it exhibited a zeolite-like selectivity to remove 93% of 4-methylnitrosamino-1-3-pyridyl-1-butanone (NNK). The hierarchical sorbents combined the high adsorption capability of mesopore and the shape-selectivity of micropore, based on waste utilization and simply controllable process, offering a clue for preparation of new hierarchical material and resource regeneration and environmental protection.

The thermal regeneration of zeolite Hβ adsorbed tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNA) along with the impact of zeolitic pore size on the liquid adsorption of TSNA were investigated in this article for the first time. After calcination at 873 K, the regenerated Hβ zeolite exhibited a kind of self-activation to trap more TSNA in succeeding adsorption in tobacco solution, achieving the high capacity of 225 μg g−1. With the assistance of TG-MS technique, it was clear that no secondary pollution of volatile nitrosamines (VNA) occurred in the regeneration of Hβ zeolite. In order to seek cheap TSNA-capturer, three zeolites with different pore structures, Hβ, MCM-22 and NTY (the dealuminated NaY) zeolites were assessed in the TSNA adsorption in laboratory formulated surface water and tobacco solution to examine the influence of pore size. MCM-22 was the excellent selective sorbent of 4-methylnitrosamino-1-3-pyridyl-1-butanone (NNK), but its channels were easily clogged in tobacco solution. Zeolite Hβ showed a prominent TSNA adsorption in both solutions due to its pore size of 0.6–0.7 nm. The cheap zeolite NTY with the pore size of 0.74 nm exhibited a high adsorption capability of TSNA similar to Hβ in tobacco solution, making it a promising replacement for industrial applications.

To investigate the feasibility and accuracy of robot-assisted brachytherapy for skull base tumours.A custom robot system was tested on both phantom and cadaveric specimen. Cone beam CT (CBCT) images were transferred to the graphical user interface (GUI) for planning trajectories and the data were sent to the robot control unit. Following registration, the puncture needle was inserted into the target by the robot under navigation guidance, and seeds were implanted. Placement error was instantly displayed on the GUI; the result was verified after postoperative image scanning.A total of 150 seeds (100 for phantom experiments, 50 for cadaveric studies) were deposited by the robot system. In phantom experiments the mean placement error was 0.57 ± 0.21 mm (measured by the navigation system) vs. 1.41 ± 0.38 mm (measured by image fusion) (p 0.001); in cadaveric studies the corresponding figures were 0.60 ± 0.30 mm vs. 2.48 ± 0.32 mm (p 0.001). There was no significant difference for comparison of accuracy test in phantom experiments (p = 0.173) as well as in cadaveric studies (p = 0.354). Accuracy was better in the phantom experiment than in cadaveric studies (p 0.001).The performance of robot-assisted skull base brachytherapy is feasible and accurate. Dosimetric coverage will need to be demonstrated in further studies.

The low Mg 2p value (47.0 eV) of MgO reported in Res Chem Intermed 44(2018)829 is carefully analyzed and discussed based on a series of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) experiments and literature results. Presence of carbon or ferric oxide did not change the binding energy (BE) of Mg 2p of MgO, and the Mg 2p peak of MgO should be above 49.0 eV instead of at 47.0 eV.

To design new mesoporous sucker-type selective sorbent for controlling environmental carcinogens like tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNA), polyaniline (PANI) was controlled carefully to grow at different sites such as near the pore opening, in the channel or on the outside of SBA-15 by in one-pot synthetic and post-synthetic methods. The influences of aniline additional order, aniline to organosilicone ratio and with or without template are investigated in order to obtain the optimal growth position of PANI. Different location of PANI on SBA-15 was confirmed by TEM, N2 adsorption-desorption characterization and zeta potential measurement. PANI grows preferentially in the channel and then near the pore orifice when proper amount aniline is added previous to silicon source. If aniline is added later after the silicon source, PANI will grow mainly on the outside surface of SBA-15. The location of PANI is in the pore entrances once the aniline is put into the solution after template is removed. Resulting composites realize different selectivity for TSNA and tobacco alkaloids. 1P-S15 production possesses a best TSNA adsorptive capacity (23.2%), higher than commercial activated carbon (15.5%). FTIR spectrum of TSNA in 1P-S15 and quantum calculations demonstrated that the adsorption of TSNA is controlled by hydrogen bonding.

Objective. We aimed to investigate the protective effect of s-nitrosoglutathione (SNG) pretreatment on acute kidney injury (AKI) in septic rats. Methods. We constructed a rat model of sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture and observed the survival of the rats. We obtained kidney and blood samples from rats, observed the pathological damage to the kidney tissues, and evaluated kidney function and the expression levels of inflammatory factors. We also detected the expression of induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the kidneys by immunohistochemistry and evaluated the apoptosis of kidney tubular epithelial cells (KTEC) by TUNEL. Results. Pretreatment with SNG significantly reduced the mortality of septic rats, attenuated kidney pathological damage, and decreased the levels of serum creatinine, plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and plasma kidney injury molecule-1. Moreover, SNG pretreatment decreased the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in serum and kidney and reduced the expressions of NO, iNOS, PGE2, and COX-2 in the kidneys. Furthermore, pretreatment with SNG significantly reduced the apoptotic rate of KTEC and decreased the levels of caspase-3 and Bax mRNA, but increased the level of Bcl-2 mRNA. Conclusion. Pretreatment with SNG has a protective effect on AKI in septic rats, and the specific mechanisms are related to inhibition of inflammation, oxidation, and apoptosis.

Increasing evidence have demonstrated that dysregulated alternative splicing (AS) events promoted tumor development and was correlated with worse prognosis in the context of certain malignancies. Nevertheless, a comprehensive examination of the prognosis role of AS events in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has not yet been illuminated. In this study, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to identify survival-related AS events and independent prognostic predictors. The interaction between splicing factors (SFs) and AS events was visualized by Cytoscape. A total of 3013 survival-associated AS events in 1977 genes were screened in 151 AML patients. Interestingly, the majority (2031 events) were revealed to be protective factors. Furthermore, the prediction models were constructed for each type of AS and all of them displayed good performance in predicting prognosis, considering their area under curve values of the receiver operating characteristic were all above 0.7. Notably, the splicing regulatory network displayed the underlying interaction networks between SFs and AS events. Taken together, our study demonstrated the survival-related AS events in AML and uncovered the possible association between SFs and prognostic AS events, which provide new prognostic biomarkers and aid to develop novel targets for AML therapy.

In this paper, a method based on virtual devices for testing and managing security stability control systems through intelligent IoT is studied. With the aid of the cloud computing intelligent IoT platform, stability control virtual devices are built on the basis of stability control devices in each substation through virtual technology, consisting a complete security stability control virtual system, to carry out management on operating and maintaining of the security stability control system. Through the virtual test of the stability control virtual devices, the large and complex stability control system strategy of the power grid can be effectively, reliably, complete, and efficiently joint commissioned without dropping out the actual devices in the security stability control virtual system. Furthermore, remote testing of security stability control systems can also be enabled by inputting test commands to different security stability control devices through virtual devices synchronously.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can affect the haematopoietic system. Thrombocytopenia at admission was prevalent, while late-phase or delayed-phase thrombocytopenia (occurred 14 days after symptom onset) is rare. This retrospective, single-centre study screened 450 COVID-19 patients and enrolled 271 patients at the Union Hospital, Wuhan, China, from January 25 to March 9, 2020. COVID-19-associated delayed-phase thrombocytopenia occurred in 11·8% of enrolling patients. The delayed-phase thrombocytopenia in COVID-19 is prone to develop in elderly patients or patients with low lymphocyte count on admission. The delayed-phase thrombocytopenia is significantly associated with increased length of hospital stay and higher mortality rate. Delayed-phase nadir platelet counts demonstrated a significantly negative correlation with B cell percentages. We also provided and described bone marrow aspiration pathology of three patients with delayed-phase thrombocytopenia, showing impaired maturation of megakaryocytes. We speculated that immune-mediated platelet destruction might account for the delayed-phase thrombocytopenia in a group of patients. In addition, clinicians need to pay attention to the delayed-phase thrombocytopenia especially at 3-4 weeks after symptom onset.

The pandemic COVID-19 pneumonia has engulfed the entire world. Hematopoietic system can also be affected by COVID-19. Thrombocytopenia at admission was prevalent, while late-phase or delayed-phase thrombocytopenia is obscure. This retrospective single-center case series analyzed patients with COVID-19 at the Union Hospital, Wuhan, China, from January 25th to March 9th, 2020. Analysis began on March 11th, 2020. COVID-19 associated delayed-phase thrombocytopenia was occurred in 11.8% percent of enrolled patients. The delayed-phase thrombocytopenia in COVID-19 is prone to develop in elderly patients or patients with low lymphocyte count on admission. The delayed-phase thrombocytopenia is significantly associated with increased length of hospital stay and higher ICU admission rate. Delayed-phase nadir platelet counts demonstrated a high and significantly negative linear correlation with B cell percentages and serum IL-6 levels. We also presented bone marrow aspiration pathology of three patients with delayed-phase thrombocytopenia, showing impaired maturation of megakaryocytes. We speculated that the delayed-phase platelet destruction might be mediated by antibodies, and suggest immunoregulatory treatment in severe patients to improve outcomes. Besides, clinicians need to pay attention to the delayed-phase thrombocytopenia especially at 3-4 weeks after symptom onset.

The sustained release of heparin in sufficient amounts and over long time is a challenge to drive the development of functional materials. In this paper SBA-15 mesoporous silica is selected in the search for a favorable morphology and optimized surface state for the sustained release of heparin. In situ carbonization of the template in the as-synthesized sample enables SBA-15 to possess narrowed channels with rougher surfaces, while modification with (aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) through a one-pot synthesis offers SBA-15 with positive charges to attract heparin through electro-static interactions. The structure of modified SBA-15 samples is assessed with XRD (powder X-ray diffraction analysis), nitrogen adsorption–desorption and electron microscopy techniques, and their performance is evaluated in adsorption and release of heparin. These modifications improve the heparin adsorption in SBA-15 and thus promote its sustained release, prolonging the release-equilibrium time up to 60 days. Among them, the SBA-15 sample modified with APTES can trap three times as much heparin as the parent SBA-15, and the release ratio is elevated to 80% (that of SBA-15 is 38%), realizing the best performance of controlling heparin release to date.

Skull base surgery is an interdisciplinary subject. The anatomical structures in the skull base related to oral and maxillofacial surgery include the parapharyngeal space, the pterygopalatine fossa and the infratemporal space. This operative area is one of the most challenging surgical areas in oral and maxillofacial surgery due to its deep site, complex anatomy and high risk. Obtaining pathological information of the tumour preoperatively may help surgeons optimise their treatment plan. Needle biopsy is one of the major minimally invasive techniques that allows preoperative pathological results to be obtained. The navigation technology, which is developing rapidly nowadays, provides a reliable assistance for deep tissue biopsy surgery. Experts from the Society of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chinese Stomatological Association formulated an expert consensus on the procedures and operations of navigation-guided needle biopsy techniques for skull base tumours, so as to standardise and promote the application and operation of navigation-guided needle biopsy for skull base tumours.

New shape-selectivity of graphene-based materials was discovered on this article. To explore the new selectivity, the structure and surface state of graphene and carbon nanotube were examined firstly, and their specific selectivity was verified and was compared with that of ZSM-5 zeolite in aqueous solutions of tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNA) along with dyes. These two adsorbents trapped about 55% and 70% of 4-methylnitrosamino-1-3-pyridyl-1-butanone (NNK) but only 3% of N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) in solution, having an obvious selectivity for the former, due to its stronger interaction with graphene. NNK on graphene sheet obtained more electrons (0.015 e) and owned larger adsorption energy (15.63 kcal mol-1) than that of NNN (0.003 e, 9.19 kcal mol-1), according to theoretical calculation and FTIR results. More 95 or 136 mg g -1 acid red 88 than methyl orange was captured by graphene or carbon nanotube, demonstrating this special and abnormal selectivity again. With new selectivity, graphene showed a higher capacity (6.9%) and shorter adorption equilibrium time (5 min) for TSNA than the typical selecive sorbent ZSM-5 zeolite (1.7% and 20 min) in tobacco solution but kept the similar selctivity to NNK, paving a new way to control the carcinogens like TSNA in environment.

This paper reported the attempt of endowing activated carbon the capability of selectively adsorption like that of zeolite for the first time. To create the optimal microenvironment in the activated carbon made from coconut shell, the sorbent was carefully modified with moderate ferric acetate through impregnation followed by carbonization, producing lots of ferric oxide extra-fine particles mingled with carbon nanoparticles to reduce the pore size of activated carbon and to increase the surface roughness of pore wall. Consequently, new activated carbon sorbent trapped 60% of tobacco specific nitrosamines in the tobacco extract solution with the concentration of 1796 ng mL−1, exhibiting the highest capacity (222 µg g−1) to date. Moreover, it showed a zeolite-like selectivity in the liquid adsorption to capture 98.5% of 4-methylnitrosamino-1-3-pyridyl-1-butanone because of the spindly shape of this strong carcinogen. Besides, distinguishable adsorption of tobacco specific nitrosamines from alkaloid by the new activated carbon sorbent in solution was discovered, providing a valuable clue for the development of new selective sorbents in environment protection.