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Nanomaterials have achieved several breakthroughs in the capture of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) over the past decades. However, artificial fabrication of label‐free nanomaterials used for high‐efficiency CTC capture is still a challenge. Through billions of years of evolution and natural selection, various complicated and precise hierarchical structures are developed. Here, a novel fish trap‐like "nanocage" structure derived from the natural Chrysanthemum pollen is reported and a nanocage‐featured film for the label‐free capture of CTCs and CTC clusters is constructed. The nanocage‐featured film effectively captures 92% rare cancer cells with a broad spectrum of cancer types, due to the synergistic effect of nanocage‐CTC filopodia matching, high contact area, and strong adhesion force between the cancer cells and the nanocage. Furthermore, the nanocage‐featured film successfully detects CTCs and CTC clusters in 2 or 4 mL blood taken from 21 cancer patients (stages I–IV) suffering from various types of cancers. This novel, abundant, and economical fish trap‐like "nanocage" may provide new perspectives for the application of natural nanomaterials in clinical CTC capture and analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural pollen, one of the most fascinating biological materials in existence, exhibits chemical modifications and tunable optical property in the process of fossilization. Herein, we firstly fabricated nature-based fossil-like pollen grains (F-PGs) with UV-responsive optical properties through a facile concentrated H 2 SO 4 treatment. The F-PGs featured incomplete carbonization property while remaining the UV-active alkyl aliphatic groups, which could initiate the carbonylation of F-PGs surface under UV irradiation, thus endowing the distinct UV dose-dependent photochromic and fluorogenic dual-function of F-PGs. With the sustainable, easy-preparation and cost-effective advantages, the F-PGs were used to construct dual-functional films. The F-PG films presented high photochromic contrast (ΔE* = 32) to serve as smartphone-readable quick response code-patterned UV sensors, which indicated the highest reported cumulative dose of UV irradiation (108 J cm−2, equivalent to 10 days of exposure to sunlight). In addition, the UV-irradiated F-PG films with the fluorogenic property also showed wide applications in one-step and flexible photo-reduction of various metal ions to nanoparticles. Collectively, the novel fossil-like pollen grains and functional films pave the way for utilization of natural pollen for UV-responsive applications and provide a new insight for transporting the renewable biomass into photochromic and fluorogenic materials in the future. [Display omitted] • UV-responsive photochromic and fluorogenic F-PGs derived from natural pollen were fabricated via H 2 SO 4 treatment. • The surface carbonylation leaded to the UV-responsive optical properties of F-PGs. • F-PG film presented high photochromic contrast to provide smartphone-readable quick response code-patterned UV sensors. • F-PGs constructed UV sensors indicated the highest reported cumulative dose of UV exposure. • Fluorogenic UV-F-PG film showed applications in flexible photo-reduction of various metal ions to nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to examine co‐occurrence patterns of depression and anxiety among Chinese adolescents and their associations with various forms of peer victimization. We collected longitudinal data from 1005 middle school students using the Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory. Then we conducted latent profile analysis, latent transition analysis, and logistic regression analysis. The results reveal the presence of three depression‐anxiety profiles among participants: low depression‐anxiety group, moderate depression‐anxiety group, and high depression‐anxiety group. As verbal and relational victimization increase, adolescents are more likely to transition to a higher level of depression‐anxiety profile. However, an increase in physical and property victimization predicts a transition to a lower level of depression‐anxiety profile. The diverse effects resulting from different forms of victimization exhibit gender differences. For boys, an increase in relational victimization made participants in the moderate depression‐anxiety group more likely to transition to the high depression‐anxiety group, whereas this effect was not significant among girls. This study is theoretically significant for understanding the link between depression, anxiety, and their influencing factors. It suggests that educators, while addressing verbal and relational harm in adolescents, should reconsider the potential impact of physical and property harm. Opportunities to transform negative events into positive ones should be explored. Educators should tailor their focus based on gender, with a particular emphasis on addressing relational harm among male students. This underscores the need for differentiated approaches to effectively support students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simulated annealing algorithm is adopted to design multiple-pump Raman fiber amplifiers. A demonstration of the optical fiber Raman amplifier using five laser diode pumps with different wavelengths and powers is presented. The automatic configuration of the pump gives an amplification bandwidth of more than 50 nm (64 signal channels), with a fluctuation of less than 1.8 dB. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 30: 434–436, 2001. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Complex nonlinear interaction between pumps and signals of distributed optical Raman amplifiers employing wavelength-division-multiplexed pumps makes the readjustment of the pump powers difficult. In this paper, a novel method of fast pump power adjustment is proposed. Theoretical analysis and related expressions are presented. Simulation results show that satisfying gain profile can be obtained within a few seconds on a commercial personal computer (Intel Pentium 4 or compatible). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]