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Two unusual novel iridoid glycosides, cornsecoside A (

The air-dried aerial part of Epilobium angustifolium is a very popular recreational tea in the Eastern edge of Europe. Studies have found that the extract of E. angustifolium has strong anti-inflammatory effects, and the oenothein B contained therein is speculated the main anti-inflammatory component. In this study, a fraction without oenothein B from the ethanol extract of E. angustifolium exhibited a much stronger anti-inflammatory activity than that of the oenothein B. Guided by rapid characterization of the chemical compositions based on UPLC–Orbitrap–MS/MS, a total of 39 compounds, including 20 flavonoids and 19 other phenolic acids were identified in the active fraction, based on the accurate mass within 3 ppm error. Further investigation resulted in the isolation and identification of 10 compounds, one of which was a new compound, and four known compounds were identified in E. angustifolium for the first time. All isolated compounds exhibited significant inhibitory activity on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 cells. This study indicated that the anti-inflammatory active ingredients in E. angustifolium were mainly concentrated in the 30% ethanol eluted fraction obtained over macroporous adsorption resin. In addition to the oenothein B, there are a large number of other more effective anti-inflammatory components in E. angustifolium.

Lateral–directional stability is a critical issue for the design of any kind of aircraft. For the hypersonic waverider, the nonaxisymmetric, flat, and slender geometric feature makes it susceptible...

Five new secoiridoid glycosides, cornusphenosides E-I (

Two new dimeric and trimeric sesquiterpene lactones (

Two new dimeric and trimeric sesquiterpene lactones (1–2), and nine known sesquiterpene lactones (3–11) were isolated from the EtOAc phase of the ethanolic extract of Ainsliaea yunnanensis. Their structures were identified by NMR, IR and HR-ESIMS spectroscopic methods, and compound 1 was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction experiment. All the compounds were tested for their cytotoxic, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory activities. Compounds 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 showed very significant selective cytotoxic activities on MDA-MB-468, PANC-1, HEPG2 or A549 cells. Compounds 6 and 11 showed very significant inhibiting effect on Epicoccum sp. (CPCC 400307), Fusarium solani (CPCC 800013) or Bacillus subtilis. Meanwhile, compounds 6 and 7 can inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome’s activation at the concentration of 10 μM.

Searching for PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor from medicinal plants has become a potential method to discover small molecular cancer immunotherapy drugs. Using PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitory activity assay

Inspired by recent developments in the study of chaos in many-body systems, we construct a measure of local information spreading for a stochastic Cellular Automaton in the form of a spatiotemporally resolved Hamming distance. This decorrelator is a classical version of an Out-of-Time-Order Correlator studied in the context of quantum many-body systems. Focusing on the one-dimensional Kauffman Cellular Automaton, we extract the scaling form of our decorrelator with an associated butterfly velocity $v_b$ and a velocity-dependent Lyapunov exponent $\lambda(v)$. The existence of the latter is not a given in a discrete classical system. Second, we account for the behaviour of the decorrelator in a framework based solely on the boundary of the information spreading, including an effective boundary random walk model yielding the full functional form of the decorrelator. In particular, we obtain analytic results for $v_b$ and the exponent $\beta$ in the scaling ansatz $\lambda(v) \sim \mu (v - v_b)^\beta$, which is usually only obtained numerically. Finally, a full scaling collapse establishes the decorrelator as a unifying diagnostic of information spreading., Comment: 5+1 pages, 4 figures

Guided by TNF-α secretion inhibitory activity assay, four taraxastane-type triterpenoids, including two new ones, 22-oxo-20-taraxasten-3β, 30-diol (1) and 22α-hydroxy-20-taraxasten-30β, 30-triol (2), have been obtained from an active fraction of the petroleum ether-soluble extract of the the medicinal and edible plant Cirsium setosum. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data and CD data analysis. In the TNF-α secretion inhibitory activity assay, compounds 1 and 2 were active with the IC50 of 2.6 and 3.8 μmol·L-1, respectively. In addition, compounds 1 and 2 showed moderately selective cytotoxicity against the human ovarian cancer (A2780) and colon cancer (HCT-8) cell lines.

Five norursane-type triterpenoids, including three novel of 3β-28-norursa-12,17,19,21-tetraene-3-ol (1), 3β-28-norursa-12,20(30)-dien-3-ol (2) and 3β-28-norursa-12,16,20(30)-triene-3-ol (3), as well as two known 3β-28-norursa-17,19,21-trien-3-ol (4) and 3β-28-norursa-12-ene-3-ol (5) were isolated from the ethyl acetate dissolved fraction of the ethanol extract from Rosmarinus officinalis. Their structures were elucidated by HR-ESI-MS, IR, 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1–5 exhibited significant inhibitory effect on NO production in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells, and compounds 2, 3 and 5 shown better anti-inflammatory activity.

Gymnadenia conopsea R. Br. is a traditional Tibetan medicinal plant that grows at altitudes above 3000 m, which is used to treat neurasthenia, asthma, coughs, and chronic hepatitis. However, a comprehensive configuration of the chemical profile of this plant has not been reported because of the complexity of its chemical constituents. In this study, a rapid and precise method based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) combined with an Orbitrap mass spectrometer (UPLC&ndash, Orbitrap&ndash, MS/MS) was established in both positive- and negative-ion modes to rapidly identify various chemical components in the tubers of G. conopsea for the first time. Finally, a total of 91 compounds, including 17 succinic acid ester glycosides, 9 stilbenes, 6 phenanthrenes, 19 alkaloids, 11 terpenoids and steroids, 20 phenolic acid derivatives, and 9 others, were identified in the tubers of G. conopsea based on the accurate mass within 3 ppm error. Furthermore, many alkaloids, phenolic acid derivates, and terpenes were reported from G. conopsea for the first time. This rapid method provides an important scientific basis for further study on the cultivation, clinical application, and functional food of G. conopsea.

Five new secoiridoid glycosides, cornusphenosides E-I (1–5), were isolated and characterized from an active fraction of ethanol extract of the fruits of Cornus officinalis. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic data analysis, including 2 D NMR and HRESIMS experiments. In the preliminary assay, compound 5 (when evaluated at 10 μM) showed the neuroprotective effect against H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y cell damage.

Searching for PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor from medicinal plants has become a potential method to discover small molecular cancer immunotherapy drugs. Using PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitory activity assay in vitro, a bioactive fraction was obtained from the ethanol extract of Gymnadenia conopsea. A sensitive UPLC-HRMS/MS method was established for the rapid screening and identification of compositions from bioactive fraction. Based on the characteristic fragmentation patterns of standards analysis and extracted ion chromatogram (EIC) method, 46 compounds were rapidly screened and identified (including 35 succinic acid ester glycosides and 11 other compounds), among which 17 compounds were tentatively identified as new compounds.

Sparassis crispa is a kind of edible fungus widely grows in the north temperate zone, which shows various medicinal properties. Due to the complexity of chemical constitutes of this species, few investigations have acquired a comprehensive configuration for the chemical profile of it. In this study, a strategy based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) combined with Orbitrap mass spectrometer (MS) was established for rapidly characterizing various chemical components in S. crispa. Through the summarized MS/MS fragmentation patterns of reference compounds and systematic identification strategy, a total of 110 components attributed to six categories were identified for the first time. Moreover, allergic rhinitis (AR) is a worldwide inflammatory disease seriously affecting human health, and the development of drugs to treat AR has been a topic of interest. It has been reported that the extracts of S. crispa showed obvious inhibitory effects on degranulation of mast cell- and allergen-induced IgE and proinflammatory mediators, but the active components and specific mechanism were still not clear. Src family kinases (SFKs) participate in the initial stage of allergy occurrence, which are considered the targets of AR treatment. Herein, on the basis of that self-built chemical database, virtual screening was applied to predict the potential SFKs inhibitors in S. crispa, using known crystal structures of Hck, Lyn, Fyn, and Syk as receptors, followed by the anti-inflammatory activity evaluation for screened hits by intracellular calcium mobilization assay. As results, sparoside A was directly confirmed to have strong anti-inflammatory activity with an IC50 value of 5.06 &plusmn, 0.60 &mu, M. This study provides a useful elucidation for the chemical composition of S. crispa, and demonstrated its potential inhibitory effects on AR, which could promote the research and development of effective agents from natural resources.

Using a cell-based cytotoxicity assay, two new polyhydroxylated sterols, 16(S),22(S)-epoxy-3β,5α,6β,20(R),23(R),25-hexahydroxy-7-ergostene and 3β,7β,8α,25-tetrahydroxy-5,22E-ergostadiene were isolated from the ethyl acetate portion of the ethanolic extract of Monascus purpureus. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and in comparison with those reported in the literature. Both compounds showed cytotoxic activity against the lung adenocarcinoma (A549) with IC50 values of 12.6 and 18.5 μM, exhibited moderate activities against human ovarian cancer (A2780), with IC50 values of 8.8 and 9.4 μM.

Three previously undescribed iridoids, cornusfurals A&ndash, C, were isolated from the ethanolic extracts of fruits of Cornus officinalis. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including one-dimensional and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, ultraviolet spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. The neuroprotective activity was evaluated by measuring corticosterone-induced damage in PC12 cells. The results showed that cornusfural B decreased corticosterone-induced PC12 cell damage compared with that in model cells.

Four new iridoid glycosides named cornusphenosides A–D (1–4) were isolated from an ethanol extract of the fruits of Cornus officinalis (shan zhu yu). The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data (UV, IR, HRESIMS, and 1D and 2D NMR) and chemical evidence. The neuroprotective effects of compounds 1–4 were also assessed in vitro.

To improve the tribological properties, it is important to reduce the growth defects in PVD hard coatings. CrAlN coating was deposited on the substrate of a hard metal by pulsed filtered vacuum cathode arc deposition assisted with plasma (PFVCADP). The surface morphology of the original coating was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). SEM images of the coating surfaces showed that the surface growth defects in the CrAlN coating were reduced markedly. The coating was eroded by solid angular SiC particles. The analysis of the morphologies of the surface and cross section of the eroded coatings proved that the coating material was removed by brittle fatigue fracture of the coating material. The erosion wear of the coating behaved as brittle materials. The fragments were so fine that the eroded surface became smoother with the increase of the impacts from the particles and the particles impingements played a role of polishing to the coating surface.

To prepare all components loaded liquid preparation of Forsythia suspensa( ACLL) by the technology of nanomicellar solubilization,and to investigate the effects of Forsythia suspensa volatile oil loaded nanomicellar on the transdermal and transmucosal drug delivery of phillyrin.The volatile oil and hydrosoluble components of Forsythia suspensa were obtained by double extraction synchronously,and the major components of volatile oil were determined by GC-MS. Then the ACLL prepared by the volatile oil was added to the aqueous solution in the form of nanomicellar. The characteristics of ACLL were evaluated by the TEM,PCS and CLSM. The amount of phillyrin( PN) was determined by HPLC system. The side-by-side diffusion cell was used to investigate the effects of Forsythia suspense volatile oil loaded nanomicellar on the PN transdermal and transmucosal drug delivery, with the hydrosoluble components loaded liquid( HCLL) used as control group.The Forsythia suspense volatile oil was slight yellowish and transparent liquid with a fragrant odor,the major components as follows β-pinene( 49. 01%),α-pinene( 15. 78%), β-ocimene( 13. 79%),linalool( 5. 91%), α-thujene( 2. 07%), β-geranene( 1. 91%),terpinolene( 1. 84%),etc. The Forsythia suspense volatile oil loaded nanomicellar had a closed spherical shape as the TEM and CLSM images appeared. The calculated mean size was 193. 3 nm,the Zeta potential values of- 83. 8 m V. During the whole experiment, the ACLL resulted in a remarkable enhancement of PN transdermal and transmucosal absorption compared with HCLL. At 7. 0 h, the accumulated permeation amount of PN from the ACLL was 2. 04 and 1. 16 folds than that of HCLL for transdermal and transmucosal absorption,respectively.The permeability of PN is obviously enhanced by Forsythia suspense volatile oil loaded nanomicellar for transdermal and transmucosal absorption, these results elucidate the advantages and the mechanism of pharmacological action of all components of traditional Chinese medicine.

Background Penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) is a new anticholinergic drug, which has been shown to have a good curative effect for sepsis. Beta arrestins have been demonstrated to play important roles in sepsis. This study is to investigate the effects of PHC on pulmonary microvascular permeability and on expressions of beta arrestins in lung injury induced by the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) procedure. Materials and methods Thirty healthy female mice were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10 each): sham operation group (control group), CLP group (CLP group), and PHC 0.45 mg/kg group (PHC group). In the PHC group, mice were given an intraperitoneal injection of PHC 0.45 mg/kg 1 h before surgery. Mice in the other two groups received an intraperitoneal injection of the same volume of normal saline. At 12 h after surgery, serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were collected to examine lung permeability index. The lung tissue samples were collected to examine expressions of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cadherin), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), myeloperoxidase (MPO), NF-κB, and beta arrestins. Results Compared with the control group, pulmonary microvascular permeability, MPO activity, NF-κB, VCAM-1, and MLCK expressions were significantly increased, whereas VE-cadherin and beta-arrestin protein expressions were obviously decreased in CLP group. Furthermore, compared with the CLP group, PHC group markedly decreased pulmonary microvascular permeability, MPO activity, NF-κB, VCAM-1, and MLCK expressions, and increased expressions of VE-cadherin and beta arrestins. Conclusions This study suggests that in the CLP-induced lung injury model, PHC could reduce pulmonary microvascular permeability by upregulating expressions of beta arrestins.

Four new monacolin analogs, monacolin T (1), monacolin U (2) 6a-O-methyl-4,6-dihydromonacolin L (3), and 6a-O-ethyl-4,6-dihydromonacolin L (4) were isolated from the ethanolic extract of Monascus purpureus-fermented rice. Their structures were determined by a combination of 1D, 2D NMR experiments (1H-1HCOSY, HSQC, HMBC, and ROESY), and mass spectrometry. In vitro cytotoxic assay, all compounds were inactive at the concentration of 10 µM.

We report a phosphine-free one-pot method to synthesize ZnSe/CdS/ZnS core-shell quantum dots (QDs) with composite type-II/type-I structures and consequent reabsorption suppression properties. The as-synthesized QDs possess high efficient red emission (with quantum yield of 82%) and high optical stability. Compared to type-I QDs, the ZnSe/CdS/ZnS QDs show larger Stokes shift and lower reabsorption which can reduce the emission loss and improve the level of fluorescence output. The ZnSe/CdS/ZnS QDs are used as fluorescent labels to exploit their application in fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay (FLISA) for the first time in the detection of C-reactive protein (CRP) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.85 ng/mL, which is more sensitive than that of CdSe/ZnS type-I QDs based FLISA (1.00 ng/mL). The results indicate that the ZnSe/CdS/ZnS type-II/type-I QDs may be good candidates for applications in biomedical information detection. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s11671-017-2135-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

α-Tocospiro C ( 1 ), the first example of nor-α-tocopheroid possessing unusual 7,8-dimethyl-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-7-ene-6,9-dione carbon skeleton, was isolated and characterized from Cirsium setosum . Its structure and absolute configuration were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods, especially 2D NMR and ECD data analysis. The biosynthetic pathway was postulated. α-Tocospiro C ( 1 ) exhibited significant selective cytotoxic activities against human colon cancer (HCT8) cells, with IC 50 values of 0.03 μM.

Cirsium setosum (C. setosum) has a potential antihyperglycemic effect, but it is unclear what bioactive components play a key role. According to the &alpha, glucosidase inhibition activity, three new taraxastane-type triterpenoids of 3&beta, hydroxy-30-hydroperoxy-20-taraxastene (1), 3&beta, hydroxy-22&alpha, methoxy-20-taraxastene (2), and 30-nor-3&beta, 22&alpha, dihydroxy-20-taraxastene (3), as well as five known taraxastane triterpenoids of 3&beta, 22-dihydroxy-20-taraxastene (4), 20-taraxastene-3,22-dione (5), 3&beta, acetoxy-20-taraxasten-22-one (6), 3&beta, hydroxy-20-taraxasten-22-one (7), and 30-nor-3&beta, hydroxy-20-taraxastene (8) were obtained from the petroleum ether-soluble portion of the ethanol extract from C. setosum. All chemical structures of the compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis and compared with literature data. Compounds 4&ndash, 8 were identified for the first time from this plant, and compounds 1, 2, 4, and 7 exhibited more potent &alpha, glucosidase inhibitory activity&mdash, with IC50 values of 18.34 &plusmn, 1.27, 26.98 &plusmn, 0.89, 17.49 &plusmn, 1.42, and 22.67 &plusmn, 0.25 &mu, M, respectively&mdash, than acarbose did (positive control, IC50 42.52 &plusmn, 0.32 &mu, M).

Four new sesquiterpenoids (1&ndash, 4) and six known sesquiterpenoids (5&ndash, 10), were isolated from the EtOAc phase of the ethanolic extract of Ainsliaea yunnanensis. Their structures were established by spectroscopic methods, including 1-D, 2-D NMR and HPLC-MS. All compounds were tested for their anti-inflammatory effect by the inhibition of the activity of NLRP3 inflammasome by blocking the self-slicing of pro-caspase-1, which is induced by nigericin, then the secretion of mature IL-1&beta, mediated by caspase-1, was suppressed. Unfortunately none of the compounds showed an anti-inflammatory effect.

China is one of the largest centers of genetic diversity of Oryza sativa L. and is the original centers of Oryza sativa L. subspecies japonica. Using a genetically representative core collection of 1 442 rice landraces of japonica in China, the genetic structure, differentiation, and geographic diversity were analyzed. The model-based structure analysis on varieties within three ecotypes revealed 16 eco-geographical types, which are partially accorded with some of the ecological zones in China. The differentiation of eco-geographical types contributed to the local ecological adaption and physical isolation, and maybe could be used to develop the heterotic groups of japonica. To facilitate the identification of different ecotypes and eco-geographical types, we provided the SSR character alleles of each ecotype or geographical eco-group and a rapid discriminated method based on these character alleles. Lastly, investigation on genetic diversity, genetic differentiation indicated that southwest region of China, including south of Yunnan Province, northwest of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and southwest of Guizhou Province, possessed the highest genetic diversity and all the necessary conditions as a center of genetic diversity and should be the center of genetic diversity of rice landraces of japonica in China.

One unusual aromatic monacolin analog, aromonacolin A (1), was isolated from the ethanolic extract of Monascus purpureus-fermented rice. Its structure was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic (HRESIMS, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY) and chemical methods. The absolute configuration of the C-6 secondary alcohol was deduced via the circular dichroism data of the in situ formed [Rh(2)(OCOCF(3))(4)] complex.

Grain number per-panicle is one of the most important components for rice yield. Spikelets on the primary and secondary branches determine the grain number per-panicle in rice. In this study, we identified a natural mutant, gnp4, lack of lateral spikelet on the secondary branches in the field condition. In addition, the Gnp4 and Lax1-1 double mutant showed dramatically reduced secondary branches and spikelets in panicle at reproductive stage, and tillers at vegetative stage. By map-based cloning approach, and using four F 2 segregating populations, the Gnp4 gene was finally mapped to a 10.7-kb region on the long arm of chromosome 4 in rice. In this region, only one gene was predicted, and genomic DNA sequencing of the 10.7-kb region showed no nucleotide differences between the mutant and wild type. Interestingly, we found that the methylation level of several cytosines in the promoter CpG islands region of the predicted gene in gnp4 were different from the wild type. Thus, we propose that the DNA methylation changes at these sites may induce to decrease expression level of Gnp4, consequently, resulting in phenotypic variation.

For mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for grain weight (GW) and grain shape in rice ( Oryza sativa L.), a small GW variety, Nipponbare, was crossed with the largest GW line, SLG-1 to construct the mapping populations. In the cross progenies, large GW plants were selected to backcross with Nipponbare for several rounds. In the BC 4 F 1 population, which contained 73 lines, the distribution of GW appeared in 4 peaks. A single plant at each peak was selected to develop a SNIL population. Based on bulked segregant analysis, 19 polymorphic markers associated with GW and grain shape were screened from the 1513 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers covering the 12 chromosomes of rice. Using the 19 SSR markers, QTLs for GW, grain length, seed width, and grain thickness were identified in the 4 SNIL populations independently. A total of 12 QTLs were located in 6 regions on chromosomes 2, 3, 6, and 8, including genes GS3 and GW2 that have been cloned already. These QTLs explained phenotypic variations ranging from 7.22% to 53.38%. Five QTLs between RM6318 and RM1367 on chromosome 2, between RM5477 and RM6417 on chromosome 3, and between RM3370 and RM1161 on chromosome 6 were potential and required fine mapping. Among them, qGL3-1 is a novel locus with contribution on GL as high as 11.41-21.27%. These results and the SNILs constructed provide a basis for the fine mapping and gene cloning of novel locus associated with GW and grain shape in rice.

Four new taraxastane-type triterpenoids acids 3β,22α-dihydroxy-20-taraxasten-30-oic acid (1), 3β-hydroxy-22-oxo-20-taraxasten-30-oic acid (2), 3-oxo-22α-hydroxy-20- taraxasten-30-oic acid (3), and 3β,19β-dihydroxy-20-taraxasten-30-oic acid (4) were isolated and characterized from Cirsium setosum (Willd.) MB. Their structures were determined by the combination of 1D and 2D NMR experiments (1H-1HCOSY, HSQC, HMBC and ROESY) and mass spectrometry. Compound 2 exhibited potent selective cytotoxicity against human ovarian cancer cell line A2780 with an IC50 value of 3.9 μM.

Predicting and modeling of items popularity on web 2.0 have attracted great attention of many scholars. From the perspective of information competition, we propose a probabilistic model using the branching process to characterize the process in which micro-blogging gains its popularity. The model is analytically tractable and can reproduce several characteristics of empirical micro-blogging data on Sina micro-blog, the most popular micro-blogging system in China. We find that the information competition on micro-blog network leads to the decay of information popularity obeying power law distribution with exponent about 1.5, and the value is similar to the exponent of degree distribution of micro-blog network. Furthermore, the mean popularity is decided by the probability of innovating a new message. Our work presents evidence supporting the idea that two distinct factors affect information popularity: information competition and social network structure.

One unusual aromatic monacolin analog, monacophenyl, was isolated from the ethanolic extract of Monascus purpureus-fermented rice. Its structure was completely and unambiguously assigned by one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques (1H NMR, 13C NMR, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY) and high-resolution ESI-MS spectrometry. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The compounds of Ainsliaea yunnanensis were isolated and purified by various kinds of column chromatography methods and their structures were determined by spectroscopic data analysis. Twelve compounds were obtained from the petroleum ether of ethanolic extract of A. yunnanensis and elucidated as bauerenyl acetate (1), bauerenol (2), alpha-amyrin (3), psi-taraxasterol (4), beta-amyrin (5), echinocystic acid (6), multiflorenol (7), 3beta-hydroxy-olean-18-ene germanicol (8), 3beta-hexadecanoyl-12-oleanen-11-one (9), fernenol (10), fern-7-en-3beta-ol (11), and lupeol (12). All compounds were isolated from this genus for the first time except compound 1, 3, 5 and 10, and they were all isolated from this plant for the first time.

To analyze the chemical constituents of low polar components from ethanol extract of Ainsliaea yunnanensis.The air-dried stems and leaves of Ainsliaea yunnanensis were extracted with ethanol using ultrasonic extration. After removal of solvent under reduced pressure, the residue was suspended in H2O, and then partitioned sequentially with petroleum ether, EtOAc and n-BuOH, respectively. Then the petroleum ether fraction was chromatographed on normal phase silica gels eluting with a gradient increasing Me2 CO in petroleum ether. Then the components of low polarity were separated from the petroleum ether-Me2CO(50:1 - 20: 1) fraction and identified by GC-MS, and the relative contents of the components were determined with area percentage method.50 constituents were identified from the low polar components of Ainsliaea yunnanensis.The research provides a theoretical basis for the study of chemical constituents and pharmaceutical activities of Ainsliaea yunnanensis.