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Resumen Introduccion y objetivos La calcificacion grave esta presente en mas del 50% de las oclusiones coronarias cronicas totales (OCT) tratadas mediante intervencion percutanea. Nuestro objetivo fue describir el uso contemporaneo de los dispositivos de modificacion de placa (DMP) en este contexto. Metodos Los pacientes se incluyeron en el Registro Iberico de OCT de forma prospectiva y consecutiva (32 centros de Espana y Portugal), de 2015 a 2020. Se compararon en funcion del uso o no de DMP. Resultados Se incluyo a 2.235 pacientes, en 1.900 de los cuales se logro cruzar con exito la lesion con guia. Se utilizo al menos un DMP en un 7% (134 pacientes) y mas de uno en 24 pacientes (1%). Los DMP seleccionados fueron: aterectomia rotacional (35,1%), litotricia (5,2%), laser (11,2%), balones de corte (27,6%), balones OPN (2,9%) o combinaciones de mas de uno (18%). Se utilizaron DMP en pacientes mas ancianos, con mayor riesgo cardiovascular y puntuaciones Syntax y J-CTO mas elevados. Esta mayor complejidad se asocio con procedimientos mas prolongados, pero similar longitud total de stent (52 frente a 57 mm; p = 0,105). Cuando la guia cruzo con exito la oclusion, la tasa de exito final del procedimiento fue del 87,2%, pero se incremento al 96,3% cuando se utilizaron DMP (p = 0,001). Por el contrario, los DMP no se asociaron con mayor tasa de complicaciones en el procedimiento (3,7 frente a 3,2%; p = 0,615). Pese al peor perfil de riesgo basal, a los 2 anos de seguimiento no hubo diferencias en la tasa de supervivencia (94,3% DPM frente a no-DMP: 94,3% no-DPM, respectivamente, p = 0,967). Conclusiones Cuando la guia cruzo con exito una OCT, la tasa de uso de los DMP fue del 7% y se asocio a una tasa de exito final del procedimiento significativamente mayor. Los resultados a medio plazo fueron comparables cuando se precisaron DMP pese a su mayor riesgo basal, lo que sugiere que un mayor uso adecuado de estas tecnicas en este contexto podria conllevar tanto beneficios tecnicos como pronosticos.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Severe calcification is present in>50% of coronary chronic total occlusions (CTOs) undergoing percutaneous intervention. We aimed to describe the contemporary use and outcomes of plaque modification devices (PMDs) in this context. METHODS: Patients were included in the prospective, consecutive Iberian CTO registry (32 centers in Spain and Portugal), from 2015 to 2020. Comparison was performed according to the use of PMDs. RESULTS: Among 2235 patients, wire crossing was achieved in 1900 patients and PMDs were used in 134 patients (7%), requiring more than 1 PMD in 24 patients (1%). The selected PMDs were rotational atherectomy (35.1%), lithotripsy (5.2%), laser (11.2%), cutting/scoring balloons (27.6%), OPN balloons (2.9%), or a combination of PMDs (18%). PMDs were used in older patients, with greater cardiovascular burden, and higher Syntax and J-CTO scores. This greater complexity was associated with longer procedural time but similar total stent length (52 vs 57mm; P=.105). If the wire crossed, the procedural success rate was 87.2% but increased to 96.3% when PMDs were used (P=.001). Conversely, PMDs were not associated with a higher rate of procedural complications (3.7 vs 3.2%; P=.615). Despite the worse baseline profile, at 2 years of follow-up there were no differences in the survival rate (PMDs: 94.3% vs no-PMDs: 94.3%, respectively; P=.967). CONCLUSIONS: Following successful wire crossing in CTOs, PMDs were used in 7% of the lesions with an increased success rate. Mid-term outcomes were comparable despite their worse baseline profile, suggesting that broader use of PMDs in this setting might have potential technical and prognostic benefits.

The objective of this study was to examine whether the use and addiction of social networks are associated with disordered eating in Spanish adolescents. A cross-sectional study was carried out using data from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities study. The final sample included 653 adolescents (44.0% boys). Social network use (i.e., Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat, TikTok) was evaluated by a single item scale with multiple response options. The Short Social Networks Addiction Scale-6 Symptoms was used to determine addiction to social networks. Disordered eating behaviors were assessed with the Sick, Control, One, Fat, Food scale. Adolescents with high social network use had greater odds of disordered eating (odds ratio [OR] = 1.88, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.17–3.02). Adolescents with high social network addictive behaviors also showed a higher likelihood of presenting disordered eating (OR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.34–3.12). Social network use and addiction must be considered factors related to disordered eating among adolescents.

Background Both stent length and stent overlap are associated with worse outcomes in the percutaneous treatment of diffuse coronary artery disease (dCAD). However, evidence comparing these issues is scarce. We aimed to compare the results between the use of single very long stent (VLS) and ≥2 overlapping stents (OS) in the treatment of dCAD. Methods Seven hundred twenty-four consecutive lesions were included: 275 treated with a single VLS (≥40 mm) and 449 with ≥2 OS. Procedural characteristics were assessed, and survival analysis was performed to compare the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization [TLR], or stent thrombosis) during a median follow-up of 31 months. Results Procedures with VLS required less contrast volume (268 ± 122 vs 302 ± 113 cm3; P < .01), fluoroscopy time (16 ± 8 vs 21 ± 16 minutes; P < .01), and procedure duration (37 ± 18 vs 47 ± 27 minutes; P < .01) than the OS procedures. The VLS group showed lower incidence of MACE (4.4% vs 10.7%; P < .01), driven mainly by lower TLR rate (1.1% vs 4.7%; P < .01). The use of OS was an independent predictor of MACE. Conclusions In this study, the use of VLS for the treatment of dCAD was associated with better outcomes compared to OS.

The aims of this study were (1) to identify the different food consumption patterns among Spanish preschoolers and (2) to examine the association between having a different food consumption pattern and the odds of having excess weight (i.e., overweight or obesity) or obesity among this population.This was a nationwide cross-sectional study with data from the Spanish National Health Survey-2017. All preschoolers (aged 3-5 years) with complete information on all the variables analyzed were selected. The frequency of consumption of the fourteen food groups was evaluated by a food frequency questionnaire. Excess weight/obesity were computed following the World Health Organization criteria. A hierarchical cluster analysis using Ward's method (i.e., based on squared Euclidean distances) and k-means were performed including all food group consumption. A total sample of 663 was included in the cluster analysis.Three different clusters were established. Compared to the healthiest food consumption pattern (Cluster 1), higher odds of excess weight (OR = 1.51; CI: 95%, 1.02-2.25) and obesity (OR = 1.59; CI: 95%, 1.01-2.51) were found for participants with the unhealthiest food consumption pattern (Cluster 3).Having a food consumption pattern considered unhealthy (i.e., low intake of vegetables/fruits, high consumption of confectionery products, sugar-sweetened beverages, fast-food, and snacks) was associated with presenting excess weight/obesity among Spanish preschoolers.No studies have examined the specific food consumption patterns associated with excess weight or obesity among Spanish preschoolers. The unhealthiest food consumption pattern was characterized by a food consumption pattern that included a lower intake of vegetables and fruits and a higher consumption of confectionery products, sugar-sweetened beverages, fast-food, and snacks. Having a food consumption pattern considered unhealthy was associated with a higher prevalence of excess weight and obesity in comparison with other healthier food consumption patterns.

BACKGROUND The stent length as well as the stent overlap for the percutaneous treatment of diffuse coronary disease have been considered predictors of adverse events. However, there are no comparative data on the use of very long stents or overlapping stents in this scenario. OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical results of very long stents (≥40 mm) or overlapping stents in real clinical practice. METHODS We included 643 lesions in 628 consecutive patients treated with a single very long stent (≥40 mm) (251 lesions) or ≥2 overlapped stents (392 lesions). We analyzed the procedural characteristics and the presentation of the combined endpoint [cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, need for target lesion revascularization or stent thrombosis] after a follow-up of 20 months. RESULTS Total stent length was 54 ± 18 mm and minimum diameter was 2.9 ± 1.2 mm. At the end of follow-up, the rate of adverse events was 8.3% (cardiac death: 4.9%, myocardial infarction: 1.7%, target lesion revascularization: 3.1%, stent thrombosis: 0.7%). There were no significant differences between both groups in the presentation of the combined endpoint. Procedures with overlapping stents had more contrast volume (309 ± 115 vs 273 ± 127 ml; p = 0.002), longer duration (47 ± 22 vs 39 ± 18 min; p

Resumen Objetivo: Encontrar una relación entre los niveles de proteína C reactiva (PCR) y fibrinógeno, y la extensión de la aterosclerosis en el síndrome coronario agudo. Métodos: Estudio observacional prospectivo, en el que se incluyeron 873 pacientes con síndrome coronario atendidos en un hospital entre 2016 y 2018. Se analizaron niveles de PCR y fibrinógeno, marcadores metabólicos y extensión de la aterosclerosis coronaria. Resultados: No se halló correlación positiva entre los niveles de PCR y fibrinógeno y los marcadores metabólicos, así como tampoco con enfermedad de uno, dos y tres vasos (p 0,829; p 0,810). Conclusiones: Los niveles sanguíneos de PCR y fibrinógeno se relacionan con la tasa de eventos cardiovasculares, pero no se ha podido demostrar que exista relación entre estos y la severidad de la aterosclerosis coronaria. Abstract Objective: To determine whether there is a relationship between C - reactive protein and fibrinogen levels and the extent of atherosclerosis in acute coronary syndrome. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted that include 873 patients with coronary syndrome treated in a hospital between the years 2016 and 2018. An analysis was made that included C - reactive protein and fibrinogen levels, metabolic markers, extent of coronary atherosclerosis. Results: No positive correlation was found between the C - reactive protein and fibrinogen levels and the metabolic markers, nor with one, two, or three vessel disease (P=.829; P=.810). Conclusions: Although blood C-Reactive Protein and fibrinogen levels are associated with the rate of cardiovascular events, this study was unable to demonstrate whether there is a relationship between these and the severity of the coronary atherosclerosis.

Drug-eluting balloons currently constitute a therapeutic tool used in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Long-term results remain unknown. We evaluated the prognosis of PCI using a second generation paclitaxel-eluting balloon (PEB) in real-world patients. We included all PCI with PEB in de novo or in-stent restenosis coronary lesions performed in our unit from March 2009 to March 2019. We assessed the composite of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) rate after a median follow-up of 42 months. Consecutive patients (n = 320) with 386 lesions were included; 46.9% presented with stable angina and 53.1% acute coronary syndromes; 52.6% of the lesions were in-stent restenosis and 47.3% de novo lesions with a mean diameter of 2.4 ± 0.5 mm. A bare metal stent was implanted in 6.7% and a drug-eluting stent in 8.5% of patients. The MACE rate was 8%: 10 (2.6%) cardiovascular deaths, 13 (3.4%) myocardial infarctions, and 16 (4.1%) target lesion revascularization. The all-cause death rate was 5.2%. No cases of thrombosis were recorded. In conclusion, PEB was a safe and effective tool to treat in-stent restenosis and de novo coronary lesions, especially small vessel disease, during long-term follow-up.

Resumo Fundamento A ecocardiografia é essencial para o diagnóstico e a quantificação da insuficiência aórtica (IA). A integral velocidade-tempo (IVT) do fluxo da IA pode estar relacionada à gravidade da IA. Objetivo Este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar se a IVT é um marcador ecocardiográfico de gravidade da IA. Métodos Foram incluídos todos os pacientes com IA nativa moderada ou grave e ritmo sinusal que visitaram o nosso laboratório de imagem entre janeiro e outubro de 2016. Todos os indivíduos foram submetidos a um ecocardiograma completo com medição da IVT da IA. A associação entre a IVT e a gravidade da IA foi analisada por regressão logística e modelos de regressão multivariada. Valores p

The clinical impact of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and implantation of overlapping stents (OS) using platforms with the same versus different pharmacological characteristics is unknown. Our objective was to compare the outcomes of PCI with OS according to their pharmacological characteristics.In this observational single-center registry, we included all PCI performed from April 2014 to December 2018 in which overlapping drug-eluting stents were implanted. Two groups were created according to whether the stents release the same drug [homogeneous: (HO)] or different [heterogeneous: (HE)]. The primary endpoint was the need for target lesion revascularization (TLR). Clinical assessment was performed after the procedure, bianually and at the end of follow-up (June 2019).381 lesions with OS (HO: 209; HE: 172) were included (75.1% male, 66.7 ± 11.6 years). Clinical presentation was stable coronary artery disease in 49.9%. Syntax score was 23.7 ± 13.3. The number of OS implanted was 2.2 ± 0.5 and the total stent length was 59.5 ± 20.1 mm (HE: 61.5 ± 21.6 vs. HO: 57.8 ± 18.8 mm; p 0.01). After a median follow-up of 21 months, the HE group showed a lower TLR rate than the HO group (HE:2.3% vs HO:7.2%; p = 0.03). The rates of cardiac death (p = 0.44), myocardial infarction (p = 0.36) and stent thrombosis (p = 0.85) were similar between groups. In the multivariate analysis, the OS with homogeneous-drug devices was an independent predictor of a higher rate of TLR.PCI using OS with homogeneous pharmacological characteristics was associated with a higher rate of TLR in comparison with the implantation of OS with heterogeneous pharmacological characteristics.

The recognition of woven coronary artery anomaly is difficult because of its rare nature. Optical coherence tomography imaging is challenging due to the tortuosity of the channels; however, it is crucial not only for the differential diagnosis but also to guide the treatment approach.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia. To assess the need for anticoagulation is essential for its management. Our objective was to investigate whether the indication of anticoagulation was adequate in patients diagnosed with non-valvular AF, given the CHA2-DS2-VASc scale, measuring the International Normalizad Ratio range (INR) in patients treated with anti-vitamin K drugs.This is an observational and cross sectional study. 232 patients with atrial fibrillation were included. We analyzed demographic, the CHA2-DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED variables, the treatment and INR values for 6 consequentive months. The confrontation of variables was performed using chi-square and Mantel-Haenzel test.The prevalence of AF was 1.05%. The 88.4% had CHA2-DS2-VASc ≥ 2. The 71.1% were taking anticoagulants, of which 58.2% were under antivitamin k. The 46.7% of patients taking antivitamin K, presented inadequate range of INR. There was a greater prescription of antivitamin k in patients with persistent or permanent AF compared to the paroxysmal form (62.8 vs. 37.2% p.001). The use of drugs that increase bleeding was associated with a worse control of INR after adjustment for the main variables of clinical relevance (odds ratio 2.17 [1.02-4.59], p=.043).The level of anticoagulation with antivitamin K was inadequate in our sample, despite a proper follow up and adherence to treatment. Patients with paroxysmal AF received less antivitamin K than those with persistent/permanent AF.

Resumen Introduccion . La fibrilacion auricular (FA) es la arritmia cardiaca mas frecuente. En su manejo, es clave valorar la necesidad de anticoagulacion. Nuestro objetivo fue valorar en pacientes diagnosticados de FA no valvular si la indicacion de anticoagulacion es adecuada en funcion de la escala CHA2DS2-VASc y la adecuacion del rango del International Normalizad Ratio (INR) en los pacientes en tratamiento con antivitamina K. Metodos Estudio observacional, analitico transversal. Se seleccionaron 232 pacientes con diagnostico de FA no valvular. Se han analizado variables demograficas, variables de la escala CHA2DS2-VASc, tratamiento prescrito y valores de INR durante 6 meses consecutivos. La comparacion de variables se realizo con ji cuadrado y la tendencia lineal entre grupos por Mantel Haenzel, siendo calculadas las odds ratios. Resultados La prevalencia total de FA no valvular en el area fue 1,05%. El 88,4% presento un CHA2DS2-VASc ≥ 2. Un 71,1% de pacientes con fibrilacion auricular estaban anticoagulados, de los que el 58,2% tomaban farmacos antivitamina K. El 46,7% de los pacientes en tratamiento con acenocumarol presento un INR con un tiempo en rango terapeutico directo insuficiente. La prescripcion de antivitamina K en los pacientes con FA permanente fue superior que en pacientes con FA paroxistica (62,8 vs. 37,2%, p Conclusiones El control de la anticoagulacion oral con antivitamina K fue suboptimo pese a la adecuada adherencia de los pacientes. Los pacientes con FA paroxistica recibieron menos antivitamina-K que los de FA persistente/permanente.

Risk awareness of no-reflow is mandatory, especially in patients with cardiovascular risk factors, long door-to-balloon time, and in the presence of angiographic evidence of a large thrombus burden. Some preventive strategies have been described. Nevertheless, in clinical practice, is difficult to avoid no-reflow. Interventional cardiologists have no guidelines or recommendations for this situation. We suggest that a conservative management with dual antiplatelet therapy and slow intravenous infusion of nitroglycerine over 12 to 24 hours and abciximab, followed by deferred [...]

BACKGROUND Blood pressure variability (BPV) has been postulated as a potential predictor of cardiovascular outcomes. No agreement exists as to which measurement method is best for BPV estimation. We attempt to assess the correlation between BPV obtained at the doctor’s office, self-measurement at home (SMBP) and ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM). METHODS Eight weekly clinic BP measurements, 2 SMBP series, and 1 24-hour ABPM recording were carried out in a sample of treated hypertensive patients. BPV was calculated using the SD, the “coefficient of variation” and the “average real variability.” Determinants of short-, mid-, and long-term BPV (within each measurement method) were also calculated. The different BPV determinants were correlated “intramethod” and “intermethod” by linear regression test. RESULTS For the 104 patients (66.5 ± 7.7 years, 58.7% males), the ABPM BPV (SD, systolic/diastolic: 14.5 ± 3.1/9.8 ± 2.5 mm Hg) was higher than the SMBP (12.2 ± 9.8/7.4 ± 5.8 mm Hg; P < 0.001) and clinic BPV (10 ± 8.9/5.9 ± 4.9 mm Hg; P = 0.001). The main BPV correlation between methods was weak, with a maximum R2 = 0.17 (P < 0.001) between clinic and SMBP systolic BPV. The “intramethod” correlation of BPV yielded a maximum R2 = 0.21 (P < 0.001) between morning diastolic SMBP intershift/intermeans variability. The “intermethod” correlation of short-, mid-, and long-term BPV determinants was weak (maximum R2 = 0.22, P < 0.001, between clinic intraday variability/SMBP morning intershift variability). CONCLUSIONS The “intramethod” and “intermethod” correlation between BPV determinants was weak or nonexistent, even when comparing determinants reflecting the same type of temporal BPV. Our data suggest that BPV reflects a heterogeneous phenomenon that strongly depends on the estimation method and the time period evaluated.

The treatment of coronary lesions caused by blunt chest trauma is controversial. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a coronary dissection related to blunt chest trauma evaluated with OCT and treated with a magnesium resorbable scaffold.

Resumen El embarazo en pacientes anticoaguladas es de alto riesgo por las complicaciones tromboticas y embolicas en la madre, la embriopatia por el tratamiento anticoagulante, el riesgo trombotico propio del embarazo y, especialmente, por el cambio de diferentes tipos de anticoagulacion. Se presenta el caso clinico de una gestante con un infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM) debido a una embolia coronaria, poniendo de manifiesto la importancia de la adecuada vigilancia y monitorizacion en los intercambios de anticoagulacion, pues son los periodos mas vulnerables para sufrir complicaciones.

This image series shows how bypass grafts may tent the vessel to which they are anastomosed, potentially changing the expected course of the native coronary vessel. This fact must be taken into account during CTO-PCI, and this case emphasizes the importance of careful analysis of coronary anatomy with several angiographic projections.

European Guidelines on Myocardial Revascularization recommend clopidogrel loading dose added to acetylsalicylic acid in elective percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs). However, there is few evidence supporting this recommendation and other P2Y12 inhibitors have not been tested in these patients.To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of different loading doses of clopidogrel and ticagrelor in patients without double antiplatelet therapy and stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) undergoing elective PCI.Retrospective study of 147 consecutive patients with SCAD undergoing elective PCI. Loading P2Y12 inhibitor doses evaluated were: clopidogrel 600 mg, clopidogrel 300 mg, clopidogrel 150 mg, and ticagrelor 180 mg. We analyzed the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events and periprocedural myocardial infarction.One hundred twenty-five patients were treated with clopidogrel (16 with clopidogrel 150 mg, 7 with clopidogrel 300 mg, and 93 with clopidogrel 600 mg) and 21 with ticagrelor 180 mg at the catheterization laboratory. The ticagrelor group had a significantly lower postprocedural peak of troponin-I (0.7 ± 3.4 vs. 0.3 ± 0.7 ng/mL; P = 0.02). There were no differences between groups in terms of major bleeding and hemoglobin drop after PCI (0.6 ± 0.8 vs. 4 ± 0.6; P = 0.8). The median of follow-up was 17 months (interquartile range 9-32.7). At the end of follow-up, major adverse cardiovascular event rate was not different between groups.In patients without dual antiplatelet therapy undergoing elective PCI, the use of ticagrelor showed lower postprocedural myocardial injury without more bleeding complications.

A 73-year-old woman with a severely calcified critical stenosis in the midleft anterior descending coronary artery ([Figure 1A][1]) was referred for percutaneous coronary intervention. Pre-dilatation with a 2.5-mm noncompliant balloon at 20 atm pressure did not achieve adequate balloon expansion

Drug-coated balloons (DCBs) constitute one of the therapeutic tools used in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) of both stent restenosis and "de novo" coronary lesions, mainly in bifurcations and small vessels. Diabetic patients represent an unfavorable subgroup because of their higher

Resumen Objetivo Analizar los estilos de vida relacionados con el riesgo cardiovascular en una poblacion universitaria a su ingreso en la universidad. Material y metodo Estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal en los alumnos de la Universidad Catolica San Antonio de Murcia. Se selecciona una muestra de 672 estudiantes universitarios que cursan el primer ano de carrera. El instrumento utilizado para recoger los datos es un cuestionario autocumplimentado, anonimo, con un total de 59 preguntas. Resultados Respecto al habito tabaquico, 242 son fumadores (36%) y 117 exfumadores (17,4%). No fuman 313 (46,6%). Cuando se compara el consumo de tabaco por sexo, no se detectan diferencias. Por grupo de carrera, la mayor frecuencia de no fumadores se observa en los estudiantes de ciencias de la actividad fisica (59,1%) frente a los de las carreras humanisticas (40,9%). El 87,4% (587) de los estudiantes encuestados reconoce consumir bebidas alcoholicas, frente al 12,6% (85) que no. Segun el grupo de carrera, no se detecta asociacion entre el grupo de carrera y el hecho de consumir o no bebidas alcoholicas. El 65,6% de los estudiantes encuestados refieren realizar ejercicio fisico habitualmente, siendo mayor la frecuencia de ejercicio en los hombres que en las mujeres (81,7% frente al 49,4%) (p Conclusiones La Universidad no ejerce el papel que podria significar en cuanto a la potenciacion de estilos de vida sanos y abandono de estilos nocivos para la salud.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic potential of seven examinations in order to define the most suitable strategy for target organ damage (TOD) search in hypertensive patients. Methods This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study. 153 consecutive treated and essential hypertensive patients were enrolled. Patients with established cardiovascular or chronic renal disease (stage ≥4) were excluded. TOD search was assessed by: glomerular filtration rate (GFR), albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR), electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram (ECO), ankle–brachial index (ABI), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and carotid ultrasound (intima media thickness and presence of plaques). The rationale of our strategy ought to determine the performance of applying a set of the most widely available tests (GFR, ACR, ABI, ECG) and advise about the optimal sequence of the remaining tests. Results The sample was 64.4 ± 7.9 years old, 45.8% males. 82.6% of the sample had any TOD at all. The resulting algorithm found a 37% TOD in relation to GFR, ACR, ABI and ECG values. Adding carotid ultrasound added up to 70% of the studied population and properly classified (TOD+/TOD−) 89% of the cohort. When performing PWV, 78% of the patients had been identified as TOD+ and 96% of the population was correctly identified. Contribution of ECO was minor. Conclusion After running the more widely available explorations (GFR, ACR, ABI, ECG), a step-by-step strategy that included carotid ultrasound, PWV and ECO could be the best sequence for TOD search in asymptomatic hypertensive patients.

ResumenObjetivoValorar si existen diferencias en la población inmigrante en función de los años transcurridos desde su llegada a nuestro país y del área geográfica de procedencia.DiseñoEstudio transversal realizado en 3 colectivos de inmigrantes.ParticipantesSe seleccionan 4 grupos: inmigrantes latinoamericanos (298), inmigrantes norteafricanos (130) y procedentes del Este de Europa (114). También un grupo control de 100 españoles de edad y sexo similar.MétodosSe valoran variables antropométricas, bioquímicas, presión arterial y riesgo cardiovascular según las tablas de las Sociedades Europeas de Hipertensión y Cardiología.ResultadosEl riesgo cardiovascular de los 3 grupos de inmigrantes es similar entre ellos (riesgo cardiovascular añadido alto o muy alto en el 5,5% de latinoamericanos, en el 4,3% de norteafricanos y en el 1,6% de inmigrantes del Este), pero significativamente inferior al grupo control de españoles (28%). Tras 8 años de estancia en España el riesgo cardiovascular aumenta en los 3 grupos de inmigrantes, equiparándose al de los españoles en norteafricanos y de países del Este (riesgo cardiovascular añadido alto o muy alto en el 18,5% de norteafricanos, 20% en grupo de países del Este). En inmigrantes latinoamericanos dicho riesgo cardiovascular supera al resto de grupos e incluso al grupo de españoles (riesgo cardiovascular alto o muy alto en el 48,7% de latinoamericanos frente al 28% de españoles).ConclusionesCon la estancia en España el riesgo cardiovascular de los inmigrantes aumenta sobre todo si proceden de Latinoamérica. Dicho aumento se hace clínicamente significativo a partir de los 8 años de estancia en España.AbstractObjectiveTo assess whether there are differences in the immigrant population in terms of the years since their arrival in Spain and their geographical area of origin.DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted in three immigrant groups.ParticipantsThe groups selected were: a group of Latin American immigrants (298), a group of North African immigrants (130) and a group from Eastern Europe (114). A control group of 100 from a Spanish population of similar age and sex was also included.MethodsAnthropometric variables were measured, including biochemical inflammatory markers, blood pressure and cardiovascular risk estimation according to the tables of the European Societies of Hypertension and Cardiology.ResultsThe cardiovascular risk of the three groups of immigrants is similar between them (added cardiovascular risk high or very high at 5.5% in Latin Americans, 4.3% in North Africans, and 1.6% in immigrants from eastern countries), but significantly lower than the Spanish control group (28%). After 8 years in Spain, cardiovascular risk increases in the three groups of immigrants, with those from North Africa and eastern countries being comparable to the Spanish group (added cardiovascular risk high or very high of 18.5% in North Africans, and 20% in group from eastern countries). This cardiovascular risk was higher than the other groups, including the Spanish control group (Latin American immigrants 48.7% vs 28% in Spanish group).ConclusionsThe cardiovascular risk of immigrants increases over the years in Spain, with this increase being higher if they come from Latin America. This increase becomes clinically significant after the 8 years of stay in Spain.

Drug coated balloons (DCB) currently constitute one of the therapeutic tools used in percutaneous coronary interventions(PCI) of both stent restenosis and "de novo" coronary lesions, mainly in bifurcations and small vessels. Nowadays, their results at a long-term follow up are unclear. The main

Paclitaxel coated balloons (PCB) currently constitute one of the therapeutic tools used in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Sequent Please® (SPB) and In-Pact Falcon® (IFB) are PCB widely used that differ in several features such as the drug carrier. Their results at a long-term follow-up

To analyze the lifestyles associated with cardiovascular risk in a university population in university admission.A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional students of the Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia. Select a sample of 672 college students enrolled in the first year of the race. The instrument used to collect the data, is a self-completed questionnaire anonymous, with a total of 59 questions.With respect to smoking 242 are smokers (36%), 117 former smokers (17.4%), and 313 non-smokers (46.6%). When compared snuff consumption by sex, no differences are detected. By running the largest group of non-smokers often seen in students of physical sciences (59.1%) compared to the careers humanities (40.9%). 87.4% (587) of students surveyed report using alcohol, compared to 12.6% (85) no. According to the race group not detected association between race group and the fact consume alcohol or not. The 65.6% of students surveyed physical exercise commonly referred, being higher the frequency of exercise in men than in women (81.7% versus 49.4%) (P.001). 54.3% of surveyed students follow a dietary pattern typical of the Mediterranean diet.The University does not exercise the role that could mean in terms of enhancing healthy lifestyles and abandonment of harmful health styles.