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Copyright of Gümüshane Üniversitesi Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Gumushane University, Faculty of Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Jurnal Kreasi Rakyat (JKR) is the property of Jurnal Kreasi Rakyat (JKR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Sport Exercise & Training Sciences (IJSETS) / Uluslararasi Spor Egzersiz ve Antrenman Bilimi Dergisi (USEABD) is the property of International Journal of Sport Exercise & Training Sciences (IJSETS) / Uluslararasi Spor Egzersiz v) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Caffeine's use as a performance-enhancing supplement among professional athletes progressively increased after it was taken off the World Anti-Doping Agency's (WADA) list of banned substances. The present review looks at the interactions caused by different levels of caffeine ergogenicity in athletes and gene polymorphisms that affect caffeine ergogenic effect in the current literature. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of the studies available in the literature and the respective study results have evaluated caffeine ergogenicity in athletes and gene polymorphisms. The search for studies was performed through five databases. Individual responses to caffeine consumption may differ from person to person due to multigene and multifactorial interactions. Adenosine A2A receptor (ADORA2A) and Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) are two genes thought to have the most effects on caffeine's ergogenicity. The function of these two genes accounts for most inter-individual variations in studies after caffeine ingestion. Based on the findings, it is understood that the contribution of caffeine use to individual performance development varies over time due to changes in both environmental and epigenetic interactions, as well as parameters such as circadian rhythm, training loads, nutritional routine, habitual caffeine use, drug intake, expectation, time of consumption, and heredity. As a result, individual caffeine responses are highly complex and involve multiple modifiers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Fenerbahce University Journal of Health Sciences (FBU-JOSH) / Fenerbahçe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Fenerbahce University Journal of Health Sciences (FBU-JOSH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of ROL Sport Sciences / ROL Spor Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Journal of ROL Sport Sciences / ROL Spor Bilimleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Caffeine is the main component of tea that is important as an agricultural product. Caffeine has a great commercial value because of its different industrial applications. It has a stimulating effect on the nervous system and can cause undesirable effects when consumed excessively. Turkey is a significant producer of tea, ranking sixth in the world but has one of the world's highest per capita consumption levels. Due to the economic importance of caffeine and the health effects caused by high consumption level of tea, it is important to know the caffeine content of tea precisely. In this study, the caffeine content of the tea was determined by applying different brewing and analysis conditions with UV-Vis spectrophotometer. While preparing tea infusions, stagnant conditions were used by considering the brewing tea in the teapot and the percentage of caffeine contents were obtained by changing the brewing time, tea/water and infusion/chloroform ratio for three different temperatures. According to the results, the measured caffeine are highly dependent on brewing temperature. Brewing requires a long time at low temperatures and the increase in tea/water ratio at high temperature affects the caffeine percentage. Chloroform is capable of extracting the caffeine from tea infusions even at high volume of infusions and high temperature. Since it has low LOD (0.338 mg/L) and LOQ (1.025 mg/L) values, this method is also suitable for decaffeinated coffee or tea and herbal teas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paracetamol and caffeine are chemical compounds that are suspected to be illegally added to the traditional herbs claimed as rheumatics drugs. Identification of paracetamol and caffeine has been done on five samples of jamu powder obtained from the Depot Jamu in Surabaya. This study aimed to simultaneously identify paracetamol and caffeine commonly found in traditional medicine one of which is jamu powder using thin-layer chromatography densitometry (TLC-Densitometry). Evaluate the presence of paracetamol and caffeine in the product of jamu was performed by thin layer chromatography with silica gel GF254 and chloroform-ethyl acetate (1:1) as the stationary and mobile phase respectively. The spots on the TLC plate were detected using a UV at 254 nm and the areas were measured by a Camag TLC scanner. The TLC profile demonstrated a good separation of paracetamol, caffein, and others substances that containing in the products. The retardation factor (Rf) of paracetamol and caffeine were 0,42 and 0,26 with a detection limit of 0,0125 µg/spot and 0,05 µg/spot respectively. The simultaneous identification of caffeine and paracetamol by using thin-layer chromatography densitometry revealed that none of the five samples were detected to contain paracetamol and caffeine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food & Health (2602-2834) is the property of Scientific Web Journals (SWJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: This study examined the relationship between caffeine use and depression, anxiety, stress level and sleep quality in medical students. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between March 1, and April 15, 2022, by applying a face-to-face questionnaire to 700 medical students. Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used. Results: In the last month, more than 80% of medical students consumed caffeine as tea, solid foods containing caffeine, and coffee. Female gender, increasing age, class level, smoking, family income and place of residence were the factors affecting the caffeine use among students. Caffeine consumption increased in those with high anxiety and stress scores. 73.1% of medical students had poor sleep quality, and as sleep quality worsened, students' caffeine use increased. Conclusion: It may be offer medical students other alternatives instead of increased caffeine consumption to cope with anxiety and stress and to improve sleep quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRAK Fermentasi merupakan proses perombakan senyawa organik oleh mikroorganisme yang melibatkan enzim yang dihasilkan sebagai biokatalis dalam lingkungan yang dikendalikan. Komponen kimia didalam kopi seperti kafein, asam klorogenat, trigonelin, karbohidrat, lemak, asam amino, asam organik, aroma volatil dan mineral dapat menghasilkan efek yang menguntungkan dan membahayakan kesehatan. Bakteri asam laktat adalah bakteri yang mampu memfermentasikan gula atau karbohidrat untuk memproduksi asam laktat dalam jumlah besar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memanfaatkan bakteri asam laktat pada yakult sebagai media fermentasi biji kopi untuk menghasilkan bubuk kopi dengan mutu yang lebih baik. Proses fermentasi melibatkan bakteri Lactobacillus caseipada yakult sebagai media fermentasi dengan variasi waktu fermentasi dan jenis kopi. Kadar kopi paling tinggi diperoleh pada waktu fermentasi 60 jam untuk kopi robusta dan arabika yaitu 5% dan 4%, kadar sari paling tinggi diperoleh pada waktu fermentasi 12 jam untuk kopi robusta dan arabika yaitu 35% dan 27 %, kadar kopi paling tinggi diperoleh pada waktu fermentasi 48 jam untuk kopi robusta yaitu 1,075 % dan 36 jam untuk kopi arabika yaitu 0,985 %, kopi dengan rasa paling nikmat diperoleh pada waktu fermentasi 36 jam untuk robusta dan arabika dengan skor masing-masing 5, warna paling enak pada waktu fermentasi 60 jam untuk robusta dan arabika dengan skor masing-masing 5,dan aroma paling enak adalah pada waktu fermentasi 12 jam untuk robusta dan arabika dengan skor masing-masing serta kadar abu tertinggi diperoleh pada waktu fermentasi 12 jam yaitu 4,6 % untuk robusta dan 4,585% untuk arabika. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kopi yang difermentasi oleh bakteri Lactobacillus casei masih berada pada syarat mutu bubuk kopi berdasarkan SNI 01-3542-2004.

Caffeine-containing foods are frequently used around the world, as it helps to stay awake and prevent the onset of fatigue. Therefore, research on the use of caffeine as a food or pharmaceutical purposes has increased in recent years. However, there is no research for the interaction of caffeine with the mucin protein in saliva that accompanies the orally ingested molecules throughout the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, the interaction between caffeine and mucin was investigated using fluorescence spectroscopy technique. Experimental results showed that caffeine molecules have a quenching effect on the fluorophores of mucin protein. This effect occurs when each caffeine molecule interacts with one protein molecule via the static fluorescence quenching mechanism. Moreover, the interaction of caffeine and mucin was enhanced as the caffeine concentration increases, especially in the stomach environment. After all, this study may provide a good basis for the digestion and bioavailability studies of caffeine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Performance pressure and caffeine consumption, a common combination in daily life, have both been shown to affect cognitive performance. However, previous research has not fully elucidated the extent to which the effects of caffeine and performance pressure impact cognitive function, especially working memory. This study aims to examine the possibility that caffeine can enhance working memory performance under pressure. A total of 61 participants aged 18 to 32 participated, divided into four groups. Experiment-based data collection was conducted with a single-blind design. Working memory was measured by Modular Arithmetic Tasks with the OpenSesame program. All participants were asked to perform arithmetic tasks and arousal levels were measured using the Galvanic Skin Response (GSR). The findings revealed no evidence of an interaction effect of caffeine intake and performance pressure on working memory (F= .632, p= .431, hp 2 = .012). Given the prevalence of caffeine intake prior to facing high-pressure situations, the consumption of a cup of coffee does not improve cognitive performance as many would expect. However, caffeine intake had a stabilizing effect on the skin conductance response values during performance under pressure. Clinical psychologists can use a daily dose of caffeine as an alternative intervention or preventative measure to help patients reduce performance pressurerelated anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Apnea of prematurity is a frequently encountered condition in premature infants in the neonatal-intensive-care-units and is defined as respiratory arrest for more than 15-20 seconds or short-term respiratory interruption accompanied by low oxygen-saturation and/or bradycardia. While apnea is observed in almost all babies born below 28 weeks of gestation, the frequency of apnea decreases as the gestational week gets older. Hypoxemia and bradycardia attacks intervening due to apnea together with the neurological immaturity caused by premature-birth increase the risk of neurological damage in these babies and in the long term; it can cause significant morbidities such as cerebral palsy, developmental coordination disorder, cognitive and behavioral disorders, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and retinopathy of prematurity. For this reason, the diagnosis and treatment of apnea in premature infants is important, and caffeine, a methylxanthine derivative, is the first choice in the pharmacological treatment of apnea. Caffeine is structurally similar to adenosine and its effect is dose-dependent mainly on adenosine receptors. Caffeine eliminates the inhibition of the medullary-respiratory-center suppressed by adenosine in apnea of prematurity, increases neural excitation by preventing gamma-aminobutyric acid release, increases the sensitivity of the central nervous system to blood carbon-dioxide levels, thus it stimulates and maintains respiration in infants with apnea. In this review, the effect of caffeine, which is the first choice in the treatment of apnea in premature infants, information about who, when, in which dose, and for how long we should use it, has been tried to be given in the light of the recent literature data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of elevated liver enzymes in developed countries. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of caffeine intake on some parameters of liver metabolism in individuals with NAFLD. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 female and 20 male subjects between the ages of 19 to 64, who were diagnosed with NAFLD, were included in the study. To determine caffeine intake, a specially developed caffeine-food frequency questionnaire was administered by a trained dietitian. Individuals were categorized into 3 groups according to their caffeine intake; Group 1: =150 mg/day, Group 2: 150-250 mg/day, and Group 3: =250 mg/day. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical parameters were recorded. Protein quantities in serum samples were determined by ELISA method. Results: The body fat composition of group 1 was higher than group 2. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels of group 3 were higher than group 1 and group 2, respectively. Highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level of group 3 was lower than group 1 and group 2. There was a positive correlation between total caffeine intake and ALT level. There was no significant difference between the caffeine intake groups in terms of serum protein levels. In addition, there was not found significant correlation between serum protein levels and total caffeine intake. Conclusion: Caffeine intake of =250 mg/day may increase ALT and AST levels and decrease HDL-C level in individuals with NAFLD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coffee, tea and chocolate are drinks that are much loved by the public, because of that coffee, tea and chocolate have been consumed from generation to generation. Caffeine is found in caffeine where caffeine is a type of alkaloid which is found in many coffee beans, tea leaves, and cocoa beans (Coffeefag, 2021). Identify and determine caffeine content in coffee, tea, and chocolate methods using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry. The method used in preparing review articles is the literature study method, which is a method that contains theories that are relevant to issues related to research. The data used in this study, namely secondary data obtained from the Google Scholar and Pubmed data base. The samples used for testing the results of uv-Vis spectrophotometry from coffee, tea and cocoa powder. Based on the results of the analysis of the caffeine content in coffee, it can be shown in Table 1, namely the average caffeine content obtained in raw coffee cherries is 838.939 ± 1.6103. on testing chocolate can be reported with a value of 26.40 ± 3.11 mg/g. In gopek tea, the results obtained in the isolated caffeine solution were 2 maximum waves of 235.0 nm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pendahuluan: Kopi merupakan salah satu minuman lezat yang banyak digemari oleh masyarakat. Kopi (Coffea sp) memiliki kandungan senyawa kimia salah satunya yaitu kafein. Kafein memiliki efek negative pada tubuh manusia jika dikonsumsi secara berlebihan seperti, gugup, tremor, insomnia, hipertensi dan kejang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui berapa kadar kafein pada kopi Import yang beredar dikota Batam dan apakah sudah memenuhi standar SNI dengan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV. Analisis kadar kafein kopi import secara kualitatif menggunakan reagen parry dan analisis kadar kafein kopi import secara kuantitatif ditentukan menggunakan spektrofotometri UV pada panjang gelombang 273,05 nm. Berdasarkan uji kualitatif yang dilakukan tujuh sampel kopi import positif mengandung kafein. Pada sampel A 43,15 mg kadar kafein, sampel B 95,1 mg kadar kafein, sampel C 49,3 mg kadar kafein, sampel D 106,05 mg kadar kafein, sampel E 45,81 mg kadar kafein, sampel F 57,2 mg kadar kafein, sampel G 22 mg kadar kafein. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan disimpulkan terdapat tiga sampel kopi import yang tidak memenuhi standar SNI yaitu

In this study, coffees with different grinding degrees, including very fine (47.13-54.64 μm), fine (89.25-119.88 μm) and fine medium (248.77-312.23 μm), representing the dimensions of Turkish coffee, were stored at 5, 25 and 45 °C for 28 days. The changes in chlorogenic acid content, caffeine content and fatty acid composition were investigated during storage period (0th, 14th, 28th day). Chlorogenic acid and caffeine, which are the components responsible for the bioactive properties of coffee, varied between 1.05-1.38 g/100g DM and 1.49-1.80 g/100g DM, respectively, depending on the storage conditions. Linoleic acid (41.86-42.89%) and palmitic acid (33.23-36.36%) were determined as the main fatty acids in coffee samples, as well as oleic acid (10.59-11.47%), stearic acid (7.38-8.48%) and trace amounts of myristic acid, margaric acid, elaidic acid, cis -11 eicosenoic acid, arachidic acid and behenic acids were also detected. It was observed that the difference in particle size and storage temperature of the coffee samples did not cause a significant change on the fatty acid composition ratios, but there were significant decreases in their amounts during the storage period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sleep and wakefulness are multifactorial, complex and well-regulated physiological processes that occur in all living things. Environmental and genetic factors that affect sleep and wakefulness can change the cycle determined by the circadian rhythm and the duration and intensity of daily brain activity. Considering the necessity of good sleep for health, it is clear that defining the factors that regulate the spontaneous sleepwake cycle is important for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of many sleep disorders. The facts that the extracellular concentration of adenosine which is defined as an endogenous sleep factor increases during long-term wakefulness, especially in the cortex and basal forebrain, and decreases during sleep, and in addition, caffeine, which is frequently consumed in daily life, acts via this molecule, indicate that it is a molecule that should be considered in the homeostasis of sleep. In this review, studies examining the regulation of the sequential sleepwake cycle and the role of adenosine in this regulation are summarized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Coffee is one of the drinks most often consumed throughout the world and is the second most popular beverage in the world after water. At present, the effect of coffee consumption on the human body is increasingly being studied, especially on the cardiovascular system. Many studies say that coffee consumption can prevent stroke, either directly or indirectly against stroke risk factors by a variety of mechanisms caused by the compounds contained in coffee. However, to date various prospective studies looking at the relationship between coffee consumption and stroke risk are still inconsistent. Objectives: To determine the relationship of coffee consumption with the risk of stroke. Methods: We searched on MEDLINE and PubMed, using the keywords “coffee” or “caffeine” and "stroke or cardiovascular events" which follows the flow and search rules of the Reporting Item Options for Systematic Review and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) to find studies with cohort design in the last 10 years starting in 2009-2019. Discussion: Among 226 citations identified in this systematic review, only 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. Four studies provided evidence that coffee consumption habits were not associated with an increased risk of stroke, while 6 other studies explaining that more coffee consumption has protective benefits against the risk of stroke. Conclusion: Coffee consumption shows a preventive effect on stroke risk. Keywords: caffeine, coffee, relative risk, stroke risk Latar Belakang: Kopi merupakan salah satu minuman yang paling sering dikonsumsi di seluruh dunia dan menjadi minuman populer kedua di dunia setelah air. Saat ini, pengaruh konsumsi kopi untuk tubuh manusia semakin banyak diteliti, khususnya terhadap sistem kardiovaskular. Banyak penelitian mengatakan bahwa konsumsi kopi dapat mencegah timbulnya penyakit stroke, baik secara langsung atau tidak langsung terhadap faktor risiko stroke dengan beragam mekanisme yang ditimbulkan oleh senyawa yang terkandung dalam kopi. Namun, hingga saat ini beragam studi prospektif yang mengamati hubungan antara konsumsi kopi dan risiko stroke masih belum konsisten. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan konsumsi kopi dengan risiko terjadinya stroke. Metode: Pencarian dilakukan pada MEDLINE dan PubMed dengan menggunakan kata kunci “coffee or caffeine” and “stroke or cardiovascular events”. yang mengikuti alur dan kaidah pencarian Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) untuk mencari studi dengan desain cohort dalam rentang waktu 10 tahun terakhir mulai tahun 2009-2019. Pembahasan: Dari 226 sitasi yang teridentifikasi pada systematic review, hanya 10 studi yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Empat penelitian memberikan bukti bahwa kebiasaan mengonsumsi kopi tidak dikaitkan dengan peningkatan risiko stroke, sedangkan 6 penelitian lainnya, menjelaskan bahwa konsumsi kopi yang lebih banyak memiliki manfaat perlindungan terhadap risiko kejadian stroke. Kesimpulan: Konsumsi kopi menunjukkan efek pencegahan terhadap risiko stroke. Kata Kunci: kafein, kopi, risiko relatif, risiko stroke

Copyright of Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science (MJSS) is the property of Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science (MJSS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui efek konsumsi kopi sebagai zat gizi fungsional bagi kesehatan kardiovaskuler dengan memperhatikan kandungan zat aktif, jumlah konsumsi kopi dan cara pengolahan yang dianjurkan. Metode: Dilakukan penelusuran artikel yang relevan pada basis data PubMed dan Google Scholar selama 10 tahun terakhir. Hasil: Kopi memiliki banyak kandungan zat aktif yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan. Kandungan dalam biji kopi dapat mencegah kejadian penyakit kardiovaskuler melalui beberapa mekanisme, seperti meningkatkan vasodilatasi, mencegah kerusakan endotel, dan mempengaruhi nitrit oksida pada dinding pembuluh darah. Efek positif ini didapatkan dengan cara pengolahan dan dosis yang sesuai. Pengolahan dengan teknik filter dan dosis konsumsi dalam jumlah sedang dapat memberikan efek yang baik terhadap kesehatan kardiovaskuler. Beberapa keadaan harus diperhatikan dalam mengonsumsi kopi; pada wanita hamil dan lansia konsumsi kopi harus dibatasi atau dihentikan. Simpulan: Kopi merupakan zat gizi fungsional yang memberikan efek positif terhadap kesehatan kardiovaskuler.

Background: The aim was to investigate the antioxidant effects of lycopene and caffeine in rats exposed to renal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. Materials and Methods: Following right renal nephrectomy, 60 minutes of ischemia followed by 60 minutes of reperfusion were performed in 200-250 gram Wistar albino rats used in the study. 30 minutes before ischemia, lycopene (5 mg/kg), caffeine (50 mg/kg), lycopene (5 mg/kg) + caffeine (50 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally to the rats. After the experiment, 4 ml of blood and left kidney were taken from the rats. Tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and serum creatinine activities were measured biochemically and light microscopy findings were evaluated histologically. Results: When MDA levels are compared; Although the MDA level of the IR+Lycopene group was lower than the IR group, no significance was observed. When IR+Lycopene and IR+Caffeine groups are compared; The MDA level of the IR+Lycopene group is higher than the IR+ Caffeine group. In the IR+Caffeine group; A statistically significant increase was observed in serum creatinine compared to the IR+Lycopene+Caffeine group. Although SOD and GSH-Px were higher in the antioxidant groups compared to the IR group, no statistically significant difference was observed. When compared with ischemia-reperfusion group, histopathological damage was found to be significantly lower than in the other groups. It was found that Lycopene and Caffeine reduced apoptosis, tubular dilatation, tubular epithelium degeneration, glomerular shrinkage, desquame epithelium and proteinous cast amount significantly. Conclusions: While lycopene has high antioxidant efficiency when compared with caffeine, lycopene and caffeine have protective effect against renal ischemia reperfusion injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nigde University Journal of Physical Education & Sport Sciences / Nigde Üniversitesi Beden Egitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Journal of Physical Education & Sports Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pamukkale Medical Journal is the property of Pamukkale Journal of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Kelelahan otot merupakan suatu kondisi dimana otot kehilangan kemampuan berkontraksi karena stimuli terus menerus dan hal ini dikaitkan dengan penurunan cadangan glikogen. Obat derivat methylxanthine (kafein dan teofilin) bermanfaat untuk menghemat penggunaan glikogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali efektivitas kafein dan teofilin dalam menunda kelelahan otot sebagaimana yang diukur dalam lama struggling. Sebanyak 18 (delapan belas) ekor tikus berusia ± 3 bulan, berat 200-210 gram, kadar Hb 11,5-16 mg/dL dan kadar Hmt 35-51%, dibagi secara acak ke dalam 3 kelompok perlakuan: kontrol (akuades 1 mL/kgBB), kafein 3,78% (1 mL/kgBB) dan teofilin 3,15% (1 mL/kgBB). Kelelahan otot diukur dengan lama struggling dalam detik. Data rerata lama struggling antar kelompok dianalisis dengan one way ANOVA. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa lama struggling untuk kelompok kafein (286.83+7.11) detik dan teofilin (312.33+15.92) detik, lebih lama daripada kelompok kontrol (140.33+23.24) (p0,05), sedangkan lama struggling kelompok kafein dengan teofilin tidak berbeda bermakna (p0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa kafein dan teofilin mampu menunda kelelahan otot pada tikus dan efektifitasnya sebanding.

Containing the chemical components responsible for the aroma and flavor profile of the coffee bean after roasting, mung beans (Vigna radiata) have potential to be a caffeine-free coffee alternative. Mung beans were roasted at 130°C for 10, 20 and 30 min by a fluidized bed roaster and at 600 W for 8, 14 and 20 minutes by a microwave oven. The effects of roaster type and roasting degree on mung beans were investigated. Roasting at 130°C for 20 minutes and at 600 W for 14 minutes gave better results in terms of sensory properties. The microwave roasted samples had higher scores than fluidized bed roasted samples in terms of odor and flavor (P =0.05). Microwave roasting method was found to be a suitable method for roasting mung beans as both quick and practical method. Roasting process increased the antioxidant activity of mung beans up to 39.42 ± 0.14% (P ≤0.05). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jurnal Veteriner is the property of Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Udayana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: Therapy of pain syndromes involves exposure to its source, receptors, and peripheral fibers. Treatment of acute pain and inflammation involves the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and nonnarcotic analgesics. An alternative to obsolete analgesics is combined compositions. Experimental results clearly indicates that caffeine effectively enhances the peripheral analgesic activity when combined in an analgesic. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the peripheral analgesic activity of meloxicam, piroxicam, and their pharmacological combinations with caffeine. Materials and Methods: The peripheral analgesic activity of piroxicam, meloxicam, and their combinations with caffeine was studied using the abdominal writhing test. This method was used to induce pain of peripheral origin by intraperitoneal injection of 0.6% acetic acid solution. The investigated drugs, their combinations, and 3% starch mucilage were administrated 1 h before the introduction of the algogen. The cumulative number of writhing responses induced by acetic acid was determined over the subsequent 20 min. Results: All investigated drugs supplied a decrease in writhing in rats. Meloxicam and caffeine showed peripheral analgesic activity of 63.6% and 64.5%, respectively (p<0.05). The pharmaceutical combination of meloxicam and caffeine showed analgesic potential of 76.4%. Thus, caffeine potentiates the analgesic activity of meloxicam. The results exceeded the corresponding value of diclofenac sodium (67.3%). Conclusion: Experimental results clearly indicates that caffeine effectively enhances the peripheral analgesic action of meloxicam when combined in a pharmaceutical composition. These results can serve as a basis for the development of new domestic combined drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epilepsy is a disease that occur with abnormal discharge of brain neurons. Energy drinks use ise common in young people nowadays and that can trigger epileptic seizure. Taurine and caffeine as intense ingredients are being hold responsible of abnormal discharge. In this case we review relationship between seizures and energy drink with two cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Oxidative stress is one of the major causes of embryonal developmental disorders. In addition, melatonin reduces oxidative stress in the body and is known as a potential treatment for adverse effects of caffeine on fetal development. In this study, we aimed to investigate the teratogenic effect of caffeine on fetal kidney development and the protection of melatonin against the teratogenicity in terms of biochemical parameters. Methods: 5-7 months old Wistar-Albino rats (n=24) weighing 180-220 g were divided into seven groups for control, caffeine, melatonin, and caffeine+melatonin (co-injection). Control group: Serum physiological (SF) as 1 mL/kg intraperitoneal (i.p.), Sham group: 0.1 ml hanks as i.p., Low dose caffeine group: 30 mg/kg caffeine as gavage, Low dose caffeine+melatonin group: 30 mg/kg dose gavage with 10 mg/kg melatonin as i.p., High dose caffeine group: 60 mg/kg caffeine as gavage, High dose caffeine+melatonin group: 60 mg/kg dose gavage with 10 mg/kg melatonin as i.p., and Melatonin group: 10 mg/kg melatonin as i.p. Results: Total antioxidant status (TAS) values were 0.49±0.02 in the control group and 0.14±0.00 in the high dose caffeine group. In addition, total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), glutathione (GSH), glutathione disulfide (GSSG), superoxide dismutase (SOD), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), calcium (Ca), vitamin D and GSH/GSSG levels were examined (p<0.001). Conclusion: Melatonin has shown that caffeine has an essential role in reducing teratogenic effects and also reducing oxidative stress. Therefore, melatonin is a potential treatment for oxidative stress and caffeine teratogenicity in embryonic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Latar belakang. Apne berulang sering terjadi pada bayi prematur. Kejadian ini dapat menimbulkan hipoksemia dan bradikardi , bila keadaannya semakin memburuk maka membutuhkan resusitasi dengan ventilasi tekanan positif. Obat golongan metilxantin (kafein dan teofilin) telah digunakan untuk mencegah apne. Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui efek dan keamanan kafein dibandingkan teofilin pada bayi preamtur dengan periodik apne. Metode. Penelusuran pustaka database elektronik : Pubmed, Cochrane, dan Highwire Hasil. Hasil telaah sistematis menunjukkan kejadian takikardia dan intoleransi minum lebih sedikit pada kelompok kafein dengan Relative Risk (RR) 0,17; 95 % Interval kepercayaan (IK) 0,04, 0,72; risk difference (RD) -0,29; 95 % IK -0,47, - 0,10. Studi klinis acak mendapatkan Tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara dosis pemberian kafein dan aminofilin pada konsentrasi plasma keduanya, kecuali pada kelompok kafein pada hari tertentu. Kesimpulan. Aminofilin dan kafein memiliki efektivitas yang sama dalam mengatasi apne pada bayi prematur. Efek toksisitas kafein lebih rendah dibandingkan aminofilin.

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh perlunya melakukan pengembangan lembar kerja berbasis inkuiri pada materi praktikum Kimia Organik yaitu analisis kafein dalam minuman. Bahan baku minuman mengandung kafein yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah biji cokelat, biji kopi, dan daun teh. Metode penelitian ini adalah Research and Development yang terdiri dari dua tahap yaitu perencanaan dan pengembangan. Pada tahap perencanaan dihasilkan prosedur analisis kafein secara kualitatif dengan metode Parry, pemisahan senyawa kafein dan analisis kuantitatif dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Pada tahap pengembangan dihasilkan lembar kerja berbasis inkuiri diturunkan dari prosedur analisis kafein yang telah dilakukan di Laboratorium. Lembar kerja inkuiri hasil pengembangan ini memiliki karakteristik yaitu adanya wacana, pertanyaan dan tugas yang mendorong kegiatan berinkuiri serta dilengkapi dengan rubrik penilaian untuk mengukur proses dan produk yang dihasilkan oleh peserta didik. Lembar kerja berbasis inkuiri pada analisis kafein dari berbagai bahan baku minuman dinyatakan layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran dengan nilai rata-rata rhitung 0,8. Hasil analisis kafein dari berbagai bahan baku minuman menunjukkan kondisi optimum proses ekstraksi dicapai dengan menggunakan pelarut kloroform yaitu biji kopi memiliki kadar kafein tertinggi dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 1,007%. Dengan demikian, lembar kerja berbasis inkuiri dapat digunakan dalam praktikum Kimia Organik khususnya pada materi pemisahan senyawa organik kafein.

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Forensic Medicine & Forensic Sciences / Türkiye Klinikleri Adli Tıp ve Adli Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dokuz Eylul University Muhendislik Faculty of Engineering Journal of Science & Engineering / Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi is the property of Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Muhendislik Fakultesi Fen ve Muhendislik Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

(Ulasan Ilmiah : Mutu Cita Rasa Kopi Arabika Gayo dari Buah hingga Kopi Beras) ABSTRACT. Arabica coffee as primary commodity attracts intensive study over the years in the whole coffee sectors. This review aims to compile relevant information related to coffee botany and its production, fermentation as post-harvest process as well as the impacts of its sensory quality and composition. Many researchers prior to acknowledge that the coffee holistic production, where started from breeding to brewing ultimately affects coffee quality as beverage. Future trends attempt to determine the impact of climate change on coffee quality, processing techniques of coffee waste as well as isolation active components which impact sensory quality.

Hayatımızda önemli yeri olan evcil hayvanlarımızın kek, kurabiye gibi ürünleri çok sevmeleri, bu ürünlerin içerisinde bulunan çikolata ile zehirlenmelerine neden olmaktadır. Zehirlenme vakaları özellikle insanların çikolatayı fazla tükettikleri özel günlerde (bayramlar, yılbaşı ve sevgililer günü gibi) daha da artmaktadır. Bugünlerde hayvan sahipleri daha dikkatli olmalı ve olası zehirlenmelere karşı önlem almalıdırlar. Hayvanlarımız için tehlike kaynağı olması sebebiyle çikolata hakkında bilgi sahibi olmak hayvan sahipleri açısından önemlidir. Bu derlemede çikolatada zehirlenmeye neden olan önemli etkin maddeler, etki şekli, doku ve organlar üzerine etkisi, zehirleme miktarı, zehirlilik belirtileri ve sağaltımı hakkında kısaca bilgi verilecektir

Objectives: Nail plates have a structure that prevents transungual delivery of active agents. This situation makes it difficult to treat nail diseases. Materials and Methods: In this study, CF-loaded liposome and ethosome formulations were prepared for ungual application. Formulations were characterized by size, microscopic observation, pH, and entrapment efficiency measurements. The effects of formulations and experimental conditions on nails were tested with characterization of nails before and after ex vivo permeation experiments. Results: Microscopic observation confirmed the presence of spherical-structured vesicles. The particle sizes of vesicles were found as 545.3±0.121 nm, 610.2±0.943 nm, 349.5±0.145 nm and 337.9±0.088 nm for liposomes (FI-FII) and ethosomes (FIII-FIV), respectively. The polydispersity index of particles was found under 0.5, and the pH of formulations was around 7. The encapsulation efficiency was found low due to the hydrophilic character of CF. Nail characterization studies showed that the experimental conditions had an effect on the nail plate. Conclusion: The cumulative amount of drug after ex vivo permeation studies was found higher for ethosomes than for liposomes. The results confirm that liposomal systems could be promising systems for ungual drug delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of SPORMETRE: The Journal of Physical Education & Sport Sciences / Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of SPORMETRE: The Journal of Physical Education & Sport Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of SPORMETRE: The Journal of Physical Education & Sport Sciences / Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of SPORMETRE: The Journal of Physical Education & Sport Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Anticellulite topical gel preparation with caffeine as an active ingredient needs a penetration enhancer to reach subcutaneous layer. Sodium hyaluronate (NaHA), the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, is a hydrophilic polysaccharide derivative polymer. It has an ability to enhance percutaneous penetration by loosening the dense of the compact substance of stratum corneum. The aim of this research was to observe the effects of NaHA on caffeine penetration as an anticellulite active agent in three types of gel preparation: hydrogel, hydroalcoholic gel, and gel emulsion. Each gel type contained caffeine 1,5% and was varied into three formulas. Formula 1 contained HPMC 2% as gel basis; formula 2 contained HPMC 2% and NaHA 0,5% as gel basis; formula 3 contained NaHA 2% as gel basis. Caffeine penetration properties were analyzed by Franz diffusion cell in vitro test using rat skin as membrane. Percent caffeine penetration of hydrogel formula 1, 2, 3 were 9,41 ± 0,01%; 11,74 ± 0,13%; 16,32 ± 0,03%, respectively. Percent caffeine penetration of hydroalcoholic gel formula 1, 2, 3 were 19,54 ± 0,02%; 22,99 ± 0,23%; 7,42 ± 0,08%, respectively. Percent caffeine penetration of gel emulsion formula 1, 2, 3 were 10,47 ± 0,19%; 13,41 ± 0,12%; 18,42 ± 0,06%, respectively. The result showed that NaHA enhanced the caffeine percutaneous penetration properties in various gel preparations, except hidroalkoholic gel formula 3.

Subcutaneous fat occurs almost universally over the body surface between the skin and the deep fascia. Initially considered as simply a storage organ for triacylglycerol, interest in the biology of adipose tissue has increased substantially. The hypodermis protects the skin and allows for its mobility over underlying structures and also it is metabolically dynamic that serves as an endocrine organ capable of synthesizing a number of biologically active compounds that regulate metabolic homeostasis. Another function of adipose tissue is to control energy intake and appetite by effecting hypothalamus via secreting molecules such as leptin. Numerous studies described the beneficial effects of caffeine on energy expenditure. Cosmetic use of topical caffeine is also of interest as this agent is included in anti-cellulite and anti-aging creams. This article reviews the topical and systemic effects of caffeine on adipose tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]