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1. A multi-laboratory benchmark study of isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) using Ca2+ and Mg2+ binding to EDTA

Author

Huaying Zhao, Adrián Velázquez-Campoy, Di Wu, Eric Ennifar, Shih Chia Tso, Jonas Höring, Louis Bourlon, Grzegorz Piszczek, Chad A. Brautigam, Olga Abian, Sandro Keller, Patrick England, Rafael Claveria-Gimeno, Bárbara Claro, Jonathan B. Chaires, Margarida Bastos, Peter Schuck, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Educación y Cultura (España), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, European Commission, Diputación General de Aragón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (España), National Institutes of Health (US), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (US), Ministério da Saúde (Portugal), Universidade do Porto (Portugal), University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón [Zaragoza] (IIS Aragón), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área temática de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Liver Unit, Clínica Universitaria, CIBER-EHD, Fundación Agencia Aragonesa para la Investigación y el Desarrollo (ARAID), Universidade do Porto, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud [Zaragoza] (IACS), Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TU Kaiserslautern), Biophysique Moléculaire (plateforme) - Molecular Biophysics (platform), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (ARN), Institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Louisville, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center [Dallas], Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], BioTechMed-Graz, Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]-Medical University Graz, M.B. acknowledges the financial support from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal, together with FEDER through 'Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização' (POCI), by COMPETE2020 to Projects POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030579 and UIDB/00081/2020. A.V.C. and O.A. acknowledge financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and European ERDF Funds (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, EU) (BFU2013-47064-P and BFU2016-78232-P to A.V.C.), the Spanish Ministry of Education and Culture (FPU13/3870 to R.C.G.), Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and European Union (ERDF/ESF, 'Investing in your future') (PI15/00663 and PI18/00349 to O.A.), Diputación General de Aragón (Protein Targets and Bioactive Compounds Group E45_20R to A.V.C. and Digestive Pathology Group B25_20R to O.A.) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd). JBC was supported by NIH Grant GM077422. This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health. MB gratefully acknowledges the support of Frederico Silva of the Biochemical and Biophysical Technologies Scientific Platform of the Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, I3S, Universidade do Porto. We all thank COST Action CA15126, Working Group 4, for the support to this study., Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz-Medical University Graz, University of Graz, and Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-University of Graz-Medical University Graz

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, 030103 biophysics, Data treatment, Sample preparation, Biophysics, Standard reaction, computer.software_genre, Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC), Standard deviation, Set (abstract data type), 03 medical and health sciences, Software, Benchmark study, Ligand-binding, Mathematics, Protocol (science), business.industry, Isothermal titration calorimetry, General Medicine, 3. Good health, [SDV.BBM.BP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biophysics, 030104 developmental biology, Benchmark (computing), Data mining, business, computer
Abstract

23 pags., 11 figs., 14 tabs., A small-scale ITC benchmarking study was performed involving 9 biophysics laboratories/facilities, to evaluate inter-laboratory and intra-laboratory basal levels of uncertainty. Our prime goal was to assess a number of important factors that can influence both the data gathered by this technique and the thermodynamic parameter values derived therefrom. In its first part, the study involved 5 laboratories and 13 different instruments, working with centrally prepared samples and the same experimental protocol. The second part involved 4 additional laboratories and 6 more instruments, where the users prepared their own samples according to provided instructions and did the experiments following the same protocol as in the first part. The study design comprised: (1) selecting a minimal set of laboratories; (2) providing very stable samples; (3) providing samples not requiring preparation or manipulation; and (4) providing a well-defined and detailed experimental protocol. Thus, we were able to assess: (i) the variability due to instrument and data analysis performed by each user on centrally prepared samples; (ii) the comparability of data retrieved when using 4 different software packages to analyze the same data, besides the data analysis carried out by the different users on their own experimental results; and (iii) the variability due to local sample preparation (second part of the study). Individual values, as well as averages and standard deviations for the binding parameters for EDTA-cation interaction, were used as metrics for comparing the equilibrium association constant (logK), enthalpy of interaction (ΔH), and the so-called “stoichiometry” (n), a concentration-correction factor., M.B. acknowledges the fnancial support from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal, together with FEDER through “Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização” (POCI), by COMPETE2020 to Projects POCI-01-0145- FEDER-030579 and UIDB/00081/2020. A.V.C. and O.A. acknowledge fnancial support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and European ERDF Funds (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, EU) (BFU2013-47064-P and BFU2016-78232-P to A.V.C.), the Spanish Ministry of Education and Culture (FPU13/3870 to R.C.G.), Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and European Union (ERDF/ESF, “Investing in your future”) (PI15/00663 and PI18/00349 to O.A.), Diputación General de Aragón (Protein Targets and Bioactive Compounds Group E45_20R to A.V.C. and Digestive Pathology Group B25_20R to O.A.) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd). JBC was supported by NIH Grant GM077422. This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health. MB gratefully acknowledges the support of Frederico Silva of the Biochemical and Biophysical Technologies Scientifc Platform of the Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, I3S, Universidade do Porto. We all thank COST Action CA15126, Working Group 4, for the support to this study

Published
2021
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2. SYNERGISTIC ON AUXIN AND CYTOKININ 1 positively regulates growth and attenuates soil pathogen resistance

Author

Hana Semerádová, Grégory Mouille, Freia Benade, Rishikesh Bhalearo, Ladislav Dokládal, Andrej Hurný, Jutta Ludwig-Müller, Krisztina Ötvös, András Gorzsás, Ingo Heilmann, Geert De Jaeger, Irene Stenzel, Thomas Rauter, Juan Carlos Montesinos, Jérôme Duclercq, Candela Cuesta, Marçal Gallemí, Eva Sýkorová, Eva Benková, Geert Persiau, Julien Sechet, Nicola Cavallari, Institute of Science and Technology, Departamento de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas, Universidad de Oviedo [Oviedo], Bioresources Unit, Center for Health & Bioresources, Austrian Institute of Technology [Vienna] (AIT)-Austrian Institute of Technology [Vienna] (AIT), Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés - UMR CNRS 7058 (EDYSAN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Institute of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IBP / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS)-Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, CEITEC, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute (RECAMO)-Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute (RECAMO), Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, University of Graz-University of Graz, Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Institute for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg-Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Center for Plant Systems Biology (PSB Center), Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie [Ghent, Belgique] (VIB), Institut für Botanik [Dresden], Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Austrian Science Fund (FWF)FWF01_I1774SGerman Research Foundation (DFG)He3424/6-1People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under REA grant 291734European Commission609398Scientific Service Units of IST-Austria Saclay Plant Sciences-SPS ANR-17-EUR-0007, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Cytokinins, Arabidopsis, Vesicular Transport Proteins, Regulator, Golgi Apparatus, General Physics and Astronomy, PUTATIVE METHYLTRANSFERASE, Plasmodiophorida, Plant Roots, 01 natural sciences, Soil, chemistry.chemical_compound, APICAL HOOK, Arabidopsis-thaliana, Plant Growth Regulators, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Protein trafficking in plants, Auxin, heterocyclic compounds, lcsh:Science, Disease Resistance, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, Regulation of gene expression, Abiotic component, Secretory Pathway, Multidisciplinary, Cell wall, PLANT DEVELOPMENT, food and beverages, Plants, Genetically Modified, Cell biology, B Response Regulators, Cytokinin, PLASMODIOPHORA-BRASSICAE, CYTOKININ RECEPTOR, Chinese-cabbage, Science, Cytokinin Receptor, Plant Development, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Box Protein Tir1, Endosomes, Biology, BOX PROTEIN TIR1, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Putative Methyltransferase, Apical Hook, Biotic, Secretory pathway, Indoleacetic Acids, Arabidopsis Proteins, Gene Expression Profiling, fungi, Botany, Membrane Proteins, Biology and Life Sciences, B RESPONSE REGULATORS, Botanik, General Chemistry, Gene expression profiling, POLLEN-TUBE GROWTH, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, General Biochemistry, ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA, Pollen-tube Growth, lcsh:Q, [INFO.INFO-ET]Computer Science [cs]/Emerging Technologies [cs.ET], CHINESE-CABBAGE, Plasmodiophora-brassicae, Transcriptome, 010606 plant biology & botany, Hormone
Abstract

Plants as non-mobile organisms constantly integrate varying environmental signals to flexibly adapt their growth and development. Local fluctuations in water and nutrient availability, sudden changes in temperature or other abiotic and biotic stresses can trigger changes in the growth of plant organs. Multiple mutually interconnected hormonal signaling cascades act as essential endogenous translators of these exogenous signals in the adaptive responses of plants. Although the molecular backbones of hormone transduction pathways have been identified, the mechanisms underlying their interactions are largely unknown. Here, using genome wide transcriptome profiling we identify an auxin and cytokinin cross-talk component; SYNERGISTIC ON AUXIN AND CYTOKININ 1 (SYAC1), whose expression in roots is strictly dependent on both of these hormonal pathways. We show that SYAC1 is a regulator of secretory pathway, whose enhanced activity interferes with deposition of cell wall components and can fine-tune organ growth and sensitivity to soil pathogens., Cytokinin and auxin are two major hormonal regulators of plant growth. Here the authors identify SYAC1, a gene that is synergistically activated by the two hormones being applied together, and show that it is required for normal growth while negatively impacting pathogen resistance.

Published
2020
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3. Anaerobic microorganisms in astrobiological analogue environments: from field site to culture collection

Author

Felipe Gómez, Elke Rabbow, L. Garcia-Descalzo, Patricia Cabezas, Pauline Vannier, Ricardo Amils, Rüdiger Pukall, Kristina Beblo-Vranesevic, E. Monaghan, Pascale Ehrenfreund, Petra Schwendner, Petra Rettberg, Christine Moissl-Eichinger, Frances Westall, L. Wink, Charles S. Cockell, M. Malki, Maria Bohmeier, F. Gaboyer, A. Perras, Nicolas Walter, Viggó Þór Marteinsson, British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), UK Centre for Astrobiology, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh-University of Edinburgh, DLR Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Köln] (DLR), BioTechMed-Graz, Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Medical University Graz-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], MATIS - Prokaria, Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), European Science Foundation (ESF), and Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]-Medical University Graz

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Meridiani Planum, anaerobic samples, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Mars, Context (language use), Biology, 01 natural sciences, model organisms, Astrobiology, 03 medical and health sciences, HABITABILITY, TERRESTRIAL ANALOGS, HISTORY, 0103 physical sciences, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, media_common.cataloged_instance, Extremophile, GALE CRATER, SUBSURFACE WATER, European union, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, extremophiles, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, media_common, METEORITES, 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA, MERIDIANI-PLANUM, MARS, Mars Exploration Program, Anoxic waters, 030104 developmental biology, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, BACTERIA, Extraterrestrial Environment, ddc:570, Sample collection, analogues, isolation
Abstract

Astrobiology seeks to understand the limits of life and to determine the physiology of organisms in order to better assess the habitability of other worlds. To successfully achieve these goals we require microorganisms from environments on Earth that approximate to extraterrestrial environments in terms of physical and/or chemical conditions. The most challenging of these environments with respect to sample collection, isolation and cultivation of microorganisms are anoxic environments. In this paper, an approach to this challenge was implemented within the European Union's MASE (Mars Analogues for Space Exploration) project. In this review paper, we aim to provide a set of methods for future field work and sampling campaigns. A number of anoxic environment based on characteristics that make them analogous to past and present locations on Mars were selected. They included anoxic sulphur-rich springs (Germany), the salt-rich Boulby Mine (UK), a lake in a basaltic context (Iceland), acidic sediments in the Rio Tinto (Spain), glacier samples (Austria) and permafrost samples (Russia and Canada). Samples were collected under strict anoxic conditions to be used for cultivation and genomic community analysis. Using the samples, a culturing approach was implemented to enrich anaerobic organisms using a defined medium that would allow for organisms to be grown under identical conditions in future physiological comparisons. Anaerobic microorganisms were isolated and deposited with the DSMZ (Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH) culture collection to make them available to other scientists. In MASE, the selected organisms are studied with respect to survival and growth under Mars relevant stresses. They are artificially fossilized and the resulting biosignatures studied and used to investigate the efficacy of life detection instrumentation for planetary missions. Some of the organisms belong to genera with medical and environmental importance such asYersiniaspp., illustrating how astrobiology field research can be used to increase the availability of microbial isolates for applied terrestrial purposes.

Published
2017
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4. The Smithian-Spathian boundary: a critical juncture in the Early Triassic recovery of marine ecosystems

Author

Thomas J. Algeo, Arnaud Brayard, Sylvain Richoz, Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati (UC), State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources [Wuhan] (GPMR), China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Department of Geology [Lund], Lund University [Lund], Institute of Earth Sciences, NAWI Graz-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]-NAWI Graz

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Early Triassic, Boundary (topology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Marine ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Juncture
Abstract

6 pages; International audience

Published
2019
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5. International consensus conference on stool banking for faecal microbiota transplantation in clinical practice

Author

Max Nieuwdorp, Colleen R. Kelly, Gianluca Ianiro, Luca Masucci, Dina Kao, E.M. Terveer, Patrizia Kump, Maria J G T Vehreschild, Ailsa Hart, Antonio Gasbarrini, Franco Scaldaferri, Antonio López-Sanromán, Benjamin H. Mullish, Reetta Satokari, Juozas Kupcinskas, Zain Kassam, Josbert J. Keller, Stacy A. Kahn, Lorenza Putignani, Giovanni Cammarota, Perttu Arkkila, Jessica R. Allegretti, Herbert Tilg, Loris Riccardo Lopetuso, Ed J. Kuijper, Monika Fischer, Samuel P Costello, Harry Sokol, Cristina Pintus, Experimental Vascular Medicine, Vascular Medicine, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, AGEM - Digestive immunity, AGEM - Endocrinology, metabolism and nutrition, Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Day Hospital of Gastroenterology and Intestinal Microbiota Transplantation, Fondazione Policlinico A Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Medicine-Catholic University of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Biochemistry and Synthetic Metabolism, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London-Imperial College London, Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Microbiome Informatics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), OpenBiome, Parasitology Unit and Human Microbiome Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù [Roma], Department of Medicine, Indiana State University, Department of Gastroenterologyand Hepatology, Haaglanden Medical Center, National Donor Feces Bank, Department of Gastroenterology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of South Australia [Adelaide]-University of South Australia [Adelaide], CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), French Group of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital-Boston Children's Hospital, University of Alberta-University of Alberta, Department of Clinic of Gastroenterology, University of Helsinki, Department of Medical Microbiology, LeidenUniversity Medical Centre, Department I of Internal Medicine, German Centre for Infection Research, University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne]-University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne], Tissues and Cells Area, Italian National Transplant Center, Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Microbiology, VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Partenaires INRAE-Partenaires INRAE, Institute for Digestive Research, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of health Sciences-Lithuanian University of health Sciences-Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of health Sciences-Lithuanian University of health Sciences, St Mark's Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Innsbruck Medical University [Austria] (IMU), Catholic University of Rome, Line D-1, Service de Gastroenterologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université, University of Graz-University of Graz, Reetta Maria Satokari / Principal Investigator, HUMI - Human Microbiome Research, HUS Abdominal Center, University Management, Gastroenterologian yksikkö, Clinicum, and Internal medicine

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Delphi method, Donor Feces, Frozen, 0302 clinical medicine, stool bank, Medicine, Gastroenterology, Consensus conference, fecal microbiota transplantation, Metaanalysis, 3. Good health, Clinical Practice, Editorial, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Medical emergency, Recurrent, guideline, Consensus, Efficacy, Settore MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGIA, Faecal microbiota transplantation, Donor Selection, Specimen Handling, 03 medical and health sciences, microbiota, Humans, Organ donation, Active Ulcerative-colitis, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, business.industry, 1103 Clinical Sciences, [SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, Guideline, Clostridium difficile, medicine.disease, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, 030104 developmental biology, Workflow, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Intestinal Microbiota, Insulin Sensitivity, Organ Donation, clostridioides difficile, Clostridium Infections, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, 1114 Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, business, Clostridium-difficile Infection, Clostridioides
Abstract

Although faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has a well-established role in the treatment of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), its widespread dissemination is limited by several obstacles, including lack of dedicated centres, difficulties with donor recruitment and complexities related to regulation and safety monitoring. Given the considerable burden of CDI on global healthcare systems, FMT should be widely available to most centres.Stool banks may guarantee reliable, timely and equitable access to FMT for patients and a traceable workflow that ensures safety and quality of procedures. In this consensus project, FMT experts from Europe, North America and Australia gathered and released statements on the following issues related to the stool banking: general principles, objectives and organisation of the stool bank; selection and screening of donors; collection, preparation and storage of faeces; services and clients; registries, monitoring of outcomes and ethical issues; and the evolving role of FMT in clinical practice,Consensus on each statement was achieved through a Delphi process and then in a plenary face-to-face meeting. For each key issue, the best available evidence was assessed, with the aim of providing guidance for the development of stool banks in order to promote accessibility to FMT in clinical practice.

Published
2019
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6. Lack of correlation of desiccation and radiation tolerance in microorganisms from diverse extreme environments tested under anoxic conditions

Author

Viggó Thór Marteinsson, F. Gaboyer, Nicolas Walter, M. Malki, L. Garcia-Descalzo, Pauline Vannier, Kristina Beblo-Vranesevic, E. Monaghan, Ricardo Amils, Patricia Cabezas, Elke Rabbow, Felipe Gómez, Frances Westall, Petra Rettberg, Maria Bohmeier, Pascale Ehrenfreund, Christine Moissl-Eichinger, Charles S. Cockell, A. Perras, Petra Schwendner, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Köln] (DLR), Medical University Graz, Universität Regensburg (UR), UK Centre for Astrobiology, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh-University of Edinburgh, BioTechMed-Graz, Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]-Medical University Graz, MATIS - Prokaria, University of Iceland [Reykjavik], Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Space Policy Institute [Washington], The George Washington University (GW), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa [Madrid] (CBMSO), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), European Science Foundation (ESF), Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Medical University Graz-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Matvæla- og næringarfræðideild (HÍ), Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition (UI), Heilbrigðisvísindasvið (HÍ), School of Health Sciences (UI), Háskóli Íslands, and University of Iceland

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Ionizing, Örverur, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Microbial metabolism, Microorganisms, Adaptation, Biological, Biology, Bacterial Physiological Phenomena, Microbiology, Radiation Tolerance, survival, Desiccation tolerance, 03 medical and health sciences, Strahlenbiologie, desiccation, Radiation, Ionizing, Botany, Genetics, Research Letter, Environmental Microbiology, Extreme environment, extreme environment, Desiccation, Hypoxia, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Facultative, Radiation, Microbial Viability, Obligate, Bacteria, Extreme environments, anaerobes, Anoxic waters, Radiation tolerance, radiation, 030104 developmental biology, correlation, Gerlar, Geislun, Anaerobic bacteria, Extreme Environments
Abstract

Publisher's version (útgefin grein), Four facultative anaerobic and two obligate anaerobic bacteria were isolated from extreme environments (deep subsurface halite mine, sulfidic anoxic spring, mineral-rich river) in the frame MASE (Mars Analogues for Space Exploration) project. The isolates were investigated under anoxic conditions for their survivability after desiccation up to 6 months and their tolerance to ionizing radiation up to 3000 Gy. The results indicated that tolerances to both stresses are strain-specific features. Yersinia intermedia MASE-LG-1 showed a high desiccation tolerance but its radiation tolerance was very low. The most radiation-tolerant strains were Buttiauxella sp. MASE-IM-9 and Halanaerobium sp. MASE-BB-1. In both cases, cultivable cells were detectable after an exposure to 3 kGy of ionizing radiation, but cells only survived desiccation for 90 and 30 days, respectively. Although a correlation between desiccation and ionizing radiation resistance has been hypothesized for some aerobic microorganisms, our data showed that there was no correlation between tolerance to desiccation and ionizing radiation, suggesting that the physiological basis of both forms of tolerances is not necessarily linked. In addition, these results indicated that facultative and obligate anaerobic organisms living in extreme environments possess varied species-specific tolerances to extremes, This work was supported by European Community's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) [grant agreement no. 607297].

Published
2018
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7. Coulomb correlations in 4d and 5d oxides from first principles—or how spin–orbit materials choose their effective orbital degeneracies

Author

Martins, Cyril, Aichhorn, Markus, Biermann, Silke, Systèmes étendus et magnétisme (LCPQ) (SEM), Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (LCPQ), Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Department of Theoretical Physics [Graz], Institute of Physics [Graz], Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau] (CPHT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse)

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Strongly Correlated Electrons [cond-mat.str-el], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

The interplay of spin-orbit interactions and Coulomb correlations has become a hot topic in condensed matter theory. Here, we review recent advances in dynamical mean-field theory-based electronic structure calculations for iridates and rhodates. We stress the notion of the effective degeneracy of the compounds, which introduces an additional axis into the conventional picture of a phase diagram based on filling and on the ratio of interactions to bandwidth., 45 pages, 9 figures in \Psi_k Scientific Highlight Of The Month 132 (Novembre 2016)

Published
2017
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8. Mineralization and Preservation of an extremotolerant Bacterium Isolated from an Early Mars Analog Environment

Author

Gaboyer, F., Le Milbeau, C., Bohmeier, M., Schwendner, P., Vannier, P., Beblo-Vranesevic, K., Rabbow, E., Foucher, F., Gautret, P., Guégan, R., Richard, A., Sauldubois, A., Richmann, P., Perras, A. K., Moissl-Eichinger, C., Cockell, C. S., Rettberg, P., Marteinsson, Monaghan, E., Ehrenfreund, P., Garcia-Descalzo, L., Gomez, F., Malki, M., Amils, R., Cabezas, P., Walter, N., Westall, F., Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), DLR Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Köln] (DLR), UK Centre for Astrobiology, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh-University of Edinburgh, MATIS - Prokaria, Centre de Microscopie Electronique, Université d'Orléans (UO), Universität Regensburg (UR), BioTechMed-Graz, Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]-Medical University Graz, Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), European Science Foundation (ESF), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz-Medical University Graz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), POTHIER, Nathalie, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), and Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Medical University Graz-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]

Subjects
EXTREMOPHILIC ARCHAEA, Science, EXPERIMENTAL SILICIFICATION, MERIDIANI-PLANUM, Mars, BLUE-GREEN-ALGAE, Article, EXPERIMENTAL DIAGENESIS, [SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], Strahlenbiologie, RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], EXPERIMENTAL FOSSILIZATION, MASE project (Mars Analogue for Space Exploration), Medicine, ARCHEAN CHERTS, MOLECULAR PRESERVATION, ATACAMA DESERT
Abstract

International audience; The artificial mineralization of a polyresistant bacterial strain isolated from an acidic, oligotrophic lake was carried out to better understand microbial (i) early mineralization and (ii) potential for further fossilisation. Mineralization was conducted in mineral matrixes commonly found on Mars and Early-Earth, silica and gypsum, for 6 months. Samples were analyzed using microbiological (survival rates), morphological (electron microscopy), biochemical (GC-MS, Microarray immunoassay, Rock-Eval) and spectroscopic (EDX, FTIR, RAMAN spectroscopy) methods. We also investigated the impact of physiological status on mineralization and long-term fossilisation by exposing cells or not to Mars-related stresses (desiccation and radiation). Bacterial populations remained viable after 6 months although the kinetics of mineralization and cell-mineral interactions depended on the nature of minerals. Detection of biosignatures strongly depended on analytical methods, successful with FTIR and EDX but not with RAMAN and immunoassays. Neither influence of stress exposure, nor qualitative and quantitative changes of detected molecules were observed as a function of mineralization time and matrix. Rock-Eval analysis suggests that potential for preservation on geological times may be possible only with moderate diagenetic and metamorphic conditions. The implications of our results for microfossil preservation in the geological record of Earth as well as on Mars are discussed. Redrawing the history of early life on Earth requires being able to assess if microstructures present in the oldest terrestrial rocks are of biological origin or not. Such assessments are still very challenging mainly due to the degradation of microbial remains during diagenesis and to microbial-like morphologies abiotically produced. Several Archaean rocks could nevertheless be described as ancient unambiguous biological systems, representative of the early-Earth fossil record, like strata of South Africa and Australia containing evidence of phototrophic 1–6 and heterotrophic microbial. To better understand the processes leading to microfossil formation and preservation, artificial mineralization of microorganisms, also called fossilisation, was first undertaken by Oehler and Schopf with the silicification of

Published
2017
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9. Sugar versus fat: elimination of glycogen storage improves lipid accumulation in Yarrowia lipolytica

Author

Bhutada, G, Kavscek, M, Ledesma-Amaro, R, Thomas, S, Rechberger, GN, Nicaud, J-M, Natter, K, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, BioTechMed-Graz, Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz-Medical University Graz, Austrian Science Fund, FWF (Translational Research Programme) [TRP 240-B21], European Project: 267196,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2010-COFUND,AGREENSKILLS(2012), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], and Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Medical University Graz-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]

Subjects
Science & Technology, GENE DISRUPTION, IDENTIFICATION, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE, storage metabolism, Mycology, YEAST SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE, METABOLISM, 06 Biological Sciences, Microbiology, 09 Engineering, oleaginous yeast, GLUCOSE, CARBON, Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology, MUTANTS, glycogen synthase, 10 Technology, OLEAGINOUS YEASTS, MALIC ENZYME, triacylglycerol, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract

International audience; Triacylglycerol (TAG) and glycogen are the two major metabolites for carbon storage in most eukaryotic organisms. We investigated the glycogen metabolism of the oleaginous Yarrowia lipolytica and found that this yeast accumulates up to 16% glycogen in its biomass. Assuming that elimination of glycogen synthesis would result in an improvement of lipid accumulation, we characterized and deleted the single gene coding for glycogen synthase, YlGSY1. The mutant was grown under lipogenic conditions with glucose and glycerol as substrates and we obtained up to 60% improvement in TAG accumulation compared to the wild-type strain. Additionally, YlGSY1 was deleted in a background that was already engineered for high lipid accumulation. In this obese background, TAG accumulation was also further increased. The highest lipid content of 52% was found after 3 days of cultivation in nitrogen-limited glycerol medium. Furthermore, we constructed mutants of Y. lipolytica and Saccharomyces cerevisiae that are deleted for both glycogen and TAG synthesis, demonstrating that the ability to store carbon is not essential. Overall, this work showed that glycogen synthesis is a competing pathway for TAG accumulation in oleaginous yeasts and that deletion of the glycogen synthase has beneficial effects on neutral lipid storage.

Published
2017
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10. Acyl-CoA-Binding Protein Is a Lipogenic Factor that Triggers Food Intake and Obesity

Author

Nektarios Tavernarakis, Mireia Niso-Santano, Lorenzo Galluzzi, Violeta Raverdy, Friedemann Loos, Guido Kroemer, François Pattou, Céline Cruciani-Guglielmacci, Patricia Boya, Justine Lallement, Frank Madeo, Jessica Denom, Ignacio Ramírez-Pardo, Karine Clément, Christophe Magnan, Isabelle Martins, Sylvère Durand, Raphaël G. P. Denis, Noélie Bossut, Maria Chiara Maiuri, Véronique Pelloux, Robert Caiazzo, Valentina Sica, Erwan Boedec, Alili Rohia, Stéphanie Migrenne-Li, José Manuel Bravo-San Pedro, Jonathan Pol, Nicolas Ramoz, Fernando Aranda, Philip Gorwood, Gerasimos Anagnostopoulos, Fanny Aprahamian, Carlos López-Otín, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Université Paris-Saclay, Centro de Investigacion Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA (UMR_8251 / U1133)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI (UMR_S_1149 / ERL_8252 / U1149)), Clinique des maladies mentales et de l'encéphale (CMME - Service de psychiatrie), Hôpital Sainte-Anne-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Nutrition et obésités: approches systémiques (nutriomics) (UMR-S 1269 INSERM - Sorbonne Université), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases - UMR 8199 - UMR 1283 (GI3M), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Apoptose, cancer et immunité (U848), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Weill Medical College of Cornell University [New York], Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center [New-York], Yale University School of Medicine, BioTechMed-Graz, Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Medical University Graz-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB-FORTH), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Universidad de Oviedo [Oviedo], Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), University of Science & Technology of China [Suzhou], Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], The authors thank CRC Core Facilities (CGB, CHIC, and CEF). G.K. is supported by the Ligue Contre le Cancer (équipe labelisée), Agence National de la Recherche (ANR) – projets blancs, Cancéropôle Île-de-France, Chancelerie Des universités de Paris (Legs Poix), the European Research Council (ERC), Inserm Transfert, Fondation Carrefour, Institut National du Cancer (INCa), Inserm (HTE), Institut Universitaire de France, Leducq Foundation, the Labex immuno-Oncology, the RHU Torino Lumière, the Seattle Foundation, and the SIRICs SOCRATE and CARPEM. C.M. and C.C.-G. are supported by Agence National de la Recherche (ANR-16-CE14-0026, fat4brain proposal), C.L.-O. is supported by 'Juan de Madariaga fellowship', S.B. is supported by the Swedish Research Council Vetenskapsrådet (2015-05468) and the Austrian Science Fund FWF (P27183-B24), and F.M. is supported by the Austrian Science Fund FWF (grants P23490-B20, P29262, P24381, P29203, and P27893), DKplus Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (W1226), Austrian Science Ministry, Karl Franzens University ('Unkonventionelle Forschung' and 'flysleep'), NAWI Graz, and BioTechMed-Graz flagship project 'EPIAge.' K.C. is supported by ANR MICRO-Obes and AP/HP (PHRC Microbaria). L.G. is supported by an intramural startup from the Department of Radiation Oncology of Weill Cornell Medical College (New York, US) and by Sotio a.c. (Prague, Czech Republic)., The authors thank PreclinICAN (Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, IHU-ICAN, Paris, France) and 'Plateforme Imageries du Vivant' INSERM UMR 970 (PARCC-HEGP) for analyses of mouse whole-body composition and Functional & Physiological Exploration Platform (FPE) of the Unit 'Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative' (University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR 8251 CNRS, Paris, France) for metabolic analyses., Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer (France), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Chancellerie des Universités de Paris, European Research Council, Institut National du Cancer (France), Fondation Leducq, Swedish Research Council, Austrian Science Fund, Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy (Austria), Bravo-San-Pedro, José Manuel [0000-0002-5781-1133], Sica, Valentina [0000-0003-2770-5847], Martins, Isabelle [0000-0003-0885-613X], Pol, Jonathan G. [0000-0002-8355-7562], Loos, Friedemann [0000-0002-5976-5978], Maiuri, Maria Chiara [0000-0001-9760-7674], Niso-Santano, Mireia [0000-0002-6506-422X], Aranda, Fernando [0000-0002-9364-474X], Gorwood, Philip [0000-0003-1845-3676], Ramoz, Nicolas [0000-0002-8070-9938], Cleḿent, Karine [0000-0002-2489-3355], Pelloux, Véronique [0000-0003-3630-4746], Raverdy, Violeta [0000-0001-5754-2028], Denis, Raphaël G.P. [0000-0002-7677-7460], Boya, Patricia [0000-0003-3045-951X], Galluzzi, Lorenzo [0000-0003-2257-8500 ], Madeo, Frank [0000-0002-5070-1329], Cruciani-Guglielmacci, Céline [0000-0002-2562-5360], Tavernarakis, Nektarios [0000-0002-5253-1466 ], López-Otín, Carlos [0000-0001-6964-1904], Magnan, Christophe [0000-0002-7044-2571], Kroemer, Guido [0000-0002-9334-4405], CCSD, Accord Elsevier, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Nutrition et obésités: approches systémiques (UMR-S 1269) (Nutriomics), Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases - UMR 8199 - UMR 1283 (EGENODIA (GI3M)), Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz-Medical University Graz, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), ANR-16-CE14-0026,Fat4Brain,Le métabolisme des lipides dans le cerveau est un regulateur essentiel de l'homéostasie énergétique(2016), Bravo-San Pedro, J. M., Sica, V., Martins, I., Pol, J., Loos, F., Maiuri, M. C., Durand, S., Bossut, N., Aprahamian, F., Anagnostopoulos, G., Niso-Santano, M., Aranda, F., Ramirez-Pardo, I., Lallement, J., Denom, J., Boedec, E., Gorwood, P., Ramoz, N., Clement, K., Pelloux, V., Rohia, A., Pattou, F., Raverdy, V., Caiazzo, R., Denis, R. G. P., Boya, P., Galluzzi, L., Madeo, F., Migrenne-Li, S., Cruciani-Guglielmacci, C., Tavernarakis, N., Lopez-Otin, C., Magnan, C., Kroemer, G., Bravo-San-Pedro, José Manuel, Sica, Valentina, Martins, Isabelle, Pol, Jonathan G., Loos, Friedemann, Maiuri, Maria Chiara, Niso-Santano, Mireia, Aranda, Fernando, Gorwood, Philip, Ramoz, Nicolas, Cleḿent, Karine, Pelloux, Véronique, Raverdy, Violeta, Denis, Raphaël G.P., Boya, Patricia, Galluzzi, Lorenzo, Madeo, Frank, Cruciani-Guglielmacci, Céline, Tavernarakis, Nektarios, López-Otín, Carlos, Magnan, Christophe, and Kroemer, Guido

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, obesity, Anorexia Nervosa, Physiology, Mice, Obese, Weight Gain, Eating, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, lipid metabolism, Acyl-CoA-binding protein, Beta oxidation, media_common, Diazepam Binding Inhibitor, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Leptin Deficiency, Chemistry, Fatty Acids, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Anorexia, 3. Good health, anorexia, Lipogenesis, Female, medicine.symptom, Human, autophagy, medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, Context (language use), Cell Line, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, Macroautophagy, Weight Loss, Autophagy, medicine, Animals, Humans, Obesity, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Animal, Lipogenesi, Appetite, Cell Biology, Weight Lo, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Lipid metabolism, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Fatty Acid, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

24 p.-6 fig.-1 tab.-1 graph. abst., Autophagy facilitates the adaptation to nutritional stress. Here, we show that short-term starvation of cultured cells or mice caused the autophagy-dependent cellular release of acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP, also known as diazepam-binding inhibitor, DBI) and consequent ACBP-mediated feedback inhibition of autophagy. Importantly, ACBP levels were elevated in obese patients and reduced in anorexia nervosa. In mice, systemic injection of ACBP protein inhibited autophagy, induced lipogenesis, reduced glycemia, and stimulated appetite as well as weight gain. We designed three approaches to neutralize ACBP, namely, inducible whole-body knockout, systemic administration of neutralizing antibodies, and induction of antiACBP autoantibodies in mice. ACBP neutralization enhanced autophagy, stimulated fatty acid oxidation, inhibited appetite, reduced weight gain in the context of a high-fat diet or leptin deficiency, and accelerated weight loss in response to dietary changes. In conclusion, neutralization of ACBP might constitute a strategy for treating obesity and its co-morbidities., G.K. is supported by the Ligue Contre le Cancer (équipe labelisée); Agence National de la Recherche (ANR) – projets blancs; Cancéropôle Île-de-France; Chancelerie Des universités de Paris (Legs Poix); the European Research Council (ERC); Inserm Transfert, Fondation Carrefour; Institut National du Cancer (INCa); Inserm (HTE); Institut Universitaire de France; Leducq Foundation; the Labex immuno-Oncology; the RHU Torino Lumière; the Seattle Foundation; and the SIRICs SOCRATE and CARPEM. C.M. and C.C.-G. are supported by Agence National de la Recherche (ANR-16-CE14-0026, fat4brain proposal); C.L.-O. is supported by “Juan de Madariaga fellowship”; S.B. is supported by the Swedish Research Council Vetenskapsrådet (2015-05468) and the Austrian Science Fund FWF (P27183-B24); and F.M. is supported by the Austrian Science Fund FWF (grants P23490-B20, P29262, P24381, P29203, and P27893), DKplus Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (W1226), Austrian Science Ministry, Karl Franzens University (“Unkonventionelle Forschung” and “flysleep”), NAWI Graz, and BioTechMed-Graz flagship project “EPIAge.” K.C. is supported by ANR MICRO-Obes and AP/HP (PHRC Microbaria). L.G. is supported by an intramural startup from the Department of Radiation Oncology of Weill Cornell Medical College (New York, US) and by Sotio a.c. (Prague, Czech Republic).

Published
2019
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11. TRIQS/DFTTools: A TRIQS application for ab initio calculations of correlated materials

Author

Jernej Mravlje, Markus Aichhorn, Leonid Pourovskii, Verónica Vildosola, Olivier Parcollet, Xiaoyu Deng, Manuel Zingl, Gernot J. Kraberger, Priyanka Seth, Oleg E. Peil, Michel Ferrero, Cyril Martins, Department of Theoretical Physics [Graz], Institute of Physics [Graz], Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz-Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau] (CPHT), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collège de France - Chaire Physique de la matière condensée (A. Georges), Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 (IPHT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey [New Brunswick] (RU), Rutgers University System (Rutgers), Jozef Stefan Institute [Ljubljana] (IJS), Systèmes étendus et magnétisme (LCPQ) (SEM), Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (LCPQ), Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), European Project: 617196,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-CoG,CORRELMAT(2014), European Project: 278472,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-StG_20101014,MOTTMETALS(2012), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X), Chaire Physique de la matière condensée (A. Georges), University of Geneva [Switzerland], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse)

Subjects
ab-initio calculations, Computer science, Interface (Java), Ciencias Físicas, Ab initio, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Computational science, WIEN2k, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Ab initio quantum chemistry methods, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Electronic band structure, Strongly-correlated electrons, Basis set, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Wannier function, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Computational physics, Dynamical mean-field theory, Many-body physics, Hardware and Architecture, Density functional theory, 0210 nano-technology, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Física de los Materiales Condensados
Abstract

We present the TRIQS/DFTTools package, an application based on the TRIQS library that connects this toolbox to realistic materials calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). In particular, TRIQS/DFTTools together with TRIQS allows an efficient implementation of DFT plus dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) calculations. It supplies tools and methods to construct Wannier functions and to perform the DMFT self-consistency cycle in this basis set. Post-processing tools, such as band-structure plotting or the calculation of transport properties are also implemented. The package comes with a fully charge self-consistent interface to the Wien2k band structure code, as well as a generic interface that allows to use TRIQS/DFTTools together with a large variety of DFT codes. It is distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPLv3)., Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures, Comp. Phys. Comm. accepted version

Published
2016
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12. Similar behaviors of natural ELF/VLF ionospheric emissions and transmitter signals over seismic Adriatic regions

Author

Ö. Aydogar, Mohammed Y. Boudjada, J. Weingrill, Jan Blecki, G. Stangl, Konrad Schwingenschuh, H. K. Biernat, Manfred Stachel, Michel Parrot, Jean-Jacques Berthelier, Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Department of Theoretical Physics [Graz], Institute of Physics [Graz], Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Centre d'étude des environnements terrestre et planétaires (CETP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences (CBK), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Austrian Federal Office for Metrology and Surveying (BEV), and Austrian Federal Ministry of Economics and Labour

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 0211 other engineering and technologies, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Signal, lcsh:TD1-1066, Physics::Geophysics, Large earthquakes, Spectral analysis, lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:GE1-350, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Transmitter, lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Geophysics, lcsh:Geology, On board, Earth's magnetic field, lcsh:G, 13. Climate action, Physics::Space Physics, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Ionosphere, Seismology, Geology
Abstract

We report on the analysis of ELF/VLF emissions observed by the Instrument Champ Electrique (ICE) experiment onboard the DEMETER micro-satellite. We consider principally selected seismic events reported by Molchanov et al. (2006). These authors studied the VLF signals radiated by ground transmitters and received on board the DEMETER micro-satellite. They revealed a drop of the signals (scattering spot) connected with the occurrence of large earthquakes. In our investigations, we proceed to a spectral analysis of ICE observations with the aim to find if the natural ionospheric VLF/ELF emissions show, or not, a similar ''drop'' in the intensity as it is the case of the VLF transmitter signal. We combine our results with those of Molchanov et al. (2006), and we discuss the origin of such interesting ionospheric features in the frame of the investigation of the pre-seismic electromagnetic emissions. We show that the geomagnetic activity is a key parameter which could disturb the natural VLF ionospheric emissions, and also the transmitter signal. We find that it is not possible to conclude the presence, or not, of a preseismic effect when the Kp-index is higher than one.

Published
2008
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13. Association of polygenic score for major depression with response to lithium in patients with bipolar disorder

Author

Amare, Azmeraw T., Schubert, Klaus Oliver, Hou, Liping, Clark, Scott R., Papiol, Sergi, Cearns, Micah, Heilbronner, Urs, Degenhardt, Franziska, Tekola-Ayele, Fasil, Hsu, Yi Hsiang, Shekhtman, Tatyana, Adli, Mazda, Akula, Nirmala, Akiyama, Kazufumi, Ardau, Raffaella, Arias, Bárbara, Aubry, Jean Michel, Backlund, Lena, Bhattacharjee, Abesh Kumar, Bellivier, Frank, Benabarre, Antonio, Bengesser, Susanne, Biernacka, Joanna M., Birner, Armin, Brichant-Petitjean, Clara, Cervantes, Pablo, Chen, Hsi Chung, Chillotti, Caterina, Cichon, Sven, Cruceanu, Cristiana, Czerski, Piotr M., Dalkner, Nina, Dayer, Alexandre, Del Zompo, Maria, DePaulo, J. Raymond, Étain, Bruno, Jamain, Stephane, Falkai, Peter, Forstner, Andreas J., Frisen, Louise, Frye, Mark A., Fullerton, Janice M., Gard, Sébastien, Garnham, Julie S., Goes, Fernando S., Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, Maria, Grof, Paul, Hashimoto, Ryota, Hauser, Joanna, Herms, Stefan, Hoffmann, Per, Hofmann, Andrea, Jiménez, Esther, Kahn, Jean Pierre, Kassem, Layla, Kuo, Po Hsiu, Kato, Tadafumi, Kelsoe, John R., Kittel-Schneider, Sarah, Kliwicki, Sebastian, König, Barbara, Kusumi, Ichiro, Laje, Gonzalo, Landén, Mikael, Lavebratt, Catharina, Leboyer, Marion, Leckband, Susan G., Tortorella, Alfonso, Manchia, Mirko, Martinsson, Lina, McCarthy, Michael J., McElroy, Susan L., Colom, Francesc, Mitjans, Marina, Mondimore, Francis M., Monteleone, Palmiero, Nievergelt, Caroline M., Nöthen, Markus M., Novák, Tomas, O’Donovan, Claire, Ozaki, Norio, Ösby, Urban, Pfennig, Andrea, Potash, James B., Reif, Andreas, Wray, Naomi R., Ripke, Stephan, Mattheisen, Manuel, Trzaskowski, Maciej, Byrne, Enda M., Abdellaoui, Abdel, Adams, Mark J., Agerbo, Esben, Air, Tracy M., Andlauer, Till F.M., Bacanu, Silviu Alin, Bækvad-Hansen, Marie, Beekman, Aartjan T.F., Bigdeli, Tim B., Binder, Elisabeth B., Blackwood, Douglas H.R., Bryois, Julien, Buttenschøn, Henriette N., Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Cai, Na, Castelao, Enrique, Christensen, Jane varregaard, Clarke, Toni Kim, Coleman, Jonathan R.I., Colodro-Conde, Lucía, Couvy-Duchesne, Baptiste, Craddock, Nick, Crawford, Gregory E., Davies, Gail, Deary, Ian J., Derks, Eske M., Direk, Nese, Dolan, Conor V., Dunn, Erin C., Eley, Thalia C., Escott-Price, Valentina, Kiadeh, Farnush Farhadi Hassan, Finucane, Hilary K., Frank, Josef, Gaspar, Héléna A., Gill, Michael, Gordon, Scott D., Grove, Jakob, Hall, Lynsey S., Hansen, Christine Søholm, Hansen, Thomas F., Hickie, Ian B., Homuth, Georg, Horn, Carsten, Hottenga, Jouke Jan, Hougaard, David M., Ising, Marcus, Jansen, Rick, Jorgenson, Eric, Knowles, James A., Kohane, Isaac S., Kraft, Julia, Kretzschmar, Warren W., Krogh, Jesper, Kutalik, Zoltán, Li, Yihan, Lind, Penelope A., MacIntyre, Donald J., MacKinnon, Dean F., Maier, Robert M., Maier, Wolfgang, Marchini, Jonathan, Mbarek, Hamdi, McGrath, Patrick, McGuffin, Peter, Medland, Sarah E., Mehta, Divya, Middeldorp, Christel M., Mihailov, Evelin, Milaneschi, Yuri, Milani, Lili, Montgomery, Grant W., Mostafavi, Sara, Mullins, Niamh, Nauck, Matthias, Ng, Bernard, Nivard, Michel G., Nyholt, Dale R., O’Reilly, Paul F., Oskarsson, Hogni, Owen, Michael J., Painter, Jodie N., Pedersen, Carsten Bøcker, Pedersen, Marianne Giørtz, Peterson, Roseann E., Pettersson, Erik, Peyrot, Wouter J., Pistis, Giorgio, Posthuma, Danielle, Quiroz, Jorge A., Qvist, Per, Rice, John P., Riley, Brien P., Rivera, Margarita, Mirza, Saira Saeed, Schoevers, Robert, Schulte, Eva C., Shen, Ling, Shi, Jianxin, Shyn, Stanley I., Sigurdsson, Engilbert, Sinnamon, Grant C.B., Smit, Johannes H., Smith, Daniel J., Stefansson, Hreinn, Steinberg, Stacy, Streit, Fabian, Strohmaier, Jana, Tansey, Katherine E., Teismann, Henning, Teumer, Alexander, Thompson, Wesley, Thomson, Pippa A., Thorgeirsson, Thorgeir E., Traylor, Matthew, Treutlein, Jens, Trubetskoy, Vassily, Uitterlinden, André G., Umbricht, Daniel, Van der Auwera, Sandra, van Hemert, Albert M., Viktorin, Alexander, Visscher, Peter M., Wang, Yunpeng, Webb, Bradley T., Weinsheimer, Shantel Marie, Wellmann, Jürgen, Willemsen, Gonneke, Witt, Stephanie H., Wu, Yang, Xi, Hualin S., Yang, Jian, Zhang, Futao, Arolt, Volker, Baune, Bernhard T., Berger, Klaus, Boomsma, Dorret I., Dannlowski, Udo, de Geus, E. J.C., Domenici, Enrico, Domschke, Katharina, Esko, Tõnu, Grabe, Hans J., Hamilton, Steven P., Hayward, Caroline, Heath, Andrew C., Kendler, Kenneth S., Kloiber, Stefan, Lewis, Glyn, Li, Qingqin S., Lucae, Susanne, Madden, Pamela A.F., Magnusson, Patrik K., Martin, Nicholas G., McIntosh, Andrew M., Metspalu, Andres, Mors, Ole, Mortensen, Preben Bo, Müller-Myhsok, Bertram, Nordentoft, Merete, O’Donovan, Michael C., Paciga, Sara A., Pedersen, Nancy L., Penninx, Brenda W.J.H., Perlis, Roy H., Porteous, David J., Preisig, Martin, Rietschel, Marcella, Schaefer, Catherine, Schulze, Thomas G., Smoller, Jordan W., Stefansson, Kari, Tiemeier, Henning, Uher, Rudolf, Völzke, Henry, Weissman, Myrna M., Werge, Thomas, Lewis, Cathryn M., Levinson, Douglas F., Breen, Gerome, Børglum, Anders D., Sullivan, Patrick F., Reininghaus, Eva, Rouleau, Guy A., Rybakowski, Janusz K., Schalling, Martin, Schofield, Peter R., Schweizer, Barbara W., Severino, Giovanni, Shilling, Paul D., Shimoda, Katzutaka, Simhandl, Christian, Slaney, Claire M., Squassina, Alessio, Stamm, Thomas, Stopkova, Pavla, Maj, Mario, Turecki, Gustavo, Vieta, Eduard, Veeh, Julia, Wright, Adam, Zandi, Peter P., Mitchell, Philip B., Bauer, Michael, Alda, Martin, McMahon, Francis J., APH - Mental Health, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), Amsterdam Neuroscience - Compulsivity, Impulsivity & Attention, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms, Human genetics, APH - Digital Health, APH - Methodology, Biological Psychology, APH - Personalized Medicine, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, Complex Trait Genetics, Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program (CCNP), Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Jamain, Stéphane, University of Adelaide, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute [ Adelaide] (SAHMRI), Mental Health Services [Adelaide, SA, Australia], National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Ludwig Maximilian University [Munich] (LMU), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut für Genetik - Universität Bonn / Institute of Genetics - University of Bonn, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Harvard School of Public Health, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Dokkyo Medical University, Università degli Studi di Cagliari = University of Cagliari (UniCa), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental [Barcelona, Spain] (CIBERSAM), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu [Barcelona], Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie (OPTeN (UMR_S_1144 / U1144)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Mayo Clinic [Rochester], McGill University Health Center [Montreal] (MUHC), National Taiwan University [Taiwan] (NTU), University Hospital Basel [Basel], Poznan University of Medical Sciences [Poland] (PUMS), Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], IMRB - 'Neuropsychiatrie translationnelle' [Créteil] (U955 Inserm - UPEC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), University of Basel (Unibas), Neuroscience Research Australia [Sydney, NSW, Australia] (NRA), University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent [CH C. Perrens, Bordeaux], SECOP - centre hospitalier Charles Perrens, Dalhousie University [Halifax], 'Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia' Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry [Bucharest, Romania], Mood Disorders Center of Ottawa (MDCO), University of Ottawa [Ottawa], Osaka University [Osaka], Graduate School of Medicine [Osaka], Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental [Madrid] (CIBER-SAM), Psychiatrie et Psychologie Clinique de Liaison [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy (CPN), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Environmental Molecular Biology Laboratory (RIKEN), RIKEN - Institute of Physical and Chemical Research [Japon] (RIKEN), Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Landesklinikum Neunkirchen (LK Neunkirchen), Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine [Sapporo, Japan], Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg [Göteborg], Research Service VA San Diego Healthcare System, Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), University of Cincinnati (UC), IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Generalitat de Catalunya, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine [Göttingen] (MPI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, University of Salerno (UNISA), University of the Study of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, National Institute of Mental Health [Klecany, Czech Republic] (NIMH), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine [Japon], Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Medical University Graz, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Sigmund Freud University (SFU), Douglas Mental Health University Institute [Montréal], University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty, Black Dog Institute [Sydney, Australia], Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health [Baltimore], Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), Melbourne Medical School [Melbourne], Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences [Melbourne], University of Melbourne-University of Melbourne, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health [Parkville, VIC, Australie], University of Melbourne, Major Depressive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium: Naomi R Wray, Stephan Ripke, Manuel Mattheisen, Maciej Trzaskowski, Enda M Byrne, Abdel Abdellaoui, Mark J Adams, Esben Agerbo, Tracy M Air, Till F M Andlauer, Silviu-Alin Bacanu, Marie Bækvad-Hansen, Aartjan T F Beekman, Tim B Bigdeli, Elisabeth B Binder, Douglas H R Blackwood, Julien Bryois, Henriette N Buttenschøn, Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm, Na Cai, Enrique Castelao, Jane Varregaard Christensen, Toni-Kim Clarke, Jonathan R I Coleman, Lucía Colodro-Conde, Baptiste Couvy-Duchesne, Nick Craddock, Gregory E Crawford, Gail Davies, Ian J Deary, Franziska Degenhardt, Eske M Derks, Nese Direk, Conor V Dolan, Erin C Dunn, Thalia C Eley, Valentina Escott-Price, Farnush Farhadi Hassan Kiadeh, Hilary K Finucane, Andreas J Forstner, Josef Frank, Héléna A Gaspar, Michael Gill, Fernando S Goes, Scott D Gordon, Jakob Grove, Lynsey S Hall, Christine Søholm Hansen, Thomas F Hansen, Stefan Herms, Ian B Hickie, Per Hoffmann, Georg Homuth, Carsten Horn, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, David M Hougaard, Marcus Ising, Rick Jansen, Eric Jorgenson, James A Knowles, Isaac S Kohane, Julia Kraft, Warren W Kretzschmar, Jesper Krogh, Zoltán Kutalik, Yihan Li, Penelope A Lind, Donald J MacIntyre, Dean F MacKinnon, Robert M Maier, Wolfgang Maier, Jonathan Marchini, Hamdi Mbarek, Patrick McGrath, Peter McGuffin, Sarah E Medland, Divya Mehta, Christel M Middeldorp, Evelin Mihailov, Yuri Milaneschi, Lili Milani, Francis M Mondimore, Grant W Montgomery, Sara Mostafavi, Niamh Mullins, Matthias Nauck, Bernard Ng, Michel G Nivard, Dale R Nyholt, Paul F O'Reilly, Hogni Oskarsson, Michael J Owen, Jodie N Painter, Carsten Bøcker Pedersen, Marianne Giørtz Pedersen, Roseann E Peterson, Erik Pettersson, Wouter J Peyrot, Giorgio Pistis, Danielle Posthuma, Jorge A Quiroz, Per Qvist, John P Rice, Brien P Riley, Margarita Rivera, Saira Saeed Mirza, Robert Schoevers, Eva C Schulte, Ling Shen, Jianxin Shi, Stanley I Shyn, Engilbert Sigurdsson, Grant C B Sinnamon, Johannes H Smit, Daniel J Smith, Hreinn Stefansson, Stacy Steinberg, Fabian Streit, Jana Strohmaier, Katherine E Tansey, Henning Teismann, Alexander Teumer, Wesley Thompson, Pippa A Thomson, Thorgeir E Thorgeirsson, Matthew Traylor, Jens Treutlein, Vassily Trubetskoy, André G Uitterlinden, Daniel Umbricht, Sandra Van der Auwera, Albert M van Hemert, Alexander Viktorin, Peter M Visscher, Yunpeng Wang, Bradley T Webb, Shantel Marie Weinsheimer, Jürgen Wellmann, Gonneke Willemsen, Stephanie H Witt, Yang Wu, Hualin S Xi, Jian Yang, Futao Zhang, Volker Arolt, Bernhard T Baune, Klaus Berger, Dorret I Boomsma, Sven Cichon, Udo Dannlowski, E J C de Geus, J Raymond DePaulo, Enrico Domenici, Katharina Domschke, Tõnu Esko, Hans J Grabe, Steven P Hamilton, Caroline Hayward, Andrew C Heath, Kenneth S Kendler, Stefan Kloiber, Glyn Lewis, Qingqin S Li, Susanne Lucae, Pamela A F Madden, Patrik K Magnusson, Nicholas G Martin, Andrew M McIntosh, Andres Metspalu, Ole Mors, Preben Bo Mortensen, Bertram Müller-Myhsok, Merete Nordentoft, Markus M Nöthen, Michael C O'Donovan, Sara A Paciga, Nancy L Pedersen, Brenda W J H Penninx, Roy H Perlis, David J Porteous, James B Potash, Martin Preisig, Marcella Rietschel, Catherine Schaefer, Thomas G Schulze, Jordan W Smoller, Kari Stefansson, Henning Tiemeier, Rudolf Uher, Henry Völzke, Myrna M Weissman, Thomas Werge, Cathryn M Lewis, Douglas F Levinson, Gerome Breen, Anders D Børglum, Patrick F Sullivan., Epidemiology, Internal Medicine, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], University of California, Universita degli Studi di Cagliari [Cagliari], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), University of Graz, Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), University of Münster, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Amare, A. T., Schubert, K. O., Hou, L., Clark, S. R., Papiol, S., Cearns, M., Heilbronner, U., Degenhardt, F., Tekola-Ayele, F., Hsu, Y. -H., Shekhtman, T., Adli, M., Akula, N., Akiyama, K., Ardau, R., Arias, B., Aubry, J. -M., Backlund, L., Bhattacharjee, A. K., Bellivier, F., Benabarre, A., Bengesser, S., Biernacka, J. M., Birner, A., Brichant-Petitjean, C., Cervantes, P., Chen, H. -C., Chillotti, C., Cichon, S., Cruceanu, C., Czerski, P. M., Dalkner, N., Dayer, A., Del Zompo, M., Depaulo, J. R., Etain, B., Jamain, S., Falkai, P., Forstner, A. J., Frisen, L., Frye, M. A., Fullerton, J. M., Gard, S., Garnham, J. S., Goes, F. S., Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, M., Grof, P., Hashimoto, R., Hauser, J., Herms, S., Hoffmann, P., Hofmann, A., Jimenez, E., Kahn, J. -P., Kassem, L., Kuo, P. -H., Kato, T., Kelsoe, J. R., Kittel-Schneider, S., Kliwicki, S., Konig, B., Kusumi, I., Laje, G., Landen, M., Lavebratt, C., Leboyer, M., Leckband, S. G., Tortorella, A., Manchia, M., Martinsson, L., Mccarthy, M. J., Mcelroy, S. L., Colom, F., Mitjans, M., Mondimore, F. M., Monteleone, P., Nievergelt, C. M., Nothen, M. M., Novak, T., O'Donovan, C., Ozaki, N., Osby, U., Pfennig, A., Potash, J. B., Reif, A., Wray, N. R., Ripke, S., Mattheisen, M., Trzaskowski, M., Byrne, E. M., Abdellaoui, A., Adams, M. J., Agerbo, E., Air, T. M., Andlauer, T. F. M., Bacanu, S. -A., Baekvad-Hansen, M., Beekman, A. T. F., Bigdeli, T. B., Binder, E. B., Blackwood, D. H. R., Bryois, J., Buttenschon, H. N., Bybjerg-Grauholm, J., Cai, N., Castelao, E., Christensen, J., Clarke, T. -K., Coleman, J. R. I., Colodro-Conde, L., Couvy-Duchesne, B., Craddock, N., Crawford, G. E., Davies, G., Deary, I. J., Derks, E. M., Direk, N., Dolan, C. V., Dunn, E. C., Eley, T. C., Escott-Price, V., Kiadeh, F. F. H., Finucane, H. K., Frank, J., Gaspar, H. A., Gill, M., Gordon, S. D., Grove, J., Hall, L. S., Hansen, C. S., Hansen, T. F., Hickie, I. B., Homuth, G., Horn, C., Hottenga, J. -J., Hougaard, D. M., Ising, M., Jansen, R., Jorgenson, E., Knowles, J. A., Kohane, I. S., Kraft, J., Kretzschmar, W. W., Krogh, J., Kutalik, Z., Li, Y., Lind, P. A., Macintyre, D. J., Mackinnon, D. F., Maier, R. M., Maier, W., Marchini, J., Mbarek, H., Mcgrath, P., Mcguffin, P., Medland, S. E., Mehta, D., Middeldorp, C. M., Mihailov, E., Milaneschi, Y., Milani, L., Montgomery, G. W., Mostafavi, S., Mullins, N., Nauck, M., Ng, B., Nivard, M. G., Nyholt, D. R., O'Reilly, P. F., Oskarsson, H., Owen, M. J., Painter, J. N., Pedersen, C. B., Pedersen, M. G., Peterson, R. E., Pettersson, E., Peyrot, W. J., Pistis, G., Posthuma, D., Quiroz, J. A., Qvist, P., Rice, J. P., Riley, B. P., Rivera, M., Mirza, S. S., Schoevers, R., Schulte, E. C., Shen, L., Shi, J., Shyn, S. I., Sigurdsson, E., Sinnamon, G. C. B., Smit, J. H., Smith, D. J., Stefansson, H., Steinberg, S., Streit, F., Strohmaier, J., Tansey, K. E., Teismann, H., Teumer, A., Thompson, W., Thomson, P. A., Thorgeirsson, T. E., Traylor, M., Treutlein, J., Trubetskoy, V., Uitterlinden, A. G., Umbricht, D., Van der Auwera, S., van Hemert, A. M., Viktorin, A., Visscher, P. M., Wang, Y., Webb, B. T., Weinsheimer, S. M., Wellmann, J., Willemsen, G., Witt, S. H., Wu, Y., Xi, H. S., Yang, J., Zhang, F., Arolt, V., Baune, B. T., Berger, K., Boomsma, D. I., Dannlowski, U., de Geus, E. J. C., Domenici, E., Domschke, K., Esko, T., Grabe, H. J., Hamilton, S. P., Hayward, C., Heath, A. C., Kendler, K. S., Kloiber, S., Lewis, G., Li, Q. S., Lucae, S., Madden, P. A. F., Magnusson, P. K., Martin, N. G., Mcintosh, A. M., Metspalu, A., Mors, O., Mortensen, P. B., Muller-Myhsok, B., Nordentoft, M., O'Donovan, M. C., Paciga, S. A., Pedersen, N. L., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Perlis, R. H., Porteous, D. J., Preisig, M., Rietschel, M., Schaefer, C., Schulze, T. G., Smoller, J. W., Stefansson, K., Tiemeier, H., Uher, R., Volzke, H., Weissman, M. M., Werge, T., Lewis, C. M., Levinson, D. F., Breen, G., Borglum, A. D., Sullivan, P. F., Reininghaus, E., Rouleau, G. A., Rybakowski, J. K., Schalling, M., Schofield, P. R., Schweizer, B. W., Severino, G., Shilling, P. D., Shimoda, K., Simhandl, C., Slaney, C. M., Squassina, A., Stamm, T., Stopkova, P., Maj, M., Turecki, G., Vieta, E., Veeh, J., Wright, A., Zandi, P. P., Mitchell, P. B., Bauer, M., Alda, M., Mcmahon, F. J., and Adult Psychiatry

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), Lithium (medication), [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Genome-wide association study, Logistic regression, THERAPY, ddc:616.89, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, Major depression, PREDICTORS, Depression (differential diagnoses), RISK, Depression, Psychiatry and Mental health, Quartile, Cohort, AUGMENTATION, medicine.drug, POLARITY, medicine.medical_specialty, GENETICS, Bipolar disorder, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Lithium, PROPHYLACTIC LITHIUM, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Internal medicine, Humans, ddc:610, AGENTS, Molecular Biology, Genetic association, Depressive Disorder, Major, business.industry, medicine.disease, EFFICACY, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, PHARMACOLOGICAL-TREATMENTS, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

© 2020, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.Lithium is a first-line medication for bipolar disorder (BD), but only one in three patients respond optimally to the drug. Since evidence shows a strong clinical and genetic overlap between depression and bipolar disorder, we investigated whether a polygenic susceptibility to major depression is associated with response to lithium treatment in patients with BD. Weighted polygenic scores (PGSs) were computed for major depression (MD) at different GWAS p value thresholds using genetic data obtained from 2586 bipolar patients who received lithium treatment and took part in the Consortium on Lithium Genetics (ConLi+Gen) study. Summary statistics from genome-wide association studies in MD (135,458 cases and 344,901 controls) from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) were used for PGS weighting. Response to lithium treatment was defined by continuous scores and categorical outcome (responders versus non-responders) using measurements on the Alda scale. Associations between PGSs of MD and lithium treatment response were assessed using a linear and binary logistic regression modeling for the continuous and categorical outcomes, respectively. The analysis was performed for the entire cohort, and for European and Asian sub-samples. The PGSs for MD were significantly associated with lithium treatment response in multi-ethnic, European or Asian populations, at various p value thresholds. Bipolar patients with a low polygenic load for MD were more likely to respond well to lithium, compared to those patients with high polygenic load [lowest vs highest PGS quartiles, multi-ethnic sample: OR = 1.54 (95% CI: 1.18–2.01) and European sample: OR = 1.75 (95% CI: 1.30–2.36)]. While our analysis in the Asian sample found equivalent effect size in the same direction: OR = 1.71 (95% CI: 0.61–4.90), this was not statistically significant. Using PGS decile comparison, we found a similar trend of association between a high genetic loading for MD and lower response to lithium. Our findings underscore the genetic contribution to lithium response in BD and support the emerging concept of a lithium-responsive biotype in BD.

Published
2021
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14. Hallmark of strong electronic correlations in LaNiO3: Photoemission kink and broadening of fully occupied bands

Author

Antoine Georges, Michel Ferrero, Markus Aichhorn, Xiaoyu Deng, Jernej Mravlje, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey [New Brunswick] (RU), Rutgers University System (Rutgers), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau] (CPHT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X), Chaire Physique de la matière condensée (A. Georges), Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Jozef Stefan Institute [Ljubljana] (IJS), Department of Theoretical Physics [Graz], Institute of Physics [Graz], Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée (LPMC), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), biology, Condensed matter physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, Fermi energy, Condensed Matter Physics, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Renormalization, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Dynamical mean field theory, 0103 physical sciences, Dispersion (optics), Quasiparticle, Lanio, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, Strongly correlated material, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Recent angular-resolved photoemission experiments on LaNiO$_3$ reported a renormalization of the Fermi velocity of $e_g$ quasiparticles, a kink in their dispersion at $ -0.2$ eV and a large broadening and weakened dispersion of the occupied $t_{2g}$ states. We show here that all these features result from electronic correlations and are quantitatively reproduced by calculations combining density-functional theory and dynamical mean-field theory. The importance and general relevance of correlation effects in filled bands coupled by inter-orbital interactions to a partially-filled band are pointed out., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures

Published
2012
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15. Decrease of VLF transmitter signal and Chorus-whistler waves before l'Aquila earthquake occurrence

Author

Patrick H. M. Galopeau, W. Voller, R. Döller, Mohammed Y. Boudjada, Iren Adelina Moldovan, Maria Solovieva, Konrad Schwingenschuh, P. F. Biagi, M. Ampferer, O. A. Molchanov, Michel Parrot, Helfried K. Biernat, G. Stangl, Helmut Lammer, A. Rohznoi, Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Institute for Geophysics, Astrophysics and Meteorology [Graz] (IGAM), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Schmidt United Institute of Physics of the Earth [Moscow] (IPE), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Department of Physics [Bari], Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Theoretical Physics [Graz], Institute of Physics [Graz], Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz-Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Federal Office of Metrology and Surveying [Vienna] (BEV), National Institute for Earth Physics [Romania] - Institutul Național pentru Fizica Pământului (NIEP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], and National Institute for Earth Physics [Bucharest] (NIEP)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Whistler, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Signal, lcsh:TD1-1066, lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:GE1-350, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, biology, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Transmitter, lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Chorus, Spectral density, biology.organism_classification, Intensity (physics), lcsh:Geology, Earth's magnetic field, lcsh:G, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Ionosphere, Geology, Seismology
Abstract

We investigate the VLF emissions observed by the Instrument Champ Electrique (ICE) experiment onboard the DEMETER micro-satellite. We analyze intensity level variation 10 days before and after the occurrence of l'Aquila earthquake (EQ). We found a clear decrease of the VLF received signal related to ionospheric whistler mode (mainly Chorus emission) and to signal transmitted by the DFY VLF station in Germany, few days (more than one week) before the earthquake. The VLF power spectral density decreases of more than two orders of magnitude until the EQ, and it recovers to normal levels just after the EQ occurrence. The geomagnetic activity is principally weak four days before EQ and increases again one day before l'Aquila seismic event. Our results are discussed in the frame of short- and long-terms earthquakes prediction focusing on the crucial role of the magnetic field of the Earth.

Published
2010
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16. Dynamical mean-field theory within an augmented plane-wave framework: Assessing electronic correlations in the iron pnictide LaFeAsO

Author

Markus Aichhorn, Silke Biermann, Olivier Parcollet, Michel Ferrero, Leonid Pourovskii, Antoine Georges, Verónica Vildosola, Takashi Miyake, Department of Theoretical Physics [Graz], Institute of Physics [Graz], Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau] (CPHT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 (IPHT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Nanosystem Research Institute (NRI) RICS, AIST, Nanosystem Research Institute, Chaire Physique de la matière condensée (A. Georges), Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée (LPMC), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz-Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Collège de France - Chaire Physique de la matière condensée (A. Georges)

Subjects
Quantum Monte Carlo, Plane wave, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Renormalization, Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Atomic orbital, Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, Sensitivity (control systems), 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Wannier function, Degree (graph theory), Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Coupling (probability), Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

We present an approach that combines the local density approximation (LDA) and the dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) in the framework of the full-potential linear augmented plane waves (FLAPW) method. Wannier-like functions for the correlated shell are constructed by projecting local orbitals onto a set of Bloch eigenstates located within a certain energy window. The screened Coulomb interaction and Hund's coupling are calculated from a first-principle constrained RPA scheme. We apply this LDA+DMFT implementation, in conjunction with continuous-time quantum Monte-Carlo, to study the electronic correlations in LaFeAsO. Our findings support the physical picture of a metal with intermediate correlations. The average value of the mass renormalization of the Fe 3d bands is about 1.6, in reasonable agreement with the picture inferred from photoemission experiments. The discrepancies between different LDA+DMFT calculations (all technically correct) which have been reported in the literature are shown to have two causes: i) the specific value of the interaction parameters used in these calculations and ii) the degree of localization of the Wannier orbitals chosen to represent the Fe 3d states, to which many-body terms are applied. The latter is a fundamental issue in the application of many-body calculations, such as DMFT, in a realistic setting. We provide strong evidence that the DMFT approximation is more accurate and more straightforward to implement when well-localized orbitals are constructed from a large energy window encompassing Fe-3d, As-4p and O-2p, and point out several difficulties associated with the use of extended Wannier functions associated with the low-energy iron bands. Some of these issues have important physical consequences, regarding in particular the sensitivity to the Hund's coupling., Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures, published version

Published
2009
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17. Mere end lugtesans - COVID-19 er associeret med svær påvirkning af lugtesansen, smagssansen og mundfølelsen

Author

Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D C, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E A, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D’Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper H B, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Dalton, Pamela, Yan, Carol H, Voznessenskaya, Vera V, Chen, Jingguo, Sell, Elizabeth A, Walsh-Messinger, Julie, Archer, Nicholas S, Koyama, Sachiko, Deary, Vincent, Roberts, S Craig, Yanık, Hüseyin, Albayrak, Samet, Nováková, Lenka Martinec, Croijmans, Ilja, Mazal, Patricia Portillo, Moein, Shima T, Margulis, Eitan, Mignot, Coralie, Mariño, Sajidxa, Georgiev, Dejan, Kaushik, Pavan K, Malnic, Bettina, Wang, Hong, Seyed-Allaei, Shima, Yoluk, Nur, Razzaghi-Asl, Sara, Justice, Jeb M, Restrepo, Diego, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, Hayes, John E, Indústries Alimentàries, Qualitat i Tecnologia Alimentària, Tecnologia Alimentària, Temple University [Philadelphia], Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Mersin University, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ), AbScent, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), University of Edinburgh, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIR), Università degli Studi 'Magna Graecia' di Catanzaro = University of Catanzaro (UMG), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Groupement scientifique de Biologie et de Medecine Spatiale (GSBMS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Tata Institute for Fundamental Research (TIFR), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Universidad de Extremadura - University of Extremadura (UEX), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), San Diego State University (SDSU), Aarhus University [Aarhus], University of Hertfordshire [Hatfield] (UH), Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), Neurosciences Sensorielles Comportement Cognition, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, University of Turku, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Leibniz-Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, Monell Chemical Senses Center, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Medical Science University, Sidra Medicine [Doha, Qatar], Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), University of Southern Queensland (USQ), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), DreamAir Llc, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Oregon State University (OSU), Ear Institute, UCL, Lyon Neuroscience Research center, Karunya University, Biruni University, Assi Sette Llaghi Varese, Stanford School of Medicine [Stanford], Stanford Medicine, Stanford University-Stanford University, University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA), Unité mixte de recherche interactions plantes-microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Maastricht University [Maastricht], Institute for Biology - Neurobiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Howard University College of Medicine, Towson University, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), Proteomics, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Stockholm University, University of Gastronomic Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, University of Tennessee, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Guangzhou Medical University, Buenos Aires University and GEOG (Grupo de Estudio de Olfato y Gusto), Sultan Qaboos University (SQU), Federal University of Technology of Akure (FUTA), A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, University of Pennsylvania, University of Dayton, CSIRO Agriculture and Food (CSIRO), Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System, University of Northumbria at Newcastle [United Kingdom], University of Stirling, Middle East Technical University [Ankara] (METU), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano [Buenos Aires, Argentina], Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences [Tehran] (IPM), Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Terrazas del Club Hipico, University Medical Centre Ljubljana [Ljubljana, Slovenia] (UMCL), Tata Institute of Fundamental Research [Bangalore], Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), University of Colorado Anschutz [Aurora], Center for Smell and Taste, Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University., Julien, Sabine, Tıp Fakültesi, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Department of Food and Nutrition, Senses and Food, Research Center Jülich, University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Università degli Studi 'Magna Graecia' di Catanzaro [Catanzaro, Italie] (UMG), University of Extremadura, University of Padova, Yale University School of Medicine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, University of Helsinki, Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], University of California San Diego Health, University of Brussels, University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, University of São Paulo (USP), UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, FSE Campus Venlo, and RS: FSE UCV

Subjects
Male, Taste, Physiology, Smagstab, Audiology, AcademicSubjects/SCI01180, Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia, Behavioral Neuroscience, chemistry.chemical_compound, Olfaction Disorders, Taste Disorders, 0302 clinical medicine, RATINGS, Hyposmia, Surveys and Questionnaires, CHEMOSENSITIVITY, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Viral, PALADAR, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Sensory Science and Eating Behaviour, media_common, TASTE, US NATIONAL-HEALTH, [SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Middle Aged, Biological Sciences, 16. Peace & justice, Sensory Systems, 3. Good health, Smell, GCCR Group Author, ddc:540, Smell loss, Female, Original Article, medicine.symptom, Corrigendum, Coronavirus Infections, olfaction, Adult, somatosensation, medicine.medical_specialty, 663/664, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), OLFACTORY DISORDERS, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), media_common.quotation_subject, Pneumonia, Viral, head and neck surgery, Aged, Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, Humans, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, Self Report, Somatosensory Disorders, Young Adult, Anosmia, Sensory system, Olfaction, 03 medical and health sciences, Chemesthesis, Physiology (medical), Perception, medicine, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Behaviour Change and Well-being, business.industry, R-PACKAGE, 3112 Neurosciences, Pneumonia, Parosmia, COMPONENT, Smagssans, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Sensoriek en eetgedrag, chemistry, Lugtetab, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Lugtesans
Abstract

Correction: Chemical Senses, Volume 46, 2021, bjab050, https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjab050 Published: 08 December 2021 Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments, such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, and generally lacked quantitative measurements. Here, we report the development, implementation, and initial results of a multilingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in 3 distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, and 8 others, aged 19-79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste, and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change +/- 100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (-79.7 +/- 28.7, mean +/- standard deviation), taste (-69.0 +/- 32.6), and chemesthetic (-37.3 +/- 36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell but also affects taste and chemesthesis.The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and the lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus strain 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms.

Published
2020
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18. Digesting the crisis: autophagy and coronaviruses

Author

Katharina Kainz, Maria A. Bauer, Didac Carmona-Gutierrez, Guido Kroemer, Sebastian J. Hofer, Frank Madeo, Andreas Zimmermann, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], BioHealth Graz [Graz, Autriche], Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Paris (UP), Plateforme de métabolomique, Direction de la recherche [Gustave Roussy], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Cell Biology Platform [Villejuif], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Pôle de biologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences [Suzhou, Chine] (CAMS), Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], BioTechMed Graz [Graz, Autriche], The authors are grateful to the Austrian Science Fund FWF (SFBLIPOTOX F3007&F3012, W1226, P29203, P29262, P27893) and the Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research and the University of Graz for grants 'Unkonventionelle Forschung' and 'flysleep' (BMWFW-80.109/0001-WF/V/3b/2015). The authors also acknowledge the funding of DK Metabolic and Cardiovas-cular Disease (FWF) and the Doctoral College 'Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease' (FWFW1226) as well as support from NAWI Graz and the BioTechMed-Graz flagship project 'EPIAge'. GK is supported by the Ligue contre le Cancer (équipe labellisée), Agence National de la Recherche (ANR) – Projets blancs, ANR under the frame of E-Rare-2, the ERA-Net for Research on Rare Diseases, AMMICa US23/CNRS UMS3655, Association pour la recherche sur le cancer (ARC), Association 'Le Cancer du Sein, Parlons-en!', Cancéropôle Ile-de-France, Chancelerie des universités de Paris (Legs Poix), Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM), a donation by Elior, European Research Area Network on Cardiovascular Diseases (ERA-CVD, MINOTAUR), Gustave Roussy Odyssea, the European Union Horizon 2020 Project Oncobiome, Fondation Carrefour, High-end Foreign Expert Program in China (GDW20171100085), Institut National du Cancer (INCa), Inserm (HTE), Institut Universitaire de France, LeDucq Foundation, the LabEx Immuno-Oncology (ANR-18-IDEX-0001), the RHU Torino Lumière, the Seerave Foundation, the SIRIC Stratified Oncology Cell DNA Repair and Tumor Immune Elimination (SOCRATE), and the SIRIC Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine (CARPEM)., Bodescot, Myriam, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), viruses, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), coronavirus, Cellular homeostasis, Inflammation, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, 02 engineering and technology, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous), Microbiology, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Viewpoint, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Immune system, Immunity, Virology, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Genetics, medicine, [SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Molecular Biology, sars, Coronavirus, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Autophagy, mers, virophagy, Cell Biology, immunity, 3. Good health, Cell biology, sars-cov-2, covid-19, lcsh:Biology (General), inflammation, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Parasitology, medicine.symptom
Abstract

International audience; Autophagy is a catabolic pathway with multifaceted roles in cellular homeostasis. This process is also involved in the antiviral response at multiple levels, including the direct elimination of intruding viruses (virophagy), the presentation of viral antigens, the fitness of immune cells, and the inhibition of excessive inflammatory reactions. In line with its central role in immunity, viruses have evolved mechanisms to interfere with or to evade the autophagic process, and in some cases, even to harness autophagy or constituents of the autophagic machinery for their replication. Given the devastating consequences of the current COVID-19 pandemic, the question arises whether manipulating autophagy might be an expedient approach to fight the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. In this piece, we provide a short overview of the evidence linking autophagy to coronaviruses and discuss whether such links may provide actionable targets for therapeutic interventions.

Published
2020
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19. Acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP): a phylogenetically conserved appetite stimulator

Author

Nektarios Tavernarakis, Lukas Habernig, Nikolaos Charmpilas, Sabrina Büttner, Guido Kroemer, Silvia Dichtinger, José Manuel Bravo-San Pedro, Valentina Sica, Christoph Ruckenstuhl, Frank Madeo, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB-FORTH), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), University of Graz, Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Stockholm University, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Pharyngeal pumping, media_common.quotation_subject, Immunology, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Orexigenic, Internal medicine, Acyl-CoA-binding protein, medicine, Extracellular, lcsh:QH573-671, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, biology, lcsh:Cytology, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Appetite, Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, Yeast, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Diazepam binding inhibitor, medicine.drug
Abstract

Recently, we reported that, in mice, hunger causes the autophagy-dependent release of a protein called “acyl-CoA-binding protein” or “diazepam binding inhibitor” (ACBP/DBI) from cells, resulting in an increase in plasma ACBP concentrations. Administration of extra ACBP is orexigenic and obesogenic, while its neutralization is anorexigenic in mice, suggesting that ACBP is a major stimulator of appetite and lipo-anabolism. Accordingly, obese persons have higher circulating ACBP levels than lean individuals, and anorexia nervosa is associated with subnormal ACBP plasma concentrations. Here, we investigated whether ACBP might play a phylogenetically conserved role in appetite stimulation. We found that extracellular ACBP favors sporulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, knowing that sporulation is a strategy for yeast to seek new food sources. Moreover, in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, ACBP increased the ingestion of bacteria as well as the frequency pharyngeal pumping. These observations indicate that ACBP has a phylogenetically ancient role as a ‘hunger factor’ that favors food intake.

Published
2020
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20. Cometary Dust

Author

Anny-Chantal Levasseur-Regourd, Jessica Agarwal, Hervé Cottin, Cécile Engrand, George Flynn, Marco Fulle, Tamas Gombosi, Yves Langevin, Jérémie Lasue, Thurid Mannel, Sihane Merouane, Olivier Poch, Nicolas Thomas, Andrew Westphal, IMPEC - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Spectrométrie Nucléaire et de Spectrométrie de Masse (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), State University of New York at Plattsburgh (SUNY Plattsburgh), State University of New York (SUNY), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering (CLaSP), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Physics [Graz], University of Graz, Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern], Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley] (SSL), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, PLANETO - LATMOS, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)

Subjects
Aggregates, Jupiter-family comets, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, complex mixtures, Nucleus, Article, Organics, 0103 physical sciences, Rosetta, Comets, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Coma, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 520 Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Dust, 620 Engineering, Stardust, respiratory tract diseases, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Trail
Abstract

International audience; This review presents our understanding of cometary dust at the end of 2017. For decades, insight about the dust ejected by nuclei of comets had stemmed from remote observations from Earth or Earth’s orbit, and from flybys, including the samples of dust returned to Earth for laboratory studies by the Stardust return capsule. The long-duration Rosetta mission has recently provided a huge and unique amount of data, obtained using numerous instruments, including innovative dust instruments, over a wide range of distances from the Sun and from the nucleus. The diverse approaches available to study dust in comets, together with the related theoretical and experimental studies, provide evidence of the composition and physical properties of dust particles, e.g., the presence of a large fraction of carbon in macromolecules, and of aggregates on a wide range of scales. The results have opened vivid discussions on the variety of dust-release processes and on the diversity of dust properties in comets, as well as on the formation of cometary dust, and on its presence in the near-Earth interplanetary medium. These discussions stress the significance of future explorations as a way to decipher the formation and evolution of our Solar System.

Published
2022
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21. Aspergillus Lateral Flow Assay with Digital Reader for the Diagnosis of COVID-19 Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis (CAPA): A multicenter study

Author

Jean-Pierre Gangneux, P. Lewis White, Juergen Prattes, Matthias Egger, Jessica S Price, Marina Machado, Maricela Valerio, Brice Autier, Martin Hoenigl, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Medical University Graz, University Hospital of Wales (UHW), Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón' [Madrid], Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC), Provided some of the LFA test kits, IMMY Diagnostics, Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA), University Hospital of Wales [Cardiff, UK], Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], University of California, University of Graz, Hanson, Kimberly E, and Jonchère, Laurent

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], nondirected bronchial lavage, Gastroenterology, Medical and Health Sciences, law.invention, Mannans, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Cutoff, bronchoalveolar lavage, tracheal aspirate, Lung, Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis, 0303 health sciences, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, Area under the curve, Biological Sciences, Intensive care unit, 3. Good health, Aspergillus galactomannan lateral flow assay (LFA), [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Infectious Diseases, Aspergillus, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Microbiology, Sensitivity and Specificity, 03 medical and health sciences, Galactomannan, Rare Diseases, Clinical Research, Internal medicine, medicine, Aspergillus galactomannan lateral flow assay, Humans, Retrospective Studies, Receiver operating characteristic, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, biology.organism_classification, Bronchoalveolar lavage, 030228 respiratory system, chemistry, galactomannan, Pulmonary Aspergillosis, business, serum
Abstract

International audience; This multicenter study evaluated the IMMY Aspergillus Galactomannan Lateral Flow Assay (LFA) with automated reader for diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with COVID-19 associated acute respiratory failure (ARF) requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission between 03/2020 and 04/2021. A total of 196 respiratory samples and 148 serum samples (n=344) from 238 patients were retrospectively included, with a maximum of one of each sample type per patient. Cases were retrospectively classified for COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) status following the 2020 consensus criteria, with the exclusion of LFA results as a mycological criterion. At the 1.0 cutoff, sensitivity of LFA for CAPA (proven/probable/possible) was 52%, 80% and 81%, and specificity was 98%, 88% and 67%, for bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), non-directed bronchoalveolar lavage (NBL), and tracheal aspiration (TA), respectively. At the 0.5 manufacturer’s cutoff, sensitivity was 72%, 90% and 100%, and specificity was 79%, 83% and 44%, for BALF, NBL and TA, respectively. When combining all respiratory samples, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) was 0.823, versus 0.754, 0.890 and 0.814 for BALF, NBL and TA, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of serum LFA were 20% and 93%, respectively, at the 0.5 ODI cutoff. Overall, the Aspergillus Galactomannan LFA showed good performances for CAPA diagnosis, when used from respiratory samples at the 1.0 cutoff, while sensitivity from serum was limited, linked to weak invasiveness during CAPA. As some false positive results can occur, isolated results slightly above the recommended cutoff should lead to further mycological investigations.

Published
2022
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22. Investigating Mercury's Environment with the Two-Spacecraft BepiColombo Mission

Author

Oleg Korablev, M. Fujimoto, Léa Griton, Cesare Grava, Masafumi Hirahara, Hirotsugu Kojima, S. Barabash, Wolfgang Baumjohann, A. Martindale, Chuanfei Dong, François Leblanc, Chris Carr, S. T. Lindsay, Yasumasa Kasaba, M. Kobayashi, Herbert Lichtenegger, Philippe-A. Bourdin, Karri Muinonen, J. S. Oliveira, Jan-Erik Wahlund, Ferdinand Plaschke, Christina Plainaki, S. M. P. McKenna-Lawlor, Dominique Delcourt, Eric Quémerais, Xianzhe Jia, Dusan Odstrcil, James A. Slavin, V. Mangano, M. G. Pelizzo, Benoit Langlais, Joe Zender, Emma J. Bunce, Ichiro Yoshikawa, Peter Wurz, Stavro Ivanovski, Stefano Massetti, George C. Ho, Y. Saito, Juhani Huovelin, Suzanne M. Imber, Sae Aizawa, Alessandro Mura, Jim M. Raines, Ayako Matsuoka, F. Sahraoui, Karl-Heinz Glassmeier, Pierre Henri, Rami Vainio, Matthew K. James, Rosemary M. Killen, Stefano Orsini, Shahab Fatemi, Tomas Karlsson, Monica Laurenza, Esa Kallio, Christoph Lhotka, Michiko Morooka, Johannes Benkhoff, David A. Rothery, Yasuhito Narita, Michel Moncuquet, Anna Milillo, Alexey A. Berezhnoy, Satoshi Yagitani, Adam Masters, F. Califano, Manuel Grande, Stefano Livi, Daniel Heyner, Emilia Kilpua, G. Murakami, Jan Deca, S. de la Fuente, R. Moissl, Bernard V. Jackson, Kanako Seki, N. André, M. Dósa, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wigner Research Centre for Physics [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Space Research Centre [Leicester], University of Leicester, Department of Space and Plasma Physics [Stockholm], KTH School of Electrical Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH )-Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Space Technology Ireland Limited, Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering (CLaSP), School of Physical Sciences [Milton Keynes], Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Sternberg Astronomical Institute [Moscow], Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, University of Colorado [Boulder], European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton University, Department of Astrophysical Sciences [Princeton], Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Kiruna] (IRF), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC), Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering [Espoo], School of Electrical Engineering [Aalto Univ], Aalto University-Aalto University, Planetary Plasma and Atmospheric Research Center [Sendai] (PPARC), Tohoku University [Sendai], Department of Physics [Helsinki], Falculty of Science [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Planetary Exploration Research Center [Chiba] (PERC), Chiba Institute of Technology (CIT), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala] (IRF), Institute of Physics [Graz], Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Centro de Investigação da Terra e do Espaço da UC (CITEUC), Universidade de Coimbra [Coimbra], CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Italian Space Agency, Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth and Planetary Science [Tokyo], Graduate School of Science [Tokyo], The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)-The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Space Research Laboratory [Turku] (SRL), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Turku], University of Turku-University of Turku, Physics Institute [Bern], University of Bern, Department of Physics [Imperial College London], Institute of Mathematical and Physical Sciences [Aberystwyth], University of Wales, Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research [Nagoya] (ISEE), Nagoya University, Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto University, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Graduate School of the Natural Science and Technology [Kanazawa], Kanazawa University (KU), Department of Complexity Science and Engineering [Tokyo], The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), European Space Agency (ESA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), University of California, University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Kyoto University [Kyoto], Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), The Royal Society, Science and Technology Facilities Council, INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, JAXA Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, European Space Research and Technology Centre, IRAP, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Technical University of Braunschweig, Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Space Technology Ireland, Open University Milton Keynes, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lomonosov Moscow State University, University of Pisa, University of Colorado Boulder, European Space Astronomy Centre, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Southwest Research Institute, Uppsala University, Université d'Orléans, Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, University of California San Diego, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Tohoku University, University of Helsinki, Chiba Institute of Technology, Université de Nantes, Sorbonne Université, University of Graz, National Research Council of Italy, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, The University of Tokyo, University of Turku, Aberystwyth University, Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Kanazawa University, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, BepiColombo, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Mercury’s environment, Fusion, plasma och rymdfysik, Interplanetary dust cloud, Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, Exosphere, Magnetosphere, Aerospace engineering, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Scientific instrument, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Spacecraft, business.industry, 520 Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 620 Engineering, Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics, Mercury (element), Solar wind, Planetary science, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Mercury's environment, Mercury’s environment · Magnetosphere · Exosphere · BepiColombo, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

The ESA-JAXA BepiColombo mission will provide simultaneous measurements from two spacecraft, offering an unprecedented opportunity to investigate magnetospheric and exospheric dynamics at Mercury as well as their interactions with the solar wind, radiation, and interplanetary dust. Many scientific instruments onboard the two spacecraft will be completely, or partially devoted to study the near-space environment of Mercury as well as the complex processes that govern it. Many issues remain unsolved even after the MESSENGER mission that ended in 2015. The specific orbits of the two spacecraft, MPO and Mio, and the comprehensive scientific payload allow a wider range of scientific questions to be addressed than those that could be achieved by the individual instruments acting alone, or by previous missions. These joint observations are of key importance because many phenomena in Mercury's environment are highly temporally and spatially variable. Examples of possible coordinated observations are described in this article, analysing the required geometrical conditions, pointing, resolutions and operation timing of different BepiColombo instruments sensors., Comment: 78 pages, 14 figures, published

Published
2022
Full Text
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23. Sex-dimorphic genetic effects and novel loci for fasting glucose and insulin variability

Author

Tove Fall, Anubha Mahajan, Dmitry Shungin, B. Balkau, Gerjan Navis, A. Metspalu, Anneli Pouta, Andrew A. Hicks, Ilja M. Nolte, Ian Ford, Aroon D. Hingorani, Stefan R Bornstein, Anuj Goel, Rona J. Strawbridge, Niek Verweij, Sarah H. Wild, Patricia B. Munroe, T.B. Harris, Jaana Lindström, Johnson Pcd., Nita G. Forouhi, Pierre Meneton, Patricia A. Peyser, Sarin A-P., Andrea Ganna, Timothy M. Frayling, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Joanne M. Meyer, Yongmei Liu, Jeanette M. Stafford, Christian Herder, L Zudina, Maria G. Stathopoulou, May E. Montasser, Nicholas D. Hastie, Inês Barroso, Schwarz Peh., James B. Meigs, Perttu Salo, George Davey Smith, Gonneke Willemsen, Christopher J. Groves, Erik P A Van Iperen, M. A. Province, Veikko Salomaa, Naveed Sattar, Serena Sanna, Maria Dimitriou, Joop Jukema, Ulrika Krus, Albert V. Smith, Markku Laakso, James F. Wilson, George Nicholson, Loic Yengo, Tatijana Zemunik, Per Eriksson, Harold Snieder, Peter P. Pramstaller, Claudia Langenberg, R. Rauramaa, Alan R. Shuldiner, Pau Navarro, Veronique Vitart, Ross M. Fraser, Aaron Isaacs, C. Lecoeur, Jesper R. Gådin, Jackie F. Price, Letizia Marullo, L.F. Bielak, Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Amélie Bonnefond, Michael Stumvoll, Alessia Faggian, Anke Tönjes, Tomohiro Tanaka, Wieland Kiess, Harry Campbell, Josée Dupuis, David Altshuler, João Fadista, Winfried März, G K Hovingh, Thomas Illig, Toby Johnson, H Grallert, Kari Stefansson, Reedik Mägi, Palmer Cna., de Geus Ejcn., Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Karen Kapur, Philippe Froguel, Dorret I. Boomsma, Anders Franco-Cereceda, Marcus E. Kleber, Boehnke M, Olga D. Carlson, Ozren Polasek, Andrew P. Morris, Alex S. F. Doney, Najaf Amin, Sara M. Willems, Vilmundur Gudnason, Jose C. Florez, Jeffery R. O'Connell, Nancy L. Pedersen, T. Saaristo, Wolffenbuttel Bhr., M. I. J. Uusitupa, Longda Jiang, Iva Miljkovic, James S. Pankow, Caroline Hayward, Hugh Watkins, Vasiliki Lagou, Johanna Kuusisto, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Alan F. Wright, Josephine M. Egan, Perry Jrb., C M van Duijn, Valeriya Lyssenko, Leif Groop, Stefania Bandinelli, Nigel W. Rayner, Tõnu Esko, Stela McLachlan, Momoko Horikoshi, Eric Boerwinkle, Rick Jansen, Richard N. Bergman, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Lyle J. Palmer, Vilmantas Giedraitis, Peter Kovacs, Nicholas J. Wareham, Luigi Ferrucci, N J Timpson, D Rybin, Anne U. Jackson, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Gonçalo R. Abecasis, Harst Pvd., Meena Kumari, Albert Hofman, Chiara Scapoli, Evelin Mihailov, Josine L. Min, Anders Hamsten, Hottenga J-J., Loos Rjf., Lars Lind, Ulf de Faire, Jaakko Kaprio, Guo Li, Beate St Pourcain, C Gieger, Amanda J. Bennett, Anna Ulrich, Nabila Bouatia-Naji, Satu Männistö, Antigone S. Dimas, Jarvelin M-R., Günther Silbernagel, F Karpe, A. Körner, David S. Siscovick, M Blüher, Rebecca J. Webster, Erik Ingelsson, Susan Campbell, Mika Kivimäki, Laura J. Rasmussen-Torvik, Heikki A. Koistinen, Sophie Visvikis-Siest, Bernhard O. Boehm, Inga Prokopenko, Ping An, Emmanouil T. Dermitzakis, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Kardia Slr., Richa Saxena, Igor Rudan, Richard M. Watanabe, Jian'an Luan, Marika Kaakinen, Shin S-Y., George Dedoussis, Panagiotis Deloukas, Mark I. McCarthy, Barbara Thorand, B.W.J.H. Penninx, Peter Vollenweider, Paul W. Franks, Leena Kinnunen, Markus Perola, Yvonne Boettcher, Timo A. Lakka, Nicole Soranzo, Stavroula Kanoni, Bakker Sjl., Winkelmann Br, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Institute of Genomics [Tartu, Estonia], University of Tartu, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre (VUMC), Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases - UMR 8199 - UMR 1283 (GI3M), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC (UMR_S 970/ U970)), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Università degli Studi di Ferrara (UniFE), Boston University [Boston] (BU), VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], University of Bristol [Bristol], Biomedical Sciences Research Centre Alexander Fleming [Vari, Greece] (BSRC), Imperial College London, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland [Brisbane], Statens Serum Institut [Copenhagen], Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University [Maastricht], MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine [Edinburgh] (IGMM), University of Edinburgh-Medical Research Council, National Institute on Aging [Baltimore, MD, USA] (NIH), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland System, The University of Western Australia (UWA), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (BROAD INSTITUTE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Wake Forest University, National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge], University of Iceland [Reykjavik], University of Washington [Seattle], University of Groningen [Groningen], University of Glasgow, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London Medical School, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), deCODE genetics [Reykjavik], Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Uppsala Universitet [Uppsala], University of Edinburgh, Medical Faculty [Mannheim], University of Graz, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland [Helsinki] (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Umeå University, Skane University Hospital [Malmo], Lund University [Lund], RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences [Yokohama] (RIKEN IMS), RIKEN - Institute of Physical and Chemical Research [Japon] (RIKEN), Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), University of Split, Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), University of Eastern Finland, Harokopio University of Athens, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), University of Kuopio, German Center for Diabetes Research - Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung [Neuherberg] (DZD), University of Pittsburgh (PITT), Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Ninewells Hospital and Medical School [Dundee], University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Essex, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University [Düsseldorf], University of Helsinki, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences [Glasgow], University of Oulu, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota System, Keck School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University of Southern California (USC), Amsterdam UMC, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus [Dresden, Germany], Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], King Abdulaziz University, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere University Hospital, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Danube University Krems, Harvard School of Public Health, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institute of Epidemiology [Neuherberg] (EPI), German Research Center for Environmental Health - Helmholtz Center München (GmbH), Hannover Medical School [Hannover] (MHH), Universität zu Lübeck [Lübeck], University of Exeter, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals [Tarrytown], University of Adelaide, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S 872)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute on Aging [Bethesda, USA] (NIA), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, John Radcliffe Hospital [Oxford University Hospital], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Big Data Institute, University of Surrey (UNIS), University of Bergen (UiB), Stanford School of Medicine [Stanford], Stanford Medicine, Stanford University-Stanford University, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, University of Liverpool, University of Manchester [Manchester], Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of Ufa Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Experimental Vascular Medicine, Vascular Medicine, ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes, SIEST, Sofia, PreciDIAB Institute, the holistic approach of personal diabets care - - PreciDIAB2018 - ANR-18-IBHU-0001 - IBHU - VALID, Understanding the dynamic determinants of glucose homeostasis and social capability to promote Healthy and active aging - DYNAHEALTH - - H20202015-04-01 - 2019-03-31 - 633595 - VALID, Beyond the Genetics of Addiction - ADDICTION - - EC:FP7:ERC2011-12-01 - 2017-05-31 - 284167 - VALID, Rise of scientific excellence and collaboration for implementing personalised medicine in Estonia - ePerMed - - H20202016-01-01 - 2018-12-31 - 692145 - VALID, University of Oxford, Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases - UMR 8199 - UMR 1283 (EGENODIA (GI3M)), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Università degli Studi di Ferrara = University of Ferrara (UniFE), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Amsterdam UMC - Amsterdam University Medical Center, Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Universität zu Lübeck = University of Lübeck [Lübeck], Laboratoire d'Informatique Médicale et Ingénierie des Connaissances en e-Santé (LIMICS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), ANR-18-IBHU-0001,PreciDIAB,PreciDIAB Institute, the holistic approach of personal diabets care(2018), European Project: 633595,H2020,H2020-PHC-2014-two-stage,DYNAHEALTH(2015), European Project: 284167,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-StG_20101124,ADDICTION(2011), European Project: 692145,H2020,H2020-TWINN-2015,ePerMed(2016), Biological Psychology, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, APH - Personalized Medicine, Functional Genomics, APH - Mental Health, Sociology and Social Gerontology, APH - Methodology, Hottenga, Jouke- Jan [0000-0002-5668-2368], Bouatia-Naji, Nabila [0000-0001-5424-2134], Jansen, Rick [0000-0002-3333-6737], Min, Josine L. [0000-0003-4456-9824], Faggian, Alessia [0000-0002-3799-9722], Bonnefond, Amélie [0000-0001-9976-3005], Isaacs, Aaron [0000-0001-5037-4834], Willems, Sara M. [0000-0002-6803-3007], Navarro, Pau [0000-0001-5576-8584], Jackson, Anne U. [0000-0002-9672-2547], Bielak, Lawrence F. [0000-0002-3443-8030], Saxena, Richa [0000-0003-2233-1065], Smith, Albert V. [0000-0003-1942-5845], Verweij, Niek [0000-0002-4303-7685], Goel, Anuj [0000-0003-2307-4021], Johnson, Paul C. D. [0000-0001-6663-7520], Strawbridge, Rona J. [0000-0001-8506-3585], Fall, Tove [0000-0003-2071-5866], Fraser, Ross M. [0000-0003-0488-2592], Kanoni, Stavroula [0000-0002-1691-9615], Giedraitis, Vilmantas [0000-0003-3423-2021], Kleber, Marcus E. [0000-0003-0663-7275], Müller-Nurasyid, Martina [0000-0003-3793-5910], Luan, Jian’an [0000-0003-3137-6337], Sanna, Serena [0000-0002-3768-1749], Nolte, Ilja M. [0000-0001-5047-4077], Zemunik, Tatijana [0000-0001-8120-2891], Kovacs, Peter [0000-0002-0290-5423], Wild, Sarah H. [0000-0001-7824-2569], McLachlan, Stela [0000-0003-0480-6143], Egan, Josephine [0000-0002-8945-0053], Hicks, Andrew A. [0000-0001-6320-0411], Thorand, Barbara [0000-0002-8416-6440], Hingorani, Aroon [0000-0001-8365-0081], Kivimaki, Mika [0000-0002-4699-5627], Koistinen, Heikki A. [0000-0001-7870-070X], Bakker, Stephan J. L. [0000-0003-3356-6791], Palmer, Colin N. A. [0000-0002-6415-6560], Jukema, J. Wouter [0000-0002-3246-8359], Sattar, Naveed [0000-0002-1604-2593], Snieder, Harold [0000-0003-1949-2298], Magnusson, Patrik K. [0000-0002-7315-7899], Blüher, Matthias [0000-0003-0208-2065], Wolffenbuttel, Bruce H. R. [0000-0001-9262-6921], Abecasis, Goncalo R. [0000-0003-1509-1825], Meigs, James B. [0000-0002-2439-2657], Wilson, James F. [0000-0001-5751-9178], Schwarz, Peter E. H. [0000-0001-6317-7880], Boehm, Bernhard O. [0000-0002-2706-7710], Metspalu, Andres [0000-0002-3718-796X], Deloukas, Panos [0000-0001-9251-070X], Körner, Antje [0000-0001-6001-0356], Wareham, Nicholas J. [0000-0003-1422-2993], Langenberg, Claudia [0000-0002-5017-7344], Männistö, Satu [0000-0002-8668-3046], Franks, Paul W. [0000-0002-0520-7604], Hayward, Caroline [0000-0002-9405-9550], Vitart, Veronique [0000-0002-4991-3797], Kaprio, Jaakko [0000-0002-3716-2455], Visvikis-Siest, Sophie [0000-0001-8104-8425], Altshuler, David [0000-0002-7250-4107], Rudan, Igor [0000-0001-6993-6884], van Duijn, Cornelia M. [0000-0002-2374-9204], Pramstaller, Peter P. [0000-0002-9831-8302], Boehnke, Michael [0000-0002-6442-7754], Frayling, Timothy M. [0000-0001-8362-2603], Peyser, Patricia A. [0000-0002-9717-8459], Harst, Pim van der [0000-0002-2713-686X], Smith, George Davey [0000-0002-1407-8314], Forouhi, Nita G. [0000-0002-5041-248X], Loos, Ruth J. F. [0000-0002-8532-5087], Salomaa, Veikko [0000-0001-7563-5324], Soranzo, Nicole [0000-0003-1095-3852], Boomsma, Dorret I. [0000-0002-7099-7972], Groop, Leif [0000-0002-0187-3263], Tuomi, Tiinamaija [0000-0002-8306-6202], Munroe, Patricia B. [0000-0002-4176-2947], Gudnason, Vilmundur [0000-0001-5696-0084], Lecoeur, Cecile [0000-0003-0075-6417], Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta [0000-0002-2149-0630], Stefansson, Kari [0000-0003-1676-864X], Dermitzakis, Emmanouil T. [0000-0002-9302-6490], Lindgren, Cecilia M. [0000-0002-4903-9374], Froguel, Philippe [0000-0003-2972-0784], Kaakinen, Marika A. [0000-0002-9228-0462], Watanabe, Richard M. [0000-0003-1015-0531], Ingelsson, Erik [0000-0003-2256-6972], Dupuis, Josée [0000-0003-2871-3603], Barroso, Inês [0000-0001-5800-4520], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Epidemiology, University Hospital Mannheim | Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Universität Leipzig, Universiteit Leiden, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, General practice, APH - Digital Health, Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Lifestyle Medicine (LM), Groningen Institute for Organ Transplantation (GIOT), Groningen Kidney Center (GKC), Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (CLDM), Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Hottenga, Jouke-Jan [0000-0002-5668-2368], Min, Josine L [0000-0003-4456-9824], Willems, Sara M [0000-0002-6803-3007], Jackson, Anne U [0000-0002-9672-2547], Bielak, Lawrence F [0000-0002-3443-8030], Smith, Albert V [0000-0003-1942-5845], Johnson, Paul CD [0000-0001-6663-7520], Strawbridge, Rona J [0000-0001-8506-3585], Fraser, Ross M [0000-0003-0488-2592], Kleber, Marcus E [0000-0003-0663-7275], Luan, Jian'an [0000-0003-3137-6337], Nolte, Ilja M [0000-0001-5047-4077], Wild, Sarah H [0000-0001-7824-2569], Hicks, Andrew A [0000-0001-6320-0411], Koistinen, Heikki A [0000-0001-7870-070X], Bakker, Stephan JL [0000-0003-3356-6791], Palmer, Colin NA [0000-0002-6415-6560], Jukema, J Wouter [0000-0002-3246-8359], Magnusson, Patrik K [0000-0002-7315-7899], Wolffenbuttel, Bruce HR [0000-0001-9262-6921], Abecasis, Goncalo R [0000-0003-1509-1825], Meigs, James B [0000-0002-2439-2657], Wilson, James F [0000-0001-5751-9178], Schwarz, Peter EH [0000-0001-6317-7880], Boehm, Bernhard O [0000-0002-2706-7710], Wareham, Nicholas J [0000-0003-1422-2993], Franks, Paul W [0000-0002-0520-7604], van Duijn, Cornelia M [0000-0002-2374-9204], Pramstaller, Peter P [0000-0002-9831-8302], Frayling, Timothy M [0000-0001-8362-2603], Peyser, Patricia A [0000-0002-9717-8459], Forouhi, Nita G [0000-0002-5041-248X], Loos, Ruth JF [0000-0002-8532-5087], Boomsma, Dorret I [0000-0002-7099-7972], Munroe, Patricia B [0000-0002-4176-2947], Dermitzakis, Emmanouil T [0000-0002-9302-6490], Lindgren, Cecilia M [0000-0002-4903-9374], Kaakinen, Marika A [0000-0002-9228-0462], Watanabe, Richard M [0000-0003-1015-0531], Tampere University, Tays Research Services, Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-related traits Consortium (MAGIC), Fysiologie, RS: FHML MaCSBio, and RS: Carim - B01 Blood proteins & engineering

Subjects
Male, Anorexia Nervosa, medicine.medical_treatment, 45/43, Insulin Resistance/genetics, SUSCEPTIBILITY, Quantitative trait, Impaired glucose tolerance, 0302 clinical medicine, Architecture, LS2_1, IMPUTATION, Insulin, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Fasting, Publisher Correction, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/blood, Endokrinologi och diabetes, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Adult, Blood Glucose, European Continental Ancestry Group, Female, Gene Expression, Genetic Loci, Genome-Wide Association Study, Glucose Intolerance, Humans, Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins, Insulin Resistance, Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors, Middle Aged, Phenotype, Sex Characteristics, Sex Factors, Waist-Hip Ratio, Sex characteristics, medicine.medical_specialty, Science, 631/208/205/2138, Endocrinology and Diabetes, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, White People, Gender-differences, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, 692/53/2421, GLYCEMIC TRAITS, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, Glycemic, GENDER-DIFFERENCES, Science & Technology, IDENTIFICATION, 692/699/2743/2815, Blood Glucose/metabolism, Diagnostic markers, medicine.disease, Anorexia Nervosa/blood, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Glucose, Insulin/blood, Anorexia Nervosa/ethnology, Anorexia Nervosa/genetics, Anorexia Nervosa/physiopathology, Fasting/blood, Glucose Intolerance/blood, Glucose Intolerance/ethnology, Glucose Intolerance/genetics, Glucose Intolerance/physiopathology, Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins/blood, Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins/genetics, Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics, 0301 basic medicine, Identification, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], General Physics and Astronomy, Genome-wide association studies, Waist–hip ratio, LS4_5, RISK, ARCHITECTURE, Multidisciplinary, article, Type 2 diabetes, Multidisciplinary Sciences, MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION, Pre-diabetes, Medical Genetics, Risk, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 3121 Internal medicine, 692/163/2743/137/773, NO, Insulin resistance, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Mendelian randomization, 631/208/480, Medicinsk genetik, business.industry, General Chemistry, Impaired fasting glucose, business
Abstract

Differences between sexes contribute to variation in the levels of fasting glucose and insulin. Epidemiological studies established a higher prevalence of impaired fasting glucose in men and impaired glucose tolerance in women, however, the genetic component underlying this phenomenon is not established. We assess sex-dimorphic (73,089/50,404 women and 67,506/47,806 men) and sex-combined (151,188/105,056 individuals) fasting glucose/fasting insulin genetic effects via genome-wide association study meta-analyses in individuals of European descent without diabetes. Here we report sex dimorphism in allelic effects on fasting insulin at IRS1 and ZNF12 loci, the latter showing higher RNA expression in whole blood in women compared to men. We also observe sex-homogeneous effects on fasting glucose at seven novel loci. Fasting insulin in women shows stronger genetic correlations than in men with waist-to-hip ratio and anorexia nervosa. Furthermore, waist-to-hip ratio is causally related to insulin resistance in women, but not in men. These results position dissection of metabolic and glycemic health sex dimorphism as a steppingstone for understanding differences in genetic effects between women and men in related phenotypes., Sex differences in fasting glucose and insulin have been identified, but the genetic loci underlying these differences have not. Here, the authors perform a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies to detect sex-specific and sex-dimorphic loci associated with fasting glucose and insulin.

Published
2021
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24. The high-energy Sun - probing the origins of particle acceleration on our nearest star

Author

A. L. MacKinnon, G. Del Zanna, Eduard P. Kontar, Lyndsay Fletcher, David M. Smith, Michail Mathioudakis, D. N. Baker, D. S. Bloomfield, Robertus Erdélyi, Iain G. Hannah, Säm Krucker, David Long, H. A. S. Reid, L. Klein, Philippa Browning, Albert Y. Shih, N. L. S. Jeffrey, Sarah A. Matthews, Ryan O. Milligan, A. Calcines, Astrid Veronig, M. Pesce-Rollins, Nicole Vilmer, Valery M. Nakariakov, G. Mann, Matthews, SA [0000-0001-9346-8179], Reid, HAS [0000-0002-6287-3494], Baker, D [0000-0002-0665-2355], Bloomfield, DS [0000-0002-4183-9895], Browning, PK [0000-0002-7089-5562], Calcines, A [0000-0002-5767-1695], Del Zanna, G [0000-0002-4125-0204], Erdelyi, R [0000-0003-3439-4127], Fletcher, L [0000-0001-9315-7899], Hannah, IG [0000-0003-1193-8603], Jeffrey, N [0000-0001-6583-1989], Kontar, E [0000-0002-8078-0902], Long, DM [0000-0003-3137-0277], MacKinnon, A [0000-0002-3558-4806], Mann, G [0000-0002-4452-3028], Mathioudakis, M [0000-0002-7725-6296], Milligan, R [0000-0001-5031-1892], Nakariakov, VM [0000-0001-6423-8286], Pesce-Rollins, M [0000-0003-1790-8018], Shih, AY [0000-0001-6874-2594], Smith, D [0000-0002-0542-5759], Veronig, A [0000-0003-2073-002X], Vilmer, N [0000-0002-6872-3630], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Northumbria at Newcastle [United Kingdom], University of Manchester [Manchester], Durham University, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), University of Sheffield [Sheffield], University of Glasgow, University of Oslo (UiO), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland (FHNW), Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), University of Warwick [Coventry], Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare [Pisa] (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, University of Graz, and Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Wave turbulence, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Particle acceleration, Hard X-rays, Solar corona, Electron, F500, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Acceleration, law, 0103 physical sciences, Radiative transfer, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, QB, Physics, Range (particle radiation), γ-rays, Particle accelerator, Astronomy and Astrophysics, gamma-rays, Computational physics, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Solar flares, Temporal resolution
Abstract

As a frequent and energetic particle accelerator, our Sun provides us with an excellent astrophysical laboratory for understanding the fundamental process of particle acceleration. The exploitation of radiative diagnostics from electrons has shown that acceleration operates on sub-second time scales in a complex magnetic environment, where direct electric fields, wave turbulence, and shock waves all must contribute, although precise details are severely lacking. Ions were assumed to be accelerated in a similar manner to electrons, but γ-ray imaging confirmed that emission sources are spatially separated from X-ray sources, suggesting distinctly different acceleration mechanisms. Current X-ray and γ-ray spectroscopy provides only a basic understanding of accelerated particle spectra and the total energy budgets are therefore poorly constrained. Additionally, the recent detection of relativistic ion signatures lasting many hours, without an electron counterpart, is an enigma. We propose a single platform to directly measure the physical conditions present in the energy release sites and the environment in which the particles propagate and deposit their energy. To address this fundamental issue, we set out a suite of dedicated instruments that will probe both electrons and ions simultaneously to observe; high (seconds) temporal resolution photon spectra (4 keV – 150 MeV) with simultaneous imaging (1 keV – 30 MeV), polarization measurements (5–1000 keV) and high spatial and temporal resolution imaging spectroscopy in the UV/EUV/SXR (soft X-ray) regimes. These instruments will observe the broad range of radiative signatures produced in the solar atmosphere by accelerated particles.

Published
2021
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25. The use of a novel burn dressing out of bacterial nanocellulose compared to the French standard of care in paediatric 2nd degree burns – A retrospective analysis

Author

V Luca-Pozner, Q Qassemyar, H Remy, S Ghezal, Sebastian P. Nischwitz, Hanna Luze, G Lipa, M Funk, E Conti, Service de Chirurgie plastique reconstructrice et brûlés [CHU Trousseau], CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), JOANNEUM RESEARCH - Institute for Robotics and Mechatronics, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], and University of Graz

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Standard of care, Pain, Length of hospitalization, Intervention group, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Epicitehydro, Retrospective analysis, Humans, Second-Degree Burn, Medicine, Child, Retrospective Studies, Pain experience, Bacteria, Exposure metho, business.industry, Standard of Care, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Burn center, General Medicine, Bandages, Burn dressing, 3. Good health, Paediatric burn care, Bacterial nanocellulose, Emergency medicine, Emergency Medicine, d Pain management, Surgery, Burns, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

International audience; PurposePaediatric burn care is a delicate discipline which benefits from special attention. Despite being highly effective, the current standard of care for second degree burns in the largest paediatric burn center in France – exposure to infrared light – involves long hospital stays, straining economic and professional resources, especially in times of a pandemic. The present study investigated this standard of care and compared it to the use of a bacterial nanocellulose dressing.Materials and methodsA retrospective analysis of two groups has been performed: the control group assessed thirty consecutive children treated with the standard of care, and the intervention group assessed thirty consecutive children treated with the bacterial nanocellulose dressing. Parameters evaluated were: healed wounds, additional treatments, rate of infections, hospital length of stay, pain experience and overall satisfaction.ResultsThe two groups did not differ significantly in terms of age and TBSA. A significant reduction in hospital length of stay (p < .001) and pain experience (p < .001) could be observed. In terms of healed wounds, additional treatments and infections, the two groups were equally matched (p > .05) with satisfactory results in both groups. Tendencies towards better results could be seen in the intervention group.ConclusionThe use of bacterial nanocellulose wound dressings is an important tool in the armamentarium of today’s burn surgeons. Satisfying results were achieved, ameliorating burn care for children. Future studies are indicated to further support its value and assess the economic impact.

Published
2021
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26. Ness of Brodgar’s seaweed-eating sheep: adaptations to an island archipelago environment on Neolithic Orkney, Scotland

Author

Blanz, Magdalena, Mainland, Ingrid, Balasse, Marie, Nick, Card, Ascough, Philippa, Fiorillo, Denis, Taggart, Mark, Feldmann, Jörg, University of the Highlands and Islands (UHI), Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (SUERC), University of Glasgow-University of Edinburgh, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Balasse, Marie, and University of Graz, Austria

Subjects
[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Constrained by coastlines and resource limitations, small islands tend not to be idealenvironments for mobile pastoralists. However, trade and travel exist beyond theconfines of the land, and even small island archipelagos can serve as a backdrop for themovement of large amounts of animals. Islands may also serve as naturally constrainedpastures in extensive herding strategies (i.e. using small amounts of labour per area),and their inherent resource limits can incentivize adaptations to the environment thatincrease the islands’ carrying capacities. One such example is the seasonal consumptionof seaweed by Neolithic sheep on the Orkney archipelago (Scotland), which took placefrom the moment of their first introduction to Orkney.Recent excavations at the monumental complex Ness of Brodgar (ca. 3500–2300 cal BC,part of the ‘Heart of Neolithic Orkney’ UNESCO world heritage site) have revealed largenumbers of cattle (likely over 400 tibiae) and sheep remains. Based on the number ofremains and the sheep mortality profile, it seems unlikely that all these animals wereraised close to the site, and so may have been imported from other islands of the Orkneyarchipelago.At the Ness of Brodgar, stable isotope ratios (δ13C, δ18O) suggest the consumption ofseaweed in winter/spring by only 3 of 17 analysed sheep, considerably less than thearchipelago-wide average (around half of all Neolithic Orkney sheep). Could this be anindication that for the sheep brought to the affluent Ness of Brodgar, seaweedconsumptionwas not ‘necessary’? Or could a decline in seaweed-consumption be a signof wider societal changes, including a turning-away from the sea as a dietary source?

Published
2021

27. Social mindfulness and prosociality vary across the globe

Author

Susann Fiedler, Kimmo Eriksson, Chandrasekhar V. S. Pammi, Justin P. Friesen, Chris Reinders Folmer, Adrian Netedu, Leander van der Meij, Ali Mashuri, Jeff Joireman, Toko Kiyonari, Robert Böhm, Cláudia Simão, Yannis Tsirbas, Kitty Dumont, Sonja Utz, Ori Weisel, Angelo Romano, Efrat Aharonov-Majar, Yiwen Wang, Michael J. Platow, Aurelia Mok, Junhui Wu, Fabian Winter, Nancy R. Buchan, Ursula Athenstaedt, Kerry Kawakami, Roberto González, Paul A. M. Van Lange, Karolina Raczka-Winkler, Karin S. Moser, Jose C. Yong, Xiao-Ping Chen, Simon Gächter, Liying Bai, Serge Guimond, Katarzyna Growiec, Camilo Garcia, Boris Maciejovsky, Sven Waldzus, Alexandros-Andreas Kyrtsis, Ryan O. Murphy, Niels J. Van Doesum, Cecilia Reyna, Yang Li, Geoffrey J. Leonardelli, Siugmin Lay, Yu Kou, Ladislav Moták, Hyun Euh, Inna Bovina, Bernd Weber, Elizabeth Immer-Bernold, Shaul Shalvi, Adam W. Stivers, Martina Hřebíčková, Sylvie Graf, Zoi Manesi, Wing Tung Au, Jan B. Engelmann, Pontus Strimling, Marcello Gallucci, Gökhan Karagonlar, Tim Wildschut, Norman P. Li, D. Michael Kuhlman, Leiden University, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), University of Graz, The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong], Fuzhou University [Fuzhou], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, University of South Carolina [Columbia], University of Washington [Seattle], University of South Africa (UNISA), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Stockholm University, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System, Vienna University of Economics and Business, Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien [Austria] (WU), University of Manitoba [Winnipeg], University of Nottingham, UK (UON), Universidad Veracruzana, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC), Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Institute of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (LAPSCO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Sherpany Product Department, Agilentia AG, Washington State University (WSU), Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi = Dokuz Eylül University [Izmir] (DEÜ), York University [Toronto], Aoyama Gakuin University (AGU), Beijing Normal University (BNU), University of Delaware [Newark], National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), University of Toronto, Singapore Management University (SIS), Singapore Management University, Nagoya University, University of California [Riverside] (UCR), University of California, Brawijaya University (UB), City University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong] (CUHK), London South Bank University (LSBU), University of Queensland [Brisbane], Centre de Recherche en Psychologie de la Connaissance, du Langage et de l'Émotion (PsyCLÉ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași [Romania], University of Allahabad, Australian National University (ANU), University of Bonn, Ghenth University, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba [Argentina], Universidade Católica Portuguesa [Porto], Gonzaga University, The Institute for Futures Studies, Stockholm, Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien [Tübingen], Eindhoven University of Technology [Eindhoven] (TU/e), Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], University of Southampton, Max-Planck-Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Veritati - Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Social & Organizational Psychology, Organizational Psychology, Social Psychology, IBBA, A-LAB, Universiteit Leiden, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), University of California [Riverside] (UC Riverside), University of California (UC), Universität Bonn = University of Bonn, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Tel Aviv University (TAU), Faculteit Economie en Bedrijfskunde, Experimental and Political Economics / CREED (ASE, FEB), PSC (FdR), Human Performance Management, EAISI Health, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], van Doesum, N, Murphy, R, Gallucci, M, Aharonov-Majar, E, Athenstaedt, U, Au, W, Bai, L, Bohm, R, Bovina, I, Buchan, N, Chen, X, Dumont, K, Engelmann, J, Eriksson, K, Euh, H, Fiedler, S, Friesen, J, Gachter, S, Garcia, C, Gonzalez, R, Graf, S, Growiec, K, Guimond, S, Hrebickova, M, Immer-Bernold, E, Joireman, J, Karagonlar, G, Kawakami, K, Kiyonari, T, Kou, Y, Kuhlman, D, Kyrtsis, A, Lay, S, Leonardelli, G, Li, N, Li, Y, Maciejovsky, B, Manesi, Z, Mashuri, A, Mok, A, Moser, K, Motak, L, Netedu, A, Pammi, C, Platow, M, Raczka-Winkler, K, Reinders Folmer, C, Reyna, C, Romano, A, Shalvi, S, Simao, C, Stivers, A, Strimling, P, Tsirbas, Y, Utz, S, van der Meij, L, Waldzus, S, Wang, Y, Weber, B, Weisel, O, Wildschut, T, Winter, F, Wu, J, Yong, J, and van Lange, P

Subjects
Mindfulness, L900, Kindness, media_common.quotation_subject, Social mindfulness, Social Sciences, Globe, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 050109 social psychology, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], 050105 experimental psychology, Providing material, SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals, Cross-national difference, medicine, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, media_common, Multidisciplinary, social mindfulness, cross-national differences, low-cost cooperation, 05 social sciences, C800, Cross-national differences, medicine.anatomical_structure, Variation (linguistics), Low-cost cooperation, Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Social animal, Social mindfulne, Psychology, Developed country, Social psychology
Abstract

Significance Cooperation is key to well-functioning groups and societies. Rather than addressing high-cost cooperation involving giving money or time and effort, we examine social mindfulness—a form of interpersonal benevolence that requires basic perspective-taking and is aimed at leaving choice for others. Do societies differ in social mindfulness, and if so, does it matter? Here, we find not only considerable variation across 31 nations and regions but also an association between social mindfulness and countries’ performance on environmental protection. We conclude that something as small and concrete as interpersonal benevolence can be entwined with current and future issues of global importance., Humans are social animals, but not everyone will be mindful of others to the same extent. Individual differences have been found, but would social mindfulness also be shaped by one’s location in the world? Expecting cross-national differences to exist, we examined if and how social mindfulness differs across countries. At little to no material cost, social mindfulness typically entails small acts of attention or kindness. Even though fairly common, such low-cost cooperation has received little empirical attention. Measuring social mindfulness across 31 samples from industrialized countries and regions (n = 8,354), we found considerable variation. Among selected country-level variables, greater social mindfulness was most strongly associated with countries’ better general performance on environmental protection. Together, our findings contribute to the literature on prosociality by targeting the kind of everyday cooperation that is more focused on communicating benevolence than on providing material benefits.

Published
2021
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28. Magnetic helicity estimations in models and observations of the solar magnetic field. Part IV: Application to solar observations

Author

Gherardo Valori, Julia K. Thalmann, Shangbin Yang, Y. Liu, Manolis K. Georgoulis, Yang Guo, Alpha Mastrano, K. Moraitis, Feng Chen, Sergey Anfinogentov, Etienne Pariat, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Research Center for Astronomy and Applied Mathematics [Athens], Academy of Athens, Stanford University, Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics [Irkutsk] (ISTP), Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Nanjing University (NJU), University of Ioannina, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), The University of Sydney, and University of Graz

Subjects
Physics, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Solar magnetic fields, 0211 other engineering and technologies, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Computational physics, Magnetic field, Solar coronal mass ejections, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Magnetic helicity, Solar flares, 021105 building & construction, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Space Physics, Astronomy data analysis, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astronomy data modeling
Abstract

In this ISSI-supported series of studies on magnetic helicity in the Sun, we systematically implement different magnetic helicity calculation methods on high-quality solar magnetogram observations. We apply finite-volume, discrete flux tube (in particular, connectivity-based) and flux-integration methods to data from Hinode's Solar Optical Telescope. The target is NOAA active region 10930 during a ~1.5 day interval in December 2006 that included a major eruptive flare (SOL2006-12-13T02:14X3.4). Finite-volume and connectivity-based methods yield instantaneous budgets of the coronal magnetic helicity, while the flux-integration methods allow an estimate of the accumulated helicity injected through the photosphere. The objectives of our work are twofold: A cross-validation of methods, as well as an interpretation of the complex events leading to the eruption. To the first objective, we find (i) strong agreement among the finite-volume methods, (ii) a moderate agreement between the connectivity-based and finite-volume methods, (iii) an excellent agreement between the flux-integration methods, and (iv) an overall agreement between finite-volume and flux-integration based estimates regarding the predominant sign and magnitude of the helicity. To the second objective, we are confident that the photospheric helicity flux significantly contributed to the coronal helicity budget, and that a right-handed structure erupted from a predominantly left-handed corona during the X-class flare. Overall, we find that the use of different methods to estimate the (accumulated) coronal helicity may be necessary in order to draw a complete picture of an active-region corona, given the careful handling of identified data (preparation) issues, which otherwise would mislead the event analysis and interpretation., Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal, 29 pages, 9 figures

Published
2021
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29. European Reference Network for rare adult solid cancers, statement and integration to health care systems of member states

Author

Blay, J-Y, Casali, P, Bouvier, C, Dehais, C, Galloway, I, Gietema, J, Halámková, J, Hindi, N, Idbaih, A, Kinloch, E, Klümpen, H-J, Kolarova, T, Kopeckova, K, Lovey, J, Magalhaes, M, Oselin, K, Piperno-Neumann, S, Ravnsbaek, A, Rogasik, M, Safwat, A, Scheipl, S, Seckl, M, Taylor, J, Temnyk, M, Trama, A, Urbonas, M, Wartenberg, M, Weinman, A, EURACAN Network, Oncology, CCA - Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (UNICANCER/CRCL), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori - National Cancer Institute [Milan], Royal Free Hospital [London, UK], Service de neurologie 2 [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute (RECAMO), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío [Sevilla], University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), University Hospital Motol [Prague], National Institute of Oncology [Budapest, Hungary], Centro Hospitalar do Porto, North Estonia Medical Center, Institut Curie [Paris], Aarhus University Hospital, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Charing Cross Hospital & Imperial College, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (MCMCC), Kaunas University of Technology (KTU), EURORDIS-Rare Diseases Europe (Bureau de Paris), EURORDIS - Plateforme Maladies Rares [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Graz

Subjects
Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Statement (logic), MEDLINE, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, News, GUIDELINES, DIAGNOSIS, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, EURACAN Network, Health care, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, business.industry, Member states, 3. Good health, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Family medicine, SURVIVAL, Position paper, SARCOMA PATIENTS, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, BURDEN
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021
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30. Characteristics of Resonant Electrons Interacting With Whistler Waves in the Nearest Dipolarizing Magnetotail

Author

E. V. Panov, David R. Shklyar, Andrei Yu. Malykhin, Levon A. Avanov, O. Le Contel, Elena Grigorenko, Barbara L. Giles, Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Institute of Physics [Graz], Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), and University of Graz

Subjects
Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Whistler, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Plasma sheet, Electron, 01 natural sciences, Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft observations in the burst mode allow the determination of the characteristics of resonant electrons interacting with quasi-parallel whistler waves during prolonged dipolarizations in the near Earth magnetotail at −22 RE < X ≤ −8 RE. We have detected 163 whistler bursts observed during 48 dipolarization events. The bursts were registered within ∼13 min following the dipolarization onset when the burst mode observations were available. In the majority of events, electrons with energies Wres ≥ 10 keV and pitch angles αres ∼ 100°–130° and αres ∼ 50°–80°made the maximum positive contribution to the growth rate of whistler waves propagating quasi-parallel and antiparallel to the ambient magnetic field, respectively. Our analysis shows that electrons with Wres ∼ 10–20 keV could potentially be scattered into the loss cone by the low frequency whistler waves with fw ∼ (0.05–0.2)fce (fw is the wave frequency and fce is the electron gyrofrequency). The electrons that are scattered into the loss cone can contribute to electron precipitation within ∼13 min following the dipolarization onset. We suggest that whistler waves that are excited due to cyclotron instability driven by the temperature anisotropy of suprathermal electrons (≥2 keV) may, in turn, affect electron distribution in this energy range. Specifically, lower energy resonant electrons transfer a part of their kinetic energy to waves, while more energetic electrons absorb wave energy increasing their kinetic energy. This may lead to the transformation of higher-energy part of electron distribution from Maxwellian to the power law shape.

Published
2021
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31. Ensuring a Post-COVID Economic Agenda Tackles Global Biodiversity Loss

Author

Irene Ring, Eszter Kelemen, Michael W. Howard, Daniel C. Miller, Joachim H. Spangenberg, Esther Turnout, Anthony Waldron, Mireille Chiroleu-Assouline, Rupert J. Baumgartner, Eric Mungatana, Jennifer Clapp, Brent Bleys, Rui Santos, Pamela McElwee, Tim Jackson, Graciela M. Rusch, Hien T. Ngo, Cindy Isenhour, Department of Human Ecology, Rutgers University, Forest and Nature Conservation Policy Group, Wageningen University, Paris School of Economics (PSE), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, University of Waterloo, Department of Anthropology & Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Center for the Understanding of Sustainable Prosperity, University of Surrey, ESSRG ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH GROUP HUN, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Sustainable Europe Research Institute (SERI), Cambridge Conservation Initiative, Cambridge University, University of Graz, Ghent University, University of Maine, University of Pretoria [South Africa], IPBES, International Institute Zittau, Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia = School of Science & Technology (FCT NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA), ANR-17-EURE-0001,PGSE,Ecole d'Economie de Paris(2017), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], and University of Surrey (UNIS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Natural resource economics, Zoology and botany: 480 [VDP], Biodiversity, WASS, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Forest and Nature Conservation Policy, Ecosystem services, 11. Sustainability, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Global health, Bos- en Natuurbeleid, Ecosystem, transformative change, Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 [VDP], JEL: Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q5 - Environmental Economics/Q.Q5.Q58 - Government Policy, climate, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, biodiversity, economic policy, 1. No poverty, COVID-19, 15. Life on land, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, JEL: Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q5 - Environmental Economics/Q.Q5.Q57 - Ecological Economics: Ecosystem Services • Biodiversity Conservation • Bioeconomics • Industrial Ecology, Fiscal policy, Incentive, 13. Climate action, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, Perspective, sustainable economies, Financialization, Business, JEL: Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q2 - Renewable Resources and Conservation, Global biodiversity
Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused dramatic and unprecedented impacts to both global health and economies. Many governments are now proposing recovery packages to get back to normal, but the 2019 Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Global Assessment indicated that business as usual has created widespread ecosystem degradation. Therefore, a post-COVID world needs to tackle the economic drivers that create ecological disruptions. In this Perspective, we discuss a number of tools across a range of actors for both short-term stimulus measures and longer-term revamping of global, national, and local economies that take biodiversity into account. These include measures to shift away from activities that damage biodiversity and towards those supporting ecosystem resilience, including through incentives, regulations, fiscal policy and employment programs. By treating the crisis as an opportunity to reset the global economy, we have a chance to reverse decades of biodiversity and ecosystem losses., The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented impacts to global economies, and recovery from this pandemic needs to tackle the drivers that create ecological disruptions in the first place. We discuss a number of tools across a range of actors for both short-term stimulus measures and longer-term revamping of global, national, and local economies that take biodiversity into account. By treating the crisis as an opportunity to reset the global economy, we can reverse decades of biodiversity and ecosystem losses.

Published
2021
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32. Oxidized phospholipids on alkyl-amide scaffold demonstrate anti-endotoxin and endothelial barrier-protective properties

Author

Alma Hodzic, Thierry Durand, Pratap Karki, Jean-Marie Galano, Bernd Gesslbauer, Juliane G. Bogner-Strauss, Yunbo Ke, Olga Oskolkova, Anna A. Birukova, Valery N. Bochkov, Konstantin G. Birukov, Camille Oger, Dina Hofer, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland System, Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz), Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] (IBMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Graz

Subjects
Phospholipid, Lipopolysaccharide, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Biochemistry, Oxidized phospholipids, Synthesis, Lung endothelial barrier, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Phospholipase A1, Physiology (medical), Amide, Animals, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Alkyl, Phospholipids, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Fatty acid, Lipid signaling, Oxylipin, Amides, In vitro, Endotoxins, chemistry, Biophysics, Phosphatidylcholines, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Oxidation-Reduction
Abstract

International audience; Oxidized phospholipids (OxPLs) containing enzymatically or non-enzymatically oxidized fatty acids (oxylipins) are increasingly recognized as lipid mediators involved in pathogenesis of diseases. Further understanding of structure-activity relationship and molecular mechanisms activated by OxPLs is hampered by the complexity of synthesis of individual molecular species. Although dozens of individual free oxylipins are commercially available, their attachment to the phospholipid scaffold requires relatively harsh conditions during activation of carboxy-group, which may lead to decomposition of unstable oxylipins. Furthermore, additional protection-deprotection steps are required for oxylipins containing hydroxy-groups. In this work we describe synthesis of OxPLs containing oxylipins bound at the sn-2-position via an amide-bond that is characteristic of sphingophospholipids. Activation of oxylipins and attachment to the phospholipid scaffold are performed under mild conditions and characterized by high yield. Hydroxy-groups of oxylipins do not interfere with reactions and therefore no protection/deprotection steps are needed. In order to prevent oxylipin migration, a fatty acid residue at the sn-1 was bound through an alkyl bond, which is a common bond present in a large proportion of naturally occurring phospholipids. An additional advantage of combining alkyl and amide bonds in a single phospholipid molecule is that both types of bonds are phospholipase A1/A2-resistant, which may be expected to improve biological stability of OxPLs and thus simplify analysis of their effects. As proof of principle, several alkyl-amide oxidized phosphatidylcholines (OxPCs) containing either linear or prostane ring oxylipins have been synthesized. Importantly, we show here that alkyl-amide-OxPCs demonstrated biological activities similar to those of di-acyl-OxPCs. Alkyl-amide-OxPCs inhibited pro-inflammatory action of LPS and increased endothelial cellular barrier in vitro and in mouse models. The effects of alkyl-amide and di-acyl-OxPCs developed in a similar range of concentrations. We hypothesize that alkyl-amide-OxPLs may become a useful tool for deeper analysis of the structure-activity relationship of OxPLs.

Published
2021
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33. Prepositional adverbials in the diachrony of Romance: a state of the art

Author

Inka Wissner, Benjamín García-Hernández, Martin Hummel, Jairo Javier García Sánchez, Adrian Chircu, David Porcel Bueno, Stefan Koch, Edition, Littératures, Langages, Informatique, Arts, Didactique, Discours - UFC (EA 4661) (ELLIADD), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Universitatea Babeş-Bolyai [Cluj-Napoca], Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá (UAH), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Universidad de Granada (UGR), Edition, Littératures, Langages, Informatique, Arts, Didactique, Discours - UFC (UR 4661) (ELLIADD), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)

Subjects
060201 languages & linguistics, Linguistics and Language, History, Literature and Literary Theory, media_common.quotation_subject, 06 humanities and the arts, Adverb, Romance languages, Romance, Language and Linguistics, Linguistics, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 030507 speech-language pathology & audiology, 03 medical and health sciences, State (polity), 0602 languages and literature, Literary criticism, 0305 other medical science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common
Abstract

The paper provides a state of the art in research on prepositional adverbials in Romance that combine a preposition with an adjective, e.g., Sp. en breve ‘in short’ (= PA-pattern). It therefore reviews the existing bibliography on Romance in general, Latin, Catalan, French, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, and Spanish. The theoretical background is the hypothesis that the PA-pattern could have played a relevant role as a third way of forming adverbials in the diachrony of Romance, paralleling adverbial adjectives (e.g., breve used as an adverb: hablar breve) and derived adverbs (e.g., brevemente). The review confirms that the PA-pattern is marginal in (written) Latin but rises abruptly in early Romance, suggesting a “hidden” past in spoken Latin. This is corroborated by the fact that similar PA-patterns are used in all Romance languages. However, these insights have often to be deduced from marginal observations on the adverbials in use. As yet, research has not systematically studied the role of PA adverbials in the diachrony of Romance.

Published
2019
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34. Taylor expansions of the value function associated with a bilinear optimal control problem

Author

Laurent Pfeiffer, Tobias Breiten, Karl Kunisch, Institut für Mathematik [Graz] (IM), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Johann Radon Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics (RICAM), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Centre de Mathématiques Appliquées - Ecole Polytechnique (CMAP), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Controle, Optimisation, modèles, Méthodes et Applications pour les Systèmes Dynamiques non linéaires (COMMANDS), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz

Subjects
Lyapunov function, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Multilinear map, Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation, 02 engineering and technology, Hamilton-Jacobi Bellman equation, 01 natural sciences, Riccati equation, symbols.namesake, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Generalized Lyapunov equations, Bellman equation, FOS: Mathematics, Value function, Taylor series, Applied mathematics, [MATH]Mathematics [math], 0101 mathematics, Bilinear control systems, Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Mathematical Physics, Mathematics, Applied Mathematics, 010102 general mathematics, Fokker-Planck equation, 16. Peace & justice, Optimal control, Optimization and Control (math.OC), symbols, Fokker–Planck equation, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Analysis
Abstract

International audience; A general bilinear optimal control problem subject to an infinitedimensional state equation is considered. Polynomial approximations of the associated value function are derived around the steady state by repeated forma ldifferentiation of the Hamilton–Jacobi-Bellman equation. The terms of the approximations are described by multilinear forms, which can be obtained as solutions to generalized Lyapunov equations with recursively defined right-handsides.They form the basis for defining a sub-optimal feedback law.The approximation properties of this feedback law are investigated. An application to the optimal control of a Fokker-Planck equation is also provided.

Published
2019
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35. Schauder Estimates for a Class of Potential Mean Field Games of Controls

Author

J. Frédéric Bonnans, Laurent Pfeiffer, Saeed Hadikhanloo, Controle, Optimisation, modèles, Méthodes et Applications pour les Systèmes Dynamiques non linéaires (COMMANDS), Centre de Mathématiques Appliquées - Ecole Polytechnique (CMAP), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Mathematik [Graz] (IM), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], The first author acknowledges support from the FiME Lab (Institut Europlace de Finance). The two first authorsacknowledges support from the PGMO project ‘Optimal control of conservation equations’, itself supported by iCODE(IDEX Paris-Saclay) and the Hadamard Mathematics LabEx, and Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Class (set theory), Control and Optimization, Extended mean field games, 91A13, 49N70, 02 engineering and technology, Mean field games of controls, 01 natural sciences, AMS: 91A13, 49N70, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, FOS: Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], Applied mathematics, 0101 mathematics, Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Mathematics, Hölder estimates, Applied Mathematics, 010102 general mathematics, Term (time), Potential formulation, Mean field theory, Optimization and Control (math.OC), Strongly coupled mean field games, A priori and a posteriori, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Schauder estimates, 49N70
Abstract

An existence result for a class of mean field games of controls is provided. In the considered model, the cost functional to be minimized by each agent involves a price depending at a given time on the controls of all agents and a congestion term. The existence of a classical solution is demonstrated with the Leray–Schauder theorem; the proof relies in particular on a priori bounds for the solution, which are obtained with the help of a potential formulation of the problem.

Published
2019
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36. The metabolomic signature of extreme longevity: naked mole rats versus mice

Author

Frank Madeo, Sylvère Durand, Deborah Lefevre, Mélanie Viltard, Christine Leroy, Maria Perez-Lanzon, Guido Kroemer, Gérard Friedlander, Fanny Aprahamian, Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Fondation pour la Recherche en Physiologie [Brussels, Belgium], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris-Saclay, AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM - UM 111 (UMR 8253 / U1151)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), University of Science & Technology of China [Suzhou], Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], Plateforme de métabolomique, Direction de la recherche [Gustave Roussy], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), GK is supported by the Ligue contre le Cancer (équipe labellisée), Agence National de la Recherche (ANR) – Projets blancs, ANR under the frame of E-Rare-2, the ERA-Net for Research on Rare Diseases, Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC), Cancéropôle Ile-de-France, Chancelerie des universités de Paris (Legs Poix), Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM), a donation by Elior, European Research Area Network on Cardiovascular Diseases (ERA-CVD, MINOTAUR), Gustave Roussy Odyssea, the European Union Horizon 2020 Project Oncobiome, Fondation Carrefour, High-end Foreign Expert Program in China (GDW20171100085 and GDW20181100051), Institut National du Cancer (INCa), Inserm (HTE), Institut Universitaire de France, LeDucq Foundation, the LabEx Immuno-Oncology (ANR-18-IDEX-0001), the RHU Torino Lumière, the Seerave Foundation, the SIRIC Stratified Oncology Cell DNA Repair and Tumor Immune Elimination (SOCRATE), and the SIRIC Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine (CARPEM). F.M. is grateful to the Austrian Science Fund FWF (SFB LIPOTOX F3007 & F3012, W1226, P29203, P29262, P27893, P 31727 and the Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research and the University of Graz for grants 'Unkonventionelle Forschung-InterFast' and 'flysleep' (BMWFW 80.109/0001-WF/V/3b/2015) as well as the field of excellence program BioHealth. We acknowledge support from NAWI Graz and the BioTechMed-Graz flagship project 'EPIAge'. M.V. is grateful to the Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort (EnvA) and the Association De Prévoyance Santé (ADPS) partners of Allianz, for their invaluable help in establishing and funding the animal facility. M.P.L. is supported by Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM FDT201904008383)., Université de Paris (UP), and Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]

Subjects
autophagy, Aging, Rodent, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine.medical_treatment, media_common.quotation_subject, Longevity, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Metabolomics, Species Specificity, biology.animal, spermidine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Metabolome, microbiota, Animals, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, meta-organism, 0303 health sciences, biology, Vitamin E, Mole Rats, catabolism, Laboratory mouse, Cell Biology, Rats, Spermidine, Metabolic pathway, antioxidants, Biochemistry, chemistry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Priority Research Paper
Abstract

International audience; The naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) is characterized by a more than tenfold higher life expectancy compared to another rodent species of the same size, namely, the laboratory mouse (Mus musculus). We used mass spectrometric metabolomics to analyze circulating plasma metabolites in both species at different ages. Interspecies differences were much more pronounced than age-associated alterations in the metabolome. Such interspecies divergences affected multiple metabolic pathways involving amino, bile and fatty acids as well as monosaccharides and nucleotides. The most intriguing metabolites were those that had previously been linked to pro-health and antiaging effects in mice and that were significantly increased in the long-lived rodent compared to its short-lived counterpart. This pattern applies to α-tocopherol (also known as vitamin E) and polyamines (in particular cadaverine, N8-acetylspermidine and N1,N8-diacetylspermidine), all of which were more abundant in naked mole-rats than in mice. Moreover, the age-associated decline in spermidine and N1-acetylspermidine levels observed in mice did not occur, or is even reversed (in the case of N1-acetylspermidine) in naked mole-rats. In short, the present metabolomics analysis provides a series of testable hypotheses to explain the exceptional longevity of naked mole-rats.

Published
2019
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37. ATGL-dependent white adipose tissue lipolysis controls hepatocyte PPARα activity

Author

Anne Fougerat, Gabriele Schoiswohl, Arnaud Polizzi, Marion Régnier, Carina Wagner, Sarra Smati, Tiffany Fougeray, Yannick Lippi, Frederic Lasserre, Ilyès Raho, Valentine Melin, Blandine Tramunt, Raphaël Métivier, Caroline Sommer, Fadila Benhamed, Chantal Alkhoury, Franziska Greulich, Céline Jouffe, Anthony Emile, Michael Schupp, Pierre Gourdy, Patricia Dubot, Thierry Levade, Delphine Meynard, Sandrine Ellero-Simatos, Laurence Gamet-Payrastre, Ganna Panasyuk, Henriette Uhlenhaut, Ez-Zoubir Amri, Céline Cruciani-Guglielmacci, Catherine Postic, Walter Wahli, Nicolas Loiseau, Alexandra Montagner, Dominique Langin, Achim Lass, Hervé Guillou, Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Transcriptomic impact of Xenobiotics (E23 TRiX), Plateforme Génome & Transcriptome (GET), Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA (UMR_8251 / U1133)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPC), Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Casdiovasculaires (UPS/Inserm U1297 - I2MC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM - UM 111 (UMR 8253 / U1151)), Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive (IRSD ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Toxicologie Intégrative & Métabolisme (ToxAlim-TIM), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), German Research Center for Environmental Health - Helmholtz Center München (GmbH), Institut de Biologie Valrose (IBV), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], University of Lausanne (UNIL), BioTechMed-Graz, Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]-Medical University Graz, Région Occitanie, FRM (FDM201906008682), Boulos Foundation, ERC-2018-COG-MetaboSENS-819543, German Research Foundation (DFG) (SCH 2546/5-1), the Leuchtturmprojekt/Flagship Project 'Lipases and Lipid Signaling' funded by BioTechMed-Graz, ANR-16-CE14-0029,NUTRISENSPIK,Déterminants moléculaires de l'homéostasie hépatique nutritive(2016), ANR-17-CE14-0015,HepAdialogue,Impact du métabolisme des acides gras des tissus adipeux et du foie sur l'insulinorésistance(2017), ANR-21-CE14-0079,Hepatologic,Réseau de controle des réponses transcriptionnelles hépatiques aux challenges nutritionnels par des récepteurs nucléaires(2021), European Project: 267196,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2010-COFUND,AGREENSKILLS(2012), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Medical University of Graz, Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), unité de recherche de l'institut du thorax UMR1087 UMR6291 (ITX), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes Université - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (Nantes Univ - UFR MEDECINE), Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service Diabétologie [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Cardiovasculaire et Métabolique [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Technische Universität Graz (TU Graz), Région Occitanie B.T. was supported by FRM (FDM201906008682)., Boulos Foundation and FRM., German Research Foundation (DFG) (SCH 2546/5-1 to M.S.), I3535, andP34899 (A.L.) by Austrian Science Fund (FWF, ERC-2018-COG-MetaboSENS- 819543 (G.P.), the Leuchtturmprojekt/Flagship Project ‘‘Lipases and Lipid Signaling’’ (A.L.), funded by BioTechMed-Graz, and by P28882-B21 (G.S.), European Project: 609398,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-COFUND,AGREENSKILLSPLUS(2014), Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, LESUR, Hélène, Impact du métabolisme des acides gras des tissus adipeux et du foie sur l'insulinorésistance - - HepAdialogue2017 - ANR-17-CE14-0015 - AAPG2017 - VALID, Réseau de controle des réponses transcriptionnelles hépatiques aux challenges nutritionnels par des récepteurs nucléaires - - Hepatologic2021 - ANR-21-CE14-0079 - AAPG2021 - VALID, Déterminants moléculaires de l'homéostasie hépatique nutritive - - NUTRISENSPIK2016 - ANR-16-CE14-0029 - AAPG2016 - VALID, and AgreenSkills+ - AGREENSKILLSPLUS - - EC:FP7:PEOPLE2014-05-05 - 2019-05-04 - 609398 - VALID

Subjects
fasting, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Adipose Tissue, White, Metabolism, Fgf21, Pparα, Fasting, Ketogenesis, Lipolysis [Atgl, Cp], [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Ketone Bodies, [SDV.TOX.TCA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Toxicology and food chain, [SDV.BBM.BM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, PPARα, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, ATGL, FGF21, Adipose Tissue, Brown, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], PPAR alpha, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, [SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, CP: Metabolism, ketogenesis, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Adipose Tissue, Hepatocytes, lipolysis, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

International audience; In hepatocytes, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) orchestrates a genomic and metabolic response required for homeostasis during fasting. This includes the biosynthesis of ketone bodies and of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). Here we show that in the absence of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) in adipocytes, ketone body and FGF21 production is impaired upon fasting. Liver gene expression analysis highlights a set of fasting-induced genes sensitive to both ATGL deletion in adipocytes and PPARα deletion in hepatocytes. Adipose tissue lipolysis induced by activation of the β3-adrenergic receptor also triggers such PPARα-dependent responses not only in the liver but also in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Intact PPARα activity in hepatocytes is required for the cross-talk between adipose tissues and the liver during fat mobilization.

Published
2022
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38. Is Design Thinking an effective method to generate circular economy based solutions in a socially distanced world? Experiences from an online Design Thinking workshop

Author

Maria, Tomas, Diaz, Anna, Delgadillo, Estephania, Vermeulen, Walter, Carrillo, Tatiana Reyes, Baumgartner, Rupert, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Interdisciplinary research on Society-Technology-Environment (InSyTE), Université de Technologie de Troyes (UTT), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Delgadillo Jaime, Estephania, and Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, Conceptualization, Sustainability, Design Thinking, [SHS.ENVIR] Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Circular Economy, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract

International audience; Circular Economy (CE) is commonly proposed as a means to advance towards the Sustainable Development Goals. Design thinking (DT) has been identified as an innovative problemsolving approach, capable of addressing complex challenges, such as the CE, through multidisciplinary collaboration. Currently, the spaces for multi-stakeholder collaboration have been affected by Covid-19 restrictions, forcing organizations to develop online collaboration capabilities. Accordingly, this study aims to assess the effectiveness of the application of DT to generate CE-based solutions to address a sustainability challenge in an online setting. The assessment particularly addresses the extent to which a purposefully adapted DT process allows to conceptualize sustainability solutions, and, the user experiences in a digital collaboration environment. This research presents the findings obtained from an online DT workshop focused on proposing circular business models to improve the sustainability impacts of urban mobility in the city of Graz, Austria. The event involved 39 sustainability experts from academia, industry, public sector and NGOs, participating in five teams, each led by a workshop facilitator. Three specific activities have been elaborated to embed a focus on sustainability, which are combined with traditional DT exercises, and adapted to a digital environment. We report the outcomes of the online workshop and reflect on the adapted method strengths and weaknesses. DT is supported as a plausible method to conceptualize CE-based solutions, however, sustainability aspects need to be embedded throughout the problem-solving process.

Published
2021

39. α-Linolenic acid and product octadecanoids in Styrian pumpkin seeds and oils: How processing impacts lipidomes of fatty acid, triacylglycerol and oxylipin molecular structures

Author

Claire Vigor, Bingqing Zhou, Camille Oger, Heimo Wolinski, Thomas Züllig, Husam B. R. Alabed, Jürgen Hartler, Martin Trötzmüller, Friedrich Spener, Lucas Hilsberg, Jean-Marie Galano, Gerald N. Rechberger, Thomas O. Eichmann, Roberto Maria Pellegrino, Thierry Durand, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] (IBMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Medical University Graz, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), and University of Graz

Subjects
Taste, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo var. styriaca, Styrian pumpkin seed oil, 03 medical and health sciences, food, Cucurbita, Lipidomics, Plant Oils, Cultivar, Food science, Triacyl-glycerols, Oxylipins, Pumpkin Seed Oil, Triglycerides, 030304 developmental biology, α-linolenic acid, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Pumpkin seed, Molecular Structure, 010401 analytical chemistry, Fatty Acids, Fatty acid, alpha-Linolenic Acid, General Medicine, α-Linolenic acid, Oxylipin, food.food, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, Seeds, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; Styrian pumpkin seed oil is a conditioned green-colored oil renowned for nutty smell and taste. Due to α-linolenic acid (ALA) contents below 1% of total fatty acids and the prospect of nutritional health claims based on its potential oxidation products, we investigated the fate of ALA and product oxylipins in the course of downstream processing of seeds and in oils. Lipidomic analyses with Lipid Data Analyzer 2.8.1 revealed: Processing did not change (1) main fatty acid composition in the oils, (2) amounts of triacylglycerol species, (3) structures of triacylglycerol molecular species containing ALA. (4) Minor precursor ALA in fresh Styrian and normal pumpkins produced 6 product phytoprostanes in either cultivar, quantitatively more in the latter. (5) In oil samples 7 phytoprostanes and 2 phytofurans were detected. The latter two are specific for their presence in pumpkin seed oils, of note, quantitatively more in conditioned oils than in cold-pressed native oils.

Published
2021
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40. Effects of acyl-coenzyme A binding protein (ACBP)/diazepam-binding inhibitor (DBI) on body mass index

Author

Hui Chen, Fabrice Andre, Gerasimos Anagnostopoulos, Frédéric Fumeron, Isabelle Martins, Antoine Lafarge, François Goldwasser, Franziska Grundler, Frank Madeo, Maria Castedo, Benoit Blanchet, Safae Terrisse, Ines Vaz-Luis, Adrien Joseph, Omar Motiño, Françoise Wilhelmi de Toledo, Ronan Roussel, Laurence Zitvogel, Karine Clément, Anne Laure Martin, Maria Chiara Maiuri, Léa Montégut, Guido Kroemer, HAL-SU, Gestionnaire, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Université Paris-Saclay, Service de Nutrition [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Institut E3M [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Nutrition et obésités: approches systémiques (UMR-S 1269) (Nutriomics), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), UNICANCER, Biomarqueurs prédictifs et nouvelles stratégies moléculaires en thérapeutique anticancéreuse (U981), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Direction de la recherche [Gustave Roussy], Buchinger Wilhelmi Clinic, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biotherapie des cancers (CIC 1428 , CBT 507 ), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Cibles Thérapeutiques et conception de médicaments (CiTCoM - UMR 8038), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), CIC - CHU Bichat, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Paris (UP), Nutrition et obésités: approches systémiques (nutriomics) (UMR-S 1269 INSERM - Sorbonne Université), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Service de nutrition [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and University of Graz

Subjects
Male, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Immunology, Adipose tissue, Context (language use), Article, Body Mass Index, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Overnutrition, Internal medicine, Germany, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, medicine, Animals, Humans, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Obesity, 030304 developmental biology, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, 2. Zero hunger, Diazepam Binding Inhibitor, Mice, Knockout, 0303 health sciences, QH573-671, Chemistry, Binding protein, Body Weight, Diagnostic markers, Cell Biology, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Endocrinology, Female, France, medicine.symptom, Cytology, Body mass index, Diazepam binding inhibitor, Weight gain, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Homeostasis
Abstract

In mice, the plasma concentrations of the appetite-stimulatory and autophagy-inhibitory factor acyl-coenzyme A binding protein (ACBP, also called diazepam-binding inhibitor, DBI) acutely increase in response to starvation, but also do so upon chronic overnutrition leading to obesity. Here, we show that knockout of Acbp/Dbi in adipose tissue is sufficient to prevent high-fat diet-induced weight gain in mice. We investigated ACBP/DBI plasma concentrations in several patient cohorts to discover a similar dual pattern of regulation. In relatively healthy subjects, ACBP/DBI concentrations independently correlated with body mass index (BMI) and age. The association between ACBP/DBI and BMI was lost in subjects that underwent major weight gain in the subsequent 3–9 years, as well as in advanced cancer patients. Voluntary fasting, undernutrition in the context of advanced cancer, as well as chemotherapy were associated with an increase in circulating ACBP/DBI levels. Altogether, these results support the conclusion that ACBP/DBI may play an important role in body mass homeostasis as well as in its failure.

Published
2021
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41. Identification of material parameters for a violin bridge from dynamic output data

Author

Marschke, Sandra, Ring, Wolfgang, University of Graz, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], and Marschke, Sandra

Subjects
[PHYS.MECA.STRU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.MECA.STRU] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.MECA.STRU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of the structures [physics.class-ph], [MATH.MATH-OC] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]
Abstract

In this work we present an output least-squares method for the identification of elastic material parameters for orthotropic material specimens like a wooden violin bridge. The basis for the optimisation are measurements of the transient behaviour of the investigated object. Such an approach points out an alternative to the widely spread usage of destructive tensile tests. Based on the dynamical output data we then design a cost functional assessing its amplitude and phase information for the optimisation. We then derive the sensitivities of this cost functional with help of the adjoint equation and subsequently explain the algorithmic approach via a quasi-Newton method, i.e. the BFGS-method in combination with an Armi-joGoldstein line search technique. For the numerical simulations the damped elastic wave equation on the complex three-dimensional violin bridge geometry will serve as the modelling equation. In the last section we complete the discussion with an elucidation of several successful numerical experiments for the violin bridge.

Published
2021

42. IGF1 receptor inhibition amplifies the effects of cancer drugs by autophagy and immune-dependent mechanisms−

Author

Wu, Qi, Tian, Ai-Ling, Li, Bei, Leduc, Marion, Forveille, Sabrina, Hamley, Peter, Galloway, Warren, Xie, Wei, Liu, Peng, Zhao, Liwei, Zhang, Shuai, Hui, Pan, Madeo, Frank, Tu, Yi, Kepp, Oliver, Kroemer, Guido, Wuhan University [China], Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Université Paris-Saclay, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Chinese Academy of Sciences [Wuhan Branch], Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], University of Graz, HAL-SU, Gestionnaire, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz

Subjects
Antineoplastic Agents, Basic Tumor Immunology, systems biology, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, [SDV.IMM.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Immunotherapy, Receptor, IGF Type 1, Mice, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Autophagy, breast neoplasms, Animals, Humans, Female, immunotherapy, [SDV.IMM.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Immunotherapy
Abstract

International audience; Background Pharmacological autophagy enhancement constitutes a preclinically validated strategy for preventing or treating most major age-associated diseases. Driven by this consideration, we performed a high-content/high-throughput screen on 65 000 distinct compounds on a robotized fluorescence microscopy platform to identify novel autophagy inducers.Results Here, we report the discovery of picropodophyllin (PPP) as a potent inducer of autophagic flux that acts on-target, as an inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R). Thus, PPP lost its autophagy-stimulatory activity in cells engineered to lack IGF1R or to express a constitutively active AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1) mutant. When administered to cancer-bearing mice, PPP improved the therapeutic efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy with a combination of immunogenic cytotoxicants and programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1, better known as PD-1) blockade. These PPP effects were lost when tumors were rendered PPP-insensitive or autophagy-incompetent. In combination with chemotherapy, PPP enhanced the infiltration of tumors by cytotoxic T lymphocytes, while reducing regulatory T cells. In human triple-negative breast cancer patients, the activating phosphorylation of IGF1R correlated with inhibited autophagy, an unfavorable local immune profile, and poor prognosis.Conclusion Altogether, these results suggest that IGF1R may constitute a novel and druggable therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer in conjunction with chemoimmunotherapies.

Published
2021
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43. Empirical formulation for multiple groups of primary biological ice nucleating particles from field observations over Amazonia

Author

Vaughan T. J. Phillips, Cindy E. Morris, Paul J. DeMott, Susannah M. Burrows, Sachin Patade, Bettina Weber, Fábio Luiz Teixeira Gonçalves, Christopher Pöhlker, Pierre Amato, Jann Schrod, Heinz Bingemer, Carl Alwmark, Daniel A. Knopf, Paulo Artaxo, Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science [Lund], Lund University [Lund], Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences [Frankfurt/Main] (IAU), Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Department of Atmospheric Science [Fort Collins], Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), Departamento de Ciencias Atmosfericas [São Paulo], Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas [São Paulo] (IAG), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP)-Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Institute for Terrestrial and Planetary Atmospheres [Stony Brook] (ITPA), School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences [Stony Brook] (SoMAS), Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY)-Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Unité de Pathologie Végétale (PV), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Geology [Lund], Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Multiphase Chemistry Department [Mainz], Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Swedish Research Council (‘Vetenskapsradet’), German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF contracts 01LB1001A, 01LK1602A and 01LK1602B), U.S. National Science Foundation Award #1660486, NASA award NNX17AJ12G, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under the Research Unit FOR 1525 (INUIT), Max Planck Society, Brazilian Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (MCTI/FINEP contract 01.11.01248.00), Amazon State University (UEA), FAPEAM, LBA/INPA, SDS/CEUC/RDS-Uatumã, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science (BER), Atmospheric System Research (DE-SC0018929, DE-SC0016370, DE-SC0020006), European Project: 603445,EC:FP7:ENV,FP7-ENV-2013-two-stage,BACCHUS(2013), Universidade de São Paulo (USP)-Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], and University of Graz

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], Atmospheric Science, Detritus, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Atmospheric models, biology, Amazon rainforest, medicine.disease_cause, Atmospheric sciences, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Soot, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Aerosol, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Algae, FLORESTAS TROPICAIS, Pollen, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Ice nucleus, Environmental science, [MATH]Mathematics [math], 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Amazonie
Abstract

To resolve the various types of biological ice nuclei (IN) with atmospheric models, an extension of the empirical parameterization (EP) (Phillips et al. 2008; 2013) is proposed to predict the active IN from multiple groups of primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs). Our approach is to utilize coincident observations of PBAP sizes, concentrations, biological composition, and ice-nucleating ability. The parameterization organizes the PBAPs into five basic groups: fungal spores, bacteria, pollen, viral particles, plant/animal detritus, algae, and their respective fragments. This new biological component of the EP was constructed by fitting predicted concentrations of PBAP IN to those observed at the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) site located in the central Amazon. The fitting parameters for pollen and viral particles, plant/animal detritus, which are much less active as IN than fungal and bacterial groups, are constrained based on their ice nucleation activity from the literature. The parameterization has empirically derived dependencies on the surface area of each group (except algae), and the effects of variability in their mean sizes and number concentrations are represented via their influences on the surface area. The concentration of active algal IN is estimated from literature-based measurements.Predictions of this new biological component of the EP are consistent with previous laboratory and field observations not used in its construction. The EP scheme was implemented in a 0D parcel model. It confirms that biological IN account for most of the total IN activation at temperatures warmer than −20°C and at colder temperatures dust and soot become increasingly more important to ice nucleation.

Published
2021
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44. Airborne LiDAR-Derived Digital Elevation Model for Archaeology

Author

Benjamin Štular, Edisa Lozić, Stefan Eichert, ZRC SAZU, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Natural History Museum [Vienna] (NHM), and University of Graz

Subjects
DTM, digital feature model, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Science, DFM, confidence map, airborne LiDAR, DEM, archaeology, airborne laser scanning, ALS, QGIS plug-in
Abstract

International audience; The use of topographic airborne LiDAR data has become an essential part of archaeological prospection, and the need for an archaeology-specific data processing workflow is well known. It is therefore surprising that little attention has been paid to the key element of processing: an archaeology-specific DEM. Accordingly, the aim of this paper is to describe an archaeology-specific DEM in detail, provide a tool for its automatic precision assessment, and determine the appropriate grid resolution. We define an archaeology-specific DEM as a subtype of DEM, which is interpolated from ground points, buildings, and four morphological types of archaeological features. We introduce a confidence map (QGIS plug-in) that assigns a confidence level to each grid cell. This is primarily used to attach a confidence level to each archaeological feature, which is useful for detecting data bias in archaeological interpretation. Confidence mapping is also an effective tool for identifying the optimal grid resolution for specific datasets. Beyond archaeological applications, the confidence map provides clear criteria for segmentation, which is one of the unsolved problems of DEM interpolation. All of these are important steps towards the general methodological maturity of airborne LiDAR in archaeology, which is our ultimate goal.; L'utilisation de données LiDAR aéroportées topographiques est devenue un élément essentiel de la prospection archéologique, et la nécessité d'un flux de travail de traitement des données spécifique à l'archéologie est bien connue. Il est donc surprenant que peu d'attention ait été accordée à l'élément clé du traitement: un MNE spécifique à l'archéologie. En conséquence, le but de cet article est de décrire en détail un MNE spécifique à l'archéologie, de fournir un outil pour son évaluation automatique de la précision et de déterminer la résolution de grille appropriée. Nous définissons un DEM spécifique à l'archéologie comme un sous-type de DEM, qui est interpolé à partir de points au sol, de bâtiments et de quatre types morphologiques de caractéristiques archéologiques. Nous introduisons une carte de confiance (plug-in QGIS) qui attribue un niveau de confiance à chaque cellule de la grille. Ceci est principalement utilisé pour attacher un niveau de confiance à chaque caractéristique archéologique, ce qui est utile pour détecter les biais de données dans l'interprétation archéologique. La cartographie de confiance est également un outil efficace pour identifier la résolution de grille optimale pour des ensembles de données spécifiques. Au-delà des applications archéologiques, la carte de confiance fournit des critères clairs pour la segmentation, qui est l'un des problèmes non résolus de l'interpolation DEM. Tous ces éléments sont des étapes importantes vers la maturité méthodologique générale du LiDAR aéroporté en archéologie, qui est notre objectif ultime.

Published
2021
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45. Hypoglycaemia detection and prediction techniques: A systematic review on the latest developments

Author

Julia K. Mader, Omar Diouri, Martina Vettoretti, Eric Renard, Monika Cigler, Pratik Choudhary, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), King's College Hospital (KCH), University of Leicester, Guerineau, Nathalie C., Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Graz, University of Padova [Padova, Italy], and Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]

Subjects
Blood Glucose, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Vital signs, Early detection, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Review Article, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, algorithms, sensors, 03 medical and health sciences, Low glucose, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Dogs, Insulin Infusion Systems, Diabetes management, Internal Medicine, Medicine, Animals, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Glucose sensors, devices, diabetes mellitus, hypoglycaemia, Intensive care medicine, Review Articles, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, business.industry, Continuous glucose monitoring, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Hypoglycemia, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Hypoglycaemia awareness, business, Skin conductance, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

International audience; The main objective of diabetes control is to correct hyperglycaemia while avoiding hypoglycaemia, especially in insulin-treated patients. Fear of hypoglycaemia is a hurdle to effective correction of hyperglycaemia because it promotes under-dosing of insulin. Strategies to minimise hypoglycaemia include education and training for improved hypoglycaemia awareness and the development of technologies to allow their early detection and thus minimise their occurrence. Patients with impaired hypoglycaemia awareness would benefit the most from these technologies. The purpose of this systematic review is to review currently available or in-development technologies that support detection of hypoglycaemia or hypoglycaemia risk, and identify gaps in the research. Nanomaterial use in sensors is a promising strategy to increase the accuracy of continuous glucose monitoring devices for low glucose values. Hypoglycaemia is associated with changes on vital signs, so electrocardiogram and encephalogram could also be used to detect hypoglycaemia. Accuracy improvements through multivariable measures can make already marketed galvanic skin response devices a good noninvasive alternative. Breath volatile organic compounds can be detected by dogs and devices and alert patients at hypoglycaemia onset, while near-infrared spectroscopy can also be used as a hypoglycaemia alarms. Finally, one of the main directions of research are deep learning algorithms to analyse continuous glucose monitoring data and provide earlier and more accurate prediction of hypoglycaemia. Current developments for early identification of hypoglycaemia risk combine improvements of available 'needle-type' enzymatic glucose sensors and noninvasive alternatives. Patient usability will be essential to demonstrate to allow their implementation for daily use in diabetes management.

Published
2021
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46. Genome-wide association study reveals new insights into the heritability and genetic correlates of developmental dyslexia

Author

Daniel Brandeis, Nazanin Mirza-Schreiber, Bruce F. Pennington, Shelley D. Smith, Guillaume Huguet, Milene Bonte, Franck Ramus, Valéria Csépe, Till F. M. Andlauer, Silvia Paracchini, Arndt Wilcke, Paavo H.T. Leppänen, Dénes Tóth, Markus M. Nöthen, Heikki Lyytinen, Jessica Becker, Thomas Bourgeron, Jacqueline Hulslander, Simon E. Fisher, Karin Landerl, Richard K. Olson, Bertram Müller-Myhsok, Fabien Fauchereau, Yves Chaix, Stéphanie Iannuzzi, Juha Kere, Jean-François Démonet, Darina Czamara, Anniek Vaessen, Beate St Pourcain, Andrew P. Morris, Clyde Francks, Per Hoffmann, Myriam Peyrard-Janvid, Ferenc Honbolygó, John C. DeFries, Urs Maurer, John F. Stein, Thomas S. Scerri, Holger Kirsten, Joel B. Talcott, Gerd Schulte-Körne, Anthony P. Monaco, Alessandro Gialluisi, Erik G. Willcutt, Kerstin U. Ludwig, Bent Müller, Kristina Moll, Johannes Schumacher, STEMM - Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Juha Kere / Principal Investigator, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Language, RS: FPN CN 7, Max-Planck-Institut für Psychiatrie, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Munich Cluster for systems neurology [Munich] (SyNergy), Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM)-Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (NEUROMED I.R.C.C.S.), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome]-Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), University of Bonn, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Radboud university [Nijmegen], University of Bristol [Bristol], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Génétique humaine et fonctions cognitives - Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions (GHFC (UMR_3571 / U-Pasteur_1)), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Université de Lausanne (UNIL), University of Liverpool, University of Manchester [Manchester], University of Oxford [Oxford], University of Colorado [Boulder], University of Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska System, University of Denver, Maastricht University [Maastricht], The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong], University of Jyväskylä (JYU), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Aston University [Birmingham], Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (Fraunhofer IZI), Fraunhofer (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft), Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Tufts University [Medford], Laboratoire de sciences cognitives et psycholinguistique (LSCP), Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), BioTechMed-Graz, Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-University of Graz-Medical University Graz, University of Melbourne, University of St Andrews [Scotland], AG and TFMA were supported by the Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy). AG was supported by Fondazione Umberto Veronesi. SP is a Royal Society University Research fellow. BMM, CF, BSP and SEF are supported by the Max Planck Society. AW, BM and HK were funded by the Fraunhofer Society and the Max Planck Society within the 'Pakt für Forschung und Innovation'. HK was also supported by LIFE—Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases funded by means of the European Union, the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and the Free State of Saxony within the excellence initiative. FR is supported by Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-06-NEURO-019-01, ANR-17-EURE-0017 IEC, ANR-10-IDEX-0001-02 PSL, ANR-11-BSV4-014-01), European Commission (LSHM-CT-2005-018696). TFMA was supported by the B.M.B.F. through the DIFUTURE consortium of the Medical Informatics Initiative Germany (grant 01ZZ1804A) and by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (grant MultipleMS, EU RIA 733161)., ANR-06-NEUR-0019,GENEDYS,Origines cognitives, neurologiques et génétiques des troubles développementaux du langage(2006), ANR-17-EURE-0017,FrontCog,Frontières en cognition(2017), ANR-10-IDEX-0001,PSL,Paris Sciences et Lettres(2010), ANR-11-BSV4-0014,DYSBRAIN,Le cerveau dyslexique(2011), Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Medical University Graz-Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA)-University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Universität Bonn = University of Bonn, Radboud University [Nijmegen], Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), University of Oxford, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Universität Leipzig, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz)-Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz-Medical University Graz, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, The Royal Society, University of St Andrews. School of Medicine, University of St Andrews. Centre for Biophotonics, University of St Andrews. Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, and University of St Andrews. Cellular Medicine Division

Subjects
Multifactorial Inheritance, Intelligence, LANGUAGE, Genome-wide association study, INTELLIGENCE, Educational attaintment, 3124 Neurology and psychiatry, Dyslexia, READING-DISABILITY, MOLECULAR-GENETICS, 0302 clinical medicine, SCHIZOPHRENIA, GWAS, Brain cortical thickness, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, 3. Good health, ddc, Psychiatry and Mental health, SUSCEPTIBILITY GENE, Schizophrenia, BDC, RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Neuroinformatics, Reading disability, Bipolar disorder, Developmental dyslexia, NDAS, QH426 Genetics, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES, Article, Heritability, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, AGE, medicine, LOCUS, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, SNP, ADHD, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Molecular Biology, QH426, 030304 developmental biology, Polygenic risk, medicine.disease, Transverse temporal gyrus, Reading, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, RC0321, Psychiatric disorders, COMORBIDITY, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Neuroscience, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Funding: AG and TFMA were supported by the Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy). AG 535 was supported by Fondazione Umberto Veronesi. SP is a Royal Society University Research fellow. BMM, CF, BSP and SEF are supported by the Max Planck Society. AW, BM and HK were funded by the Fraunhofer Society and the Max Planck Society within the ‘Pakt für Forschung und Innovation’. HK was also supported by LIFE – Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases funded by means of the European Union; the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF); and the Free State of Saxony within the excellence initiative. FR is supported by Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-06-NEURO-019-01, ANR-17-EURE-542 0017 IEC, ANR-10-IDEX-0001-02 PSL, ANR-11-BSV4-014-01), European Commission (LSHM-CT-2005-018696). TFMA was supported by the BMBF through the DIFUTURE consortium of the Medical Informatics Initiative Germany (grant 01ZZ1804A) and by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (grant MultipleMS, EU RIA 733161). Developmental dyslexia (DD) is a learning disorder affecting the ability to read, with a heritability of 40–60%. A notable part of this heritability remains unexplained, and large genetic studies are warranted to identify new susceptibility genes and clarify the genetic bases of dyslexia. We carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 2274 dyslexia cases and 6272 controls, testing associations at the single variant, gene, and pathway level, and estimating heritability using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data. We also calculated polygenic scores (PGSs) based on large-scale GWAS data for different neuropsychiatric disorders and cortical brain measures, educational attainment, and fluid intelligence, testing them for association with dyslexia status in our sample. We observed statistically significant (p

Published
2021
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47. AN OBSTACLE PROBLEM FOR LINEARLY ELASTIC FLEXURAL SHELLS

Author

Piersanti, Paolo, Piersanti, Paolo, University of Graz (UniGraz), and Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]

Subjects
[MATH] Mathematics [math], [MATH]Mathematics [math]
Abstract

In this paper we identify a set of two-dimensional variational inequalities that model an obstacle problem for a linearly elastic flexural shell subjected to a confinement condition expressing that all the points of the admissible deformed configurations remain in a given half-space.

Published
2021

48. Airborne LiDAR Point Cloud Processing for Archaeology. Pipeline and QGIS Toolbox

Author

Benjamin Štular, Stefan Eichert, Edisa Lozić, ZRC SAZU, Natural History Museum [Vienna] (NHM), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], and University of Graz

Subjects
open source, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Science, point cloud processing, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, airborne LiDAR, toolbox, airborne laser scanning, archaeology, ALS, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, QGIS
Abstract

International audience; The use of topographic airborne LiDAR data has become an essential part of archaeological prospection. However, as a step towards theoretically aware, impactful, and reproducible research, a more rigorous and transparent method of data processing is required. To this end, we set out to create a processing pipeline for archaeology-specific point cloud processing and derivation of products that are optimized for general-purpose data. The proposed pipeline improves on ground and building point cloud classification. The main area of innovation in the proposed pipeline is raster grid interpolation. We have improved the state-of-the-art by introducing a hybrid interpolation technique that combines inverse distance weighting with a triangulated irregular network with linear interpolation. State-of-the-art solutions for enhanced visualizations are included and essential metadata and paradata are also generated. In addition, we have introduced a QGIS plug-in that implements the pipeline as a one-step process. It reduces the manual workload by 75 to 90 percent and requires no special skills other than a general familiarity with the QGIS environment. It is intended that the pipeline and tool will contribute to the white-boxing of archaeology-specific airborne LiDAR data processing. In discussion, the role of data processing in the knowledge production process is explored.; L'utilisation de données topographiques LiDAR aéroportées est devenue un élément essentiel de la prospection archéologique. Cependant, comme étape vers une recherche théoriquement consciente, percutante et reproductible, une méthode de traitement des données plus rigoureuse et transparente est nécessaire. À cette fin, nous avons entrepris de créer un pipeline de traitement pour le traitement de nuages ​​de points spécifiques à l'archéologie et la dérivation de produits optimisés pour les données à usage général. Le pipeline proposé améliore la classification des nuages ​​de points au sol et des bâtiments. Le principal domaine d'innovation du pipeline proposé est l'interpolation de grille de trame. Nous avons amélioré l'état de l'art en introduisant une technique d'interpolation hybride qui combine une pondération de distance inverse avec un réseau irrégulier triangulé avec interpolation linéaire. Des solutions de pointe pour des visualisations améliorées sont incluses et des métadonnées et paradonnées essentielles sont également générées. De plus, nous avons introduit un plug-in QGIS qui implémente le pipeline en tant que processus en une seule étape. Il réduit la charge de travail manuelle de 75 à 90 pour cent et ne nécessite aucune compétence particulière autre qu'une connaissance générale de l'environnement QGIS. Il est prévu que le pipeline et l'outil contribueront à la boîte blanche du traitement des données LiDAR aéroportées spécifiques à l'archéologie. Dans la discussion, le rôle du traitement des données dans le processus de production de connaissances est exploré.

Published
2021
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49. Improving tumor budding reporting in colorectal cancer: a Delphi consensus study

Author

Kieran Sheahan, Tine Plato Kuhlmann, John-Melle Bokhorst, Sanjay Kakar, Iris D. Nagtegaal, Jeroen van der Laak, Miriam Cuatrecasas, Inti Zlobec, Richard Kirsch, Robert H. Riddell, Susan Aherne, Ari Ristimäki, Valeria Barresi, Alessandro Lugli, Hala El-Zimaity, Jean-François Fléjou, David Gibbons, Darren Treanor, Michael Vieth, Scarlet Brockmoeller, Gieri Cathomas, Benoit Terris, Maurice B Loughrey, Tariq Sami Haddad, Cord Langner, Femke Simmer, Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Area, Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], University of Bern, St Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), University of Verona (UNIVR), Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), University of Leeds, Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, Hospital Clinic (CRESIB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Kantonsspital Baselland [Bruderholz] (KSBL), Mt. Sinai Hospital [Toronto, Canada], Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Graz, Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), University of California, Linköping University (LIU), University of Bayreuth, and Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche]

Subjects
Delphi Technique, Colorectal cancer, Biopsy, Delphi method, Modified delphi, Tumor budding, 0302 clinical medicine, Cell Movement, Tumours of the digestive tract Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 14], computer.programming_language, 0303 health sciences, Pathology, Clinical, Consensus conference, Gastrointestinal pathology, Cell Differentiation, General Medicine, 3. Good health, Women's cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 17], ITBCC, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Original Article, Colorectal Neoplasms, medicine.medical_specialty, Consensus, education, Colonic Polyps, 610 Medicine & health, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Predictive Value of Tests, medicine, Humans, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Neoplasm Staging, Cancer och onkologi, Carcinoma, Cancer, Cell Biology, medicine.disease, Delphi study, Cancer and Oncology, Family medicine, 570 Life sciences, biology, 3111 Biomedicine, computer, Delphi, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

Tumor budding is a long-established independent adverse prognostic marker in colorectal cancer, yet methods for its assessment have varied widely. In an effort to standardize its reporting, a group of experts met in Bern, Switzerland, in 2016 to reach consensus on a single, international, evidence-based method for tumor budding assessment and reporting (International Tumor Budding Consensus Conference [ITBCC]). Tumor budding assessment using the ITBCC criteria has been validated in large cohorts of cancer patients and incorporated into several international colorectal cancer pathology and clinical guidelines. With the wider reporting of tumor budding, new issues have emerged that require further clarification. To better inform researchers and health-care professionals on these issues, an international group of experts in gastrointestinal pathology participated in a modified Delphi process to generate consensus and highlight areas requiring further research. This effort serves to re-affirm the importance of tumor budding in colorectal cancer and support its continued use in routine clinical practice. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00428-021-03059-9.

Published
2021
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50. Documentation of Archaeology-Specific Workflow for Airborne LiDAR Data Processing

Author

Edisa Lozić, Benjamin Štular, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], ZRC SAZU, ARRS N6-0132, and University of Graz

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Process (engineering), Computer science, workflow, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, prospection archéologique, 01 natural sciences, documentation, Lidar aérien, Terminology, Documentation, Black box, archaeological prospection, 0601 history and archaeology, LIDAR DATA PROCESSING, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Data processing, 060102 archaeology, lcsh:QE1-996.5, 06 humanities and the arts, Transparency (human–computer interaction), Archaeology, lcsh:Geology, Workflow, method, airborne LiDAR, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Raw data, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

International audience; Airborne LiDAR is a widely accepted tool for archaeological prospection. Over the last decade an archaeology-specific data processing workflow has been evolving, ranging from raw data acquisition and processing, point cloud processing and product derivation to archaeological interpretation, dissemination and archiving. Currently, though, there is no agreement on the specific steps or terminology. This workflow is an interpretative knowledge production process that must be documented as such to ensure the intellectual transparency and accountability required for evidence-based archaeological interpretation. However, this is rarely the case, and there are no accepted schemas, let alone standards, to do so. As a result, there is a risk that the data processing steps of the workflow will be accepted as a black box process and its results as ``hard data''. The first step in documenting a scientific process is to define it. Therefore, this paper provides a critical review of existing archaeology-specific workflows for airborne LiDAR-derived topographic data processing, resulting in an 18-step workflow with consistent terminology. Its novelty and significance lies in the fact that the existing comprehensive studies are outdated and the newer ones focus on selected aspects of the workflow. Based on the updated workflow, a good practice example for its documentation is presented.

Published
2021
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