Author: "Kent, S." - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Kent, S."' showing total 5,159 results

Start Over Author "Kent, S."

5,159 results on '"Kent, S."'

1. DESI 2024 VII: Cosmological Constraints from the Full-Shape Modeling of Clustering Measurements

Author: DESI Collaboration, Adame, A. G., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Alam, S., Alexander, D. M., Prieto, C. Allende, Alvarez, M., Alves, O., Anand, A., Andrade, U., Armengaud, E., Avila, S., Aviles, A., Awan, H., Bahr-Kalus, B., Bailey, S., Baltay, C., Bault, A., Behera, J., BenZvi, S., Beutler, F., Bianchi, D., Blake, C., Blum, R., Bonici, M., Brieden, S., Brodzeller, A., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burtin, E., Calderon, R., Canning, R., Rosell, A. Carnero, Cereskaite, R., Cervantes-Cota, J. L., Chabanier, S., Chaussidon, E., Chaves-Montero, J., Chebat, D., Chen, S., Chen, X., Claybaugh, T., Cole, S., Cuceu, A., Davis, T. M., Dawson, K., de la Macorra, A., de Mattia, A., Deiosso, N., Dey, A., Dey, B., Ding, Z., Doel, P., Edelstein, J., Eftekharzadeh, S., Eisenstein, D. J., Elbers, W., Elliott, A., Fagrelius, P., Fanning, K., Ferraro, S., Ereza, J., Findlay, N., Flaugher, B., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Sánchez, D., Forero-Romero, J. E., Frenk, C. S., Garcia-Quintero, C., Garrison, L. H., Gaztañaga, E., Gil-Marín, H., Gontcho, S. Gontcho A, Gonzalez-Morales, A. X., Gonzalez-Perez, V., Gordon, C., Green, D., Gruen, D., Gsponer, R., Gutierrez, G., Guy, J., Hadzhiyska, B., Hahn, C., Hanif, M. M. S, Herrera-Alcantar, H. K., Honscheid, K., Howlett, C., Huterer, D., Iršič, V., Ishak, M., Joyce, R., Juneau, S., Karaçaylı, N. G., Kehoe, R., Kent, S., Kirkby, D., Kong, H., Koposov, S. E., Kremin, A., Krolewski, A., Lahav, O., Lai, Y., Lan, T. -W., Landriau, M., Lang, D., Lasker, J., Goff, J. M. Le, Guillou, L. Le, Leauthaud, A., Levi, M. E., Li, T. S., Lodha, K., Magneville, C., Manera, M., Margala, D., Martini, P., Matthewson, W., Maus, M., McDonald, P., Medina-Varela, L., Meisner, A., Mena-Fernández, J., Miquel, R., Moon, J., Moore, S., Moustakas, J., Mudur, N., Mueller, E., Muñoz-Gutiérrez, A., Myers, A. D., Nadathur, S., Napolitano, L., Neveux, R., Newman, J. A., Nguyen, N. M., Nie, J., Niz, G., Noriega, H. E., Padmanabhan, N., Paillas, E., Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Pan, J., Penmetsa, S., Percival, W. J., Pieri, M. M., Pinon, M., Poppett, C., Porredon, A., Prada, F., Pérez-Fernández, A., Pérez-Ràfols, I., Rabinowitz, D., Raichoor, A., Ramírez-Pérez, C., Ramirez-Solano, S., Rashkovetskyi, M., Ravoux, C., Rezaie, M., Rich, J., Rocher, A., Rockosi, C., Roe, N. A., Rosado-Marin, A., Ross, A. J., Rossi, G., Ruggeri, R., Ruhlmann-Kleider, V., Samushia, L., Sanchez, E., Saulder, C., Schlafly, E. F., Schlegel, D., Schubnell, M., Seo, H., Shafieloo, A., Sharples, R., Silber, J., Slosar, A., Smith, A., Sprayberry, D., Tan, T., Tarlé, G., Taylor, P., Trusov, S., Vaisakh, R., Valcin, D., Valdes, F., Valogiannis, G., Vargas-Magaña, M., Verde, L., Walther, M., Wang, B., Wang, M. S., Weaver, B. A., Weaverdyck, N., Wechsler, R. H., Weinberg, D. H., White, M., Wilson, M. J., Yi, L., Yu, J., Yu, Y., Yuan, S., Yèche, C., Zaborowski, E. A., Zarrouk, P., Zhang, H., Zhao, C., Zhao, R., Zhou, R., Zhuang, T., and Zou, H.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present cosmological results from the measurement of clustering of galaxy, quasar and Lyman-$\alpha$ forest tracers from the first year of observations with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI Data Release 1). We adopt the full-shape (FS) modeling of the power spectrum, including the effects of redshift-space distortions, in an analysis which has been validated in a series of supporting papers. In the flat $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model, DESI (FS+BAO), combined with a baryon density prior from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and a weak prior on the scalar spectral index, determines matter density to $\Omega_\mathrm{m}=0.2962\pm 0.0095$, and the amplitude of mass fluctuations to $\sigma_8=0.842\pm 0.034$. The addition of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data tightens these constraints to $\Omega_\mathrm{m}=0.3056\pm 0.0049$ and $\sigma_8=0.8121\pm 0.0053$, while further addition of the the joint clustering and lensing analysis from the Dark Energy Survey Year-3 (DESY3) data leads to a 0.4% determination of the Hubble constant, $H_0 = (68.40\pm 0.27)\,{\rm km\,s^{-1}\,Mpc^{-1}}$. In models with a time-varying dark energy equation of state, combinations of DESI (FS+BAO) with CMB and type Ia supernovae continue to show the preference, previously found in the DESI DR1 BAO analysis, for $w_0>-1$ and $w_a<0$ with similar levels of significance. DESI data, in combination with the CMB, impose the upper limits on the sum of the neutrino masses of $\sum m_\nu < 0.071\,{\rm eV}$ at 95% confidence. DESI data alone measure the modified-gravity parameter that controls the clustering of massive particles, $\mu_0=0.11^{+0.45}_{-0.54}$, while the combination of DESI with the CMB and the clustering and lensing analysis from DESY3 constrains both modified-gravity parameters, giving $\mu_0 = 0.04\pm 0.22$ and $\Sigma_0 = 0.044\pm 0.047$, in agreement with general relativity. [Abridged.], Comment: This DESI Collaboration Key Publication is part of the 2024 publication series using the first year of observations (see https://data.desi.lbl.gov/doc/papers/). 55 pages, 10 figures
Published: 2024

2. DESI 2024 II: Sample Definitions, Characteristics, and Two-point Clustering Statistics

Author: DESI Collaboration, Adame, A. G., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Alam, S., Alexander, D. M., Alvarez, M., Alves, O., Anand, A., Andrade, U., Armengaud, E., Avila, S., Aviles, A., Awan, H., Bailey, S., Baltay, C., Bault, A., Behera, J., BenZvi, S., Beutler, F., Bianchi, D., Blake, C., Blum, R., Brieden, S., Brodzeller, A., Brooks, D., Brown, Z., Buckley-Geer, E., Burtin, E., Calderon, R., Canning, R., Rosell, A. Carnero, Cereskaite, R., Cervantes-Cota, J. L., Chabanier, S., Chaussidon, E., Chaves-Montero, J., Chen, S., Chen, X., Claybaugh, T., Cole, S., Cuceu, A., Davis, T. M., Dawson, K., de la Macorra, A., de Mattia, A., Deiosso, N., Demina, R., Dey, A., Dey, B., Ding, Z., Doel, P., Edelstein, J., Eftekharzadeh, S., Eisenstein, D. J., Elliott, A., Fagrelius, P., Fanning, K., Ferraro, S., Ereza, J., Findlay, N., Flaugher, B., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Sánchez, D., Forero-Romero, J. E., Frenk, C. S., Garcia-Quintero, C., Gaztañaga, E., Gil-Marín, H., Gontcho, S. Gontcho A, Gonzalez-Morales, A. X., Gonzalez-Perez, V., Gordon, C., Green, D., Gruen, D., Gsponer, R., Gutierrez, G., Guy, J., Hadzhiyska, B., Hahn, C., Hanif, M. M. S, Herrera-Alcantar, H. K., Honscheid, K., Hou, J., Howlett, C., Huterer, D., Iršič, V., Ishak, M., Juneau, S., Karaçaylı, N. G., Kehoe, R., Kent, S., Kirkby, D., Kitaura, F. -S., Kong, H., Kremin, A., Krolewski, A., Lai, Y., Lan, T. -W., Landriau, M., Lang, D., Lasker, J., Goff, J. M. Le, Guillou, L. Le, Leauthaud, A., Levi, M. E., Li, T. S., Lodha, K., Magneville, C., Manera, M., Margala, D., Martini, P., Maus, M., McDonald, P., Medina-Varela, L., Meisner, A., Mena-Fernández, J., Miquel, R., Moon, J., Moore, S., Moustakas, J., Mudur, N., Mueller, E., Muñoz-Gutiérrez, A., Myers, A. D., Nadathur, S., Napolitano, L., Neveux, R., Newman, J. A., Nguyen, N. M., Nie, J., Niz, G., Noriega, H. E., Padmanabhan, N., Paillas, E., Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Pan, J., Penmetsa, S., Percival, W. J., Pieri, M. M., Pinon, M., Poppett, C., Porredon, A., Prada, F., Pérez-Fernández, A., Pérez-Ràfols, I., Rabinowitz, D., Raichoor, A., Ramírez-Pérez, C., Ramirez-Solano, S., Rashkovetskyi, M., Ravoux, C., Rezaie, M., Rich, J., Rocher, A., Rockosi, C., Roe, N. A., Rosado-Marin, A., Ross, A. J., Rossi, G., Ruggeri, R., Ruhlmann-Kleider, V., Samushia, L., Sanchez, E., Saulder, C., Schlafly, E. F., Schlegel, D., Scholte, D., Schubnell, M., Seo, H., Sharples, R., Silber, J., Slosar, A., Smith, A., Sprayberry, D., Tan, T., Tarlé, G., Trusov, S., Vaisakh, R., Valcin, D., Valdes, F., Vargas-Magaña, M., Verde, L., Walther, M., Wang, B., Wang, M. S., Weaver, B. A., Weaverdyck, N., Wechsler, R. H., Weinberg, D. H., White, M., Wilson, M. J., Yu, J., Yu, Y., Yuan, S., Yèche, C., Zaborowski, E. A., Zarrouk, P., Zhang, H., Zhao, C., Zhao, R., Zhou, R., and Zou, H.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the samples of galaxies and quasars used for DESI 2024 cosmological analyses, drawn from the DESI Data Release 1 (DR1). We describe the construction of large-scale structure (LSS) catalogs from these samples, which include matched sets of synthetic reference `randoms' and weights that account for variations in the observed density of the samples due to experimental design and varying instrument performance. We detail how we correct for variations in observational completeness, the input `target' densities due to imaging systematics, and the ability to confidently measure redshifts from DESI spectra. We then summarize how remaining uncertainties in the corrections can be translated to systematic uncertainties for particular analyses. We describe the weights added to maximize the signal-to-noise of DESI DR1 2-point clustering measurements. We detail measurement pipelines applied to the LSS catalogs that obtain 2-point clustering measurements in configuration and Fourier space. The resulting 2-point measurements depend on window functions and normalization constraints particular to each sample, and we present the corrections required to match models to the data. We compare the configuration- and Fourier-space 2-point clustering of the data samples to that recovered from simulations of DESI DR1 and find they are, generally, in statistical agreement to within 2\% in the inferred real-space over-density field. The LSS catalogs, 2-point measurements, and their covariance matrices will be released publicly with DESI DR1., Comment: This DESI Collaboration Key Publication is part of the 2024 publication series using the first year of observations (see https://data.desi.lbl.gov/doc/papers/)
Published: 2024

3. DESI 2024 V: Full-Shape Galaxy Clustering from Galaxies and Quasars

Author: DESI Collaboration, Adame, A. G., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Alam, S., Alexander, D. M., Alvarez, M., Alves, O., Anand, A., Andrade, U., Armengaud, E., Avila, S., Aviles, A., Awan, H., Bailey, S., Baltay, C., Bault, A., Behera, J., BenZvi, S., Beutler, F., Bianchi, D., Blake, C., Blum, R., Brieden, S., Brodzeller, A., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burtin, E., Calderon, R., Canning, R., Rosell, A. Carnero, Cereskaite, R., Cervantes-Cota, J. L., Chabanier, S., Chaussidon, E., Chaves-Montero, J., Chen, S., Chen, X., Claybaugh, T., Cole, S., Cuceu, A., Davis, T. M., Dawson, K., de la Macorra, A., de Mattia, A., Deiosso, N., Dey, A., Dey, B., Ding, Z., Doel, P., Edelstein, J., Eftekharzadeh, S., Eisenstein, D. J., Elliott, A., Fagrelius, P., Fanning, K., Ferraro, S., Ereza, J., Findlay, N., Flaugher, B., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Sánchez, D., Forero-Romero, J. E., Garcia-Quintero, C., Garrison, L. H., Gaztañaga, E., Gil-Marín, H., Gontcho, S. Gontcho A, Gonzalez-Morales, A. X., Gonzalez-Perez, V., Gordon, C., Green, D., Gruen, D., Gsponer, R., Gutierrez, G., Guy, J., Hadzhiyska, B., Hahn, C., Hanif, M. M. S, Herrera-Alcantar, H. K., Honscheid, K., Howlett, C., Huterer, D., Iršič, V., Ishak, M., Juneau, S., Karaçaylı, N. G., Kehoe, R., Kent, S., Kirkby, D., Kong, H., Koposov, S. E., Kremin, A., Krolewski, A., Lai, Y., Lan, T. -W., Landriau, M., Lang, D., Lasker, J., Goff, J. M. Le, Guillou, L. Le, Leauthaud, A., Levi, M. E., Li, T. S., Lodha, K., Magneville, C., Manera, M., Margala, D., Martini, P., Maus, M., McDonald, P., Medina-Varela, L., Meisner, A., Mena-Fernández, J., Miquel, R., Moon, J., Moore, S., Moustakas, J., Mueller, E., Muñoz-Gutiérrez, A., Myers, A. D., Nadathur, S., Napolitano, L., Neveux, R., Newman, J. A., Nguyen, N. M., Nie, J., Niz, G., Noriega, H. E., Padmanabhan, N., Paillas, E., Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Pan, J., Penmetsa, S., Percival, W. J., Pieri, M. M., Pinon, M., Poppett, C., Porredon, A., Prada, F., Pérez-Fernández, A., Pérez-Ràfols, I., Rabinowitz, D., Raichoor, A., Ramírez-Pérez, C., Ramirez-Solano, S., Rashkovetskyi, M., Ravoux, C., Rezaie, M., Rich, J., Rocher, A., Rockosi, C., Rodríguez-Martínez, F., Roe, N. A., Rosado-Marin, A., Ross, A. J., Rossi, G., Ruggeri, R., Ruhlmann-Kleider, V., Samushia, L., Sanchez, E., Saulder, C., Schlafly, E. F., Schlegel, D., Schubnell, M., Seo, H., Sharples, R., Silber, J., Slosar, A., Smith, A., Sprayberry, D., Tan, T., Tarlé, G., Trusov, S., Vaisakh, R., Valcin, D., Valdes, F., Vargas-Magaña, M., Verde, L., Walther, M., Wang, B., Wang, M. S., Weaver, B. A., Weaverdyck, N., Wechsler, R. H., Weinberg, D. H., White, M., Wilson, M. J., Yu, J., Yu, Y., Yuan, S., Yèche, C., Zaborowski, E. A., Zarrouk, P., Zhang, H., Zhao, C., Zhao, R., Zhou, R., and Zou, H.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the measurements and cosmological implications of the galaxy two-point clustering using over 4.7 million unique galaxy and quasar redshifts in the range $0.1
Published: 2024

4. Correcting Turbulence-induced Errors in Fiber Positioning for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

Author: Schlafly, E. F., Guy, J., Honscheid, K., Kent, S., Koposov, S. E., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Bailey, S., Brooks, D., Claybaugh, T., Dawson, K., Doel, P., Fanning, K., Finkbeiner, D. P., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Romero, J. E., Gontcho, S. Gontcho A, Gutierrez, G., Kirkby, D., Kisner, T., Kremin, A., Lasker, J., Landriau, M., Guillou, L. Le, Levi, M. E., de la Macorra, A., Martini, P., Meisner, A., Miquel, R., Moustakas, J., Niz, G., Prada, F., Rossi, G., Sanchez, E., Schubnell, M., Sharples, R., Sprayberry, D., Tarlé, G., Weaver, B. A., and Zou, H.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: Highly-multiplexed, robotic, fiber-fed spectroscopic surveys are observing tens of millions of stars and galaxies. For many systems, accurate positioning relies on imaging the fibers in the focal plane and feeding that information back to the robotic positioners to correct their positions. Inhomogeneities and turbulence in the air between the focal plane and the imaging camera can affect the measured positions of fibers, limiting the accuracy with which fibers can be placed on targets. For the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument, we dramatically reduced the effect of turbulence on measurements of positioner locations in the focal plane by taking advantage of stationary positioners and the correlation function of the turbulence. We were able to reduce positioning errors from 7.3 microns to 3.5 microns, speeding the survey by 1.6% under typical conditions., Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2024

5. The Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program: An updated measurement of the Hubble constant using the Inverse Distance Ladder

Author: Camilleri, R., Davis, T. M., Hinton, S. R., Armstrong, P., Brout, D., Galbany, L., Glazebrook, K., Lee, J., Lidman, C., Nichol, R. C., Sako, M., Scolnic, D., Shah, P., Smith, M., Sullivan, M., Sánchez, B. O., Vincenzi, M., Wiseman, P., Allam, S., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Asorey, J., Avila, S., Bacon, D., Bechtol, K., Bocquet, S., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Carollo, D., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Conselice, C., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Everett, S., Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Giannini, G., Gruendl, R. A., Herner, K., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Huterer, D., James, D. J., Kent, S., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lee, S., Lewis, G. F., Lima, M., Marshall, J. L., Mena-Fernández, J., Miquel, R., Myles, J., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Pieres, A., Malagón, A. A. Plazas, Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Samuroff, S., Sanchez, E., Cid, D. Sanchez, Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Suchyta, E., Suntzeff, N., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Tucker, B. E., Walker, A. R., and Weaverdyck, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We measure the current expansion rate of the Universe, Hubble's constant $H_0$, by calibrating the absolute magnitudes of supernovae to distances measured by Baryon Acoustic Oscillations. This `inverse distance ladder' technique provides an alternative to calibrating supernovae using nearby absolute distance measurements, replacing the calibration with a high-redshift anchor. We use the recent release of 1829 supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey spanning $0.01\lt z \lt1.13$ anchored to the recent Baryon Acoustic Oscillation measurements from DESI spanning $0.30 \lt z_{\mathrm{eff}} \lt 2.33$. To trace cosmology to $z=0$, we use the third-, fourth- and fifth-order cosmographic models, which, by design, are agnostic about the energy content and expansion history of the universe. With the inclusion of the higher-redshift DESI-BAO data, the third-order model is a poor fit to both data sets, with the fourth-order model being preferred by the Akaike Information Criterion. Using the fourth-order cosmographic model, we find $H_0=67.19^{+0.66}_{-0.64}\mathrm{~km} \mathrm{~s}^{-1} \mathrm{~Mpc}^{-1}$, in agreement with the value found by Planck without the need to assume Flat-$\Lambda$CDM. However the best-fitting expansion history differs from that of Planck, providing continued motivation to investigate these tensions.
Published: 2024

6. Measuring Fiber Positioning Accuracy and Throughput with Fiber Dithering for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

Author: Schlafly, EF, Schlegel, D, BenZvi, S, Raichoor, A, Forero-Romero, JE, Aguilar, J, Ahlen, S, Bailey, S, Bault, A, Brooks, D, Claybaugh, T, Dawson, K, de la Macorra, A, Dey, Arjun, Doel, P, Gaztañaga, E, Gontcho, S Gontcho A, Guy, J, Hahn, C, Honscheid, K, Jimenez, J, Kent, S, Kirkby, D, Kisner, T, Kremin, A, Lambert, A, Landriau, M, Levi, ME, Manera, M, Martini, P, Meisner, A, Miquel, R, Moustakas, J, Myers, AD, Nie, J, Palanque-Delabrouille, N, Percival, WJ, Poppett, C, Prada, F, Rabinowitz, D, Rezaie, M, Rossi, G, Sanchez, E, Schubnell, M, Sharples, R, Silber, J, Tarlé, G, Weaver, BA, Zhou, Z, and Zou, H
Subjects: Particle and High Energy Physics, Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: Highly multiplexed, fiber-fed spectroscopy is enabling surveys of millions of stars and galaxies. The performance of these surveys depends on accurately positioning fibers in the focal plane to capture target light. We describe a technique to measure the positioning accuracy of fibers by dithering fibers slightly around their ideal locations. This approach also enables measurement of the total system throughput and point-spread function delivered to the focal plane. We then apply this technique to observations from the Dark Energy Survey Instrument (DESI), and demonstrate that DESI positions fibers to within 0.″08 of their targets (5% of a fiber diameter) and achieves a system throughput within about 7% of expectations.
Published: 2024

7. DESI 2024: Constraints on Physics-Focused Aspects of Dark Energy using DESI DR1 BAO Data

Author: Lodha, K., Shafieloo, A., Calderon, R., Linder, E., Sohn, W., Cervantes-Cota, J. L., de Mattia, A., García-Bellido, J., Ishak, M., Matthewson, W., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Brooks, D., Claybaugh, T., de la Macorra, A., Dey, A., Dey, B., Doel, P., Forero-Romero, J. E., Gaztañaga, E., Gontcho, S. Gontcho A, Howlett, C., Juneau, S., Kent, S., Kisner, T., Kremin, A., Lambert, A., Landriau, M., Guillou, L. Le, Martini, P., Meisner, A., Miquel, R., Moustakas, J., Newman, J. A., Niz, G., Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Percival, W. J., Poppett, C., Prada, F., Rossi, G., Ruhlmann-Kleider, V., Sanchez, E., Schlafly, E. F., Schlegel, D., Schubnell, M., Seo, H., Sprayberry, D., Tarlé, G., Weaver, B. A., and Zou, H.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Baryon acoustic oscillation data from the first year of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) provide near percent-level precision of cosmic distances in seven bins over the redshift range $z=0.1$-$4.2$. We use this data, together with other distance probes, to constrain the cosmic expansion history using some well-motivated physical classes of dark energy. In particular, we explore three physics-focused behaviors of dark energy from the equation of state and energy density perspectives: the thawing class (matching many simple quintessence potentials), emergent class (where dark energy comes into being recently, as in phase transition models), and mirage class (where phenomenologically the distance to CMB last scattering is close to that from a cosmological constant $\Lambda$ despite dark energy dynamics). All three classes fit the data at least as well as $\Lambda$CDM, and indeed can improve on it by $\Delta\chi^2\approx -5$ to $-17$ for the combination of DESI BAO with CMB and supernova data, while having one more parameter. The mirage class does essentially as well as $w_0w_a$CDM while having one less parameter. These classes of dynamical behaviors highlight worthwhile avenues for further exploration into the nature of dark energy., Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures. Metadata updated, comments welcome
Published: 2024

8. DESI 2024 VI: Cosmological Constraints from the Measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations

Author: DESI Collaboration, Adame, A. G., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Alam, S., Alexander, D. M., Alvarez, M., Alves, O., Anand, A., Andrade, U., Armengaud, E., Avila, S., Aviles, A., Awan, H., Bahr-Kalus, B., Bailey, S., Baltay, C., Bault, A., Behera, J., BenZvi, S., Bera, A., Beutler, F., Bianchi, D., Blake, C., Blum, R., Brieden, S., Brodzeller, A., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burtin, E., Calderon, R., Canning, R., Rosell, A. Carnero, Cereskaite, R., Cervantes-Cota, J. L., Chabanier, S., Chaussidon, E., Chaves-Montero, J., Chen, S., Chen, X., Claybaugh, T., Cole, S., Cuceu, A., Davis, T. M., Dawson, K., de la Macorra, A., de Mattia, A., Deiosso, N., Dey, A., Dey, B., Ding, Z., Doel, P., Edelstein, J., Eftekharzadeh, S., Eisenstein, D. J., Elliott, A., Fagrelius, P., Fanning, K., Ferraro, S., Ereza, J., Findlay, N., Flaugher, B., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Sánchez, D., Forero-Romero, J. E., Frenk, C. S., Garcia-Quintero, C., Gaztañaga, E., Gil-Marín, H., Gontcho, S. Gontcho A, Gonzalez-Morales, A. X., Gonzalez-Perez, V., Gordon, C., Green, D., Gruen, D., Gsponer, R., Gutierrez, G., Guy, J., Hadzhiyska, B., Hahn, C., Hanif, M. M. S, Herrera-Alcantar, H. K., Honscheid, K., Howlett, C., Huterer, D., Iršič, V., Ishak, M., Juneau, S., Karaçaylı, N. G., Kehoe, R., Kent, S., Kirkby, D., Kremin, A., Krolewski, A., Lai, Y., Lan, T. -W., Landriau, M., Lang, D., Lasker, J., Goff, J. M. Le, Guillou, L. Le, Leauthaud, A., Levi, M. E., Li, T. S., Linder, E., Lodha, K., Magneville, C., Manera, M., Margala, D., Martini, P., Maus, M., McDonald, P., Medina-Varela, L., Meisner, A., Mena-Fernández, J., Miquel, R., Moon, J., Moore, S., Moustakas, J., Mudur, N., Mueller, E., Muñoz-Gutiérrez, A., Myers, A. D., Nadathur, S., Napolitano, L., Neveux, R., Newman, J. A., Nguyen, N. M., Nie, J., Niz, G., Noriega, H. E., Padmanabhan, N., Paillas, E., Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Pan, J., Penmetsa, S., Percival, W. J., Pieri, M. M., Pinon, M., Poppett, C., Porredon, A., Prada, F., Pérez-Fernández, A., Pérez-Ràfols, I., Rabinowitz, D., Raichoor, A., Ramírez-Pérez, C., Ramirez-Solano, S., Ravoux, C., Rashkovetskyi, M., Rezaie, M., Rich, J., Rocher, A., Rockosi, C., Roe, N. A., Rosado-Marin, A., Ross, A. J., Rossi, G., Ruggeri, R., Ruhlmann-Kleider, V., Samushia, L., Sanchez, E., Saulder, C., Schlafly, E. F., Schlegel, D., Schubnell, M., Seo, H., Shafieloo, A., Sharples, R., Silber, J., Slosar, A., Smith, A., Sprayberry, D., Tan, T., Tarlé, G., Taylor, P., Trusov, S., Ureña-López, L. A., Vaisakh, R., Valcin, D., Valdes, F., Vargas-Magaña, M., Verde, L., Walther, M., Wang, B., Wang, M. S., Weaver, B. A., Weaverdyck, N., Wechsler, R. H., Weinberg, D. H., White, M., Yu, J., Yu, Y., Yuan, S., Yèche, C., Zaborowski, E. A., Zarrouk, P., Zhang, H., Zhao, C., Zhao, R., Zhou, R., Zhuang, T., and Zou, H.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present cosmological results from the measurement of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) in galaxy, quasar and Lyman-$\alpha$ forest tracers from the first year of observations from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), to be released in the DESI Data Release 1. DESI BAO provide robust measurements of the transverse comoving distance and Hubble rate, or their combination, relative to the sound horizon, in seven redshift bins from over 6 million extragalactic objects in the redshift range $0.1-1$ and $w_a<0$. This preference is 2.6$\sigma$ for the DESI+CMB combination, and persists or grows when SN~Ia are added in, giving results discrepant with the $\Lambda$CDM model at the $2.5\sigma$, $3.5\sigma$ or $3.9\sigma$ levels for the addition of Pantheon+, Union3, or DES-SN5YR datasets respectively. For the flat $\Lambda$CDM model with the sum of neutrino mass $\sum m_\nu$ free, combining the DESI and CMB data yields an upper limit $\sum m_\nu < 0.072$ $(0.113)$ eV at 95% confidence for a $\sum m_\nu>0$ $(\sum m_\nu>0.059)$ eV prior. These neutrino-mass constraints are substantially relaxed in models beyond $\Lambda$CDM. [Abridged.], Comment: This DESI Collaboration Key Publication is part of the 2024 publication series using the first year of observations (see https://data.desi.lbl.gov/doc/papers). 68 pages, 15 figures. Version accepted for publication in JCAP
Published: 2024

9. DESI 2024 IV: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from the Lyman Alpha Forest

Author: DESI Collaboration, Adame, A. G., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Alam, S., Alexander, D. M., Alvarez, M., Alves, O., Anand, A., Andrade, U., Armengaud, E., Avila, S., Aviles, A., Awan, H., Bailey, S., Baltay, C., Bault, A., Bautista, J., Behera, J., BenZvi, S., Beutler, F., Bianchi, D., Blake, C., Blum, R., Brieden, S., Brodzeller, A., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burtin, E., Calderon, R., Canning, R., Rosell, A. Carnero, Cereskaite, R., Cervantes-Cota, J. L., Chabanier, S., Chaussidon, E., Chaves-Montero, J., Chen, S., Chen, X., Claybaugh, T., Cole, S., Cuceu, A., Davis, T. M., Dawson, K., de la Cruz, R., de la Macorra, A., de Mattia, A., Deiosso, N., Dey, A., Dey, B., Ding, J., Ding, Z., Doel, P., Edelstein, J., Eftekharzadeh, S., Eisenstein, D. J., Elliott, A., Fagrelius, P., Fanning, K., Ferraro, S., Ereza, J., Findlay, N., Flaugher, B., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Sánchez, D., Forero-Romero, J. E., Garcia-Quintero, C., Gaztañaga, E., Gil-Marín, H., Gontcho, S. Gontcho A, Gonzalez-Morales, A. X., Gonzalez-Perez, V., Gordon, C., Green, D., Gruen, D., Gsponer, R., Gutierrez, G., Guy, J., Hadzhiyska, B., Hahn, C., Hanif, M. M. S, Herrera-Alcantar, H. K., Honscheid, K., Howlett, C., Huterer, D., Iršič, V., Ishak, M., Juneau, S., Karaçayli, N. G., Kehoe, R., Kent, S., Kirkby, D., Kremin, A., Krolewski, A., Lai, Y., Lan, T. -W., Landriau, M., Lang, D., Lasker, J., Goff, J. M. Le, Guillou, L. Le, Leauthaud, A., Levi, M. E., Li, T. S., Linder, E., Lodha, K., Magneville, C., Manera, M., Margala, D., Martini, P., Maus, M., McDonald, P., Medina-Varela, L., Meisner, A., Mena-Fernández, J., Miquel, R., Moon, J., Moore, S., Moustakas, J., Mueller, E., Muñoz-Gutiérrez, A., Myers, A. D., Nadathur, S., Napolitano, L., Neveux, R., Newman, J. A., Nguyen, N. M., Nie, J., Niz, G., Noriega, H. E., Padmanabhan, N., Paillas, E., Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Pan, J., Penmetsa, S., Percival, W. J., Pieri, M. M., Pinon, M., Poppett, C., Porredon, A., Prada, F., Pérez-Fernández, A., Pérez-Ràfols, I., Rabinowitz, D., Raichoor, A., Ramírez-Pérez, C., Ramirez-Solano, S., Rashkovetskyi, M., Ravoux, C., Rezaie, M., Rich, J., Rocher, A., Rockosi, C., Roe, N. A., Rosado-Marin, A., Ross, A. J., Rossi, G., Ruggeri, R., Ruhlmann-Kleider, V., Samushia, L., Sanchez, E., Saulder, C., Schlafly, E. F., Schlegel, D., Schubnell, M., Seo, H., Sharples, R., Silber, J., Sinigaglia, F., Slosar, A., Smith, A., Sprayberry, D., Tan, T., Tarlé, G., Trusov, S., Vaisakh, R., Valcin, D., Valdes, F., Vargas-Magaña, M., Verde, L., Walther, M., Wang, B., Wang, M. S., Weaver, B. A., Weaverdyck, N., Wechsler, R. H., Weinberg, D. H., White, M., Yu, J., Yu, Y., Yuan, S., Yèche, C., Zaborowski, E. A., Zarrouk, P., Zhang, H., Zhao, C., Zhao, R., Zhou, R., and Zou, H.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the measurement of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) from the Lyman-$\alpha$ (Ly$\alpha$) forest of high-redshift quasars with the first-year dataset of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). Our analysis uses over $420\,000$ Ly$\alpha$ forest spectra and their correlation with the spatial distribution of more than $700\,000$ quasars. An essential facet of this work is the development of a new analysis methodology on a blinded dataset. We conducted rigorous tests using synthetic data to ensure the reliability of our methodology and findings before unblinding. Additionally, we conducted multiple data splits to assess the consistency of the results and scrutinized various analysis approaches to confirm their robustness. For a given value of the sound horizon ($r_d$), we measure the expansion at $z_{\rm eff}=2.33$ with 2\% precision, $H(z_{\rm eff}) = (239.2 \pm 4.8) (147.09~{\rm Mpc} /r_d)$ km/s/Mpc. Similarly, we present a 2.4\% measurement of the transverse comoving distance to the same redshift, $D_M(z_{\rm eff}) = (5.84 \pm 0.14) (r_d/147.09~{\rm Mpc})$ Gpc. Together with other DESI BAO measurements at lower redshifts, these results are used in a companion paper to constrain cosmological parameters., Comment: This DESI Collaboration Key Publication is part of the 2024 publication series using the first year of observations (see https://data.desi.lbl.gov/doc/papers). Minor changes in v4, version accepted for publication in JCAP
Published: 2024

10. DESI 2024 III: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from Galaxies and Quasars

Author: DESI Collaboration, Adame, A. G., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Alam, S., Alexander, D. M., Alvarez, M., Alves, O., Anand, A., Andrade, U., Armengaud, E., Avila, S., Aviles, A., Awan, H., Bailey, S., Baltay, C., Bault, A., Behera, J., BenZvi, S., Beutler, F., Bianchi, D., Blake, C., Blum, R., Brieden, S., Brodzeller, A., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burtin, E., Calderon, R., Canning, R., Rosell, A. Carnero, Cereskaite, R., Cervantes-Cota, J. L., Chabanier, S., Chaussidon, E., Chaves-Montero, J., Chen, S., Chen, X., Claybaugh, T., Cole, S., Cuceu, A., Davis, T. M., Dawson, K., de la Macorra, A., de Mattia, A., Deiosso, N., Dey, A., Dey, B., Ding, Z., Doel, P., Edelstein, J., Eftekharzadeh, S., Eisenstein, D. J., Elliott, A., Fagrelius, P., Fanning, K., Ferraro, S., Ereza, J., Findlay, N., Flaugher, B., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Sánchez, D., Forero-Romero, J. E., Garcia-Quintero, C., Gaztañaga, E., Gil-Marín, H., Gontcho, S. Gontcho A, Gonzalez-Morales, A. X., Gonzalez-Perez, V., Gordon, C., Green, D., Gruen, D., Gsponer, R., Gutierrez, G., Guy, J., Hadzhiyska, B., Hahn, C., Hanif, M. M. S, Herrera-Alcantar, H. K., Honscheid, K., Howlett, C., Huterer, D., Iršič, V., Ishak, M., Juneau, S., Karaçaylı, N. G., Kehoe, R., Kent, S., Kirkby, D., Kremin, A., Krolewski, A., Lai, Y., Lan, T. -W., Landriau, M., Lang, D., Lasker, J., Goff, J. M. Le, Guillou, L. Le, Leauthaud, A., Levi, M. E., Li, T. S., Linder, E., Lodha, K., Magneville, C., Manera, M., Margala, D., Martini, P., Maus, M., McDonald, P., Medina-Varela, L., Meisner, A., Mena-Fernández, J., Miquel, R., Moon, J., Moore, S., Moustakas, J., Mudur, N., Mueller, E., Muñoz-Gutiérrez, A., Myers, A. D., Nadathur, S., Napolitano, L., Neveux, R., Newman, J. A., Nguyen, N. M., Nie, J., Niz, G., Noriega, H. E., Padmanabhan, N., Paillas, E., Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Pan, J., Penmetsa, S., Percival, W. J., Pieri, M., Pinon, M., Poppett, C., Porredon, A., Prada, F., Pérez-Fernández, A., Pérez-Ràfols, I., Rabinowitz, D., Raichoor, A., Ramírez-Pérez, C., Ramirez-Solano, S., Rashkovetskyi, M., Rezaie, M., Rich, J., Rocher, A., Rockosi, C., Roe, N. A., Rosado-Marin, A., Ross, A. J., Rossi, G., Ruggeri, R., Ruhlmann-Kleider, V., Samushia, L., Sanchez, E., Saulder, C., Schlafly, E. F., Schlegel, D., Schubnell, M., Seo, H., Sharples, R., Silber, J., Slosar, A., Smith, A., Sprayberry, D., Swanson, J., Tan, T., Tarlé, G., Trusov, S., Vaisakh, R., Valcin, D., Valdes, F., Vargas-Magaña, M., Verde, L., Walther, M., Wang, B., Wang, M. S., Weaver, B. A., Weaverdyck, N., Wechsler, R. H., Weinberg, D. H., White, M., Yu, J., Yu, Y., Yuan, S., Yèche, C., Zaborowski, E. A., Zarrouk, P., Zhang, H., Zhao, C., Zhao, R., Zhou, R., and Zou, H.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the DESI 2024 galaxy and quasar baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) measurements using over 5.7 million unique galaxy and quasar redshifts in the range 0.1
Published: 2024

11. Measuring Fiber Positioning Accuracy and Throughput with Fiber Dithering for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

Author: Schlafly, E. F., Schlegel, D., BenZvi, S., Raichoor, A., Forero-Romero, J. E., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Bailey, S., Bault, A., Brooks, D., Claybaugh, T., Dawson, K., de la Macorra, A., Dey, Arjun, Doel, P., Gaztañaga, E., Gontcho, S. Gontcho A, Guy, J., Hahn, C., Honscheid, K., Jimenez, J., Kent, S., Kirkby, D., Kisner, T., Kremin, A., Lambert, A., Landriau, M., Levi, M. E., Manera, M., Martini, P., Meisner, A., Miquel, R., Moustakas, J., Myers, A. D., Nie, J., Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Percival, W. J., Poppett, C., Prada, F., Rabinowitz, D., Rezaie, M., Rossi, G., Sanchez, E., Schubnell, M., Sharples, R., Silber, J., Tarlé, G., Weaver, B. A., Zhou, Z., and Zou, H.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: Highly multiplexed, fiber-fed spectroscopy is enabling surveys of millions of stars and galaxies. The performance of these surveys depends on accurately positioning fibers in the focal plane to capture target light. We describe a technique to measure the positioning accuracy of fibers by dithering fibers slightly around their ideal locations. This approach also enables measurement of the total system throughput and point spread function delivered to the focal plane. We then apply this technique to observations from the Dark Energy Survey Instrument (DESI), and demonstrate that DESI positions fibers to within 0.08" of their targets (5% of a fiber diameter) and achieves a system throughput within about 5% of expectations., Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2024

12. Dark Energy Survey: A 2.1% measurement of the angular Baryonic Acoustic Oscillation scale at redshift $z_{\rm eff}$=0.85 from the final dataset

Author: DES Collaboration, Abbott, T. M. C., Adamow, M., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Alves, O., Amon, A., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Asorey, J., Avila, S., Bacon, D., Bechtol, K., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Blazek, J., Bocquet, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Camacho, H., Rosell, A. Carnero, Carollo, D., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Cawthon, R., Chan, K. C., Chang, C., Conselice, C., Costanzi, M., Crocce, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., Davis, T. M., De Vicente, J., Deiosso, N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dodelson, S., Doux, C., Drlica-Wagner, A., Elvin-Poole, J., Everett, S., Ferrero, I., Ferté, A., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Giannini, G., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Huterer, D., James, D. J., Kent, S., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lee, S., Lidman, C., Lin, H., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Mena-Fernández, J., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Myles, J., Nichol, R. C., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Percival, W. J., Pieres, A., Malagón, A. A. Plazas, Porredon, A., Prat, J., Rodríguez-Monroy, M., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rosenfeld, R., Ross, A. J., Rykoff, E. S., Sako, M., Samuroff, S., Sánchez, C., Sanchez, E., Cid, D. Sanchez, Santiago, B., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Cipriano, L. Toribio San, Troxel, M. A., Tucker, B. E., Tucker, D. L., Walker, A. R., Weaverdyck, N., Weller, J., Wiseman, P., and Yanny, B.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the angular diameter distance measurement obtained with the Baryonic Acoustic Oscillation feature from galaxy clustering in the completed Dark Energy Survey, consisting of six years (Y6) of observations. We use the Y6 BAO galaxy sample, optimized for BAO science in the redshift range 0.6<$z$<1.2, with an effective redshift at $z_{\rm eff}$=0.85 and split into six tomographic bins. The sample has nearly 16 million galaxies over 4,273 square degrees. Our consensus measurement constrains the ratio of the angular distance to sound horizon scale to $D_M(z_{\rm eff})/r_d$ = 19.51$\pm$0.41 (at 68.3% confidence interval), resulting from comparing the BAO position in our data to that predicted by Planck $\Lambda$CDM via the BAO shift parameter $\alpha=(D_M/r_d)/(D_M/r_d)_{\rm Planck}$. To achieve this, the BAO shift is measured with three different methods, Angular Correlation Function (ACF), Angular Power Spectrum (APS), and Projected Correlation Function (PCF) obtaining $\alpha=$ 0.952$\pm$0.023, 0.962$\pm$0.022, and 0.955$\pm$0.020, respectively, which we combine to $\alpha=$ 0.957$\pm$0.020, including systematic errors. When compared with the $\Lambda$CDM model that best fits Planck data, this measurement is found to be 4.3% and 2.1$\sigma$ below the angular BAO scale predicted. To date, it represents the most precise angular BAO measurement at $z$>0.75 from any survey and the most precise measurement at any redshift from photometric surveys. The analysis was performed blinded to the BAO position and it is shown to be robust against analysis choices, data removal, redshift calibrations and observational systematics., Comment: Submitted to PRD, 39 pages, 12 figures
Published: 2024

13. The Dark Energy Survey: Cosmology Results With ~1500 New High-redshift Type Ia Supernovae Using The Full 5-year Dataset

Author: DES Collaboration, Abbott, T. M. C., Acevedo, M., Aguena, M., Alarcon, A., Allam, S., Alves, O., Amon, A., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Annis, J., Armstrong, P., Asorey, J., Avila, S., Bacon, D., Bassett, B. A., Bechtol, K., Bernardinelli, P. H., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Blazek, J., Bocquet, S., Brooks, D., Brout, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Camacho, H., Camilleri, R., Campos, A., Rosell, A. Carnero, Carollo, D., Carr, A., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Cawthon, R., Chang, C., Chen, R., Choi, A., Conselice, C., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Crocce, M., Davis, T. M., DePoy, D. L., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dixon, M., Dodelson, S., Doel, P., Doux, C., Drlica-Wagner, A., Elvin-Poole, J., Everett, S., Ferrero, I., Ferté, A., Flaugher, B., Foley, R. J., Fosalba, P., Friedel, D., Frieman, J., Frohmaier, C., Galbany, L., García-Bellido, J., Gatti, M., Gaztanaga, E., Giannini, G., Glazebrook, K., Graur, O., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Herner, K., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Huterer, D., Jain, B., James, D. J., Jeffrey, N., Kasai, E., Kelsey, L., Kent, S., Kessler, R., Kim, A. G., Kirshner, R. P., Kovacs, E., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lee, J., Lee, S., Lewis, G. F., Li, T. S., Lidman, C., Lin, H., Malik, U., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Mena-Fernández, J., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Mould, J., Muir, J., Möller, A., Neilsen, E., Nichol, R. C., Nugent, P., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Pan, Y. -C., Paterno, M., Percival, W. J., Pereira, M. E. S., Pieres, A., Malagón, A. A. Plazas, Popovic, B., Porredon, A., Prat, J., Qu, H., Raveri, M., Rodríguez-Monroy, M., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rose, B., Sako, M., Sanchez, E., Cid, D. Sanchez, Schubnell, M., Scolnic, D., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Shah, P., Smith, J. Allyn., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Sullivan, M., Suntzeff, N., Swanson, M. E. C., Sánchez, B. O., Tarle, G., Taylor, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Toy, M., Troxel, M. A., Tucker, B. E., Tucker, D. L., Uddin, S. A., Vincenzi, M., Walker, A. R., Weaverdyck, N., Wechsler, R. H., Weller, J., Wester, W., Wiseman, P., Yamamoto, M., Yuan, F., Zhang, B., and Zhang, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present cosmological constraints from the sample of Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) discovered during the full five years of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Supernova Program. In contrast to most previous cosmological samples, in which SN are classified based on their spectra, we classify the DES SNe using a machine learning algorithm applied to their light curves in four photometric bands. Spectroscopic redshifts are acquired from a dedicated follow-up survey of the host galaxies. After accounting for the likelihood of each SN being a SN Ia, we find 1635 DES SNe in the redshift range $0.100.5$ SNe compared to the previous leading compilation of Pantheon+, and results in the tightest cosmological constraints achieved by any SN data set to date. To derive cosmological constraints we combine the DES supernova data with a high-quality external low-redshift sample consisting of 194 SNe Ia spanning $0.025
Published: 2024

14. Highly efficient slab-loaded microwave resonator design: analytical solution and numerical validation

Author: Süle, O. and Kent, S.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. Astrometric Calibration and Performance of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Focal Plane

Author: Kent, S., Neilsen, E., Honscheid, K., Rabinowitz, D., Schlafly, E. F., Guy, J., Schlegel, D., Garcia-Bellido, J., Li, T. S., Sanchez, E., Silber, Joseph Harry, Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Brooks, D., Claybaugh, T., de la Macorra, A., Doel, P., Eisenstein, D. J., Fanning, K., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Romero, J. E., Gontcho, S. Gontcho A, Jimenez, J., Kirkby, D., Kisner, T., Kremin, Anthony, Landriau, M., Guillou, L. Le, Levi, Michael E., Magneville, C., Manera, M., Martini, Paul, Meisner, Aaron M., Miquel, R., Moustakas, J., Nie, J., Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Percival, W. J., Poppett, C., Rezaie, M., Ross, A. J., Rossi, G., Schubnell, M., Seo, H., Tarle, Gregory, Weaver, B. A., Zhou, Rongpu, Zhou, Zhimin, and Zou, H.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument, consisting of 5020 robotic fiber positioners and associated systems on the Mayall telescope at Kitt Peak, Arizona, is carrying out a survey to measure the spectra of 40 million galaxies and quasars and produce the largest 3D map of the universe to date. The primary science goal is to use baryon acoustic oscillations to measure the expansion history of the universe and the time evolution of dark energy. A key function of the online control system is to position each fiber on a particular target in the focal plane with an accuracy of 11$\mu$m rms 2-D. This paper describes the set of software programs used to perform this function along with the methods used to validate their performance., Comment: 27 pages, 16 figures
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. The Early Data Release of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

Author: DESI Collaboration, Adame, A. G., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Alam, S., Aldering, G., Alexander, D. M., Alfarsy, R., Prieto, C. Allende, Alvarez, M., Alves, O., Anand, A., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Armengaud, E., Asorey, J., Avila, S., Aviles, A., Bailey, S., Balaguera-Antolínez, A., Ballester, O., Baltay, C., Bault, A., Bautista, J., Behera, J., Beltran, S. F., BenZvi, S., Silva, L. Beraldo e, Bermejo-Climent, J. R., Berti, A., Besuner, R., Beutler, F., Bianchi, D., Blake, C., Blum, R., Bolton, A. S., Brieden, S., Brodzeller, A., Brooks, D., Brown, Z., Buckley-Geer, E., Burtin, E., Cabayol-Garcia, L., Cai, Z., Canning, R., Cardiel-Sas, L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Castander, F. J., Cervantes-Cota, J. L., Chabanier, S., Chaussidon, E., Chaves-Montero, J., Chen, S., Chen, X., Chuang, C., Claybaugh, T., Cole, S., Cooper, A. P., Cuceu, A., Davis, T. M., Dawson, K., de Belsunce, R., de la Cruz, R., de la Macorra, A., Della Costa, J., de Mattia, A., Demina, R., Demirbozan, U., DeRose, J., Dey, A., Dey, B., Dhungana, G., Ding, J., Ding, Z., Doel, P., Doshi, R., Douglass, K., Edge, A., Eftekharzadeh, S., Eisenstein, D. J., Elliott, A., Escoffier, S., Fagrelius, P., Fan, X., Fanning, K., Fawcett, V. A., Ferraro, S., Ereza, J., Flaugher, B., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Sánchez, D., Forero-Romero, J. E., Frenk, C. S., Gänsicke, B. T., García, L. Á., García-Bellido, J., Garcia-Quintero, C., Garrison, L. H., Gil-Marín, H., Golden-Marx, J., Gontcho, S. Gontcho A, Gonzalez-Morales, A. X., Gonzalez-Perez, V., Gordon, C., Graur, O., Green, D., Gruen, D., Guy, J., Hadzhiyska, B., Hahn, C., Han, J. J., Hanif, M. M. S, Herrera-Alcantar, H. K., Honscheid, K., Hou, J., Howlett, C., Huterer, D., Iršič, V., Ishak, M., Jacques, A., Jana, A., Jiang, L., Jimenez, J., Jing, Y. P., Joudaki, S., Jullo, E., Juneau, S., Kizhuprakkat, N., Karaçaylı, N. G., Karim, T., Kehoe, R., Kent, S., Khederlarian, A., Kim, S., Kirkby, D., Kisner, T., Kitaura, F., Kneib, J., Koposov, S. E., Kovács, A., Kremin, A., Krolewski, A., L'Huillier, B., Lahav, O., Lambert, A., Lamman, C., Lan, T. -W., Landriau, M., Lang, D., Lange, J. U., Lasker, J., Leauthaud, A., Guillou, L. Le, Levi, M. E., Li, T. S., Linder, E., Lyons, A., Magneville, C., Manera, M., Manser, C. J., Margala, D., Martini, P., McDonald, P., Medina, G. E., Medina-Varela, L., Meisner, A., Mena-Fernández, J., Meneses-Rizo, J., Mezcua, M., Miquel, R., Montero-Camacho, P., Moon, J., Moore, S., Moustakas, J., Mueller, E., Mundet, J., Muñoz-Gutiérrez, A., Myers, A. D., Nadathur, S., Napolitano, L., Neveux, R., Newman, J. A., Nie, J., Nikutta, R., Niz, G., Norberg, P., Noriega, H. E., Paillas, E., Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Palmese, A., Zhiwei, P., Parkinson, D., Penmetsa, S., Percival, W. J., Pérez-Fernández, A., Pérez-Ràfols, I., Pieri, M., Poppett, C., Porredon, A., Pothier, S., Prada, F., Pucha, R., Raichoor, A., Ramírez-Pérez, C., Ramirez-Solano, S., Rashkovetskyi, M., Ravoux, C., Rocher, A., Rockosi, C., Ross, A. J., Rossi, G., Ruggeri, R., Ruhlmann-Kleider, V., Sabiu, C. G., Said, K., Saintonge, A., Samushia, L., Sanchez, E., Saulder, C., Schaan, E., Schlafly, E. F., Schlegel, D., Scholte, D., Schubnell, M., Seo, H., Shafieloo, A., Sharples, R., Sheu, W., Silber, J., Sinigaglia, F., Siudek, M., Slepian, Z., Smith, A., Soumagnac, M. T., Sprayberry, D., Stephey, L., Suárez-Pérez, J., Sun, Z., Tan, T., Tarlé, G., Tojeiro, R., Ureña-López, L. A., Vaisakh, R., Valcin, D., Valdes, F., Valluri, M., Vargas-Magaña, M., Variu, A., Verde, L., Walther, M., Wang, B., Wang, M. S., Weaver, B. A., Weaverdyck, N., Wechsler, R. H., White, M., Xie, Y., Yang, J., Yèche, C., Yu, J., Yuan, S., Zhang, H., Zhang, Z., Zhao, C., Zheng, Z., Zhou, R., Zhou, Z., Zou, H., Zou, S., and Zu, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) completed its five-month Survey Validation in May 2021. Spectra of stellar and extragalactic targets from Survey Validation constitute the first major data sample from the DESI survey. This paper describes the public release of those spectra, the catalogs of derived properties, and the intermediate data products. In total, the public release includes good-quality spectral information from 466,447 objects targeted as part of the Milky Way Survey, 428,758 as part of the Bright Galaxy Survey, 227,318 as part of the Luminous Red Galaxy sample, 437,664 as part of the Emission Line Galaxy sample, and 76,079 as part of the Quasar sample. In addition, the release includes spectral information from 137,148 objects that expand the scope beyond the primary samples as part of a series of secondary programs. Here, we describe the spectral data, data quality, data products, Large-Scale Structure science catalogs, access to the data, and references that provide relevant background to using these spectra., Comment: 43 pages, 7 figures, 17 tables, accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. Validation of the Scientific Program for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

Author: DESI Collaboration, Adame, A. G., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Alam, S., Aldering, G., Alexander, D. M., Alfarsy, R., Prieto, C. Allende, Alvarez, M., Alves, O., Anand, A., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Armengaud, E., Asorey, J., Avila, S., Aviles, A., Bailey, S., Balaguera-Antolínez, A., Ballester, O., Baltay, C., Bault, A., Bautista, J., Behera, J., Beltran, S. F., BenZvi, S., Silva, L. Beraldo e, Bermejo-Climent, J. R., Berti, A., Besuner, R., Beutler, F., Bianchi, D., Blake, C., Blum, R., Bolton, A. S., Brieden, S., Brodzeller, A., Brooks, D., Brown, Z., Buckley-Geer, E., Burtin, E., Cabayol-Garcia, L., Cai, Z., Canning, R., Cardiel-Sas, L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Castander, F. J., Cervantes-Cota, J. L., Chabanier, S., Chaussidon, E., Chaves-Montero, J., Chen, S., Chuang, C., Claybaugh, T., Cole, S., Cooper, A. P., Cuceu, A., Davis, T. M., Dawson, K., de Belsunce, R., de la Cruz, R., de la Macorra, A., de Mattia, A., Demina, R., Demirbozan, U., DeRose, J., Dey, A., Dey, B., Dhungana, G., Ding, J., Ding, Z., Doel, P., Doshi, R., Douglass, K., Edge, A., Eftekharzadeh, S., Eisenstein, D. J., Elliott, A., Escoffier, S., Fagrelius, P., Fan, X., Fanning, K., Fawcett, V. A., Ferraro, S., Ereza, J., Flaugher, B., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Sánchez, D., Forero-Romero, J. E., Frenk, C. S., Gänsicke, B. T., García, L. Á., García-Bellido, J., Garcia-Quintero, C., Garrison, L. H., Gil-Marín, H., Golden-Marx, J., Gontcho, S. Gontcho A, Gonzalez-Morales, A. X., Gonzalez-Perez, V., Gordon, C., Graur, O., Green, D., Gruen, D., Guy, J., Hadzhiyska, B., Hahn, C., Han, J. J., Hanif, M. M. S, Herrera-Alcantar, H. K., Honscheid, K., Hou, J., Howlett, C., Huterer, D., Iršič, V., Ishak, M., Jana, A., Jiang, L., Jimenez, J., Jing, Y. P., Joudaki, S., Joyce, R., Jullo, E., Juneau, S., Kizhuprakkat, N., Karaçaylı, N. G., Karim, T., Kehoe, R., Kent, S., Khederlarian, A., Kim, S., Kirkby, D., Kisner, T., Kitaura, F., Kneib, J., Koposov, S. E., Kovács, A., Kremin, A., Krolewski, A., L'Huillier, B., Lahav, O., Lambert, A., Lamman, C., Lan, T. -W., Landriau, M., Lang, D., Lange, J. U., Lasker, J., Guillou, L. Le, Leauthaud, A., Levi, M. E., Li, T. S., Linder, E., Lyons, A., Magneville, C., Manera, M., Manser, C. J., Margala, D., Martini, P., McDonald, P., Medina, G. E., Medina-Varela, L., Meisner, A., Mena-Fernández, J., Meneses-Rizo, J., Mezcua, M., Miquel, R., Montero-Camacho, P., Moon, J., Moore, S., Moustakas, J., Mueller, E., Mundet, J., Muñoz-Gutiérrez, A., Myers, A. D., Nadathur, S., Napolitano, L., Neveux, R., Newman, J. A., Nie, J., Niz, G., Norberg, P., Noriega, H. E., Paillas, E., Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Palmese, A., Zhiwei, P., Parkinson, D., Penmetsa, S., Percival, W. J., Pérez-Fernández, A., Pérez-Ràfols, I., Pieri, M., Poppett, C., Porredon, A., Prada, F., Pucha, R., Raichoor, A., Ramírez-Pérez, C., Ramirez-Solano, S., Rashkovetskyi, M., Ravoux, C., Rocher, A., Rockosi, C., Ross, A. J., Rossi, G., Ruggeri, R., Ruhlmann-Kleider, V., Sabiu, C. G., Said, K., Saintonge, A., Samushia, L., Sanchez, E., Saulder, C., Schaan, E., Schlafly, E. F., Schlegel, D., Scholte, D., Schubnell, M., Seo, H., Shafieloo, A., Sharples, R., Sheu, W., Silber, J., Sinigaglia, F., Siudek, M., Slepian, Z., Smith, A., Sprayberry, D., Stephey, L., Suárez-Pérez, J., Sun, Z., Tan, T., Tarlé, G., Tojeiro, R., Ureña-López, L. A., Vaisakh, R., Valcin, D., Valdes, F., Valluri, M., Vargas-Magaña, M., Variu, A., Verde, L., Walther, M., Wang, B., Wang, M. S., Weaver, B. A., Weaverdyck, N., Wechsler, R. H., White, M., Xie, Y., Yang, J., Yèche, C., Yu, J., Yuan, S., Zhang, H., Zhang, Z., Zhao, C., Zheng, Z., Zhou, R., Zhou, Z., Zou, H., Zou, S., and Zu, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) was designed to conduct a survey covering 14,000 deg$^2$ over five years to constrain the cosmic expansion history through precise measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO). The scientific program for DESI was evaluated during a five month Survey Validation (SV) campaign before beginning full operations. This program produced deep spectra of tens of thousands of objects from each of the stellar (MWS), bright galaxy (BGS), luminous red galaxy (LRG), emission line galaxy (ELG), and quasar target classes. These SV spectra were used to optimize redshift distributions, characterize exposure times, determine calibration procedures, and assess observational overheads for the five-year program. In this paper, we present the final target selection algorithms, redshift distributions, and projected cosmology constraints resulting from those studies. We also present a `One-Percent survey' conducted at the conclusion of Survey Validation covering 140 deg$^2$ using the final target selection algorithms with exposures of a depth typical of the main survey. The Survey Validation indicates that DESI will be able to complete the full 14,000 deg$^2$ program with spectroscopically-confirmed targets from the MWS, BGS, LRG, ELG, and quasar programs with total sample sizes of 7.2, 13.8, 7.46, 15.7, and 2.87 million, respectively. These samples will allow exploration of the Milky Way halo, clustering on all scales, and BAO measurements with a statistical precision of 0.28% over the redshift interval $z<1.1$, 0.39% over the redshift interval $1.1
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. The Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program: Corrections on photometry due to wavelength-dependent atmospheric effects

Author: Lee, J., Acevedo, M., Sako, M., Vincenzi, M., Brout, D., Sanchez, B., Chen, R., Davis, T. M., Jarvis, M., Scolnic, D., Qu, H., Galbany, L., Kessler, R., Lasker, J., Sullivan, M., Wiseman, P., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Alves, O., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Bertin, E., Bocquet, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Everett, S., Ferrero, I., Friedel, D., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kent, S., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Mena-Fernández, J., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Pieres, A., Malagón, A. A. Plazas, Raveri, M., Reil, K., Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., To, C., and Weaverdyck, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Wavelength-dependent atmospheric effects impact photometric supernova flux measurements for ground-based observations. We present corrections on supernova flux measurements from the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program's 5YR sample (DES-SN5YR) for differential chromatic refraction (DCR) and wavelength-dependent seeing, and we show their impact on the cosmological parameters $w$ and $\Omega_m$. We use $g-i$ colors of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) to quantify astrometric offsets caused by DCR and simulate point spread functions (PSFs) using the GalSIM package to predict the shapes of the PSFs with DCR and wavelength-dependent seeing. We calculate the magnitude corrections and apply them to the magnitudes computed by the DES-SN5YR photometric pipeline. We find that for the DES-SN5YR analysis, not accounting for the astrometric offsets and changes in the PSF shape cause an average bias of $+0.2$ mmag and $-0.3$ mmag respectively, with standard deviations of $0.7$ mmag and $2.7$ mmag across all DES observing bands (\textit{griz}) throughout all redshifts. When the DCR and seeing effects are not accounted for, we find that $w$ and $\Omega_m$ are lower by less than $0.004\pm0.02$ and $0.001\pm0.01$ respectively, with $0.02$ and $0.01$ being the $1\sigma$ statistical uncertainties. Although we find that these biases do not limit the constraints of the DES-SN5YR sample, future surveys with much higher statistics, lower systematics, and especially those that observe in the $u$ band will require these corrections as wavelength-dependent atmospheric effects are larger at shorter wavelengths. We also discuss limitations of our method and how they can be better accounted for in future surveys., Comment: 15 pages, 13 figures, accepted by the Astronomical Journal
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

19. Long-Term Density Trend in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere from Occultations of the Crab Nebula with X-Ray Astronomy Satellites

Author: Katsuda, Satoru, Enoto, Teruaki, Lommen, Andrea N., Mori, Koji, Motizuki, Yuko, Nakajima, Motoki, Ruhl, Nathaniel C., Sato, Kosuke, Stober, Gunter, Tashiro, Makoto S., Terada, Yukikatsu, and Wood, Kent S.
Subjects: Physics - Space Physics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract: We present long-term density trends of the Earth's upper atmosphere at altitudes between 71 and 116 km, based on atmospheric occultations of the Crab Nebula observed with X-ray astronomy satellites, ASCA, RXTE, Suzaku, NuSTAR, and Hitomi. The combination of the five satellites provides a time period of 28 yr from 1994 to 2022. To suppress seasonal and latitudinal variations, we concentrate on the data taken in autumn (49< doy <111) and spring (235< doy <297) in the northern hemisphere with latitudes of 0--40 degrees. With this constraint, local times are automatically limited either around noon or midnight. We obtain four sets (two seasons times two local times) of density trends at each altitude layer. We take into account variations due to a linear trend and the 11-yr solar cycle using linear regression techniques. Because we do not see significant differences among the four trends, we combine them to provide a single vertical profile of trend slopes. We find a negative density trend of roughly -5 %/decade at every altitude. This is in reasonable agreement with inferences from settling rate of the upper atmosphere. In the 100--110 km altitude, we found an exceptionally high density decline of about -12 %/decade. This peak may be the first observational evidence for strong cooling due to water vapor and ozone near 110 km, which was first identified in a numerical simulation by Akmaev et al. (2006). Further observations and numerical simulations with suitable input parameters are needed to establish this feature., Comment: 38 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

20. Effects of temperature and storage duration on quality of an insect artificial diet

Author: Khanh-Van Ho, Bruce E. Hibbard, Michael G. Vella, Kent S. Shelby, and Man P. Huynh
Subjects: diet stability, completed diets, insect rearing, insect assays, Diabrotica spp., corn rootworms, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Artificial diets are widely used to produce insects for research and education programs. Completed diets, in which the diets are fully made from individual ingredients and ready to use, often have high water activity, making them vulnerable to degradation. Proper storage is critical to maintaining diet quality, yet the storage conditions are not well investigated. In this study, we characterized the effects of storage conditions (temperatures and storage duration) on the quality of a diet capable of rearing both specialist and generalist insect species. The completed diet, produced by both private industry and a USDA-Agricultural Research Service laboratory, was exposed to varying temperatures during a 24-hour transit over 1600 km. After transit, it was stored at 4°C for a total storage period of 28 days. In a separate experiment, the completed diet was stored immediately after diet production at five fixed temperatures (-20, 4, 22, 25, and 33°C) for up to 28 days. For both experiments, at 5 intervals after storage (1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days), diet quality was accessed by life history parameters (survival, molting, and weight) of western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte) larvae, the most serious maize pest in the United States. Our results showed that exposure to varying temperatures between -2°C and 27°C for 24 hours had no significant impact on diet quality. However, extended storage (beyond 24 hours) at any of the fixed temperatures negatively affected diet quality. Insects reared on diets stored for over 24 hours at fixed temperatures ranging from -20°C to 33°C had significant declines in performance. Among the tested temperatures, -20°C and 4°C were found to be the most effective for preserving diet quality. At these low temperatures, there were no significant changes in insect weight and survival for diets stored within 21 and 28 days, respectively, though molting was significantly reduced within 7 days of storage. These findings provide the base of information on the storage conditions for completed diets, supporting the production of healthy insects.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

21. Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Redshift Calibration of the MagLim Lens Sample from the combination of SOMPZ and clustering and its impact on Cosmology

Author: Giannini, G., Alarcon, A., Gatti, M., Porredon, A., Crocce, M., Bernstein, G. M., Cawthon, R., Sánchez, C., Doux, C., Elvin-Poole, J., Raveri, M., Myles, J., Amon, A., Allam, S., Alves, O., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Baxter, E., Bechtol, K., Becker, M. R., Blazek, J., Camacho, H., Campos, A., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Choi, A., Cordero, J., De Vicente, J., DeRose, J., Diehl, H. T., Dodelson, S., Drlica-Wagner, A., Eckert, K., Everett, S., Fang, X., Farahi, A., Fosalba, P., Friedrich, O., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Harrison, I., Hartley, W. G., Huff, E. M., Jarvis, M., Krause, E., Kuropatkin, N., Lemos, P., MacCrann, N., McCullough, J., Muir, J., Pandey, S., Prat, J., Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Ross, A. J., Rykoff, E. S., Samuroff, S., Secco, L. F., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Troxel, M. A., Tucker, D. L., Weaverdyck, N., Yanny, B., Yin, B., Zhang, Y., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Bacon, D., Bertin, E., Bocquet, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., Desai, S., Doel, P., Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Friedel, D., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gerdes, D. W., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kent, S., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lidman, C., Lima, M., Melchior, P., Mena-Fernández, J., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Paterno, M., Paz-Chinchón, F., Pieres, A., Malagón, A. A. Plazas, Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., and Vincenzi, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present an alternative calibration of the MagLim lens sample redshift distributions from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) first three years of data (Y3). The new calibration is based on a combination of a Self-Organising Maps based scheme and clustering redshifts to estimate redshift distributions and inherent uncertainties, which is expected to be more accurate than the original DES Y3 redshift calibration of the lens sample. We describe in detail the methodology, we validate it on simulations and discuss the main effects dominating our error budget. The new calibration is in fair agreement with the fiducial DES Y3 redshift distributions calibration, with only mild differences ($<3\sigma$) in the means and widths of the distributions. We study the impact of this new calibration on cosmological constraints, analysing DES Y3 galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing measurements, assuming a $\Lambda$CDM cosmology. We obtain $\Omega_{\rm m} = 0.30\pm 0.04$, $\sigma_8 = 0.81\pm 0.07 $ and $S_8 = 0.81\pm 0.04$, which implies a $\sim 0.4\sigma$ shift in the $\Omega_{\rm}-S_8$ plane compared to the fiducial DES Y3 results, highlighting the importance of the redshift calibration of the lens sample in multi-probe cosmological analyses.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. Risk factors associated with short-term complications in mandibular fractures: the MANTRA study—a Maxillofacial Trainee Research Collaborative (MTReC)

Author: Kent, S., Adatia, A., James, P., Bains, K., Henry, A., Blore, C., Dawoud, B., Kumar, D., Jefferies, C., and Kyzas, P.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. Joint analysis of DES Year 3 data and CMB lensing from SPT and Planck III: Combined cosmological constraints

Author: Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Alarcon, A., Alves, O., Amon, A., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Annis, J., Ansarinejad, B., Avila, S., Bacon, D., Baxter, E. J., Bechtol, K., Becker, M. R., Benson, B. A., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Blazek, J., Bleem, L. E., Bocquet, S., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Camacho, H., Campos, A., Carlstrom, J. E., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cawthon, R., Chang, C., Chang, C. L., Chen, R., Choi, A., Chown, R., Conselice, C., Cordero, J., Costanzi, M., Crawford, T., Crites, A. T., Crocce, M., da Costa, L. N., Davis, C., Davis, T. M., de Haan, T., De Vicente, J., DeRose, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dobbs, M. A., Dodelson, S., Doel, P., Doux, C., Drlica-Wagner, A., Eckert, K., Eifler, T. F., Elsner, F., Elvin-Poole, J., Everett, S., Everett, W., Fang, X., Ferrero, I., Ferté, A., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Friedrich, O., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gatti, M., George, E. M., Giannantonio, T., Giannini, G., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Halverson, N. W., Harrison, I., Herner, K., Hinton, S. R., Holder, G. P., Hollowood, D. L., Holzapfel, W. L., Honscheid, K., Hrubes, J. D., Huang, H., Huff, E. M., Huterer, D., Jain, B., James, D. J., Jarvis, M., Jeltema, T., Kent, S., Knox, L., Kovacs, A., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lee, A. T., Leget, P. -F., Lemos, P., Liddle, A. R., Lidman, C., Luong-Van, D., McMahon, J. J., MacCrann, N., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., McCullough, J., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Meyer, S. S., Miquel, R., Mocanu, L., Mohr, J. J., Morgan, R., Muir, J., Myles, J., Natoli, T., Navarro-Alsina, A., Nichol, R. C., Omori, Y., Padin, S., Pandey, S., Park, Y., Paz-Chinchón, F., Pereira, M. E. S., Pieres, A., Malagón, A. A. Plazas, Porredon, A., Prat, J., Pryke, C., Raveri, M., Reichardt, C. L., Rollins, R. P., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rosenfeld, R., Ross, A. J., Ruhl, J. E., Rykoff, E. S., Sánchez, C., Sanchez, E., Sanchez, J., Schaffer, K. K., Secco, L. F., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Shin, T., Shirokoff, E., Smith, M., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., To, C., Troxel, M. A., Tutusaus, I., Varga, T. N., Vieira, J. D., Weaverdyck, N., Wechsler, R. H., Weller, J., Williamson, R., Wu, W. L. K., Yanny, B., Yin, B., Zhang, Y., and Zuntz, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present cosmological constraints from the analysis of two-point correlation functions between galaxy positions and galaxy lensing measured in Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 3 data and measurements of cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) and Planck. When jointly analyzing the DES-only two-point functions and the DES cross-correlations with SPT+Planck CMB lensing, we find $\Omega_{\rm m} = 0.344\pm 0.030$ and $S_8 \equiv \sigma_8 (\Omega_{\rm m}/0.3)^{0.5} = 0.773\pm 0.016$, assuming $\Lambda$CDM. When additionally combining with measurements of the CMB lensing autospectrum, we find $\Omega_{\rm m} = 0.306^{+0.018}_{-0.021}$ and $S_8 = 0.792\pm 0.012$. The high signal-to-noise of the CMB lensing cross-correlations enables several powerful consistency tests of these results, including comparisons with constraints derived from cross-correlations only, and comparisons designed to test the robustness of the galaxy lensing and clustering measurements from DES. Applying these tests to our measurements, we find no evidence of significant biases in the baseline cosmological constraints from the DES-only analyses or from the joint analyses with CMB lensing cross-correlations. However, the CMB lensing cross-correlations suggest possible problems with the correlation function measurements using alternative lens galaxy samples, in particular the redMaGiC galaxies and high-redshift MagLim galaxies, consistent with the findings of previous studies. We use the CMB lensing cross-correlations to identify directions for further investigating these problems., Comment: 20 pages, 15 figures
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

24. Overview of the Instrumentation for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

Author: Abareshi, B., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Alam, Shadab, Alexander, David M., Alfarsy, R., Allen, L., Prieto, C. Allende, Alves, O., Ameel, J., Armengaud, E., Asorey, J., Aviles, Alejandro, Bailey, S., Balaguera-Antolínez, A., Ballester, O., Baltay, C., Bault, A., Beltran, S. F., Benavides, B., BenZvi, S., Berti, A., Besuner, R., Beutler, Florian, Bianchi, D., Blake, C., Blanc, P., Blum, R., Bolton, A., Bose, S., Bramall, D., Brieden, S., Brodzeller, A., Brooks, D., Brownewell, C., Buckley-Geer, E., Cahn, R. N., Cai, Z., Canning, R., Rosell, A. Carnero, Carton, P., Casas, R., Castander, F. J., Cervantes-Cota, J. L., Chabanier, S., Chaussidon, E., Chuang, C., Circosta, C., Cole, S., Cooper, A. P., da Costa, L., Cousinou, M. -C., Cuceu, A., Davis, T. M., Dawson, K., de la Cruz-Noriega, R., de la Macorra, A., de Mattia, A., Della Costa, J., Demmer, P., Derwent, M., Dey, A., Dey, B., Dhungana, G., Ding, Z., Dobson, C., Doel, P., Donald-McCann, J., Donaldson, J., Douglass, K., Duan, Y., Dunlop, P., Edelstein, J., Eftekharzadeh, S., Eisenstein, D. J., Enriquez-Vargas, M., Escoffier, S., Evatt, M., Fagrelius, P., Fan, X., Fanning, K., Fawcett, V. A., Ferraro, S., Ereza, J., Flaugher, B., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Romero, J. E., Frenk, C. S., Fromenteau, S., Gänsicke, B. T., Garcia-Quintero, C., Garrison, L., Gaztañaga, E., Gerardi, F., Gil-Marín, H., Gontcho, S. Gontcho A, Gonzalez-Morales, Alma X., Gonzalez-de-Rivera, G., Gonzalez-Perez, V., Gordon, C., Graur, O., Green, D., Grove, C., Gruen, D., Gutierrez, G., Guy, J., Hahn, C., Harris, S., Herrera, D., Herrera-Alcantar, Hiram K., Honscheid, K., Howlett, C., Huterer, D., Iršič, V., Ishak, M., Jelinsky, P., Jiang, L., Jimenez, J., Jing, Y. P., Joyce, R., Jullo, E., Juneau, S., Karaçaylı, N. G., Karamanis, M., Karcher, A., Karim, T., Kehoe, R., Kent, S., Kirkby, D., Kisner, T., Kitaura, F., Koposov, S. E., Kovács, A., Kremin, A., Krolewski, Alex, L'Huillier, B., Lahav, O., Lambert, A., Lamman, C., Lan, Ting-Wen, Landriau, M., Lane, S., Lang, D., Lange, J. U., Lasker, J., Guillou, L. Le, Leauthaud, A., Van Suu, A. Le, Levi, Michael E., Li, T. S., Magneville, C., Manera, M., Manser, Christopher J., Marshall, B., McCollam, W., McDonald, P., Meisner, Aaron M., Mezcua, J. Mena-Fernández M., Miller, T., Miquel, R., Montero-Camacho, P., Moon, J., Martini, J. Paul, Meneses-Rizo, J., Moustakas, J., Mueller, E., Muñoz-Gutiérrez, Andrea, Myers, Adam D., Nadathur, S., Najita, J., Napolitano, L., Neilsen, E., Newman, Jeffrey A., Nie, J. D., Ning, Y., Niz, G., Norberg, P., Noriega, Hernán E., O'Brien, T., Obuljen, A., Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Palmese, A., Zhiwei, P., Pappalardo, D., Peng, X., Percival, W. J., Perruchot, S., Pogge, R., Poppett, C., Porredon, A., Prada, F., Prochaska, J., Pucha, R., Pérez-Fernández, A., Pérez-Ráfols, I., Rabinowitz, D., Raichoor, A., Ramirez-Solano, S., Ramírez-Pérez, César, Ravoux, C., Reil, K., Rezaie, M., Rocher, A., Rockosi, C., Roe, N. A., Roodman, A., Ross, A. J., Rossi, G., Ruggeri, R., Ruhlmann-Kleider, V., Sabiu, C. G., Safonova, S., Said, K., Saintonge, A., Catonga, Javier Salas, Samushia, L., Sanchez, E., Saulder, C., Schaan, E., Schlafly, E., Schlegel, D., Schmoll, J., Scholte, D., Schubnell, M., Secroun, A., Seo, H., Serrano, S., Sharples, Ray M., Sholl, Michael J., Silber, Joseph Harry, Silva, D. R., Sirk, M., Siudek, M., Smith, A., Sprayberry, D., Staten, R., Stupak, B., Tan, T., Tarlé, Gregory, Tie, Suk Sien, Tojeiro, R., Ureña-López, L. A., Valdes, F., Valenzuela, O., Valluri, M., Vargas-Magaña, M., Verde, L., Walther, M., Wang, B., Wang, M. S., Weaver, B. A., Weaverdyck, C., Wechsler, R., Wilson, Michael J., Yang, J., Yu, Y., Yuan, S., Yèche, Christophe, Zhang, H., Zhang, K., Zhao, Cheng, Zhou, Rongpu, Zhou, Zhimin, Zou, H., Zou, J., Zou, S., and Zu, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) has embarked on an ambitious five-year survey to explore the nature of dark energy with spectroscopy of 40 million galaxies and quasars. DESI will determine precise redshifts and employ the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation method to measure distances from the nearby universe to z > 3.5, as well as measure the growth of structure and probe potential modifications to general relativity. In this paper we describe the significant instrumentation we developed for the DESI survey. The new instrumentation includes a wide-field, 3.2-deg diameter prime-focus corrector that focuses the light onto 5020 robotic fiber positioners on the 0.812 m diameter, aspheric focal surface. The positioners and their fibers are divided among ten wedge-shaped petals. Each petal is connected to one of ten spectrographs via a contiguous, high-efficiency, nearly 50 m fiber cable bundle. The ten spectrographs each use a pair of dichroics to split the light into three channels that together record the light from 360 - 980 nm with a resolution of 2000 to 5000. We describe the science requirements, technical requirements on the instrumentation, and management of the project. DESI was installed at the 4-m Mayall telescope at Kitt Peak, and we also describe the facility upgrades to prepare for DESI and the installation and functional verification process. DESI has achieved all of its performance goals, and the DESI survey began in May 2021. Some performance highlights include RMS positioner accuracy better than 0.1", SNR per \sqrt{\AA} > 0.5 for a z > 2 quasar with flux 0.28e-17 erg/s/cm^2/A at 380 nm in 4000s, and median SNR = 7 of the [OII] doublet at 8e-17 erg/s/cm^2 in a 1000s exposure for emission line galaxies at z = 1.4 - 1.6. We conclude with highlights from the on-sky validation and commissioning of the instrument, key successes, and lessons learned. (abridged), Comment: 78 pages, 32 figures, submitted to AJ
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

25. Multimodal Prehabilitation for Peripheral Arterial Disease Patients with Intermittent Claudication—A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Author: Coca-Martinez, Miquel, Girsowicz, Elie, Doonan, Robert J., Obrand, Daniel I., Bayne, Jason P., Steinmetz, Oren K., Mackenzie, Kent S., Carli, Francesco, Martinez-Palli, Graciela, and Gill, Heather L.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

26. A Detection of Red Noise in PSR J1824$-$2452A and Projections for PSR B1937+21 using NICER X-ray Timing Data

Author: Hazboun, Jeffrey S., Crump, Jack, Lommen, Andrea N., Montano, Sergio, Berry, Samantha J. H., Zeldes, Jesse, Teng, Elizabeth, Ray, Paul S., Kerr, Matthew, Arzoumanian, Zaven, Bogdanov, Slavko, Deneva, Julia, Lewandowska, Natalia, Markwardt, Craig B., Ransom, Scott, Enoto, Teruaki, Wood, Kent S., Gendreau, Keith C., Howe, David A., and Parthasarathy, Aditya
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We have used X-ray data from the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) to search for long time-scale, correlated variations ("red noise") in the pulse times of arrival from the millisecond pulsars PSR J1824$-$2452A and PSR B1937+21. These data more closely track intrinsic noise because X-rays are unaffected by the radio-frequency dependent propagation effects of the interstellar medium. Our Bayesian search methodology yields strong evidence (natural log Bayes factor of $9.634 \pm 0.016$) for red noise in PSR J1824$-$2452A, but is inconclusive for PSR B1937+21. In the interest of future X-ray missions, we devise and implement a method to simulate longer and higher precision X-ray datasets to determine the timing baseline necessary to detect red noise. We find that the red noise in PSR B1937+21 can be reliably detected in a 5-year mission with a time-of-arrival (TOA) error of 2 microseconds and an observing cadence of 20 observations per month compared to the 5 microsecond TOA error and 11 observations per month that NICER currently achieves in PSR B1937+21. We investigate detecting red noise in PSR B1937+21 with other combinations of observing cadences and TOA errors. We also find that an injected stochastic gravitational wave background (GWB) with an amplitude of $A_{\rm GWB}=2\times10^{-15}$ and spectral index of $\gamma_{\rm GWB}=13/3$ can be detected in a pulsar with similar TOA precision to PSR B1937+21, but with no additional red noise, in a 10-year mission that observes the pulsar 15 times per month and has an average TOA error of 1 microsecond., Comment: 21 pages, 13 figures
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

27. A Profile for Route Origin Authorizations (ROAs)

Author: Snijders, J., primary, Maddison, B., additional, Lepinski, M., additional, Kong, D., additional, and Kent, S., additional
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

28. A search of the full six years of the Dark Energy Survey for outer Solar System objects

Author: Bernardinelli, Pedro H., Bernstein, Gary M., Sako, Masao, Yanny, Brian, Aguena, M., Allam, S., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Conselice, C., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Eckert, K., Everett, S., Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kent, S., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Myles, J., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchon, F., Pieres, A., Malagon, A. A. Plazas, Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., To, C., Varga, T. N., and Walker, A. R.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the results of a search for outer Solar System objects in the full six years of data (Y6) from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). The DES covered a contiguous $5000$ deg$^2$ of the southern sky with $\approx 80,000$ $3$ deg$^2$ exposures in the $grizY$ optical/IR filters between 2013 and 2019. This search yielded 815 trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs), one Centaur and one Oort cloud comet, with 461 objects reported for the first time in this paper. We present methodology that builds upon our previous search carried out on the first four years of data. Here, all DES images were reprocessed with an improved detection pipeline that leads to an average completeness gain of 0.47 mag per exposure, as well as an improved transient catalog production and optimized algorithms for linkage of detections into orbits. All objects were verified by visual inspection and by computing the sub-threshold significance, the total signal-to-noise ratio in the stack of images in which the object's presence is indicated by the orbit fit, but no detection was reported. This yields a highly pure catalog of TNOs complete to $r \approx 23.8$ mag and distances $29150$ au, $q>30$ au) are consistent with the null hypothesis of azimuthal isotropy; and non-resonant TNOs with $q>38$ au, $a>50$ au show a highly significant tendency to be sunward of the major mean motion resonances, whereas this tendency is not present for $q<38$ au., Comment: 29 pages, submitted to AAS journals. Survey simulation software and table of objects will be made available post peer review. Abstract abridged
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

29. No Evidence for Orbital Clustering in the Extreme Trans-Neptunian Objects

Author: Napier, K. J., Gerdes, D. W., Lin, Hsing Wen, Hamilton, S. J., Bernstein, G. M., Bernardinelli, P. H., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bacon, D., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Everett, S., Ferrero, I., Fosalba, P., Bellido, J. García, Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., James, D. J., Kent, S., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Maia, M. A. G., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., To, C., Walker, A. R., and Wilkinson, R. D.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: The apparent clustering in longitude of perihelion $\varpi$ and ascending node $\Omega$ of extreme trans-Neptunian objects (ETNOs) has been attributed to the gravitational effects of an unseen 5-10 Earth-mass planet in the outer solar system. To investigate how selection bias may contribute to this clustering, we consider 14 ETNOs discovered by the Dark Energy Survey, the Outer Solar System Origins Survey, and the survey of Sheppard and Trujillo. Using each survey's published pointing history, depth, and TNO tracking selections, we calculate the joint probability that these objects are consistent with an underlying parent population with uniform distributions in $\varpi$ and $\Omega$. We find that the mean scaled longitude of perihelion and orbital poles of the detected ETNOs are consistent with a uniform population at a level between $17\%$ and $94\%$, and thus conclude that this sample provides no evidence for angular clustering., Comment: 19 pages, 14 figures. Accepted to the Planetary Science Journal
Published: 2021

30. The Dark Energy Survey Data Release 2

Author: DES Collaboration, Abbott, T. M. C., Adamow, M., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Amon, A., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bacon, D., Banerji, M., Bechtol, K., Becker, M. R., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Bridle, S. L., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Cawthon, R., Chang, C., Choi, A., Conselice, C., Costanzi, M., Crocce, M., da Costa, L. N., Davis, T. M., De Vicente, J., DeRose, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Drlica-Wagner, A., Eckert, K., Elvin-Poole, J., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., Ferrero, I., Ferté, A., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Friedel, D., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gelman, L., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Gill, M., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Huterer, D., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Johnson, M. D., Kent, S., Kron, R., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Li, T. S., Lidman, C., Lin, H., MacCrann, N., Maia, M. A. G., Manning, T., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Myles, J., Neilsen, E., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Petravick, D., Pieres, A., Plazas, A. A., Pond, C., Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sako, M., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, J. Allyn., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Tremblay, P. E., Troxel, M. A., Tucker, D. L., Turner, D. J, Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., Wechsler, R. H., Weller, J., Wester, W., Wilkinson, R. D., Yanny, B., Zhang, Y., Nikutta, R., Fitzpatrick, M., Jacques, A., Scott, A., Olsen, K., Huang, L., Herrera, D., Juneau, S., Nidever, D., Weaver, B. A., Adean, C., Correia, V., de Freitas, M., Freitas, F. N., Singulani, C., and Vila-Verde, G.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the second public data release of the Dark Energy Survey, DES DR2, based on optical/near-infrared imaging by the Dark Energy Camera mounted on the 4-m Blanco telescope at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile. DES DR2 consists of reduced single-epoch and coadded images, a source catalog derived from coadded images, and associated data products assembled from 6 years of DES science operations. This release includes data from the DES wide-area survey covering ~5000 deg2 of the southern Galactic cap in five broad photometric bands, grizY. DES DR2 has a median delivered point-spread function full-width at half maximum of g= 1.11, r= 0.95, i= 0.88, z= 0.83, and Y= 0.90 arcsec photometric uniformity with a standard deviation of < 3 mmag with respect to Gaia DR2 G-band, a photometric accuracy of ~10 mmag, and a median internal astrometric precision of ~27 mas. The median coadded catalog depth for a 1.95 arcsec diameter aperture at S/N= 10 is g= 24.7, r= 24.4, i= 23.8, z= 23.1 and Y= 21.7 mag. DES DR2 includes ~691 million distinct astronomical objects detected in 10,169 coadded image tiles of size 0.534 deg2 produced from 76,217 single-epoch images. After a basic quality selection, benchmark galaxy and stellar samples contain 543 million and 145 million objects, respectively. These data are accessible through several interfaces, including interactive image visualization tools, web-based query clients, image cutout servers and Jupyter notebooks. DES DR2 constitutes the largest photometric data set to date at the achieved depth and photometric precision., Comment: Accepted version. Copyright AAS. Reproduced with permission. 29 pages, 13 figures. Visit https://des.ncsa.illinois.edu/releases/dr2
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

31. Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Measuring the Survey Transfer Function with Balrog

Author: Everett, S., Yanny, B., Kuropatkin, N., Huff, E. M., Zhang, Y., Myles, J., Masegian, A., Elvin-Poole, J., Allam, S., Bernstein, G. M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Splettstoesser, M., Sheldon, E., Jarvis, M., Amon, A., Harrison, I., Choi, A., Hartley, W. G., Alarcon, A., Sánchez, C., Gruen, D., Eckert, K., Prat, J., Tabbutt, M., Busti, V., Becker, M. R., MacCrann, N., Diehl, H. T., Tucker, D. L., Bertin, E., Jeltema, T., Drlica-Wagner, A., Gruendl, R. A., Bechtol, K., Rosell, A. Carnero, Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Annis, J., Bacon, D., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Conselice, C., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., De Vicente, J., DeRose, J., Desai, S., Eifler, T. F., Evrard, A. E., Ferrero, I., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Huterer, D., James, D. J., Kent, S., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Lin, H., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Morgan, R., Muir, J., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Serrano, S., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., To, C., Troxel, M. A., Varga, T. N., Weller, J., and Wilkinson, R. D.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We describe an updated calibration and diagnostic framework, Balrog, used to directly sample the selection and photometric biases of the Dark Energy Survey's (DES) Year 3 (Y3) dataset. We systematically inject onto the single-epoch images of a random 20% subset of the DES footprint an ensemble of nearly 30 million realistic galaxy models derived from DES Deep Field observations. These augmented images are analyzed in parallel with the original data to automatically inherit measurement systematics that are often too difficult to capture with traditional generative models. The resulting object catalog is a Monte Carlo sampling of the DES transfer function and is used as a powerful diagnostic and calibration tool for a variety of DES Y3 science, particularly for the calibration of the photometric redshifts of distant "source" galaxies and magnification biases of nearer "lens" galaxies. The recovered Balrog injections are shown to closely match the photometric property distributions of the Y3 GOLD catalog, particularly in color, and capture the number density fluctuations from observing conditions of the real data within 1% for a typical galaxy sample. We find that Y3 colors are extremely well calibrated, typically within ~1-8 millimagnitudes, but for a small subset of objects we detect significant magnitude biases correlated with large overestimates of the injected object size due to proximity effects and blending. We discuss approaches to extend the current methodology to capture more aspects of the transfer function and reach full coverage of the survey footprint for future analyses., Comment: Version accepted by ApJS. See https://www.darkenergysurvey.org/des-year-3-cosmology-results-papers/ for the full DES Y3 cosmology release. 59 pages, 32 figures
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

32. Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Deep Field Optical + Near-Infrared Images and Catalogue

Author: Hartley, W. G., Choi, A., Amon, A., Gruendl, R. A., Sheldon, E., Harrison, I., Bernstein, G. M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Yanny, B., Eckert, K., Diehl, H. T., Alarcon, A., Banerji, M., Bechtol, K., Buchs, R., Cantu, S., Conselice, C., Cordero, J., Davis, C., Davis, T. M., Dodelson, S., Drlica-Wagner, A., Everett, S., Ferté, A., Gruen, D., Honscheid, K., Jarvis, M., Johnson, M. D., Kokron, N., MacCrann, N., Myles, J., Pace, A. B., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Pereira, M. E. S., Plazas, A. A., Prat, J., Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Rykoff, E. S., Samuroff, S., Sánchez, C., Secco, L. F., Tarsitano, F., Tong, A., Troxel, M. A., Vasquez, Z., Wang, K., Zhou, C., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Bacon, D., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Costanzi, M., Crocce, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., DeRose, J., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Eifler, T. F., Elvin-Poole, J., Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Huterer, D., James, D. J., Kent, S., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lin, H., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Morgan, R., Neilsen, E., Ogando, R. L. C., Pandey, S., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sako, M., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Serrano, S., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., Wester, W., Wilkinson, R. D., and Zuntz, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We describe the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Deep Fields, a set of images and associated multi-wavelength catalogue ($ugrizJHKs$) built from Dark Energy Camera (DECam) and Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA) data. The DES Deep Fields comprise 11 fields (10 DES supernova fields plus COSMOS), with a total area of $\sim30~$ square degrees in $ugriz$ bands and reaching a maximum $i$-band depth of 26.75 (AB, $10\sigma$, 2 arcsec). We present a catalogue for the DES 3-year cosmology analysis of those four fields with full 8-band coverage, totalling $5.88~$ sq. deg. after masking. Numbering $2.8~$million objects ($1.6~$million post masking), our catalogue is drawn from images coadded to consistent depths of $r=25.7, i=25, z=24.3$ mag. We use a new model-fitting code, built upon established methods, to deblend sources and ensure consistent colours across the $u$-band to $Ks$-band wavelength range. We further detail the tight control we maintain over the point-spread function modelling required for the model fitting, astrometry and consistency of photometry between the four fields. The catalogue allows us to perform a careful star-galaxy separation and produces excellent photometric redshift performance (${\rm NMAD} = 0.023$ at $i<23$). The Deep-Fields catalogue will be made available as part of the cosmology data products release, following the completion of the DES 3-year weak lensing and galaxy clustering cosmology work., Comment: 32 pages, 23 figures, version accepted by MNRAS. See https://www.darkenergysurvey.org/des-year-3-cosmology-results-papers/ for the full DES Y3 cosmology release
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

33. Fruit Calories Estimation using Convolutional Neural Network.

Author: Analyn N. Yumang, Dave Emilson S. Banguilan, and Clark Kent S. Veneracion
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

34. Intraoperative Electromyography

Author: Rice, Kent S., Skinner, Stanley A., Seubert, Christoph N., editor, and Balzer, Jeffrey R., editor
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Point-Spread Function Modeling

Author: Jarvis, M., Bernstein, G. M., Amon, A., Davis, C., Léget, P. F., Bechtol, K., Harrison, I., Gatti, M., Roodman, A., Chang, C., Chen, R., Choi, A., Desai, S., Drlica-Wagner, A., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Hernandez, A., MacCrann, N., Meyers, J., Navarro-Alsina, A., Pandey, S., Plazas, A. A., Secco, L. F., Sheldon, E., Troxel, M. A., Vorperian, S., Wei, K., Zuntz, J., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Avila, S., Bhargava, S., Bridle, S. L., Brooks, D., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Everett, S., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kent, S., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Paz-Chinchón, F., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., Wester, W., Wilkinson, R. D., and Collaboration, DES
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We introduce a new software package for modeling the point-spread function (PSF) of astronomical images, called Piff (PSFs In the Full FOV), which we apply to the first three years (known as Y3) of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) data. We describe the relevant details about the algorithms used by Piff to model the PSF, including how the PSF model varies across the field of view (FOV). Diagnostic results show that the systematic errors from the PSF modeling are very small over the range of scales that are important for the DES Y3 weak lensing analysis. In particular, the systematic errors from the PSF modeling are significantly smaller than the corresponding results from the DES year one (Y1) analysis. We also briefly describe some planned improvements to Piff that we expect to further reduce the modeling errors in future analyses., Comment: 19 pages, accepted/published by MNRAS. See https://www.darkenergysurvey.org/des-year-3-cosmology-results-papers/ for the full DES Y3 cosmology release
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

36. Reducing ground-based astrometric errors with Gaia and Gaussian processes

Author: Fortino, W. F., Bernstein, G. M., Bernardinelli, P. H., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Bacon, D., Bechtol, K., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carretero, J., Choi, A., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Doel, P., Drlica-Wagner, A., Eckert, K., Eifler, T. F., Evrard, A. E., Ferrero, I., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Jarvis, M., Kent, S., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Myles, J., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., To, C., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., Weller, J., and Wester, W.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: Stochastic field distortions caused by atmospheric turbulence are a fundamental limitation to the astrometric accuracy of ground-based imaging. This distortion field is measurable at the locations of stars with accurate positions provided by the Gaia DR2 catalog; we develop the use of Gaussian process regression (GPR) to interpolate the distortion field to arbitrary locations in each exposure. We introduce an extension to standard GPR techniques that exploits the knowledge that the 2-dimensional distortion field is curl-free. Applied to several hundred 90-second exposures from the Dark Energy Survey as a testbed, we find that the GPR correction reduces the variance of the turbulent distortions $\approx12\times$, on average, with better performance in denser regions of the Gaia catalog. The RMS per-coordinate distortion in the $riz$ bands is typically $\approx7$ mas before any correction, and $\approx2$ mas after application of the GPR model. The GPR astrometric corrections are validated by the observation that their use reduces, from 10 to 5 mas RMS, the residuals to an orbit fit to $riz$-band observations over 5 years of the $r=18.5$ trans-Neptunian object Eris. We also propose a GPR method, not yet implemented, for simultaneously estimating the turbulence fields and the 5-dimensional stellar solutions in a stack of overlapping exposures, which should yield further turbulence reductions in future deep surveys., Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

37. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Catalog of > 4000 Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Galaxy Clusters

Author: Hilton, M., Sifón, C., Naess, S., Madhavacheril, M., Oguri, M., Rozo, E., Rykoff, E., Abbott, T. M. C., Adhikari, S., Aguena, M., Aiola, S., Allam, S., Amodeo, S., Amon, A., Annis, J., Ansarinejad, B., Aros-Bunster, C., Austermann, J. E., Avila, S., Bacon, D., Battaglia, N., Beall, J. A., Becker, D. T., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Bhandarkar, T., Bhargava, S., Bond, J. R., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Calabrese, E., Carretero, J., Choi, S. K., Choi, A., Conselice, C., da Costa, L. N., Costanzi, M., Crichton, D., Crowley, K. T., Dünner, R., Denison, E. V., Devlin, M. J., Dicker, S. R., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Duff, S. M., Duivenvoorden, A. J., Dunkley, J., Everett, S., Ferraro, S., Ferrero, I., Ferté, A., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gallardo, P. A., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giles, P., Golec, J. E., Gralla, M. B., Grandis, S., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Han, D., Hartley, W. G., Hasselfield, M., Hill, J. C., Hilton, G. C., Hincks, A. D., Hinton, S. R., Ho, S-P. P., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., Hubmayr, J., Huffenberger, K. M., Hughes, J. P., Jaelani, A. T., Jain, B., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Kent, S., Kind, M. Carrasco, Knowles, K., Koopman, B. J., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Lin, Y-T., Lokken, M., Loubser, S. I., MacCrann, N., Maia, M. A. G., Marriage, T. A., Martin, J., McMahon, J., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Miyatake, H., Moodley, K., Morgan, R., Mroczkowski, T., Nati, F., Newburgh, L. B., Niemack, M. D., Nishizawa, A. J., Ogando, R. L. C., Orlowski-Scherer, J., Page, L. A., Palmese, A., Partridge, B., Paz-Chinchón, F., Phakathi, P., Plazas, A. A., Robertson, N. C., Romer, A. K., Rosell, A. Carnero, Salatino, M., Sanchez, E., Schaan, E., Schillaci, A., Sehgal, N., Serrano, S., Shin, T., Simon, S. M., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Spergel, D. N., Staggs, S. T., Storer, E. R., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Trac, H., Ullom, J. N., Vale, L. R., Van Lanen, J., Vavagiakis, E. M., De Vicente, J., Wilkinson, R. D., Wollack, E. J., Xu, Z., and Zhang, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a catalog of 4195 optically confirmed Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) selected galaxy clusters detected with signal-to-noise > 4 in 13,211 deg$^2$ of sky surveyed by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). Cluster candidates were selected by applying a multi-frequency matched filter to 98 and 150 GHz maps constructed from ACT observations obtained from 2008-2018, and confirmed using deep, wide-area optical surveys. The clusters span the redshift range 0.04 < z < 1.91 (median z = 0.52). The catalog contains 222 z > 1 clusters, and a total of 868 systems are new discoveries. Assuming an SZ-signal vs. mass scaling relation calibrated from X-ray observations, the sample has a 90% completeness mass limit of M500c > 3.8 x 10$^{14}$ MSun, evaluated at z = 0.5, for clusters detected at signal-to-noise ratio > 5 in maps filtered at an angular scale of 2.4'. The survey has a large overlap with deep optical weak-lensing surveys that are being used to calibrate the SZ-signal mass-scaling relation, such as the Dark Energy Survey (4566 deg$^2$), the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (469 deg$^2$), and the Kilo Degree Survey (825 deg$^2$). We highlight some noteworthy objects in the sample, including potentially projected systems; clusters with strong lensing features; clusters with active central galaxies or star formation; and systems of multiple clusters that may be physically associated. The cluster catalog will be a useful resource for future cosmological analyses, and studying the evolution of the intracluster medium and galaxies in massive clusters over the past 10 Gyr., Comment: 35 pages, 27 figures, accepted for publication in ApJS; v1.0 catalogs will be available from LAMBDA https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/act/actpol_prod_table.cfm; v1.0 catalogs available from https://astro.ukzn.ac.za/~mjh/ACTDR5/v1.0/ until then
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

38. A statistical standard siren measurement of the Hubble constant from the LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave compact object merger GW190814 and Dark Energy Survey galaxies

Author: Palmese, A., deVicente, J., Pereira, M. E. S., Annis, J., Hartley, W., Herner, K., Soares-Santos, M., Crocce, M., Huterer, D., Hernandez, I. Magana, Davis, T. M., Garcia, A., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gschwend, J., Holz, D. E., Kessler, R., Lahav, O., Morgan, R., Nicolaou, C., Conselice, C., Foley, R. J., Gill, M. S. S., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Avila, S., Bechtol, K., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Chang, C., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Estrada, J., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., Fernandez, E., Finley, D. A., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kent, S., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Lin, H., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Paz-Chinchon, F., Plazas, A. A., Roodman, A., Sako, M., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, J. Allyn, Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Troxel, M. A., Tucker, D. L., Walker, A. R., Wester, W., Wilkinson, R. D., and Zuntz, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We present a measurement of the Hubble constant $H_0$ using the gravitational wave (GW) event GW190814, which resulted from the coalescence of a 23 $M_\odot$ black hole with a 2.6 $M_\odot$ compact object, as a standard siren. No compelling electromagnetic counterpart has been identified for this event, thus our analysis accounts for thousands of potential host galaxies within a statistical framework. The redshift information is obtained from the photometric redshift (photo-$z$) catalog from the Dark Energy Survey. The luminosity distance is provided by the LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave sky map. Since this GW event has the second-smallest localization volume after GW170817, GW190814 is likely to provide the best constraint on cosmology from a single standard siren without identifying an electromagnetic counterpart. Our analysis uses photo-$z$ probability distribution functions and corrects for photo-$z$ biases. We also reanalyze the binary-black hole GW170814 within this updated framework. We explore how our findings impact the $H_0$ constraints from GW170817, the only GW merger associated with a unique host galaxy. From a combination of GW190814, GW170814 and GW170817, our analysis yields $H_0 = 72.0^{+ 12}_{- 8.2 }~{\rm km~s^{-1}~Mpc^{-1}}$ (68\% Highest Density Interval, HDI) for a prior in $H_0$ uniform between $[20,140]~{\rm km~s^{-1}~Mpc^{-1}}$. The addition of GW190814 and GW170814 to GW170817 improves the 68\% HDI from GW170817 alone by $\sim 18\%$, showing how well-localized mergers without counterparts can provide a significant contribution to standard siren measurements, provided that a complete galaxy catalog is available at the location of the event., Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, replacement reflects published version
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

39. The impact of spectroscopic incompleteness in direct calibration of redshift distributions for weak lensing surveys

Author: Hartley, W. G., Chang, C., Samani, S., Rosell, A. Carnero, Davis, T. M., Hoyle, B., Gruen, D., Asorey, J., Gschwend, J., Lidman, C., Kuehn, K., King, A., Rau, M. M., Wechsler, R. H., DeRose, J., Hinton, S. R., Whiteway, L., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Bridle, S. L., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Cawthon, R., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kent, S., Krause, E., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Chinchon, F. Paz, Plazas, A. A., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Troxel, M. A., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Weller, J., and Wilkinson, R. D.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Obtaining accurate distributions of galaxy redshifts is a critical aspect of weak lensing cosmology experiments. One of the methods used to estimate and validate redshift distributions is apply weights to a spectroscopic sample so that their weighted photometry distribution matches the target sample. In this work we estimate the \textit{selection bias} in redshift that is introduced in this procedure. We do so by simulating the process of assembling a spectroscopic sample (including observer-assigned confidence flags) and highlight the impacts of spectroscopic target selection and redshift failures. We use the first year (Y1) weak lensing analysis in DES as an example data set but the implications generalise to all similar weak lensing surveys. We find that using colour cuts that are not available to the weak lensing galaxies can introduce biases of $\Delta~z\sim0.015$ in the weighted mean redshift of different redshift intervals. To assess the impact of incompleteness in spectroscopic samples, we select only objects with high observer-defined confidence flags and compare the weighted mean redshift with the true mean. We find that the mean redshift of the DES Y1 weak lensing sample is typically biased at the $\Delta~z=0.005-0.05$ level after the weighting is applied. The bias we uncover can have either sign, depending on the samples and redshift interval considered. For the highest redshift bin, the bias is larger than the uncertainties in the other DES Y1 redshift calibration methods, justifying the decision of not using this method for the redshift estimations. We discuss several methods to mitigate this bias., Comment: 20 pages, 12 figures. Our main result is shown in Fig. 6. MNRAS, Volume 496, Issue 4, pp.4769-4786. Catalogue data used in this publication can be found here: http://star.ucl.ac.uk/~whartley/simspec/
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

40. A NICER View of Spectral and Profile Evolution for Three X-ray Emitting Millisecond Pulsars

Author: Rowan, Dominick M., Ghazi, Zaynab, Lugo, Lauren, Spano, Elizabeth, Lommen, Andrea, Harding, Alice, Venter, Christo, Ludlam, Renee, Ray, Paul S., Kerr, Matthew, Arzoumanian, Zaven, Bogdanov, Slavko, Deneva, Julia, Guillot, Sebastien, Lewandowska, Natalia, Markwardt, Craig B., Ransom, Scott, Enoto, Teruaki, Wood, Kent S., and Gendreau, Keith
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We present two years of Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) X-ray observations of three energetic rotation-powered millisecond pulsars (MSPs): PSRs B1937+21, B1821-24, and J0218+4232. We fit Gaussians and Lorentzians to the pulse profiles for different energy sub-bands of the soft X-ray regime to measure the energy dependence of pulse separation and width. We find that the separation between pulse components of PSR J0218+4232 decreases with increasing energy at $\gt 3\sigma$ confidence. The 95% upper limit on pulse separation evolution for PSRs B1937+21 and B1821-24 is less than 2 milliperiods per keV. Our phase-resolved spectral results provide updated constraints on the non-thermal X-ray emission of these three pulsars. The photon indices of the modeled X-ray emission spectra for each pulse component of PSR B1937+21 are inconsistent with each other at the 90% confidence level, suggesting different emission origins for each pulse. We find that the PSR B1821-24 and PSR J0218+4232 emission spectra are invariant with phase at the 90% confidence level. We describe the implications of our profile and spectral results in the context of equatorial current sheet emission models for these three MSPs with non-thermal, magnetospheric X-ray emission., Comment: 16 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

41. Constraining the Neutron Star Mass-Radius Relation and Dense Matter Equation of State with NICER. I. The Millisecond Pulsar X-ray Data Set

Author: Bogdanov, Slavko, Guillot, Sebastien, Ray, Paul S., Wolff, Michael T., Chakrabarty, Deepto, Ho, Wynn C. G., Kerr, Matthew, Lamb, Frederick K., Lommen, Andrea, Ludlam, Renee M., Milburn, Reilly, Montano, Sergio, Miller, M. Coleman, Baubock, Michi, Ozel, Feryal, Psaltis, Dimitrios, Remillard, Ronald A., Riley, Thomas E., Steiner, James F., Strohmayer, Tod E., Watts, Anna L., Wood, Kent S., Zeldes, Jesse, Enoto, Teruaki, Okajima, Takashi, Kellogg, James W., Baker, Charles, Markwardt, Craig B., Arzoumanian, Zaven, and Gendreau, Keith C.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We present the set of deep Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) X-ray timing observations of the nearby rotation-powered millisecond pulsars PSRs J0437-4715, J0030+0451, J1231-1411, and J2124-3358, selected as targets for constraining the mass-radius relation of neutron stars and the dense matter equation of state via modeling of their pulsed thermal X-ray emission. We describe the instrument, observations, and data processing/reduction procedures, as well as the series of investigations conducted to ensure that the properties of the data sets are suitable for parameter estimation analyses to produce reliable constraints on the neutron star mass-radius relation and the dense matter equation of state. We find that the long-term timing and flux behavior and the Fourier-domain properties of the event data do not exhibit any anomalies that could adversely affect the intended measurements. From phase-selected spectroscopy, we find that emission from the individual pulse peaks is well described by a single-temperature hydrogen atmosphere spectrum, with the exception of PSR J0437-4715, for which multiple temperatures are required., Comment: 28 pages, 9 figures; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

42. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Catalog of >4000 Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Galaxy Clusters

Author: Hilton, M, Sifón, C, Naess, S, Madhavacheril, M, Oguri, M, Rozo, E, Rykoff, E, Abbott, TMC, Adhikari, S, Aguena, M, Aiola, S, Allam, S, Amodeo, S, Amon, A, Annis, J, Ansarinejad, B, Aros-Bunster, C, Austermann, JE, Avila, S, Bacon, D, Battaglia, N, Beall, JA, Becker, DT, Bernstein, GM, Bertin, E, Bhandarkar, T, Bhargava, S, Bond, JR, Brooks, D, Burke, DL, Calabrese, E, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Choi, SK, Choi, A, Conselice, C, da Costa, LN, Costanzi, M, Crichton, D, Crowley, KT, Dünner, R, Denison, EV, Devlin, MJ, Dicker, SR, Diehl, HT, Dietrich, JP, Doel, P, Duff, SM, Duivenvoorden, AJ, Dunkley, J, Everett, S, Ferraro, S, Ferrero, I, Ferté, A, Flaugher, B, Frieman, J, Gallardo, PA, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Giles, P, Golec, JE, Gralla, MB, Grandis, S, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Han, D, Hartley, WG, Hasselfield, M, Hill, JC, Hilton, GC, Hincks, AD, Hinton, SR, Ho, S-PP, Honscheid, K, Hoyle, B, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, KM, Hughes, JP, Jaelani, AT, Jain, B, James, DJ, Jeltema, T, Kent, S, Knowles, K, Koopman, BJ, Kuehn, K, Lahav, O, Lima, M, Lin, Y-T, Lokken, M, Loubser, SI, MacCrann, N, Maia, MAG, Marriage, TA, Martin, J, McMahon, J, and Melchior, P
Subjects: Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Galaxy clusters, Cosmology, Large-scale structure of the universe, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences
Abstract: We present a catalog of 4195 optically confirmed Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) selected galaxy clusters detected with signal-to-noise ratio >4 in 13,211 deg2 of sky surveyed by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). Cluster candidates were selected by applying a multifrequency matched filter to 98 and 150 GHz maps constructed from ACT observations obtained from 2008 to 2018 and confirmed using deep, wide-area optical surveys. The clusters span the redshift range 0.04 < z < 1.91 (median z = 0.52). The catalog contains 222 z > 1 clusters, and a total of 868 systems are new discoveries. Assuming an SZ signal versus mass-scaling relation calibrated from X-ray observations, the sample has a 90% completeness mass limit of M500c > 3.8 × 1014 Me, evaluated at z = 0.5, for clusters detected at signal-to-noise ratio >5 in maps filtered at an angular scale of 2 4. The survey has a large overlap with deep optical weak-lensing surveys that are being used to calibrate the SZ signal mass-scaling relation, such as the Dark Energy Survey (4566 deg2), the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (469 deg2), and the Kilo Degree Survey (825 deg2). We highlight some noteworthy objects in the sample, including potentially projected systems, clusters with strong lensing features, clusters with active central galaxies or star formation, and systems of multiple clusters that may be physically associated. The cluster catalog will be a useful resource for future cosmological analyses and studying the evolution of the intracluster medium and galaxies in massive clusters over the past 10 Gyr.
Published: 2021

43. Detection of cross-correlation between gravitational lensing and gamma rays

Author: Ammazzalorso, S., Gruen, D., Regis, M., Camera, S., Ando, S., Fornengo, N., Bechtol, K., Bridle, S. L., Choi, A., Eifler, T. F., Gatti, M., MacCrann, N., Omori, Y., Samuroff, S., Sheldon, E., Troxel, M. A., Zuntz, J., Kind, M. Carrasco, Annis, J., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Everett, S., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Goldstein, D. A., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Jarvis, M., Jeltema, T., Kent, S., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Li, T. S., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, C., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Vikram, V., and Zhang, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: In recent years, many gamma-ray sources have been identified, yet the unresolved component hosts valuable information on the faintest emission. In order to extract it, a cross-correlation with gravitational tracers of matter in the Universe has been shown to be a promising tool. We report here the first identification of a cross-correlation signal between gamma rays and the distribution of mass in the Universe probed by weak gravitational lensing. We use the Dark Energy Survey Y1 weak lensing catalogue and the Fermi Large Area Telescope 9-year gamma-ray data, obtaining a signal-to-noise ratio of 5.3. The signal is mostly localised at small angular scales and high gamma-ray energies, with a hint of correlation at extended separation. Blazar emission is likely the origin of the small-scale effect. We investigate implications of the large-scale component in terms of astrophysical sources and particle dark matter emission., Comment: 24 pages, 10 figures, v2: text re-arranged, typos corrected, slight improvement in the detection significance, matching version accepted for publication in PRL
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of obesity on patients undergoing lower extremity revascularization

Author: Abi-Jaoude, Joanne G., Naiem, Ahmed A., Edwards, Thomas, Lukaszewski, Marie-Amélie, Obrand, Daniel I., Steinmetz, Oren K., Bayne, Jason P., MacKenzie, Kent S., Gill, Heather L., and Girsowicz, Elie
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

45. Rediscovery of the Sixth Star Cluster in the Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy

Author: Wang, Mei-Yu, Koposov, Sergey, Drlica-Wagner, Alex, Pieres, Adriano, Li, Ting, de Boer, Thomas, Bechtol, Keith, Belokurov, Vasily, Pace, A. B., Abbott, T. M. C., Annis, J., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Estrada, J., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., James, D. J., Kent, S., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Plazas, A. A., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Schindler, R., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Smith, R. C., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Tucker, D. L., and Walker, A. R.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: Since first noticed by Shapley in 1939, a faint object coincident with the Fornax dwarf spheroidal has long been discussed as a possible sixth globular cluster system. However, debate has continued over whether this overdensity is a statistical artifact or a blended galaxy group. In this Letter we demonstrate, using deep DECam imaging data, that this object is well resolved into stars and is a bona fide star cluster. The stellar overdensity of this cluster is statistically significant at the level of ~ 6 - 6.7 sigma in several different photometric catalogs including Gaia. Therefore, it is highly unlikely to be caused by random fluctuation. We show that Fornax 6 is a star cluster with a peculiarly low surface brightness and irregular shape, which may indicate a strong tidal influence from its host galaxy. The Hess diagram of Fornax 6 is largely consistent with that of Fornax field stars, but it appears to be slightly bluer. However, it is still likely more metal-rich than most of the globular clusters in the system. Faint clusters like Fornax 6 that orbit and potentially get disrupted in the centers of dwarf galaxies can prove crucial for constraining the dark matter distribution in Milky Way satellites., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, submitted to ApJL
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

46. A Search for Optical Emission from Binary-Black-Hole Merger GW170814 with the Dark Energy Camera

Author: Doctor, Z., Kessler, R., Herner, K., Palmese, A., Soares-Santos, M., Annis, J., Brout, D., Holz, D. E., Sako, M., Rest, A., Cowperthwaite, P., Berger, E., Foley, R. J., Conselice, C. J., Gill, M. S. S., Allam, S., Balbinot, E., Butler, R. E., Chen, H. -Y., Chornock, R., Cook, E., Diehl, H. T., Farr, B., Fong, W., Frieman, J., Fryer, C., García-Bellido, J., Margutti, R., Marshall, J. L., Matheson, T., Metzger, B. D., Nicholl, M., Paz-Chinchón, F., Salim, S., Sauseda, M., Secco, L. F., Smith, N., Smith, R. C., Vivas, A. K., Tucker, D. L., Abbott, T. M. C., Avila, S., Bechtol, K., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Doel, P., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Goldstein, D. A., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Kent, S., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Menanteau, F., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Neilsen, E., Nord, B., Ogando, R. L. C., Plazas, A. A., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schindler, R., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Walker, A. R., and Wester, W.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Binary black hole (BBH) mergers found by the LIGO and Virgo detectors are of immense scientific interest to the astrophysics community, but are considered unlikely to be sources of electromagnetic emission. To test whether they have rapidly fading optical counterparts, we used the Dark Energy Camera to perform an $i$-band search for the BBH merger GW170814, the first gravitational wave detected by three interferometers. The 87-deg$^2$ localization region (at 90\% confidence) centered in the Dark Energy Survey (DES) footprint enabled us to image 86\% of the probable sky area to a depth of $i\sim 23$ mag and provide the most comprehensive dataset to search for EM emission from BBH mergers. To identify candidates, we perform difference imaging with our search images and with templates from pre-existing DES images. The analysis strategy and selection requirements were designed to remove supernovae and to identify transients that decline in the first two epochs. We find two candidates, each of which is spatially coincident with a star or a high-redshift galaxy in the DES catalogs, and they are thus unlikely to be associated with GW170814. Our search finds no candidates associated with GW170814, disfavoring rapidly declining optical emission from BBH mergers brighter than $i\sim 23$ mag ($L_{\rm optical} \sim 5\times10^{41}$ erg/s) 1-2 days after coalescence. In terms of GW sky map coverage, this is the most complete search for optical counterparts to BBH mergers to date, Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

47. Artificial diet development for entomophagous arthropods

Author: Morales-Ramos, Juan A., primary, Rojas, M. Guadalupe, additional, Coudron, Thomas A., additional, Huynh, Man P., additional, Zou, Deyu, additional, and Shelby, Kent S., additional
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

48. List of contributors

Author: Arredondo-Bernal, Hugo, primary, Artz, Derek R., additional, Behle, Robert, additional, Biasato, Ilaria, additional, Birthisel, Tim, additional, Bolckmans, Karel, additional, Butt, Kevin R., additional, Chan, Leslie, additional, Ciomperlik, Matthew A., additional, Couch, Terry L., additional, Coudron, Thomas A., additional, De Clerck-Floate, Rosemarie, additional, De Clercq, Patrick, additional, de Malmanche, Henry, additional, Dindo, Maria Luisa, additional, Duarte, Marcus V.A., additional, Enes, Paula, additional, Finke, Mark D., additional, Freel, Tarra A., additional, Gai, Francesco, additional, García-Cancino, M.D., additional, Gasco, Laura, additional, Geden, Chris, additional, Goolsby, John A., additional, Gould, Juli R., additional, Grenier, Simon, additional, Grzywacz, David, additional, Hagadorn, Mallory A., additional, Han, Richou, additional, Hill, Martin P., additional, Hoelmer, Kim A., additional, Huynh, Man P., additional, Jackson, Trevor A., additional, Jaronski, Stefan T., additional, Jurat-Fuentes, Juan Luis, additional, Koutsos, Elizabeth A., additional, Leite, Luis Garrigós, additional, Leppla, Norman C., additional, Lindsay, Thuy-Tien T., additional, Livingston, Kimberly A., additional, Lowe, Christopher N., additional, Luke, Belinda, additional, Malfi, Rosemary, additional, Moore, David, additional, Moore, Sean, additional, Morales-Ramos, Juan A., additional, Moran, Patrick J., additional, Oonincx, Dennis, additional, Patterson, Paul H., additional, Paynter, Quentin, additional, Pekas, Apostolos, additional, Peterson, Stephen S., additional, Popham, Holly, additional, Rabindra, R.J., additional, Raghu, S., additional, Reid, Steven, additional, Riddick, Eric W., additional, Rodríguez-Vélez, B., additional, Rojas, M. Guadalupe, additional, Rowe, Genevieve, additional, Shapiro-Ilan, David I., additional, Shelby, Kent S., additional, Sherman, Rhonda L., additional, Simmons, Gregory S., additional, Strange, James P., additional, Subramanian, Sevgan, additional, van Oers, Monique M., additional, Vangansbeke, Dominiek, additional, Wäckers, Felix, additional, Williams, Neal M., additional, and Zou, Deyu, additional
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

49. Intraoperative Electromyography

Author: Rice, Kent S., primary and Skinner, Stanley A., additional
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

50. Association between obesity and outcomes following endovascular aneurysm repair

Author: Naiem, Ahmed A., Habib, Mohammed, Doonan, Robert-James, Obrand, Daniel I., MacKenzie, Kent S., Steinmetz, Oren K., Bayne, Jason P., Girsowicz, Elie, and Gill, Heather L.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Category

Publication Type

Journal

Region

Database

Publisher

5,159 results on '"Kent, S."'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources