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Building Integrated Management System – BIMS the Developed research and Aplication of „BIS Machine“ Method

Digital cultural heritage objects, like those created on the basis of the archaeological and GIS data, should be actively preserved in the long-term. Visualisations created using that data represent valuable resources for present and future users and researchers. Long-term digital preservation in the environment of constant technological change is a challenging task. The author offers insight into the problem, analyses five applications and services that could help achieve that task and suggests the proper procedures.

Kada je Republika Hrvatska (RH), temeljem zakona, postala vlasnikom poljoprivrednog zemljišta koje se do tada nalazilo u društvenom vlasništvu, 24. srpnja 1991.g. stupanjem na snagu starog Zakona o poljoprivrednom zemljištu, stekla je vlasništvo i nad poljoprivrednim zemljištem velikih društvenih poljoprivrednih poduzeća koja su zemljišta stjecala arondacijama, kupovinama, zamjenama, ustupanjima za zemljoradničke mirovine i sl. Te transakcije stjecanja tada su se djelomično provodile kroz Katastar zemljišta i Zemljišnu knjigu. Stanje koje imamo sada, 19 godina poslije, na području Brodsko-posavske županije još uvijek traži puno uloženog truda u pogledu njegovog sređivanja. Gledano unatrag, postupak evidentiranja možemo podijeliti u dvije faze. Prva faza je početak evidentiranja poljoprivrednog zemljišta u vlasništvu RH i započinje 1996.g. kada je tadašnji Ured za katastarsko-geodetske poslove Slavonski Brod bio pod županijskom upravom, vršio izmjere državnog poljoprivrednog zemljišta, izrađivao geodetske elaborate i provodio ih kroz katastarski operat. Za provedbu tih elaborata kroz zemljišnu knjigu nismo imali potrebnu podršku Općinskih sudova, Općinskog državnog odvjetništva niti Jedinica lokalne samouprave na čijem području se vršila izmjera. Druga faza započinje 2000.g., spajanjem Državne geodetske uprave (DGU) i Katastra, kada počinje sustavno evidentiranje tog zemljišta tj. kada je DGU razradila model sređivanja nesređenog, poljoprivrednog zemljišta u vlasništvu RH. Ovaj rad prikazuje problematiku usklađivanja stvarnog stanja i katastarskog operata sa stanjem u zemljišnoj knjizi, problematiku provedbe elaborata 14 godina nakon provođenja izmjere poljoprivrednog zemljišta, te ukazuje na veliku potrebu suradnje javnih i državnih tijela jer je to jedini put za stvaranje evidencije koja prikazuje potpuno stvarno stanje nekretnine mjerodavno za pravni promet.

Early nautical charts used to be made on parchment by hand. They were dilapidated and sensitive to moisture, requiring long- lasting individual work. Until the advent of first printing techniques, handmade charts were designed for and available to a small number of users. A significant breakthrough occurred in the 15th century and in the early 16th century, with the development of wood engraving, copper-plate engraving and copper-plate etching techniques. Small print runs of charts were printed, being coloured by hand in cartographic workshops. Development of printing techniques determined the development of cartographic reproduction and chart printing. With the possibility of rapid reproduction, charts became the products intended for a wider circle of users. In the 20th century, after the invention of offset printing, traditional (conventional) method of chart production was developed. Using new technologies in the production reproduction originals, determined by computer-aided cartography, modern (digital) method was developed by the end of the 20th century. Today’s offset printing with its technical- technological possibilities is major printing procedure in the cartographic reproduction. New technologies of digital printing (plotter printout) have given rise to the latest turning point, Print On Demand (POD). Throughout the history, graphic technology increasingly supported the production of nautical charts and publications, primarily contributing to accuracy of reproduction, higher quality of printing inks and printing surfaces, and shorter time needed for realisation, providing therefore a reliable support for maritime cartography, and for maritime activity in general in terms of navigational safety.

Environmental protection, the preservation of biological and landscape diversity, and rational usage of natural resources and energy in the most convenient way are the basic conditions of healthy life and the fundament of a sustainable development of every country. The nature and natural values are of great interest for the Republic of Croatia, and they are particularly protected, which is also legally regulated. There are altogether 11 nature parks in the Republic of Croatia: Biokovo, Kopački rit, Lonjsko polje, Medvednica, Papuk, Telašćica, Velebit, Vranko Lake and Učka. The paper presents the particularities and geographic position of all Croatian nature parks.

The author firstly discus what kind of digital objects are becoming recognized as digital heritage. He explains the advantages of 3D digitization over the 2D digitization of 3D objects and argues that there is a growing trend in the creation of such digital objects. Than, the author tries to foresee and explain the problems and risks associated with the long-term preservation of digital heritage which are specific for the digital domain. He categorizes them into ten different subcategories, each one having an important impact on the preservation activities. After that analysis, the author addresses indicated problems and tries to give an advice for each of them. Finally, the author concludes that the long-term preservation of digital heritage is a complex but surmountable problem if approached correctly and in time.

Croatia, although a small country, is rich with many relief particularities and natural scenery. It has got 8 national parks: Brijuni, Kornati, Krka, Mljet, Paklenica, Plitvice Lakes, Risnjak and Northern Velebit. All national parks are located in Karst area covering 52% of the territory of the Republic of Croatia. On an interactive map in the paper there are all particularities of national parks presented. Their importance in the preservation of original natural values and environmental protection are pointed out, as well as their significant economic influence as attractive tourist destinations.

Traffic connecting Central Europe with the Mediterranean as its natural way out on the warm sea, and further in the overseas territories, has long been considered as one of the priorities of this European space. In this sense, in the near past great efforts have been made in order to develop a transportation system that would enable the realization of such a project. First, roads were built, then railways and, later, air traffic. In the last twenty years, the project included the construction of Corridor Vc, which covers all aspects of traffic on the specified route. The plan is to build a route from Budapest to Croatia Adriatic Port of Ploce, and in Budapest, as its starting point, to continue to other corridors to the north, the Baltic, and to the northeast, the Russia. When speaking about the Corridor, always the road routes, and in some sense, the rail routes dominate. The question is how interesting other traffic routes, especially river routes are. As this question is still insufficiently elaborated, it will be the object of analysis in this work. The authors will try to determine how much river traffic route of Danube Pool can be integrated into the traffic system of Corridor Vc, and what would be its function in traffic connecting the above mentioned areas and the Mediterranean.

The establishment of the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) in the Republic of Croatia is conditioned by a number of factors. For the successful establishment and implementation of the NSDI, it is necessary to harmonize these factors, the degree of development of the national spatial databases and institutions, traditions, economic and legislative framework, human resources, EU accession and acceptance of EU laws, global influences, IT development, etc., as well as to build mechanisms that will enable a balanced development and implementation of the NSDI to the benefit of all its subjects and users. A unique situation, in which modern national data sets and NSDI are being built in parallel, represents a special challenge but also a great opportunity. Therefore, pursuing its tradition, the Republic of Croatia has legally defined the NSDI and the manner of its development by passing the Law on State Survey and Real Property Cadastre. Through the subsequent establishment of the NSDI Council and other bodies, an operational framework for the realization of this task has been created. Based on the analysis of the past activities linked to the establishment, degree of development of the implementation tools (Geoportal, CROPOS, JIS) and the present environment of the NSDI, an overview of the current situation has been provided as well as steps that will follow in the near future. Thereby, special emphasis was put on providing information and training for the NSDI subjects and users. Namely, the training and information on the NSDI will be of key importance in the initial stage for the acceptance and implementation of the entire NSDI concept in the broadest sense and shall, as such, significantly impact the speed of implementation and the effects this implementation will entail.

Sustainable development is an acquisition from the beginning of 21 century. It is a result of the experience gathered in the past, when it was noticed that the approach to the development that the then economic praxis had, could not be continued without long-lasting consequences to the whole Earth system. In that sense, there were some serious social, political and economic activities dealing with the promotion of the sustainable development model that was supposed to ensure further economic development on one hand, and protection of the environment, on the other hand. Concerning that matter, it was concluded that the idea of the sustainable development could be realized in the best possible way on the regional and local level. In this work, the subject of analysis is this thesis and its justifiability. The analysis, presented in this work, should give answers dealing with the sustainable development as the part of the regional development policy and dealing with the problems that its creators and those, that implement it, are faced with.

Assessing the health status of urban trees is one of the most important elements for their proper management. Remote sensing and the color infrared (CIR) aerial photograph interpretation in particular are broadly used assessment methods. Research aimed at monitoring the health status of trees, establishing and analyzing a database and integrating all the data into a geographical information system (GIS) was conducted in a common horse chestnut avenue in Medvešćak Street. The first data to provide an insight into the condition of the horse chestnut alley in the study area were those obtained with photointerpretation of CIR aerial photographs from 1982 and 1991. Field data of the defoliation status in 2003 and 2005, where abiotic and biotic factors were also recorded, provided an additional insight. A digital ortophoto (DOP) was used as a basis for the establishment of a tree cadaster. All the monitored trees were identified and mapped in the ortophotograph. The x and y coordinates were attributed to each tree and a tree cadaster was established. A database was generated for each tree in the GIS model. The data on the avenue trees were entered in the database (total height, height to the first branch, changes in leaf colour, defoliation, dry shoots and branches, etc.). The trees in the ortophoto were mapped and analyzed to provide the following layers: 1) Spatial tree distribution according to the damage degree on DOP, 2) Spatial tree distribution according to stem damage: - Mechanical damage without rot, - Mechanical damage with visible rot. 3) Spatial distribution of mechanically damaged and rotting trees All the data obtained within GIS were geocoded and stored as individual layers, which makes it possible to tailor the data to specific needs. The database is available to other users and allows for the possibility of changing the existing data or introducing new data.

It is assumed that the ship reporting systems increase the level of safety. The paper proposes to connect a custom system for automatic recognition (Automatic Identification System - AIS) and the Internet. It also proposes changes to the AIS system mentioned applications.

The Republic of Croatia belongs to the circle of transitional countries that has undertaken major efforts at the build-out of the information system. The development of telecommunications has been given a great importance because they represent one of the essential basis for the economical development and the general development of the Croatian society all together. In the last few years there was monopoly in the Croatian market of telecommunications. However, the competition to T-Mobile has been introduced and due to this fact the quality of telecommunication services has been increased, the prices have been lowered and at the same time the fiscal revenue to the state bugdet has been growing because the number of users has been significantly bigger, especially in teh area of the mobile telecommunications and Internet services.

In this paper the authors analyzes the possibilities and needs of the development of a logistic traffic model in the Republic of Croatia in respect to the requirements of the country s surroundings, and especially in the view of the requirements placed before Croatia as conditions for its admission to the European Union. The analysis of the said issue is intended as a contribution to the establishing of existing and required conditions and essential changes and adaptations of the logistic infrastructure for the formation of logistic traffic model in the Republic of Croatia and for their integration into international – especially European logistic traffic systems.

Split tide gauge is located in the town’ s port, on a small peer near Harbour-Master’ s building. The tide gauge benchmark PN-165 (TGBM) was installed on the Master’ s building, which had been erected on the bedrock near a city center. There is an auxiliary benchmark (R-1) on the tide gauge edifice. Historical precise levelling that took place during last 50 years did not show any significant changes in height between Harbour-Master’ s TGBM and tide-gauge auxiliary benchmark. The benchmark established on the concrete roof of the tide gauge during CROREF96-CRODYN96 GPS campaign was used to determine the height of Antenna Reference Point (ARP) above the national datum. An optimal choice for Split CGPS station was Ashtech Micro-Z CGRS receiver with Dorne-Margolin antenna. The station is powered by external power supply and equipped with GSM modem for communication with the instrument and downloading the data. CGPS station was installed on 4 May 2004 and daily files (station name SPLT) are available starting from 5 May 2004. RINEX files obtained from the instruments are compressed using Hatanaka compression software, version 2.4 and uploaded to the ESEAS-RI Data Server (European Sea Level Service). Preliminary analysis of the data showed that the observing site was well selected, and that the measurements will enable long-term analysis of the vertical land movements in this region. The problems which were encountered during different stages CGPS collocation are also going to be stressed and presented.

French hydrograph Charles François Beautemps-Beaupré performed a hydrographic survey of the major part of the eastern Adriatic, conducting two campaigns: in 1806 and in 1808 – 1809. It was the first scientific hydrographic research of the Adriatic, which has had a crucial impact to the development of Adriatic hydrography and marine cartography during the next two centuries.

Due to the very large number of local units in the Republic of Croatia, the system of collecting income is mainly insufficient for quality and functional financing of public needs on the local and regional levels. It is therefore necessary to continue the search for new models of regulating financial relations between the state and local units. The executed decentralization of the financing of local and regional self-government is not sufficient. Because of the new work and activities that have fallen into the jurisdiction of counties (as regulated by Amendments to the Act from 2005), it is necessary to increase the state’ s allocation of funds from common taxes for the units of the local and regional self-government, to increase the autonomy of the local and regional units in the introduction of their own incomes, especially taxes, to take care about the implementation of functional decentralization, and to stimulate local and regional governments in the realization of a larger non-fiscal income of their own. It is a fact that some countries in the European Union have begun with the reorganization and reduction of their local self-government precisely because of too high financial payments for the needs of the local self-government. However, so long as the Republic of Croatia retains the existing organization of local governments, it should also provide for its financing. The local or regional self-government units’ own sources of income should be their principal sources of financing.

Navigation in closer or greater port areas, in terms of safety, is the most delicate part of maritime navigation, no matter whether it is a question of approaching and berthing manoeuvres or departure and leaving manoeuvres. Availability of harbour and berthing charts providing appropriate coverage and a clear display of the content elements, with all necessary information and high-quality data, is a very important factor for safe navigation in the port area. To ensure ship’ s hydrographic-and-navigational safety in the area of national jurisdiction at sea, including port areas is one of the most important tasks of national hydrographic offices. The Hydrographic Institute of the Republic of Croatia carries out that task by publishing and keeping up to date navigational charts and nautical publications. As harbour and berthing charts are cartographic representations of the port area on a large scale, their production, particularly preparatory procedures which define the concept and production programme, are a challenge for producers as well as for the Hydrographic Institute at large. Providing an example of the harbour chart of the port of Split, this paper defines hydrographic, navigational and general conditions to be analysed for studying the concept and programme for achieving high-quality harbour and berthing charts for any port.

In May 1929 tide-gauge station in Split was founded by the Hydrographic Office of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and operated continuously up to beginning of the Second World War in 1941. During the war the collected data were lost, but the mean values calculated for the period 1930-1938 were rescued. The Split-harbour tide-gauge was renewed in 1946 with installed portable gauge A.Ott-X. However, continuous time series of measurement commenced in 1956 when analog gauge A.Ott-Kempten with 1:5 ratio was fitted in the small house in front of the harbour office. In 2002 tide gauge was appended to European Sea Level Service (ESEAS-RI) and equipped with Thalimedes A/D converter during 2003, in order to enable a near-real time data transfer at web page of the Hydrographic Institute of the Republic of Croatia (www.hhi.hr). In May 2004 the tide gauge was collocated with CGPS (Continuous Global Positioning System) and appended to European Vertical Reference System (EVRS). In this paper we emphasize importance of continuous operation of the Split-harbour tide gauge. It is significant for international data exchange, for the safety of navigation in the Split harbour and for hydrographic and geodetic surveys in the wider Split islands archipelago. Furthermore, the extreme sea levels measured at the tide gauge are beneficial for the coastal work in the whole region.

"Žumberak-Samoborsko gorje" was proclaimed park of nature in 1999. It is the second park of nature in Croatia, considering its surface area. Researches conducted on the area of the Park so far are partial and uneven and therefore this paper tries to systematize and unify all previous researches, primarily the ones that relate to geologic basis and soil, into topic-related GIS layers. All maps, which later served as the basis for creation of individual topic-related layers and their integration for the purpose of further analysis, are at first transferred from analogue into digital form using R2V program package. Since particular maps were of poor graphical quality, we utilized manual vectoring and exported the vectorized data from R2V into program package ArcView 3.1. for further processing. Numerous efficient topic-related layers (geological-stratigraphic map, geological-tectonic map, engineering-geological map, pedological map) were used to create the GIS model of the nature park "Žumberak-Samoborsko gorje". Geological-pedological-phytocenological analysis was conducted for the two management units on the area of the Park. Problems emerging during the work proved to be manifold. There is primarily the insufficient number of adequate, enough dense and properly balanced input data. As early as upon the first connecting of parent rocks with soil character, alongside with relatively good correlation, an issue occurred to decide on any kind of relation on many spots. Similar problem occurs upon connection of mineral-petrographic compounds, dominant soil type and phytocenosis. Such critical spots are located by overlapping of these three layers and they need a field check-up. By the analysis of obtained topic-related layers and belonging data within the established GIS model, we tried to explain the issues of getting high-quality GIS layers from relatively heterogeneous data base, since for creating particular topic-related layers we used maps of various scale, cartographic projections, and large time intervals among collecting data on the field, creating and printing maps. GIS technology enabled us to connect many various layers (maps), with all the points geopositioned and available to users of various professions, and opened by time sections and constant updating of the base, parallel to new researches.

The main goal of this paper was to create a digital ortophoto (DOF) using aerial photographs obtained in cyclical aerial survey in the Republic of Croatia and digital elevation model (DEM). DOF will be the base of establishing the geographical information system (GIS-a) of the island Ugljan. Various land categories are interpreted and delineated on DOF according to utilization (land use). Five various land categories, (strata) are drawn in the map: alpine pine, maquis, garigue, agricultural area (orchards, olive-groves, vineyards, gardens), housing projects (houses, traffic infrastructure..) and, based on their calculated surfaces, optimal intensity of the sample needed when inventorying the forest area of the island Ugljan was determined. For that purpose, a multiphase sample was used, because using it we can calculate the data from the same point (surface), but in various phases of completing the scheduled tasks (field survey) and compare the obtained results (field survey- aerial photo appraisal). On the ortophoto, a system sample of the shape of the net of squares with an interval of 100*100 meters was established. Each knot of the net has its number chosen by the random numbers method for field survey. For each surface, DOF coordinates are taken, input into a GPS (Global Positioning System) device and located on the field. Structural elements of vegetation (breast diameter, height of tree and width of tree crown...) are measured on the surfaces and based on them, statistic processing was conducted. Research results showed that we can obtain considerable savings using GIS and methods of remote sensing during device inventory process, especially on inaccessible forest area (maquis).

The goal of this paper was to create DEM (Digital Elevation Model) and establish GIS model on the territory of the forest “ Mačkovac” for the purpose of forest planning. We tried to collect as much available information from various sources for the area of research as we could and put them together in one data base. Such base will enable us to systematically collect data that would supplement one another and for a certain period of time enable us to make an insight into the time sequence of information on the development of particular forest. The base of collected data was Croatian Basic Map (CBM) at 1:5000 scale, cyclical aerial photographs of the Republic of Croatia (1:20000) and management bases for the researched area. Based on those data a GIS model of the forest &laquo ; ; Mačkovac&raquo ; ; was created. By the further processing a 3D (TIN-Triangulated Irregular Network) model of the terrain was created, in which all the other elements relating to obtaining even more realistic overview of this area were input. GRID model of the terrain was created from TIN, followed by the: calculation of the slope of the terrain, calculation of the exposition in degrees from 0 to 360o, showing the insolation of the terrain, which is especially important for environmental research (for calculating the insolation of tree crown and duration of insolation in particular seasons). Contours of terrains for both models are also drawn. The final result of the established GIS model was a number of obtained thematic layers (forest-management map ; map of tree age classes ; map of structural classification ; map of silvicultural forms, map of timber cutting plan etc.) and 3D demonstrations (3D demonstrations of elevation ; demonstration of the slope of the terrain ; demonstration of expositions ; demonstration of insolation etc.) needed in forestry. Utilizing such data models assures data flexibility and the possibility to supplement them by new information connected to everyday work of cultivating, planning, exploiting forests and making plans in forestry.

The author starts from the assumption that Croatia will access the European Union. Following assumption, he analyzes the possible scenarios of Croatian strategy based on the achievements the country’ s monetary policy, on the degree of acceptance of the convergence criteria and on exceptionally rich and miscellaneous Croatian monetary heritage. The author also emphasizes inaugurates solutions which are most effective for Croatia, winning recognition for the Croatian contribution to this global process.

In the '90, in the last century, after the formal "destruction" of the project dealing with the development of the communist society, the process of transformation of social, political and economic system started in almost all countries included in this milieu. In order to accept the democratic principles in the social-political life and marketing principles in the economic sphere, the countries in transition opened themselves to one new process, the process of globalisation. Because of that fact, they were under strong influence (both positive and negative) of this process. On one hand, they had, at least at the very beginning, great problems. On the other hand, the above mentioned process opened to them the development prospects of complete social and economic system of their own. The best evidence of that is the entry of a certain number of Baltic and central European countries in the European Union. In that way, they became the integrated part of one wider social community with the characteristics of the global society. Speaking of long-term consequences, they were able to assure their development prospects, since they became available under most favourable conditions – open market, approach to new technologies and new knowledge and to other possibilities that could be given by this association. All other countries in transition have in their development strategy this way of developing their social and economic systems. The entry in the European associations has, in that sense, the dominant place.

Basic idea of tjis paper was to show forests role in preservation and protection of biodiversity through general benefit forest functions (GBF) using geographic information system (GIS). Management unit (MU) Kutina - lowland forests was used as a subject of research concerning its partial placement within borders of Nature park Lonjsko polje, and a vicinity of potential origins of pollutants - "Petrokemija" Kutina factory, and phosphogypsum pisposal site.As a base for making this paper, we used digitized topographic map 1:100, 000 from which we used data about settlements waterstreams, while data about areas under vegetation was obtained by digital interpretation of satellite imagery. Obtained attribute tables containing vectorised data were conected to data of forest management of MU Kutina-lowland forests.To this data was conected data of general benefit forest functions too. Loading the table with these data back to ArcWiew resulted by getting a map of management unit with possibility of presentation values of GBF per category as well as reading values per departments.data about type of forest aasociations and distribution were taken from GIS database made for Nature park Lonjsko polje, and added as a single layer.That gave us a map of forest associations of management unit. Analysis of plant species within associations, and comparison with IUCN Red list of endangered plant species, Red book of endangered plant species of Croatia and The list of protected plant species according to Law on environmental protection (NN, No.82/94), resulted with data about endangered plant species within associations.Joining mentioned data to attribute tables gave us a map of management unit with habitats of endagered species.Final results of the paper is a series of maps, that clearly present current state of, not only GBF, but all elements of management unit. These maps could be used in veryday work as well as in planning of future work and prediction of potential hazards.

Postupak kojim se štetni sastojak može ukloniti iz otpadne vode zavisi od niza parametara. Neke od metoda su skupe, neke zahtijevaju veću pažnju pri održavanju, neke su osjetljivije na promjene režima rada, ali sve one moraju biti pristupačne javnosti. Tehnologija aktivnog mulja je klasična, ali raznim prilagodbama ona gotovo uvijek može zadovoljiti potrebe pročišćavanja otpadnih voda. Svaka otpadna voda ima svoje karakteristike te joj se s odgovarajućom pažnjom mora pristupiti: od analize do testiranja u svrhu odabira postupka pročišćavanja. Suprotno, poremećaji koji nastaju u ekološkim sustavima zbog ispuštanja nepročišćenih otpadnih voda, ili lošeg rada uređaja prekasno se uočavaju, a posljedice su nemjerljive. Zbog toga se javila potreba za osnivanjem malih fleksibilnih tvrtki koje će sagledavati problem u cijelosti i predlagati odgovarajuće rješenje. Jedna od takvih je i tvrtka u osnivanju: LATOV - Laboratorij za Analizu i Testiranje Otpadnih Voda. LATOV je zamišljen kao laboratorij koji će davati podatke i prijedloge rješenja obrade otpadnih voda grupiranih u tri velike skupine: kućanstva, industrija i farme. U neposrednoj suradnji s projektantima sudjelovat će i u izvedbi i puštanju u rad završenog uređaja. S vremenom LATOV će prerasti u veliku organizaciju koja će biti sposobna davati gotova rješenja uređaja za obradu otpadnih voda svih vrsta na način "ključ u ruke".

This article describes process of digitalization (with detail retrospection on technical characteristic of scanner KartoScan FB and capabilities of software for vectorization TopoCap) of existing analog Croatian Base Map (HOK), including solution for their archiving and distribution to cusomers, both in raster and vector format. Presented methodology is developed by State Geodetic Administration (SGA), as a part of Croatian – Norwegian geoinformation project, that has for a goal further improvement of capabilities for creating cadastral and topographic data bases.

This paper aims to describe the current status of the international pilot project “ North Adriatic Virtual Regional Electronic Nautical Chart” . The project deals with standardization the in production and distribution of ENCs covering the area of the North Adriatic Sea. Participants in this project are Italy, Slovenia and Croatia, and the C-Map as a software and hardware manufacturer for ENC production and browsing.

The paper deals with the construction of GIS model of the park in Ban Šokčević Square in Vinkovci. The model was based on a geodetic plan and on the elaborate by V. Čerimović: City Park Vinkovci-spatial -conservation planning and reconstruction project from 1987. Heights and breast diameters of each tree were measured on the terrain.All tree species in the park were identified. Every tree and park element in the field was photographed and the photographs were stored in the GIS database. The plan from the elaborate was scanned and geocoded so that different thematic layers could overlap. Based on the gathered information, a GIS model of the park was made that allows for vast possibilities in area management. The constructed GIS model provides a large number of different and accurate information, such as the precise size of grass areas, paths, etc. The information may be used for planning future activities and for park planning and maintenance.

The proper planning and management of the city trees, in parks, tree rows and alleys should be based on the good and updated information about every tree. The most convenient way for the gathering information about spatial distribution and conditions of trees in urban areas are photointerpretation of color infrared (CIR) aerial photographs. They are also commonly used for monitoring urban trees and astablishing their cadastre. The aim of this research was to establish the tree cadastre for the part of the Zagreb center. For that purpose the orthophoto, prepared from the black and white aerial photographs was used, as well as color infrared aerial photographs.The information about species, trees condition and their position were checked by field investigation. The data were than incorporated in established GIS of trees as a base for tree cadastre.

U fundamentalnom znanstvenom istraživanju &laquo ; ; ; ; ; Strategija razvoja Vukovarsko-srijemske županije &raquo ; ; ; ; ; susrećem se s 2000 godina starim problemom traženja optimalne veze Sjever – Jug Staroga svijeta. Radi se o pitanju koje je samo na izgled primarno zemljopisno, a multifacetno je i stoljećima neriješeno budući da je kretanje u središnjim dijelovima Staroga svijeta na samom Sjeveru ograničeno ledenim morima i oceanima, a Kontinentom blokirano sve do Gibraltara, koji je za ondašnju znanost bio kraj Svijeta (Herkulovi stupovi). Znalo se i u povijesti nije bilo sakriveno da optimalni pravac upravo od tog &laquo ; ; ; ; ; kraja svijeta&raquo ; ; ; ; ; vodi Sredozemljem i Jadranskim morem do luke i bazena Rijeka, a onda Hrvatskim pravcem preko Hrvatskog praga i Save do Hrvatskog Podunavlja s Vukovarom (imenovanim u hrvatskoj znanosti Hrvatskim Suezom), kao ključnom točkom. Na tom pravcu sudarali su se različiti interesi najvećih svjetskih sila s konačnim dokazom intenziteta sukobljenosti, zbog kojih je Vukovar bio polupan u posljednjem Domovinskom ratu i to u nazočnosti njihovih visokih predstavnika. Očekivali su da tako razbijeni Vukovar ne će moći odigrati svoju prirodnu povijesnu ulogu spajanja luke Rijeke peko kanala Dunav – Vukovar – Sava s uzdizanjem Dunava u Podunavlju prema Sjeveru te pružanjem optimalne veze i za države sa svoje lijeve i desne obale. Ovim je auktorica došla do izvornog povijesnog otkrića o Vukovaru kao središtu svijeta s kojim se i preko kojega račvaju i prolaze glavni svjetski putovi u smjerovima Istok – Zapad i Sjever – Jug i to geostrateški i geopolitički bez konkurencije.

Project of organizing Official Topographic and Cartographic Information System of the Republic of Croatia (STOKIS) has started in year 1992. STOKIS data base is made of topographic and cartographic data base. Project Croatian Topographic Information System (CROTIS) has been created for the purpose of making and organizing topographic data base inside of STOKIS. STOKIS cartographic data base should be created according to project Cartographic Data Model Production. The result of the STOKIS project will be not only a digital data, but also analog cartographic products, among the others topographic maps of different scale. While the STOKIS data base is not finalized it has been decided that the topographic maps will be produced in the same time with the process of work on STOKIS. Different types of private companies are in charge of producing topographic maps as well as working on topographic data base. One of them is Geodetic Bureau d d. Split.

Info točna poduzetničke mreže pretpostavlja povezanost i transparentnost poduzetničkih aktivnosti putem poduzetničkih centara. Poduzetnički centri se osnivaju u gradovima i općinama za potrebe poduzetnika vezano za otvaranje poduzetničkih zona i inkubatora. Zaposleni u poduzetničkom centru pomoću informacijske infrastrukture prema potrebi povezuju poduzetnike radi lakšeg zajedničkog djelovanja – organiziranja sajmova, istupanju na tržištu, davanja raznim marketiških usluga, a posebno u stvaranju zajedničkog proizvoda i njegovog plasmana. Pomoću info-točke moguće je lakše i kvalitetnije povezivanje poduzetnika ne samo na domaćem tržištu, nego i s poduzetnicima iz daljeg okruženja. Na primjeru Osječko-baranjske i Vukovarsko-srijemske županije osnova se mreža poduzetničkih centara. U mrežu su uključeni centri gradova i pojedinih jedinica područne i lokalne samouprave. Pretpostavka je da se poduzetnička mreža širi u okviru županija prema potrebi i interesima poduzetnika. Poduzetnička mreža funkcionira tako što svaki centar za poduzetništvo radi samostalno s poduzetnicima sa područja jedinice lokalne samouprave. Istovremeno svi centri će biti povezani u poduzetničku mrežu. Time se dobiva baza podataka i njihova transparentnost vezano za Info – točku svih poduzetničkih aktivnosti. Logistička osnova za kvalitetno funkcioniranje centara u okviru poduzetničke mreže je primjena suvremeneinformacijske podrške u obradi podataka. Suvremeni pristup razvoju podrazumijeva informatizaciju društva, posebice gospodarstva. S obzirom da je danas trend razvoja malog i srednjeg poduzetništva, baze podataka iz raznih područja djelatnosti i interakcija među granama znanosti koje daje informacijski sustav, je osnova logističke podrške za kvalitetni razvoj. Info – točka je i podloga za uključivanje i povezivanje poduzetnika u zadruge ili poduzetničke clustere. Logistička podrška Poduzetničke mreže podrazumijeva posjedovanje podataka o poduzetnicima, potencijalnim ljudskim resursima, prirodnim vrijednostima - zemlji zraku i vodi, tržištu, proizvodnji, kulturnoj i spomeničkoj baštini i aktivnostima U današnje vrijeme kada eko-proizvodnja dobiva sve više na značaju, primjena suvremene znanosti primjenom visokosofisticirane informacijske mreže, postaje imperativ vremena. Bez primjene informatizacije u obradi podataka upitno je shvaćanje današnjeg razvoja

Based on the Eurobarometer survey No 54 (Autumn 2000), a modified measuring instrument was designed, adjusted to conducting a survey in Croatia. A pencil-and-pen survey was conducted in December 2001, at he Faculty of Economics in Osijek (n=148), and the Faculty of Economics in Split (n=91). It is the assumption of this research that future exponents of economic policies, i.e. the current students of final years at the faculties of economics, will be determining to a great degree the adjustment of the Republic of Croatia to European integration processes. In each of the countries that are membership candidates, as well as in those awaiting this status, the preparations for integration into the EU comprise a complex process of adjusting both the economy and legislation. In gransitioanl countries, including Croatia, this process will unfold simultaneously with the consolidation of institutional and administrative framework for the transition to market economy. Preparation for full mempership will therefore require fundamental changes in the legal, economic and social systems. Croatia can advance towards the EU membership most quickly if it is determined to carry aout the programme and to improve its own abilities for achieving the required level of adjustment. The adjustment process and the possibility of its implementation will be gratly influenced by the levels of knowledge about the EU and all the determinants of the integration process. This research therefore focuses on the studnets' levels of information regarding the EU, the sources of this information, as well as the frequency of using the analyzed sources of informationa. Special consideration was given to the Internet as a medium whose basic characteristic includes the terms "network and networking" in the context of global information. The survey analysis includes the applied methods of multivariand statistical analysis, whereas desk top method was used to analyse the publication of information on the Internet by the EU.

Archeological sites from the prehistoric period at the territory of the Republic of Croatia are classified in six basic prehistoric periods: the Palaeolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic, Eneolithic, Bronze and Iron Age, and they are located referring to larger settlements. The produced GIS gives apart from the data about the position and prehistoric period of the site, also the data about the culture it belongs to, its major characteristics, site significance, the main artefacts etc. GIS of archeological sites from the prehistoric time at the territory of Croatia is made by means of the program OCAD. For the purpose of visualisation a thematic map has been produced with the locations of sites presented on it.

New technologies introduce great changes in all fields of human activities, consequently in the area of navigational safety and its segment of nautical cartography. New products have been available in nautical cartography lately, especially those in digital form, as well as new methods of production, updatig and printing of the "old" products.

This paper overviews basic findings about sea level variations, both on the global and on the local (Adriatic Sea) scales. The characteristics of tides, storm surges and seiches, and climatic sea level fluctuations are described in the text, as they act together and having impact on the coastal infrastructure, especially in the North Adriatic. Therefore, various projects have been launched, both on local and regional (Mediterranean, Europe) scales, in order to better explore the factors influencing the sea level, as well as to make available the knowledge to the users and to the wider community. Moreover, data management is suggested herein, based both on web and GIS tools.

A thesis is being analyzed in this paper that embraces the segment of the assets that the corporation owns, from the aspect of its records. An object of analysis in that sense is the immovable property that, given its character and function, needs to have a special treatment inside the corporation. That applies especially to keeping records of it, and not only in company`s internal records (accounting and balance records) but also in the external (land office) records. Concidered in the context of the given thesis, it is especially emphasized the need to permanently update the records with fresh information, which is in the interest of the corporation. By the development of the Geo-Informational System (GIS) the possibility to create a database of the immovable property as a spatial category is widely broadened. Therefore, in the main part of this paper, a special attention is dedicated to analysis of the possibility to integrate the immovable property from the corporation portfolio into the GIS, as well as the evaluation of the effects that could be achieved with it.

A project called "A Program of Sustainable Development of the Traditional Crafts, Artistic and Cultural Values, and Ethnic Values of the Rural Region of Babina Greda" was started up in Vukovar-Srijem County. Regarding the fact that the woman artist Ana Verić lives in Babina Greda, and that she is an original painter, poetess and ethnographer, who wants to give ali her works of art and her collection that took whole life to summon to the people, in order to promote the cultural and artistic tradition of the region, an idea was born to build an art gallery in Babina Greda. Beside these activities, Babina Greda is famous of its traditional breeding of white hair horses in familv households, which is unique in Croatia, and of its traditional crafts, which will ali be embraced in the Project of Development in order to promote the tourism. Vukovar-Srijem County as a part of the Eastern Croatia has a high-quality contents, cultivated tradition of cultural, artistic and ethnic values, recognizable Slavonian villages and its residents, who are not enough known of. With this Project it is supposed to present itself to domestic and foreign tourists so that they could know more about us, our quality of life, work and love for true values. Based on the analvsis of the current state in Babina Greda, an investment project was made for the start-up of business activities. An object of the Project is building and organization of the area in order to put the "Art Gallery of Babina Greda" in function. Main determinants of the Project are: Foundation and organization of the permanent setup in the art gallery with the appurtenant ethnographic collection of Ana Verić, famous Croatian original painter, poetess and ethnographer dedicated to the protection of the traditional people's culture of Babina Greda. Organization of informational and promotional bureau (in the old barber shop) in Babina Greda, in the function of art gallery, connected to the rare personality of woman artist Ana Verić. Making of computer digitalized tourist guide as a fractal organization connected to digitalized informational body, AGRONET network which is planned for Eastern Croatia and the whole Croatia, and by doing this to promote the art gallery in Babina Greda with its ethnographic collection - "Art Gallery of Babina Greda". In the realization of the project included are donation values of Ana Verić, paintings, ethnographic collection and the housing for the gallery, the District of Babina Greda by donation of space for informational and promotional bureau, and the Vukovar-Srijem County by donation of funds for arrangement of the devastated rooms in the old barber shop building and by donation of partial funds for finishing of the art gallery in Babina Greda.

Financing of public needs on state and local government levels is impossible to ensure, among other things, without corresponding information system. It is actually the information system that is supposed to enable promptness and accuracy during the registering of all resources of the public revenue, as well as transparency of that information, and their sufficiency. The authors are analyzing and researching that on the example of one, though very specific, non-fiscal resource of the public revenue – capital properties selling revenue. Some forms of capital properties, which have had their base and character in the former legal and constitutional system, today exist under a different legal regime. Namely, Constitution of the Republic of Croatia no longer knows about the institute of public property, it guaranties the property rights, and defines the Republic of Croatia as a Welfare State.

The paper describes the formation of an adequate toponymic database called TOPONIMIS that would contain geographic names adjusted to rapid production of all maps and consequent and correct usage of geographic names, with an accent on official cartographic publications.

Raster Chart Display System (RCDS) is a very important factor in safety navigation service, especially since it was recognised as an official navigation information system. Its important part is official Raster Navigational Chart (RNC). Every hydrographic institute should follow the terms of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) while making that kind of chart and should also adjust content of the RNC to Chart specifications of the IHO. To accomplish that Hydrographic Institute of the Republic of Croatia is preparing a fifth edition of the Symbols and Abbreviations on Croatian Charts.

The study area covers a part of the Sava River basin with the size of 11.794 km2. The pollution loads generated in the basin do not all runoff to the rivers, especially most part of the non-point pollution loads, which infiltrate into the ground or are treated in the lands/ditches/channels before entering the rivers. Further more, the pollution loads entered to the rivers gradually decreases downstream due to the self-purification effects of the river water. To asses the river quality at the objective river sections, the analysis of the pollution mechanism in the river basin has been performed. Such analysis included evaluation of the pollution level of river water quality as well as the evolution of the point pollution load generation in the basin ; estimation of the existing pollution loads generation, both point and non-point sources ; integrated simulation model including the pollution load runoff and dilution/self-purification effects of the river and, finally, estimation of the pollution reduction effects of the proposed sewerage development.

The basic goal of creating the Nature Park «Papuk» was to preserve this exceptionally natural locality and its further formation. In territorial terms the park would be place at the territory of seven municipalities, and its development would be based on preserving flora and fauna, especially the endemic one. Unknown archaeological value of Park with the localities dating as far as the 12th century, various sources of alternative energy, sports and leisure possibilities , and indisputable scientific attraction of the area represent the possibility for the tourism to develop with emphasised ethnological and ecological approach. Geoinformation system of the Nature Park Papuk would thus unify all known data about the given area, but also all those data can be reached only by a thorough approach.

The paper describes digital production of general maps of all national parks, nature parks and strict wildlife refuges of the Republic of Croatia. All these maps present a digital base that can be used for further research, various analyses etc. Special attention has been given to the quality of produced maps that is completely in accordance with the current demands of map visualisation.

One of the most beautiful Croatian baroque cities, Vukovar, ruined in the war in 1991. has not welcome its reconstruction not even today, after ten years. Since the majority of residential objects and cultural monuments were devastated, the reconstruction project of Vukovar demands the coordination of professions conected not only with spatial planning and urbanism, but also the professions conected with "cultural reconstraction". Newly renovated city, for the reconstruction starts really from the foundations, should provide for its inhabitants the residential objects in the first place, but also the return to the way of life that the city had before the war. Urban recostruction of Vukovar woud make the solution possible for the greatest residential problem at the moment, but also builds the fundaments for other city functions to come back, and the guidelines for it would be given by the professions connected with culture, art, tourism..

Biti će unešen naknadno

The cultural heritage is a part of the overall value of Lonjsko Polje Nature Park. This protected natural area is distinct precisely because of the unity of its cultural and natural values, which are highly esteemed in both Croatian and European frameworks. the cultural heritage of Lonjsko polje is related to the immigration and rural settlement pattern during the 18th and 19th centuries. The conservation practice, after the proclamation of the nature park, included research, documentation, protection, assessment and planning.