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Purpose.: Plantar fasciitis is the most frequent cause of heel pain. Custom-made plantar supports are a common treatment solution, while the application of kinesiology tape (KT) can be an effective measure to alleviate pain. The objective was to evaluate the effects of KT on the pain of patients with plantar fasciitis. Methods.: Randomized controlled trial including participants with plantar fasciitis. There was an experimental group (n = 17), whose participants underwent a KT treatment, and a control (sham tape) group (n = 17). The pain, measured with a visual analog scale (VAS), was the primary outcome and was assessed daily until the fifth day of wearing the tape and 24 h after removing it. Inferential statistics looked for time, group, and time per group differences with CI at 95%. Results.: The greatest between-group VAS difference was 3.5 points, and occurred at the 2-day follow-up assessment. Then, pain differences decreased over time until the last assessment point. Statistically significant time, group, and time*group differences were found with p < 0.001. Conclusion.: This study supports that KT is effective in reducing pain in the short term in patients with plantar fasciitis, and more effective than a sham intervention with tape. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Kinesiology tape (KT) reduces pain in patients with plantar fasciitis. Pain is reduced from the first day and the tape can be worn up to five days. KT is an effective solution prior to the application of orthopaedic treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies reported inconsistent outcomes on elastic taping for three potential reasons: 1) poor control of placebo effect; 2) no consensus regarding the optimal tape tension; and 3) lack of investigation on muscle endurance, as the proposed tape recoiling force may not promote peak force generation but exert a consistently low force and improve submaximal contraction. This study compared the effects of elastic tape and its tension on muscle activity and endurance in people with extremely positive and negative personal belief on elastic tape. Using a validated instrument, we identified 20 participants with extremely positive personal belief on elastic tape (+ belief), and 20 with extremely negative personal belief (- belief). They performed wrist isometric endurance tests under three taping conditions (i.e. no tape, 50%, and 100% tension). We measured isometric wrist extensor muscle endurance, electromyography muscle activity, and self-perceived performance for each condition. The differences between the two groups in isometric muscle endurance (p =.85) and muscle activity (p =.53) were not statistically significant, regardless of tape conditions. However, participants with + belief reported better perceived performance than those with – belief (p <.001, partial eta squared = 0.70). Specifically, 100% tape tension yielded stronger self-perceived performance than 50% tension (Cohen's d = 0.91) and no tape (Cohen's d = 1.86). On the other hand, participants with – belief perceived similar performance across tape tensions (p =.55). Elastic tape does not modulate muscle activity and enhance muscle endurance. People with a strong positive personal belief on elastic tape may perceive a better performance with a greater tape tension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a common group of inherited connective tissue disorders with a prevalence as high as 0.75%–2% of the population. Physical manifestations include pain and decreased proprioception, especially in more mobile joints, such as the shoulder. The kinesiology tape (K-Tape) is often used to treat patients with shoulder dysfunction. The effectiveness of the K-Tape is uncertain, and there is a lack of studies specifically studying the K-Tape in an EDS population. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the short-term effects of two different K-Tape procedures on shoulder active joint reposition (AJR) and active range of motion (AROM) in patients with hypermobile EDS (hEDS) and shoulder pain. Methods: All participants were recruited from the EDS support groups and presented with shoulder pain. Baseline demographic information was obtained for each participant, after which AROM and AJR were assessed. The participants were randomized to receive one of two K-Tape procedures. Testing was repeated immediately post-taping and 48 h post-taping. Results: Significant improvements in shoulder external (F = 10.917, p < 0.001) and internal (F = 11.736, p < 0.001) rotations were seen from baseline to immediately post-taping and baseline to 48 h post-taping in the experimental K-Tape group. There were no significant differences in the shoulder rotation in the control K-Tape group and no significant differences in either group for shoulder flexion or AJR at any time point (p > 0.05). Conclusion: K-Tape may offer short-term improvements in shoulder rotation AROM in patients with hEDS and shoulder pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To synthesize the evidence on conservative interventions for shoulder symptoms in hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (hEDS) and hypermobility spectrum disorder (HSD). Data Sources: A literature search was conducted using data sources Medline, PEDro, CINAHL, AMED, Elsevier Scopus, and the Cochrane Library from January 1998 to June 2023. Study Selection: The review included primary empirical research on adults diagnosed with hEDS or HSD who experienced pain and/or mechanical shoulder symptoms and underwent conservative interventions. Initially, 17,565 studies were identified, which decreased to 9668 after duplicate removal. After title and abstract screening by 2 independent authors, 9630 studies were excluded. The full texts of the remaining 38 were assessed and 34 were excluded, leaving 4 articles for examination. Data Extraction: Two authors independently extracted data using a predefined extraction table. Quality assessment used the Joanna Briggs Institute checklists and the Template for Intervention Description and Replication. Data Synthesis: The review covered 4 studies with a total of 7 conservative interventions, including exercise programs, kinesiology taping, and elasticized compression orthoses. Standardized mean differences were calculated to determine intervention effects over time. The duration of interventions ranged from 48 hours to 24 weeks, showing positive effect sizes over time in the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index, pain levels, improved function in activities of daily living, and isometric and isokinetic strength. Small to negligible effect sizes were found for kinesiophobia during completion of exercise programs. Conclusions: Shoulder symptoms in hEDS/HSD are common, yet significant gaps in knowledge remain regarding conservative interventions, preventing optimal evidence-based application for clinicians. Further research is necessary to explore the most effective intervention types, frequencies, dosages, and delivery methods tailored to the specific requirements of this patient population.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of kinesiology tape application after mandibular third molar extraction. Method and materials: Patients with mandibular third molar extraction indications were divided into three groups. The patients in group 1 had kinesiology tape applied after tooth extraction, the patients in group 2 were given an ice pack and intermittent cryotherapy within 24 h of the operation, and the patients in group 3 were not given any additional intervention. All patients were followed up, and the postoperative swelling, pain, mouth opening limitation, and quality of life were recorded and evaluated. Comments on the intervention methods from patients were also collected. Results: Compared to group 3, groups 1 and 2 showed a significant reduction in postoperative swelling, pain, and limitation of mouth opening, and improvement of quality of life. There was no significant difference between groups 1 and 2 in each index, but the patients in group 1 reported fewer problems than those in group 2. Conclusions: The application of kinesiology tape was helpful in reducing the postoperative inflammatory symptoms of mandibular third molar extraction and improved the patients' postoperative quality of life. These results suggest that kinesiology tape can be used as an auxiliary treatment to cryotherapy or as an alternative intervention after mandibular third molar extraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Kinesiology Taping(KT) is commonly used as a physical therapy to prevent exercise-induced fatigue. This study aims to evaluate the immediate effects of KT on muscle strength, static balance, and proprioception after eccentric muscle fatigue on ankle. Methods Twenty healthy male university students were recruited. The experimental protocol was structured into four sessions, each separated by a one-week washout period to prevent carryover effects. Participants were randomly allocated to one of four intervention conditions in each session, ensuring no participant received the same intervention twice. These conditions were: no taping(NT),sham taping(ST),athletic taping(AT),and kinesiology taping(KT).Taping was applied immediately following an eccentric muscle fatigue protocol targeting the ankle, and assessments were conducted in the order of proprioception, muscle strength and static balance. Isometric muscle strength and proprioception were evaluated using the Biodex isokinetic system. Static balance was measured using the TecnoBody balance platform. Results KT had a significantly higher plantarflexion/dorsiflexion peak torque, dorsiflexion average peak torque, and plantarflexion/dorsiflexion average power at 60°/s compared with NT and ST in terms of isometric muscle strength (p

The aim of this study was to compare the acute effects of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilisation (IASTM) and kinesiological tape (KT) applications to hamstring muscle on balance and agility in track and field athletes. The study included 45 (KTG=15, IASTMG=15, Control Group=15) track and field athletes (short distance running and long distance running) aged 10-30 years. Using a simple randomisation method via a computer-generated list, participants were assigned to three groups: kinesiological taping (KTG) to one group, instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilisation (IASTMG) to another group and a control group (CG). Balance and agility parameters of all three groups were evaluated before and after the intervention using the Star Excursion Balance Test and Agility T-test. While the agility findings of IASTM and KT groups showed significant difference within the group (p<0.05); CG did not show a significant change within the group (p>0.05). In the post-intervention comparison, agility did not show a significant difference between the groups (p>0.05). While the Star Balance Test showed significant improvements in the right and left in all three groups (p<0.05), there was no significant difference between the groups (p>0.05). It was observed that IASTM and KT applications had positive acute effects on balance and agility and were not superior to each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Kinesiology Taping(KT) is commonly used as a physical therapy to prevent exercise-induced fatigue. This study aims to evaluate the immediate effects of KT on muscle strength, static balance, and proprioception after eccentric muscle fatigue on ankle. Methods: Twenty healthy male university students were recruited. The experimental protocol was structured into four sessions, each separated by a one-week washout period to prevent carryover effects. Participants were randomly allocated to one of four intervention conditions in each session, ensuring no participant received the same intervention twice. These conditions were: no taping(NT),sham taping(ST),athletic taping(AT),and kinesiology taping(KT).Taping was applied immediately following an eccentric muscle fatigue protocol targeting the ankle, and assessments were conducted in the order of proprioception, muscle strength and static balance. Isometric muscle strength and proprioception were evaluated using the Biodex isokinetic system. Static balance was measured using the TecnoBody balance platform. Results: KT had a significantly higher plantarflexion/dorsiflexion peak torque, dorsiflexion average peak torque, and plantarflexion/dorsiflexion average power at 60°/s compared with NT and ST in terms of isometric muscle strength (p < 0.05).Furthermore, the plantarflexion peak torque of KT was significantly greater than AT at 60°/s[p = 0.005,95% confidence interval(CI) = 3.39 to 18.20] and 180°/s[p = 0.006,95%CI(2.62,21.98)]. In terms of proprioception, KT showed a lower absolute error in 25° plantarflexion and 10° dorsiflexion compared to NT, ST and AT. For static balance with eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions, AT and KT had a lower total sway area than NT and ST (p < 0.05). Additionally, a significant difference in total sway length with eyes-open condition was observed between AT and KT[p < 0.001,95%CI(-431.81,-168.25)];total sway area and the center of pressure(COP) velocity in the mediolateral(ML) and anteroposterior(AP) directions with eyes-closed condition were significantly lower in AT compared to KT. Conclusion: This study suggests that KT is more effective than other taping conditions in improving muscle strength and proprioception after eccentric muscle fatigue on ankle. However, AT is more helpful in increasing static postural control ability after ankle muscle fatigue than KT. Trial registration: This study was registered with www.chictr.org.cn (registration number: ChiCTR2300068278) on 13/2/2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insight into, and measurements of, muscle contraction during movement may help improve the assessment of muscle function, quantification of athletic performance, and understanding of muscle behavior, prior to and during rehabilitation following neuromusculoskeletal injury. A self-adhesive, elastic fabric, nanocomposite, skin-strain sensor was developed and validated for human movement monitoring. We hypothesized that skin-strain measurements from these wearables would reveal different degrees of muscle engagement during functional movements. To test this hypothesis, the strain sensing properties of the elastic fabric sensors, especially their linearity, stability, repeatability, and sensitivity, were first verified using load frame tests. Human subject tests conducted in parallel with optical motion capture confirmed that they can reliably measure tensile and compressive skin-strains across the calf and tibialis anterior. Then, a pilot study was conducted to assess the correlation of skin-strain measurements with surface electromyography (sEMG) signals. Subjects did biceps curls with different weights, and the responses of the elastic fabric sensors worn over the biceps brachii and flexor carpi radialis (i.e., forearm) were well-correlated with sEMG muscle engagement measures. These nanocomposite fabric sensors were validated for monitoring muscle engagement during functional activities and did not suffer from the motion artifacts typically observed when using sEMGs in free-living community settings.

BackgroundEhlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a common group of inherited connective tissue disorders with a prevalence as high as 0.75%–2% of the population. Physical manifestations include pain and decreased proprioception, especially in more mobile joints, such as the shoulder. The kinesiology tape (K-Tape) is often used to treat patients with shoulder dysfunction. The effectiveness of the K-Tape is uncertain, and there is a lack of studies specifically studying the K-Tape in an EDS population.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to compare the short-term effects of two different K-Tape procedures on shoulder active joint reposition (AJR) and active range of motion (AROM) in patients with hypermobile EDS (hEDS) and shoulder pain.MethodsAll participants were recruited from the EDS support groups and presented with shoulder pain. Baseline demographic information was obtained for each participant, after which AROM and AJR were assessed. The participants were randomized to receive one of two K-Tape procedures. Testing was repeated immediately post-taping and 48 h post-taping.ResultsSignificant improvements in shoulder external (F = 10.917, p 0.05).ConclusionK-Tape may offer short-term improvements in shoulder rotation AROM in patients with hEDS and shoulder pain.

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Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a costly global health condition that affects individuals of all ages and genders. Physical therapy (PT) is a commonly used and effective intervention for the management of LBP and incorporates movement assessment and therapeutic exercise. A newly developed wearable, fabric-based sensor system, Motion Tape, uses novel sensing and data modeling to measure lumbar spine movements unobtrusively and thus offers potential benefits when used in conjunction with PT. However, physical therapists' acceptance of Motion Tape remains unexplored. Objective: The primary aim of this research study was to evaluate physical therapists' acceptance of Motion Tape to be used for the management of LBP. The secondary aim was to explore physical therapists' recommendations for future device development. Methods: Licensed physical therapists from the American Physical Therapy Association Academy of Leadership Technology Special Interest Group participated in this study. Overall, 2 focus groups (FGs; N=8) were conducted, in which participants were presented with Motion Tape samples and examples of app data output on a poster. Informed by the Technology Acceptance Model, we conducted semistructured FGs and explored the wearability, usefulness, and ease of use of and suggestions for improvements in Motion Tape for PT management of LBP. FG data were transcribed and analyzed using rapid qualitative analysis. Results: Regarding wearability, participants perceived that Motion Tape would be able to adhere for several days, with some variability owing to external factors. Feedback was positive for the low-profile and universal fit, but discomfort owing to wires and potential friction with clothing was of concern. Other concerns included difficulty with self-application and potential skin sensitivity. Regarding usefulness, participants expressed that Motion Tape would enhance the efficiency and specificity of assessments and treatment. Regarding ease of use, participants stated that the app would be easy, but data management and challenges with interpretation were of concern. Physical therapists provided several recommendations for future design improvements including having a wireless system or removable wires, customizable sizes for the tape, and output including range of motion data and summary graphs and adding app features that consider patient input and context. Conclusions: Several themes related to Motion Tape's wearability, usefulness, and ease of use were identified. Overall, physical therapists expressed acceptance of Motion Tape's potential for assessing and monitoring low back posture and movement, both within and outside clinical settings. Participants expressed that Motion Tape would be a valuable tool for the personalized treatment of LBP but highlighted several future improvements needed for Motion Tape to be used in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clinical Scenario: Joint instability is a common condition that often stems from inadequate muscle activation and results in precarious movement patterns. When clinicians attempt to mechanically treat the unstable joint rather than attending to the underlying cause of the instability, patient outcomes may suffer. The use of kinesiology tape (KT) on an unstable joint has been proposed to aid in improving lower-extremity neuromuscular control. Clinical Question: Does KT improve factors of neuromuscular control in an athletic population when compared with no-tape or nonelastic taping techniques? Summary of Key Findings: The current literature was searched, and 5 randomized controlled studies were selected comparing the effects of KT with no-tape or nonelastic taping techniques on lower-extremity neuromuscular control in an athletic population. Primary findings suggest KT is not more effective than no-tape or nonelastic tape conditions at improving lower-extremity neuromuscular control in a healthy population. Clinical Bottom Line: The current evidence suggests that KT is ineffective for improving neuromuscular control at the ankle compared with nonelastic tape or no-tape conditions. KT was also found to be ineffective at improving hip and knee kinematics in healthy runners and cyclists. However, preliminary research has demonstrated improved neuromuscular control in a population displaying excessive knee valgus during a drop jump landing, after the application of KT. Clinicians should be cautious of these conflicting results and apply the best available evidence to their evaluation of the patient's status. Strength of Recommendation: There is grade B evidence that the use of KT on an athletic population does not improve biomechanical measures of ankle stability. There is inconclusive, grade B evidence that KT improves neuromuscular control at the knee in symptomatic populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Shoulder injury is always accompanied with shoulder pain, which affects patient’s athletic performance. Kinesiology tape has been widely used in the prevention and treatment of shoulder diseases. However, there is limited research on the effect of kinesiology tape on shoulder pain and the results are controversial. OBJECTIVE: To describe the advances in clinical research of kinesiology tape on shoulder pain, providing a theoretical reference basis for the practical application of kinesiology tape. METHODS: Literature retrieval was performed to search for studies on kinesiology tape for treating shoulder pain in the Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, CNKI, WanFang, and VIP databases up to June 2022. Keywords were “shoulder pain; shoulder” AND “kinesio tap; kinesiology tap; kinaesthetic tap; tape; taping; taped” in English and Chinese. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Mechanical correction of kinesiology tape has certain effects on fatigue and pain relief, posture correction, increasing joint range of motion and acromion humeral distance, which is beneficial to improve upper limb function and locomotor performance. However, kinesiology tape has limited effects on joint proprioception and motion pattern after muscle fatigue. The long-term efficacy of kinesiology taping for shoulder pain is yet unclear. Further studies should be conducted on the effect of different tape tensions combined with different taping methods of kinesiology tape, to find new ways to keep it working. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Hand oedema is a common consequence of hand trauma or surgery. There are numerous methods to reduce hand oedema but lack high-quality evidence to support best practice. The primary objective of this pilot trial was to assess study feasibility when comparing treatments for subacute hand oedema after trauma. Methods A parallel two-arm pilot randomised controlled trial was conducted in the hand therapy department at a regional hospital in Norfolk between October 2017 and July 2018. Patients were eligible if 18 years or over, referred to hand therapy with subacute hand oedema. Randomisation was on a 1:1 basis to treatment as usual (TAU) (compression, elevation and massage) or trial treatment (TT) (kinesiology tape, elevation and massage). One blinded assessor completed all assessments (prior to randomisation, 4 and 12 weeks later). Data on study feasibility, adherence and acceptability of treatments were collected. The primary outcome measure was hand volume (volumetry). Patient-rated severity (0–5 Likert scale), hand health profile of the Patient Evaluation Measure (PEM) and quality of life (EQ-5D-5L) were also recorded. Results Forty-five patients were screened for eligibility and 26 consented and were randomised with 13 patients in each treatment arm. Twelve participants were lost to follow-up leaving 7 participants in each group included in the analysis. Assessor blinding was maintained in 64% of participants (9/14). Total mean acceptability scores, out of 100, were higher for TAU (87.9) than TT (76.1). Health resource use results showed TT was marginally cheaper (~£2 per patient) than TAU. Individual adherence ranged between 39 and 100%, with higher levels of overall adherence seen in the TAU group. Four participants (28%) reported adverse effects (TT group n = 3, TAU group n = 1). Conclusion This pilot trial has identified that modifications are required in order to make a full-scale trial feasible. They include a formal assessment of treatment fidelity, research staff assisting with screening and recruitment of participants and multiple blinded assessors at each study site. Whilst not designed as an efficacy trial, it should be acknowledged that the small sample size and high loss to follow-up meant very small numbers were included in the final analysis resulting in wide confidence intervals and therefore low precision in parameter estimates. Trial registration International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number: 94083271 . Date of registration 16th August 2017. Trial funding National Institute for Health Research Trainees Co-ordinating Centre (TCC); Grant Codes: CDRF-2014-05-064

Objectives: To explore the effect of infrared irradiation combined with mannitol and Kinesiology tape on postoperative swelling and pain in patients with a periarticular ankle fracture. Methods: The research subjects of this study were 88 patients with periarticular ankle fracture treated by surgery in the Department of Orthopedics of Baoding No.1 Central Hospital from October, 2019 to May, 2021. They were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group based on the random number table method, with 44 cases in each group. All patients were treated after the operation. Patients in the control group were treated with conventional drugs; while those in the observation group were provided with infrared irradiation combined with mannitol and Kinesiology tape. Further comparison was conducted on the degree of swelling, pain and satisfaction after treatment at three, five and seven days after operation. Results: At three, five and seven days after operation, the cross-section diameter of the injured limb was significantly smaller in the observation group than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0. 05). The degree of pain in both groups was significantly lower at three, five and seven days after operation than that before treatment; moreover, the degree of pain in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0. 05). Besides, the comparison of posttreatment satisfaction in both groups after treatment revealed that the total satisfaction of patients in the observation group (97.73%) was higher than that in the control group (79.55%), with a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Conclusion: Infrared irradiation combined with mannitol and Kinesiology tape can effectively alleviate postoperative swelling and pain of patients with a periarticular ankle fracture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Scapular proprioception is a key concern in managing shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS). However, no study has examined the effect of elastic taping on scapular proprioception performance. Objective: To investigate the immediate effect of kinesiology taping (KT) on scapular reposition accuracy, kinematics, and muscle activation in individuals with SIS. Design: Randomized controlled study. Setting: Musculoskeletal laboratory, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan. Participants: Thirty overhead athletes with SIS. Interventions: KT or placebo taping over the upper and lower trapezius muscles. Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome measures were scapular joint position sense, measured as the reposition errors, in the direction of scapular elevation and protraction. The secondary outcomes were scapular kinematics and muscle activity of the upper trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior during arm elevation in the scapular plane (scaption). Results: Compared with placebo taping, KT significantly decreased the reposition errors of upward/downward rotation (P =.04) and anterior/posterior tilt (P =.04) during scapular protraction. KT also improved scapular kinematics (significant group by taping effect for posterior tilt, P =.03) during scaption. Kinesiology and placebo tapings had a similar effect on upper trapezius muscle activation (significant taping effect, P =.003) during scaption. Conclusions: Our study identified the positive effects of KT on scapular joint position sense and movement control. Future studies with a longer period of follow-up and clinical measurement might help to clarify the clinical effect and mechanisms of elastic taping in individuals with SIS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundEhlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) is a group of inherited connective tissue disorders which predominantly affects women and has a prevalence as high as 1 in 5,000 individuals. Hypermobile EDS (hEDS) is the most common subtype of EDS and is characterized by multi-joint pain, particularly in large joints such as the shoulder. Physical therapy is often utilized to address the pain, physical impairments, and functional loss in patients with EDS. Kinesiology Tape (KT) is an intervention commonly used by physical therapists for treating shoulder pain and dysfunction. Studies related to the effectiveness of KT in patients with shoulder pain is equivocal and there are a lack of studies specifically studying the effects of KT in an EDS population.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and short-term effects of two different KT techniques on shoulder pain and function in individuals with hEDS and shoulder pain.MethodsParticipants were recruited from EDS support groups in the New England area of the United States; were diagnosed with hEDS by their physician; and had shoulder pain. Baseline demographic information was obtained for each participant followed by completion of 4 patient reported outcome (PRO) measures: the Upper Extremity Functional Index, QuickDASH (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, & Hand), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, and the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index. Current pain level, average pain over the past 24 h, and worst pain over the past 24 h were recorded using the numeric pain rating scale (NPRS). Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either an experimental shoulder KT procedure or a control shoulder taping. Immediately after taping, the NPRS was reassessed. Subjects then returned 48 h later to repeat the NPRS and PRO measures.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the experimental and control tape groups for any outcome measure. There was a significant improvement from pre-taping to 48-hours post taping for each of the 4 PRO measures with large effect sizes (p

An ankle sprain is one of the most common musculoskeletal injuries and is often associated with the instability of the ankle, which limits the range of motion (ROM) and affects balance abilities. Thus, treating and preventing ankle sprain or chronic ankle instability is crucial. Kinesiology tape (KT) is an elastic tape that is widely used to support and stabilize the ankle joints and muscles without restricting the ROM. There is a limited study on reviewing the effect of the application of KT on ankles improving balance abilities, focusing on the taping technique and duration of application. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to review the existing literature on evaluating the effectiveness of kinesiology tape, its application technique, and duration. A search was conducted in electronic databases (Scopus and Web of Science) from 2011 to 2021 using the terms "kinesiology tape", "ankle", and "balance". A total of 15 articles were selected from 68 total articles. The results of each study were summarized and compared. As a result, 13 articles showed significant improvement in KT application in individuals with and without ankle instability. Hence, it is recommended that the ankle-balance taping (ABT) technique and lateral ankle sprain-taping technique are both used in individuals with and without ankle instability. Moreover, it is suggested that the KT application for individuals with ankle instability is used for more than 24 hours while individuals without ankle instability just use it immediately before performing activities. This indicated that the KT application will help in treating and preventing ankle injuries in individuals with and without ankle instability. This systematic review provides evidence that KT application has advantages with balance abilities in individuals with and without ankle instability, based on previous and current studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Maxillofacial surgery induces alarming facial swelling while treating complex orbital and zygomatic bone fractures for which corticosteroids have been used aggressively causing side effects. This study is aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Kinesiology Tape (KT) in isolated zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures in the reduction of postoperative swelling, pain, and trismus. Methods: This was a prospective study involving thirty patients with isolated ZMC fractures divided into two groups: test and control. Surgery was performed in accordance with the standardized protocol customized for the study. KT was used on the test group. The objective assessment of swelling involving six specific reference points making five lines and pre- and postoperative mouth opening was recorded. The subjective assessment of pain and efficacy of KT was checked at the time of discharge. Results: There was a significant reduction in swelling in the postoperative period in the study group as compared to the control. The study group showed minimum swelling, and the rate of resolving was faster. Subjectively 86.6% of the patients were very satisfied in the study group and did not find any disturbance to the use of KT or difficulty in the neck movement. No significant difference was recorded in trismus and pain in both the groups. Conclusions: The postoperative swelling was significantly lower with application of KT in ZMC fractures. No significant influence was seen on pain and trismus. The subjective assessment of the patients revealed that the mouth opening increased after surgery in the study group which may be due to placebo effect. KT could be a simple, inexpensive, noninvasive approach in management of postoperative morbidity which promises to improve the quality of life.

Background: Hand oedema is a common consequence of hand trauma or surgery. There are numerous methods to reduce hand oedema but lack high-quality evidence to support best practice. The primary objective of this pilot trial was to assess study feasibility when comparing treatments for subacute hand oedema after trauma. Methods: A parallel two-arm pilot randomised controlled trial was conducted in the hand therapy department at a regional hospital in Norfolk between October 2017 and July 2018. Patients were eligible if 18 years or over, referred to hand therapy with subacute hand oedema. Randomisation was on a 1:1 basis to treatment as usual (TAU) (compression, elevation and massage) or trial treatment (TT) (kinesiology tape, elevation and massage). One blinded assessor completed all assessments (prior to randomisation, 4 and 12 weeks later). Data on study feasibility, adherence and acceptability of treatments were collected. The primary outcome measure was hand volume (volumetry). Patient-rated severity (0–5 Likert scale), hand health profile of the Patient Evaluation Measure (PEM) and quality of life (EQ-5D-5L) were also recorded. Results: Forty-five patients were screened for eligibility and 26 consented and were randomised with 13 patients in each treatment arm. Twelve participants were lost to follow-up leaving 7 participants in each group included in the analysis. Assessor blinding was maintained in 64% of participants (9/14). Total mean acceptability scores, out of 100, were higher for TAU (87.9) than TT (76.1). Health resource use results showed TT was marginally cheaper (~£2 per patient) than TAU. Individual adherence ranged between 39 and 100%, with higher levels of overall adherence seen in the TAU group. Four participants (28%) reported adverse effects (TT group n = 3, TAU group n = 1). Conclusion: This pilot trial has identified that modifications are required in order to make a full-scale trial feasible. They include a formal assessment of treatment fidelity, research staff assisting with screening and recruitment of participants and multiple blinded assessors at each study site. Whilst not designed as an efficacy trial, it should be acknowledged that the small sample size and high loss to follow-up meant very small numbers were included in the final analysis resulting in wide confidence intervals and therefore low precision in parameter estimates. Trial registration: International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number: 94083271. Date of registration 16th August 2017. Trial funding: National Institute for Health Research Trainees Co-ordinating Centre (TCC); Grant Codes: CDRF-2014-05-064 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy and safety of kinesiology tape in treating hemiplegic shoulder pain. METHODS: Web of Science, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, six other English databases and three Chinese databases (CNKI, VIP, Wan Fang) were searched for randomized controlled trials published prior to December 13, 2020 in English or Chinese on the use of kinesiology tape for hemiplegic shoulder pain. RESULTS: Fourteen randomized controlled trials (679 patients) of good PEDro quality (6.43 ± 1.09) were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results for pain (SMD - 0.92, 95% CI - 1.10 to - 0.74, P < 0.001, 10 RCTs, 539 patients), range of motion (SMD 2.27, 95% CI 1.23 to 3.32, P < 0.001, 7 studies, 320 patients), the acromion humeral distance (SMD - 0.62, 95% CI - 0.88 to - 0.37, P < 0.001, 7 RCTs, 246 patients) and the FMA-UE score (SMD 0.66, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.91, P < 0.001, 5 RCTs, 263 patients) suggested that therapeutic kinesiology tape relieved pain, increased ROM, shortened the acromion humeral distance and improved upper extremity motor function to a greater extent than the sham or blank control conditions. The pooled results for individual activity (SMD 0.42, 95% CI - 0.22 to 1.07, P = 0.199, 5 RCTs, 199 patients) and quality of life (SMD 0.308, 95% CI - 0.288 to 0.903, P = 0.311, 1 RCT, 44 patients) showed that the kinesiology tape group was not significantly different from the sham or blank control group. Publication bias was not observed. No adverse events were reported in any of the included studies. CONCLUSION: KT relieved pain and improved the ROM, DAH and FMA-UE score in patients with HSP to a greater extent than did the sham KT or blank control conditions. The effects on independence in activities of daily living and quality of life and whether this method is superior to active treatment in patients with HSP were not verified. More rigorous, reasonably designed RCTs with large sample sizes are still needed in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of kinesiology tape (KT) on lower limb muscle activation during computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) tasks and ankle kinesthesia in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Methods: Thirty-five men with CAI participated in this study. The experimental procedure followed a repeated measures design. Muscle activation of lower extremity and ankle kinesthesia of participants were measured using four taping treatments, namely, KT, athletic tape (AT), sham tape (ST), and no tape (NT) in a randomized order. Muscle activation was assessed using surface electromyography (sEMG) synchronized with CDP tests from seven lower extremity muscles of the unstable limb. Ankle kinesthesia was measured by using a threshold to detect the passive motion direction of the unstable ankle. Parameters were analyzed by using a one-way repeated measures ANOVA and followed by pairwise comparisons with a Bonferroni correction. Results: No significant difference was observed among different taping treatments for the majority of parameters during CDP. Except for condition 4 with open eyes, sway-referenced surface, and fixed surround in the sensory organization test (SOT), gastrocnemius medialis root mean square (RMS) was 28.19% lower in AT compared with NT (p = 0.021, 95% CI = 0.002–0.039), while gastrocnemius lateralis RMS was 20.25% lower in AT compared with KT (p = 0.038, 95% CI = 0.000–0.021). In forward-small sudden translation from motor control test (MCT), for peroneal longus (PL), RMS was 24.04% lower in KT compared with ST (p = 0.036, 95% CI = 0.000–0.018). In toes-down sudden rotation from adaption test (ADT), for PL, RMS was 23.41% lower in AT compared with ST (p = 0.015, 95% CI = 0.002–0.027). In addition, no significant difference was observed for a threshold to the detection of passive motion direction among different taping treatments. Conclusion: This study indicated that KT had minimal effect on the muscle activation of the unstable lower limb during static stance, self-initiated, and externally triggered perturbation tasks from CDP and ankle kinesthesia among individuals with CAI, suggesting that the benefit of KT was too small to be clinically worthwhile during application for CAI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of tape worn during weight bearing exercises on proprioception (i.e., ankle angle repositioning error) in participants with functional ankle instability. We employed a randomized, controlled clinical study in a laboratory setting, with 56 participants with functional ankle instability. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: (a) weight bearing exercises without tape (n = 18), (b) weight bearing exercises with tape (n = 19) and controls not engaged in weight bearing exercises (n = 19). Weight bearing exercises included six weeks of bilateral squats in partial form with up to 45 degrees of knee flexion, and unilateral partial squats with full heel raise, and with full toe raise. In the taped condition, participants wore tape for six weeks with up to three tape replacements per week. Proprioception was measured as ankle repositioning error. Results showed that the mean angle repositioning error among participants in the active weight bearing groups was decreased by the taping intervention, relative to the control group's performance (p = 0.042). There were no significant differences between weight bearing exercise groups and control groups. The addition of kinesiology tape in weight bearing exercises can improve proprioception in active conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of kinesiology tape (KT) on lower limb muscle activation during computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) tasks and ankle kinesthesia in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI).Methods: Thirty-five men with CAI participated in this study. The experimental procedure followed a repeated measures design. Muscle activation of lower extremity and ankle kinesthesia of participants were measured using four taping treatments, namely, KT, athletic tape (AT), sham tape (ST), and no tape (NT) in a randomized order. Muscle activation was assessed using surface electromyography (sEMG) synchronized with CDP tests from seven lower extremity muscles of the unstable limb. Ankle kinesthesia was measured by using a threshold to detect the passive motion direction of the unstable ankle. Parameters were analyzed by using a one-way repeated measures ANOVA and followed by pairwise comparisons with a Bonferroni correction.Results: No significant difference was observed among different taping treatments for the majority of parameters during CDP. Except for condition 4 with open eyes, sway-referenced surface, and fixed surround in the sensory organization test (SOT), gastrocnemius medialis root mean square (RMS) was 28.19% lower in AT compared with NT (p = 0.021, 95% CI = 0.002–0.039), while gastrocnemius lateralis RMS was 20.25% lower in AT compared with KT (p = 0.038, 95% CI = 0.000–0.021). In forward-small sudden translation from motor control test (MCT), for peroneal longus (PL), RMS was 24.04% lower in KT compared with ST (p = 0.036, 95% CI = 0.000–0.018). In toes-down sudden rotation from adaption test (ADT), for PL, RMS was 23.41% lower in AT compared with ST (p = 0.015, 95% CI = 0.002–0.027). In addition, no significant difference was observed for a threshold to the detection of passive motion direction among different taping treatments.Conclusion: This study indicated that KT had minimal effect on the muscle activation of the unstable lower limb during static stance, self-initiated, and externally triggered perturbation tasks from CDP and ankle kinesthesia among individuals with CAI, suggesting that the benefit of KT was too small to be clinically worthwhile during application for CAI.

Abstract Low back pain (LBP) is prevalent and may transition into chronic LBP (cLBP) with associated reduced quality of life, pain, and disability. Because cLBP affects a heterogenous population, rehabilitation efforts must be individualized to meet the needs of various patient populations as well as individuals. This narrative review evaluated the many approaches to LBP rehabilitation including treatment-based classifications and specific types of rehabilitation efforts from exercise and physical therapy to spinal manipulation and bracing. Clinicians caring for patients with LBP or cLBP must be aware of the various options to find the right treatment course for each patient. In many cases, with proper patient expectations and care, nonpharmacological options may suffice to manage cLBP. While there is a rightful role for analgesics in the management of LBP, nonpharmacological options should be seriously considered, as they can play an important and health-sustaining role in patient management.

The aims of the proposed research are to estimate the usefulness of two manners in reducing puffiness following extraction of third molar teeth. Materials and Methods: This study included 30 cases had unerupted lower third molar teeth of diverse surgical complexity. Kinesiology tape applied for 7 days after that removed or Diclofenac Na+ (Voltarin) 50mg tablet were given to the case group post operatively, three periods each day for seven days. Edema was assessed by a ribbon gauge method. Assessments were done on first day of surgical management and on seventy-two hours and seven days afterward. Results: There was a significant difference were recognized statistically for edema values between two treatment set on the 1st, 3rd and 7th day subsequent to surgical work. Conclusions: The use of Kinesiology tape was nearly with a same effectiveness with Voltarin tablets in dropping the edema, Kinesiology tape becomes able to be seen to at hand a beneficial result as an additional medicine in medically threatened patient like elevated blood pressure, chronic respiratory diseases, expectant females, gastric or duodenal ulcer, any contraindication of taking NSAIDs that is prescribed officially for decreasing ache, edema following to third molar teeth surgical interventions. Keywords: Kinesiology tape, Diclofenac, wisdom teeth removal.

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of Siling and Tuina exercise technique combined with kinesiology tape(KT)on lumbar muscle fasciitis and explore the changes of MPF in the frequency domain of surface electromyography, and explain the mechanism of this comprehensive rehabilitation program on the improvement of lumbar muscle fasciitis.Methods:A total of 60 lumbar muscle fasciitis patients treated in the outpatient department of the rehabilitation center of the second affiliated hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were collected. The eligible patients were divided into treatment group and control group by random number table method, with 30 cases in each group. The treatment group was treated with Siling and Tuina exercise technique combined with KT, while the control group was only treated with KT.In the suspension state, the patients in the treatment group underwent local meridian stretch and rib rectification, combined with the open and closed chain active movement in the supine position and prone position for 30 minutes. Then the patients in the treatment group received KT, which followed the principle of"improving pain threshold, promoting circulation, and relieving fatigue". The patients were given sticking with shapes of"X"and"claw"KT under appropriate position for 24 hours, once a day. The same KT was performed in the control group. The above two groups were treated once a day, five times for a course of treatment, two days rest between courses, and a total of four courses of treatment. Before and after the treatment, McGill simplified scale was used to assess the changes in pain degree of patients, and the changes in frequency domain index(MPF)in sEMG were used to assess the changes in the fatigue degree of bilateral multifidus muscle and vertical spine muscle. Rehabilitation follow-up was conducted three months after the end of treatment, and the recurrence rate was calculated.Results:After four courses of treatment, the scores of McGill simplified scale of two groups were lower than those before treatment, and the decrease was more obvious in the treatment group than that in the control group(PPPP

To investigate if applying Kinesiology Tape (KT) on the unstable ankle may improve static postural control in individuals with Functional ankle instability. A repeated measured study. Participants performed a series of static quiet bipedal and unipedal stances on a force platform. Measurements were taken at three different times: baseline or no tape, immediately and 24 h after the taping application with the tape remaining on the ankle. A university's psychomotor laboratory. Twenty young adults with Functional ankle instability aged from 18 to 30 years old. Outcome measures: Postural control was assessed by four measures derived from the centre of pressure data: Area of 95% Confidence ellipse, standard deviation of displacements, mean velocity and mean power frequency. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to determine any significant improvement in postural control over time due to KT. Only minor changes in mean velocity and MPF in unipedal stances were observed immediately after KT application. However, the overall results indicated statistically insignificant improvements in postural control neither immediately after KT application nor after 24 h. Results suggest that the use of KT did not affect bipedal and unipedal stances of individuals with functional ankle instability. • Deficits in postural control are associated with FAI. • Lack of evidence whether Kinesiology Tape is sufficient to treat FAI. • Scarcity of literature on the effects of Kinesiology Tape in non-athletes. • Static postural control was assessed before and after the Kinesiology Tape application. • Kinesiology Tape did not improve postural control in FAI individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background There exists conflicting evidence regarding the impact of kinesiology tape on performance and muscle function. One variable that may account for disparities in the findings of previous studies is the colour of the tape applied. Colour is hypothesised to influence sporting performance through modulation of arousal and aggression. However, few studies have investigated the influence of colour on products designed specifically to enhance athletic performance. Further, no studies have investigated the potential influence of colour on other drivers of performance, such as corticomotor activity and neuromuscular function. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of kinesiology tape colour on athletic performance, knee extensor torque, and quadriceps neuromuscular function. Methods Thirty two healthy participants were assessed under five conditions, applied in random order: (1) no kinesiology tape (control), (2) beige-coloured kinesiology tape applied with tension (sham A), (3) beige-coloured kinesiology tape applied with no tension (sham B), (4) red-coloured kinesiology tape applied with tension, and (5) blue-coloured kinesiology tape applied with tension. Athletic performance was assessed using a previously validated hop test, knee extensor torque was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer, and transcranial magnetic stimulation was utilised to provide insight into the neuromuscular functioning of the quadriceps musculature. Results Kinesiology tape had no beneficial impact on lower limb performance or muscle strength in healthy adults. The colour of the tape did not influence athletic performance (F (4, 120) = 0.593, p = 0.669), quadriceps strength (F (4, 120) = 0.787, p = 0.536), or neuromuscular function (rectus femoris: F (2.661, 79.827) = 1.237, p = 0.301). Conclusion This study found that kinesiology tape does not alter lower limb performance or muscle function in healthy adults, irrespective of the colour of the tape applied. Future research should seek to confirm these findings beyond the research setting, across a range of sports, and at a range of skill levels. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry. ACTRN12616001506482. Prospectively registered on 01/11/2016.

Low back pain (LBP) is prevalent and may transition into chronic LBP (cLBP) with associated reduced quality of life, pain, and disability. Because cLBP affects a heterogenous population, rehabilitation efforts must be individualized to meet the needs of various patient populations as well as individuals. This narrative review evaluated the many approaches to LBP rehabilitation including treatment-based classifications and specific types of rehabilitation efforts from exercise and physical therapy to spinal manipulation and bracing. Clinicians caring for patients with LBP or cLBP must be aware of the various options to find the right treatment course for each patient. In many cases, with proper patient expectations and care, nonpharmacological options may suffice to manage cLBP. While there is a rightful role for analgesics in the management of LBP, nonpharmacological options should be seriously considered, as they can play an important and health-sustaining role in patient management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

مقدمه و اهداف قدرت عضلانی یک جز مهم و اساسی در تعیین عملکرد ورزشکاران است که ممکن است با تیپ بهبود یابد. کینزیوتیپ یک نوع تیپ الاستیک است که جهت بهبود عملکرد عضلانی استفاده می­شود و برای اولین بار در سال 1970 در ژاپن مطرح شد. این نوع تیپ به سرعت در بین ورزشکاران مورد استفاده قرار گرفت و بعد از المپیک 2008 استفاده از آن افزایش یافت. علی­رغم استفاده زیاد از کینزیوتیپ، میزان اثرات آن مورد سوال است. مطالعه مروری حاضر مطالعات را جهت بررسی میزان اثر کینزیوتیپ بر قدرت عضلانی، مورد مطالعه قرار می­دهد. مواد و روش­ها برای انجام پژوهش حاضر مقالات انگلیسی چاپ شده در بانک­های اطلاعاتی PEDro, Cochrane Library, Medline, Google Scholar, Science Direct, scopus, Up to Date, Pubmed جستجو شدند. در این جستجو که محدود به مطالعات سال­های 2000 تا 2015 بود از کلید واژه­های ترکیبی Kinesiology Tape, Kinesiotape, Elastic Tape, Tape and Muscle, Tape and strength استفاده شد. یافته­ها از میان تقریباً 26 مقاله مرتبط با موضوع، 21 مقاله برای بررسی وارد پژوهش شدند که بر اساس نتایج مطالعات به دو دسته تقسیم شدند: دسته اول مقالاتی که نتایج آنها نشان می­داد کینزیوتیپ بر افزایش قدرت عضلانی موثر است و دسته دوم مقالاتی که نتایج آنها بیان می­کرد کینزیوتیپ بر قدرت عضلانی موثر نیست. نتیجه­گیری کینزیوتیپ در تغییر ارتفاع پرش و تست­های عملکردی بی­اثر است، ولی باعث تغییر در زمان­بندی فعالیت عضله و کاهش زمان رسیدن به حداکثر فعالیت عضله می شود. اثر کینزیوتیپ بر فعالیت الکترومیوگرافی و نیروی عضله بستگی به نحوه استفاده از کینزیوتیپ دارد و اگر در شرایط صحیح استفاده شود، می­تواند موثر باشد. بیان دقیق نحوه استفاده صحیح از کینزیوتیپ نیاز به مطالعات با کیفیت بالاتر دارد.

Background: Back pain is common during pregnancy and can have an adverse impact on the quality of life for some, yet treatment options for this population are limited. We document a chiropractic treatment that involves using kinesiology tape (tape) to help alleviate pregnancy-related back pain in two patients. Case Presentation and Management: Two pregnant women reported to two different chiropractic offices with varying presentations of pregnancy-related back pain. A trial of chiropractic care was rendered in both chiropractic offices, which included the application of tape. Outcome and Discussion: In both case presentations, the addition of tape in the lumbosacral and/or abdominal regions, decreased pain intensity from 9-10/10 to 4/10 or less on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Including a taping protocol to a plan of management in women with pregnancy-related LBP or PGP may be a safe and effective option to alleviate pain in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patellofemoral pain syndrome frequently occurs as an anterior knee pain in large population in Asia. Effective intervention is required to treat it timely however as shown in evidence kinesiology tape is effective treatment internationally but it’s applicability in Pakistan is not known. The objective of the study was to evaluate the use of kinesiology tape in the management of patellofemoral pain syndrome in Karachi Pakistan. A cross sectional survey was conducted at multi centers of Karachi using non probability purposive sampling technique. To gather data on demographic variables self-administrated questionnaire was used. All categorical variables were presented through frequencies and percentages. Application of Chi-square test was taken into the account to catch out association between use of kinesiology tape in PFPS and other categorical variables. The results show that (43.75%) of the participants use kinesiology tape in the management of patellofemoral pain syndrome. And 66 out of 70 (94.2%) participants stated that it is effective in the management of patellofemoral pain syndrome. The result of this study suggests that though the knowledge of effectiveness of usage of k tape in patellofemoral pain syndrome is high among the physical therapists, its application is not very common due to lack of skills, its unavailability and the cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rounded shoulder posture (RSP) causes an imbalance of the adjacent joints due to the malalignment of the shoulder joint, and thus affects the strength of the muscles surrounding the shoulder. This study aimed to investigate the effect of rounded shoulder taping (RST) on shoulder posture and muscle strength in junior baseball players. Nineteen junior baseball players participated in the study, which used a crossover design at an interval of 1 week. The participants were randomized to receive rounded shoulder taping (RST) and sham kinesiology taping (SKT) using kinesiology tape. RSP was measured using two 12-inch combination squares, and shoulder peak torques were measured by isokinetic equipment. The results showed that RST led to significant changes in RSP (p < 0.05), but no significant changes were observed with SKT (p < 0.05). RST led to significant changes in the peak torques of external rotation and internal rotation of the shoulder (p < 0.05), but no significant changes were observed with SKT (p < 0.05). These results suggest that RST could help to correct RSP and improve peak torque of external and internal rotation of the shoulders of junior baseball players with RSP.

Background: Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) have leg muscular deficits which negatively affects their dynamic postural stability. Kinesio tape (KT) could enhance muscle activation, postural control and functional activities in healthy individuals. Therefore, we hypothesized that the usage of KT may address the postural instability problem of children with DCD.Research Question: To investigate the immediate effect of KT on dynamic postural stability and the associated lower limb muscle activity in children with DCD.Methods: Forty-nine children with DCD were recruited where twenty-five children were randomly assigned to the KT group (mean age = 8.18 ± 1.16 years) and twenty-four to the control group (mean age = 8.06 ± 0.93 years). KT group received KT application to the rectus femoris and gastrocnemius muscles whereas the control group received no intervention. Measurements were taken before and after the application of KT. Dynamic balance performance was measured using a lower quartile Y-balance test (YBT-LQ). Leg muscle peak activation and time-to-peak muscle activation of the dominant lower limb during YBT-LQ were measured by surface electromyography.Results: YBT-LQ composite score increased by 6.3% in the KT group at posttest (95% CI: -7.308, -2.480). In addition, a higher rectus femoris peak activation was illustrated for YBT-LQ anterior (32.5%; 95% CI: -48.619, -16.395) and posteromedial (24.6%; 95% CI: -42.631, -6.591) reach directions from pretest values in the KT group. Moreover, KT group exhibited a 38% (95% CI: 0.015, 2.983) longer gastrocnemius medialis time-to-peak duration for YBT-LQ posteromedial reach direction when compared to the control group.Significance: KT revealed an immediate beneficial effect on YBT-LQ performance. Application of KT also increased rectus femoris peak activation and lengthened the muscle time-to-peak duration for specific reach directions. Incorporating KT as an adjunct with dynamic balance training programme could be beneficial for children with DCD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine the effects of application direction of the kinesiology tape on the strength of fatigued quadriceps muscles, and included 15 athletes (mean: age, 19.53 ± 2.42 years; height, 176.93 ± 6.9 cm; weight, 72.87 ± 13.02 kg). The kinesiology tape was randomly applied to the quadriceps from origin to insertion (n = 7) or from insertion to origin (n = 8) after inducing quadriceps muscle fatigue. After 1 week, the kinesiology tape was applied in the opposite direction (insertion to origin [n = 7] or origin to insertion [n = 8]) after inducing quadriceps muscle fatigue. The peak torque of the fatigued quadriceps muscles was measured before and after tape application. Increased peak torque values were observed irrespective of the direction of taping. No significant differences were noted in the peak torque of the fatigued quadriceps muscles with respect to application direction. Kinesiology tape application may improve the strength of fatigued quadriceps muscles regardless of application direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Kinesiology Tape (KT) is widely used in sports rehabilitation and by those performing physical activity, however, there is no consensus in the scientific literature about its effectiveness on performance, strength or muscle activation. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure the acute effects of KT in static rest, and during knee extension maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) performance in resistance trained men. Study Design: Observational, descriptive, comparative. Methods: Eighteen young, healthy, trained males (age: 25 ± 6 years, height: 176.0 ± 5 cm, and mass: 81.8 ± 8.0 kg) volunteered to participate. Initially, they were in a relaxed sitting position of 90 degrees knee flexion with their limb supported by the machine lever arm to measure passive tension of the tissues of the knee joint. Then, they performed three MVIC trials of five seconds each with a three-minute rest between trials, in four randomized experimental conditions, with 10-min rest between conditions: (a) control, no taping; (b) Knee Sleeve; (c) KT; and (d) sham. During all MVICs, peak force, impulse, and muscle activation of the vastus lateralis (integrated electromyography [IEMG] and median frequency) were measured. Results: Repeated measures ANOVAs revealed no statistical differences between conditions for passive tension (p>0.05), peak force (p>0.05), impulse (p>0.05), IEMG (p>0.05), or median frequency (p>0.05). Conclusion: KT does not influence passive tension during static position at 90 degrees of knee flexion. KT does not affect quadriceps activation or force production during a maximal voluntary isometric contraction in the same position. Level of Evidence: 3a [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study was to assess skin temperature after short-term kinesiology tape application. Seventy-four healthy volunteers with no history of lower back pain participated in the study. Kinesiology tape was applied in the experimental group, and Matopat Classic adhesive tape was applied in the placebo group. Study participants wore the tape for four consecutive days and were then thermographically analyzed for changes in skin temperature. Examination of skin surface temperature distribution revealed a significantly lower temperature (mean decrease, 1.3°C P = .001 area1, 1.5°C P = .001 area2, 1.6 P = .008 area3) immediately after kinesiology tape the removal. One hour after removal of the tape, a statistically significant increase in temperature was observed over all three areas (mean increase, 0.9°C P = .025 area1, 1.0°C P = .0008 area2, 1.0 P = .011 area3). In group 2, there were no statistically significant temperature changes. Based on the findings, we determined that kinesiology taping may affect skin temperature at the site of application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: The primary aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the effectiveness of kinesiology tape (KT) and usual care versus usual care alone in the treatment of breast lymphoedema (BLE). METHODS: Fourteen participants with BLE were randomly assigned to either the KT and usual care group or usual care alone group. Both groups received three sessions of manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) once per week for three weeks, with the KT group additionally wearing the KT for two seven-day periods in between MLD sessions. Safety and acceptability of the KT were assessed by recording adverse events, skin changes and compliance with KT. Outcomes included were: ease of recruitment, attrition and acceptability of KT, percentage breast tissue water, patient-reported breast heaviness/fullness, breast discomfort and breast redness. RESULTS: Recruitment for this study was an average of 2.8 participants per month. There were no dropouts from either group. No adverse events or major skin side effects were recorded in either group. Minor skin redness was the most common dermal change (n = 5). Compliance with KT was excellent. Percentage tissue water in the worst affected breast quadrant reduced, on average, by 15.14% and 10.43% in both the KT group and the usual care group respectively. CONCLUSION: This feasibility RCT into the use of KT in BLE has shown that recruitment to a larger scale RCT is feasible. It has been demonstrated that KT is a safe and acceptable intervention with no adverse events and minor dermal changes. A large, multi-centred RCT is now necessary to accurately assess the effect of KT in BLE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Objective Establish the effectiveness of kinesiology tape (KT) on sports performance abilities compared to that of other tapes or no tape with consideration to the application methodology, timeframe, and outcome measurement. Methods PubMed, Embase, and PEDro databases were systematically searched. The following inclusion criteria were applied: 1) participants were healthy athletes, 2) compared any brand of dynamic KT to other types of tape (sham or therapeutic) and/or no tape, 3) measured some construct of functional sports performance, 4) involved randomization. The PEDro scale was used to grade the risk of bias. Results Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria with PEDro scores ranging from 3 to 8 of 10 points. The sports performance abilities included: ball skills; power squats; cycling; dynamic balance; jumping (vertical and horizontal); agility; sprint speed; and distance running with 193 comparisons between KT and other tapes or no tape at a variety of timeframes after application. In total, eleven comparisons demonstrated significant effects: 2 in favor of KT, 8 in favor of Mulligan's tape, and one in favor of no tape. Conclusion There is a lack of compelling evidence to support the use of KT to enhance the sports performance abilities based on this review. Level of evidence 1a-. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kinesiotape theoretically stimulates mechanoreceptive and proprioceptive sensory pathways that in turn may modulate the neuromuscular activity and locomotor function, so alteration of activation, locomotion and/or range of motion (ROM) can be achieved. The aim of this study was to determine whether kinesiotape applied to the abdominal muscles would affect the ROM in flexion-extension (sagittal plane) in the thoracolumbar back of horses at trot. The study design was a paired experimental study, with convenient sample. Each horse was randomly placed in the control or the intervention group and then the order reversed. Eight horses trotted at their own preferred speed in hand on a straight line, 2 × 30 m. Optical motion capture was used to collect kinematic data. Paired t-tests, normality tests and 1-Sample Wilcoxon test were used to assess the effects of the kinesiotape. No statistical significance (p < 0.05) for changes in flexion-extension of the thoracolumbar back in trot was shown in this group of horses. Some changes were shown indicating individual movement strategies in response to stimuli from the kinesiotape. More research in this popular and clinically used method is needed to fully understand the reacting mechanisms in horses.

Background and objectives: Shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS) is the most common disorder among people with shoulder pain. The purpose of this case report was to investigate the effect of the combined application of balance taping using kinesiology tape and cross taping on a part-time worker with SIS. Case Report: Combined balance taping and cross taping was applied for 3 weeks (average, 16 hours per day) on a part-time worker with severe pain and a limited range of motion (ROM) in the shoulder who had visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores of 7 and 8 out of 10 for shoulder flexion and abduction, respectively, and pain and disability scores of the Shoulder Pain Disability Index (SPADI) of 37 out of 50 and 29 out of 80, respectively. After the combined application of balance taping and cross taping, the VAS pain scores for shoulder flexion and abduction decreased from 7 to 0 and from 8 to 0, respectively, and the ROM increased to a normal range. The SPADI pain score decreased from 37 to 2, and the disability score decreased from 29 to 1. Shoulder activity level also increased, and the patient was able to return to his part-time job. Conclusions: We suggest combined application of balance taping and cross taping as an effective treatment for part-time workers with SIS.

The main objective of this paper is to determine material composition, structure, and chosen mechanical and thermo-physiological comfort properties of selected kinesiology tape. The results of experiments show that kinesiology tape is a non-linear elastic and porous composite material. Warp yarns are corespun elastic yarns, while weft yarns are 100% cotton yarns. Fabric has a plain weave and its back side is equipped with an adhesive. Tensile strength of kinesiology tape ranges from 80 to 180 N depending on the tape width. In a relaxed state, porosity together with air permeability and other heat and mass transfer characteristics are mainly affected by the compact layer of adhesive on the surface of woven fabric. During tensioning, pores are expanding and therefore transfer of air and water vapor is significantly increased and at the same time heat transfer is reduced which can positively affect wearer comfort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study Design Systematic review. Introduction Prolonged hand edema can have detrimental effects on range of motion and function. There is no consensus on how best to manage traumatic subacute edema. This is the first systematic review which examines the clinical effectiveness of edema treatments on hand volume. Purpose of the Study The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the evidence of effectiveness of treatments for sub-acute hand edema. Methods A literature search of AMED, CINAHL, Embase, and OVID MEDLINE (from inception to August 2015) was undertaken. Studies were selected if they met the following inclusion criteria: randomized controlled or controlled trials in adults who have subacute swelling after a recent upper limb musculoskeletal trauma or cerebral vascular attack or after surgery. Two independent assessors rated study quality and risk of bias using the 24-point MacDermid Structured Effectiveness Quality Evaluation Scale (SEQES). Results Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. Study quality ranged from 23 to 41 out of 48 points on the SEQES. A total of 16 edema interventions were evaluated across the studies. Due to heterogeneity of the patient characteristics, interventions, and outcomes assessed, it was not possible to pool the results from all studies. Therefore, a narrative best evidence synthesis was undertaken. There is low to moderate quality evidence with limited confidence in the effect estimate to support the use of manual edema mobilization methods in conjunction with standard therapy to reduce problematic hand edema. Conclusion Manual edema mobilization techniques should be considered in conjunction with conventional therapies, in cases of excessive edema or when the edema has not responded to conventional treatment alone; however, manual edema mobilization is not advocated as a routine intervention. Level of Evidence 2b. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Prolonged exercise and joint position sense are considered aetiological risk factors for shoulder injury in overhead sports. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of a neoprene sleeve and kinesiology tape (KT) in mediating the effect of exercise on shoulder joint position sense. METHODS: 25 overhead sports participants (women - 10, men - 15) completed 30 maximal isokinetic repetitions at 120°/s of three shoulder exercise protocols: 9090 (seated 90° shoulder abduction, 90° elbow flexion), modified neutral (seated 45° shoulder abduction, 90° elbow flexion in the scapular plane) and diagonal (seated GHJ flexion, abduction, external rotation and extension, adduction and internal rotation). Absolute error in active reproduction of passive positioning was assessed pre- and post-exercise at 10°/s. This was conducted for end range internal and external rotation, and mid-range. RESULTS: A repeated measures general linear model revealed no significant main effect for gender or exercise in any test position. A main effect for support condition was observed pre-exercise in the KT condition, with JPS significantly (p < 0.01) impaired (5.30 ± 2.16°) relative to baseline control scores (4.11 ± 2.81°) in end range external rotation at the 9090 position. CONCLUSION: Results indicated that neither neoprene nor kinesio-tape were more effective in limiting the effects of exercise on joint position sense (JPS). Healthy, un-injured overhead athletes may not need to consider taping or supportive device, indeed KT application was observed to impair JPS in specific movements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To determine whether the bilateral application of kinesiology tape (KT) to professional footballers' ankles can improve their lower limb proprioception. Design A single blind randomised crossover study. Participants were randomly assigned to complete a proprioception test in either a taped or not taped condition first. Following a wash out period, participants were then re-tested in the alternate condition. Setting A UK Championship League Football Club, mid-season. Participants Twenty male professional football players over the age of 18, currently match fit with no injuries. Outcome measure Proprioception was assessed by participants undertaking the moving target program on the balance module attached to a Kin-Com 125AP isokinetic dynamometer. A paired sample two tailed t -test was used to assess whether there was a significant difference between the participants test scores in the not taped and taped conditions. Results The bilateral application of KT to professional footballers' ankles did not bring about a significant change in participants' scores when tested with a fine movement and balance control test. Percentage accuracy score mean difference 4.2 (p = 0.285). Conclusion The results of this study do not support the use of KT when applied to the ankles of healthy footballers as a method of improving proprioception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]