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1. Deposition, exhumation, and paleoclimate of an ancient lake deposit, Gale crater, Mars

Author

Grotzinger, JP, Gupta, S, Malin, MC, Rubin, DM, Schieber, J, Siebach, K, Sumner, DY, Stack, KM, Vasavada, AR, Arvidson, RE, Calef, F, Edgar, L, Fischer, WF, Grant, JA, Griffes, J, Kah, LC, Lamb, MP, Lewis, KW, Mangold, N, Minitti, ME, Palucis, M, Rice, M, Williams, RME, Yingst, RA, Blake, D, Blaney, D, Conrad, P, Crisp, J, Dietrich, WE, Dromart, G, Edgett, KS, Ewing, RC, Gellert, R, Hurowitz, JA, Kocurek, G, Mahaffy, P, McBride, MJ, McLennan, SM, Mischna, M, Ming, D, Milliken, R, Newsom, H, Oehler, D, Parker, TJ, Vaniman, D, Wiens, RC, and Wilson, SA

Subjects
Climate, Exhumation, Lakes, Mars, Paleontology, General Science & Technology
Abstract

The landforms of northern Gale crater on Mars expose thick sequences of sedimentary rocks. Based on images obtained by the Curiosity rover, we interpret these outcrops as evidence for past fluvial, deltaic, and lacustrine environments. Degradation of the crater wall and rim probably supplied these sediments, which advanced inward from the wall, infilling both the crater and an internal lake basin to a thickness of at least 75 meters. This intracrater lake system probably existed intermittently for thousands to millions of years, implying a relatively wet climate that supplied moisture to the crater rim and transported sediment via streams into the lake basin. The deposits in Gale crater were then exhumed, probably by wind-driven erosion, creating Aeolis Mons (Mount Sharp).

Published
2015

5. A Habitable Fluvio-Lacustrine Environment at Yellowknife Bay, Gale Crater, Mars

Author

Grotzinger, JP, Sumner, DY, Kah, LC, Stack, K, Gupta, S, Edgar, L, Rubin, D, Lewis, K, Schieber, J, Mangold, N, Milliken, R, Conrad, PG, DesMarais, D, Farmer, J, Siebach, K, Calef, F, Hurowitz, J, McLennan, SM, Ming, D, Vaniman, D, Crisp, J, Vasavada, A, Edgett, KS, Malin, M, Blake, D, Gellert, R, Mahaffy, P, Wiens, RC, Maurice, S, Grant, JA, Wilson, S, Anderson, RC, Beegle, L, Arvidson, R, Hallet, B, Sletten, RS, Rice, M, Bell, J, Griffes, J, Ehlmann, B, Anderson, RB, Bristow, TF, Dietrich, WE, Dromart, G, Eigenbrode, J, Fraeman, A, Hardgrove, C, Herkenhoff, K, Jandura, L, Kocurek, G, Lee, S, Leshin, LA, Leveille, R, Limonadi, D, Maki, J, McCloskey, S, Meyer, M, Minitti, M, Newsom, H, Oehler, D, Okon, A, Palucis, M, Parker, T, Rowland, S, Schmidt, M, Squyres, S, Steele, A, Stolper, E, Summons, R, Treiman, A, Williams, R, Yingst, A, Team, MSL Science, Kemppinen, Osku, Bridges, Nathan, Johnson, Jeffrey R, Cremers, David, Godber, Austin, Wadhwa, Meenakshi, Wellington, Danika, McEwan, Ian, Newman, Claire, Richardson, Mark, Charpentier, Antoine, Peret, Laurent, King, Penelope, Blank, Jennifer, Weigle, Gerald, Li, Shuai, Robertson, Kevin, Sun, Vivian, Baker, Michael, Edwards, Christopher, Farley, Kenneth, Miller, Hayden, Newcombe, Megan, Pilorget, Cedric, Brunet, Claude, Hipkin, Victoria, and Léveillé, Richard

Subjects
Bays, Carbon, Exobiology, Extraterrestrial Environment, Geologic Sediments, Hydrogen, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Iron, Mars, Nitrogen, Oxidation-Reduction, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Salinity, Sulfur, Water, MSL Science Team, General Science & Technology
Abstract

The Curiosity rover discovered fine-grained sedimentary rocks, which are inferred to represent an ancient lake and preserve evidence of an environment that would have been suited to support a martian biosphere founded on chemolithoautotrophy. This aqueous environment was characterized by neutral pH, low salinity, and variable redox states of both iron and sulfur species. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and phosphorus were measured directly as key biogenic elements; by inference, phosphorus is assumed to have been available. The environment probably had a minimum duration of hundreds to tens of thousands of years. These results highlight the biological viability of fluvial-lacustrine environments in the post-Noachian history of Mars.

Published
2014

6. A Habitable Fluvio-Lacustrine Environment at Yellowknife Bay, Gale Crater, Mars

Author

MSL Science Team, Grotzinger, J. P., Sumner, D. Y., Kah, L. C., Stack, K., Gupta, S., Edgar, L., Rubin, D., Lewis, K., Schieber, J., Mangold, N., Milliken, R., Conrad, P. G., DesMarais, D., Farmer, J., Siebach, K., Calef, F., Hurowitz, J., McLennan, S. M., Ming, D., Vaniman, D., Crisp, J., Vasavada, A., Edgett, K. S., Malin, M., Blake, D., Gellert, R., Mahaffy, P., Wiens, R. C., Maurice, S., Grant, J. A., Wilson, S., Anderson, R. C., Beegle, L., Arvidson, R., Hallet, B., Sletten, R. S., Rice, M., Bell, J., Griffes, J., Ehlmann, B., Anderson, R. B., Bristow, T. F., Dietrich, W. E., Dromart, G., Eigenbrode, J., Fraeman, A., Hardgrove, C., Herkenhoff, K., Jandura, L., Kocurek, G., Lee, S., Leshin, L. A., Leveille, R., Limonadi, D., Maki, J., McCloskey, S., Meyer, M., Minitti, M., Newsom, H., Oehler, D., Okon, A., Palucis, M., Parker, T., Rowland, S., Schmidt, M., Squyres, S., Steele, A., Stolper, E., Summons, R., Treiman, A., Williams, R., and Yingst, A.

Published
2014

7. Curiosity at Gale Crater, Mars: Characterization and Analysis of the Rocknest Sand Shadow

Author

Blake, D. F., Morris, R. V., Kocurek, G., Morrison, S. M., Downs, R. T., Bish, D., Ming, D. W., Edgett, K. S., Rubin, D., Goetz, W., Madsen, M. B., Sullivan, R., Gellert, R., Campbell, I., Treiman, A. H., McLennan, S. M., Yen, A. S., Grotzinger, J., Vaniman, D. T., Chipera, S. J., Achilles, C. N., Rampe, E. B., Sumner, D., Meslin, P.-Y., Maurice, S., Forni, O., Gasnault, O., Fisk, M., Schmidt, M., Mahaffy, P., Leshin, L. A., Glavin, D., Steele, A., Freissinet, C., Navarro-González, R., Yingst, R. A., Kah, L. C., Bridges, N., Lewis, K. W., Bristow, T. F., Farmer, J. D., Crisp, J. A., Stolper, E. M., Des Marais, D. J., and Sarrazin, P.

Published
2013
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10. MARTIAN GEOLOGY: Deposition, exhumation, and paleoclimate of an ancient lake deposit, Gale crater, Mars

Author

Grotzinger, J. P., Gupta, S., Malin, M. C., Rubin, D. M., Schieber, J., Siebach, K., Sumner, D. Y., Stack, K. M., Vasavada, A. R., Arvidson, R. E., III, Calef F., Edgar, L., Fischer, W. F., Grant, J. A., Griffes, J., Kah, L. C., Lamb, M. P., Lewis, K. W., Mangold, N., Minitti, M. E., Palucis, M., Rice, M., Williams, R. M. E., Yingst, R. A., Blake, D., Blaney, D., Conrad, P., Crisp, J., Dietrich, W. E., Dromart, G., Edgett, K. S., Ewing, R. C., Gellert, R., Hurowitz, J. A., Kocurek, G., Mahaffy, P., McBride, M. J., McLennan, S. M., Mischna, M., Ming, D., Milliken, R., Newsom, H., Oehler, D., Parker, T. J., Vaniman, D., Wiens, R. C., and Wilson, S. A.

Published
2015
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11. Bedform spacing from defect dynamics

Author

Werner, B.T. and Kocurek, G.

Subjects
Hydrodynamics -- Models, Fluid mechanics -- Models, Sedimentary structures -- Models, Sand waves -- Research, Bedforms, Earth sciences
Abstract

Spacing is a time-varying characteristic of bedform fields deriving from the behavior of defects (ends of crest lines) in the bedform pattern. In a model based on this hypothesis, crest line length is lost and spacing increases because bedform defects, which are smaller in height and faster migrating than surrounding bedform crest lines, merge with larger bedforms as defects migrate through bedform fields. Spacing in large bedform fields asymptotically increases with the logarithm of time as pairs of oppositely facing defects meet and annihilate. Spacing in small bedform fields, such as flumes, exponentially approaches a fixed value as defects are eliminated at the boundaries of the field. Model predictions are compatible with observed spacing of transverse bedforms, ripples formed under waves and linear dunes, calling into question the widespread assumption that bedform spacing approaches a steady-state value characteristic of fluid flow and sediment transport over two-dimensional bedforms.

Published
1999

12. Bed-form dynamics: does the tail wag the dog?

Author

Werner, B.T. and Kocurek, G.

Subjects
Eolian processes -- Usage, Sand dunes -- Research, Slopes (Physical geography) -- Analysis, Earth sciences
Abstract

Bed-form patterns reflect the dynamics of the defects in the pattern. From this new hypothesis, the differential migration of defects within a field of bed forms determines how crestline orientation responds to changing transport conditions. Predictions from a model for defect dynamics compare well to field measurements and computer simulations of bed-form orientation. This model permits quantification of the time for bed-form reorientation across a broad range of scales, from hours in the rapidly changing nearshore environment to thousands of years for linear dune fields.

Published
1997

15. Martian fluvial conglomerates at gale crater

Author

Williams, R. M. E., Grotzinger, J. P., Dietrich, W. E., Gupta, S., Sumner, D. Y., Wiens, R. C., Mangold, N., Malin, M. C., Edgett, K. S., Maurice, S., Forni, O., Gasnault, O., Ollila, A., Newsom, H. E., Dromart, G., Palucis, M. C., Yingst, R. A., Anderson, R. B., Herkenhoff, K. E., Le Mouelic, S., Goetz, W., Madsen, M. B., Koefoed, A., Jensen, J. K., Bridges, J. C., Schwenzer, S. P., Lewis, K. W., Stack, K. M., Rubin, D., Kah, L. C., Bell, J. F., Farmer, J. D., Sullivan, R., Van Beek, T., Blaney, D. L., Pariser, O., Deen, R. G., Kemppinen, O., Bridges, N., Johnson, J. R., Minitti, M., Cremers, D., Edgar, L., Godber, A., Wadhwa, M., Wellington, D., McEwan, I., Newman, C., Richardson, M., Charpentier, A., Peret, L., King, P., Blank, J., Weigle, G., Schmidt, M., Li, S., Milliken, R., Robertson, K., Sun, V., Baker, M., Edwards, C., Ehlmann, B., Farley, K., Griffes, J., Miller, H., Newcombe, M., Pilorget, C., Rice, M., Siebach, K., Stolper, E., Brunet, C., Hipkin, V., Leveille, R., Marchand, G., Sobron Sanchez, P., Favot, L., Cody, G., Steele, A., Fluckiger, L., Lees, D., Nefian, A., Martin, M., Gailhanou, M., Westall, F., Israel, G., Agard, C., Baroukh, J., Donny, C., Gaboriaud, A., Guillemot, P., Lafaille, V., Lorigny, E., Paillet, A., Perez, R., Saccoccio, M., Yana, C., Aparicio, C. A., Caride Rodriguez, J., Carrasco Blazquez, I., Gomez Gomez, F., Elvira, J. G., Hettrich, S., Lepinette Malvitte, A., Marin Jimenez, M., Frias, J. M., Soler, J. M., Torres, F. J. M., Molina Jurado, A., Sotomayor, L. M., Munoz Caro, G., Navarro Lopez, S., Gonzalez, V. P., Garcia, J. P., Rodriguez Manfredi, J. A., Planello, J. J. R., Alejandra Sans Fuentes, S., Sebastian Martinez, E., Torres Redondo, J., O'Callaghan, R. U., Zorzano Mier, M.-P., Chipera, S., Lacour, J.-L., Mauchien, P., Sirven, J.-B., Manning, H., Fairen, A., Hayes, A., Joseph, J., Squyres, S., Thomas, P., Dupont, A., Lundberg, A., Melikechi, N., Mezzacappa, A., DeMarines, J., Grinspoon, D., Reitz, G., Prats, B., Atlaskin, E., Genzer, M., Harri, A.-M., Haukka, H., Kahanpaa, H., Kauhanen, J., Paton, M., Polkko, J., Schmidt, W., Siili, T., Fabre, C., Wray, J., Wilhelm, M. B., Poitrasson, F., Patel, K., Gorevan, S., Indyk, S., Paulsen, G., Bish, D., Schieber, J., Gondet, B., Langevin, Y., Geffroy, C., Baratoux, D., Berger, G., Cros, A., Uston, C. d., Lasue, J., Lee, Q.-M., Meslin, P.-Y., Pallier, E., Parot, Y., Pinet, P., Schroder, S., Toplis, M., Lewin, E., Brunner, W., Heydari, E., Achilles, C., Oehler, D., Sutter, B., Cabane, M., Coscia, D., Szopa, C., Robert, F., Sautter, V., Nachon, M., Buch, A., Stalport, F., Coll, P., Francois, P., Raulin, F., Teinturier, S., Cameron, J., Clegg, S., Cousin, A., DeLapp, D., Dingler, R., Jackson, R. S., Johnstone, S., Lanza, N., Little, C., Nelson, T., Williams, R. B., Jones, A., Kirkland, L., Treiman, A., Baker, B., Cantor, B., Caplinger, M., Davis, S., Duston, B., Fay, D., Hardgrove, C., Harker, D., Herrera, P., Jensen, E., Kennedy, M. R., Krezoski, G., Krysak, D., Lipkaman, L., McCartney, E., McNair, S., Nixon, B., Posiolova, L., Ravine, M., Salamon, A., Saper, L., Stoiber, K., Supulver, K., Van Beek, J., Zimdar, R., French, K. L., Iagnemma, K., Miller, K., Summons, R., Goesmann, F., Hviid, S., Johnson, M., Lefavor, M., Lyness, E., Breves, E., Dyar, M. D., Fassett, C., Blake, D. F., Bristow, T., DesMarais, D., Edwards, L., Haberle, R., Hoehler, T., Hollingsworth, J., Kahre, M., Keely, L., McKay, C., Bleacher, L., Brinckerhoff, W., Choi, D., Conrad, P., Dworkin, J. P., Eigenbrode, J., Floyd, M., Freissinet, C., Garvin, J., Glavin, D., Harpold, D., Mahaffy, P., Martin, D. K., McAdam, A., Pavlov, A., Raaen, E., Smith, M. D., Stern, J., Tan, F., Trainer, M., Meyer, M., Posner, A., Voytek, M., Anderson, R. C., Aubrey, A., Beegle, L. W., Behar, A., Brinza, D., Calef, F., Christensen, L., Crisp, J. A., DeFlores, L., Feldman, J., Feldman, S., Flesch, G., Hurowitz, J., Jun, I., Keymeulen, D., Maki, J., Mischna, M., Morookian, J. M., Parker, T., Pavri, B., Schoppers, M., Sengstacken, A., Simmonds, J. J., Spanovich, N., de la Torre Juarez, M., Vasavada, A. R., Webster, C. R., Yen, A., Archer, P. D., Cucinotta, F., Jones, J. H., Ming, D., Morris, R. V., Niles, P., Rampe, E., Nolan, T., Fisk, M., Radziemski, L., Barraclough, B., Bender, S., Berman, D., Dobrea, E. N., Tokar, R., Vaniman, D., Leshin, L., Cleghorn, T., Huntress, W., Manhes, G., Hudgins, J., Olson, T., Stewart, N., Sarrazin, P., Grant, J., Vicenzi, E., Wilson, S. A., Bullock, M., Ehresmann, B., Hamilton, V., Hassler, D., Peterson, J., Rafkin, S., Zeitlin, C., Fedosov, F., Golovin, D., Karpushkina, N., Kozyrev, A., Litvak, M., Malakhov, A., Mitrofanov, I., Mokrousov, M., Nikiforov, S., Prokhorov, V., Sanin, A., Tretyakov, V., Varenikov, A., Vostrukhin, A., Kuzmin, R., Clark, B., Wolff, M., McLennan, S., Botta, O., Drake, D., Bean, K., Lemmon, M., Lee, E. M., Sucharski, R., Hernandez, M. A. d. P., Blanco Avalos, J. J., Ramos, M., Kim, M.-H., Malespin, C., Plante, I., Muller, J.-P., Gonzalez, R. N., Ewing, R., Boynton, W., Downs, R., Fitzgibbon, M., Harshman, K., Morrison, S., Kortmann, O., Williams, A., Lugmair, G., Wilson, M. A., Jakosky, B., Zunic, T. B., Frydenvang, J., Kinch, K., Stipp, S. L. S., Boyd, N., Campbell, J. L., Gellert, R., Perrett, G., Pradler, I., VanBommel, S., Jacob, S., Owen, T., Rowland, S., Savijarvi, H., Boehm, E., Bottcher, S., Burmeister, S., Guo, J., Kohler, J., Garcia, C. M., Mellin, R. M., Schweingruber, R. W., McConnochie, T., Benna, M., Franz, H., Bower, H., Brunner, A., Blau, H., Boucher, T., Carmosino, M., Atreya, S., Elliott, H., Halleaux, D., Renno, N., Wong, M., Pepin, R., Elliott, B., Spray, J., Thompson, L., Gordon, S., Williams, J., Vasconcelos, P., Bentz, J., Nealson, K., Popa, R., Moersch, J., Tate, C., Day, M., Kocurek, G., Hallet, B., Sletten, R., Francis, R., McCullough, E., Cloutis, E., ten Kate, I. L., Arvidson, R., Fraeman, A., Scholes, D., Slavney, S., Stein, T., Ward, J., Berger, J., Moores, J. E., NWO-NSO: The role of perchlorates in the preservation of organic compounds on Mars, Petrology, GeoRessources, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)

Subjects
MSL Mars Gale Crater Fluvial Activity, Martian, Multidisciplinary, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Outcrop, Curiosity rover, Geochemistry, Mars, Sediment, Fluvial, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Mars Exploration Program, 01 natural sciences, Abrasion (geology), martian fluvial conglomerates, 13. Climate action, Rocknest, 0103 physical sciences, MSL, Sedimentary rock, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Going to Mars The Mars Science Laboratory spacecraft containing the Curiosity rover, was launched from Earth in November 2011 and arrived at Gale crater on Mars in August 2012. Zeitlin et al. (p. 1080 ) report measurements of the energetic particle radiation environment inside the spacecraft during its cruise to Mars, confirming the hazard likely to be posed by this radiation to astronauts on a future potential trip to Mars. Williams et al. (p. 1068 , see the Perspective by Jerolmack ) report the detection of sedimentary conglomerates (pebbles mixed with sand and turned to rock) at Gale crater. The rounding of the rocks suggests abrasion of the pebbles as they were transported by flowing water several kilometers or more from their source.

Published
2013
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16. Abundance and isotopic composition of gases in the martian atmosphere from the Curiosity rover

Author

Mahaffy, P. R., Webster, C. R., Atreya, S. K., Franz, H., Wong, M., Conrad, P. G., Harpold, D., Jones, J. J., Leshin, L. A., Manning, H., Owen, T., Pepin, R. O., Squyres, S., Trainer, M., Kemppinen, O., Bridges, N., Johnson, J. R., Minitti, M., Cremers, D., Bell, J. F., Edgar, L., Farmer, J., Godber, A., Wadhwa, M., Wellington, D., McEwan, I., Newman, C., Richardson, M., Charpentier, A., Peret, L., King, P., Blank, J., Weigle, G., Schmidt, M., Li, S., Milliken, R., Robertson, K., Sun, V., Baker, M., Edwards, C., Ehlmann, B., Farley, K., Griffes, J., Grotzinger, J., Miller, H., Newcombe, M., Pilorget, C., Rice, M., Siebach, K., Stack, K., Stolper, E., Brunet, C., Hipkin, V., Leveille, R., Marchand, G., Sanchez, P. S., Favot, L., Cody, G., Steele, A., Fluckiger, L., Lees, D., Nefian, A., Martin, M., Gailhanou, M., Westall, F., Israel, G., Agard, C., Baroukh, J., Donny, C., Gaboriaud, A., Guillemot, P., Lafaille, V., Lorigny, E., Paillet, A., Perez, R., Saccoccio, M., Yana, C., Armiens-Aparicio, C., Rodriguez, J. C., Blazquez, I. C., Gomez, F. G., Gomez-Elvira, J., Hettrich, S., Malvitte, A. L., Jimenez, M. M., Martinez-Frias, J., Martin-Soler, J., Martin-Torres, F. J., Jurado, A. M., Mora-Sotomayor, L., Caro, G. M., Lopez, S. N., Peinado-Gonzalez, V., Pla-Garcia, J., Manfredi, J. A. R., Romeral-Planello, J. J., Fuentes, S. A. S., Martinez, E. S., Redondo, J. T., Urqui-O'Callaghan, R., Mier, M.-P. Z., Chipera, S., Lacour, J.-L., Mauchien, P., Sirven, J.-B., Fairen, A., Hayes, A., Joseph, J., Sullivan, R., Thomas, P., Dupont, A., Lundberg, A., Melikechi, N., Mezzacappa, A., DeMarines, J., Grinspoon, D., Reitz, G., Prats, B., Atlaskin, E., Genzer, M., Harri, A.-M., Haukka, H., Kahanpaa, H., Kauhanen, J., Paton, M., Polkko, J., Schmidt, W., Siili, T., Fabre, C., Wray, J., Wilhelm, M. B., Poitrasson, F., Patel, K., Gorevan, S., Indyk, S., Paulsen, G., Gupta, S., Bish, D., Schieber, J., Gondet, B., Langevin, Y., Geffroy, C., Baratoux, D., Berger, G., Cros, A., d'Uston, C., Forni, O., Gasnault, O., Lasue, J., Lee, Q.-M., Maurice, S., Meslin, P.-Y., Pallier, E., Parot, Y., Pinet, P., Schroder, S., Toplis, M., Lewin, E., Brunner, W., Heydari, E., Achilles, C., Oehler, D., Sutter, B., Cabane, M., Coscia, D., Szopa, C., Dromart, G., Robert, F., Sautter, V., Le Mouelic, S., Mangold, N., Nachon, M., Buch, A., Stalport, F., Coll, P., Francois, P., Raulin, F., Teinturier, S., Cameron, J., Clegg, S., Cousin, A., DeLapp, D., Dingler, R., Jackson, R. S., Johnstone, S., Lanza, N., Little, C., Nelson, T., Wiens, R. C., Williams, R. B., Jones, A., Kirkland, L., Treiman, A., Baker, B., Cantor, B., Caplinger, M., Davis, S., Duston, B., Edgett, K., Fay, D., Hardgrove, C., Harker, D., Herrera, P., Jensen, E., Kennedy, M. R., Krezoski, G., Krysak, D., Lipkaman, L., Malin, M., McCartney, E., McNair, S., Nixon, B., Posiolova, L., Ravine, M., Salamon, A., Saper, L., Stoiber, K., Supulver, K., Van Beek, J., Van Beek, T., Zimdar, R., French, K. L., Iagnemma, K., Miller, K., Summons, R., Goesmann, F., Goetz, W., Hviid, S., Johnson, M., Lefavor, M., Lyness, E., Breves, E., Dyar, M. D., Fassett, C., Blake, D. F., Bristow, T., DesMarais, D., Edwards, L., Haberle, R., Hoehler, T., Hollingsworth, J., Kahre, M., Keely, L., McKay, C., Bleacher, L., Brinckerhoff, W., Choi, D., Dworkin, J. P., Eigenbrode, J., Floyd, M., Freissinet, C., Garvin, J., Glavin, D., Martin, D. K., McAdam, A., Pavlov, A., Raaen, E., Smith, M. D., Stern, J., Tan, F., Meyer, M., Posner, A., Voytek, M., Anderson, R. C., Aubrey, A., Beegle, L. W., Behar, A., Blaney, D., Brinza, D., Calef, F., Christensen, L., Crisp, J. A., DeFlores, L., Feldman, J., Feldman, S., Flesch, G., Hurowitz, J., Jun, I., Keymeulen, D., Maki, J., Mischna, M., Morookian, J. M., Parker, T., Pavri, B., Schoppers, M., Sengstacken, A., Simmonds, J. J., Spanovich, N., Juarez, M. d. l. T., Vasavada, A. R., Yen, A., Archer, P. D., Cucinotta, F., Ming, D., Morris, R. V., Niles, P., Rampe, E., Nolan, T., Fisk, M., Radziemski, L., Barraclough, B., Bender, S., Berman, D., Dobrea, E. N., Tokar, R., Vaniman, D., Williams, R. M. E., Yingst, A., Lewis, K., Cleghorn, T., Huntress, W., Manhes, G., Hudgins, J., Olson, T., Stewart, N., Sarrazin, P., Grant, J., Vicenzi, E., Wilson, S. A., Bullock, M., Ehresmann, B., Hamilton, V., Hassler, D., Peterson, J., Rafkin, S., Zeitlin, C., Fedosov, F., Golovin, D., Karpushkina, N., Kozyrev, A., Litvak, M., Malakhov, A., Mitrofanov, I., Mokrousov, M., Nikiforov, S., Prokhorov, V., Sanin, A., Tretyakov, V., Varenikov, A., Vostrukhin, A., Kuzmin, R., Clark, B., Wolff, M., McLennan, S., Botta, O., Drake, D., Bean, K., Lemmon, M., Schwenzer, S. P., Anderson, R. B., Herkenhoff, K., Lee, E. M., Sucharski, R., Hernandez, M. A. d. P., Avalos, J. J. B., Ramos, M., Kim, M.-H., Malespin, C., Plante, I., Muller, J.-P., Navarro-Gonzalez, R., Ewing, R., Boynton, W., Downs, R., Fitzgibbon, M., Harshman, K., Morrison, S., Dietrich, W., Kortmann, O., Palucis, M., Sumner, D. Y., Williams, A., Lugmair, G., Wilson, M. A., Rubin, D., Jakosky, B., Balic-Zunic, T., Frydenvang, J., Jensen, J. K., Kinch, K., Koefoed, A., Madsen, M. B., Stipp, S. L. S., Boyd, N., Campbell, J. L., Gellert, R., Perrett, G., Pradler, I., VanBommel, S., Jacob, S., Rowland, S., Savijarvi, H., Boehm, E., Bottcher, S., Burmeister, S., Guo, J., Kohler, J., Garcia, C. M., Mueller-Mellin, R., Wimmer-Schweingruber, R., Bridges, J. C., McConnochie, T., Benna, M., Bower, H., Brunner, A., Blau, H., Boucher, T., Carmosino, M., Elliott, H., Halleaux, D., Renno, N., Elliott, B., Spray, J., Thompson, L., Gordon, S., Newsom, H., Ollila, A., Williams, J., Vasconcelos, P., Bentz, J., Nealson, K., Popa, R., Kah, L. C., Moersch, J., Tate, C., Day, M., Kocurek, G., Hallet, B., Sletten, R., Francis, R., McCullough, E., Cloutis, E., ten Kate, I. L., Arvidson, R., Fraeman, A., Scholes, D., Slavney, S., Stein, T., Ward, J., Berger, J., Moores, J. E., GeoRessources, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MSL Science Team, NWO-NSO: The role of perchlorates in the preservation of organic compounds on Mars, and Petrology

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Curiosity rover, chemistry.chemical_element, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Mars, MSL Mars Atmosphere Isotopis Composition, martian atmosphere, 01 natural sciences, Astrobiology, Isotopic signature, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0103 physical sciences, MSL, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Martian, Multidisciplinary, δ13C, Atmosphere of Mars, Nitrogen, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Sample Analysis at Mars, Carbon dioxide, Environmental science, Carbon monoxide
Abstract

Mars' Atmosphere from Curiosity The Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument on the Curiosity rover that landed on Mars in August last year is designed to study the chemical and isotopic composition of the martian atmosphere. Mahaffy et al. (p. 263 ) present volume-mixing ratios of Mars' five major atmospheric constituents (CO 2 , Ar, N 2 , O 2 , and CO) and isotope measurements of 40 Ar/ 36 Ar and C and O in CO 2 , based on data from one of SAM's instruments, obtained between 31 August and 21 November 2012. Webster et al. (p. 260 ) used data from another of SAM's instruments obtained around the same period to determine isotope ratios of H, C, and O in atmospheric CO 2 and H 2 O. Agreement between the isotopic ratios measured by SAM with those of martian meteorites, measured in laboratories on Earth, confirms the origin of these meteorites and implies that the current atmospheric reservoirs of CO 2 and H 2 O were largely established after the period of early atmospheric loss some 4 billion years ago.

Published
2013
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17. The Petrochemistry of Jake_M: A Martian Mugearite

Author

Stolper, E. M., Baker, M. B., Newcombe, M. E., Schmidt, M. E., Treiman, A. H., Cousin, A., Dyar, M. D., Fisk, M. R., Gellert, R., King, P. L., Leshin, L., Maurice, S., McLennan, S. M., Minitti, M. E., Perrett, G., Rowland, S., Sautter, V., Wiens, R. C., Kemppinen, O., Bridges, N., Johnson, J. R., Cremers, D., Bell, J. F., Edgar, L., Farmer, J., Godber, A., Wadhwa, M., Wellington, D., McEwan, I., Newman, C., Richardson, M., Charpentier, A., Peret, L., Blank, J., Weigle, G., Li, S., Milliken, R., Robertson, K., Sun, V., Edwards, C., Ehlmann, B., Farley, K., Griffes, J., Grotzinger, J., Miller, H., Pilorget, C., Rice, M., Siebach, K., Stack, K., Brunet, C., Hipkin, V., Leveille, R., Marchand, G., Sanchez, P. S., Favot, L., Cody, G., Steele, A., Fluckiger, L., Lees, D., Nefian, A., Martin, M., Gailhanou, M., Westall, F., Israel, G., Agard, C., Baroukh, J., Donny, C., Gaboriaud, A., Guillemot, P., Lafaille, V., Lorigny, E., Paillet, A., Perez, R., Saccoccio, M., Yana, C., Armiens-Aparicio, C., Rodriguez, J. C., Blazquez, I. C., Gomez, F. G., Gomez-Elvira, J., Hettrich, S., Malvitte, A. L., Jimenez, M. M., Martinez-Frias, J., Martin-Soler, J., Martin-Torres, F. J., Jurado, A. M., Mora-Sotomayor, L., Caro, G. M., Lopez, S. N., Peinado-Gonzalez, V., Pla-Garcia, J., Manfredi, J. A. R., Romeral-Planello, J. J., Fuentes, S. A. S., Martinez, E. S., Redondo, J. T., Urqui-O'Callaghan, R., Mier, M.-P. Z., Chipera, S., Lacour, J.-L., Mauchien, P., Sirven, J.-B., Manning, H., Fairen, A., Hayes, A., Joseph, J., Squyres, S., Sullivan, R., Thomas, P., Dupont, A., Lundberg, A., Melikechi, N., Mezzacappa, A., DeMarines, J., Grinspoon, D., Reitz, G., Prats, B., Atlaskin, E., Genzer, M., Harri, A.-M., Haukka, H., Kahanpaa, H., Kauhanen, J., Paton, M., Polkko, J., Schmidt, W., Siili, T., Fabre, C., Wray, J., Wilhelm, M. B., Poitrasson, F., Patel, K., Gorevan, S., Indyk, S., Paulsen, G., Gupta, S., Bish, D., Schieber, J., Gondet, B., Langevin, Y., Geffroy, C., Baratoux, D., Berger, G., Cros, A., d'Uston, C., Forni, O., Gasnault, O., Lasue, J., Lee, Q.-M., Meslin, P.-Y., Pallier, E., Parot, Y., Pinet, P., Schroder, S., Toplis, M., Lewin, E., Brunner, W., Heydari, E., Achilles, C., Oehler, D., Sutter, B., Cabane, M., Coscia, D., Szopa, C., Teinturier, S., Dromart, G., Robert, F., Le Mouelic, S., Mangold, N., Nachon, M., Buch, A., Stalport, F., Coll, P., Francois, P., Raulin, F., Cameron, J., Clegg, S., DeLapp, D., Dingler, R., Jackson, R. S., Johnstone, S., Lanza, N., Little, C., Nelson, T., Williams, R. B., Kirkland, L., Baker, B., Cantor, B., Caplinger, M., Davis, S., Duston, B., Edgett, K., Fay, D., Hardgrove, C., Harker, D., Herrera, P., Jensen, E., Kennedy, M. R., Krezoski, G., Krysak, D., Lipkaman, L., Malin, M., McCartney, E., McNair, S., Nixon, B., Posiolova, L., Ravine, M., Salamon, A., Saper, L., Stoiber, K., Supulver, K., Van Beek, J., Van Beek, T., Zimdar, R., French, K. L., Iagnemma, K., Miller, K., Summons, R., Goesmann, F., Goetz, W., Hviid, S., Johnson, M., Lefavor, M., Lyness, E., Breves, E., Fassett, C., Blake, D. F., Bristow, T., DesMarais, D., Edwards, L., Haberle, R., Hoehler, T., Hollingsworth, J., Kahre, M., Keely, L., McKay, C., Bleacher, L., Brinckerhoff, W., Choi, D., Conrad, P., Dworkin, J. P., Eigenbrode, J., Floyd, M., Freissinet, C., Garvin, J., Glavin, D., Harpold, D., Mahaffy, P., Martin, D. K., McAdam, A., Pavlov, A., Raaen, E., Smith, M. D., Stern, J., Tan, F., Trainer, M., Meyer, M., Posner, A., Voytek, M., Anderson, R. C., Aubrey, A., Beegle, L. W., Behar, A., Blaney, D., Brinza, D., Calef, F., Christensen, L., Crisp, J., DeFlores, L., Feldman, J., Feldman, S., Flesch, G., Hurowitz, J., Jun, I., Keymeulen, D., Maki, J., Mischna, M., Morookian, J. M., Parker, T., Pavri, B., Schoppers, M., Sengstacken, A., Simmonds, J. J., Spanovich, N., Juarez, M. d. l. T., Vasavada, A., Webster, C. R., Yen, A., Archer, P. D., Cucinotta, F., Jones, J. H., Ming, D., Morris, R. V., Niles, P., Rampe, E., Nolan, T., Radziemski, L., Barraclough, B., Bender, S., Berman, D., Dobrea, E. N., Tokar, R., Vaniman, D., Williams, R. M. E., Yingst, A., Lewis, K., Cleghorn, T., Huntress, W., Manhes, G., Hudgins, J., Olson, T., Stewart, N., Sarrazin, P., Grant, J., Vicenzi, E., Wilson, S. A., Bullock, M., Ehresmann, B., Hamilton, V., Hassler, D., Peterson, J., Rafkin, S., Zeitlin, C., Fedosov, F., Golovin, D., Karpushkina, N., Kozyrev, A., Litvak, M., Malakhov, A., Mitrofanov, I., Mokrousov, M., Nikiforov, S., Prokhorov, V., Sanin, A., Tretyakov, V., Varenikov, A., Vostrukhin, A., Kuzmin, R., Clark, B., Wolff, M., Botta, O., Drake, D., Bean, K., Lemmon, M., Schwenzer, S. P., Anderson, R. B., Herkenhoff, K., Lee, E. M., Sucharski, R., Hernandez, M. A. d. P., Avalos, J. J. B., Ramos, M., Jones, A., Kim, M.-H., Malespin, C., Plante, I., Muller, J.-P., Navarro-Gonzalez, R., Ewing, R., Boynton, W., Downs, R., Fitzgibbon, M., Harshman, K., Morrison, S., Dietrich, W., Kortmann, O., Palucis, M., Sumner, D. Y., Williams, A., Lugmair, G., Wilson, M. A., Rubin, D., Jakosky, B., Balic-Zunic, T., Frydenvang, J., Jensen, J. K., Kinch, K., Koefoed, A., Madsen, M. B., Stipp, S. L. S., Boyd, N., Campbell, J. L., Pradler, I., VanBommel, S., Jacob, S., Owen, T., Savijarvi, H., Boehm, E., Bottcher, S., Burmeister, S., Guo, J., Kohler, J., Garcia, C. M., Mueller-Mellin, R., Wimmer-Schweingruber, R., Bridges, J. C., McConnochie, T., Benna, M., Franz, H., Bower, H., Brunner, A., Blau, H., Boucher, T., Carmosino, M., Atreya, S., Elliott, H., Halleaux, D., Renno, N., Wong, M., Pepin, R., Elliott, B., Spray, J., Thompson, L., Gordon, S., Newsom, H., Ollila, A., Williams, J., Vasconcelos, P., Bentz, J., Nealson, K., Popa, R., Kah, L. C., Moersch, J., Tate, C., Day, M., Kocurek, G., Hallet, B., Sletten, R., Francis, R., McCullough, E., Cloutis, E., ten Kate, I. L., Arvidson, R., Fraeman, A., Scholes, D., Slavney, S., Stein, T., Ward, J., Berger, J., Moores, J. E., GeoRessources, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Earth Sciences [St. Catharines], Brock University [Canada], Lunar and Planetary Institute [Houston] (LPI), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mount Holyoke College, Oregon State University (OSU), University of Guelph, Research School of Earth Sciences [Canberra] (RSES), Australian National University (ANU), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), State University of New York (SUNY), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), University of Hawaii, Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MSL Science Team, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Curiosity rover, Geochemistry, Mars, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Jake_M: a martian mugearite, chemistry.chemical_compound, Nepheline, MSL, Chemical composition, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Martian, Phonolite, Multidisciplinary, Fractional crystallization (geology), petrochemistry, Igneous rock, Planetary science, MSL Mars Petrochemistry, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Petrochemistry, Geology, [SDU.STU.MI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Mineralogy
Abstract

International audience; "Jake_M," the first rock analyzed by the Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer instrument on the Curiosity rover, differs substantially in chemical composition from other known martian igneous rocks: It is alkaline (>15% normative nepheline) and relatively fractionated. Jake_M is compositionally similar to terrestrial mugearites, a rock type typically found at ocean islands and continental rifts. By analogy with these comparable terrestrial rocks, Jake_M could have been produced by extensive fractional crystallization of a primary alkaline or transitional magma at elevated pressure, with or without elevated water contents. The discovery of Jake_M suggests that alkaline magmas may be more abundant on Mars than on Earth and that Curiosity could encounter even more fractionated alkaline rocks (for example, phonolites and trachytes).

Published
2013
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18. Volatile, Isotope, and Organic Analysis of Martian Fines with the Mars Curiosity Rover

Author

Leshin, L. A., Mahaffy, P. R., Webster, C. R., Cabane, M., Coll, P., Conrad, P. G., Archer, P. D., Atreya, S. K., Brunner, A. E., Buch, A., Eigenbrode, J. L., Flesch, G. J., Franz, H. B., Freissinet, C., Glavin, D. P., McAdam, A. C., Miller, K. E., Ming, D. W., Morris, R. V., Navarro-Gonzalez, R., Niles, P. B., Owen, T., Pepin, R. O., Squyres, S., Steele, A., Stern, J. C., Summons, R. E., Sumner, D. Y., Sutter, B., Szopa, C., Teinturier, S., Trainer, M. G., Wray, J. J., Grotzinger, J. P., Kemppinen, O., Bridges, N., Johnson, J. R., Minitti, M., Cremers, D., Bell, J. F., Edgar, L., Farmer, J., Godber, A., Wadhwa, M., Wellington, D., McEwan, I., Newman, C., Richardson, M., Charpentier, A., Peret, L., King, P., Blank, J., Weigle, G., Schmidt, M., Li, S., Milliken, R., Robertson, K., Sun, V., Baker, M., Edwards, C., Ehlmann, B., Farley, K., Griffes, J., Miller, H., Newcombe, M., Pilorget, C., Rice, M., Siebach, K., Stack, K., Stolper, E., Brunet, C., Hipkin, V., Leveille, R., Marchand, G., Sanchez, P. S., Favot, L., Cody, G., Fluckiger, L., Lees, D., Nefian, A., Martin, M., Gailhanou, M., Westall, F., Israel, G., Agard, C., Baroukh, J., Donny, C., Gaboriaud, A., Guillemot, P., Lafaille, V., Lorigny, E., Paillet, A., Perez, R., Saccoccio, M., Yana, C., Armiens-Aparicio, C., Rodriguez, J. C., Blazquez, I. C., Gomez, F. G., Gomez-Elvira, J., Hettrich, S., Malvitte, A. L., Jimenez, M. M., Martinez-Frias, J., Martin-Soler, J., Martin-Torres, F. J., Jurado, A. M., Mora-Sotomayor, L., Caro, G. M., Lopez, S. N., Peinado-Gonzalez, V., Pla-Garcia, J., Manfredi, J. A. R., Romeral-Planello, J. J., Fuentes, S. A. S., Martinez, E. S., Redondo, J. T., Urqui-O'Callaghan, R., Mier, M.-P. Z., Chipera, S., Lacour, J.-L., Mauchien, P., Sirven, J.-B., Manning, H., Fairen, A., Hayes, A., Joseph, J., Sullivan, R., Thomas, P., Dupont, A., Lundberg, A., Melikechi, N., Mezzacappa, A., DeMarines, J., Grinspoon, D., Reitz, G., Prats, B., Atlaskin, E., Genzer, M., Harri, A.-M., Haukka, H., Kahanpaa, H., Kauhanen, J., Paton, M., Polkko, J., Schmidt, W., Siili, T., Fabre, C., Wilhelm, M. B., Poitrasson, F., Patel, K., Gorevan, S., Indyk, S., Paulsen, G., Gupta, S., Bish, D., Schieber, J., Gondet, B., Langevin, Y., Geffroy, C., Baratoux, D., Berger, G., Cros, A., d'Uston, C., Forni, O., Gasnault, O., Lasue, J., Lee, Q.-M., Maurice, S., Meslin, P.-Y., Pallier, E., Parot, Y., Pinet, P., Schroder, S., Toplis, M., Lewin, E., Brunner, W., Heydari, E., Achilles, C., Oehler, D., Coscia, D., Dromart, G., Robert, F., Sautter, V., Le Mouelic, S., Mangold, N., Nachon, M., Stalport, F., Francois, P., Raulin, F., Cameron, J., Clegg, S., Cousin, A., DeLapp, D., Dingler, R., Jackson, R. S., Johnstone, S., Lanza, N., Little, C., Nelson, T., Wiens, R. C., Williams, R. B., Jones, A., Kirkland, L., Treiman, A., Baker, B., Cantor, B., Caplinger, M., Davis, S., Duston, B., Edgett, K., Fay, D., Hardgrove, C., Harker, D., Herrera, P., Jensen, E., Kennedy, M. R., Krezoski, G., Krysak, D., Lipkaman, L., Malin, M., McCartney, E., McNair, S., Nixon, B., Posiolova, L., Ravine, M., Salamon, A., Saper, L., Stoiber, K., Supulver, K., Van Beek, J., Van Beek, T., Zimdar, R., French, K. L., Iagnemma, K., Goesmann, F., Goetz, W., Hviid, S., Johnson, M., Lefavor, M., Lyness, E., Breves, E., Dyar, M. D., Fassett, C., Blake, D. F., Bristow, T., DesMarais, D., Edwards, L., Haberle, R., Hoehler, T., Hollingsworth, J., Kahre, M., Keely, L., McKay, C., Bleacher, L., Brinckerhoff, W., Choi, D., Dworkin, J. P., Floyd, M., Garvin, J., Harpold, D., Martin, D. K., Pavlov, A., Raaen, E., Smith, M. D., Tan, F., Meyer, M., Posner, A., Voytek, M., Anderson, R. C., Aubrey, A., Beegle, L. W., Behar, A., Blaney, D., Brinza, D., Calef, F., Christensen, L., Crisp, J. A., DeFlores, L., Feldman, J., Feldman, S., Hurowitz, J., Jun, I., Keymeulen, D., Maki, J., Mischna, M., Morookian, J. M., Parker, T., Pavri, B., Schoppers, M., Sengstacken, A., Simmonds, J. J., Spanovich, N., Juarez, M. d. l. T., Vasavada, A. R., Yen, A., Cucinotta, F., Jones, J. H., Rampe, E., Nolan, T., Fisk, M., Radziemski, L., Barraclough, B., Bender, S., Berman, D., Dobrea, E. N., Tokar, R., Vaniman, D., Williams, R. M. E., Yingst, A., Lewis, K., Cleghorn, T., Huntress, W., Manhes, G., Hudgins, J., Olson, T., Stewart, N., Sarrazin, P., Grant, J., Vicenzi, E., Wilson, S. A., Bullock, M., Ehresmann, B., Hamilton, V., Hassler, D., Peterson, J., Rafkin, S., Zeitlin, C., Fedosov, F., Golovin, D., Karpushkina, N., Kozyrev, A., Litvak, M., Malakhov, A., Mitrofanov, I., Mokrousov, M., Nikiforov, S., Prokhorov, V., Sanin, A., Tretyakov, V., Varenikov, A., Vostrukhin, A., Kuzmin, R., Clark, B., Wolff, M., McLennan, S., Botta, O., Drake, D., Bean, K., Lemmon, M., Schwenzer, S. P., Anderson, R. B., Herkenhoff, K., Lee, E. M., Sucharski, R., Hernandez, M. A. d. P., Avalos, J. J. B., Ramos, M., Kim, M.-H., Malespin, C., Plante, I., Muller, J.-P., Ewing, R., Boynton, W., Downs, R., Fitzgibbon, M., Harshman, K., Morrison, S., Dietrich, W., Kortmann, O., Palucis, M., Williams, A., Lugmair, G., Wilson, M. A., Rubin, D., Jakosky, B., Balic-Zunic, T., Frydenvang, J., Jensen, J. K., Kinch, K., Koefoed, A., Madsen, M. B., Stipp, S. L. S., Boyd, N., Campbell, J. L., Gellert, R., Perrett, G., Pradler, I., VanBommel, S., Jacob, S., Rowland, S., Savijarvi, H., Boehm, E., Bottcher, S., Burmeister, S., Guo, J., Kohler, J., Garcia, C. M., Mueller-Mellin, R., Wimmer-Schweingruber, R., Bridges, J. C., McConnochie, T., Benna, M., Bower, H., Blau, H., Boucher, T., Carmosino, M., Elliott, H., Halleaux, D., Renno, N., Wong, M., Elliott, B., Spray, J., Thompson, L., Gordon, S., Newsom, H., Ollila, A., Williams, J., Vasconcelos, P., Bentz, J., Nealson, K., Popa, R., Kah, L. C., Moersch, J., Tate, C., Day, M., Kocurek, G., Hallet, B., Sletten, R., Francis, R., McCullough, E., Cloutis, E., ten Kate, I. L., Arvidson, R., Fraeman, A., Scholes, D., Slavney, S., Stein, T., Ward, J., Berger, J., Moores, J. E., Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Troy, NY], Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science (ARES), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA-NASA, Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux - EA 4038 (LGPM), CentraleSupélec, Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology [GSFC] (CRESST), Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences [MIT, Cambridge] (EAPS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Laboratorio de Química de Plasmas y Estudios Planetarios [Mexico], Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares [Mexico], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM)-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Institute for Astronomy [Honolulu], University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), School of Physics and Astronomy [Minneapolis], University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Cornell University [New York], Geophysical Laboratory [Carnegie Institution], Carnegie Institution for Science, University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California (UC), Jacobs Technology ESCG, Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Atlanta], Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), NWO-NSO: The role of perchlorates in the preservation of organic compounds on Mars, Petrology, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], University of California, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), IMPEC - LATMOS, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], Cornell University, and École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)

Subjects
Martian, Multidisciplinary, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Thermal decomposition, Curiosity rover, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], chemistry.chemical_element, Mars, organic analysis, Mars Exploration Program, 01 natural sciences, Astrobiology, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Isotopes of carbon, Rocknest, 0103 physical sciences, Sample Analysis at Mars, Carbonate, MSL Mars Volatiles Isotopes Organics Soil Gale Crater, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Carbon, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Samples from the Rocknest aeolian deposit were heated to ~835°C under helium flow and evolved gases analyzed by Curiosity’s Sample Analysis at Mars instrument suite. H 2 O, SO 2 , CO 2 , and O 2 were the major gases released. Water abundance (1.5 to 3 weight percent) and release temperature suggest that H 2 O is bound within an amorphous component of the sample. Decomposition of fine-grained Fe or Mg carbonate is the likely source of much of the evolved CO 2 . Evolved O 2 is coincident with the release of Cl, suggesting that oxygen is produced from thermal decomposition of an oxychloride compound. Elevated δD values are consistent with recent atmospheric exchange. Carbon isotopes indicate multiple carbon sources in the fines. Several simple organic compounds were detected, but they are not definitively martian in origin.

Published
2013
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19. X-ray diffraction results from mars science laboratory: Mineralogy of rocknest at Gale crater

Author

Bish, D. L., Blake, D. F., Vaniman, D. T., Chipera, S. J., Morris, R. V., Ming, D. W., Treiman, A. H., Sarrazin, P., Morrison, S. M., Downs, R. T., Achilles, C. N., Yen, A. S., Bristow, T. F., Crisp, J. A., Morookian, J. M., Farmer, J. D., Rampe, E. B., Stolper, E. M., Spanovich, N., Achilles, C., Agard, C., Verdasca, J. A. A., Anderson, R., Archer, D., Armiens-Aparicio, C., Arvidson, R., Atlaskin, E., Atreya, S., Aubrey, A., Baker, B., Baker, M., Balic-Zunic, T., Baratoux, D., Baroukh, J., Barraclough, B., Bean, K., Beegle, L., Behar, A., Bell, J., Bender, S., Benna, M., Bentz, J., Berger, G., Berger, J., Berman, D., Bish, D., Avalos, J. J. B., Blaney, D., Blank, J., Blau, H., Bleacher, L., Boehm, E., Botta, O., Bottcher, S., Boucher, T., Bower, H., Boyd, N., Boynton, B., Breves, E., Bridges, J., Bridges, N., Brinckerhoff, W., Brinza, D., Bristow, T., Brunet, C., Brunner, A., Brunner, W., Buch, A., Bullock, M., Burmeister, S., Cabane, M., Calef, F., Cameron, J., Campbell, J. I., Cantor, B., Caplinger, M., Rodriguez, J. C., Carmosino, M., Blazquez, I. C., Charpentier, A., Chipera, S., Choi, D., Clark, B., Clegg, S., Cleghorn, T., Cloutis, E., Cody, G., Coll, P., Conrad, P., Coscia, D., Cousin, A., Cremers, D., Crisp, J., Cros, A., Cucinotta, F., d'Uston, C., Davis, S., Day, M. K., Juarez, M. d. l. T., DeFlores, L., DeLapp, D., DeMarines, J., DesMarais, D., Dietrich, W., Dingler, R., Donny, C., Downs, B., Drake, D., Dromart, G., Dupont, A., Duston, B., Dworkin, J., Dyar, M. D., Edgar, L., Edgett, K., Edwards, C., Edwards, L., Ehlmann, B., Ehresmann, B., Eigenbrode, J., Elliott, B., Elliott, H., Ewing, R., Fabre, C., Fairen, A., Farley, K., Farmer, J., Fassett, C., Favot, L., Fay, D., Fedosov, F., Feldman, J., Feldman, S., Fisk, M., Fitzgibbon, M., Flesch, G., Floyd, M., Fluckiger, L., Forni, O., Fraeman, A., Francis, R., Francois, P., Franz, H., Freissinet, C., French, K. L., Frydenvang, J., Gaboriaud, A., Gailhanou, M., Garvin, J., Gasnault, O., Geffroy, C., Gellert, R., Genzer, M., Glavin, D., Godber, A., Goesmann, F., Goetz, W., Golovin, D., Gomez, F. G., Gomez-Elvira, J., Gondet, B., Gordon, S., Gorevan, S., Grant, J., Griffes, J., Grinspoon, D., Grotzinger, J., Guillemot, P., Guo, J., Gupta, S., Guzewich, S., Haberle, R., Halleaux, D., Hallet, B., Hamilton, V., Hardgrove, C., Harker, D., Harpold, D., Harri, A.-M., Harshman, K., Hassler, D., Haukka, H., Hayes, A., Herkenhoff, K., Herrera, P., Hettrich, S., Heydari, E., Hipkin, V., Hoehler, T., Hollingsworth, J., Hudgins, J., Huntress, W., Hurowitz, J., Hviid, S., Iagnemma, K., Indyk, S., Israel, G., Jackson, R., Jacob, S., Jakosky, B., Jensen, E., Jensen, J. K., Johnson, J., Johnson, M., Johnstone, S., Jones, A., Jones, J., Joseph, J., Jun, I., Kah, L., Kahanpaa, H., Kahre, M., Karpushkina, N., Kasprzak, W., Kauhanen, J., Keely, L., Kemppinen, O., Keymeulen, D., Kim, M.-H., Kinch, K., King, P., Kirkland, L., Kocurek, G., Koefoed, A., Kohler, J., Kortmann, O., Kozyrev, A., Krezoski, J., Krysak, D., Kuzmin, R., Lacour, J. L., Lafaille, V., Langevin, Y., Lanza, N., Lasue, J., Le Mouelic, S., Lee, E. M., Lee, Q.-M., Lees, D., Lefavor, M., Lemmon, M., Malvitte, A. L., Leshin, L., Leveille, R., Lewin-Carpintier, E., Lewis, K., Li, S., Lipkaman, L., Little, C., Litvak, M., Lorigny, E., Lugmair, G., Lundberg, A., Lyness, E., Madsen, M., Mahaffy, P., Maki, J., Malakhov, A., Malespin, C., Malin, M., Mangold, N., Manhes, G., Manning, H., Marchand, G., Jimenez, M. M., Garcia, C. M., Martin, D., Martin, M., Martinez-Frias, J., Martin-Soler, J., Martin-Torres, F. J., Mauchien, P., Maurice, S., McAdam, A., McCartney, E., McConnochie, T., McCullough, E., McEwan, I., McKay, C., McLennan, S., McNair, S., Melikechi, N., Meslin, P.-Y., Meyer, M., Mezzacappa, A., Miller, H., Miller, K., Milliken, R., Ming, D., Minitti, M., Mischna, M., Mitrofanov, I., Moersch, J., Mokrousov, M., Jurado, A. M., Moores, J., Mora-Sotomayor, L., Morris, R., Morrison, S., Mueller-Mellin, R., Muller, J.-P., Caro, G. M., Nachon, M., Lopez, S. N., Navarro-Gonzalez, R., Nealson, K., Nefian, A., Nelson, T., Newcombe, M., Newman, C., Newsom, H., Nikiforov, S., Niles, P., Nixon, B., Dobrea, E. N., Nolan, T., Oehler, D., Ollila, A., Olson, T., Owen, T., Hernandez, M. A. d. P., Paillet, A., Pallier, E., Palucis, M., Parker, T., Parot, Y., Patel, K., Paton, M., Paulsen, G., Pavlov, A., Pavri, B., Peinado-Gonzalez, V., Pepin, R., Peret, L., Perez, R., Perrett, G., Peterson, J., Pilorget, C., Pinet, P., Pla-Garcia, J., Plante, I., Poitrasson, F., Polkko, J., Popa, R., Posiolova, L., Posner, A., Pradler, I., Prats, B., Prokhorov, V., Purdy, S. W., Raaen, E., Radziemski, L., Rafkin, S., Ramos, M., Rampe, E., Raulin, F., Ravine, M., Reitz, G., Renno, N., Rice, M., Richardson, M., Robert, F., Robertson, K., Manfredi, J. A. R., Romeral-Planello, J. J., Rowland, S., Rubin, D., Saccoccio, M., Salamon, A., Sandoval, J., Sanin, A., Fuentes, S. A. S., Saper, L., Sautter, V., Savijarvi, H., Schieber, J., Schmidt, M., Schmidt, W., Scholes, D. D., Schoppers, M., Schroder, S., Schwenzer, S., Martinez, E. S., Sengstacken, A., Shterts, R., Siebach, K., Siili, T., Simmonds, J., Sirven, J.-B., Slavney, S., Sletten, R., Smith, M., Sanchez, P. S., Spray, J., Squyres, S., Stack, K., Stalport, F., Steele, A., Stein, T., Stern, J., Stewart, N., Stipp, S. L. S., Stoiber, K., Stolper, E., Sucharski, B., Sullivan, R., Summons, R., Sumner, D., Sun, V., Supulver, K., Sutter, B., Szopa, C., Tan, F., Tate, C., Teinturier, S., ten Kate, I., Thomas, P., Thompson, L., Tokar, R., Toplis, M., Redondo, J. T., Trainer, M., Treiman, A., Tretyakov, V., Urqui-O'Callaghan, R., Van Beek, J., Van Beek, T., VanBommel, S., Vaniman, D., Varenikov, A., Vasavada, A., Vasconcelos, P., Vicenzi, E., Vostrukhin, A., Voytek, M., Wadhwa, M., Ward, J., Webster, C., Weigle, E., Wellington, D., Westall, F., Wiens, R. C., Wilhelm, M. B., Williams, A., Williams, J., Williams, R., Williams, R. B. M., Wilson, M., Wimmer-Schweingruber, R., Wolff, M., Wong, M., Wray, J., Wu, M., Yana, C., Yen, A., Yingst, A., Zeitlin, C., Zimdar, R., Mier, M.-P. Z., GeoRessources, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NWO-NSO: The role of perchlorates in the preservation of organic compounds on Mars, and Petrology

Subjects
Multidisciplinary, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Water on Mars, Curiosity rover, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Mineralogy, Mars, Mars Exploration Program, Martian soil, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, MSL Mars X-ray Diffraction Mineralogy Rocknest Gale Crater, Meteorite, Impact crater, 13. Climate action, Rocknest, 0103 physical sciences, Pigeonite, engineering, Composition of Mars, MSL, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, mineralogy of Rocknest at Gale crater
Abstract

The Mars Science Laboratory rover Curiosity scooped samples of soil from the Rocknest aeolian bedform in Gale crater. Analysis of the soil with the Chemistry and Mineralogy (CheMin) x-ray diffraction (XRD) instrument revealed plagioclase (~An57), forsteritic olivine (~Fo62), augite, and pigeonite, with minor K-feldspar, magnetite, quartz, anhydrite, hematite, and ilmenite. The minor phases are present at, or near, detection limits. The soil also contains 27 ± 14 weight percent x-ray amorphous material, likely containing multiple Fe 3+ - and volatile-bearing phases, including possibly a substance resembling hisingerite. The crystalline component is similar to the normative mineralogy of certain basaltic rocks from Gusev crater on Mars and of martian basaltic meteorites. The amorphous component is similar to that found on Earth in places such as soils on the Mauna Kea volcano, Hawaii.

Published
2013
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20. A habitable fluvio-lacustrine environment at Yellowknife Bay, Gale crater, Mars

Author

NWO-NSO: The role of perchlorates in the preservation of organic compounds on Mars, Petrology, Grotzinger, J.P., Sumner, D.Y., Kah, L.C., Stack, K., Gupta, S., Edgar, L., Rubin, D., Lewis, K., Schieber, J., Mangold, N., Milliken, R., Conrad, P.G., DesMarais, D., Farmer, J., Siebach, K., Calef III, F., Hurowitz, J., McLennan, S.M., Ming, D., Vaniman, D., Crisp, J., Vasavada, A., Edgett, K.S., Malin, M., Blake, D., Gellert, R., Mahaffy, P., Wiens, R.C., Maurice, S., Grant, J.A., Wilson, S., Anderson, R.C., Beegle, L., Arvidson, R., Hallet, B., Sletten, R.S., Rice, M., Bell III, J., Griffes, J., Ehlmann, B., Anderson, R.B., Bristow, T.F., Dietrich, W.E., Dromart, G., Eigenbrode, J., Fraeman, A., Hardgrove, C., Herkenhoff, K., Jandura, L., Kocurek, G., Lee, S., Leshin, L.A., Leveille, R., Limonadi, D., Maki, J., McCloskey, S., Meyer, M., Minitti, M., Newsom, H., Oehler, D., Okon, A., Palucis, M., Parker, T., Rowland, S., Schmidt, M., Squyres, S., Steele, A., Stolper, E., Summons, R., Treiman, A., Williams, R., Yingst, A., MSL Science Team, the, NWO-NSO: The role of perchlorates in the preservation of organic compounds on Mars, Petrology, Grotzinger, J.P., Sumner, D.Y., Kah, L.C., Stack, K., Gupta, S., Edgar, L., Rubin, D., Lewis, K., Schieber, J., Mangold, N., Milliken, R., Conrad, P.G., DesMarais, D., Farmer, J., Siebach, K., Calef III, F., Hurowitz, J., McLennan, S.M., Ming, D., Vaniman, D., Crisp, J., Vasavada, A., Edgett, K.S., Malin, M., Blake, D., Gellert, R., Mahaffy, P., Wiens, R.C., Maurice, S., Grant, J.A., Wilson, S., Anderson, R.C., Beegle, L., Arvidson, R., Hallet, B., Sletten, R.S., Rice, M., Bell III, J., Griffes, J., Ehlmann, B., Anderson, R.B., Bristow, T.F., Dietrich, W.E., Dromart, G., Eigenbrode, J., Fraeman, A., Hardgrove, C., Herkenhoff, K., Jandura, L., Kocurek, G., Lee, S., Leshin, L.A., Leveille, R., Limonadi, D., Maki, J., McCloskey, S., Meyer, M., Minitti, M., Newsom, H., Oehler, D., Okon, A., Palucis, M., Parker, T., Rowland, S., Schmidt, M., Squyres, S., Steele, A., Stolper, E., Summons, R., Treiman, A., Williams, R., Yingst, A., and MSL Science Team, the

Published
2014

21. The rock abrasion record at Gale Crater: Mars Science Laboratory results from Bradbury Landing to Rocknest

Author

Bridges, N. T., primary, Calef, F. J., additional, Hallet, B., additional, Herkenhoff, K. E., additional, Lanza, N. L., additional, Le Mouélic, S., additional, Newman, C. E., additional, Blaney, D. L., additional, de Pablo, M. A., additional, Kocurek, G. A., additional, Langevin, Y., additional, Lewis, K. W., additional, Mangold, N., additional, Maurice, S., additional, Meslin, P.‐Y., additional, Pinet, P., additional, Renno, N. O., additional, Rice, M. S., additional, Richardson, M. E., additional, Sautter, V., additional, Sletten, R. S., additional, Wiens, R. C., additional, and Yingst, R. A., additional

Published
2014
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22. Curiosity at Gale Crater, Mars: Characterization and analysis of the rocknest sand shadow

Author

NWO-NSO: The role of perchlorates in the preservation of organic compounds on Mars, Petrology, Blake, D.F., Morris, R.V., Kocurek, G., Morrison, S.M., Downs, R.T., Bish, D., Ming, D.W., Edgett, K.S., Rubin, D., Goetz, W., Madsen, M.B., Sullivan, R., Gellert, R., Campbell, I., Treiman, A.H., McLennan, S.M., Yen, A.S., Grotzinger, J., Vaniman, D.T., Chipera, S.J., Achilles, C.N., Rampe, E.B., Sumner, D., Meslin, P.-Y., Maurice, S., Forni, O., Gasnault, O., Fisk, M., Schmidt, M., Mahaffy, P., Leshin, L.A., Glavin, D., Steele, A., Freissinet, C., Navarro-González, R., Yingst, R.A., Kah, L.C., Bridges, N., Lewis, K.W., Bristow, T.F., Farmer, J.D., Crisp, J.A., Stolper, E.M., Des Marais, D.J., Sarrazin, P., MSL Science Team, the, NWO-NSO: The role of perchlorates in the preservation of organic compounds on Mars, Petrology, Blake, D.F., Morris, R.V., Kocurek, G., Morrison, S.M., Downs, R.T., Bish, D., Ming, D.W., Edgett, K.S., Rubin, D., Goetz, W., Madsen, M.B., Sullivan, R., Gellert, R., Campbell, I., Treiman, A.H., McLennan, S.M., Yen, A.S., Grotzinger, J., Vaniman, D.T., Chipera, S.J., Achilles, C.N., Rampe, E.B., Sumner, D., Meslin, P.-Y., Maurice, S., Forni, O., Gasnault, O., Fisk, M., Schmidt, M., Mahaffy, P., Leshin, L.A., Glavin, D., Steele, A., Freissinet, C., Navarro-González, R., Yingst, R.A., Kah, L.C., Bridges, N., Lewis, K.W., Bristow, T.F., Farmer, J.D., Crisp, J.A., Stolper, E.M., Des Marais, D.J., Sarrazin, P., and MSL Science Team, the

Published
2013

24. Geomorphology of Desert Dunes

Author

Kocurek, G.

Subjects
Geomorphology of Desert Dunes (Book) -- Book reviews, Books -- Book reviews, Earth sciences
Published
1996

25. MAHLI at the Rocknest sand shadow: Science and science‐enabling activities

Author

Minitti, M. E., primary, Kah, L. C., additional, Yingst, R. A., additional, Edgett, K. S., additional, Anderson, R. C., additional, Beegle, L. W., additional, Carsten, J. L., additional, Deen, R. G., additional, Goetz, W., additional, Hardgrove, C., additional, Harker, D. E., additional, Herkenhoff, K. E., additional, Hurowitz, J. A., additional, Jandura, L., additional, Kennedy, M. R., additional, Kocurek, G., additional, Krezoski, G. M., additional, Kuhn, S. R., additional, Limonadi, D., additional, Lipkaman, L., additional, Madsen, M. B., additional, Olson, T. S., additional, Robinson, M. L., additional, Rowland, S. K., additional, Rubin, D. M., additional, Seybold, C., additional, Schieber, J., additional, Schmidt, M., additional, Sumner, D. Y., additional, Tompkins, V. V., additional, Van Beek, J. K., additional, and Van Beek, T., additional

Published
2013
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40. Another unique river: a consideration of some of the characteristics of the trunk tributaries of the Nile River in northwestern Ethiopia in relationship to their aquatic food resources.

Author

Kappelman J, Tewabe D, Todd L, Feseha M, Kay M, Kocurek G, Nachman B, Tabor N, and Yadeta M

Subjects
Animals, Biological Evolution, Ethiopia, Humans, Rain, Seasons, Diet, Ecosystem, Fishes, Rivers, Seafood, Shellfish
Abstract

Aquatic food resources are important components of many modern human hunter-gatherer diets and yet evidence attesting to the widespread exploitation of this food type appears rather late in the archaeological record. While there are times when, for example, the capture of fish and shellfish requires sophisticated technology, there are other cases when the exact ecological attributes of an individual species and the particulars of its environment make it possible for these foods to be incorporated into the human diet with little or no tool use and only a minimal time investment. In order to better understand the full set of variables that are considered in these sorts of foraging decisions, it is necessary to detail the attributes of each particular aquatic environment. We discuss here some of the characteristics of the trunk tributaries of the Nile and Blue Rivers in the Horn of Africa. Unlike typical perennial rivers, these 'temporary' rivers flow only during a brief but intense wet season; during the much longer dry season, the rivers are reduced to a series of increasingly disconnected waterholes, and the abundant and diverse fish and mollusk populations are trapped in ever smaller evaporating pools. The local human population today utilizes a number of diverse capture methods that range from simple to complex, and vary according to the size and depth of the waterhole and the time of the year. When we view the particular characteristics of an individual river system, we find that each river is 'unique' in its individual attributes. The Horn of Africa is believed to be along the route that modern humans followed on their migration out of Africa, and it is likely that the riverine-based foraging behaviors of these populations accompanied our species on its movement into the rest of the Old World., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2014
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41. Isotope ratios of H, C, and O in CO2 and H2O of the martian atmosphere.

Author

Webster CR, Mahaffy PR, Flesch GJ, Niles PB, Jones JH, Leshin LA, Atreya SK, Stern JC, Christensen LE, Owen T, Franz H, Pepin RO, Steele A, Achilles C, Agard C, Alves Verdasca JA, Anderson R, Anderson R, Archer D, Armiens-Aparicio C, Arvidson R, Atlaskin E, Aubrey A, Baker B, Baker M, Balic-Zunic T, Baratoux D, Baroukh J, Barraclough B, Bean K, Beegle L, Behar A, Bell J, Bender S, Benna M, Bentz J, Berger G, Berger J, Berman D, Bish D, Blake DF, Blanco Avalos JJ, Blaney D, Blank J, Blau H, Bleacher L, Boehm E, Botta O, Böttcher S, Boucher T, Bower H, Boyd N, Boynton B, Breves E, Bridges J, Bridges N, Brinckerhoff W, Brinza D, Bristow T, Brunet C, Brunner A, Brunner W, Buch A, Bullock M, Burmeister S, Cabane M, Calef F, Cameron J, Campbell J, Cantor B, Caplinger M, Caride Rodríguez J, Carmosino M, Carrasco Blázquez I, Charpentier A, Chipera S, Choi D, Clark B, Clegg S, Cleghorn T, Cloutis E, Cody G, Coll P, Conrad P, Coscia D, Cousin A, Cremers D, Crisp J, Cros A, Cucinotta F, d'Uston C, Davis S, Day M, de la Torre Juarez M, DeFlores L, DeLapp D, DeMarines J, DesMarais D, Dietrich W, Dingler R, Donny C, Downs B, Drake D, Dromart G, Dupont A, Duston B, Dworkin J, Dyar MD, Edgar L, Edgett K, Edwards C, Edwards L, Ehlmann B, Ehresmann B, Eigenbrode J, Elliott B, Elliott H, Ewing R, Fabre C, Fairén A, Farley K, Farmer J, Fassett C, Favot L, Fay D, Fedosov F, Feldman J, Feldman S, Fisk M, Fitzgibbon M, Floyd M, Flückiger L, Forni O, Fraeman A, Francis R, François P, Freissinet C, French KL, Frydenvang J, Gaboriaud A, Gailhanou M, Garvin J, Gasnault O, Geffroy C, Gellert R, Genzer M, Glavin D, Godber A, Goesmann F, Goetz W, Golovin D, Gómez Gómez F, Gómez-Elvira J, Gondet B, Gordon S, Gorevan S, Grant J, Griffes J, Grinspoon D, Grotzinger J, Guillemot P, Guo J, Gupta S, Guzewich S, Haberle R, Halleaux D, Hallet B, Hamilton V, Hardgrove C, Harker D, Harpold D, Harri AM, Harshman K, Hassler D, Haukka H, Hayes A, Herkenhoff K, Herrera P, Hettrich S, Heydari E, Hipkin V, Hoehler T, Hollingsworth J, Hudgins J, Huntress W, Hurowitz J, Hviid S, Iagnemma K, Indyk S, Israël G, Jackson R, Jacob S, Jakosky B, Jensen E, Jensen JK, Johnson J, Johnson M, Johnstone S, Jones A, Joseph J, Jun I, Kah L, Kahanpää H, Kahre M, Karpushkina N, Kasprzak W, Kauhanen J, Keely L, Kemppinen O, Keymeulen D, Kim MH, Kinch K, King P, Kirkland L, Kocurek G, Koefoed A, Köhler J, Kortmann O, Kozyrev A, Krezoski J, Krysak D, Kuzmin R, Lacour JL, Lafaille V, Langevin Y, Lanza N, Lasue J, Le Mouélic S, Lee EM, Lee QM, Lees D, Lefavor M, Lemmon M, Lepinette Malvitte A, Léveillé R, Lewin-Carpintier É, Lewis K, Li S, Lipkaman L, Little C, Litvak M, Lorigny E, Lugmair G, Lundberg A, Lyness E, Madsen M, Maki J, Malakhov A, Malespin C, Malin M, Mangold N, Manhes G, Manning H, Marchand G, Marín Jiménez M, Martín García C, Martin D, Martin M, Martínez-Frías J, Martín-Soler J, Martín-Torres FJ, Mauchien P, Maurice S, McAdam A, McCartney E, McConnochie T, McCullough E, McEwan I, McKay C, McLennan S, McNair S, Melikechi N, Meslin PY, Meyer M, Mezzacappa A, Miller H, Miller K, Milliken R, Ming D, Minitti M, Mischna M, Mitrofanov I, Moersch J, Mokrousov M, Molina Jurado A, Moores J, Mora-Sotomayor L, Morookian JM, Morris R, Morrison S, Mueller-Mellin R, Muller JP, Muñoz Caro G, Nachon M, Navarro López S, Navarro-González R, Nealson K, Nefian A, Nelson T, Newcombe M, Newman C, Newsom H, Nikiforov S, Nixon B, Noe Dobrea E, Nolan T, Oehler D, Ollila A, Olson T, de Pablo Hernández MÁ, Paillet A, Pallier E, Palucis M, Parker T, Parot Y, Patel K, Paton M, Paulsen G, Pavlov A, Pavri B, Peinado-González V, Peret L, Perez R, Perrett G, Peterson J, Pilorget C, Pinet P, Pla-García J, Plante I, Poitrasson F, Polkko J, Popa R, Posiolova L, Posner A, Pradler I, Prats B, Prokhorov V, Purdy SW, Raaen E, Radziemski L, Rafkin S, Ramos M, Rampe E, Raulin F, Ravine M, Reitz G, Rennó N, Rice M, Richardson M, Robert F, Robertson K, Rodriguez Manfredi JA, Romeral-Planelló JJ, Rowland S, Rubin D, Saccoccio M, Salamon A, Sandoval J, Sanin A, Sans Fuentes SA, Saper L, Sarrazin P, Sautter V, Savijärvi H, Schieber J, Schmidt M, Schmidt W, Scholes D, Schoppers M, Schröder S, Schwenzer S, Sebastian Martinez E, Sengstacken A, Shterts R, Siebach K, Siili T, Simmonds J, Sirven JB, Slavney S, Sletten R, Smith M, Sobrón Sánchez P, Spanovich N, Spray J, Squyres S, Stack K, Stalport F, Stein T, Stewart N, Stipp SL, Stoiber K, Stolper E, Sucharski B, Sullivan R, Summons R, Sumner D, Sun V, Supulver K, Sutter B, Szopa C, Tan F, Tate C, Teinturier S, ten Kate I, Thomas P, Thompson L, Tokar R, Toplis M, Torres Redondo J, Trainer M, Treiman A, Tretyakov V, Urqui-O'Callaghan R, Van Beek J, Van Beek T, VanBommel S, Vaniman D, Varenikov A, Vasavada A, Vasconcelos P, Vicenzi E, Vostrukhin A, Voytek M, Wadhwa M, Ward J, Weigle E, Wellington D, Westall F, Wiens RC, Wilhelm MB, Williams A, Williams J, Williams R, Williams RB, Wilson M, Wimmer-Schweingruber R, Wolff M, Wong M, Wray J, Wu M, Yana C, Yen A, Yingst A, Zeitlin C, Zimdar R, and Zorzano Mier MP

Abstract

Stable isotope ratios of H, C, and O are powerful indicators of a wide variety of planetary geophysical processes, and for Mars they reveal the record of loss of its atmosphere and subsequent interactions with its surface such as carbonate formation. We report in situ measurements of the isotopic ratios of D/H and (18)O/(16)O in water and (13)C/(12)C, (18)O/(16)O, (17)O/(16)O, and (13)C(18)O/(12)C(16)O in carbon dioxide, made in the martian atmosphere at Gale Crater from the Curiosity rover using the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM)'s tunable laser spectrometer (TLS). Comparison between our measurements in the modern atmosphere and those of martian meteorites such as ALH 84001 implies that the martian reservoirs of CO2 and H2O were largely established ~4 billion years ago, but that atmospheric loss or surface interaction may be still ongoing.

Published
2013
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