2,129 results on '"LACTARIUS"'
Search Results
2. Lactarius badiosanguineus: A new record to Indian mycobiota from Jammu and Kashmir, India.
- Author
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Verma, Komal, Mehmood, Tahir, and Sharma, Yash Pal
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FUNGI , *MOLECULAR phylogeny , *NUCLEAR DNA , *HOST plants , *SEQUENCE analysis , *RIBOSOMAL DNA - Abstract
The genus Lactarius is cosmopolitan in distribution and forms an ectomycorrhizal association with varied host plants. In the present study, samples of Lactarius badiosanguineus were collected during a fungal survey from different regions of Jammu province, Jammu and Kashmir, India. Identification was carried out through combined morpho‐anatomical and nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analysis that confirmed its position as Lactarius badiosanguineus. This taxon is reported here for the first record from India. Detailed morphological descriptions, color photographs, line drawings, and molecular phylogeny are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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3. Three New Species of Russulaceae (Russulales, Basidiomycota) from Southern China.
- Author
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Liu, Sen, Zhu, Mengjia, Keyhani, Nemat O., Wu, Ziyi, Lv, Huajun, Heng, Zhiang, Chen, Ruiya, Dang, Yuxiao, Yang, Chenjie, Chen, Jinhui, Lai, Pengyu, Zhang, Weibin, Guan, Xiayu, Huang, Yanbin, Chen, Yuxi, Su, Hailan, and Qiu, Junzhi
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RIBOSOMAL DNA , *RNA polymerase II , *BASIDIOMYCOTA , *ECTOMYCORRHIZAL fungi , *SPECIES , *RIBOSOMAL RNA - Abstract
The characterization of natural fungal diversity impacts our understanding of ecological and evolutionary processes and can lead to novel bioproduct discovery. Russula and Lactarius, both in the order Russulales, represent two large genera of ectomycorrhizal fungi that include edible as well as toxic varieties. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, including nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the 28S large subunit of ribosomal RNA (LSU), the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2), the ribosomal mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU), and the translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1-α) gene sequences, we here describe and illustrate two new species of Russula and one new species of Lactarius from southern China. These three new species are: R. junzifengensis (R. subsect. Virescentinae), R. zonatus (R. subsect. Crassotunicatae), and L. jianyangensis (L. subsect. Zonarii). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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4. Microbiological quality of some fresh wild edible mushrooms.
- Author
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ÖNCÜL, Nilgün and ÇİFTÇİ, Mehtap
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FOOD safety ,FOOD contamination ,EXPERIMENTAL design ,ANALYSIS of variance ,EDIBLE mushrooms ,FOOD microbiology ,FUNGI ,PUBLIC health ,PHYTOCHEMICALS ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,FOOD handling ,FOOD quality ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
Fresh mushrooms are an ideal medium for microbial growth because they have high moisture content and a neutral pH. Mushrooms are hand-harvested and exposed to ambient conditions until commercialised in many cases. These characteristics limit their post-harvest shelf life to a few days. Unlike other fresh products, the studies on the microbiological profile of fresh mushrooms are limited. In public, Lactarius species are known as "çıntar, melki, kanlıca, termite, menne specifically used in Türkiye. These mushrooms usually grow naturally during the autumn. They are collected by locals and sold in public markets and along the roadside. In this study, the microbiological quality of wild edible Lactarius species sold in local marketplaces in the province of Muğla was determined. The results are in the ranges 6.10-8.83 log CFU/g for total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, <1.00-5.57 log CFU/g for lactic acid bacteria, 3.10-7.76 log CFU/g for total yeast, <1.00- 3.93 log CFU/g for total mould, <1.00-4.74 log CFU/g for Staphylococcus aureus, <0.30-5.07 log MPN/g for total coliform and <0.30-5.07 log MPN/g for faecal coliform. The samples' pH and titratable acidity values were 6.82-7.54 and 0.005-0.020%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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5. Exploring the Efficacy of Extracts for Cosmetic Creams: In Vivo and In Vitro Assessments.
- Author
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Papa, Cristina Monica, Suciu, Alexandru, Dopcea, Ioan, Ene, Nicoleta, Singh, Sandeep Kumar, and Vamanu, Emanuel
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OINTMENTS ,PHYTOTHERAPY ,BIOPHARMACEUTICS ,DRUG efficacy ,LACTARIUS ,PLANT extracts - Abstract
Plants with therapeutic potential are a rich resource for the inhabitants of a country, with Romania among them, having a diverse flora not only from plants but also from fungi. New trends in biopharmaceuticals are also addressed in studies related to topical administration, representing a great advantage; research has determined biological activities in vivo and in vitro. This study aimed to present the main active compounds from extracts of Lactarius piperatus, Centaurea cyanus, and Ribes rubrum. In vitro (DPPH scavenging activity and reducing power) and in vivo activities were determined. A survey of hydrating cosmetic products and the completion of a patch test (in vivo test) under dermatological control were realized to confirm the skin compatibility of the product in a panel of human subjects after a single application. The cosmetic product did not induce allergic reactions, erythema, irritation, or itching. This study showed that the extracts incorporated in the formulation of the face cream had a nutricosmetic effect. The research demonstrated a result of increasing skin elasticity and an anti-inflammatory effect following direct application to the skin of volunteers. The product offered in vitro/in vivo protection against the action of free radicals; it was effective in reducing the side effects of exposure to the action of blue light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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6. Inhibitory activity of alcoholic extracts of ediblefungi against Rhizoctonia solani.
- Author
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de Jesús Narváez-Montaño, Mónica, Remedios Mendoza-López, Maria, Sánchez-Viveros, Gabriela, José Almaraz-Suarez, Juan, and Argumedo-Delira, Rosalba
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RHIZOCTONIA solani ,USTILAGO maydis ,ROOT diseases ,CROPS ,HORTICULTURAL crops ,ROOT rots - Abstract
Fungal diseases represent one of the causes of annual crop losses. Rhizoctonia solani is a pathogenic fungus with worldwide distribution associated with root and tuber diseases of different crops; it causes important economic losses in perennial and annual plants, including almost all horticultural crops. To mitigate losses due to fungus, fungicides of synthetic origin have been used; however, many of these substances are associated with carcinogenicity and are toxic to the environment. Edible macromycete mushrooms are a source of antifungal compounds to control diseases in agricultural crops. This work evaluated the antifungal activity of extracts of edible mushrooms (Lactarius deliciosus, Ustilago maydis, Amanita jacksonii and Amanita rubescens) against the phytopathogen R. solani by means of three techniques: diffusion of wells, discs and plate dilution. The results show that with the diffusion of wells, no effect was observed on the growth of R. solani with the alcoholic extracts and their dilutions. While with disc diffusion, a qualitatively slower growth was observed compared to the controls of R. solani with the ethanolic extract of A. jacksonii and in its 1:1 dilution of methanol-water. In the plate dilution, it was found that the 1:1 ethanol water dilution of L. deliciosus had 88% inhibition on the growth of R. solani, followed by the ethanol extract of L. deliciosus (65%), methanol extract from U. maydis (63%) and methanol extract from L. deliciosus (57%). Therefore, the extracts and the dilution must be studied in greater depth, by being tested in an in vivo system and identifying the secondary metabolites present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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7. Experimental Investigation of Freeze-Dried of Kanlıca Mushroom (Lactarius Salmoncolor).
- Author
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ONGUN, Göknur KAYATAŞ, ÖZKAYMAK, Mehmet, ACAR, Bahadır, AKTAŞ, Mustafa, and DAĞDEVİREN, Abdullah
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FREEZE-dried foods ,LACTARIUS ,SHELF-life dating of food ,CHI-squared test ,THERMAL diffusivity - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Polytechnic is the property of Journal of Polytechnic and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
8. Three New Species of Russulaceae (Russulales, Basidiomycota) from Southern China
- Author
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Sen Liu, Mengjia Zhu, Nemat O. Keyhani, Ziyi Wu, Huajun Lv, Zhiang Heng, Ruiya Chen, Yuxiao Dang, Chenjie Yang, Jinhui Chen, Pengyu Lai, Weibin Zhang, Xiayu Guan, Yanbin Huang, Yuxi Chen, Hailan Su, and Junzhi Qiu
- Subjects
Basidiomycota ,Russulales ,Russula ,Lactarius ,new species ,morphological and phylogenetic analyses ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
The characterization of natural fungal diversity impacts our understanding of ecological and evolutionary processes and can lead to novel bioproduct discovery. Russula and Lactarius, both in the order Russulales, represent two large genera of ectomycorrhizal fungi that include edible as well as toxic varieties. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, including nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the 28S large subunit of ribosomal RNA (LSU), the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2), the ribosomal mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU), and the translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1-α) gene sequences, we here describe and illustrate two new species of Russula and one new species of Lactarius from southern China. These three new species are: R. junzifengensis (R. subsect. Virescentinae), R. zonatus (R. subsect. Crassotunicatae), and L. jianyangensis (L. subsect. Zonarii).
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Essential Mineral Content (Fe, Mg, P, Mn, K, Ca, and Na) in Five Wild Edible Species of Lactarius Mushrooms from Southern Spain and Northern Morocco: Reference to Daily Intake.
- Author
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López, Alejandro R., Barea-Sepúlveda, Marta, Barbero, Gerardo F., Ferreiro-González, Marta, López-Castillo, José Gerardo, Palma, Miguel, and Espada-Bellido, Estrella
- Subjects
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MUSHROOMS , *HEAVY metals , *SODIUM , *SPECIES , *ULTRAVIOLET-visible spectroscopy , *MINERALS , *TRACE elements - Abstract
Mushroom consumption has increased in recent years due to their beneficial properties to the proper functioning of the body. Within this framework, the high potential of mushrooms as a source of essential elements has been reported. Therefore, the present study aims to determine the mineral content of seven essential metals, Fe, Mg, Mn, P, K, Ca, and Na, in twenty samples of mushrooms of the genus Lactarius collected from various locations in southern Spain and northern Morocco, by FAAS, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and ICP-OES after acid digestion. Statistics showed that K was the macronutrient found at the highest levels in all mushrooms studied. ANOVA showed that there were statistically significant differences among the species for K, P, and Na. The multivariate study suggested that there were differences between the accumulation of the elements according to the geographic location and species. Furthermore, the intake of 300 g of fresh mushrooms of each sample covers a high percentage of the RDI, but does not meet the recommended daily intake (RDI) for any of the metals studied, except for Fe. Even considering these benefits, the consumption of mushrooms should be moderated due to the presence of toxic metals, which may pose health risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Factors influencing successful establishment of exotic Pinus radiata seedlings with co-introduced Lactarius deliciosus or local ectomycorrhizal fungal communities.
- Author
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Ran Wang, Yanliang Wang, Guerin-Laguette, Alexis, Peng Zhang, Colinas, Carlos, and Fuqiang Yu
- Subjects
EXTRACELLULAR enzymes ,SEEDLINGS ,FUNGAL communities ,INTRODUCED plants ,HAWTHORNS ,ECTOMYCORRHIZAL fungi ,PINUS radiata - Abstract
An introduction of exotic or non-native trees may fail due to a lack of suitable fungal partners. We planted exotic Pinus radiata in Xifeng, Guizhou Southwest China. Strategies to introduce P. radiata seedlings either colonized with an ectomycorrhizal fungus (EcMF), Lactarius deliciosus, or expect them to form familiar/new associations with local EcMF in a new habitat were studied to know how P. radiata could be successfully established over a period of 2.5 years. Plant height and needle nutrient acquisition, the persistence of the co-introduced L. deliciosus, and fungal community composition in rhizosphere soil and root tips were analyzed. In addition, a greenhouse bioassay experiment of local soil to assess the differences in the EcMF community between exotic and native pine seedlings was also conducted. The current results demonstrated that P. radiata could establish in the Xifeng plantation with or without co-introduced L. deliciosus. The co-introduced L. deliciosus might be naturalized with P. radiata in the new area since it has been fruited for 2 years with high relative abundance in mycorrhizosphere soil. L. deliciosus pre-colonization significantly altered the mycorrhizosphere fungal composition and it had a positive correlation with nitrogen acquisition of P. radiata. Host identity had no effect on fungal composition since exotic P. radiata and native P. massoniana recruited similar local fungal communities in early establishment or in plantation. The cosmopolitan species Suillus placidus, with high relative abundance, formed a familiar association with P. radiata. The greenhouse bioassay experiment further showed that Suillus sp. contributed relatively higher total extracellular enzymes by forming ectomycorrhizas with P. radiata and the same type of ectomycorrhiza of P. radiata and P. massoniana showed different enzymatic functions. Our study indicated that exotic P. radiata could be a suitable tree capable to get established successfully in the Xifeng plantation either by interaction with the co-introduced L. deliciosus or with a local EcMF, but we should be cautious about large-scale planting of P. radiata. L. deliciosus persisted in plantation and more attention should be paid to local EcMF community changes induced by the introduced L. deliciosus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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11. Recent Insights in the Phylogeny, Species Diversity, and Culinary Uses of Milkcap Genera Lactarius and Lactifluus
- Author
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Nuytinck, Jorinde, De Crop, Eske, Delgat, Lynn, Bafort, Quinten, Ferreiro, Mauro Rivas, Verbeken, Annemieke, Wang, Xiang-Hua, Pérez-Moreno, Jesús, editor, Guerin-Laguette, Alexis, editor, Flores Arzú, Roberto, editor, and Yu, Fu-Qiang, editor
- Published
- 2020
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12. Diversity and Importance of Edible Ectomycorrhizal Fungi in Guatemala
- Author
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Flores Arzú, Roberto, Pérez-Moreno, Jesús, editor, Guerin-Laguette, Alexis, editor, Flores Arzú, Roberto, editor, and Yu, Fu-Qiang, editor
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- 2020
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13. Classification and identification of Lactarius based on morphological characteristics of fruiting bodies and rDNA-ITS sequence analysis in Qiandongnan
- Author
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WU Anzhong, WEI Xiaobao, ZENG Yi, LIU Ying, YANG Rui, and HUANG Junfei
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lactarius ,lactarius vividus ,lactarius subindigo ,lactarius hatsudake ,classification and identification ,Food processing and manufacture ,TP368-456 ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
ObjectiveIn order to clarify the taxonomic status of Lactarius in Qiandongnan of Guizhou, and provid the basis for the identification of wild fungi in foodborne wild mushroom poisoning.MethodsThe morphological characteristics of fruiting bodies and phylogenetic analysis of ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer(rDNA-ITS) gene sequences were used for identification.ResultsIt was clear that there were 3 main kinds of Lactarius in the markets. The samples of indigo, amaranth and aurantius were identified as Lactarius vividus, Lactarius hatsudake and Lactarius subindigo based on morphological features. Then ITS gene sequence phylogenetic trees for the 34 fungi strains were divided into two branches, the Lactarius and other toxic fungi of the affinis species were distinguished. The TL1 and Lactarius subindig, TZ1 and Lactarius hatsudake, TH1 and Lactarius vividus were clustered into one group respectively, which were consistent with morphological identification results.ConclusionThe main species of Lactarius in Qiandongnan were the Lactarius hatsudake and Lactarius vividus, which were the same as another Lactarius in Guiyang. Among the Lactarius species, TL1 was identified as Lactarius subindigo, this was the first case reported in Guizhou.
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- 2021
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14. Analysis of climate change impacts on the biogeographical patterns of species-specific productivity of socioeconomically important edible fungi in Mediterranean forest ecosystems.
- Author
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Morera, Albert, LeBlanc, Hannah, Martínez de Aragón, Juan, Bonet, José Antonio, and de-Miguel, Sergio
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EDIBLE fungi ,CLIMATE change adaptation ,CLIMATE change mitigation ,MACHINE learning ,FRUITING bodies (Fungi) ,FOREST productivity ,ECOSYSTEMS ,CLIMATE change ,PHYLOGEOGRAPHY - Abstract
In Mediterranean forests, many species of fungi produce fruiting bodies every autumn, some of which are of great social and economic interest as NTFPs. In addition, these fungi are an essential part of the biodiversity network that ensures the proper functioning of natural ecosystems and that is currently in check due to global change. Therefore, understanding the biogeographic patterns of species-specific fungal productivity is fundamental to anticipate possible changes in the socioeconomic value of our forests and to understand the role they play in the functioning of ecosystems in terms of mitigation and adaptation to climate change. In this study we estimate the future impact of climate change (in Catalonia region, between 2023 and 2100) on five fungal species with high socioeconomic interest in a broad bioclimatic gradient representative of the Mediterranean basin using high resolution at the landscape scale. To achieve this, we use predictive models based on machine learning algorithms and a fungal database resulting from the sampling of more than 100 permanent sampling plots over 20 years. We estimate that current and future productivity patterns differ among species, under different climate change scenarios and bioclimatic regions. Our results suggest that optimal productivity areas may be shifted to higher elevations, making those species with higher productivity at higher elevations the most affected by climate change. This would mean that some species with high socioeconomic value, such as Lactarius deliciosus and Boletus edulis , could be negatively affected in their total productivity in the study area. This study highlights the need to anticipate the potential effects of climate change on fungal productivity and in particular on high socioeconomic value species and to develop management policies oriented to maintain the important role of fungi in natural ecosystems. • We used random forest to assess biogeographical patterns in edible fungal species productivity. • Climate change will reduce annual productivity of high-elevation mushroom species. • Lower and mid-range elevation species may shift fruiting optima to higher elevations. • Climate change may reduce Lactarius deliciosus and Boletus edulis production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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15. Comparative study on the structure characterization and immune activity of Lactarius vellereus Fr. polysaccharide (LV-1) and Cordyceps militaris (L. ex Fr.) Link. polysaccharide (CM-S).
- Author
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Ding, Xiang, Song, Zhiqiang, and Hou, Yiling
- Subjects
LACTARIUS ,CORDYCEPS ,GALACTOSE ,GLUCOSE ,XYLOSE - Abstract
In this study, two new polysaccharides were extracted from the fruiting bodies of Lactarius vellereus Fr. and Cordyceps militaris, respectively, by hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation and DEAE column chromatography, successively. The results showed that the molecular weight of Lactarius vellereus Fr. polysaccharide (LV-1) was 11,176 Da, and that of Cordyceps militaris (CM-S) was 134,631 Da. The results of structure identification by GC–MS, HPGPC, HPLC, FT-IR and NMR showed that LV-1 was composed of galactose and glucose in a ratio of 2:1. The C1 site of (1 → 6)-α-d-glucose was connected with C3 site of (1,3 → 6)-α-d-galactose, and C6 site was connected with C2 site of (1,2 → 6)-α-d-galactose and the galactose was 1 → 6 connected which formed a ring structure. CM-S was composed of galactose, glucose and xylose in the ratio of 3:2:1. The main chain of CM-S was (1 → 6)-α-d-galactose, which was connected at the C2 site with (1,4 → 6)-α-d-glucose at the C1 site. The C4 and C1 site of (1,4 → 6)-α-d-glucose are linked to one 4-β-d-glucose and one 1-α-d-xylose, respectively. The results of immunoactivity showed that LV-1 and CM-S have the proliferation activity of B cells, T cells and RAW264.7 cells in vitro, and the effect of LV-1 on the proliferation of immune cells was higher than that of CM-S. In addition, LV-1 could significantly promote the secretion of IgA, IgE, IgG and IgM in B cells. Transcriptome sequencing showed that the molecular mechanism of immune activity of LV-1 involves the activation of PI3K-AKT-Ras-MAPK signaling pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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16. RADIOACTIVITY LEVELS IN SOME MUSHROOM SPECIES COLLECTED FROM MACEDONIA AND CONSEQUENT DOSES.
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ALEKSANDRA, Angeleska, CRCEVA NIKOLOVSKA, Radmila, DIMITRIESKA STOJKOVIK, Elizabeta, BLAGOEVSKA, Katerina, DIMZOSKA STOJANOVSKA, Biljana, UZUNOV, Risto, and POPOSKA TRENEVSKA, Vasilka
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MUSHROOMS ,BIOINDICATORS ,RADIOACTIVITY ,LACTARIUS ,FOOD safety - Abstract
Mushrooms are bioindicators in the environment that accumulate radionuclides, therefore they can pose a radiological threat. In the Republic of Macedonia, mushrooms are widely consumed as a part of the diet, for this reason their radiological control is required. In this research, the activity concentrations in different types of mushrooms (Boletus edulis, Marasmius oreades, Morchela conica, Lactarius deliciosus) were determined. The mushrooms were collected from six different locations in the Republic of Macedonia, and information on the radiation dose for the general population were obtained with this measurement. The analyses were performed by means of HPGe gamma spectrometry, i.e. an instrument - gamma spectrometer (Canbera Packard) with a high purity germanium detector. The obtained spectra from the measurement were analyzed by using the GENIE 2000 program. On the basis of the performed tests, the mean values for the activity concentrations in the mushrooms were as follows 41.9±1.2 Bq kg - 1 for 226Ra, 40.3±1.8 Bq kg - 1 for 232Th, 83.75±6.2 Bq kg - 1 for 40K, and 2.34±0.24 Bq kg - 1 for 137's. The mean value of the radiation risk index Heks is lower than the maximum allowed value which is <1 for Heks. The value of the radium equivalent activity Raeq is below the maximum recommended limit, i.e. 370 Bq kg-1. Significant variations were not observed in regard to the activity concentrations of 137Cs and 40K in the same mushroom species from different sampling points. High activity concentrations of 137Cs activity were not detected in any of the mushrooms. The researches in this study show that all mushroom samples pose no biological threat, i.e. it was found that the analyzed radionuclides do not pose a health risk and the levels are below the international standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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17. Essential Mineral Content (Fe, Mg, P, Mn, K, Ca, and Na) in Five Wild Edible Species of Lactarius Mushrooms from Southern Spain and Northern Morocco: Reference to Daily Intake
- Author
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Alejandro R. López, Marta Barea-Sepúlveda, Gerardo F. Barbero, Marta Ferreiro-González, José Gerardo López-Castillo, Miguel Palma, and Estrella Espada-Bellido
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wild edible mushrooms ,Lactarius ,essential metals ,southern Spain ,northern Morocco ,recommended daily intake ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Mushroom consumption has increased in recent years due to their beneficial properties to the proper functioning of the body. Within this framework, the high potential of mushrooms as a source of essential elements has been reported. Therefore, the present study aims to determine the mineral content of seven essential metals, Fe, Mg, Mn, P, K, Ca, and Na, in twenty samples of mushrooms of the genus Lactarius collected from various locations in southern Spain and northern Morocco, by FAAS, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and ICP-OES after acid digestion. Statistics showed that K was the macronutrient found at the highest levels in all mushrooms studied. ANOVA showed that there were statistically significant differences among the species for K, P, and Na. The multivariate study suggested that there were differences between the accumulation of the elements according to the geographic location and species. Furthermore, the intake of 300 g of fresh mushrooms of each sample covers a high percentage of the RDI, but does not meet the recommended daily intake (RDI) for any of the metals studied, except for Fe. Even considering these benefits, the consumption of mushrooms should be moderated due to the presence of toxic metals, which may pose health risks.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Antioxidant Potential of Lactarius deliciosus and Pleurotus ostreatus from Amanos Mountains
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Adnan Bozdogan, Zeynep Ulukanlı, Fuat Bozok, Tülin Eker, Hasan Hüseyin Doğan, and Saadet Büyükalaca
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Lactarius ,Pleurotus ,antioxidant ,scavenging ,Amanos ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 ,Science ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Background: Edible mushrooms are considered as the significant source of minerals and vitamins. Lactarius deliciosus and Pleurotus ostreatus are the two known edible mushroom species because of their distinctive taste as well as nutritional properties. Methods: L. deliciosus and P. ostreatus were collected from the native flora of Amanos Mountains in Turkey. The methanol (MeOH) extract of the L. deliciosus and P. ostreatus was obtained to assess antioxidant potential, Total phenolic, flavonoid, β-carotene and lycopene content. Results: Total phenolic (mg/kg), flavonoid (mg/kg) and β-carotene (mg/100 ml) contents of the MeOH extracts of L. deliciosus and P. ostreatus were 34.55, 6.03, 1.15 and 15.66, 0.16, 0.02, respectively. Lycopene was only detected in L. deliciosus with a content of 0.25 (mg/100 ml). At 5 mg/ml, DPPH (%), RP (Abs.), H2O2 (%), NO (%) and FRAP (mmol Fe2+/L) activities of L. deliciosus and P. ostreatus were 45.33, 0,790, 88.30, 55.51, 0.57 and 17.42, 0,530, 73.77, 33.64, 0.28, respectively. Conclusion: Pearson correlation among the antioxidant results was found to be well correlated (r ≥0.90). Antioxidant results were highly correlated (r ≥0.93) with total phenolic compounds and lycopene. As of date, there has no previous work not only the NO but also H2O2 radical scavenging capabilities of L. deliciosus and P. ostreatus.
- Published
- 2018
19. First Report of Eight Milkcap Species Belonging to Lactarius and Lactifluus in Korea
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Hyun Lee, Jae Young Park, Komsit Wisitrassameewong, Min Ji Kim, Myung Soo Park, Nam Kyu Kim, Jong Kyu Lee, and Young Woon Lim
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Lactarius ,Lactifluus ,intercontinental conspecificity ,new records ,ITS ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Lactarius and Lactifluus are milkcaps that are characterized by the secretion of latex. These two genera are part of a globally distributed cosmopolitan group of ectomycorrhizal fungi that is an important food resource in various ecosystems. Recently, the taxonomy of Lactarius and Lactifluus has been revised based on molecular phylogenetics. Despite the importance of these taxa, Korean species of both genera are poorly understood. In an effort to describe milkcap species that are indigenous to Korea, a long-term study has been initiated. During a recent survey, eight species of milkcaps that were previously unrecorded in Korea were detected based on morphological observation and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region: five Lactarius species (Lactarius atromarginatus, L. austrotorminosus, L. kesiyae, L. tabidus, and L. vietus) and three Lactifluus species (Lactifluus acicularis, Lf. pilosus, and Lf. pinguis). Detailed morphological descriptions and phylogenetic relationships of these species are provided in this article.
- Published
- 2018
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20. Biologically Active Aldehydes in Extracts of Lactarius Pergamenus (Fr.) Fr Fresh Fruiting Bodies.
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Antonyuk, V. O., Panchak, L. V., Tsivinska, M. V., and Stoika, R. S.
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ALDEHYDES ,LACTARIUS ,DICHLOROMETHANE ,PHENYL compounds ,GAS chromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) - Abstract
The biologically active aldehydes in extracts of fungi of the genus Lactarius were identified. It's established that these substances are unstable, they are found in fresh and frozen fungi, but are absent in dried mushrooms and interact with 1,4-phenylenediamine to form a colored compound. Methylene chloride is the best extragent for these substances. TLC on silufol plates showed that there were several substances in Lactarius pergamenus fruiting bodies and they had varying degrees of stability. For selection of these substances, methylene chloride extract was separated on a column of silica gel. Fraction, which gave the most expressive reaction with 1,4-phenylenediamine on thin-layer chromatograms were analyzed by GC-MS both in the absence and in the presence of 1,4-phenylenediamine. As a result, it was found that 1,4-phenylenediamine or other aromatic amines interacted with highly active aldehydes, that were present in fruiting bodies. Among them 2,2-dimethylocta-3,4-dienal was the most stable and was present in the biggest quantity. This substance very rarely occurs in the vegetable kingdom and in fungi extracts of Lactarius genus wasn't previously described. Its possible function in fungi is prevention of damage by parasites and eating by animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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21. A new section, Lactifluus section Neotropicus (Russulaceae), and two new Lactifluus species from the Atlantic Forest, Brazil.
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Duque Barbosa, Jaime AndrÉs, Delgat, Lynn, Galváo Elias, Samuel, Verbeken, Annemieke, Neves, Maria Alice, and Carvalho, Aníbal alves de
- Subjects
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ECTOMYCORRHIZAL fungi , *ECTOMYCORRHIZAS , *MYCOLOGISTS - Abstract
Lactifluus is a monophyletic genus of ectomycorrhizal fungi with about 200 described species classified in four subgenera: L. subg. Gymnocarpus, L. subg. Lactariopsis, L. subg. Lactifluus, and L. subg. Pseudogymnocarpus. Currently L. subg. Lactariopsis is considered monophyletic with approximately 57 species described and classified in four sections: Albati, Edules, Lactariopsis, and Russulopsidei. There are few species of L. subg. Lactariopsis described from the Neotropical region, however local mycologists commonly collect specimens of this subgenus during their mycological surveys. The goals of the present study are to evaluate the phylogenetic and morphological relationships of the species from L. subg. Lactariopsis found in Brazil, to contribute to the knowledge of Lactifluus in Neotropical ecosystems by describing a new section in this subgenus and two new species from Brazil, and to document L. neotropicus as a new record from Brazil. Based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence we propose Lactifluus sect. Neotropicus as a new section and Lactifluus catarinensis and L. marielleae as two new species in this section. We provide a key to the species of L. sect. Neotropicus, which is shown to be a monophyletic group of Neotropical species within L. subg. Lactariopsis. The most striking characteristic of several species in L. subg. Lactariopsis is the secondary angiocarpic development, not present in the other subgenera. Species with a secondary veil can be found in two lineages that diversified more recently than the rest of the genus: L. sect. Lactariopsis and L. sect. Neotropicus. Species that show morphological affinities with the two new species in L. sect. Neotropicus described here are commonly found and we expect a greater diversity to be revealed of this section in the Neotropical region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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22. Type studies and new combinations in Brazilian milkcaps (Lactifluus, Russulaceae).
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Silva-Filho, Alexandre G. S. and Wartchow, Felipe
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AUTHORSHIP collaboration , *DRAWING , *SPECIES , *SINGERS , *TAXONOMY - Abstract
In the tropics, the diversity of ectomycorrhizal milkcaps is predominantly represented by genus Lactifluus. In Brazil, species traditionally described as Lactarius need to be revised and recombined. Thus, seven milkcaps from Amazonia and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, published by Rick, Singer and co-authors were reviewed. Lactarius amazonensis, L. brasiliensis, L. braunii, L. mamorensis and L. russula, along with the recently described L. rupestris, are combined in Lactifluus. In addition, Lactifluus annulifer together with Lf. braunii and Lf. russula, have lectotypes designated. A modern and detailed microscopic description, drawings and taxonomic discussion are provided for each species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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23. Actividad inhibitoria de extractos alcohólicos de hongos comestibles contra Rhizoctonia solani
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Narváez Montaño, Mónica de Jesús, Mendoza López, María Remedios, Sánchez Viveros, Gabriela, Almaraz Suárez, Juan José, Argumedo Delira, Rosalba, Narváez Montaño, Mónica de Jesús, Mendoza López, María Remedios, Sánchez Viveros, Gabriela, Almaraz Suárez, Juan José, and Argumedo Delira, Rosalba
- Abstract
Las enfermedades fúngicas representan una de las causas de pérdidas en cultivos anualmente. Rhizoctonia solanies un hongo patógeno de distribución mundial asociado a enfermedades de raíces y tubérculos de diferentes cultivos; ocasiona pérdidas económicas importantes en plantas perennes y anuales, incluyendo casi todos los cultivos hortícolas. Para mitigar las pérdidas por hongo se ha usadofungicidas de origen sintético; sin embargo,muchas de estas sustancias están asociadas a carcinogenicidad y son tóxicas para el ambiente. Los hongos macromicetos comestibles son una fuentede compuestos antifúngicos para controlar enfermedades en cultivos agrícolas. Este trabajo evaluó la actividad antifúngica deextractosde hongos comestibles (Lactarius deliciosus, Ustilago maydis, Amanita jacksoniiy Amanita rubescens) contra el fitopatógeno R. solanipor medio de tres técnicas: difusióndepozos,discosy dilución en placa. Los resultados muestran quecon la difusión de pozos no se observó ningún efecto sobre el crecimiento de R. solanicon los extractos alcohólicos y sus diluciones. Mientras con la difusión de discos se observó un crecimiento más lentode manera cualitativaen comparación con los controles de R. solanicon el extracto etanólico de A. jacksoniiy en su dilución 1:1 de metanol-agua. En la dilución en placa se encontróque la dilución etanol-agua 1:1 de L.deliciosustuvo 88% de inhibición sobre el crecimiento de R. solani, seguido del extracto de etanol de L. deliciosus (65%), extracto de metanol de U. maydis(63%) y extracto de metanol de L.deliciosus (57%). Por lo cual, losextractos y la dilución se deben estudiar a mayor profundidad,al ser probadosen un sistema in vivoe identificar los metabolitossecundariospresentes, Fungal diseases represent one of the causes of annual crop losses. Rhizoctonia solaniis a pathogenic fungus with worldwide distribution associated with root and tuber diseases of different crops; it causes important economic losses in perennial and annual plants, including almost all horticultural crops. To mitigate losses due to fungus, fungicides of synthetic origin have been used; however, many of these substances are associated with carcinogenicity and are toxic to the environment. Edible macromycete mushrooms are a source of antifungal compounds to control diseases in agricultural crops. This work evaluated the antifungal activity of extracts of edible mushrooms (Lactarius deliciosus, Ustilago maydis, Amanita jacksoniiand Amanita rubescens) against the phytopathogen R. solaniby means of three techniques: diffusion of wells, discs andplate dilution. The results show that with the diffusion of wells, no effect was observed on the growth of R. solaniwith the alcoholic extracts and their dilutions. While with disc diffusion, a qualitatively slower growth was observed compared to the controls of R. solaniwith the ethanolic extract of A. jacksoniiand in its 1:1 dilution of methanol-water. In the plate dilution, it was found that the 1:1 ethanol-water dilution of L. deliciosushad 88% inhibition on the growth of R. solani, followed by theethanol extract of L. deliciosus(65%), methanol extract from U.maydis(63%) and methanol extract from L. deliciosus(57%). Therefore, the extracts and the dilution must be studied in greater depth, bybeing tested in an in vivosystem and identifying the secondary metabolites present
- Published
- 2023
24. Cytotoxic Activity of Lactarius salmonicolor R.Heim&Leclair Apolar Extract Against Most Common Cancers and Determination of Cytotoxic Compounds Using GC-MS and Chemometric Techniques.
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Çam, Dilaycan, Çakır, Cansel, Sıcak, Yusuf, Mutlu, Doğukan, Akata, Ilgaz, Arslan, Sevki, and Öztürk, Mehmet
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- *
LACTARIUS , *ANTINEOPLASTIC agents , *PLANT extracts , *CHEMOMETRICS , *TASTE testing of food - Abstract
Mushrooms have become increasingly important in human nutrition due to their nutritional, pharmacological, and organoleptic properties [1]. Edible mushrooms are rich in minerals and have high water, protein, fiber, and carbohydrate content as well as low fat/energy levels, making them an excellent food for low-calorie diets [1]. Therefore, mushrooms are valuable foods because of their content. People prefer wild edible mushrooms for their aroma content and valuable nutrients, including unsaturated fatty acids, fibers, carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and minerals [2,3]. Mushrooms are well-researched for their chemical composition and biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-hypercholesterolemia, anti-hypertension, and immunomodulatory activities [1,4,5]. Fungi have attracted a great deal of attention in the last two decades, as many of them show cytotoxic activity and play an important role in the treatment of diseases such as cancer [5]. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic activity of petroleum ether extracts of Lactarius salmonicolor against colon (CaCo-2), lung (H1299), human breast (MCF-7) cancer cell lines, and kidney (HEK293) healthy cell lines by MTT assay and to determine cytotoxic ingredients using GC-MS and chemometrics. Subsequently, activity-guided fractionation was performed with the support of GC-MS elucidation. The percentage amounts of 36 common compounds elucidated from one extract, four fractions, eight sub-fractions, and their cytotoxic activity data against four cancer cell lines were subjected to Principal Component Analysis to reveal the cytotoxic compounds responsible for the total cytotoxic activity. The score and loading graphs of PCA monitored the cytotoxic compounds. In conclusion, the cytotoxic activity of the extract is due to the presence of azelaic acid, serine, sterols, and desmosterol, as well as the fatty acids, particularly long-chain fatty acids. In other words, the cytotoxic activity may be due to its polyunsaturated fatty acids and steroidal compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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25. 3D printable vegan plant-based meat analogue: Fortification with three different mushrooms, investigation of printability, and characterization.
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Demircan, Evren, Aydar, Elif Feyza, Mertdinc (Mertdinç), Zehra, Kasapoglu (Kasapoğlu), Kadriye Nur, and Ozcelik (Özçelik), Beraat
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MEAT alternatives , *MUSHROOMS , *FORTIFICATION , *GANODERMA lucidum , *PLEUROTUS ostreatus , *MAXIMUM power point trackers - Abstract
[Display omitted] • 3D printable vegan meat analogue formulation prepared. • Reishi, saffron milk-cap and oyster mushrooms incorporated with meat analogue. • Reprintability, maximum layer height performance evaluated for the first-time. • Mushrooms increased nutritional value with umami amino acids, reishi was the highest. • Mushrooms could be functional candidate for 3D printable plant-based meat analogues. In this study, a meat analogue formulation prepared using different protein sources as a printable ink for 3D printers and fortified with three different mushroom cultivars (reishi, Ganoderma lucidum (GL); saffron milk-cap, Lactarius deliciosus (LD); and oyster, Pleurotus ostreatus (PO)). 3D printing performance of the prepared inks was evaluated by factorial design in terms of nozzle height, printing speed, and flow compensation. New methods of maximum layer height and reprintability of plant-based meat analogues were conducted for the first time. Inks were characterized by analyzing rheological properties, microstructure, color characteristics, texture profile, cooking loss, amino acid content, and sensory evaluation. Results showed that the nozzle height and printing speed were found to be most effective on accuracy of prints and smoothness of layers. All inks (C, GL, LD and PO) represented shear-thinning and gel-like viscoelastic behavior (G′ > G″) with predominant elasticity (tan δ < 1). Therefore they were suited for 3D printing and possessed supporting the following layers for additive manufacturing as well as meeting the criteria for a stable structure. Meat analogue was printed successfully without perceived defects in all formulations, except the GL was looking linty. LD and PO inks brought the advantage of recycling as a result of their re-printability whereas GL could not. Moreover, mushroom fortification reduced hardness, stiffness, springiness, and chewiness properties of the meat analogues whereas it increased the juiciness with reasonable overall acceptance. Mushroom fortification also enhanced the nutritional value and improved release of umami amino acids. The findings of the study demonstrated that mushrooms could be a functional and nutritious candidate for 3D printable plant-based meat analogues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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26. Lactarius sinozonarius: a new record to Indian mycobiota from Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Verma, Komal, Uniyal, Priyanka, Kumar, Anil, and Sharma, Yash Pal
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- 2021
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27. SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF SOME ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI (RUSSULACEAE, FUNGI, BASIDIOMYCOTA) IN FOREST HABITATS FROM THE NORTH-EAST REGION (ROMANIA)
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Ovidiu COPOT, Constantin MARDARI, Tiberius BALAES, Cristiana PETRE, Ciprian BIRSAN, and Catalin TANASE
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ECM ,Lactarius ,Russula ,North-East Region ,potential distribution map ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal macromycetes are, generally, an important ecological component for forest habitats, and a valuable resource in the context of sustainable development of rural communities in the North-East Region of Romania. The woody species distribution is an extremely important factor for the ECM macromycetes presence. The purpose of this study was to elaborate maps of potential distribution for some ECM edible macromycetes from Russula and Lactarius genera, based on chorological information, ICAS Forest Types Map, vegetation tables and bibliographical sources. These information allowed the elaboration of 15 potential maps of distribution for 15 edible species of Russula and Lactarius. The study was based entirely on the plant – fungal associations. The results highlighted that in the North-East Region of Romania there is a noteworthy potential for Russulaceae species. As expected, there is a large amplitude of species presence in the field depending on the fungal specificity for tree host and tree species distribution.
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- 2016
28. Whole-genome sequence of Pseudomonas yamanorum OLsAu1 isolated from the edible wild ectomycorrhizal mushroom Lactarius sp. section Deliciosi .
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Ramírez-Mendoza R, Ángeles-Argáiz R, Lozano Aguirre-Beltrán LF, Almaraz-Suárez JJ, Hernández-Oaxaca D, Ortiz-Lopez I, and Perez-Moreno J
- Abstract
We announce the genome sequencing, assembly, and annotation of the OLsAu1 strain and its taxonomic assignment to Pseudomonas yamanorum . The isolate comes from a wild edible ectomycorrhizal Lactarius sp. mushroom in the Abies forest. There is information regarding the strain's ability to promote plant growth, indicating its potential application in forestry., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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- 2023
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29. A phylogenetic and taxonomic revision of sequestrate Russulaceae in Mediterranean and temperate Europe.
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Vidal, J. M., Alvarado, P., Loizides, M., Konstantinidis, G., Chachuła, P., Mleczko, P., Moreno, G., Vizzini, A., Krakhmalnyi, M., Paz, A., Cabero, J., Kaounas, V., Slavova, M., Moreno-Arroyo, B., and Llistosella, J.
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REVISIONS , *PHYLOGENY , *CANDIDA , *SPECIES , *MICROSCOPY - Abstract
A comprehensive morphological and genetic study of type material and new collections of sequestrate Russulales species formerly belonging to the genera Arcangeliella, Elasmomyces, Gymnomyces, Hydnangium, Hymenogaster, Macowanites, Martellia, Secotium and Zelleromyces is here undertaken, for the purpose of providing a complete taxonomical revision of sequestrate Russulaceae species in the Mediterranean and temperate regions of Europe. As a result, seven distinct taxa in the genus Lactarius and 18 in the genus Russula are identified. Six of them are new species: L. populicola, L. subgiennensis, R. bavarica, R. candidissima, R. hobartiae and R. mediterraneensis, and seven represent new combinations: L. josserandii (≡ Zelleromyces josserandii), L. soehneri (≡ Hydnangium soehneri), R. candida (≡ Hydnangium candidum), R. cerea (≡ Hydnangium cereum), R. messapica var. messapicoides (≡ Macowanites messapicoides), R. meridionalis (≡ Zelleromyces meridionalis) and R. neuhoffii (≡ Hydnangium neuhoffii). Twenty-two of the 25 taxa are illustrated, while descriptions, microscopy images, as well as extensive information on the ecology, chorology and phylogeny for all taxa are provided. A key is further included to facilitate their identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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30. Mycorrhizal syntheses between Lactarius spp. section Deliciosi and Pinus spp. and the effects of grazing insects in Yunnan, China.
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Wang, Ran, Guerin-Laguette, Alexis, Huang, Lan-Lan, Wang, Xiang-Hua, Butler, Ruth, Wang, Yun, and Yu, Fu-Qiang
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- *
LACTARIUS , *MYCORRHIZAL fungi , *VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas , *MUNG bean , *SEEDLINGS - Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) in Lactarius sect. Deliciosi produce valuable edible mushrooms. Market supplies are harvested from natural populations. Sustainable cultivation could increase commercial crop production. The first step in EMF cultivation is the production of host seedlings well colonised by the target species. The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of vegetative versus spore inoculum for controlled mycorrhizal synthesis between Lactarius and Pinus species native to China. Inoculated seedlings were incubated in a glasshouse for up to 14 months. Mycorrhizae were synthesised, using vegetative inoculum, for 13 distinct combinations of five Pinus and five Lactarius species, 12 of these unprecedented. Spore inoculation was not successful. The successful mycorrhization presented here provides a foundation for establishing mushroom orchards, with L. deliciosus × P. yunnanensis or P. radiata, L. hatsudake × P. yunnanensis or P. tabuliformis, and L. vividus × P. massoniana or P. radiata appearing as promising symbionts for cultivation. Beginning 5 months following inoculation, mycorrhizal seedlings underwent extensive insect grazing. Adult forms of Bradysia impatiens were the most frequent insects caught on sticky traps, while their larvae were observed foraging through roots. The control of insects in the nursery will be critical to large-scale production of mycorrhizal seedlings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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31. Lactifluus bicapillus (Russulales, Russulaceae), a new species from the Guineo-Congolian rainforest.
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De Crop, Eske, Lescroart, Jonas, Njouonkou, André-Ledoux, De Lange, Ruben, Van de Putte, Kobeke, and Verbeken, Annemieke
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- *
BIODIVERSITY , *RUSSULACEAE - Abstract
The milkcap genus Lactifluus is one of the most common ectomycorrhizal genera within Central African rainforests. During a field trip to the Dja Biosphere Reserve in Cameroon, a new Lactifluus species was found. Molecular and morphological analyses indicate that the species belongs to Lactifluus section Xerampelini and we formally describe it here as Lactifluus bicapillus sp. nov. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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32. Characterization and comparative analysis of six complete mitochondrial genomes from ectomycorrhizal fungi of the Lactarius genus and phylogenetic analysis of the Agaricomycetes.
- Author
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Li, Qiang, Wang, Qiangfeng, Jin, Xin, Chen, Zuqin, Xiong, Chuan, Li, Ping, Liu, Qiaofeng, and Huang, Wenli
- Subjects
- *
LACTARIUS , *PHYLOGENETIC models , *ECTOMYCORRHIZAL fungi , *MYCORRHIZAL fungi , *RUSSULACEAE - Abstract
Abstract Lactarius is one of the most prominent genera of mushroom-forming fungi in the world. In the present study, complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) from six Lactarius species were sequenced and assembled. The six mitogenomes were all composed of circular DNA molecules, with total lengths ranging from 38,445 bp to 60,843 bp. The GC contents, GC skews, and AT skews of the mitogenomes varied among the six species. Mitogenomic synteny analysis revealed the presence of gene rearrangements among the mitogenomes. Among the 15 core protein coding genes (PCGs) within the mitogenomes, nad4L exhibited the least genetic distance among species, indicating a high degree of conservation. In addition, the Ka/Ks values for all 15 core PCGs were <1, suggesting that they were subject to purifying selection. Comparative analyses indicated that the increase of intron numbers and sizes contributed to the expansion of mitogenomes in Lactarius. Phylogenetic analyses based on three combined gene datasets yielded identical and well-supported (BPP ≥ 0.83) topologies, dividing the six Lactarius species into two groups. This study provides the first report of mitogenomes from Lactarius and promotes further understanding of the genetics, evolution, and phylogenetic relationships of this important ectomycorrhizal fungal genus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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33. 中国乳菇属真菌一新记录种--思茅乳菇.
- Author
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陈言柳, 刘 萌, 张林平, 苏明声, and 吴 斐
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
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34. 乳菇类外生菌根食用菌研究进展.
- Author
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陈新, 康恒, and 边银丙
- Abstract
Copyright of Mycosystema is the property of Mycosystema Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
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- View/download PDF
35. Two Lactarius species (subgenus Plinthogalus) in ectomycorrhizal association with tropical Quercus trees in eastern Mexico.
- Author
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Herrera, Mariana, Montoya, Leticia, and Bandala, Victor M.
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LACTARIUS , *RUSSULALES , *ECTOMYCORRHIZAL fungi , *FUNGAL ecology , *TAXONOMY - Abstract
Two species of Lactarius are documented from fragments of tropical lowland oak forest in central Veracruz. Lactarius trichodermoides, described here as new, was found in association with Quercus sapotifolia and Lactarius subplinthogalus with Quercus glaucescens. Both Lactarius species were identified morphologically and supported by phylogenetic analyses of nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and D1-D2 domains of nuc 28S rDNA sequences. Confirmation of mycobionts in ectomycorrhizal (ECM) associations was verified by molecular identification of ECM root tips. Detailed macroscopic and microscopic descriptions and photographs and illustrations of basidiomes and ectomycorrhizas are presented. The new binomial Lactarius chiangmaiensis is proposed for L. subplinthogalus var. chiangmaiensis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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36. Comparative study on the structure characterization and immune activity of Lactarius vellereus Fr. polysaccharide (LV-1) and Cordyceps militaris (L. ex Fr.) Link. polysaccharide (CM-S)
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Yiling Hou, Xiang Ding, and Song Zhiqiang
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Immune system ,biology ,Biochemistry ,Chemistry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Lactarius ,Cordyceps militaris ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,biology.organism_classification ,Polysaccharide ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Food Science - Published
- 2021
37. Lactarius (sect. Uvidi) Bon
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Bera, Ishika, Das, Kanad, and Datta, Bejoysekhar
- Subjects
Agaricomycetes ,Russulaceae ,Basidiomycota ,Fungi ,Biodiversity ,Lactarius ,Russulales ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Key to the species of Lactarius sect. Uvidi known worldwide 1a. Cap violaceous to brownish or greyish..............................................................................................................................................2 1b. Cap cream to yellowish....................................................................................................................................................................12 2a. Habitat sub-alpine (> 2700 m).............................................................................................................................................................3 2b. Habitat temperate deciduous (800–2700 m).......................................................................................................................................5 3a. Basidiospores densely reticulate; cap greyish buff to clay buff................................................................................. L. pseudouvidus 3b. Basidiospores incompletely reticulate; cap brownish to vinaceous...................................................................................................4 4a. Cap brownish vinaceous, grey to dark vinaceous; larger basidiospores (8.8–11.9 × 6.7–8.6 μm); odor of cedar-oil...................................................................................................................................................................................................... L. brunneoviolaceus 4b. Cap umber to sienna to brown vinaceous; rather smaller basidiospores (8.0–10.5 × 6.9–8.8 μm); odor of pear.......... L. pyriodorus 5a. Pileus with a distinct papillate umbo (papilla up to 7 mm high).................................................................................... L. hrdovensis 5b. Pileus without any papilla..................................................................................................................................................................6 6a. Cap slightly zonate with watery or vinaceous spots, greasy but not slimy.......................................................................... L. luridus 6b. Cap hardly zonate with no such spots, slimy, viscid to glutinous......................................................................................................7 7a. Cap covered with bundles of glutinous hairs.................................................................................................................... L. formosus 7b. Cap never covered with glutinous hairs.............................................................................................................................................8 8a. Basidiospores with rounded warts and ridges....................................................................................................................................9 8b. Basidiospores never with rounded warts and ridges........................................................................................................................10 9a. Stipe slender, shiny when dry, slightly slimy when young and fresh.................................................................................... L. uvidus 9b. Stipe thick, dry and unpolished, not becoming shiny....................................................................................................... L. montanus 10a. Cap never zonate; taste bitter; context turning pale violet to greyish violet on exposure, basidiospores 6.0–9.5 × 5.0–8.0 μm........................................................................................................................................................................................... L. indoviolaceus 10b. Cap azonate to zonate; taste mild or acrid; context turning violet to purple on exposure, basidiospores 7.5–11.3 × 6.4–8.5 µm................................................................................................................................................................................................................11 11a. Taste mild; cap greyish buff to brownish violet; context turning dark purple on exposure; larger basidiospores 7.6–11.3 × 6.4–8.5 µm.................................................................................................................................................................................... L. violascens 11b. Taste acrid; cap pale olive; context turning violet on exposure; smaller basidiospores 7.5–9.5 × 7–8.5 µm....... L. olivaceopallidus 12a. Cap margin bearded or hairy; fruitbodies medium to large (30–160 mm).......................................................................................13 12b. Cap margin smooth or tomentose only when young; fruitbodies smaller (10–70 mm)...................................................................14 13a. Cap whitish chrome to pale cream, hairy only at margin; stipe short (length 20–30 mm)........................................ L. dryadophilus 13b. Cap brighter yellow, abundant hairs and scales all over; stipe long (length 40–125 mm).................................... L. repraesentaneus 14a. Cap 10–50 mm.................................................................................................................................................................................15 14b. Cap larger (> 50 mm)........................................................................................................................................................................16 15a. Fruitbodies slender and fragile; cap sometimes ochraceous in the centre, margin hardly crenulate; basidiospores almost reticulate............................................................................................................................................................................. L. salicis-herbaceae 15b. Fruitbodies not quite fragile or slender; cap with no such ochraceous color, margin sometimes crenulate; basidiospores not reticulate.............................................................................................................................................................. L. salicis-reticidatae 16a. Lamellae and context turning dark brownish violet to dark livid red when bruised; taste acrid; basidiospores ornamentation reaching 1 µm high............................................................................................................................................................................. L. flavidus 16b. Lamellae and context turning lilac when bruised; taste mild to bitter; basidiospores ornamentation reaching 0.5 µm high......................................................................................................................................................................................................... L. aspideus, Published as part of Bera, Ishika, Das, Kanad & Datta, Bejoysekhar, 2022, A new species of Lactarius sect. Uvidi (Russulaceae) from India, pp. 203-212 in Phytotaxa 576 (2) on pages 209-210, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.576.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7461320
- Published
- 2022
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38. Lactarius indoviolaceus I. Bera & K. Das 2022, sp. nov
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Bera, Ishika, Das, Kanad, and Datta, Bejoysekhar
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Lactarius indoviolaceus ,Agaricomycetes ,Russulaceae ,Basidiomycota ,Fungi ,Biodiversity ,Lactarius ,Russulales ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Lactarius indoviolaceus I. Bera & K. Das sp. nov. Figs. 2, 3 MycoBank:— MB 844780 GenBank:— ON951745 (nrITS, Holotype) and ON951747 (nrITS) Diagnosis:—A medium-sized Lactarius that can be separated from its closest relative, L. pyriodorus with its non-zonate, greyish yellow pileus and yellowish white stipe which turn pale violet on bruising or exposure of the context, much thinner pileipellis, and growth under Castanopsis spp. Type:— INDIA. Arunachal Pradesh, West Kameng district: Shergaon, N 27°07.810’ E 092°15.116’, Elev. 2243 m, 22 July 2019, I . Bera & K. Das, IB 19-015 (CAL 1876, holotype!). Etymology:—The epithet refers to the basidiomata staining pale violet on bruising and occurring in India. Description:— Pileus 65–75 mm diam., planoconvex with a deep central depression; surface moist, very greasy, finely and faintly rugulose in the centre, greyish yellow (4B3) at centre, lighter towards margin; margin regular, entire, smooth, incurved. Lamellae subdecurrent, close (10 L+l /cm at pilear margin), sometimes forked; lamellulae present, in 5 series; edge entire; yellowish grey (3–4B3), immediately turning pale violet (17A3) on bruising. Stipe 120–140 × 2–2.5 mm, central, cylindric with much broader base; surface viscid, finely rugulose, yellowish white (1–2A2) changing to pale violet on bruising, white mycelium present at the base. Context in pileus thin, pithy in stipe, yellowish white (1A2), almost immediately turning pale violet to greyish violet (17A–B3) on exposure, dull green (27E4) in KOH, brownish in guaiac and unchanging in FeSO 4. Latex moderate, watery white, turning cut lamellae pale violet. Taste very bitter. Odor pleasant. Spore print not obtained. Basidiospores 6.0– 7.5 –9.5 × 5.0– 6.3 –8.0 μm, (n = 30, Q = 1.14– 1.26 –1.49), subglobose to ellipsoid; ornamentation amyloid, up to 0.8–1.1 µm high, composed of isolated or aligned warts and ridges to form an incomplete reticulum; suprahilar spot inamyloid. Basidia 44.2–59.0 × 11.7–12.5 µm, subclavate, 4-spored; sterigmata 4.0–5.0 × 1.2–1.4 µm. Pleuromacrocystidia abundant, 58.0–103 × 7.9–11.0 µm, emergent up to 40.3 µm, subcylindric with fusoid, subfusoid, mucronate, capitate, subcapitate to appendiculate apices, thin-walled; content dense, crystalline, needlelike. Pleuropseudocystidia scarce to abundant, up to 3 µm wide, emergent, cylindrical to slightly tortuous, with rounded apex. Lamellae edge fertile with basidia and basidioles. Cheilomacrocystidia not found. Subhymenium up to 10.5 µm thick, cellular. Hymenophoral trama composed of lactifers and nests of sphaerocytes connected with connecting hyphae. Pileipellis up to 173.5 µm thick, an ixocutis to ixotrichoderm composed of interwoven, septate, mostly ascending hyphae (8.6–29.2 × 2.0–3.0 μm) intermixed with lactiferous hyphae. Stipitipellis up to 70.2 μm thick, an ixocutis, composed of interwoven, septate hyphae (7.5–27 × 1.2–1.5 μm). Clamp connections absent in all tissues. Habitat and distribution:—Growing solitary on soil in association with Castanopsis sp. in West Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh. Additional specimen examined:— INDIA. Arunachal Pradesh, West Kameng district: Shergaon, N 27°09.216’, E 092°16.174’, Elev. 2369 m, 26 July 2019, I . Bera & K. Das, IB 19-066 (CAL 1877)., Published as part of Bera, Ishika, Das, Kanad & Datta, Bejoysekhar, 2022, A new species of Lactarius sect. Uvidi (Russulaceae) from India, pp. 203-212 in Phytotaxa 576 (2) on page 206, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.576.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7461320
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- 2022
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39. Factors influencing successful establishment of exotic Pinus radiata seedlings with co-introduced Lactarius deliciosus or local ectomycorrhizal fungal communities
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Wang, Ran, Wang, Yanliang, Guerin-Laguette, Alexis, Zhang, Peng, Colinas, C. (Carlos), and Yu, Fuqiang
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Pins ,Microbiology (medical) ,Extracellular enzyme ,Suillus ,Enzims extracel·lulars ,Fungal community ,Rhizosphere ,Exotic Pine ,Lactarius ,Microbiology - Abstract
An introduction of exotic or non-native trees may fail due to a lack of suitable fungal partners. We planted exotic Pinus radiata in Xifeng, Guizhou Southwest China. Strategies to introduce P. radiata seedlings either colonized with an ectomycorrhizal fungus (EcMF), Lactarius deliciosus, or expect them to form familiar/new associations with local EcMF in a new habitat were studied to know how P. radiata could be successfully established over a period of 2.5 years. Plant height and needle nutrient acquisition, the persistence of the co-introduced L. deliciosus, and fungal community composition in rhizosphere soil and root tips were analyzed. In addition, a greenhouse bioassay experiment of local soil to assess the differences in the EcMF community between exotic and native pine seedlings was also conducted. The current results demonstrated that P. radiata could establish in the Xifeng plantation with or without co-introduced L. deliciosus. The co-introduced L. deliciosus might be naturalized with P. radiata in the new area since it has been fruited for 2 years with high relative abundance in mycorrhizosphere soil. L. deliciosus pre-colonization significantly altered the mycorrhizosphere fungal composition and it had a positive correlation with nitrogen acquisition of P. radiata. Host identity had no effect on fungal composition since exotic P. radiata and native P. massoniana recruited similar local fungal communities in early establishment or in plantation. The cosmopolitan species Suillus placidus, with high relative abundance, formed a familiar association with P. radiata. The greenhouse bioassay experiment further showed that Suillus sp. contributed relatively higher total extracellular enzymes by forming ectomycorrhizas with P. radiata and the same type of ectomycorrhiza of P. radiata and P. massoniana showed different enzymatic functions. Our study indicated that exotic P. radiata could be a suitable tree capable to get established successfully in the Xifeng plantation either by interaction with the co-introduced L. deliciosus or with a local EcMF, but we should be cautious about large-scale planting of P. radiata. L. deliciosus persisted in plantation and more attention should be paid to local EcMF community changes induced by the introduced L. deliciosus.
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- 2022
40. Chitin Extraction and Chitosan Production from Cell Wall of Two Mushroom Species (Lactarius Vellereus and Phyllophora Ribis).
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Erdogan, S., Kaya, M., and Akata, I.
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POLYSACCHARIDES , *BIOPOLYMERS , *LACTARIUS , *SYMPATRIC speciation , *GENETICS - Abstract
Chitin is an important polysaccharide found as supporting material in the cell wall of mushrooms. In this study, chitin and chitosan were obtained from the cell wall of two different mushroom species using chemical method and physicochemically characterized. The dry weight chitin contents of the mushroom species were determined as 11.4% for Lactarius vellereus and 7.9% for Phyllophora ribis. Chitosan yields of the chitins isolated from L. vellereus and P. ribis were 73.1% and 75.3%, respectively. While, the maximum degradation temperatures of L. vellereus and P. ribis chitins were found to be 354°C and 275°C by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the maximum degradation temperature of the chitosans obtained from these chitins were recorded as 262°C and 229°C, respectively. The crystalline index values of L. vellereus and P. ribis chitins were calculated as 64% and 49%, respectively according to the X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) results. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that there were no nanofiber or nanopores on the surface of the chitins and chitosans obtained from these two mushroom species. The results of this study revealed that L. vellereus and P. ribis had higher chitin contents than some other insects and mushroom species recorded in the literature and these species may be used as a potential chitin sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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41. Element distribution in fruiting bodies of Lactarius pubescens with focus on rare earth elements.
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Grawunder, Anja and Gube, Matthias
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FRUITING bodies (Fungi) , *LACTARIUS , *RARE earth metals , *FUNGAL aging , *FUNGAL growth - Abstract
During growth and senescence, fungal fruiting bodies accumulate essential and non–essential elements to different extent in their compartments. This study bases on a dataset of 32 basidiocarps of the ectomycorrhizal Lactarius pubescens sampled in a former U mining area. Statistical analyses were combined with rare earth element (REE, La–Lu) patterns to study the element distribution within sporocarp compartments and between three different age classes. For this purpose, fruiting bodies were separated into stipe, pileus trama, pileipelles and lamellae, dried and digested with HNO 3 . While macronutrient (e.g. K, Mg, P, S) contents resemble those of a non–mining affected site, several elements (e.g. Co, Mn) were site–specifically taken up relative to elevated soil contents. With statistics, two main element distribution groups for L. pubescens were revealed: mainly essential (Cu, Mg, Mn, P, S, Zn, Cd, Co, Ni) and mainly non–essential elements (Al, Ca, Fe, Sr, U, REE). The highest REE contents were found in pileipelles and lamellae, corresponding to relatively small cell sizes. Stipes and pileus trama had low REE contents due to their function as transport systems. During growth, light REE (La–Nd) were strongly enriched in lamellae and pileipelles. Middle REE (Sm–Dy) enrichment was found both in soil and fungal biomass. Contents of nutrients decrease with age, while non–essential elements are enriched especially in pileipelles and lamellae. A weak positive Ce anomaly appeared in the bioavailable soil fraction and in the pileipelles of younger individuals. Substrate dependent uptake thus gets reduced with sporocarp senescence, possibly due to redistribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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42. Novel diversity in Lactifluus section Gerardii from Asia: five new species with pleurotoid or small agaricoid basidiocarps.
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De Crop, Eske, Hampe, Felix, Wisitrassameewong, Komsit, Stubbe, Dirk, Nuytinck, Jorinde, and Verbeken, Annemieke
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- *
BASIDIOCARPS , *RUSSULACEAE , *FUNGI diversity , *FUNGAL morphology - Abstract
The ectomycorrhizal milkcap genus Lactifluus (Russulaceae) is commonly found in tropical and subtropical forests of Southeast Asia. During several sampling expeditions in Thailand, multiple collections of Lactifluus (Lf.) species with pleurotoid or small agaricoid basidiocarps were found. A molecular study was combined with a morphological study, in which the collections were compared with herbarium material. The molecular study indicated that four Thai collections belonged to undescribed species within Lactifluus section Gerardii, as was also the case for herbarium collections of a pleurotoid species from Nepal. One other collection from Thailand appeared closely related to Lf. uyedae, known only from Japan. Five species are described as new in the genus: Lf. auriculiformis, Lf. gerardiellus, Lf. bhandaryi, Lf. pulchrellus, and Lf. raspei. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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43. Sensory properties of Nordic edible mushrooms.
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Aisala, Heikki, Laaksonen, Oskar, Manninen, Hanna, Raittola, Auri, Hopia, Anu, and Sandell, Mari
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MUSHROOMS , *SENSORY evaluation , *CHANTERELLE , *BOLETUS edulis , *LACTARIUS - Abstract
Edible mushrooms are a global food with a history of consumption spanning several millennia. However, studies utilizing modern sensory methods on mushrooms are still scarce. In this study, the sensory properties of Nordic edible mushrooms were analyzed by two methods. In the sensory profile, sous vide processed wild mushroom species Cantharellus cibarius, Craterellus tubaeformis, Boletus edulis, and Lactarius camphoratus were studied with cultivated Agaricus bisporus as a control species. The sensory profile consisted of 18 descriptors, and the 5 mushrooms differed from each other in all of them. Only B. edulis and A. bisporus were linked to typical mushroom-like odor. In projective mapping, consumers evaluated blanched wild C. cibarius, C. tubaeformis and Suillus variegatus as well as cultivated Lentinula edodes and both blanched and fresh A. bisporus based on odor and on flavor . The consumers intuitively grouped the samples into three groups: wild, fresh cultivated and processed cultivated mushrooms. Wild mushrooms had a high odor intensity and various odor descriptions but a low flavor intensity. Cultivated mushrooms had opposite descriptions. Both tests showed differences in the sensory descriptors between the cultivated and wild mushrooms with the former linked to typical ‘mushroom’, indicating the importance and need for descriptive profiles for different mushroom types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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44. Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 51-60.
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Wang, Xiang-Hua, Das, Kanad, Horman, Joel, Antonin, Vladimir, Baghela, Abhishek, Chakraborty, Dyutiparna, Hembrom, Manoj E., Nakasone, Karen, Ortiz-Santana, Beatriz, Vizzini, Alfredo, Hofstetter, Valérie, and Buyck, Bart
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BIODIVERSITY ,BASIDIOMYCETES ,ASCOMYCETES ,CANTHARELLALES ,LACTARIUS - Abstract
Abstract. In this new series of Fungal Biodiversity Profiles, the authors describe ten species new to science, nine basidiomycetes and one ascomycete, using both morphological and molecular data. Descriptions are provided for Hydnum berkeleyanum sp. nov. (Cantharellales), for Lactarius ambiguus, L. furfuraceus, L. orientaliquietus, L. subhirtipes, Russula blennia, R. pseudociliata (Russulales), Marasmius pseudohypochrysoides, Radulomyces paumanokensis (Agaricales) and Urnula himalayana (Pezizales). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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45. Seasonal dynamics of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Lactarius vinosus are altered by changes in soil moisture and temperature.
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Castaño, Carles, Martínez de Aragón, Juan, Alday, Josu G., Bonet, José Antonio, Parladé, Javier, and Pera, Joan
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ECTOMYCORRHIZAL fungi , *FOREST soils , *CARBON in soils , *NITROGEN cycle , *SOIL moisture , *SOIL temperature - Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal fungi are important components of the carbon and nitrogen cycles in forest soils and improve the nutrient uptake of many plants. There have been few assessments of how soil fungal biomass is affected by climate; however, a good understanding of how soil mycelium is correlated with climate is essential to predict long-term responses to global warming. Soil extramatrical mycelia (EMM) of Lactarius vinosus , a highly valued and edible ectomycorrhizal species, was quantified by performing qPCR analyses of soil samples that were collected monthly from 28 long-term experimental plots. The belowground moisture and temperature of these plots were individually recorded every 2 h. L. vinosus soil EMM biomass fluctuated between 44 and 261 kg ha −1 , with the maximum biomass occurring during spring months and the minimum occurring during winter and summer months. Mean mycelial turnover was estimated to occur 7.0 times year −1 . Soil EMM was reduced under low soil temperatures and when there was a combination of high soil temperatures and low soil moisture, most likely caused by reduced C allocation from the host under both winter and summer conditions. Preliminary models using simulated reductions in soil moisture and increases in soil temperature showed that soil EMM increased significantly during winter–spring months, whereas EMM decreased significantly during summer months. These results suggest that warmer conditions would lengthen the period of L. vinosus biological activity during winter months, whereas increasing periods of drought would prevent the growth of this species during summer months. Our study shows significant soil EMM seasonality and highlights potential climate-driven annual cycle shifts of soil mycelia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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46. Lactarius kumaonensis sp. nov. (Russulaceae) from Uttarakhand, India.
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Uniyal, Priyanka, Das, Kanad, Bhatt, R. P., Singh, Upendra, and Mehmood, Tahir
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LACTARIUS , *FUNGAL morphology , *LATEX , *FUNGAL phylogeny - Abstract
Lactarius kumaonensis, characterized by the combination of presence of greyish olive viscid pileus with glutinous crenulate margin, unchanging white latex and very thick ixocutis type of pileipellis, is proposed as new to science. A detailed macro- and micro-morphological description, illustrations and ITS-based phylogenetic reconstructions are also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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47. Morphological and Phylogenetic Evidence for Two New Lactarius Species (Russulales, Basidiomycota) from India.
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Das, Kanad, Verbeken, Annemieke, Chakraborty, Dyutiparna, Avchar, Rameshwar, and Baghela, Abhishek
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LACTARIUS ,PLANT species ,PLANT morphology ,MIXED forests ,LATEX - Abstract
Lactarius ferruginascens sp. nov. and L. indoaquosus sp. nov. are described from the East and South districts of Sikkim, a small Himalayan state in India. Macro- and micromorphological descriptions coupled with the illustrations and nrITS-based molecular analyses are given for both species. Lactarius ferruginascens is a species in L. subg. Plinthogalus with striking features such as a sticky pileus surface caused by the ixohymeniderm structure of the pileipellis, watery white latex which is turning rusty brown on the lamellae and the occurrence under Abies sp. in the subalpine mixed forest. Lactarius indoaquosus is a new representative of L. subg. Russularia with completely transparent and unchanging latex and is furthermore characterized by basidiospores with a zebroid ornamentation, the absence of hymenial macrocystidia and the occurrence under Castanopsis sp. in the temperate broadleaf forest. Both species are illustrated and compared with related taxa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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48. Seven new species of Lactarius subg. Lactarius (Russulaceae) from southwestern China.
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WANG Xiang‐Hua
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LACTARIUS ,FOREST fungi ,FORESTS & forestry ,FUNGI classification ,HYPHAE of fungi ,FUNGAL morphology - Abstract
Copyright of Mycosystema is the property of Mycosystema Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2017
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49. Effective biosorption of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution using wild macrofungus (Lactarius piperatus)
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Birol Isik, Özlem Cankurtaran, and Volkan Ugraskan
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Aqueous solution ,biology ,Contact time ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,General Chemical Engineering ,fungi ,Kinetics ,Biosorption ,Filtration and Separation ,General Chemistry ,biology.organism_classification ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Error analysis ,Lactarius ,Methylene blue ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
In this study, the biosorption of methylene blue (MB) dye using the wild macrofungus (Lactarius piperatus) (LP) was studied. To determine the optimum conditions, the effects of contact time, initia...
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- 2021
50. Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Lactifluus (Russulales, Basidiomycota) of South Korea
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Annemieke Verbeken, Young Woon Lim, Jonathan J. Fong, Changmu Kim, Komsit Wissitrassameewong, Hyun Lee, and Myung Soo Park
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food.ingredient ,biology ,milkcap ,Botany ,Basidiomycota ,multilocus phylogeny ,Lactifluus ,biology.organism_classification ,Microbiology ,diversity ,species delimitation ,Infectious Diseases ,food ,Genus ,QK1-989 ,Lactarius ,Russulales - Abstract
Lactifluus (Pers.) Roussel is an ectomycorrhizal genus that was recently recognized to be distinct from the genus Lactarius. To date, 216 Lactifluus species have been reported worldwide. Misidentification of Lactifluus species is common because of intraspecific morphological variation, cryptic diversity, and the limited number of taxonomic keys available. Molecular data are indispensable for species delimitation; a multilocus phylogenetic analysis showed that most Asian Lactifluus species are not conspecific with morphologically similar species present on other continents. In particular, Korea has misused European and North American Lactifluus names. In this study, we evaluated the taxonomy of Lactifluus in Korea using both morphological and multilocus molecular (ITS, nrLSU, rpb1, and rpb2) data. We examined 199 Lactifluus specimens collected between 1980 and 2016, and a total of 24 species across the four Lactifluus subgenera were identified. All Korean species are distinct and clearly separated from European and North American species. Five taxa corresponded to previously described species from Asia and the remaining 19 taxa are confirmed as new species. Herein, we provide keys to the Korean Lactifluus species within their subgenera, molecular phylogenies, a summary of diversity, and detailed description of the new species.
- Published
- 2021
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