465 results on '"Lewis A. Lipsitz"'
Search Results
2. Brain activity during dual-task standing in older adults
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Melike Kahya, Natalia A. Gouskova, On-Yee Lo, Junhong Zhou, Davide Cappon, Emma Finnerty, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Jeffrey M. Hausdorff, and Brad Manor
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Electroencephalography ,Brain activity ,Dual-tasking ,Posture ,Older adults ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Abstract Background In older adults, the extent to which performing a cognitive task when standing diminishes postural control is predictive of future falls and cognitive decline. The neurophysiology of such “dual-tasking” and its effect on postural control (i.e., dual-task cost) in older adults are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to use electroencephalography (EEG) to examine the effects of dual-tasking when standing on brain activity in older adults. We hypothesized that compared to single-task “quiet” standing, dual-task standing would decrease alpha power, which has been linked to decreased motor inhibition, as well as increase the ratio of theta to beta power, which has been linked to increased attentional control. Methods Thirty older adults without overt disease completed four separate visits. Postural sway together with EEG (32-channels) were recorded during trials of standing with and without a concurrent verbalized serial subtraction dual-task. Postural control was measured by average sway area, velocity, and path length. EEG metrics included absolute alpha-, theta-, and beta-band powers as well as theta/beta power ratio, within six demarcated regions-of-interest: the left and right anterior, central, and posterior regions of the brain. Results Most EEG metrics demonstrated moderate-to-high between-day test–retest reliability (intra-class correlation coefficients > 0.70). Compared with quiet standing, dual-tasking decreased alpha-band power particularly in the central regions bilaterally (p = 0.002) and increased theta/beta power ratio in the anterior regions bilaterally (p
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- 2022
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3. Extended effects of a wearable sensory prosthesis on gait, balance function and falls after 26 weeks of use in persons with peripheral neuropathy and high fall risk—The walk2Wellness trial
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Lars I. E. Oddsson, Teresa Bisson, Helen S. Cohen, Ikechukwu Iloputaife, Laura Jacobs, Doris Kung, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Brad Manor, Patricia McCracken, Yvonne Rumsey, Diane M. Wrisley, and Sara R. Koehler-McNicholas
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peripheral neuropathy ,falls ,balance ,gait speed ,neuromodulation ,clinical trial ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
BackgroundWe recently reported that individuals with impaired plantar sensation and high fall risk due to sensory peripheral neuropathy (PN) improved gait and balance function following 10 weeks of use of Walkasins®, a wearable lower limb sensory prosthesis that provides directional specific mechanical tactile stimuli related to plantar pressure measurements during standing and walking (RxFunction Inc., Eden Prairie, MN, United States). Here, we report 26-week outcomes and compare pre- and in-study fall rates. We expected improvements in outcomes and reduced fall rates reported after 10 weeks of use to be sustained.Materials and methodsParticipants had clinically diagnosed PN with impaired plantar sensation, high fall risk (Functional Gait Assessment, FGA score < 23) and ability to sense tactile stimuli above the ankle at the location of the device. Additional outcomes included 10 m Gait Speed, Timed Up and Go (TUG), Four-Stage Balance Test, and self-reported outcomes, including Activities-Specific Balance Confidence scale and Vestibular Disorders Activities of Daily Living Scale. Participants tracked falls using a calendar.ResultsWe assessed falls and self-reported outcomes from 44 individuals after 26 weeks of device use; 30 of them conducted in-person testing of clinical outcomes. Overall, improvements in clinical outcomes seen at 10 weeks of use remained sustained at 26 weeks with statistically significant increases compared to baseline seen in FGA scores (from 15.0 to 19.2), self-selected gait speed (from 0.89 to 0.97 m/s), and 4-Stage Balance Test (from 25.6 to 28.4 s), indicating a decrease in fall risk. Non-significant improvements were observed in TUG and fast gait speed. Overall, 39 falls were reported; 31 of them did not require medical treatment and four caused severe injury. Participants who reported falls over 6 months prior to the study had a 43% decrease in fall rate during the study as compared to self-report 6-month pre-study (11.8 vs. 6.7 falls/1000 patient days, respectively, p < 0.004), similar to the 46% decrease reported after 10 weeks of use.ConclusionA wearable sensory prosthesis can improve outcomes of gait and balance function and substantially decreases incidence of falls during long-term use. The sustained long-term benefits in clinical outcomes reported here lessen the likelihood that improvements are placebo effects.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier #NCT03538756.
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- 2022
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4. Electroencephalogram-Based Complexity Measures as Predictors of Post-operative Neurocognitive Dysfunction
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Leah Acker, Christine Ha, Junhong Zhou, Brad Manor, Charles M. Giattino, Ken Roberts, Miles Berger, Mary Cooter Wright, Cathleen Colon-Emeric, Michael Devinney, Sandra Au, Marty G. Woldorff, Lewis A. Lipsitz, and Heather E. Whitson
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electroencephalogram (EEG) ,complexity ,resilience ,cognition ,attention ,anesthesia ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Physiologic signals such as the electroencephalogram (EEG) demonstrate irregular behaviors due to the interaction of multiple control processes operating over different time scales. The complexity of this behavior can be quantified using multi-scale entropy (MSE). High physiologic complexity denotes health, and a loss of complexity can predict adverse outcomes. Since postoperative delirium is particularly hard to predict, we investigated whether the complexity of preoperative and intraoperative frontal EEG signals could predict postoperative delirium and its endophenotype, inattention. To calculate MSE, the sample entropy of EEG recordings was computed at different time scales, then plotted against scale; complexity is the total area under the curve. MSE of frontal EEG recordings was computed in 50 patients ≥ age 60 before and during surgery. Average MSE was higher intra-operatively than pre-operatively (p = 0.0003). However, intraoperative EEG MSE was lower than preoperative MSE at smaller scales, but higher at larger scales (interaction p < 0.001), creating a crossover point where, by definition, preoperative, and intraoperative MSE curves met. Overall, EEG complexity was not associated with delirium or attention. In 42/50 patients with single crossover points, the scale at which the intraoperative and preoperative entropy curves crossed showed an inverse relationship with delirium-severity score change (Spearman ρ = −0.31, p = 0.054). Thus, average EEG complexity increases intra-operatively in older adults, but is scale dependent. The scale at which preoperative and intraoperative complexity is equal (i.e., the crossover point) may predict delirium. Future studies should assess whether the crossover point represents changes in neural control mechanisms that predispose patients to postoperative delirium.
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- 2021
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5. Multiscale Dynamics of Blood Pressure Fluctuation Is Associated With White Matter Lesion Burden in Older Adults With and Without Hypertension: Observations From a Pilot Study
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Xin Jiang, Yi Guo, Yue Zhao, Xia Gao, Dan Peng, Hui Zhang, Wuhong Deng, Wen Fu, Na Qin, Ruizhen Chang, Brad Manor, Lewis A. Lipsitz, and Junhong Zhou
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hypertension ,beat-to-beat blood pressure fluctuation ,multiscale entropy ,white matter lesions ,older adults ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Background: White matter lesions (WMLs) are highly prevalent in older adults, and hypertension is one of the main contributors to WMLs. The blood pressure (BP) is regulated by complex underlying mechanisms over multiple time scales, thus the continuous beat-to-beat BP fluctuation is complex. The association between WMLs and hypertension may be manifested as diminished complexity of BP fluctuations. The aim of this pilot study is to explore the relationships between hypertension, BP complexity, and WMLs in older adults.Method: Fifty-three older adults with clinically diagnosed hypertension and 47 age-matched older adults without hypertension completed one MRI scan and one BP recording of 10–15 min when sitting quietly. Their cerebral WMLs were assessed by two neurologists using the Fazekas scale based on brain structural MRI of each of their own. Greater score reflected higher WML grade. The complexity of continuous systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BP series was quantified using multiscale entropy (MSE). Lower MSE reflected lower complexity.Results: Compared to the non-hypertensive group, hypertensives had significantly greater Fazekas scores (F > 5.3, p < 0.02) and lower SBP and DBP complexity (F > 8.6, p < 0.004). Both within each group (β < −0.42, p < 0.01) and across groups (β < −0.47, p < 0.003), those with lower BP complexity had higher Fazekas score. Moreover, complexity of both SBP and DBP mediated the influence of hypertension on WMLs (indirect effects > 0.25, 95% confidence intervals = 0.06 – 0.50).Conclusion: These results suggest that diminished BP complexity is associated with WMLs and may mediate the influence of hypertension on WMLs. Future longitudinal studies are needed to examine the causal relationship between BP complexity and WMLs.
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- 2021
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6. The pace and prognosis of peripheral sensory loss in advanced age: association with gait speed and falls
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Lewis A. Lipsitz, Brad Manor, Daniel Habtemariam, Ikechukwu Iloputaife, Junhong Zhou, and Thomas G. Travison
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Neuropathy ,Elderly ,Mobility ,Longitudinal ,Feet ,Geriatrics ,RC952-954.6 - Abstract
Abstract Background Peripheral sensory loss is considered one of many risk factors for gait impairments and falls in older adults, yet no prospective studies have examined changes in touch sensation in the foot over time and their relationship to mobility and falls. Therefore, we aimed to determine the prevalence and progression of peripheral sensory deficits in the feet of older adults, and whether sensory changes are associated with the slowing of gait and development of falls over 5 years. Methods Using baseline, and 18 and 60 month followup data from the Maintenance Of Balance, Independent Living, Intellect, and Zest in the Elderly (MOBILIZE) Study in Boston, MA, we determined changes in the ability to detect stimulation of the great toe with Semmes Weinstein monofilaments in 351 older adults. We used covariate-adjusted repeated measures analysis of variance to determine relationships between sensory changes and gait speed or fall rates. Results Subjects whose sensory function was consistently impaired over 5 years had a significantly steeper decline in gait speed (− 0.23 m/s; 95% CI: -0.28 to − 0.18) compared to those with consistently intact sensory function (− 0.12 m/s; 95% CI: -0.15 to − 0.08) and those progressing from intact to impaired sensory function (− 0.13 m/s; − 0.16 to − 0.10). Compared to subjects with consistently intact sensation, those whose sensory function progressed to impairment during followup had the greatest risk of falls (adjusted risk ratio = 1.57 (95% confidence interval = 1.12 to 2.22). Conclusions Our longitudinal results indicate that a progressive decline in peripheral touch sensation is a risk factor for mobility impairment and falls in older adults.
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- 2018
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7. The Effects of a Wearable Sensory Prosthesis on Gait and Balance Function After 10 Weeks of Use in Persons With Peripheral Neuropathy and High Fall Risk – The walk2Wellness Trial
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Lars I. E. Oddsson, Teresa Bisson, Helen S. Cohen, Laura Jacobs, Mohammad Khoshnoodi, Doris Kung, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Brad Manor, Patricia McCracken, Yvonne Rumsey, Diane M. Wrisley, and Sara R. Koehler-McNicholas
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peripheral neuropathy ,falls ,neuroprosthesis ,balance ,gait speed ,neuromodulation ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
BackgroundSensory peripheral neuropathy (PN) is associated with gait, balance problems and high fall risk. The walk2Wellness trial investigates effects of long-term, home-based daily use of a wearable sensory prosthesis on gait function, balance, quality of life and fall rates in PN patients. The device (Walkasins®, RxFunction Inc., MN, United States) partially substitutes lost nerve function related to plantar sensation providing directional tactile cues reflecting plantar pressure measurements during standing and walking. We tested the null hypothesis that the Functional Gait Assessment (FGA) score would remain unchanged after 10 weeks of use.MethodsParticipants had PN with lost plantar sensation, gait and balance problems, an FGA score < 23 (high fall risk), and ability to sense tactile stimuli above the ankle. Clinical outcomes included FGA, Gait Speed, Timed Up&Go (TUG) and 4-Stage Balance Test. Patient-reported outcomes included Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale, Vestibular Disorders Activities of Daily Living Scale, PROMIS participation and satisfaction scores, pain rating, and falls. Evaluations were performed at baseline and after 2, 6, and 10 weeks. Subjects were not made aware of changes in outcomes. No additional balance interventions were allowed.ResultsForty-five participants of 52 enrolled across four sites completed in-clinic assessments. FGA scores improved from 15.0 to 19.1 (p < 0.0001), normal and fast gait speed from 0.86 m/s to 0.95 m/s (p < 0.0001) and 1.24 m/s to 1.33 m/s (p = 0.002), respectively, and TUG from 13.8 s to 12.5 s (p = 0.012). Four-Stage Balance Test did not improve. Several patient-reported outcomes were normal at baseline and remained largely unchanged. Interestingly, subjects with baseline ABC scores lower than 67% (high fall risk cut-off) increased their ABC scores (49.9% to 59.3%, p = 0.01), whereas subjects with ABC scores above 67% showed a decrease (76.6% to 71.8%, p = 0.019). Subjects who reported falls in the prior 6 months (n = 25) showed a decrease in the number of fall-risk factors (5.1 to 4.3, p = 0.023) and a decrease in fall rate (13.8 to 7.4 falls/1000 days, p = 0.014). Four pre-study non-fallers (n = 20) fell during the 10 weeks.ConclusionA wearable sensory prosthesis presents a new way to treat gait and balance problems and manage falls in high fall-risk patients with PN.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov (#NCT03538756).
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- 2020
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8. Compromised prefrontal structure and function are associated with slower walking in older adults
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Victoria N. Poole, Thomas Wooten, Ikechukwu Iloputaife, William Milberg, Michael Esterman, and Lewis A. Lipsitz
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Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Our previous work demonstrates that reduced activation of the executive network is associated with slow walking speed in a cohort of older adults from the MOBILIZE Boston Study. However, the influence of underlying white matter integrity on the activation of this network and walking speed is unknown. Thus, we used diffusion-weighted imaging and fMRI during an n-back task to assess associations between executive network structure, function, and walking speed. Whole-brain tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) were used to identify regions of white matter microstructural integrity that were associated with walking speed. The integrity of these regions was then entered into multiple regression models to predict task performance and executive network activation during the n-back task. Among the significant associations of FA with walking speed, we observed the anterior thalamic radiation and superior longitudinal fasciculus were further associated with both n-back response speed and executive network activation. These findings suggest that subtle damage to frontal white matter may contribute to altered executive network activation and slower walking in older adults. Keywords: Older adults, Gait speed, Walking, Diffusion tensor imaging, White matter, Executive function
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- 2018
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9. The Effects of a Low Sodium Meal Plan on Blood Pressure in Older Adults: The SOTRUE Randomized Feasibility Trial
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Stephen P. Juraschek, Courtney L. Millar, Abby Foley, Misha Shtivelman, Alegria Cohen, Virginia McNally, Robert Crevatis, Stephen M. Post, Kenneth J. Mukamal, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Jennifer L. Cluett, Roger B. Davis, and Shivani Sahni
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sodium ,trial ,older adults ,blood pressure ,hypertension ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Reduced sodium meal plans are recommended by the Centers of Disease Control to lower blood pressure in older adults; however, this strategy has not been tested in a clinical trial. The Satter House Trial of Reduced Sodium Meals (SOTRUE) was an individual-level, double-blind, randomized controlled pilot study of adults living in a congregate living facility subsidized by the Federal Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). Adults over age 60 years ate 3 isocaloric meals with two snacks daily for 14 days. The meal plans differed in sodium density (2 mg/kcal), but were equivalent in potassium and macronutrients. Seated systolic BP (SBP) was the primary outcome, while urine sodium-creatinine ratio was used to measure compliance. Twenty participants were randomized (95% women; 95% white; mean age 78 ± 8 years), beginning in 7 October 2019. Retention was 100% with the last participant ending 4 November 2019. Mean baseline SBP changed from 121 to 116 mmHg with the typical sodium diet (−5 mmHg; 95% CI: −18, 8) and from 123 to 112 mmHg with the low sodium diet (−11 mmHg; 95% CI: −15.2, −7.7). Compared to the typical sodium meal plan, the low sodium meal plan lowered SBP by 4.8 mmHg (95% CI: −14.4, 4.9; p = 0.31) and urine sodium-creatinine ratio by 36% (−36.0; 95% CI: −60.3, 3.4; p = 0.07), both non-significant. SOTRUE demonstrates the feasibility of sodium reduction in federally mandated meal plans. A longer and larger study is needed to establish the efficacy and safety of low sodium meals in older adults.
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- 2021
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10. The Complexity of Standing Postural Sway Associates with Future Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The MOBILIZE Boston Study
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Junhong Zhou, Daniel Habtemariam, Ikechukwu Iloputaife, Lewis A. Lipsitz, and Brad Manor
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Standing postural control is complex, meaning that it is dependent upon numerous inputs interacting across multiple temporal-spatial scales. Diminished physiologic complexity of postural sway has been linked to reduced ability to adapt to stressors. We hypothesized that older adults with lower postural sway complexity would experience more falls in the future. 738 adults aged ≥70 years completed the Short Physical Performance Battery test (SPPB) test and assessments of single and dual-task standing postural control. Postural sway complexity was quantified using multiscale entropy. Falls were subsequently tracked for 48 months. Negative binomial regression demonstrated that older adults with lower postural sway complexity in both single and dual-task conditions had higher future fall rate (incident rate ratio (IRR) = 0.98, p = 0.02, 95% Confidence Limits (CL) = 0.96–0.99). Notably, participants in the lowest quintile of complexity during dual-task standing suffered 48% more falls during the four-year follow-up as compared to those in the highest quintile (IRR = 1.48, p = 0.01, 95% CL = 1.09–1.99). Conversely, traditional postural sway metrics or SPPB performance did not associate with future falls. As compared to traditional metrics, the degree of multi-scale complexity contained within standing postural sway-particularly during dual task conditions- appears to be a better predictor of future falls in older adults.
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- 2017
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11. Motor-Cognitive Neural Network Communication Underlies Walking Speed in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
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Victoria N. Poole, On-Yee Lo, Thomas Wooten, Ikechukwu Iloputaife, Lewis A. Lipsitz, and Michael Esterman
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older adults ,gait speed ,dual-task cost ,resting-state fMRI ,functional connectivity ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
While walking was once thought to be a highly automated process, it requires higher-level cognition with older age. Like other cognitive tasks, it also becomes further challenged with increased cognitive load (e.g., the addition of an unrelated dual task) and often results in poorer performance (e.g., slower speed). It is not well known, however, how intrinsic neural network communication relates to walking speed, nor to this “cost” to gait performance; i.e., “dual-task cost (DTC).” The current study investigates the relationship between network connectivity, using resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI), and individual differences in older adult walking speed. Fifty participants (35 females; 84 ± 4.5 years) from the MOBILIZE Boston Study cohort underwent an MRI protocol and completed a gait assessment during two conditions: walking quietly at a preferred pace and while concurrently performing a serial subtraction task. Within and between neural network connectivity measures were calculated from rs-fMRI and were correlated with walking speeds and the DTC (i.e., the percent change in speed between conditions). Among the rs-fMRI correlates, faster walking was associated with increased connectivity between motor and cognitive networks and decreased connectivity between limbic and cognitive networks. Smaller DTC was associated with increased connectivity within the motor network and increased connectivity between the ventral attention and executive networks. These findings support the importance of both motor network integrity as well as inter-network connectivity amongst higher-level cognitive networks in older adults’ ability to maintain mobility, particularly under dual-task (DT) conditions.
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- 2019
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12. Gait Speed and Gait Variability Are Associated with Different Functional Brain Networks
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On-Yee Lo, Mark A. Halko, Junhong Zhou, Rachel Harrison, Lewis A. Lipsitz, and Brad Manor
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gait ,resting-state fMRI ,functional connectivity ,gait speed ,gait variability ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Gait speed and gait variability are clinically meaningful markers of locomotor control that are suspected to be regulated by multiple supraspinal control mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships between these gait parameters and the functional connectivity of brain networks in functionally limited older adults. Twelve older adults with mild-to-moderate cognition “executive” dysfunction and relatively slow gait, yet free from neurological diseases, completed a gait assessment and a resting-state fMRI. Gait speed and variability were associated with the strength of functional connectivity of different brain networks. Those with faster gait speed had stronger functional connectivity within the frontoparietal control network (R = 0.61, p = 0.04). Those with less gait variability (i.e., steadier walking patterns) exhibited stronger negative functional connectivity between the dorsal attention network and the default network (R = 0.78, p < 0.01). No other significant relationships between gait metrics and the strength of within- or between- network functional connectivity was observed. Results of this pilot study warrant further investigation to confirm that gait speed and variability are linked to different brain networks in vulnerable older adults.
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- 2017
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13. 3111 Heart Rate Variability as a Predictor of Post-Operative Cognitive Dysfunction in Older Adults
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Deborah Oyeyemi, Miles Berger, Kenneth C. Roberts, Charles M. Giattino, Marty G. Woldorff, Cathleen Colon-Emeric, Michael J. Devinney, Thomas Bunning, Junhong Zhou, Lewis A. Lipsitz, and Heather E. Whitson
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Medicine - Abstract
OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The objective of this project is to determine whether HRV, collected peri-operatively, is predictive of cognitive decline among older adults who undergo elective surgery/anesthesia. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This project is a part of the ongoing INTUIT/PRIME study, which is collecting pre- and post-operative cognitive testing, fMRI imaging, CSF samples, and EEG recordings from 200 older adults (age ≥ 60) undergoing elective non-cardiac/non-neurologic surgery scheduled to last > 2 hours at Duke University Medical Center and Duke Regional Hospital. This project utilizes data from the first 60 INTUIT participants who contributed continuous heart rate data before and during surgery. Participants undergo cognitive testing prior to surgery (baseline) and at 6 weeks after surgery. Our primary dependent variable is the change in the composite score from baseline to 6-weeks. Delirium is assessed in the hospital with the twice daily 3D-CAM tool, so we will report the proportion of individuals with 6-week cognitive decline who exhibited delirium in the days following surgery. Participants’ echocardiogram (ECG) recordings are extracted pre- and intraoperatively from B650/B850 patient monitors with VSCapture software. HRV is defined as the variability between successive R-spikes or inter-beat-intervals on ECG. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We anticipate that lower intraoperative HRV is associated with worse cognitive decline at 6 weeks after surgery. As secondary objectives, we will determine whether pre-operative HRV or change in HRV (from pre-operative to intra-operative measures) are predictive of cognitive decline after surgery. We expect that in-hospital delirium will be detected in a higher proportion of those with 6-week cognitive decline, compared to those with stable or improved cognition at 6 weeks. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: HRV may address the present need for pre- and intra-operative cognitive risk stratification in the elderly. Physiological indices like HRV have the potential to dramatically change our understanding of CI in older adults undergoing surgery, as they offer an accessible, cost-effective, and non-invasive means whereby clinicians, particularly those unfamiliar with the nuances of geriatric and CI/dementia-related care, can monitor patients and refer those at high-risk of CI after surgery for early intervention.
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- 2019
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14. A novel smartphone App-based assessment of standing postural control: Demonstration of reliability and sensitivity to aging and task constraints.
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Junhong Zhou, Wanting Yu, Hao Zhu, On-Yee Lo, Natalia A. Gouskova, Thomas Travison, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, and Brad Manor
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- 2020
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15. A Smartphone App-Based Application Enabling Remote Assessments of Standing Balance During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond.
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Junhong Zhou, Xin Jiang 0004, Wanting Yu, Hao Zhu, On-Yee Lo, Natalia A. Gouskova, Thomas Travison, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, and Brad Manor
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- 2021
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16. A Usability Evaluation of the InfoSAGE App for Family-Based Medication Management.
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Yuri Quintana, Darren Fahy, Bradley H. Crotty, Maxwell Gorenberg, Ruchira Jain, Eli Kaldany, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Yi-Pei Chen 0002, Juan Henao, and Charles Safran
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- 2019
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17. Body Position and Orthostatic Hypotension in Hypertensive Adults: Results from the Syst-Eur Trial
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Ben Grobman, Ruth-Alma N. Turkson-Ocran, Jan A. Staessen, Yu-Ling Yu, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Kenneth J. Mukamal, and Stephen P. Juraschek
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Internal Medicine - Abstract
Background: We recently demonstrated that more intensive blood pressure (BP) treatment lowered risk of orthostatic hypotension (OH) measured with a seated-to-standing protocol. However, seated-to-standing OH assessments are less sensitive than supine-to-standing and could miss clinically relevant OH. Objectives: Using data from the Syst-Eur trial (Systolic Hypertension in Europe), we examined the effect of hypertension treatment on incidence of OH based on the difference in BP from 3 body positions. Methods: Syst-Eur was a multi-center, randomized trial that enrolled adults with isolated systolic hypertension to investigate whether active hypertension treatment could reduce cardiovascular events. Participants underwent BP measurement in supine, seated, and standing positions. Using differences in BP between the 3 body positions (seated minus supine, standing minus seated, and standing minus supine), we defined OH as a drop in systolic BP ≥20 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥10 mm Hg. We included measurements from baseline and follow-up visits. Results: Among 4695 participants (mean age, 70.2±6.7 years; 66.9% female) with 42 636 BP measurements, OH was present in 4.9% of measures with supine-to-seated, 7.9% with seated-to-standing, and 11.4% with supine-to-standing protocols, respectively. Compared with placebo, BP treatment did not increase OH with any set of maneuvers, OR, 0.79 (95% CI, 0.65–0.95) with seated-to standing, 1.03 (95% CI, 0.86–1.24) with supine-to-seated, and 0.99 (95% CI, 0.86–1.15) with supine-to-standing. Conclusions: Regardless of protocol, active hypertension treatment did not increase the risk of OH, reinforcing evidence that OH should not be viewed as a complication of hypertension treatment. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT02088450.
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- 2023
18. The age-related contribution of cognitive function to dual-task gait in middle-aged adults in Spain: observations from a population-based study
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Junhong Zhou, Gabriele Cattaneo, Wanting Yu, On-Yee Lo, Natalia A Gouskova, Selma Delgado-Gallén, Maria Redondo-Camós, Goretti España-Irla, Javier Solana-Sánchez, Josep M Tormos, Lewis A Lipsitz, David Bartrés-Faz, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, and Brad Manor
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Psychiatry and Mental health ,Health (social science) ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,Family Practice - Published
- 2023
19. Orthostatic Hypotension in Hypertensive Adults: Harry Goldblatt Award for Early Career Investigators 2021
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Inbar Raber, Matthew J. Belanger, Rosemary Farahmand, Rahul Aggarwal, Nicholas Chiu, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Alan P. Jacobsen, Lewis A. Lipsitz, and Stephen P. Juraschek
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Hypotension, Orthostatic ,Hypertension ,Awards and Prizes ,Internal Medicine ,Humans ,Blood Pressure ,Antihypertensive Agents - Abstract
Orthostatic hypotension affects roughly 10% of individuals with hypertension and is associated with several adverse health outcomes, including dementia, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and death. Among adults with hypertension, orthostatic hypotension has also been shown to predict patterns of blood pressure dysregulation that may not be appreciated in the office setting, including nocturnal nondipping. Individuals with uncontrolled hypertension are at particular risk of orthostatic hypotension and may meet diagnostic criteria for the condition with a smaller relative reduction in blood pressure compared with normotensive individuals. Antihypertensive medications are commonly de-prescribed to address orthostatic hypotension; however, this approach may worsen supine or seated hypertension, which may be an important driver of adverse events in this population. There is significant variability between guidelines for the diagnosis of orthostatic hypotension with regards to timing and position of blood pressure measurements. Clinically relevant orthostatic hypotension may be missed when standing measurements are delayed or when taken after a seated rather than supine position. The treatment of orthostatic hypotension in patients with hypertension poses a significant management challenge for clinicians; however, recent evidence suggests that intensive blood pressure control may reduce the risk of orthostatic hypotension. A detailed characterization of blood pressure variability is essential to tailoring a treatment plan and can be accomplished using both in-office and out-of-office monitoring.
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- 2022
20. InfoSAGE: Use of Online Technologies for Communication and Elder Care.
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Yuri Quintana, Bradley H. Crotty, Darren Fahy, Alex Orfanos, Ruchira Jain, Eli Kaldany, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Diane Engorn, Jorge Alberto Rodriguez, Frank Pandolfe, Adarsha S. Bajracharya, Warner V. Slack, and Charles Safran
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- 2017
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21. Information sharing across generations and environments (InfoSAGE): study design and methodology protocol.
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Yuri Quintana, Bradley H. Crotty, Darren Fahy, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Roger B. Davis, and Charles Safran
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- 2018
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22. Sensorimotor and Frontoparietal Network Connectivity Are Associated With Subsequent Maintenance of Gait Speed and Episodic Memory in Older Adults
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Chun Liang Hsu, Brad Manor, Thomas Travison, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, and Lewis A Lipsitz
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Aging ,Geriatrics and Gerontology - Abstract
Background Slow gait is predictive of functional impairments in older adults, while concomitant slow gait and cognitive complaints are associated with a greater risk for cognitive decline and dementia. However, functional neural correlates for gait speed maintenance are unclear. As the sensorimotor network (SMN) and frontoparietal network (FPN) are integral components of these functions, this study investigated differences in SMN and FPN in older adults with/without gait speed decline over 24 months; and whether these networks were associated with the maintenance of cognitive function. Methods We included 42 community-dwelling older adults aged >70 years from the MOBILIZE Boston Study. Resting-state fMRI was performed at the study baseline. Participant characteristics, gait speed, Mini-Mental State Examination, and Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) were assessed at baseline and at 24-month follow-up. Decliners were identified as individuals with >0.05 meters/second decline in gait speed from baseline to 24 months. Of the 26 decliners and 16 maintainers, decliners exhibited a significant decline in delayed-recall performance on the HVLT over 24 months. Results Controlling for baseline age and multiple comparisons, contrary to initial hypothesis, maintainers exhibited lower baseline primary motor and premotor connectivity (p = .01) within the SMN, and greater baseline ventral visual–supramarginal gyrus connectivity within the FPN (p = .02) compared to decliners. Lower primary motor–premotor connectivity was correlated with maintenance of delayed-recall performance on the HVLT (p = .04). Conclusion These findings demonstrated a potential compensatory mechanism involved in the link between the decline in gait speed and episodic memory, whereby baseline connectivity of the SMN and FPN may underlie subsequent maintenance of gait speed and cognitive function in old age.
- Published
- 2022
23. Evaluation of a state‐wide effort to improve <scp>COVID</scp> ‐19 infection control in Massachusetts nursing homes
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Lewis A. Lipsitz, Cyrus Kosar, Alyssa B. Dufour, Thomas G. Travison, and Vincent Mor
- Subjects
Geriatrics and Gerontology - Published
- 2022
24. Association of age with treatment at high-volume hospitals and distance traveled for care, in patients with rectal cancer who seek curative resection
- Author
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Rocco Ricciardi, Grace C. Lee, Liliana Bordeianou, Paul M Cavallaro, Naomi M. Sell, Todd D. Francone, Hiroko Kunitake, and Lewis A. Lipsitz
- Subjects
Curative resection ,Travel ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Proctectomy ,Rectal Neoplasms ,business.industry ,Colorectal cancer ,General surgery ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Health Services Accessibility ,Resection ,Hospital volume ,Older patients ,Humans ,Medicine ,Surgery ,In patient ,business ,Hospitals, High-Volume ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Volume (compression) - Abstract
Background The association between volume and outcomes has led to recommendations that patients undergo surgery at high-volume centers. We aimed to determine if older patients with rectal cancer are undergoing operations at high-volume centers. Methods We identified patients ≥50 years old who underwent rectal cancer resection using the NCDB (2004–2015). Tertiles were used to categorize facility volume and distance traveled. Results Higher facility volume was associated with improved outcomes. Patients >75 years old were less likely than patients 50–59 years old to be treated at high-volume centers. Traveling >16.8 miles was associated with treatment at high-volume facilities, however patients >75 years old were less likely to travel >16.8 miles. Conclusions Higher facility volume is associated with improved outcomes after rectal cancer resection. However, older patients are less likely to be treated at high-volume facilities. Older patients travel shorter distances for care, suggesting that care integration across networks must be optimized.
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- 2022
25. InfoSAGE: Supporting Elders and Families through Online Family Networks.
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Yuri Quintana, Darren Fahy, Bradley H. Crotty, Ruchira Jain, Eli Kaldany, Maxwell Gorenberg, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Diane Engorn, Jorge Alberto Rodriguez, Alex Orfanos, Adarsha S. Bajracharya, Juan Henao, May Adra, David Skerry, Warner V. Slack, and Charles Safran
- Published
- 2018
26. Higher intake of dietary flavonols, specifically dietary quercetin, is associated with lower odds of frailty onset over 12 years of follow-up among adults in the Framingham Heart Study
- Author
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Steven Oei, Courtney L. Millar, Thuy Nga Nguyen Lily, Kenneth J. Mukamal, Douglas P. Kiel, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Marian T. Hannan, and Shivani Sahni
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Nutrition and Dietetics ,Medicine (miscellaneous) - Published
- 2023
27. The balance of prescriptive and dynamic regulatory policies in nursing homes: Lessons learned from the <scp>COVID</scp> ‐19 pandemic
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Sarah D. Berry, Innokentiy Bakaev, Helen Chen, and Lewis A. Lipsitz
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Geriatrics and Gerontology - Published
- 2023
28. Geroscience for the Next Chapter of Medicine
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Gustavo Duque, Lewis A Lipsitz, Luigi Ferrucci, Siobhan Addie, Stacy Carrington-Lawrence, and Ronald Kohanski
- Subjects
Aging ,Geriatrics and Gerontology - Published
- 2023
29. Comparison of supine and seated orthostatic hypotension assessments and their association with falls and orthostatic symptoms
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Stephen P. Juraschek, Lawrence J. Appel, Christine M. Mitchell, Kenneth J. Mukamal, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Amanda L. Blackford, Yurun Cai, Jack M. Guralnik, Rita R. Kalyani, Erin D. Michos, Jennifer A. Schrack, Amal A. Wanigatunga, and Edgar R. Miller
- Subjects
Aged, 80 and over ,Male ,Hypotension, Orthostatic ,Sitting Position ,Hypertension ,Humans ,Accidental Falls ,Blood Pressure ,Female ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,Aged - Abstract
Orthostatic hypotension (OH) based on a change from seated-to-standing blood pressure (BP) is often used interchangeably with supine-to-standing BP.The Study to Understand Fall Reduction and Vitamin D in You (STURDY) was a randomized trial of vitamin D3 supplementation and fall in adults aged ≥70 years at high risk of falls. OH was defined as a drop in systolic or diastolic BP of at least 20 or 10 mmHg, measured at pre-randomization, 3-, 12-, and 24-month visits with each of 2 protocols: seated-to-standing and supine-to-standing. Participants were asked about orthostatic symptoms, and falls were ascertained via daily fall calendar, ad hoc reporting, and scheduled interviews.Among 534 participants with 993 paired supine and seated assessments (mean age 76 ± 5 years, 42% women, 18% Black), mean baseline BP was 130 ± 19/68 ± 11 mmHg; 62% had a history of high BP or hypertension. Mean BP increased 3.5 (SE, 0.4)/2.6 (SE, 0.2) mmHg from sitting to standing, but decreased with supine to standing (mean change: -3.7 [SE, 0.5]/-0.8 [SE, 0.3] mmHg; P-value 0.001). OH was detected in 2.1% (SE, 0.5) of seated versus 15.0% (SE, 1.4) of supine assessments (P 0.001). While supine and seated OH were not associated with falls (HR: 1.55 [0.95, 2.52] vs 0.69 [0.30, 1.58]), supine systolic OH was associated with higher fall risk (HR: 1.77 [1.02, 3.05]). Supine OH was associated with self-reported fainting, blacking out, seeing spots and room spinning in the prior month (P-values 0.03), while sitting OH was not associated with any symptoms (P-values ≥ 0.40).Supine OH was more frequent, associated with orthostatic symptoms, and potentially more predictive of falls than seated OH.
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- 2022
30. Epigenetic Age Acceleration and Change in Frailty in MOBILIZE Boston
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Benjamin J Seligman, Sarah D Berry, Lewis A Lipsitz, Thomas G Travison, and Douglas P Kiel
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Male ,THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: Biological Sciences ,Aging ,Frailty ,Acceleration ,Humans ,Female ,DNA Methylation ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,Boston ,Epigenesis, Genetic - Abstract
Age-associated changes in DNA methylation have been implicated as 1 mechanism to explain the development of frailty; however, previous cross-sectional studies of epigenetic age acceleration (eAA) and frailty have had inconsistent findings. Few longitudinal studies have considered the association of eAA with change in frailty. We sought to determine the association between eAA and change in frailty in the MOBILIZE Boston cohort. Participants were assessed at 2 visits 12–18 months apart. Intrinsic, extrinsic, GrimAge, and PhenoAge eAA were assessed from whole-blood DNA methylation at baseline using the Infinium 450k array. Frailty was assessed by a continuous frailty score based on the frailty phenotype and by frailty index (FI). Analysis was by correlation and linear regression with adjustment for age, sex, smoking status, and body mass index. Three hundred and ninety-five participants with a frailty score and 431 with an FI had epigenetic and follow-up frailty measures. Mean (standard deviation) ages were 77.8 (5.49) and 77.9 (5.47) for the frailty score and the FI cohorts respectively, and 232 (58.7%) and 257 (59.6%) were female. All participants with epigenetic data identified as White. Baseline frailty score was not correlated with intrinsic or extrinsic eAA, but was correlated with PhenoAge and, even after adjustment for covariates, GrimAge. Baseline FI was correlated with extrinsic, GrimAge, and PhenoAge eAA with and without adjustment. No eAA measure was associated with change in frailty, with or without adjustment. Our results suggest that no eAA measure was associated with change in frailty. Further studies should consider longer periods of follow-up and repeated eAA measurement.
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- 2022
31. A complex systems approach to aging biology
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Alan A. Cohen, Luigi Ferrucci, Tamàs Fülöp, Dominique Gravel, Nan Hao, Andres Kriete, Morgan E. Levine, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Marcel G. M. Olde Rikkert, Andrew Rutenberg, Nicholas Stroustrup, and Ravi Varadhan
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Aging ,All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center ,Alzheimer`s disease Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 1] ,Neuroscience (miscellaneous) ,Geriatrics and Gerontology - Abstract
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- 2022
32. A Smartphone App-Based Application Enabling Remote Assessments of Standing Balance During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond
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On-Yee Lo, Hao Zhu, Junhong Zhou, Thomas G. Travison, Natalia Gouskova, Wanting Yu, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Xin Jiang, Brad Manor, and Alvaro Pascual-Leone
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Computer Networks and Communications ,Computer science ,Intraclass correlation ,Computer Science Applications ,Postural control ,Acceleration ,Standing balance ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Hardware and Architecture ,Signal Processing ,Smartphone app ,medicine ,Task analysis ,Reliability (statistics) ,Information Systems - Abstract
Assessments of postural control provide important insights into health. We created a smartphone App-based assessment of standing posture—completed with the phone placed in the user’s pocket—to enable remote monitoring of the function while minimizing the need for in-person assessment or contact. We tested the reliability of App-derived postural sway metrics, as well as their sensitivity to age and task conditions. Fifteen older and 15 younger adults completed two separate laboratory visits. They followed multimedia instructions provided by the App to complete three 30-s trials of eyes-open (EO), eyes-closed (EC), and dual-task (DT) standing. Sway data were recorded by the App and a force plate. Participants also used the App to complete the assessment in their homes on three separate days. Sway path length and root-mean square were derived from the angular velocity and acceleration acquired from phone’s internal motion sensor, and from the center-of-pressure signal from force plate. App-derived path length and root-mean-square of acceleration and angular velocity across conditions demonstrated moderate-to-excellent test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) = 0.69 − 0.97) for both younger and older adults. Reliability was comparable to metrics derived from the force plate (ICCs = 0.44 − 0.93). As expected, App-derived sway outcomes exhibited somewhat greater variability when tested across days at home (ICCs = 0.14 − 0.79). All App-derived metrics were sensitive to age ( $F>43.8$ , $p ) and testing condition ( $F>31.8$ , $p ) in both laboratory and home settings, revealing that the smartphone App enabled reliable and sensitive assessment of standing posture in both healthy younger and older adults.
- Published
- 2021
33. GSA Journal Commitment to Inclusion, Equity, and Diversity: Editors Announce New Guidance
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David G. Le Couteur, Derek M. Isaacowitz, Jessica A Kelley, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Rozalyn M. Anderson, Steven M. Albert, Brian Kaskie, Suzanne Meeks, and Judith L. Howe
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Aging ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Health (social science) ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Social Psychology ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: Medical Sciences ,MEDLINE ,Gerona/2 ,Accounting ,Health Professions (miscellaneous) ,Education ,AcademicSubjects/MED00280 ,Humans ,AcademicSubjects/SOC02600 ,Life-span and Life-course Studies ,business.industry ,AcademicSubjects/SCI02100 ,Editorials ,Equity (finance) ,Cultural Diversity ,General Medicine ,Clinical Psychology ,THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: Psychological Sciences ,Editorial ,Geriatrics ,AcademicSubjects/SCI00960 ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,Psychology ,business ,Gerontology ,Inclusion (education) ,Diversity (business) - Published
- 2021
34. Gait Variability Is Associated With the Strength of Functional Connectivity Between the Default and Dorsal Attention Brain Networks: Evidence From Multiple Cohorts
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On-Yee Lo, Peter M. Wayne, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Kathryn J. Devaney, Mark A. Halko, and Brad Manor
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Aging ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Brain activity and meditation ,THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: Medical Sciences ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Gait (human) ,Task-positive network ,Neural Pathways ,Humans ,Medicine ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,Gait ,Default mode network ,Aged ,Brain Mapping ,Resting state fMRI ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Brain ,Parkinson Disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Preferred walking speed ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,business ,Functional magnetic resonance imaging ,Executive dysfunction - Abstract
Background In older adults, elevated gait variability when walking has been associated with both cognitive impairment and future falls. This study leveraged 3 existing data sets to determine relationships between gait variability and the strength of functional connectivity within and between large-scale brain networks in healthy older adults, those with mild-to-moderate functional impairment, and those with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Method Gait and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were extracted from existing data sets on: (i) 12 older adults without overt disease yet with slow gait and mild executive dysfunction; (ii) 12 older adults with intact cognitive-motor function and age- and sex-matched to the first cohort; and (iii) 15 individuals with PD. Gait variability (%, coefficient of variation of stride time) during preferred walking speed was measured and correlated with the degree of functional connectivity within and between 7 established large-scale functional brain networks. Results Regression models adjusted for age and sex revealed that in each cohort, those with less gait variability exhibited greater negative correlation between fluctuations in resting-state brain activity between the default network and the dorsal attention network (functionally limited older: β = 4.38, p = .027; healthy older: β = 1.66, p = .032; PD: β = 1.65, p = .005). No other within- or between-network connectivity outcomes were consistently related to gait variability across all 3 cohorts. Conclusion These results provide strong evidence that gait variability is uniquely related to functional connectivity between the default network and the dorsal attention network, and that this relationship may be independent of both functional status and underlying brain disease.
- Published
- 2021
35. Multitarget Transcranial Electrical Stimulation for Freezing of Gait: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- Author
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Veronique G.J.M. VanderHorst, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Jeffrey M. Hausdorff, Natalia Gouskova, Nir Giladi, Talia Herman, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, Brad Manor, Thomas G. Travison, and Moria Dagan
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Parkinson's disease ,genetic structures ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Prefrontal Cortex ,Stimulation ,Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ,law.invention ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Double-Blind Method ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Humans ,Daily living ,Medicine ,Gait ,Gait Disorders, Neurologic ,Transcranial direct-current stimulation ,business.industry ,Motor Cortex ,Parkinson Disease ,medicine.disease ,Neurology ,Test performance ,Neurology (clinical) ,Primary motor cortex ,business - Abstract
Background Treatments of freezing of gait (FOG) in Parkinson's disease are suboptimal. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of multiple sessions of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and primary motor cortex (M1) on FOG. Methods Seventy-seven individuals with Parkinson's disease and FOG were enrolled in a double-blinded randomized trial. tDCS and sham interventions comprised 10 sessions over 2 weeks followed by five once-weekly sessions. FOG-provoking test performance (primary outcome), functional outcomes, and self-reported FOG severity were assessed. Results Primary analyses demonstrated no advantage for tDCS in the FOG-provoking test. In secondary analyses, tDCS, compared with sham, decreased self-reported FOG severity and increased daily living step counts. Among individuals with mild-to-moderate FOG severity, tDCS improved FOG-provoking test time and self-report of FOG. Conclusions Multisession tDCS targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and M1 did not improve laboratory-based FOG-provoking test performance. Improvements observed in participants with mild-to-moderate FOG severity warrant further investigation. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
- Published
- 2021
36. Reply to: Comment on: Comparison of supine and seated orthostatic hypotension assessments and their association with falls and orthostatic symptoms
- Author
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Stephen P. Juraschek, Lawrence J. Appel, Lewis A. Lipsitz, and Edgar R. Miller
- Subjects
Geriatrics and Gerontology - Published
- 2022
37. Abstract P220: Effects Of Orthostatic Hypotension On Intensive Blood Pressure Treatment With Respect To All-cause Mortality: An Individual-level Meta-analysis
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Stephen P Juraschek, Jiun-Ruey Hu, Jennifer L Cluett, Anthony M Ishak, Carol Mita, Lewis A Lipsitz, Lawrence J Appel, Nigel S Beckett, Ruth L Coleman, William C Cushman, Barry R Davis, Greg Grandits, Rury R Holman, Edgar R Miller, Ruth Peters, Jan A Staessen, Addison A Taylor, Jackson T Wright, and Kenneth J Mukamal
- Subjects
Internal Medicine - Abstract
Background: In a recent individual level meta-analysis, intensive versus standard blood pressure (BP) treatment reduced participants’ risk of orthostatic hypotension (OH). Whether OH modified the relationship between intensive treatment and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) or death is unknown. Methods: We performed an individual participant data meta-analysis, updating a previous systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL databases through May 13, 2022, which included randomized trials of BP pharmacologic treatment (more intensive BP goal or active agent) on CVD or death. CVD events were adjudicated and included coronary heart disease, stroke, and congestive heart failure. OH was defined as a drop in SBP ≥20 mmHg and/or DBP ≥10 mmHg after changing positions from sitting to standing. Ultimately, 8 trials were identified with OH and outcomes data. Effects were examined overall and by trial type (BP goal or active agent), using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age and sex. Results: There were 27,974 participants followed for median of 4 years (mean age 69.5±10.7 years; 48.5% female; 8.6% with OH). Baseline OH was associated with a higher risk of CVD or death (HR 1.24; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.39). More intensive BP treatment or active therapy lowered risk of CVD or death among those without OH at baseline (HR 0.82; 95% CI: 0.76, 0.88) and with OH at baseline (HR 0.79; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.98). Effects did not differ by baseline OH ( P -interaction 0.78) ( Table ). Conclusion: While baseline OH was associated with CVD or death, it did not increase the risk of CVD or death from intensive treatment. OH prior to the initiation of intensive therapy should not be viewed as a reason to avoid BP treatment.
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- 2022
38. Lower complexity and higher variability in beat-to-beat systolic blood pressure are associated with elevated long-term risk of dementia
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M. Arfan Ikram, Brad Manor, Jaap Goudsmit, Julia W Wu, Francesco U.S. Mattace-Raso, M. Kamran Ikram, Berend E. Westerhof, Maryam Kavousi, Frank J. Wolters, Albert Hofman, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Junhong Zhou, Yuan Ma, Epidemiology, Internal Medicine, and Neurology
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Epidemiology ,Prodromal Symptoms ,Blood Pressure ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Rotterdam Study ,0302 clinical medicine ,Developmental Neuroscience ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Dementia ,Longitudinal Studies ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,Aged ,Netherlands ,Subclinical infection ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Hazard ratio ,Confounding ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Blood pressure ,Hypertension ,Cardiology ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Introduction: We hypothesized that subclinical disruption in blood pressure (BP) dynamics, captured by lower complexity and higher variability, may contribute to dementia risk, above and beyond BP levels. Methods: This prospective cohort study followed 1835 older adults from 1997 to 2016, with BP complexity quantified by sample entropy and BP variability quantified by coefficient of variation using beat-to-beat BP measured at baseline. Results: Three hundred thirty-four participants developed dementia over 20 years. Reduced systolic BP (SBP) complexity was associated with a higher risk of dementia (hazard ratio [HR] comparing extreme quintiles: 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-2.20). Higher SBP variability was also associated with a higher risk of dementia (HR comparing extreme quintiles: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.11-2.22. These findings were observed after adjusting for age, sex, apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, mean SBP, and other confounding factors. Discussions: Our findings suggest that lower complexity and higher variability of beat-to-beat SBP are potential novel risk factors or biomarkers for dementia.
- Published
- 2021
39. ECHO-CT: An Interdisciplinary Videoconference Model for Identifying Potential Postdischarge Transition-of-Care Events
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Amber Moore, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Lauren Junge-Maughan, and Mariana R Gonzalez
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Patient Transfer ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Leadership and Management ,Echo (communications protocol) ,Aftercare ,Assessment and Diagnosis ,Skilled Nursing ,computer.software_genre ,Care setting ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Videoconferencing ,Multidisciplinary approach ,Acute care ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Care Planning ,Care Transitions ,030214 geriatrics ,business.industry ,Brief Report ,Health Policy ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Patient Discharge ,Community health ,Fundamentals and skills ,Medical emergency ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,business ,computer - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Discharge from the hospital to a post–acute care setting can be complex and potentially dangerous, with opportunities for errors and lapses in communication between providers. Data collected through the Extension for Community Health Outcomes–Care Transitions (ECHO-CT) model were used to identify and classify transition-of-care events (TCEs). METHODS: The ECHO-CT model employs multidisciplinary videoconferences between a hospital-based team and providers in post–acute care settings; during these conferences, concerns regarding the patient’s care transition were identified and recorded. The videoconferences took place from January 2016 to October 2018 and included patients discharged from inpatient medical and surgical services to a total of eight participating post–acute care facilities (skilled nursing facilities or long-term acute care hospitals). RESULTS: During the interdisciplinary videoconferences in this period, 675 patients were discussed. A total of 139 TCEs were identified; 58 (41.7%) involved discharge communication or coordination errors and 52 (37.4%) were classified as medication issues. CONCLUSION: The TCEs identified in this study highlight areas in which providers can work to reduce issues arising during the course of discharge to post–acute care facilities. Standardized processes to identify, record, and report TCEs are necessary to provide high-quality, safe care for patients as they move across care settings.
- Published
- 2021
40. Extended Effects of a Wearable Sensory Prosthesis on Gait, Balance Function and Falls After 26 Weeks of Use in Persons with Peripheral Neuropathy and High Fall Risk – The walk2Wellness Trial
- Author
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Lars IE Oddsson, Teresa Bisson, Helen S Cohen, Ikechukwu Iloputaife, Laura Jacobs, Doris Kung, Lewis A Lipsitz, Brad Manor, Patricia McCracken, Yvonne Rumsey, Diane M Wrisley, and Sara R Koehler-McNicholas
- Abstract
BackgroundWe recently reported that individuals with impaired plantar sensation and high fall risk due to sensory peripheral neuropathy (PN) improved gait and balance function following 10 weeks of use of Walkasins®, a wearable lower limb sensory prosthesis that provides directional tactile stimuli related to plantar pressure measurements during standing and walking (RxFunction Inc., MN, USA). Here, we report 26-week outcomes and compare pre- and in-study fall rates. We expected improvements in outcomes and reduced fall rates reported after 10 weeks of use to be sustained.MethodsParticipants had clinically diagnosed PN with impaired plantar sensation, high fall risk (Functional Gait Assessment, FGA score ResultsWe assessed falls and self-reported outcomes from 44 individuals after 26 weeks of device use; 30 of them conducted in-person testing of clinical outcomes. Overall, improvements in clinical outcomes seen at 10 weeks of use remained sustained at 26 weeks with statistically significant increases compared to baseline seen in FGA scores (from 15.0 to 19.2), self-selected gait speed (from 0.89 m/s to 0.97 m/s), and 4-Stage Balance Test (from 25.6s to 28.4s), indicating a decrease in fall risk. Non-significant improvements were observed in TUG and fast gait speed. Overall, 39 falls were reported; 31 of them did not require medical treatment and four caused severe injury. Participants who reported falls over 6 months prior to the study had a 43% decrease in fall rate during the study as compared to self-report 6-month pre-study (11.8 vs. 6.7 falls/1000 patient days, respectively, pConclusionA wearable sensory prosthesis can improve outcomes of gait and balance function and substantially decreases incidence of falls during long-term use. The sustained long-term benefits in clinical outcomes reported here lessen the likelihood that improvements are placebo effects.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov (#NCT03538756)
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- 2022
41. Necessity of noise in physiology and medicine.
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Ervin Sejdic and Lewis A. Lipsitz
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- 2013
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42. Elders & Families Rely On Social Networks For Aging-Related Information: Implications For Informaticians.
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Bradley H. Crotty, Janice Walker, Jacqueline O'Brien, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Meghan Dierks, and Charles Safran
- Published
- 2014
43. Stemming the Tide of <scp>COVID</scp> ‐19 Infections in Massachusetts Nursing Homes
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Mohammad Dar, Alyssa B. Dufour, Helen Magliozzi, Alida M. Lujan, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Laurie Herndon, and Gary Abrahams
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Clinical audit ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Education, Continuing ,Clinical Investigations ,coronavirus ,Audit ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,SARS‐CoV‐2 ,03 medical and health sciences ,COVID-19 Testing ,0302 clinical medicine ,COVID‐19‐Related Content ,Pandemic ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Homes for the Aged ,Humans ,Infection control ,Clinical Investigation ,Longitudinal Studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Reimbursement, Incentive ,Personal protective equipment ,Infection Control ,Clinical Audit ,business.industry ,Mortality rate ,COVID-19 ,long‐term care ,Checklist ,Nursing Homes ,Long-term care ,Massachusetts ,Family medicine ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,business - Abstract
Background/objectives In April 2020, Massachusetts nursing homes (NHs) became a hotspot for COVID-19 infections and associated deaths. In response, Governor Charles Baker allocated $130 million in additional funding for 2 months contingent on compliance with a new set of care criteria including mandatory testing of all residents and staff, and a 28-point infection control checklist. We aimed to describe the Massachusetts effort and associated outcomes. Design Longitudinal cohort study. Setting A total of 360 Massachusetts NHs. Participants The Massachusetts Senior Care Association and Hebrew SeniorLife rapidly organized a Central Command team, targeted 123 "special focus" facilities with infection control deficiencies for on-site and virtual consultations, and offered all 360 facilities weekly webinars and answers to questions regarding infection control procedures. The facilities were also informed of resources for the acquisition of personal protective equipment (PPE), backup staff, and SARS-CoV-2 testing. Measurements We used two data sources: (1) four state audits of all NHs, and (2) weekly NH reports to the Massachusetts Center for Health Information and Analysis. Primary independent process measures were the checklist scores and adherence to each of its six core competencies. Primary outcomes were the average weekly rates of new infections, hospitalizations, and deaths in residents and staff. We used a hurdle mixed effects model adjusted for county COVID-19 prevalence to estimate relationships between infection control process measures and rates of new infections or deaths. Results Both resident and staff infection rates started higher in special focus facilities, then rapidly declined to the same low level in both groups. Adherence to infection control processes, especially proper wearing of PPE and cohorting, was significantly associated with declines in weekly infection and mortality rates. Conclusion This statewide effort could serve as a national model for other states to prevent the devastating effects of pandemics such as COVID-19 in frail NH residents.
- Published
- 2020
44. Inter-individual variation in blood pressure is associated with regional white matter integrity in generally healthy older adults.
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David H. Salat, Victoria J. Williams, Elizabeth C. Leritz, David M. Schnyer, James L. Rudolph, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Regina E. McGlinchey, and William P. Milberg
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- 2012
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45. A Call to Action to Enhance Justice, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion in the Journal of Gerontology Series A: Medical Sciences
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Roland J. Thorpe, Lewis A. Lipsitz, and Michelle C. Odden
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Aging ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Equity (finance) ,THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: Medical Sciences ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,Public relations ,business ,Inclusion (education) ,Economic Justice ,Diversity (politics) ,media_common ,Call to action - Published
- 2021
46. Thickness of the human cerebral cortex is associated with metrics of cerebrovascular health in a normative sample of community dwelling older adults.
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Elizabeth C. Leritz, David H. Salat, Victoria J. Williams, David M. Schnyer, James L. Rudolph, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Bruce Fischl, Regina E. McGlinchey, and William P. Milberg
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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47. Orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, neurology outcomes, and death in older adults
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W. T. Longstreth, Lewis A. Lipsitz, John S. Gottdiener, Oscar L. Lopez, Kenneth J. Mukamal, Lewis H. Kuller, and Stephen P. Juraschek
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Neurology ,Dizziness ,Article ,Hypotension, Orthostatic ,Orthostatic vital signs ,Cognition ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Dementia ,Stroke ,Aged ,business.industry ,Proportional hazards model ,Hazard ratio ,Brain ,medicine.disease ,Hyperintensity ,Blood pressure ,Cardiology ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,business - Abstract
ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that orthostatic hypotension (OH) might cause cerebral hypoperfusion and injury, we examined the longitudinal relationship between OH or orthostatic symptoms and incident neurologic outcomes in a community population of older adults.MethodsCardiovascular Health Study participants (≥65 years) without dementia or stroke had blood pressure (BP) measured after lying down for 20 minutes and after standing 3 for minutes. Participants reported dizziness immediately upon standing and any dizziness in the past 2 weeks. OH was defined as a drop in standing systolic/diastolic BP ≥20/≥10 mm Hg. We determined the association between OH or dizziness with (1) MRI brain findings (ventricular size, white matter hyperintensities, brain infarcts) using linear or logistic regression, (2) cognitive function (baseline and over time) using generalized estimating equations, and (3) prospective adjudicated events (dementia, stroke, death) using Cox models. Models were adjusted for demographic characteristics and OH risk factors. We used multiple imputation to account for missing OH or dizziness (n = 534).ResultsPrior to imputation, there were 5,007 participants (mean age 72.7 ± 5.5 years, 57.6% women, 10.9% Black, 16% with OH). OH was modestly associated with death (hazard ratio [HR] 1.11; 95% confidence interval 1.02–1.20), but not MRI findings, cognition, dementia, or stroke. In contrast, dizziness upon standing was associated with lower baseline cognition (β = −1.20; −1.94 to −0.47), incident dementia (HR 1.32; 1.04–1.62), incident stroke (HR 1.22; 1.06–1.41), and death (HR 1.13; 1.06–1.21). Similarly, dizziness over the past 2 weeks was associated with higher white matter grade (β = 0.16; 0.03–0.30), brain infarcts (OR 1.31; 1.06–1.63), lower baseline cognition (β = −1.18; −2.01 to −0.34), and death (HR 1.13; 1.04–1.22).ConclusionsDizziness was more consistently associated with neurologic outcomes than OH 3 minutes after standing. Delayed OH assessments may miss pathologic information related to cerebral injury.
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- 2020
48. Aging, Vestibular Function, and Balance: Proceedings of a National Institute on Aging/National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders Workshop
- Author
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Paul F. Smith, Daniel M. Merfeld, Mark S. Redfern, Kelly P. Westlake, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Nicolaas I. Bohnen, Yuri Agrawal, Tanvi Bhatt, Brad Manor, and Fay B. Horak
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Gerontology ,Vestibular system ,Geriatrics ,Aging ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Rehabilitation ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: Medical Sciences ,Classification of mental disorders ,Falls in older adults ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Multidisciplinary approach ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,Medicine ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,medicine.symptom ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Balance (ability) ,Balance problems - Abstract
Balance impairment and falls are among the most prevalent and morbid conditions affecting older adults. A critical contributor to balance and gait function is the vestibular system; however, there remain substantial knowledge gaps regarding age-related vestibular loss and its contribution to balance impairment and falls in older adults. Given these knowledge gaps, the National Institute on Aging and the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders convened a multidisciplinary workshop in April 2019 that brought together experts from a wide array of disciplines, such as vestibular physiology, neuroscience, movement science, rehabilitation, and geriatrics. The goal of the workshop was to identify key knowledge gaps on vestibular function and balance control in older adults and develop a research agenda to make substantial advancements in the field. This article provides a report of the proceedings of this workshop. Three key questions emerged from the workshop, specifically: (i) How does aging impact vestibular function?; (ii) How do we know what is the contribution of age-related vestibular impairment to an older adult’s balance problem?; and more broadly, (iii) Can we develop a nosology of balance impairments in older adults that can guide clinical practice? For each of these key questions, the current knowledge is reviewed, and the critical knowledge gaps and research strategies to address them are discussed. This document outlines an ambitious 5- to 10-year research agenda for increasing knowledge related to vestibular impairment and balance control in older adults, with the ultimate goal of linking this knowledge to more effective treatment.
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- 2020
49. Self‐Reported Head Trauma Predicts Poor Dual Task Gait in Retired National Football League Players
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Ross Zafonte, Wanting Yu, On-Yee Lo, Brad Manor, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, Natalia Gouskova, Hao Zhu, Junhong Zhou, Thomas G. Travison, and Lewis A. Lipsitz
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0301 basic medicine ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Football ,STRIDE ,Task (project management) ,Head trauma ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mental distress ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Cognition ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,medicine ,Craniocerebral Trauma ,Humans ,Gait ,Research Articles ,Brain Concussion ,Aged ,2. Zero hunger ,Retirement ,biology ,Athletes ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,biology.organism_classification ,030104 developmental biology ,Neurology ,Remote Sensing Technology ,Neurology (clinical) ,Self Report ,Smartphone ,business ,human activities ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Research Article - Abstract
Objective Symptomatic head trauma associated with American-style football (ASF) has been linked to brain pathology, along with physical and mental distress in later life. However, the longer-term effects of such trauma on objective metrics of cognitive-motor function remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that ASF-related symptomatic head trauma would predict worse gait performance, particularly during dual task conditions (ie, walking while performing an additional cognitive task), in later life. Methods Sixty-six retired professional ASF players aged 29 to 75 years completed a health and wellness questionnaire. They also completed a validated smartphone-based assessment in their own homes, during which gait was monitored while they walked normally and while they performed a verbalized serial-subtraction cognitive task. Results Participants who reported more symptomatic head trauma, defined as the total number of impacts to the head or neck followed by concussion-related symptoms, exhibited greater dual task cost (ie, percentage increase) to stride time variability (ie, the coefficient of variation of mean stride time). Those who reported ≥1 hit followed by loss of consciousness, compared to those who did not, also exhibited greater dual task costs to this metric. Relationships between reported trauma and dual task costs were independent of age, body mass index, National Football League career duration, and history of musculoskeletal surgery. Symptomatic head trauma was not correlated with average stride times in either walking condition. Interpretation Remote, smartphone-based assessments of dual task walking may be utilized to capture meaningful data sensitive to the long-term impact of symptomatic head trauma in former professional ASF players and other contact sport athletes. ANN NEUROL 2020;87:75-83.
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- 2019
50. Fighting the COVID‐19 nursing home crisis: The untold story of the nursing assistants
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Lewis A. Lipsitz, Karen Petruccelli, Rossana Lau‐Ng, Mark Yurkofsky, Beth Scheffler, and Amy W. Baughman
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2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,COVID-19 ,United States ,Nursing Homes ,Nursing ,Social Isolation ,Nursing Assistants ,Commentary ,Medicine ,Humans ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,business ,Nursing homes ,Personal Protective Equipment - Published
- 2021
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