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Objective: To explore the effects of the autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR) on the psychological cravings and anxiety of women compulsorily isolated for detoxification. Method: Around 122 women were recruited in a female drug detoxification center. Except for the 12‐week training of ASMR, the experimental conditions of the experimental group (n = 60) were the same as those of the control group (n = 62). The addiction Stroop task was used to assess the level of psychological cravings and the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to assess the level of anxiety. Results: After the training, the decrease in state anxiety of the experimental group was larger than that of the control group, and the reaction time of the experimental group in the Stroop was also significantly lower than before the training. Conclusions: ASMR could thus reduce to a certain extent the state anxiety and attentional bias for drug‐related clues under signaling psychological cravings among women compulsorily isolated for detoxification. HIGHLIGHTS: Intervention effects on psychological cravings and anxiety of women isolated for detoxificationBasis for role of ASMR in regulating psychological cravings and anxiety in forced abstainersASMR intervention reduced forced abstainers' attentional bias to drug‐related clues [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, considering the influence of the principle of generalized uncertainty (GUP), the phase transition of a Schwarzschild black hole with global monopole is discussed. First, we use the generalized Dirac equation to obtain corrected Hawking temperature, local temperature, black hole residues, black hole entropy, thermal capacity, and other thermodynamic quantities. Then, we analyze the effects of generalized uncertainty parameters and the monopole parameter on phase transitions. Finally, we study the thermodynamic stability and phase transition structure under the influence of GUP. The results show that, for the black hole with global monopole, there are first–order and second–order phase transitions. In addition, the general uncertainty parameter and monopole parameter will affect the black hole residues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, under the framework of generalized uncertainty principle (GUP), based on the quantum tunneling radiation, we discuss the influence of dark matter on thermodynamics and phase transition from the X-cold dark matter (XCDM) black hole in Braneworld. It turns out that the existence of the dark matter can give rise to some new relations such as local temperature–mass, heat capacity–mass and local free energy–local temperature, and dark matter can play an important role in phase transitions. It is worth emphasizing that the first-order phase transition, second-order and Hawking–Page-like phase transitions can be observed from the new phase diagrams, and the novel and interesting thermodynamics behavior has been presented under the influence of GUP and dark matter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the thermodynamic evolution of black holes, the generalized uncertainty principle and quantum tunneling effect prevent the complete evaporation of black holes and produce remnants, and thermodynamic phase transition occurs during evaporation. Based on the generalized uncertainty principle and the method of quantum tunneling, we study the phase transition of the quantum–corrected black hole. Using the modified Hamiltonian–Jacobi equation to analyze the corrected thermodynamic quantity, we find that the thermodynamic phase transition of the black hole is not only depending on the nature of the black hole itself, it also depends on quantum parameter ξ, generalized uncertainty parameter β and parameter λ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the Hawking radiation of vector particles from a quantum correction black hole by the mean of quantum tunneling. In order to achieve this purpose, based on the Proca field equation and WKB approximation, the quantum tunneling method is used to calculate the tunneling rate and Hawking temperature of the black hole. According to the analysis of the consequences, we find that the tunneling rate and Hawking temperature are related to the quantum parameter besides the horizon radius and mass of the black hole. Furthermore, when the results are compared with those of scalar particles and fermions of the black hole, no difference is found. Therefore, the tunneling rate and Hawing temperature of the black hole do not change with the type of radiation particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, close to the Planck scale, we discuss the remnant and residue entropy from a Rutz-Schwarzschild black hole in the frame of Finsler geometry. Employing the corrected Hamilton-Jacobi equation, the tunneling radiation of a scalar particle is presented, and the revised tunneling temperature and revised entropy are also found. Taking into account generalized uncertainty principle (GUP), we analyze the remnant stability and residue entropy based on thermodynamic phase transition. In addition, the effects of the Finsler perturbation parameter, GUP parameter, and angular momentum parameter on remnant and residual entropy are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to give further insights into the holographic Van der Waals phase transition, it would be of great interest to investigate the behavior of Wilson loop across the holographic phase transition for a higher dimensional hairy black hole. We offer a possibility to proceed with a numerical calculation in order to discussion on the hairy black hole's phase transition, and show that Wilson loop can serve as a probe to detect a phase structure of the black hole. Furthermore, for a first order phase transition, we calculate numerically the Maxwell's equal area construction; and for a second order phase transition, we also study the critical exponent in order to characterize the Wilson loop's phase transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, Angheben-Nadalini-Vanzo-Zerbini (ANVZ) covariance method is used to study the tunneling radiation from the Kerr-Gödel black hole and Myers-Perry black hole with two independent angular momentum. By solving the Hamilton-Jacobi equation and separating the variables, the radial motion equation of a tunneling particle is obtained. Using near horizon approximation and the distance of the proper pure space, we calculate the tunneling rate and the temperature of Hawking radiation. Thus, the method of ANVZ covariance is extended to the research of high dimensional black hole tunneling radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experimental (simulated) transverse momentum spectra of negatively charged pions produced at midrapidity in central nucleus-nucleus collisions at the Heavy-Ion Synchrotron (SIS), Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC), and Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies obtained by different collaborations are selected by us to investigate, where a few simulated data are taken from the results of FOPI Collaboration which uses the IQMD transport code based on Quantum Molecular Dynamics. A two-component standard distribution and the Tsallis form of standard distribution are used to fit these data in the framework of a multisource thermal model. The excitation functions of main parameters in the two distributions are analyzed. In particular, the effective temperatures extracted from the two-component standard distribution and the Tsallis form of standard distribution are obtained, and the relation between the two types of effective temperatures is studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experience is well known to affect sensory-guided behaviors in many herbivorous insects. Here, we investigated the effects of natural feeding experiences of Helicoverpa armigera larvae on subsequent preferences of larval approaching and feeding, as well as the effect of host-contacting experiences of mated females on subsequent ovipositional preference. The results show that the extent of experience-induced preference, expressed by statistical analysis, depended on the plant species paired with the experienced host plant. Larval feeding preference was much easier to be induced by natural feeding experience than larval approaching preference. Naïve larvae, reared on artificial diet, exhibited clear host-ranking order as follows: tobacco ≥ cotton > tomato > hot pepper. Feeding experiences on hot pepper and tobacco could always induce positive feeding preference, while those on cotton often induced negative effect, suggesting that the direction of host plant experience-induced preference is not related to innate feeding preference. Inexperienced female adults ranked tobacco as the most preferred ovipositional host plant, and this innate preference could be masked or weakened but could not be reversed by host-contacting experience after emergence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the framework of holography, we survey the phase structure for a higher dimensional hairy black hole including the effects of the scalar field hair. It is worth emphasizing that, not only black hole entropy, but also entanglement entropy and two point correlation function exhibit the Van der Waals-like phase transition in a fixed scalar charge ensemble. Furthermore, by making use of numerical computation, we show that the Maxwell's equal area law is valid for the first order phase transition. In addition, we also discuss how the hair parameter affects the black hole's phase transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking into account quantum gravity effect influenced by the generalized uncertain principle (GUP), via modified Dirac equation, we discuss the quantum gravity correction to fermion tunneling and the remnant in a five-dimensional Myers-Perry black hole. By analyzing the modified tunneling probability, we find that the emission spectrum is no longer pure thermal. Furthermore, it is worth emphasizing that the quantum gravity correction influenced by GUP prevents the black hole from evaporating totally, resulting in a black hole remnant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By imposing Bohn-Sommerfeld quantization rule and the laws of black hole thermodynamics to the modified adiabatic covariant action, the spectroscopy of the Kerr black hole is obtained in different coordinate frames. The result shows that the area spectrum is equidistant spacing, and the Bekenstein's original result ${\Delta } A=8\pi {l_{p}^{2}}$ is also recovered. Especially, in contrast to the quasinormal mode method, in our analysis there is no need to impose the small angular momentum limit for the Kerr black hole spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the ideas of adiabatic invariant quantity, and as a further study, adopting near horizon approximation, we attempt to quantize the horizon area of an accelerating and rotating black hole in two different coordinate frames. The area spectrum is obtained by imposing Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization rule and the laws of black hole thermodynamics to the modified adiabatic covariant action of the rotating black hole. The results show that the area spectrum of the black hole is $\Delta A=8\pi {l_{p}^{2}}$, which confirms the initial proposal of Bekenstein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Very recently, via the covariant form of the adiabatic invariant I = ... pi dqi instead of I = ∫ pidqi, an equally spaced spectroscopy of a Schwarzschild black hole was derived. The emphasis was given to the covariant of results. In this paper, we extend that work in a spherically symmetric spacetime to the case of a rotating Bañados--Teitelboim--Zanelli (BTZ) black hole. It is noteworthy that the adiabatic covariant action I = ... pidqi gives the same value for the black hole spectroscopy in different coordinates. The result shows that the area spectrum is ΔA = 8π/²P, which confirms Bekenstein's initial proposal. And the result is consistent with that already obtained by other methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the ideas of adiabatic invariant quantity, we attempt to quantize the entropy of a charged black hole in de Sitter spacetime in two different coordinates. The entropy spectrum is obtained by imposing Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization rule and the laws of black hole thermodynamics to the modified adiabatic covariant action of the charged black hole. The result shows that the spacing of entropy spectrum is equidistant, and the corresponding horizon area quantum is identical to Bekenstein's result. Interestingly, in contrast to the quasinormal mode analysis, we note that there is no need to impose the small charge limit for the obtained entropy spectrum of the charged black hole. We also note that the modified adiabatic covariant action gives the same value for the black hole entropy spectrum in different coordinate frames. This is a physically desired result since the entropy spectrum should be invariant under the coordinate transformations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Via modified adiabatic invariant I=∮ p d q, we investigate the area spectrum of the d-dimensional Reissner-Nordström black hole in two different coordinate frames. Emphasis is given to covariance of the results. The equally spaced spectroscopy is always given by $\Delta A=8\pi l_{P}^{2}$, which confirms the initial proposal of Bekenstein. Additionally, it is noteworthy that how we derived the spectroscopy does not need the small charge limit in contrast to the quasinormal mode analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to investigate the area spectrum of the three-dimensional Gödel black hole by using two different methods. The result shows that the area spectrum of the black hole is ?A = 8πl2P, which confirms the initial proposal of Bekenstein that the area spectrum is independent of black hole parameters and the spacing is 8πl2P. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Very recently, a new scheme to quantize the horizon area of a black hole has been proposed by Zeng and Liu et al. In this paper, we further apply the analysis to investigate area spectrum of three dimensional BTZ black hole with the cosmological constant $${\Lambda=-1/l^{2}}$$ . The results show that the area spectrum and entropy spectrum are independent of the cosmological constant. The area spectrum of the black hole is $${\Delta A=8\pi l_{P}^{2}}$$ , which confirms the initial proposal of Bekenstein that the area spectrum is independent of the black hole parameters and the spacing is $${8\pi l_{P}^{2}}$$ . This result also confirms the speculation of Maggiore that the periodicity of a black hole may be the origin of the area quantization. In addition, for the rotating and non-rotating BTZ black holes, we obtain the same entropy spectrum $${\triangle S=2\pi}$$ , which is consistent with the result for other black holes. This implies that the entropy spectrum is more fundamental than the area spectrum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent research shows that Hawking radiation from black hole horizon can be treated as a quantum tunneling process, and fermions tunneling method can successfully recover Hawking temperature. In this tunneling framework, choosing a set of appropriate matrices γ is an important technique for fermions tunneling method. In this paper, motivated by Kerner and Man's fermions tunneling method of 4 dimension black holes, we further improve the analysis to investigate Hawking tunneling radiation from the non-extremal black hole in D = 5, SO(6) gauged supergravity by constructing a set of appropriate matrices γ for general covariant Dirac equation. Finally, the expected Hawking temperature of the black hole is correctly recovered, which takes the same form as that obtained by other methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: An eutectic NaCl–KCl molten salts method has been developed for the synthesis of SrTiO3 submicron crystallites and nanocrystals from SrO2 and two kinds (submicron and nano-sized) of TiO2 powders at 700°C, which was much lower than that (generally>1000°C) of the conventional solid state reactions. The characterization results from X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the obtained products were pure perovskite phase SrTiO3 without any contamination of Na, K, and Cl ions. The scanning electronic microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images disclosed that the starting TiO2 played an important role in the morphology and size of the obtained SrTiO3: while the product derived from TiO2 submicron crystallites comprised faceted submicron crystallites of about 95–184 nm, that derived from TiO2 nanocrystals comprised quadrate nanocrystals of about 20–61 nm. Besides, based on the experiments without the molten NaCl–KCl eutectic, at different temperatures and times, and using different kinds of TiO2, the possible formation mechanism of SrTiO3 submicron crystallites and nanocrystals was proposed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: By constructing a set of appropriate matrices for general covariant Dirac equation, we further extend fermion tunneling method to 5-dimensional Kerr–AdS black hole, and show that the expected Hawking temperature is recovered. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this paper, considering the influence of generalized uncertainty principle, we explore phase transitions of the Rutz-Schwarzschild black hole based on the Parikh-Wilczek tunneling method. First, we obtain the corrected Hawking temperature, local temperature, remnant of black hole, entropy, heat capacity and other thermodynamic quantities. Then, we analyzed the effects of generalized uncertainty parameter β on phase transition. And we investigate thermodynamic stability, the critical behavior and phase transition structure under the influence of generalized uncertainty principle at last. The results show that there are first-order and second-order phase transitions in the Rutz-Schwarzschild black hole of the Finsler genometry framework. In addition, the generalized uncertainty parameter has great influence on the generation of black hole remnant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extending Kerner and Mann’s fermion tunneling, we investigate the Dirac particle’s tunneling radiation from a black plane in Anti-de Sitter space-time. The result shows that the tunneling probability is related to the change of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: An extension of the Parikh–Wilczek''s semi-classical quantum tunneling method, the tunneling radiation of the charged particle from a charged BTZ black hole was investigated. Difference from the uncharged mass-less particle, the geodesics of the charged massive particle tunneling from the black hole is not light-like, but determined by the phase velocity. The derived result shows that the tunneling rate depends on the emitted particle''s energy and electric charge, and takes the same functional form as uncharged particle. It also prove that the exact emission spectrum is not strictly pure thermal, but is consistent with the underlying unitary theory. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between exercise-induced QT dispersion and condition of infarct-related myocardium including myocardial scar after angioplasty assessed with exercise perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Methods: Exercise thallium-201 SPECT was performed 6 months after successful direct angioplasty in 67 male patients (60.6±11.5 years), who had Q wave infarction resulting from single vessel disease, and the number of perfusion defect areas (DS) was measured at rest and exercise together with QT (QTc) dispersion. Results: In 52 patients with resting perfusion defects, the exercise-induced change in DS was correlated to the change in QT (or QTc) dispersion (r=-0.51 or r=-0.531, p<0.0001). When the patients were grouped according to the patterns of transient perfusion defect, there were significant differences in ΔQT dispersion and ΔQTc dispersion among infarct-related three groups (reverse, fixed, and partial redistributions) and normal volunteers (ΔQT dispersion; -5.7±12.7 ms in 13 patients with reverse redistribution, -16.3±13.1 ms in 30 patients with fixed redistribution, -28.9±29.5 ms in 9 patients with partial redistribution, and +3.4±20.9 ms in 12 normal volunteers, p=0.0098; ΔQTc dispersion; +18.2±20.8 ms, +1.4±16.7 ms, -15.4±30 ms, and +19±27.5 ms, p=0.0017, respectively). ΔQTc dispersion estimated the SPECT image patterns (p=0.0002) with a sensitivity of 67.3%, a specificity of 83.7% and an accuracy of 78.2%. Conclusions: The change with exercise in QT dispersion may help detect the condition of infarct-related myocardium after angioplasty. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

By considering the absorption of a charged particle, the thermodynamic laws and weak cosmic censorship conjecture are investigated for Reissner–Nordstöm–anti–de Sitter black holes with prefect fluid dark matter. We find that the first law of thermodynamics and the second law of thermodynamics are still valid in AdS spacetime with dark matter. In particular, we test the validity of weak cosmic censorship conjecture by studying how the minimum value of the function that determines the position of the horizon changes. As a result, it shows that there are always horizons that make the weak cosmic censorship conjecture hold, and the extreme black holes can evolve into non-extreme black holes in dark matter background. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the framework of holography, we discuss on the phase transition behavior from a novel Gauss–Bonnet AdS black hole discovered in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 081301 (2020)] in both charged and neutral cases. First, we explore the thermodynamic behavior for the black hole entropy by investigating T - S diagram, specific heat capacity and free energy, and we find that, in the T - S plane, the black hole exhibits a van der Waals phase transition similar to that in P - V plane in extended phase space. Secondly, we detect thermodynamic phase transition for the two point correlation function, and find that, the van der Waals phase transition can also be displayed in the T - δ L plane which is completely similar to that of black hole entropy in the T - S plane. Our result turns out that, not only the charged but also neutral cases, we can observe holographic van der Waals phase transition for the novel Gauss–Bonnet AdS black hole by employing the black hole entropy and two point correlation function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we intend to investigate the phase transition behavior in AdS spacetime of massive gravity. We found that it can exhibit different phase transitions in the T − S plane. We further study specific heat capacity and free energy of the spacetime, and C q − S and F − T phase structures with different parameters are also plotted. The results show that the phase structures are related to the charge Q , the parameters γ and λ of the AdS spacetime of massive gravity. In addition, by utilizing two point correlation function, holographic phase transitions can also be displayed in the T − δ L plane, which means phase transition behavior can be detected by the two point correlation function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nuclear charge pickup cross-sections of 1 2 C on CH2, C, Al, Cu and Pb targets at the highest energy of 288 MeV/n were investigated using CR-39 nuclear track detector. The cross-section for H was calculated from those measured on C and CH2 targets. The dependence of charge pickup cross-section on target mass was investigated. It was found that the nuclear charge pickup cross-section of 1 2 C at our studied beam energies seems to exponentially depend on the target mass with the fitting exponent b ∼ 0. 9 , which can be well explained by the peripheral and the surface collisions of the nuclear charge pickup reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hierarchical combinations involving metal–ligand interactions and host−guest interactions can consolidate building blocks with unique functions into material properties. This study reports the construction and hierarchical self‐assembly of multifunctional trinuclear AuI tricarbene complex containing three crown ether units and three ferrocene units. Host−guest interactions between the multifunctional trinuclear AuI tricarbene complex and organic ammonium salts were investigated, revealing that crown ether‐based host−guest interactions can effectively regulate the electrochemical properties of the complex. Utilizing bisammonium salt as the cross‐linker and multifunctional trinuclear AuI tricarbene complex as the core, a stimuli‐responsive and self‐healing supramolecular gel with different functional units was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, taking into account a black hole solution of Finsler theory, we study the remnant and its phase transition close to the Planck scale. Based on the corrected Dirac equation, the quantum tunneling method is applied to derive a revised Hawking temperature-uncertainty relation. Further, with the generalized uncertainty principle(GUP), when the Finsler black hole reaches the Planck scale, the remnant after evaporation is calculated. Meanwhile, according to the phase transition and heat capacity, we analyze thermodynamic stability of the black hole remnant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel dual-polarized frequency-selective rasorber (FSR) using an omnidirectional planar resistor based on graphene flake is presented in this article. The FSR exhibits a low-loss transmission window above an absorption band. It consists of a lossy layer and a lossless bandpass frequency-selective surface (FSS). In the lossy layer, a central symmetric graphene-metal hybrid structure is formed by connecting four metal strip-based resonant circuits with a square graphene flake. A low insertion loss transmission band is obtained by removing the resistance out of the parallel resonant circuits. Moreover, equivalent circuits are utilized to demonstrate the working mechanism. The proposed FSR exhibits a good absorption performance from 8.15 to 13.8 GHz, and a low insertion loss of 0.15 dB obtained at 16 GHz. Finally, a prototype FSR is fabricated and good agreement between the simulated and the measured results is obtained. The FSR has further advantages of avoiding the process of welding multiple lumped resistors per unit, thereby greatly reducing the number of lumped components and improving the planar integration of the structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, by using the metalloligands approach, a new heterometallic–organic framework has been successfully prepared by one-step synthesis of reacting H4L with metal acetate in water and EtOH mixed solvent, and its chemical formula is {CdNa2(H2O)3[(CoL)2Na(OH)(H2O)]}·6H2O (1, H4L = 3,3′-((1E,1′E)-(cyclohexane-1,2-diylbis(azanylylidene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(4-hydroxybenzoic acid)). In the biological study, the CCK-8 method was exploited to determine the survival rate of MCF7 breast cancer cells after compound treatment. The plate colony formation test was used to confirm the inhibitory effect of this compound on the proliferation of MCF7 cancer cell. Besides, the Annexin V-FITC/PI assay were performed to evaluate the apoptosis of compound-treated MCF7 cells in flow cytometer, the intracellular ROS level was also measured via Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Conventional perioperative analgesic modalities (e.g. opioids, epidural analgesia) have their own drawbacks, which limit their clinical application. This study investigated the opioid-sparing effectsof the oblique subcostal transversus abdominis plane (OSTAP) blockade with ropivacaine for the patients undergoing open liver resection with a Mercedes incision. Methods: 126 patients who were scheduled for open liver resection were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomly assigned to receive bilateral ultrasound-guided OSTAPblocks with either 0.375% ropivacaine (groupT) or 0.9% isotonic saline (group C). Both groups also received intravenous patient-controlled analgesia and intravenous 40 mg parecoxib every 12 h for a total of 3 days. Preoperative and intraoperative parameters, plus intraoperative and postoperative cumulative sufentanil consumption, were recorded. Results: 70 patients were enrolled in the study finally. There were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to preoperative parameters, and surgical and anesthetic characteristics. The intraoperative sufentanil use, cumulative sufentanil consumption at 5 min after extubation, 2 h, 4 h,12 h and 24 h after operation in group T was significantly less than that in group C (P = 0.001, 0.001, 0.000, 0.000, 0.001 and 0.044, respectively). Compared with group C, postoperative NRS pain scores at rest were significantly lower at 2 h and 4 h postoperatively in group T (P = 0.04and 0.02, respectively); NRS scores at the time of coughing were also significantly lower in group T than in group C at all time points except 5 min after extubation (all P < 0.001). Furthermore, compared with group C, the number of intraoperative vasodilator use, the extubation time and the incidence of nausea was reduced in group T. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided OSTAP block with ropivacaine can significantly decrease the perioperative cumulative dosage of analgesics and improve analgesic effect without obvious side effects for the patients who underwent an open liver resection with Mercedes incision when compared tothe ultrasound-guided OSTAP block with saline. Trial registration: The study protocol was registered at http://www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR-TRC- 14004827) on February 19, 2014. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this letter, we show that the dimensionless parameters in the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) can be constrained by the gravitational wave event GW150914, which was discovered by the LIGO Scientific and Virgo Collaborations. Firstly, according to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle (HUP) and the data of gravitational wave event GW150914, we derive the standard energy–momentum dispersion relation and calculate the difference between the propagation speed of gravitons and the speed of light, i.e., Δ υ . Next, using two proposals regarding the GUP, we also generalize our study to the quantum gravity case and obtain the modified speed of gravitons. Finally, based on the modified speed of gravitons and Δ υ , the improved upper bounds on the GUP parameters are obtained. The results show that the upper limits of the GUP parameters β 0 and α 0 are 2.3 × 10 60 and 1.8 × 10 20 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We derive the Hamilton-Jacobi equation from the Dirac equation, then, with the help of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation, the the tunneling radiation behavior of the non-stationary spherical symmetry de Sitter black hole is discussed, at last, we obtained the tunneling rate and Hawking temperature. Our results showed that the Hamilton-Jacobi equation is a fundamental dynamic equation, it can widely be derived from the dynamic equations which describe the particles with any spin. Therefore, people can easy calculate the tunneling behavior from the black holes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The modified entropic force law is studied by using a new kind of generalized uncertainty principle which contains a minimal length, a minimal momentum, and a maximal momentum. Firstly, the quantum corrections to the thermodynamics of a black hole are investigated. Then, according to Verlinde’s theory, the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) corrected entropic force is obtained. The result shows that the GUP corrected entropic force is related not only to the properties of the black holes but also to the Planck length and the dimensionless constants α0 and β0. Moreover, based on the GUP corrected entropic force, we also derive the modified Einstein’s field equation (EFE) and the modified Friedmann equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hospice nurses may devote more emotional labor during the empathy process with patients, and this empathy can be used as a form of psychological behavior of emotional labor in the hospice care model. The aim of this study was to analyze hospice nurses' empathy characteristics in the context of emotional labor theory, and explore the impact of empathy on patient care. Methods: We conducted semi-participant observations from three hospitals and multicenter in-depth interviews with n = 26 hospice nurses from eight cities. Interviews were transcribed, and directed content analysis was applied. Results: Two categories with four sub-categories were extracted from the data analysis. Category 1 described the "empathic labor" process which covers cognitive empathy (including empathic imagination, empathic consideration, and empathic perception) and affective empathy (including natural empathy, surface empathy, and deep empathy). The second category concerns the outcome of nurses' "empathic labor" which incorporates both positive and negative effects. Conclusions: The findings indicated that hospice nurses' empathy process should be understood as emotional labor. Nursing managers should pay more attention to raising the ability of deep empathy with hospice nurses, and explore more sufficient active empowerment strategies to alleviate the negative impact of empathy on nurses and to strengthen nurses' deep empathy with terminal ill patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients with COVID-19 generally raise antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 following infection, and the antibody level is positively correlated to the severity of disease. Whether the viral antibodies exacerbate COVID-19 through antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) is still not fully understood. Here, we conducted in vitro assessment of whether convalescent serum enhanced SARS-CoV-2 infection or induced excessive immune responses in immune cells. Our data revealed that SARS-CoV-2 infection of primary B cells, macrophages and monocytes, which express variable levels of FcγR, could be enhanced by convalescent serum from COVID-19 patients. We also determined the factors associated with ADE, and found which showed a time-dependent but not viral-dose dependent manner. Furthermore, the ADE effect is not associated with the neutralizing titer or RBD antibody level when testing serum samples collected from different patients. However, it is higher in a medium level than low or high dilutions in a given sample that showed ADE effect, which is similar to dengue. Finally, we demonstrated more viral genes or dysregulated host immune gene expression under ADE conditions compared to the no-serum infection group. Collectively, our study provides insight into the understanding of an association of high viral antibody titer and severe lung pathology in severe patients with COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: N-4 stacks of nuclear emulsion were exposed to 500AMeV 56Fe ions at the HIMAC NIRS. Particle production was investigated in 56Fe–Em interactions. The multiplicity distribution of projectile fragments was done in this paper and compared with interactions induced by 56Fe and other heavy ions in nuclear emulsion at other energies. The variation of characteristics of the heavy ion interactions with the mass and energy of the projectile is studied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

By analyzing the energy–momentum relationship of the absorbed fermions dropping into a Reissner–Nordstöm–anti-de Sitter black hole surrounded by dark matter, the laws of thermodynamic and weak cosmic censorship conjecture in the extended phase space are investigated. We find that the first law of thermodynamics is valid. However, the validity of the second law of thermodynamics depends on the density α of the perfect fluid dark matter. In addition, we also find that when the fermions are absorbed, the structures of black hole surrounded by dark matter would not change. Therefore, weak cosmic censorship conjecture holds for the extreme black holes and the non-extreme black holes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The projected angular distribution and transverse momentum distribution of proton projectile fragments produced in 3.7A GeV16O, 500A MeV56Fe, and 1.7A GeV84Kr induced by different kinds of emulsion target (H, CNO, and AgBr) interactions are investigated. It is found that the projected angular distribution and transverse momentum distribution can be well represented by a single Gaussian distribution. Comparison of transverse momentum distribution with the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution reveals that proton projectile fragments are emitted from a single-temperature emission source. The temperature is different for different colliding systems, and linearly depends on the target size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In this paper, we report a procedure using soft/hard dual templates to produce γ-alumina with hierarchically ordered mesopores and macropores (HOMA). Polystyrene spheres colloidal crystals and block co-polymer are sequentially used as templates for ordered macropores and mesopores, respectively. Both macropores and mesopores are ordered pores. The wall of cage-like 500nm macropores is composed of ordered mesopores of 3.6nm, and the walls of mesopores are composed of γ-alumina. When loaded with Pt nanoparticles for CO oxidation, Pt/HOMA catalyst shows excellent catalytic properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The total charge-changing cross-sections and the partial cross-sections for projectile fragments (PFs) production for the fragmentation of 12C on C, Al, Cu, Pb and CH2 targets at the highest energy of 290 A MeV were studied. It was found that the total charge-changing reaction cross-sections and the partial reaction cross-sections of PFs production were independent of the beam energy, and increased with increase of mass of target for the same beam energy. The total charge-changing reaction cross-section was the same as the prediction of Bradt–Peters semi-empirical formula, PHITS and NUCFRG2 simulation models. The partial cross-section of PFs production increased with the increase of the mass of target, and it was the same as the prediction of NUCFRG2 models. The mean scattering angle of projectile particle was smaller than the average emission angle of PF, and the width of scattering angle distribution of projectile particle was smaller than that of emission angle distribution of PFs. The mean emission angle of PFs does not obviously depend on the target mass and beam energy in our studied beam energy regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two novel coordination polymers based on Cu(II) ions as the metal nodes, {Cu(pydc)(2,2‐bpy)(DMF)}n (1, H2pydc=3,5‐pyridinedicarboxylate, 2,2‐bpy=2,2‐bipyridine) and {[Cu(H2O)2(H2imdc)2](H2O)}n (2, H3imdc=1H‐imidazole‐4,5‐dicarboxylic acid) have been synthesized via the hydrothermal or solvothermal conditions and characterized by techniques of elemental analysis, powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD) as well as the analysis of single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Furthermore, the anti‐tumor activities of compounds 1 and 2 against on U251 brain glioma cells were evaluated in vitro. The Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) detection was performed to assess anti‐tumor activities of compounds 1 and 2 on U251 brain glioma cells. The Annexin V‐FITC/PI approach and Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick‐end labeling (TUNEL) staining was used to determine the U251 brain glioma cells apoptosis after compounds treatment. Besides, the ROS assay was utilized to determine the ROS accumulation within U251 brain glioma cells after compounds treatment. The RT‐PCR was conducted to measure the ROS related genes relative expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The very low birth weight (VLBW) infant is at great risk for marked dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. In the present study, a total of 36 VLBW infants were randomly divided into two groups, who were treated with combined probiotics and placebo, and 72 fecal specimens on days 14 and 28 of life were collected from them. Finally, 32 fecal specimens extracted from 16 preterm VLBW infants were qualified and analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The primary outcome was to evaluate the change of gut microbiota in VLBW infants after combined probiotic supplement. The secondary outcome was to analyze the correlation gut microbial composition and levels of cytokines. We found that probiotic treatment, but not placebo, decreased the α-diversity of gut microbiota in VLBW infants. At the phylum level, probiotic treatment strongly increased the abundance of Firmicutes, whereas that of Proteobacteria was significantly reduced. At the family level, Streptococcaceae and Lactobacillaceae became prevalent after probiotic treatment, while the relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae was reduced in the meantime. Most notably, significant correlations were observed between Lactobacillaceae abundance and serum cytokine levels. Further studies are required to shed more light on the characteristics of gut microbiota of VLBW neonates. And the modulation of microbiota should be considered to improve the survival rate of VLBW infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Xylan is the major plant hemicellulosic polysaccharide in the secondary cell wall. The transcription factor KNOTTED‐LIKE HOMEOBOX OF ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA 7 (KNAT7) regulates secondary cell wall biosynthesis, but its exact role in regulating xylan biosynthesis remains unclear. Using transactivation analyses, we demonstrate that KNAT7 activates the promoters of the xylan biosynthetic genes, IRREGULAR XYLEM 9 (IRX9), IRX10, IRREGULAR XYLEM 14‐LIKE (IRX14L), and FRAGILE FIBER 8 (FRA8). The knat7 T‐DNA insertion mutants have thinner vessel element walls and xylary fibers, and thicker interfascicular fiber walls in inflorescence stems, relative to wild‐type (WT). KNAT7 overexpression plants exhibited opposite effects. Glycosyl linkage and sugar composition analyses revealed lower xylan levels in knat7 inflorescence stems, relative to WT; a finding supported by labeling of inflorescence walls with xylan‐specific antibodies. The knat7 loss‐of‐function mutants had lower transcript levels of the xylan biosynthetic genes IRX9, IRX10, and FRA8, whereas KNAT7 overexpression plants had higher mRNA levels for IRX9, IRX10, IRX14L, and FRA8. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays indicated that KNAT7 binds to the IRX9 promoter. These results support the hypothesis that KNAT7 positively regulates xylan biosynthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]