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A model with high accuracy and strong generalization performance is conducive to preventing serious pollution incidents and improving the decision-making ability of urban planning. This paper proposes a new neural network structure based on seasonal–trend decomposition using locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (Loess) (STL) and a dependency matrix attention mechanism (DMAttention) based on cosine similarity to predict the concentration of air pollutants. This method uses STL for series decomposition, temporal convolution, a bidirectional long short-term memory network (TCN-BiLSTM) for feature learning of the decomposed series, and DMAttention for interdependent moment feature emphasizing. In this paper, the long short-term memory network (LSTM) and the gated recurrent unit network (GRU) are set as the baseline models to design experiments. At the same time, to test the generalization performance of the model, short-term forecasts in hours were performed using PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 data. The experimental results show that the model proposed in this paper is superior to the comparison model in terms of root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The MAPE values of the 6 kinds of pollutants are 6.800%, 10.492%, 9.900%, 6.299%, 4.178%, and 7.304%, respectively. Compared with the baseline LSTM and GRU models, the average reduction is 49.111% and 43.212%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Developed a novel in vivo-in vitro model for walnut oral processing. • Quantified changes in physical texture and flavor during oral processing. • Identified 61 volatile compounds affecting walnut flavor perception. • Demonstrated a decrease in walnut hardness and chewiness with processing. • Highlighted key taste compounds: glutamic acid, alanine, arginine, sucrose. Consumer preferences for walnut products are largely determined by the flavors released during mastication. In this study, a peeled walnut kernel (PWK) model was established with oral parameters decoupled using a Hutchings 3D model. The model explored in vitro variations using head-space solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and intelligent sensory techniques. The fracture strength, hardness, particle size, adhesiveness, springiness, gumminess, and chewiness were significantly reduced during mastication. We identified 61 volatile compounds and found that 2,5-dimethyl-3-ethylpyrazine is a key component, releasing predominantly baking and milky notes. Glutamic acid, alanine, arginine, and sucrose were identified as the key compounds in taste perception. The method can help establish a mastication model for nuts and facilitate breakthroughs in the development of walnut products and processing methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the non-linear dynamics of a multimode optomechanical system constituted of a driven high-finesse Fabry–Pérot cavity containing two vibrating dielectric membranes. The analytical study allows to derive a full and consistent description of the displacement detection by a probe beam in the non-linear regime, enabling the faithful detection of membrane displacements well above the usual sensing limit corresponding to the cavity linewidth. In the weak driving regime where the system is in a pre-synchronized situation, the unexcited oscillator has a small, synchronized component at the frequency of the excited one; both large and small amplitude resonator motions are transduced in a nontrivial way by the non-linear response of the optical probe beam. We find perfect agreement between the experimental results, the numerical simulations, and an analytical approach based on slowly-varying amplitude equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cytochrome P450s play critical roles in the metabolic resistance of insecticides in insects. Previous findings showed that enhanced P450 activity was an important mechanism mediating indoxacarb resistance, and multiple P450 genes were upregulated in indoxacarb resistant strains of Spodoptera litura. However, the functions of these P450 genes in insecticide resistance remain unknown. Here, the P450 inhibitor PBO effectively decreased the resistance of S. litura to indoxacarb. Ten upregulated P450 genes were characterized, all of which were overexpressed in response to indoxacarb induction. Knockdown of nine P450 genes decreased cell viability against indoxacarb, and further silencing of three genes (CYP339A1 , CYP340G2 , CYP321A19) in larvae enhanced the sensitivity to indoxacarb. Transgenic overexpression of these three genes increased resistance to indoxacarb in Drosophila melanogaster. Moreover, molecular modeling and docking predicted that these three P450 proteins could bind tightly to indoxacarb and N -decarbomethoxylated metabolite (DCJW). Interestingly, these three P450 genes may also mediate cross-resistance to chlorantraniliprole, λ-cyhalothrin and imidacloprid. Additionally, heterologous expression and metabolic assays confirmed that three recombinant P450s could effectively metabolize indoxacarb and DCJW. This study strongly demonstrates that multiple overexpressed mitochondrial and microsomal P450 genes were involved in insecticide resistance in S. litura. [Display omitted] • Synergist bioassay confirmed the important roles of P450s in indoxacarb resistance. • Ten inducible and constitutively overexpressed P450 genes were identified and analyzed. • Several overexpressed P450 genes were involved in indoxacarb resistance. • Multiple resistant P450 genes may mediate cross-resistance to other insecticides. • This study provides direct evidence for P450s-mediated insecticides resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: S100A9, which is expressed in prostate cancer, has been reported in association with prostate cancer progression. However, the role of S100A9 in prostate cancer metastasis is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of S100A9 on prostate cancer cell invasion and the involved mechanisms. Materials and methods: Integrin β 1 expression in PC-3 and DU-145 cells was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. Cellular invasion was measured by transwell invasion assay. Western blot was used to determine protein expression. Concentrations of S100A9 and fibronectin were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The protein interaction was detected by immunoprecipitation. The NF-κB activity was measured by luciferase reporter assay. The DU-145 cells metastasis in vivo was determined in mice xenograft models after S100A9 overexpression. Results: S100A9 promoted prostate cancer cells invasion, integrin β 1 expression and fibronectin secretion. Further investigation evidenced that S100A9 interacted with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and activated NF-κB, which was responsible for tumor cell invasion, integrin β 1 up-regulation and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation. Furthermore, integrin β 1 inhibition led to decreased FAK phosphorylation and reduced tumor cell invasion. Overexpression of S100A9 increased xenograft tumor micro-metastases, integrin β 1 expression and induced NF-κB and FAK activation in vivo. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that S100A9 promotes prostate cancer cell invasion, and one of the underlying molecular mechanisms is that S100A9 activates integrin β 1/FAK through TLR4/NF-κB signaling leading to metastasis of prostate cancer cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnesium silicate and basic magnesium carbonate were characterized and their application in the low temperature adsorption refining of fragrant rapeseed oil was investigated. The results showed that both materials had a loose porous structure, but their particle size distribution, active functional groups, crystallinity, specific surface area, pore volume, and pore size differed. Under the optimal adsorption refining conditions, magnesium silicate and basic magnesium carbonate reduced the phospholipid content from 4.18 to 0.83 and 1.57 mg/g, acid value from 1.67 to 0.88 and 0.90 mgKOH/g, yellow value from 38.2 to 32.1 and 36.2, and red value from 2.9 to 1.7 and 2.2, respectively. The use of these two magnesium salts did not significantly alter the composition of fatty acids and the content of tocopherol. The retention rates of total phytosterol by magnesium silicate and basic magnesium carbonate were 93.6% and 95.9%, respectively. The retention rates of total phenol were 88.9% and 93.9%, respectively. The adsorption refining process proved to be advantageous in purifying fragrant rapeseed oil while maintaining the dominant flavor components relatively unchanged (P < 0.05). As a result, these two magnesium salts have the potential to be used during the low temperature adsorption refining process of fragrant rapeseed oil. • The two magnesium salts both had good adsorption refining effect on rapeseed oil. • Magnesium silicate showed superior adsorption refining capacity than the other. • Retention rates of micronutrients by the two magnesium salts were very promising. • The refining by the two magnesium salts purified the flavor of the rapeseed oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Giant-Skippers (Megathymini) are unusual thick-bodied, moth-like butterflies whose caterpillars feed inside Yucca roots and Agave leaves. Giant-Skippers are attributed to the subfamily Hesperiinae and they are endemic to southern and mostly desert regions of the North American continent. To shed light on the genotypic determinants of their unusual phenotypic traits, we sequenced and annotated a draft genome of the largest Giant-Skipper species, the Bear (Megathymus ursus violae). The Bear skipper genome is the least heterozygous among sequenced Lepidoptera genomes, possibly due to much smaller population size and extensive inbreeding. Their lower heterozygosity helped us to obtain a high-quality genome with an N50 of 4.2 Mbp. The ~ 430 Mb genome encodes about 14000 proteins. Phylogenetic analysis supports placement of Giant-Skippers with Grass-Skippers (Hesperiinae). We find that proteins involved in odorant and taste sensing as well as in oxidative reactions have diverged significantly in Megathymus as compared to Lerema, another Grass-Skipper. In addition, the Giant-Skipper has lost several odorant and gustatory receptors and possesses many fewer (1/3-1/2 of other skippers) anti-oxidative enzymes. Such differences may be related to the unusual life style of Giant-Skippers: they do not feed as adults, and their caterpillars feed inside Yuccas and Agaves, which provide a source of antioxidants such as polyphenols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a novel technique for investigating the synchronization effect for uncertain networks with quantum chaotic behaviors in this paper. Through designing a special function to construct Lyapunov function of network and the adaptive laws of uncertain parameters, the synchronization between the uncertain network and the synchronization target can be realized, and the uncertain parameters in state equations of the network nodes are perfectly identified. All the theoretical results are verified by numerical simulations to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed synchronization technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the framework of superconducting hybrid systems, we construct a star quantum network in which a superconducting transmission line resonator as a quantum bus and multiple units constituted by transmission line resonator and superconducting qubits as the carriers of quantum information. We further propose and analyze a theoretical scheme to realize quantum information processing in the quantum network. The coupling between the bus and any two superconducting qubits can be selectively implemented based on the dark state resonances of the highly dissipative transmission line resonators, and it can be found that quantum information processing between any two units can be completed in one step. As examples, the transmission of unknown quantum states and the preparation of quantum entanglement in this quantum network are investigated. At last, we exhibit our simulation results and complete the relevant discussions in order to show the advantages of this kind of quantum network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we propose a novel technology to investigate the synchronization transmission of target signal within the coupling network. In this new technology, the network synchronization transmission is realized through the coupling between the network nodes, and the controller is not required to add in the network. Especially, as long as the target signal can be input to an arbitrary node in the network, so all the network nodes are synchronized to the target signal, that is, the target signal has got synchronization transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synchronization between uncertain nonidentical networks with quantum chaotic behavior is researched. The identification laws of unknown parameters in state equations of network nodes, the adaptive laws of configuration matrix elements and outer coupling strengths are determined based on Lyapunov theorem. The conditions of realizing synchronization between uncertain nonidentical networks are discussed and obtained. Further, Jaynes–Cummings model in physics are taken as the nodes of two networks and simulation results show that the synchronization performance between networks is very stable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose and discuss a theoretical scheme to speed up Zeno dynamic passage by an external acceleration Hamiltonian. This scheme is a flexible and experimentally feasible acceleration because the acceleration Hamiltonian does not adhere rigidly to an invariant relationship, whereas it can be a more general form ∑ u j ( t ) H c j . Here H c j can be arbitrarily selected without any limitation, and therefore one can always construct an acceleration Hamiltonian by only using realizable H c j . Applying our scheme, we finally design an experimentally feasible Hamiltonian as an example to speed up an entanglement preparation passage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The zeolite Y is considered as a leading catalyst for FCC industry. The acidity and porosity modification play important roles in determining the final catalytic properties of zeolite Y. The alkaline treatment of zeolite Y by dealumination and alkaline treatment with NaOH and NaOH&TBPH was investigated. The zeolites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, low-temperature adsorption of nitrogen, transmission electron microscope, NMR, NH 3 -TPD and IR study of acidity. Accordingly, the hierarchical porosity and acidity property were discussed systematically. Finally, the catalytic performance of the zeolites Y was evaluated in the cracking of 1,3,5-TIPB. It was found that desilication with NaOH&TBPH ensured the more uniform intracrystalline mesoporosity with higher microporosity, while preserving higher B/L ratio and moderate Brønsted acidities resulting in catalysts with the most appropriated acidity and then with better catalytic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present report, we investigate the dynamics of quantum correlation of four qubits system, and we characterize this kind of dynamics by quantum consonance and concurrence as measurement of quantum correlation and entanglement, respectively. By this measurement, one can easily study if non-entangled quantum correlation can transfer to entanglement. In our model, we find that this case cannot be realized. In addition, we constructed a four qubits swapping gate, which is made up of two bipartite swapping gates. Under this composite gate the quantum correlation is exchanged between two entangled pairs. The influence of the physical parameters like the purity and the amount of entanglement of the initial states is also examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Critical Assessment of techniques for protein Structure Prediction (or CASP) is a community-wide blind test experiment to reveal the best accomplishments of structure modeling. Assessors have been using the Global Distance Test (GDT_TS) measure to quantify prediction performance since CASP3 in 1998. However, identifying significant score differences between close models is difficult because of the lack of uncertainty estimations for this measure. Here, we utilized the atomic fluctuations caused by structure flexibility to estimate the uncertainty of GDT_TS scores. Structures determined by nuclear magnetic resonance are deposited as ensembles of alternative conformers that reflect the structural flexibility, whereas standard X-ray refinement produces the static structure averaged over time and space for the dynamic ensembles. To recapitulate the structural heterogeneous ensemble in the crystal lattice, we performed time-averaged refinement for X-ray datasets to generate structural ensembles for our GDT_TS uncertainty analysis. Using those generated ensembles, our study demonstrates that the time-averaged refinements produced structure ensembles with better agreement with the experimental datasets than the averaged X-ray structures with B-factors. The uncertainty of the GDT_TS scores, quantified by their standard deviations (SDs), increases for scores lower than 50 and 70, with maximum SDs of 0.3 and 1.23 for X-ray and NMR structures, respectively. We also applied our procedure to the high accuracy version of GDT-based score and produced similar results with slightly higher SDs. To facilitate score comparisons by the community, we developed a user-friendly web server that produces structure ensembles for NMR and X-ray structures and is accessible at . Our work helps to identify the significance of GDT_TS score differences, as well as to provide structure ensembles for estimating SDs of any scores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although many quantum correlation criteria have been proposed successively in recent years, it is still an open question how to observe these criteria with the non-Hermitian terms in themselves. We propose an indirect scheme in this paper to observe non-Hermitian criteria and to judge whether or not quantum correlation exists in the system even though the expectation value measurement of non-Hermitian operator is invalid in quantum mechanics system. Our idea is to establish a critical state of mesoscopic oscillator under mean-field approximation, and the oscillator state will take place transition when the quantum correlation destroys the mean-field approximation. The non-Hermitian measurement will replace the position measurement in this process and it can be seen as a non-destructive detection. We give an example to explain this idea in a designed mesoscopic optomechanical system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose an indirect method based on an adaptive technique for analyzing the chaos behavior of a general quantum system with complex nonlinear evolution. Using this method, we design an identification function that effectively recognizes the uncertain parameters in a chaotic quantum system only by measuring the system outputs. As an example, we study an atom ensemble in an optical cavity and we obtain a specific parameter identification scheme after analyzing the chaos behaviors. We also verify the accuracy of the identification scheme using numerical simulations and we discuss the influence of different types of errors on the accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aquantum secure direct communication (QSDC) scheme is proposed based on multi-body entangled system in this paper. The mathematical description of the QSDC scheme is given firstly and the process of direct communication is investigated. The communication scheme based on multi-body entangled system and the general method of information coding are further completed. Finally, a communication scheme using four-body systems is introduced as example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The preparation process of quantum Bell states $${\vert }\psi ^{\pm }\rangle $$ is investigated using two $$\Lambda $$ -type Rydberg atoms for the carriers. Two ground states $${\vert }f\rangle $$ and $${\vert }g\rangle $$ of the $$\Lambda $$ -type atoms are defined as logical states $${\vert }0\rangle $$ and $$\left| \hbox {1} \right\rangle $$ to establish the physical model for preparing quantum state based on the quantum Zeno dynamics theory. Further, the theoretical analysis and derivation for the physical model are completed, and preparation of Bell state is obtained. Finally, feasibility analysis about the preparation scheme of Bell states is made. The transitions between atomic energy levels can be avoided after completing preparation of Bell state because the logic states $${\vert }0\rangle $$ and $${\vert }1\rangle $$ are all the ground states in this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The oil and protein of dehulled cold-pressed double-low rapeseed cake was extracted by an aqueous enzymatic process. The rapeseed cake was treated by the chosen combined enzymes of Viscozyme L and Alcalase 2.4L (VLA,1:1,w/w). Preliminary experiments and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) were used to study the effects of enzyme concentration, incubation time and water-to-cake ratio on the extraction yield of oil and protein. This is how the desirable conditions were obtained. Transmissive electron microscope photo showed that after cold-pressing the cell structure of rapeseed was partly damaged while dehulling had little effect on the cell structure of rapeseed. In RSM experiments water-to-cake ratio showed significant effects on the extraction of oil and protein (P<0.05),while incubation time only showed significant effects on protein yield (P<0.05).The desirable conditions were as follows: 1.0% concentration (w/w) of VLA; water-to-cake ratio(w/w),6:1; 80 min incubation time. Under this condition, the extraction yield of protein and oil were 82.10% and 71.89%, respectively. Through combining both the cold-press and the aqueous enzymatic processes together, the total oil yield reached 91.6%, which is higher than the normal cold-press process or the aqueous enzymatic extraction process alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Accurate measurement of in vitro cell growth is critical for oncology drug development, but cell counting and the most accurate indirect proliferation assays are impractical. Here, we describe a robust alternative method that monitors proliferating cell thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) activity via LC–MS/MS quantification of 3′-deoxy-3′-fluorothymidine (FLT) and its monophosphate metabolite FLT-MP. LNCaP prostate cancer cells were cultured at four densities (20,000; 10,000; 5000; and 500cells/well) and incubated with 2000ng/mL FLT in multi-well plates. Internal standards were FLT-d3 for FLT and d4-thymidine for FLT-MP. In culture medium, peak area ratios of FLT to FLT-d3 and FLT-MP to d4-thymidine were linear over the range 0.25–100ng/mL (r 2 ≥0.998). Accuracy for quality controls was between −7.3% and 6.3% for FLT, and from −3.3% to 1.7% for FLT-MP. Quality control precision was from 2.4% to 5.7% for FLT and 3.2% to 7.5% for FLT-MP. The limit of quantification was 0.25ng/mL, with good control results (precision of 9.6% for FLT and 14.8% for FLT-MP). FLT-MP formation was linearly proportional to cell number from 500 to 20,000 cells/well 1h after FLT addition. FLT-MP and ATP generation were comparable in LNCaP cells exposed to cell cycle inhibitor drugs (Spearman r =0.925, p <0.0001), demonstrating assay suitability for drug screening. This fit for purpose method is amenable to analysis of tumor tissue extracts, and should enable direct assessment of in vitro–in vivo relationships in animal models of cancer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Recent breakthroughs in stem cell biology, especially the development of induced pluripotent stem cell technique, have generated tremendous enthusiasm and efforts to explore the therapeutic potential of stem cells in regenerative medicine. Improved understanding of stem cell biology, in addition to better control of stem cell fate, is critical to realize this potential. Small molecules, targeting specific signaling pathways and/or mechanisms, have been shown to be useful chemical tools in manipulating cell fate, state and function. These small molecules are starting to play increasingly important roles in both elucidating the fundamental biology of stem cells and facilitating the development of therapeutic approaches toward regenerative medicine. Such approaches could involve cell replacement therapies using homogenous functional cells produced under chemically defined conditions in vitro and the development of small-molecule drugs that can stimulate patients’ endogenous cells to repair and regenerate. Here, we review recent progress in using small molecules to sustain pluripotency, or induce differentiation of embryonic stem cells. We also highlight small molecules that can replace transcription factors and/or enhance efficiency during somatic cell reprogramming. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this paper, the anti-synchronization of two different chaotic systems is investigated. On the basis of a nonlinear control scheme and Lyapunov theory, sufficient conditions for the stability of the error dynamics are derived, where the controllers are designed by using the sum of the relevant variables in chaotic systems. Numerical simulations are performed for the Genesio–Rossler system to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The degradation of type II collagen has been associated with the pathology of osteoarthritis (OA). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are enzymes that are responsible for catalyzing the degradation of collagen and, therefore, are pursued as potential targets for the treatment of OA. Collagen-derived peptides identified as a reflection of in vivo MMP activity have been investigated as target biomarkers of MMP activity as well as potential biomarkers of OA disease state and/or progression. An immunoaffinity liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) assay developed for the quantification of the most abundant urinary type II collagen neoepitope (uTIINE) peptide, a 45-mer with 5 HO-proline residues resulting from MMP-13-catalyzed degradation, was validated for clinical use. Validation experiments were designed with attention to specific challenges related to quantification of endogenous analytes. The validated method is sensitive, selective, accurate (<15% relative error) and precise (<15% coefficient of variation) over a linear range of 0.156–7.50ng/ml. Sample stability and inter- and intrasubject variability were evaluated in the urine of normal and OA populations. The method was applied to analyze human urine samples from clinical studies investigating the utility of uTIINE as a potential biomarker for OA. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) plays a central role in the metabolism of insecticides. Numerous studies have shown that CPR is associated with insecticide resistance in insect. In this study, two transcripts of Spodoptera litura CPR (SlCPR-X1 and SlCPR-X2) were identified and cloned, and the deduced protein of SlCPR-X1 contains all the conserved CPR structural features (N-terminal membrane anchor, FMN, FAD and NADP binding domains, FAD binding motif, and catalytic residues). However, no N-terminal member anchor and a shorter FMN binding region have been identified in the deduced protein of SlCPR-X2. The specific expression patterns showed that SlCPR-X1 and SlCPR-X2 were detected in all tested developmental stages and tissues, but highly expressed in third-, fourth-, and fifth-instar larvae, and in midgut and fat body. In addition, compared with the susceptible strain, SlCPR-X1 and SlCPR-X2 were up-regulated and more inducible when treated with indoxacarb in the indoxacarb-resistant strain. However, the relative expression, up-regulation and induction of SlCPR-X1 were all higher than those of SlCPR-X2 in the indoxacarb-resistant strain. Furthermore, RNA interference and baculovirus expression system combined with MTT cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that only SlCPR-X1 with the N-terminal membrane anchor as the major CPR potentially involved in S. litura indoxacarb resistance. The outcome of this study further expands our understanding of the important role of insect CPR in xenobiotics detoxification and resistance development, and CPR could be a potential target for insecticide resistance management mediated by RNAi or CRISPR/Cas. [Display omitted] • Two transcripts of CPR (SlCPR-X1 and SlCPR-X2) were identified in S. litura. • SlCPR-X1 contains all conserved domains of CPR, but no member anchor and a shorter FMN binding region were found in SlCPR-X2. • SlCPR-X1 and SlCPR-X2 were up-regulated and more inducible when treated with indoxacarb in the InRS compared with the SS. • The relative expression, up-regulation and induction of SlCPR-X1 were all higher than those of SlCPR-X2 in the InRS. • SlCPR-X1 with the N-terminal membrane anchor as the major CPR potentially involved in S. litura indoxacarb resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a video summarization algorithm called the Mutual Information and Entropy based adaptive Sliding Window (MIESW) method, which is specifically for the static summary of gesture videos. Considering that gesture videos usually have uncertain transition postures and unclear movement boundaries or inexplicable frames, we propose a three-step method where the first step involves browsing a video, the second step applies the MIESW method to select candidate key frames, and the third step removes most redundant key frames. In detail, the first step is to convert the video into a sequence of frames and adjust the size of the frames. In the second step, a key frame extraction algorithm named MIESW is executed. The inter-frame mutual information value is used as a metric to adaptively adjust the size of the sliding window to group similar content of the video. Then, based on the entropy value of the frame and the average mutual information value of the frame group, the threshold method is applied to optimize the grouping, and the key frames are extracted. In the third step, speeded up robust features (SURF) analysis is performed to eliminate redundant frames in these candidate key frames. The calculation of Precision, Recall, and F m e a s u r e are optimized from the perspective of practicality and feasibility. Experiments demonstrate that key frames extracted using our method provide high-quality video summaries and basically cover the main content of the gesture video. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Ni/hierarchical ZSM-5 catalyst was developed to upgrade phenolic bio-oil. • Mesopores and strong acidities resulted in high catalytic HDO activity. • Metal-support interaction also promoted the occurrence of HDO. • The selectivity to deoxygenated products retains above 97.0% after seven cycles. Hierarchical ZSM-5 with mesopores were derived from seed directing crystalline process. The efficient encapsulation of nickel metal was achieved by a simple incipient wetness impregnation method, and a stable Ni/hierarchical ZSM-5 hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) catalyst was fabricated. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by XRD, N 2 -adsorption, FTIR, H 2 -TPR, NH 3 -TPD and TEM and were further tested for the hydrodeoxygenation of bio-derived guaiacol. Nickel particle size of about 6 nm and strong metal-support interaction were found for Ni/H-Z5 catalysts. It was discovered that the hydrodeoxygenation activity of the catalyst can be greatly improved by mesopores and strong acid sites. The reaction pathways were carefully studied to elucidate the effect of mesopores and acid sites. The Ni/ZSM-5 catalyst can be recycled seven times without loss of its initial selectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A highly active La-Zr-Beta catalyst for the reduction of cyclohexanone via the Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV) process was developed. La-doping would not change the concentration of surface acid sites of Zr-Beta, but it can enhance the L/B ratio of the same solid. 1.0 wt% La-Zr-Beta zeolite with proper micropores presented the best catalytic activity with cyclohexanone conversion of 95% and cyclohexanol selectivity of 99%. La-doping can decrease the strength of strong basicity in the zeolite. The superior catalytic performance comes from the mediating effect of La, which efficiently improves the synergy effect between acidic and basic sites formed in the Zr-Beta zeolite. Unlabelled Image • A novel La-doped Lewis acid catalyst was prepared. • The strong basicity of zeolite can be decreased by the addition of La. • The La-Zr-Beta zeolite presented outstanding activity for MPV reduction. • The synergy between acid and base sites plays a crucial role in the catalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolite was synthesized by a segmented steam-assisted crystallization method. • Hierarchical ZSM-5 promotes the diffusion property of large molecular. • HDO activity is significantly improved by enhancing the accessibility of acidities. • Anisole mainly reacts on active nickel metal with direct deoxygenation. Upgrading of bio-oil through catalytic hydrotreating was investigated with anisole as a model compound. Hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites with nano-crystalline structure were successfully synthesized by a segmented steam-assisted crystallization method by tuning the rate of crystallization during the phase transforming between the amorphous structure and crystalline structure without using the organic template. The diffusional properties of ZSM-5 samples were investigated by catalytic cracking of 1,3,5-TIPB. Ni/hierarchical ZSM-5 catalysts displayed an excellent performance in the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of biomass-derived anisole to cyclohexane in comparison with conventional Ni/ZSM-5 catalyst. The activity and selectivity were significantly improved by enhancing the accessibility of acidities. Anisole HDO mainly follows the anisole to benzene with metal sites by direct deoxygenation, then cyclohexane formed by hydrogenation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most effective methods for producing radioisotopes aimed at Nuclear Medicine applications , such as 99mTc and 99Mo , is to use a compact proton accelerator located near hospitals. Target utilization efficiency is a critical factor in the production of these isotopes , through the 100Mo(p, 2n)99mTc and 100Mo(p, pn)99Mo nuclear reaction routes. To maximize the utilization efficiency, a multi-layer target structure was developed aimed at achieving a high radionuclidic purity (RNP) level. The yield and RNP of different target structures were calculated and compared by using FLUKA code, and benchmark experiments were conducted using a proton beam at the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) Associated Proton Experimental Platform (APEP). Results showed that the multi-layer target structure has the potential to significantly reduce production costs compared to a single-layer target. The multi-layer target structure is being adopted for the production of both 99mTc and 99Mo at APEP, with an expected 99mTc yield of up to 60 MBq enough for preclinical studies after 100Mo target being irradiated for about 2 h at a beam intensity of 62.5 μA. • FLUKA calculated Mo-99/Tc-99m yields, purity under different conditions. • Study provides general rule for Mo-99/Tc-99m production using 100Mo(p,2n)99mTc and 100Mo(p,pn)99Mo reaction pathways. • Proposed multi-layer target scheme for increased yield, cost reduction. • Verified multi-layer target structure can increase yield, reduce costs under APEP beam conditions. • Scheme superiority preliminarily verified through experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Propane dehydrogenation (PDH) has attracted the attention of numerous researchers because of its great potential industrial value. But the existing industrial catalytic systems used metals are environmental unfriendly or expensive such as Cr- and Pt- based catalysts. Herein, a series of catalysts with different contents Zn loading on zeolite composite composed of Beta and Mordenite (named as BMZ) were prepared, and XRD, UV–vis, SEM, TEM, NH3-TPD, N2 adsorption–desorption measurement, 29Si NMR, XPS and FT-IR were employed to characterize the physicochemical properties of the as-prepared catalysts. The results display that as compared with the BMZ, dBMZ (obtained from BMZ by acid treatment) serving as a carrier contributes to giving well-dispersed Zn species with framework Zn and ultrasmall Zn nanoclusters. The interaction between the silanol nest formed by dealuminization resulted from the acid treatment and the metal zinc species, not only realizes the active metal high dispersion and anchoring, but also endows the active metal sites with excellent properties for sintering resistance and renewability. As a typical representative, dBMZ-15 catalyst (loading 15% Zn on dBMZ) shows excellent catalytic performances in PDH with a propane initial conversion of 38.6% and an average propylene selectivity more than 80%. The results also exhibit dBMZ-x has a good renewability for three successive PDH cycles at 530 ℃, and further suggest an excellent PDH catalyst for potential industrial application. Dealumination by acid treatment results in the formation of a large number of silanol nests, which reacts with Zn precursors and promotes the formation of framework Zn species. The introduced mesopores by acid treatment also contributes to the formation of ultra-small Zn nanoclusters. The Zn species anchored in framework or confined in hierarchical pores not only help to improve the catalytic performances for high catalytic activity along with high propylene selectivity, but also to offer the catalyst with a high resistance sintering and renewability during PDH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive ocular ailment causing age-associated vision deterioration, characterized by dysregulated immune cell activity. Notably, follicular helper T (Tfh) cells have emerged as pivotal contributors to AMD pathogenesis. Nonetheless, investigations into Tfh-associated gene biomarkers for this disorder remain limited. Methods: Utilizing gene expression data pertinent to AMD procured from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository, we employed the "DESeq2" R software package to standardize and preprocess expression levels. Concurrently, CIBERSORT analysis was utilized to compute the infiltration proportions of 22 distinct immune cell types. Subsequent to weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA), coupled with differential expression scrutiny, we pinpointed genes intricately linked with Tfh cells. These potential genes underwent further screening using the MCODE function within Cytoscape software. Ultimately, a judicious selection of pivotal genes from these identified clusters was executed through the LASSO algorithm. Subsequently, a diagnostic nomogram was devised based on these selected genes. Results: Evident Tfh cell disparities between AMD and control cohorts were observed. Our amalgamated analysis, amalgamating differential expression data with co-expression patterns, unveiled six genes closely associated with Tfh cells in AMD. Subsequent employment of the LASSO algo-rithm facilitated identification of the most pertinent genes conducive to predictive modeling. From these, GABRB3, MFF, and PROX1 were elected as prospective diagnostic biomarkers for AMD. Conclusions: This investigation discerned three novel biomarker genes, linked to inflammatory mechanisms and pivotal in diagnosing AMD. Further exploration of these genes holds potential to foster novel therapeutic modalities and augment comprehension of AMD's disease trajectory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The promotion of ridge-furrow and film mulching technology has led to a drastic increase in potato cultivation in the semi-arid northwest China. However, the optimal nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) combined fertilisation regime is still unclear under the planting pattern. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of N, P and K upon the dry matter accumulation and yield formation of potato under ridge and furrow film mulching cropping in a two consecutive year field experiment in a semiarid region. Nitrogen (four N rates), phosphorus (four P rates) and potassium (four K rates) were applied at planting: at combined rates of 0, 75, 150 and 225 kg N ha−1, and at rates of 0, 37.5, 75 and 112.5 kg P ha−1 and 0, 60, 120 and 180 kg K ha−1. The results suggested that fertilisation with N, P and K at various levels exerted differential effects on dry matter accumulation of the whole plant and tubers, as well as tuber yield per plant. The highest N rate slowed dry matter accumulation, altered source–sink relations and reduced tuber yield per plant. However, higher P and K rates had a positive effect on those parameters, promoting the timely transfer of assimilates to tubers and facilitating dry matter accumulation in the tubers, so that tuber yield per plant increased. A medium N and higher P rates augmented the tuber dry matter content at the rapid accumulation stage, while adding more P had marginal effects on dry matter accumulated. An optimal N, P and K combined fertilisation strengthened dry matter accumulation of tubers. Under treatment 7 (i.e. N2 + P3 + K2), dry matter accumulation occurred sooner, its duration was shorter and both maximum dry matter growth rate and mean dry matter accumulating rate were greatest; large tuber mass, yield per plant and yield per plot were all maximised vis-à-vis the other treatments. Therefore, medium N and K applications and the highest P fertilisation level are optimal to promote tuber expansion and yield of potato. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: One approach to infer functions of new proteins from their homologs utilizes visualization of an all-against-all pairwise similarity network (A2ApsN) that exploits the speed of BLAST and avoids the complexity of multiple sequence alignment. However, identifying functions of the protein clusters in A2ApsN is never trivial, due to a lack of linking characterized proteins to their relevant information in current software packages. Given the database errors introduced by automatic annotation transfer, functional deduction should be made from proteins with experimental studies, i.e. ‘reference proteins’. Here, we present a web server, termed Pclust, which provides a user-friendly interface to visualize the A2ApsN, placing emphasis on such ‘reference proteins’ and providing access to their full information in source databases, e.g. articles in PubMed. The identification of ‘reference proteins’ and the ease of cross-database linkage will facilitate understanding the functions of protein clusters in the network, thus promoting interpretation of proteins of interest.Availability: The Pclust server is freely available at http://prodata.swmed.edu/pclustContact: grishin@chop.swmed.eduSupplementary Information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is currently considered as a vital indicator of food quality in antioxidant ability and attracts much attention for human healthcare. It is thus of great significance to realize the accurate and rapid detection of TAC in foods. Herein, we have constructed a preferable hybrid nanozyme based on the mesoporous silica-stabilized CuO composited Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@MSNs@CuO, FMC NPs), which possess the enhanced peroxidase (POD)-like activity via cascade response for specific and sensitive determination of TAC in fruit foods. The results showed the hybrid nanozyme displayed a remarkable POD-like activity, excellent selectivity and sensitivity, and the limit of detection (LOD) of the colorimetric sensor was 6.13 mM with the concentration range from 10 to 45 mM. Therefore, the fabricated hybrid nanozyme can be regarded as an effective biosensor for the evaluation of antioxidant quality in fruit foods in future. Key points: • The stabilized bimetallic nanozyme was constructed for TAC analysis in fruits. • The hybrid nanozyme possessed the enhanced POD-like activity by cascading effects. • The nanozyme was an effective biosensor for antioxidant quality evaluation in fruits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To tackle the low conductivity, unstable contact resistance, poor impact strength of conductive adhesive, this paper studies dendritic silver powders as conductive filler on the properties of conductive adhesive. The results show that compared with flake silver powder preparation of conductive adhesive, doping dendritic conductive silver glue show better electrical conductivity, whose volume resistivity decreased 0.8 X 10-3 Ω ⋅ cm. On this basis, the effects of surface treatments such as oleic acid and KI on the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of the conductive adhesive were explored, and the mechanism of improving the conductive property of the conductive adhesive was analyzed. The results showed that the types of surface treatment agents had a selective effect on the properties of conductive adhesives. The conductive adhesives treated with KI had better conductive properties, and the conductive adhesives with dendritic silver powder as filler showed the lowest resistance (0.9 Ω). The conductive adhesive treated with oleic acid showed better mechanical properties, and the conductive adhesive with flake silver powder as filler had better shear force (570 N), which provided technical support for the research and development of conductive adhesive products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sequencing complete genomes of all major phylogenetic groups of organisms opens unprecedented opportunities to study evolution and genetics. We report draft genomes of Calephelis nemesis and Calephelis virginiensis , representatives of the family Riodinidae. They complete the genomic coverage of butterflies at the family level. At 809 and 855 Mbp, respectively, they become the largest available Lepidoptera genomes. Comparison of butterfly genomes shows that the divergence between Riodinidae and Lycaenidae dates to the time when other families started to diverge into subfamilies. Thus, Riodinidae may be considered a subfamily of Lycaenidae. Calephelis species exhibit unique gene expansions in actin-disassembling factor, cofilin, and chitinase. The functional implications of these gene expansions are not clear, but they may aid molting of caterpillars covered in extensive setae. The two Calephelis species diverged about 5 million years ago and they differ in proteins involved in metabolism, circadian clock, regulation of development, and immune responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the antitumor effect of combined capecitabine (CAP) and osimertinib (OSI) therapy and quickly and efficiently reduce tumor volumes for preoperative chemotherapy, we designed a compound CAP colon-targeted microparticle (COPMP) prepared by coaxial electrospray. COPMP is a core–shell microparticle composed of a Eudragit S100 outer layer and a CAP/OSI-loaded PLGA core. In this study, we characterized its size distribution, drug loading (DL), encapsulation efficiency (EE), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), in vitro release, formula ratio, cellular growth inhibition, and in vivo antitumor efficacy. COPMP is of spherical appearance with a size of 1.87 ± 0.23 μm. The DLs of CAP and OSI are 4.93% and 4.95%, respectively. The DSC showed that the phase state of CAP and OSI changed after encapsulation. The FTIR results indicated good compatibility between the drug and excipients. The release curve showed that CAP and OSI were released in a certain ratio. They were barely released prior to 2 h (pH 1.0), less than 50% was released between 3 and 5 h (pH 6.8), and sustained release of up to 80% occurred between 6 and 48 h (pH 7.4). CAP and OSI demonstrated a synergistic effect on HCT-116 cells. In a colon tumor model, the tumor inhibition rate after oral administration of COPMP reached 94% within one week. All the data suggested that COPMP promotes the sustained release of CAP and OSI in the colon, which provides a preoperative chemotherapy scheme for the treatment of colon cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highly dispersed Fe3O4 polyhedrons have been fabricated through the solvothermal transformation of α-Fe2O3 nanocrystals. The shapes, sizes, and surface characteristics of the Fe3O4 polyhedrons can be facilely controlled. The growth route is confirmed as the process of “dissolution–reduction–recrystallization”. The saturation magnetization of as-prepared Fe3O4 reaches 102.2 emu g−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To solve the easy deactivation of zeolite catalyst in methanol to propylene (MTP) reaction, hierarchical ZSM-11 zeolite composed of loosely aggregating ultra-small nanocrystals (∼10 nm) were prepared using vinyltrimethoxysilane-methyl methacrylate (VTMS-MMA) copolymer latex as a "bond blocker". The structure and texture properties of the as-synthesized zeolite were systematically characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N 2 adsorption desorption, NH 3 -TPD, and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The results showed that as compared with the parent ZSM-11-0 without adding the latex, the hierarchically porous ZSM-11- x (1 ≤ x ≤ 3) zeolite synthesized with VTMS-MMA copolymer latex had a higher surface area, mesopore volume, and moderate acidity. Due to the nanocrystallization of the primary grain in the polycrystalline aggregates, the micropores channels in the as-synthesized ZSM-11- x (1 ≤ x ≤ 3) were effectively shortened and abundant intercrystalline mesopores resulted from loosely aggregating of the ultrasmall primary crystals were therefore introduced, which offered the optimized ZSM-11-1 catalysts with a longer catalyst life (46 h) and a higher propylene yield (∼40.5 %) in MTP. Active R–Si(OH) 3 species yielded from the hydrolyzation of the vinyl trimethoxysilane copolymer segment of CPMMA-VTMS suffers from polycondensation reaction with the hydroxyl groups of silicon (aluminum) and then form R–Si(OT) 3 (T = Al or Si) on the surface of the primary microcrystals, locally inhibiting the continuous growth of primary microcrystals. [Display omitted] • Polycrystal ZSM-11 aggregates composed of loosely aggregating ultrasmall nanocrystal. • Active R–Si(OH) 3 species acting as a "bond blocker" inhibit the growth of microcrystals. • Increased C 3 = selectivity and catalytic life while suppressed HTI of C 3 and coke deposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The double-low rapeseed contains ≤2% erucic acid in its oil and ≤35μmol/g of dry meal. The oil of double-low rapeseed contains very low levels of saturated fatty acids (6%), high levels of oleic acid (≥60%), and intermediate levels of linoleic and linolenic acids (20 %and 10 %, respectively). Because of its higher oil content and numerous agricultural advantages, double-low rapeseed is getting worldwide attention. The rapeseed oil, which was extracted by a traditional process with pre-press and solvent extraction, is of bad quality. Commercial hexane, which has been used as a solvent for crude edible oil extraction, has toxicological and environmental safety issues. Carbon dioxide in its supercritical state has properties and extraction capacities very similar to liquids. Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction is a new technique for oil extraction and is similar to conventional solvent extraction in that the material to be extracted is withdrawn from the substrate by using a solvent. In its supercritical state, carbon dioxide is the most commonly used supercritical solvent due to its nontoxicity, non-flammability, low cost, availability in bulk quantities, ease of removal from the extracted materials, and low critical temperature and pressure (31.06 °C and 7.38 MPa, respectively). To improve the additional value of oils and meals obtained from the cold press cake of double-low dehulled rapeseed, supercritical CO2 is used to extract double-low rapeseed oil and then the quality of the oil and meal obtained is studied. The affection of factors, which includes extraction pressure, temperature, and time effecting on oil yield, is investigated by Box-Behnken's response surface methodology. The model equation for predicting the optimum response values is established by Design Expert software. The adequacy of the model equation for predicting the optimum response values was effectively verified by the validation. The experiment result indicates that affection of extraction pressure and time on oil yield are more significant than extraction temperature. The interaction between extraction pressure and time has a very significant affection on oil yield. The optimum operation parameters of supercritical CO2 extraction are: extraction temperature 40°C, pressure 28MPa, and time 120min.In this optimal condition, the oil yield is 95.08% and is similar to the 95.30% predicted as maximum oil yield by the mathematical model under the condition of temperature 39.66°C and pressure 27.50MPa with extraction time 120 min. The supercritical CO2 extraction of double-low rapeseed oil from dehulled cold press cake has a lighter color and better acid and peroxide value compared to n-hexane extraction. The phospholipid content of oil extracted with supercritical CO2 is 0.051mg/g, which is 1/32 of the n-hexane process, and the vitamin E and total phenolic content are 17.68ug/g and 5.17ug/mL respectively, which are both larger than the n-hexane extraction process. The meal of double-low rapeseed obtained from dehulled cold press cake with supercritical CO2 extraction, which has a superior quality compared to the meal obtained by n-hexane extraction, has lower glucosinolate content, high protein solubility, and better color. These study results can help utilize cold press cake of dehulled double-low rapeseed for high-value purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high hydrophobic surfaces (internal and external) resulted from reduced hydroxyl groups, elevated framework Si/Al ratio and constructed SiO 2 shell, acting as barriers for shielding water in wet VOCs, and the purified VOCs can be fully adsorbed by the de AlY zeolite core due to the weakened competitive adsorption of water vapor. [Display omitted] • Reformation of Y zeolite framework due to the deposition of Si-species is discovered. • Not only constructing the mesopore shell, Si-species also entering core zeolite framework. • Reduced hydroxyl, elevated Si/Al ratio and fabricated SiO 2 shell offer hydrophobic surfaces. • Hydrophobic external and internal surfaces act as barriers for shielding water in wet VOCs. • Mesoporous SiO 2 shell also builds an express way that contributes to mass transfer. Y zeolite has been regarded as an effective adsorbent in removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). However, the low Si/Al ratio causes Y zeolite to preferentially adsorb water when dealing with wet VOCs, which limits its practical application. In present work, Y zeolite was first dealuminated treated by steaming and acid etching, and then the obtained de AlY was used as cores to prepare de AlY@ n SiO 2 core–shell composites. The shell layer thickness in the as-prepared core–shell composites was adjusted by controlling the hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). The Si-species yielded from the hydrolysis of TEOS not only fabricated the mesopore shell directed by CTA+, but also entered the zeolite framework by polycondensation with the adjacent hydroxyl (silicon hydroxyl of (SiO) 3 Si(OH) species or aluminum hydroxyl of penta-coordinated aluminum caused by steaming and acid etching) in the defect sites of the core de AlY. During the adsorption of dry toluene, the as-synthesized composite displayed an adsorption capacity superior to mesopore SiO 2 while inferior to de AlY. When toluene and water molecules competed for the adsorption sites, the core–shell composite preferred to adsorb the former because of the greatly reduced sensitivity to the presence of water vapor. Under 55 % and 83 % relative humidity, the core–shell de AlY@ n SiO 2 (n < 1.5) respectively had 4.2 and 9.0 times higher toluene adsorption than the de AlY. The mesopores in the SiO 2 shell was conducive to a fast mass transfer, the high hydrophobic surfaces (internal and external) resulted from reduced hydroxyl content, elevated framework Si/Al ratio and constructed SiO 2 shell, contributed to shielding water, which promoted toluene in the wet VOCs to be adsorbed efficiently by the de AlY zeolite core. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the absolute stability problem is investigated for Lur'e systems with time-varying delay and sector-bounded nonlinearity. By employing the delay fractioning idea, the new augmented Lyapunov functional is first constructed. Then, by introducing some slack matrices and by reserving the useful term when estimating the upper bound of the derivative of Lyapunov functional, the new delay-dependent absolute stability criteria are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Several numerical examples are presented to show the effectiveness and the less conservativeness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A study on the influence of chemical dosing on biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal was carried out through batch experimental tests by lab-scale and a full-scale wastewater treatment plant (employing a typical anaerobic–anoxic–oxic treatment). Results indicated that the inhibition of aluminum salt on biological phosphorus release and uptake processes is significant, as well as the inhibition of aluminum salt on Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria (AOB) is dominantly observed in the nitrification process and is recoverability. The inhibition of iron salt in biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal is weak, and only the inhibition of iron salt on phosphorus release at anaerobic periods emerge under large dosing. Evidence shows persistent inhibition from the accumulation of chemical doses in sludge mass. Intermittent chemical dosing proves recommendable for simultaneous chemical phosphorus removal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This paper proposes an adaptive huberized support vector machine for simultaneous classification and gene selection. By introducing the data-driven weights, the proposed support vector machine can adaptively identify the important genes in groups, thus encouraging an adaptive grouping effect. Furthermore, the shrinkage biases for the coefficients of important genes are largely reduced. A reasonable correlation between the two regularization parameters is also given, based on which the solution paths are shown to be piecewise linear with respect to the single regularization parameter. Experiment results on leukaemia data set are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]