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The millipede subfamily Pericambalinae Silvestri, 1909 is poorly understood and the taxonomic status remains controversial. Pericambalinae was regarded as either a subfamily of Cambalopsidae or an independent family. To address this issue, we conducted a molecular phylogenetic analysis and a morphological revision, and the genera and species from China are also revised. The results support the recovery of the family status, Pericambalidae, stat. nov. The morphological differences between Bilingulus Zhang & Li, 1981 and Parabilingulus Zhang & Li, 1981 are shown to be caused by post-embryonic development (anamorphosis and non-systemic metamorphosis) and both of these should be junior synonyms of Pericambala Silvestri, 1909 (Pericambala = Bilingulus, syn. nov. = Parabilingulus, syn. nov.). Three new combinations are proposed: Pericambala simplicia (Mauriès & Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, 1997), comb. nov., Pericambala aramula (Zhang & Li, 1981), comb. nov. and Pericambala sinica (Zhang & Li, 1981), comb. nov. The mature specimens of Pericambala simplicia, comb. nov. and Pericambala aramula, comb. nov. were collected from the type localities and are described for the first time. A new species, Pericambala cordata, sp. nov. is described. After revision, Pericambalidae contains two genera and six species with one genus and four species recorded from China. Due to a deficiency in outgroup sampling, the phylogenetic status of Pericambalidae in the suborder Cambalidea remains uncertain. Variation of the gnathochilarium in Cambalidea is discussed and a key to the species of Pericambala in China is also provided. This research lays a foundation for further revision of Cambalidea in the future. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BDA46BCE-102B-45FE-A963-47F029A09E76.

Gastric cancer (GC), a multifactorial disease, is caused by pathogens, such asTo investigate microbiomes and host genome instability by cost-effective, low-coverage whole-genome sequencing, as biomarkers for GC subtyping.Samples from 40 GC patients were collected from Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang Province, affiliated with Wenzhou Medical University. DNA from the samples was subjected to low-coverage whole-genome sequencing with a median genome coverage of 1.86 × (range: 1.03 × to 3.17 ×) by Illumina × 10, followed by copy number analyses using a customized bioinformatics workflow ultrasensitive chromosomal aneuploidy detector.Of the 40 GC samples, 20 (50%) were found to be enriched with microbiomes. EBV DNA was detected in 5 GC patients (12.5%).Thus, using low-coverage whole-genome sequencing, GC can be classified into three categories based on disease etiology; this classification may prove useful for GC diagnosis and precision medicine.

With the increasing realization of the importance of gallbladder function, choledochoscopic gallbladder-preserving surgery has been advocated for benign gallbladder diseases. However, limited information is available regarding the use of endoscopic gallbladder-preserving surgery (EGPS) for patients with benign gallbladder diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of EGPS for benign gallbladder diseases.Between June 2020 and January 2021, 22 patients with gallbladder stones and/or gallbladder polyps were treated with EGPS. The main outcome measures included the rate of complications, residual gallbladder stones, and gallbladder stone recurrence.In this study, transgastric EGPS was successfully performed in 22 patients (13 female, 9 male) with benign gallbladder diseases, and included 8 cases of multiple gallstones, 4 cases of gallbladder polyps with gallstones, 6 cases of multiple gallbladder polyps, 2 cases of single gallstone, and 2 case of singe gallbladder polyp. The median time of transgastric EGPS was 118 min. During hospitalization, 4 patients suffered localized peritonitis (4/22, 18.2%), and these patients successfully recovered after conservative medical treatment. None of the patients experienced massive bleeding, delayed bleeding, diffuse peritonitis, or any other serious complications. During the median follow-up of 4 months, 1 patient suffered residual gallstone, while no gallstone recurrence or deaths related to transgastric EGPS occurred in any patients.Transgastric EGPS appears to be a feasible treatment method in selected patients with benign gallbladder diseases. However, as it is a new technique, further studies are needed to explore the long-term effectiveness of transgastric EGPS.

In the early December 2019, a novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was first reported in Wuhan, China, followed by an outbreak that spread around the world. Numerous studies have shown that liver injury is common in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and may aggravate the severity of the disease. However, the exact cause and specific mechanism of COVID-associated liver injury needs to be elucidated further. In this review, we present an analysis of the clinical features, potential mechanisms, and treatment strategies for liver injury associated with COVID-19. We hope that this review would benefit clinicians in devising better strategies for management of such patients.

Background: Although esophageal mucosal autograft prevents esophageal stricture after widespread endoscopic submucosal dissection and has been reported as a new technique, it is relatively unproven in clinical practice. This prospective study was conducted to evaluate our experience using esophageal mucosal autograft to prevent strictures after widespread endoscopic submucosal dissection in patients with widespread superficial esophageal lesions. Methods: Between October 2017 and June 2018, 15 patients with widespread superficial esophageal lesions were consecutively treated with widespread endoscopic submucosal dissection and then underwent esophageal mucosal autograft. The main outcomes measured included esophageal epithelialization and esophageal stricture. Results: The median longitudinal diameter of the widespread superficial esophageal lesions was 5.2 cm. All 15 patients were successfully treated with widespread endoscopic submucosal dissection and esophageal mucosal autograft, and the median procedural time was 182 minutes. During follow-up (median, 23 months), esophageal epithelialization was found in 13 patients (86.7%), and 7 patients experienced esophageal stricture (46.7%). In those 7 patients, the esophageal strictures were successfully relieved after endoscopic balloon dilation or endoscopic radial incision. No complications related to endoscopic balloon dilation/endoscopic radial incision occurred. Additionally, local recurrence was found in 1 patient with poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, and further surgical resection was performed. Conclusions: Esophageal mucosal autograft appears to be an efficient approach to reconstructing local esophageal epithelium and might have a potential role in preventing esophageal stricture after widespread endoscopic submucosal dissection. However, as a new technique, it needs more improvement to enhance its role in preventing esophageal stricture after widespread endoscopic submucosal dissection.

The surface structures, CO adsorption, and oxidation-reaction properties of CeO2/Co3O4(110) have been investigated by using density functional theory including on-site Coulomb corrections (DFT+U) and in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (in situ DRIFTS). Results indicate that CO can be chemisorbed on the Co sites of the terrace and interface of CeO2/Co3O4(110). At the interface, adsorbed and gas-phase CO reacting with lattice oxygen are investigated, respectively. It has been found that the lattice oxygen at the interface is more likely to be attacked by gas-phase CO directly to form adsorbed CO2. For desorption of the CO2, very high energy barriers are required. Furthermore, the infrared spectra reveal that the intermediate species at interface still exist even at 300 °C.

Although endoscopic resection (ER) is already established as a minimally invasive technique for small (

Currently, published data of endoscopic resection (ER) for giant (≥ 6 cm) gastric subepithelial tumors originating from the muscularis propria layer (MP-SETs) are extremely rare and limited to only case reports. The aim of this study was thus to assess the feasibility of using ER for giant (≥ 6 cm) gastric MP-SETs in a case series.Between July 2013 and December 2020, a total of 23 patients with giant (≥ 6 cm) gastric MP-SETs were treated with ER in the endoscopic center of Taizhou hospital. The study assessed outcomes of en bloc resection, complete resection, total complications, and local residual/recurrence of tumors.The mean procedure time was 112.2 min. En bloc resection was achieved in 22 tumors (95.7%). En bloc removal from the stomach and complete resection were achieved in 6 patients (26.1%). The rate of complete resection differed significantly depending on the minimum tumor diameter (P 0.001). During hospitalization, 4 patients had complications, including localized peritonitis (3/23, 13.0%) and pulmonary infection (1/23, 4.3%). These 4 patients recovered successfully after conservative medical treatment. Histopathological examination revealed that 18 tumors were gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), and 5 tumors were leiomyoma. No patients were observed to have residual or recurrent tumors during the follow-up.Although ER for giant (≥ 6 cm) gastric MP-SETs was associated with several technical challenges and a relatively low complete resection rate, this technique was found to be a feasible therapeutic method for selected patients with a giant (≥ 6 cm) gastric MP-SETs when performed by an experienced endoscopic team.

Liver disease is a severe health problem that endangers human health worldwide. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is a novel treatment for patients with different liver diseases due to its vast expansion potential and distinctive immunomodulatory properties. Despite several preclinical trials having confirmed the considerable efficacy of MSC therapy in liver diseases, the questionable safety and efficacy still limit its application. As a precursor cell, MSCs can adjust their characteristics in response to the surrounding microenvironment. The microenvironment provides physical and chemical factors essential for stem cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. However, the mechanisms are still not completely understood. We, therefore, summarized the mechanisms underlying the MSC immune response, especially the interaction between MSCs and the liver microenvironment, discussing how to achieve better therapeutic effects.

Backgroud and study aims Esophageal stricture is a serious adverse event occurring after circular endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) involving the whole esophagus. However, there is still a lack of effectively preventive methods. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of application of acellularized dermis matrix (ADM) for the prevention of post-ESD esophageal stricture. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the use of decellularized dermal matrix (ADM) in the prevention of post-esophageal ESD strictures. Patients and methods A pilot, single-center, prospective study was conducted. The study enrolled seven patients who had high-risks with extended resection of developing post-ESD esophageal stricture. After undergoing ESD, we attached different size of ADM patches to the mucosal defects using titanium clips then fixed with a metal mesh stent. The stent covered with metal mesh was removed at the median time of 27 days after the endoscopic procedure. Follow-up and repeated outpatient endoscopic screening were performed at appropriate scheduled times. Results The average longitudinal diameter of the resected specimens was 58.3 mm (range 38-90 mm). There were three patients developing strictures postoperatively at a mean time of 87 days (range 42-140). The median number of postoperative endoscopic balloon dilatation (EBD) in patients with stenosis was 2 (range 2-9). There were no deaths during a median follow-up period of 6 moths (range 1-12). Conclusions This study was performed to assess the efficacy and safe method of relieving the severity of esophageal stricture after ESD through transplantation of ADM.

Background Endoscopic resection of duodenal subepithelial lesions (SELs) is a difficult procedure with a high risk of perforation. At present, dealing with perforation after endoscopic resection of duodenal SELs is still considered a great challenge. Aim To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of an over-the-scope clip (OTSC) in the treatment of perforation post-endoscopic resection of duodenal SELs. Methods From May 2015 to November 2019, 18 patients with perforation following endoscopic resection of duodenal SELs were treated with OTSCs. Data comprising the rate of complete resection, closure of intraprocedural perforation, delayed bleeding, delayed perforation, and postoperative infection were extracted. Results The rate of complete removal of duodenal SELs and successful closure of the perforation was 100%. The median perforation size was 1 cm in diameter. Seventeen patients had minor intraoperative bleeding, while the remaining 1 patient had considerable amount of bleeding during the procedure. Seven patients had postoperative abdominal infections, of which 1 patient developed an abscess in the right iliac fossa and another patient developed septic shock. All 18 patients recovered and were discharged. No delayed bleeding or perforation was reported. The mean time taken to resume normal diet after the procedure was 6.5 d. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 9.5 d. No residual or recurrent lesions were detected during the follow-up period (15-66 mo). Conclusion Closing a perforation after endoscopic resection of duodenal SELs with OTSCs seems to be an effective and reasonably safe therapeutic method.

Objective: To investigate the effect of prednisone and cyclophosphamide combine with ligustrazine injection on immunologic function and other related factors in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods: The subjects selected 70 patients with SLE who diagnosed and treated in our hospital from March 2014 to May 2018, divided into control group and observation group randomly, 35 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with prednisone combined with cyclophosphamide, and the patients in the observation group was given intravenous drip of ligustrazine injection on the basis of the control group. Before and after treatment, detected and compared the immunologic indexes (IgG, C3, ANA), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-3, MMP-9, TIMP1), chemotactic factor (CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11) and serum levels of IL-10, PRL, S100 protein and EET between the two groups. Results: Before treatments, the immunologic indexes(IgG, C3, ANA), matrix metalloproteinases(MMP-3, MMP-9, TIMP1),chemotactic factor(CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11) and serum levels of IL-10, PRL, S100 protein and EET between the two groups had no statistical significance(P>0.05); After treatments, the immunologic indexes (IgG, C3, ANA), matrix metalloproteinases(MMP-3, MMP-9), chemotactic factor (CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11) and serum levels of IL-10, PRL, S100 protein and EET between the two groups had statistical significances (P

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) could progress to hepatic fibrosis in the absence of effective control. The purpose of our experiment was to investigate the protective effect of drinking water with a high concentration of hydrogen, namely, hydrogen-rich water (HRW), on mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease to elucidate the mechanism underlying the therapeutic action of molecular hydrogen. The choline-supplemented, l-amino acid-defined (CSAA) or the choline-deficient, l-amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet for 20 wk was used to induce NASH and fibrosis in the mice model and simultaneously treated with the high-concentration 7-ppm HRW for different periods (4 wk, 8 wk, and 20 wk). Primary hepatocytes were stimulated by palmitate to mimic liver lipid metabolism during fatty liver formation. Primary hepatocytes were cultured in a closed vessel filled with 21% O

Although liver transplantation is considered to be the best choice for patients with end-stage liver diseases, postoperative immune rejection still cannot be overlooked. Patients with liver transplantation have to take immunosuppressive drugs for a long time or even their entire lives, in which heavy economic burden and side effects caused by the drugs have become the major impediment for liver transplantation. There is a growing body of evidences indicating that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation, a promising tool in regenerative medicine, can be used as an effective way to induce immune tolerance after liver transplantation based on their huge expansion potential and unique immunomodulatory properties. MSCs have been reported to inhibit innate immunity and adaptive immunity to induce a tolerogenic microenvironment. In in vitro studies, transplanted MSCs show plasticity in immune regulation by altering their viability, migration, differentiation, and secretion in the interactions with the surrounding host microenvironment. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the current understanding of immunomodulatory properties of MSCs in liver transplantation, to elucidate the potential mechanisms behind MSCs regulating immune response, especially in vivo and the influence of the microenvironment, and ultimately to discuss the feasible strategies to improve the clinical prognosis of liver transplantation. Only after exhaustive understanding of potential mechanisms of the MSC immunomodulation can we improve the safety and effectiveness of MSC treatment and achieve better therapeutic effects.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been widely accepted as an effective treatment for early esophageal cancer. However, post-ESD esophageal stricture remains a thorny issue. We herein review many strategies for preventing post-ESD esophageal stricture, as well as discuss their strengths and weaknesses. These strategies include pharmacological prophylaxis, esophageal stent and tissue engineering and regenerative medicine treatment. In this review, we summarize these studies and discuss the underlying progress and future directions of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine treatment.

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are the primary genera of the intestinal flora and have many probiotic functions. In the present study, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) ATCC 53103 was used to treat BALB/c mice. After LGG intervention, both low and high LGG doses were shown to improve the observed OTU, Chao1, ACE, and Shannon indices, while the Simpson index decreased, demonstrating that LGG can promote intestinal microbiota abundance and diversity. Furthermore, LGG treatment increased the abundances of intestinal Firmicutes, Bacteroides and Actinomycetes while reducing that of Proteobacteria. In addition to its effect on gut the microbiota, LGG could also regulate the host immune system. In the present study, we showed that LGG could affect the percentage of CD3+ T lymphocytes in the spleens (SPLs), mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), Peyer’s patches (PPs) and lamina propria lymphocytes (LPLs) of mice, including total CD3+ T, CD3+CD4+ T, and CD3+CD8+ T lymphocytes. Furthermore, LGG could effectively increase the expression of Th1-type cytokines (IFN-γ) and Th2 cytokines (IL-4) in CD4+ T cells, indicating that the proportion of Th1 and Th2 cells in mice with LGG treatment was in a high equilibrium state compared to the control group. In addition, the IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio was greater than 1 in mice with LGG intervention, suggesting that LGG tends to mediate the Th1 immune response. The results of the present study also showed that LGG upregulated the expression of IL-17 in CD4+ T cells and regulated the percentage of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells in various secondary immunological organs, indicating that LGG may promote the balance of Th-17 and Treg cells.

Cholelithiasis refers to the gallstone that occurs in the gallbladder. The main component is cholesterol...

The regimens containing levofloxacin (LVX) have been recommended as an alternate to standard triple therapy to treat Helicobacter pylori infections and H pylori mixed infection always lead to H pylori chronic infection. Although the molecular mechanism of LVX resistance with gyrA gene mutation has been clearly understood in H pylori, other genes involved in antibiotic resistance remain unclear. Efflux pump plays an important role in clinically relevant multidrug resistance. Furthermore, the relationship between the strains with different LVX level-resistances from individuals is also unknown. Helicobacter pylori monoclonal strains were isolated from patients with eradication failure. E test was used to detect the minimal inhibitory concentration of LVX. One lower-level LVX-resistant clone and 2 higher-level LVX-resistant clones from the same patient were selected to sequence the complete genomes. Single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and mutations were extracted and analyzed from gryA and resistance-nodulation-division family efflux genes. Two clones with higher-level resistance had the mutation pattern of Asn87Lys and one lower-level LVX-resistant clone had an Asp91Asn mutation. Compared to clones with higher-level resistance, the higher genetic variations were found in genes belonging to the resistance-nodulation-division family in H pylori strains with lower-level resistance to LVX. There were significantly more SNVs of Hp0970 (hefE) and Hp1329 (hefI) in the lower-level LVX-resistant clone than those in the higher-level LVX-resistant clones (P = .044). The mutation pattern of the Asn87Lys of the gyrA gene confers a higher resistance to LVX than that of the Asp91Asn in H pylori. Increase in the number of SNVs of the Hp0970 (hefE) and Hp1329 (hefI) genes change the resistance to LVX. Twelve mutations verified by Sanger sequencing in Hp0970 (hefE) and Hp1329 (hefI) may decrease resistant levels to LVX.

Isoliquiritigenin (ILQ) is a natural product isolated from licorice root which has served as traditional Chinese medicine for a long time. Recently, the antitumor effects of ILQ have been widely studied in various cancers, but the role and related mechanisms of ILQ in esophageal squamous carcinoma cells (ESCC) are still poorly understood. In our studies, ILQ showed profound antitumor activities in ESCC cells. In vitro, ILQ substantially inhibited cell proliferation and anchorage-independent growth in a panel of human ESCC cells. Mechanism studies showed that EGFR signaling pathway played an important role for ILQ to exert its antitumor activity in ESCC. Exposure to isoliquiritigenin substantially decreased EGF-induced EGFR activation and its downstream Akt and ERK1/2 signaling pathway. EGFR knockdown with shRNA in ESCC cell significantly reduced the sensitivity of cancer cells to ILQ. Moreover, it was found that ILQ had a significantly inhibitory effect on AP-1 family, the protein of Jun and Fos subfamilies was substantially downregulated, and the transcriptional activity of AP-1 family was dramatically suppressed by ILQ. By reducing the expression of cyclin D1, ESCC cells were induced G0/G1 arrest, and cell division was substantially blocked. Finally, the antitumor potency of ILQ was validated in xenograft models and the tumor growth was prominently restrained by ILQ. Briefly, our study showed that ILQ, or its analogue, appeared to be a promising new therapeutic agent for ESCC management.

There has been an increasing number of studies about microRNAs as key regulators in the development of hepatic fibrosis. Here, we demonstrate that miR-542-3p can promote hepatic fibrosis by downregulating the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7), which is known to antagonize transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1)-mediated fibrogenesis effect. The expression of miR-542-3p is increased in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Downregulation of MiR-542-3p by antisense inhibitors can inhibit HSCs activation markers, including α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen as well as TGFβ signaling pathways. MiR-542-3p was significantly upregulated in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 )-induced hepatic fibrosis in mice, and downregulation of miR-542-3p by lentivirus could prevent the development of hepatic fibrosis. In addition, miR-542-3p can directly bind to the 3'-untranslated region of BMP-7 mRNA, indicating that its profibrotic effect appears to be caused by its inhibition of BMP-7. Our results suggest that downregulation of miR-542-3p prevents liver fibrosis both in vitro and in vivo, highlighting its potential as a novel biomarker or therapeutic target for hepatic fibrosis.

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy (ERAT) in treating patients with acute appendicitis.Between January 2014 and December 2014, 22 patients with acute appendicitis underwent ERAT. Patient demographics, colonoscopy findings, endoscopic retrograde appendiceal radiography (ERAR) findings, and treatment outcomes of the ERAT and adverse events associated with ERAT were analyzed.In this study, 22 patients with acute appendicitis underwent ERAT. The median age of the patients was 39.5 years. Colonoscopy findings included mucosal hyperemia and swelling of the appendiceal orifice and/or its surrounding mucosa (86.4 %, 19/22) and pus at the appendiceal orifice (40.9 %, 9/22). ERAR findings included irregular contour (76.2 %, 16/21), appendiceal lumen dilation (28.6 %, 6/21), appendiceal lumen stenosis (42.9 %, 9/21), and filling defect of the appendiceal lumen (23.8 %, 5/21). Deep intubation was successfully performed in 21 of the 22 patients (95.5 %). Sixteen patients underwent endoscopic appendiceal stent placement after endoscopic appendiceal irrigation (EAI) due to lumen stenosis of the appendiceal, excessive pus, or appendiceal fecalith, and the remaining 6 patients only underwent EAI. Among the 22 patients who underwent ERAT, their abdominal pain was noticeably relieved following the procedure. The main adverse events associated with ERAT were spontaneous discharge of the stent, recurrent abdominal pain, and recurrent appendicitis. During the follow-up (median 33 months), 2 patients underwent laparoscopic appendectomy.ERAT provide a new alternative therapeutic method for patients with acute appendicitis, particularly for certain patients who are unwilling to undergo an appendectomy.ZIEL: Nachweis, dass endoskopische retrograde Appendizitistechniken (ERATs) zur Behandlung von Patienten mit akuter Appendizitis geeignet sind.Zwischen Januar 2014 und Dezember 2014 wurden 22 Patienten mit akuter Appendizitis mittels ERAT untersucht und behandelt. Die demografischen Daten der Patienten, Ergebnisse der Koloskopie, der endoskopisch retrograden Appendikografie (ERAR) und Behandlungsergebnisse der ERAT sowie unerwünschte Ereignisse im Zusammenhang mit ERAT wurden analysiert.In dieser Studie wurden 22 Patienten mit akuter Appendizitis mittels ERAT untersucht und behandelt. Das Durchschnittsalter der Patienten betrug 39,5 Jahre. Ergebnisse der Koloskopie waren muköse Hyperämie und Schwellung des Appendixostiums und/oder des umgebenden Gewebes (86,4 %; 19/22), sowie Eiter am Appendixostium (40,9 %; 9/22). Die endoskopische retrograde Appendikografie zeigte unregelmäßige Konturen (76,2 %; 16/21), Dilatation des Appendixlumens (28,6 %; 6/21), Stenose des Appendixlumens (42,9 %; 9/21), sowie Kontrastmittelaussparung des Appendixlumens (23,8 %; 5/21). Bei 21 von 22 Patienten wurde erfolgreich eine Intubationsnarkose durchgeführt (95,5 %). Bei 16 Patienten wurde aufgrund einer Stenose des Appendixlumens, exzessivem Eiter oder Kotstein nach endoskopischer Appendixspülung (EAI) endoskopisch ein Appendixstent eingesetzt (ERSP); die verbleibenden sechs Patienten erhielten lediglich EAI. Bei den 22 Patienten, die mittels ERAT behandelt wurden, waren die Unterbauchschmerzen nach dem Verfahren deutlich gelindert. Die wichtigsten unerwünschten Ereignisse durch ERAT waren spontaner Ausfluss aus dem Stent, wiederkehrende Bauchschmerzen und rezidivierende Appendizitis. Während des Follow-ups (durchschnittlich 33 Monate), wurde bei zwei Patienten eine laparoskopische Appendektomie durchgeführt.ERATs bieten neue alternative Therapiemethoden für Patienten mit akuter Appendizitis, insbesondere für Patienten, die eine Appendektomie ablehnen.

AIM To evaluate the long-term efficacy of endoscopic resection (ER) for small (≤ 4.0 cm) gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) originating from the muscularis propria layer. METHODS Between June 2005 and February 2015, we retrospectively analyzed 229 consecutive patients with gastric MP-GISTs who underwent ER with a follow-up at least 36 mo. The main outcome measurements included complete resection rate, complications, and long-term follow-up outcomes. RESULTS ER included endoscopic muscularis excavation in 179 cases, endoscopic full-thickness resection in 32 cases, and submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection in 18 cases. The median size of GISTs was 1.90 cm. Of the 229 GISTs, 147 were very low risk, 72 were low risk, 8 were intermediate risk, and 2 were high risk. Short-term outcomes showed the complete resection rate was 96.5%, and 8 patients (3.5%) had complications. Of the 8 patients with complications, only one patient required surgical intervention. Long-term outcomes showed 225 patients were actively followed-up until composition of this manuscript. The remaining 4 patients were lost because of unrelated death. During the follow-up period (median, 57 mo), no residual, recurrent lesions, or distant metastasis were detected in any patients. Binary logistic regression analysis showed tumor size was a risk factor associated with a high mitotic index (≥ 5/50 HPF) of GISTs (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION ER seems to be an effective and safe method for gastric MP-GISTs ≤ 4.0 cm, and, for some intermediate or high risk GISTs, adjuvant therapy and/or additional surgery might be required to reduce the risk of recurrence or metastasis.

To explore brain activations associated with electroacupuncture simulation at Tongli (HT 5) and its comparison with brain activations during picture-naming task. Twenty healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Half of them received electroacupuncture stimulation at HT 5 (ACUP group) and the other half of them received stimulation at a nonmeridian sham acupoint (SHAM group). All subjects performed picture-naming task. Each subject finished two runs of functional magnetic resonance imaging examinations in one session and picture-naming task was performed before electroacupuncture stimulation. Subjective brain activations were obtained using generalized linear model and inter-group analyses were performed after that. The electroacupuncture stimulation at HT 5 induced significant brain activations in both the anterior and posterior language regions, including the left inferior frontal gyrus, which was in consistent with activations induced during picture-naming task. Group analysis showed a tendency of increased activation of ACUP group in left inferior frontal gyrus compared with SHAM group (P

The issue as to whether hospital ownership has an impact on the quality of care has long been a serious concern. Hand hygiene (HH) compliance is regarded as an important indicator of the quality of care in the control of hospital-acquired infections. However, little information is available on whether hospital ownership influences HH compliance. In this study, of 229 hospitals selected from Hubei province in China, 152 were public and 77 were private hospitals. A total of 23 652 healthcare workers (HCWs) were surveyed, using a convenience sampling. HH compliance, the WHO’s “My Five Moments for hand hygiene” (5MHH), among HCWs, together with the factors of hospital ownership, training frequency, bed occupancy rates, etc. were collected. Univariate analysis and ordinal logistic regression analysis were used to analyze factors affecting HH compliance. Overall, HH compliance rates were 67% and 79% for public and private hospitals, respectively. The HH compliance rates of HCWs and 5MHH were between 55% and 95%, and influenced by hospital ownership (P

The reaction of CuCl with tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) affords a copper(II) complex, [(DCAE)2Cu(H2O)2] 1 (DCAE: dicyano-acetic acid methyl ester, derived from TCNE). Its structure has been characterized by physics-chemical and spectroscopic methods. Magnetic studies exhibit that no magnetic coupling between two Cu2+ via DCAE− unit in the temperature range 300–9 K. Electrochemical studies show that this copper complex can act as an electrocatalyst for hydrogen generation both from acetic acid, with a turnover frequency (TOF) of 74 mol of H2 per mole of catalyst per hour an potential (OP) of 941.6 (in CH3CN), and from aqueous buffer (pH 7.0) with a TOF of 285 mol of H2 per mole of catalyst per hour at an OP of 787.6 mV.

Cervical carcinoma high-expressed long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) 1 (lncRNA-CCHE1) serves an oncogenic role in cervical and liver cancer. The present study aimed to explore the role of CCHE1 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. CCHE1 expression was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) levels were detected using an ELISA assay. Diagnostic analysis was performed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The effects of CCHE1 on ROCK1 were analyzed by western blotting. Cell migration and invasion were analyzed by Transwell migration and invasion assays. The results of the present study demonstrated that, compared with healthy controls, CCHE1 and ROCK1 were upregulated in the serum of patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. CCHE1 overexpression distinguished patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma from patients with non-metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma and healthy controls. A significant positive correlation between serum levels of CCHE1 and ROCK1 was identified in patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, CCHE1 overexpression led to upregulated ROCK1 in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines, whereas no significant effects of ROCK1 overexpression upon CCHE1 expression were identified. CCHE1 overexpression promoted the migration and invasion of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines, but no significant effects on cell proliferation were identified. ROCK1 small interfering RNA-induced silencing partially reversed the enhancing effects of CCHE1 overexpression on cancer cell migration and invasion. Therefore, lncRNA-CCHE1 may be involved in migration and invasion but not in proliferation of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells, possibly by interacting with ROCK1.