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Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in immune regulation in humans and animals. The lnc-34015 was discovered to be critical for the development of muscles, based on the muscle transcriptome of pigs; however, the underlying molecular mechanism requires better understanding. Here, the sequence characteristics of lnc-34015 were analyzed and a competitive endogenous RNA regulatory network of lncRNA was predicted. The developmental expression trend and tissue expression profiles of lnc-34015 were investigated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The lnc-34015 sequence is overlapped with introns 11 and 12 of CWF19L1, while CWF19L1, PKD2L1, and CHUK were identified as cis-regulatory genes of lnc-34015. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that lnc-34015 binds to 15 microRNAs (miRNAs), including miR-3646, miR-377-3p, and miR-190b-3p, to regulate downstream gene expression. GO and KEGG enrichment results show that lnc-34015 was mainly involved in cell proliferation, stress response, transcriptional regulation, and alternative splicing. The expression trend of lnc-34015 in muscle was similar to that of target genes and opposite to that of miRNAs. The expression of lnc-34015 was significantly higher in the porcine small intestine and IPEC-J2 cells. Our findings suggest that lnc-34015 regulates CHUK, ZBTB20, and XIAP gene expression by competing with endogenous RNAs to regulate porcine inflammatory responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mean wind velocity profiles enable researchers to conduct efficient and accurate analyses of a wide variety of urban microclimatic problems, such as pollution dispersion, heat island effect and pedestrian wind comfort. However, due to the heterogeneity in the complex urban context, the wind profile at near-ground level within the real urban context remains insufficiently investigated. The present study aims to measure the near-ground level mean wind profiles in an industrial park. To this practical end, a sonic anemometer was equipped to a height adjustable bar on a mobile measurement platform. Through adjusting the sonic anemometer’s height, the mean wind velocities at different heights of the near-ground level were measured. Results indicate that the mean wind velocities’ variation along the near-ground heights measured at the site exposed to open and flat upwind areas can be reasonably captured by the power-law profile, while the other two conventional profiles, i.e. the log-law and the exponential profiles, show different levels of inaccuracy.

The possible hydrolysis mechanisms of dinotefuran with OH, HO, and HO in the gas phase were systematically simulated by applying the M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p) and MP2/6-311+G(d,p) methods. With regard to the hydrolysis with OH, path A which implies the proton transfer to the N2 atom of C1=N2 double bond is obviously preferable to other mechanisms. Our calculation clearly revealed that the hydrolysis with HO proceeds through path A with significantly lower energy than other channels. Due to its remarkable low energy barrier, path C, the protonation of the N2 atom, may be more prone to take place than other pathways for the hydrolysis in acidic media. It is shown that the most preferred pathway is the hydrolysis with OH which has obviously lower energy than other channels. In addition, the hydrolysis in solution is more favorable than that in the gas phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: An organically templated vanadium phosphite, (C6H16N2)[VIII(OH)2(VIVO)2(HPO3)4]·H3O (1) was hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. It possesses a layered architecture and organic template molecules are located between the inorganic layers forming hydrogen bonding. The inorganic layers, which consist of 4- and 8-membered rings, are constructed of alternate V(III)O6 octahedra, V(IV)O5 square pyramids and pseudo pyramids by sharing vertices. The compound was characterized by XRD, IR spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma and magnetic susceptibilities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

To explore the nature of electron attachment to guanine-centered DNA single strands in the presence of a polarizable medium, a theoretical investigation of the DNA oligomer dinucleoside phosphate deoxyguanylyl-3',5'-deoxyguanosine (dGpdG) was performed by using density functional theory. Four different electron-distribution patterns for the radical anions of dGpdG in aqueous solution have been located as local minima on the potential energy surface. The excess electron is found to reside on the proton of the phosphate group (dGp(H-)dG), or on the phosphate group (dGp(.-)dG), or on the nucleobase at the 5' position (dG(.-)pdG), or on the nucleobase at the 3' position (dGpdG(.-)), respectively. These four radical anions are all expected to be electronically viable species under the influence of the polarizable medium. The predicted energetics of the radical anions follows the order dGp(.-)dG>dG(.-)pdG>dGpdG(.-)>dGp(H-)dG. The base-base stacking pattern in DNA single strands seems unaffected by electron attachment. On the contrary, intrastrand H-bonding is greatly influenced by electron attachment, especially in the formation of base-centered radical anions. The intrastrand H-bonding patterns revealed in this study also suggest that intrastrand proton transfer might be possible between successive guanines due to electron attachment to DNA single strands., (Copyright © 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)