Search

Coordination of Na2SnO3 with trace carboxymethyl chitosan contributes to standby protection and high utilization efficiency of the AZ61 anode.

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death, with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) representing the most common subtype. Recently, exosome-based biomarkers have provided new diagnostic approaches for malignancies.The differential expression profile of plasma exosomal mRNA was established by high-throughput sequencing, and the expression and diagnostic value of plasma exosomal CXCL7 mRNA and protein in LUAD were studied to evaluate their diagnostic value as tumor biomarkers.The expression of plasma exosomal CXCL7 mRNA in patients with LUAD was significantly increased (p0.01), which had no significant correlation with age, gender, and stage. ROC was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of plasma exosomal CXCL7 mRNA in LUAD patients with AUC = 0.7171. Further analysis signified that the CXCL7 protein of plasma exosomes in LUAD patients was overexpressed, and it was positively correlated with TNM stage and age. The diagnostic value of plasma exosomal CXCL7 in LUAD is better than serum CEA, with an AUC of 0.785, which has higher sensitivity and specificity.This research suggests that plasma exosomal CXCL7 may become an effective biomarker for early diagnosis of LUAD.

DARS2 was overexpressed in multiple tumor types, but the biological role of DARS2 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have not been elucidated.Firstly, the DARS2 expression in LUAD was explored using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Then, qRT-PCR and Western blot were performed to confirm DARS2 expression in LUAD. Next, Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier methods were utilized to evaluate whether DARS2 expression can affect the overall survival. The relationships between DARS2 expression and clinicopathological characteristics were investigated by TCGA database. Moreover, we utilized Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to detect DARS2-related signaling pathways in LUAD. Finally, the special function of DARS2 in cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis was assessed in vitro.The higher expression of DARS2 was found in LUAD compared to para-carcinoma tissues and significantly related to tumor stage, T stage, and M stage. The survival analysis indicated that DARS2 overexpression was related to poor prognosis in LUAD. Multivariate analysis suggested that DARS2 expression was a prognostic indicator. GSEA revealed that DARS2 was primarily involved in cell cycle-related pathways. In addition, upregulation of DARS2 facilitated LUAD cell proliferation, migration, invasion and inhabited apoptosis, DARS2 knockdown showed an opposite result.DARS2 modulates the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of LUAD cells, and sever as a promising therapeutic target for LUAD.

Circular RNAs (circ RNAs) have been found to play an important role in cancer development. However, the role of circRAB3IP in osteosarcoma (OS) is unclear. In the present study, We found that circRAB3IP was highly expressed in OS tissues and OS cells. High levels of circRAB3IP was correlated with advanced TNM stage, distant metastasis. CircRAB3IP knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Moreover, circRAB3IP directly binds to miR-580-3p. TWIST1 is directly targeted by miR-580-3p. We also demonstrated that circRAB3IP act as the sponge of miR-580-3p to promote TWIST1 expression. CircRAB3IP promotes OS cells proliferation, migration, and invasion through modulating miR-580-3p/TWIST1 axis. Moreover, circRAB3IP facilitated tumor formation in vivo. Our findings suggested that circRAB3IP acts as an oncogene in OS by regulating miR-580-3p/TWIST1 axis., Graphical abstract

The evaluation of transformer overload risk and operational safety is a systematic process. Selecting an appropriate method to accurately assess its overload operation risk is an urgent need for flexible control and safe and reliable operation of power systems. According to the thermal characteristics and state of the transformer, a method for evaluating the overload risk of transformers with improved accuracy based on temperature rise simulation calculation combined with the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) is proposed. The weights are calculated by fuzzy set theory and FAHP, and the overload risk of the transformer is finally determined. The method comprehensively considers the possible information conflict between the working condition data and the thermal characteristics of the structure itself, and the calculation results are accurate and the process is clear. The calculation results after substituting the actual data show that the method can accurately evaluate the overload risk and operational risk of the transformer. This method is beneficial to identify the relative importance of transformer overload risk factors, calculate transformer overload risk coefficients, and formulate transformer risk control methods.

Sideroflexin 1 (SFXN1) functions as a mitochondrial serine transporter in one-carbon metabolism. The association between SFXN1 and tumorigenesis remains to be elucidated. This study illustrated the functional role of SFXN1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). SFXN1 expression in LUAD specimens was examined using western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and the prognostic value between SFXN1 and clinicopathological parameters was investigated. Subsequently, the effects of SFXN1 on cellular proliferation, migration, and apoptosis were assessed by using Transwell assays and flow cytometry in A549 and H1299 cell lines. Western blotting was also employed to explore the mechanism of tumor progression. SFXN1 was significantly elevated in the LUAD samples compared with the para-carcinoma tissues. Furthermore, SFXN1 expression was an independent prognostic predictor for patients with LUAD. The expression of SFXN1 was altered in A549 and H1299 cell lines and this showed that SFXN1 promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and inhibited apoptosis. SFXN1, at least partially, influenced LUAD progression via the mTOR signaling pathway. Collectively, the findings from this study demonstrated that SFXN1 promotes LUAD progression via the mTOR pathway and that SFXN1 expression is associated with clinicopathological features of LUAD. SFXN1 significantly contributes to the development of LUAD and might have potential, not only as an independent prognostic marker of LAUD but also as a promising target for LUAD therapy.

Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have great potentials as a novel biomarker to predict lung cancer. We applied a miRNA microarray to identify aberrantly expressed serum exosomal miRNAs as candidate biomarkers for patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Compared with the normal control, 31 exosomal miRNAs were found to be upregulated and 29 exosomal miRNAs were downregulated in the serum of LUAD respectively. Then, 10 dysregulated exosomal miRNAs expression levels in serum were further validated via qRT-polymerase chain reaction. Notably, exosomal miR-7977 was highest expressed and miR-98-3p was lowest expressed in the patients with LUAD, and exosomal miR-7977 showed significant correlation with the N stage and TNM stage with patients with LUAD (P < .05). Receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the abundant level of exosomal miR-7977 may predict LUAD with an area of under the curve (AUC) of 0.787. In comparison with exosomal miR-7977, exosomal miR-98-3p had a smaller area (0.719). The combination of exosomal miR-7977 and miR-98-3p improved the AUC to 0.816. Furthermore, in vitro experiments revealed that inhibition of miR-7977 enhanced the proliferation, invasion, and inhibited apoptosis in A549 cells, the opposite results were performed by miR-7977 mimics. In conclusion, exosomal miR-7977 was identified as a novel biomarker for patients with LUAD and may play as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer.

In this study, a valid and comprehensive evaluation method for assessing the quality of Desmodium styracifolium (Osb.) Merr has been established, based on analysis of high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprint combined with the similarity analysis (SA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant analysis (DA) and the quantitative analysis multi-components by single marker (QAMS) method. Eleven peaks of the common model were obtained and analyzed using SA, HCA, PCA and DA analysis. These methods indicated a similar conclusion that 31 batches of D. styracifolium samples were categorized into two clusters basically coincident with their geographical regions of origin. Four peaks were identified as schaftoside, isoorientin, isoschaftoside and isovitexin. Schaftoside was selected as the internal standard, and the relative correction factors between schaftoside and the other three flavonoids were calculated using the QAMS method. The accuracy of the QAMS method was verified by comparing with the results calculated by the external standard method. No significant difference between the two methods was found. In conclusion, the established methods were scientifically applied in the quality evaluation of D. styracifolium.

This study aimed to identify differential circular RNA (circRNA) in the plasma exosomes of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) using high-throughput sequencing. First, exosomes were isolated using an exosome isolation kit and confirmed by Western blotting, transmission electron microscopy, and NanoSight Assay. Subsequently, plasma circRNA expression profiles were screened by high-throughput sequencing and confirmed by fluorescence quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Sanger sequencing. Finally, the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was performed to forecast the potential function of circRNAs. The result of high-throughput sequencing data documented that 182 differentially expressed exosomal circRNAs in all were screened, which included 105 that were upregulated and 78 that were downregulated in LUAD patients plasma compared with controls. The four upregulated circRNAs including circ_0001492, circ_0001346, circ_0000690, and circ_0001439 were identical to the sequencing data by qRT-PCR, and their latent circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interactions were exhibited. Taken together, our study firstly revealed the altered exosomal circRNA expression from plasma samples in patients with LUAD and supports the need for exploring their potential as biomarkers and the pathological effects of lung cancer.

Recently a novel surface pair-density-wave (PDW) superconducting state has been discovered in Refs. [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{122}, 165302 (2019)] and Phys. Rev. B \textbf{101}, 054506 (2020)], which may go through a distinct multiple phase transition (MPT) when the superconductivity fades away from bulk to the boundary (e.g. edges and corners). Based on the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations for the attractive tight-binding Hubbard modal in a one-dimensional chain, we demonstrate that the surface PDW state has a non-gapless quasiparticle spectrum, which is contrary to the conventional surface superconducting state. Moreover, we find that the MPT is associated with a zero-bias fast oscillating pattern in the LDOS near the surface. Our findings provide a potential experimental clue to identify the surface PDW state., Comment: 4 figures

This article analyzes the cause of an abnormal defect in the oil chromatogram of a transformer, and puts forward control measures and suggestions. It is analyzed that the cause of the abnormal oil chromatogram of phase A and B of the main transformer is the poor contact o f the dynamic and static contacts of the unloaded tap changer, high temperature and overheatin g, and the development of contact ablation, resulting in abnormal oil chromatogram. The cause of the ablation of the dynamic and static contacts of the no-load tap-changer may be due to the installation and transportation (or electrodynamic shock or U-switch design and other factors), the contacts are not in close contact, the larger contact resistan ce causes the contacts to overheat, and high temperature conditions Sulfur corrosion occurs on the surface of the lower contact, and the corrosion product gradually deposits on the surface of the contact, which further aggravates the poor contact. Although passivation agent is added in t he later period, the protection effect of the passivation agent at high temperature is limited, and it can no longer protect the contact. Under the action of current, the dynamic and static contacts that cause poor contact are gradually ablated.

Although diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered to be an important prognostic factor in spinal surgery, the relationship between these two factors remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether diabetes is associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications in patients undergoing spinal surgery.We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for relevant articles published on or before December 25, 2021. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random effects meta-analysis. The primary outcome was the risk of postoperative complications following spinal surgery, including postoperative infection and reoperation. Furthermore, we conducted subgroup analyses and leave-one-out sensitivity analyses to explore the main sources of heterogeneity and the stability of the results.A total of 40 cohort studies including 2,998,891 participants met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis showed that diabetes was significantly associated with postoperative infection (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.70-2.88, p 0.001) and reoperation (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.12-1.64, p = 0.002). Furthermore, the results also found that diabetes was significantly associated with surgery-related death (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.13-2.30, p = 0.008) and transfusions (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.11-1.75, p = 0.005), whereas diabetes failed to account for nervous system complications (OR 1.12, 95% CI 0.82-1.52, p = 0.470) and embolism (OR 1.15, 95% CI 0.83-1.60, p = 0.386) for patients following spine surgery. These results were further confirmed by the trim-and-fill procedure and leave-one-out sensitivity analyses.Diabetes appears to be a risk factor for postoperative infection and reoperation for patients following spinal surgery. Special attention should be devoted to reducing the occurrence of postoperative complications in diabetic patients undergoing spinal surgery.

Water stability in acidic, neutral, and basic aqueous solutions is quite important for the potential application of metal–organic frameworks. As evidenced by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy results, the pristine DUT-4 is extremely water sensitive to acidic, neutral, and basic aqueous solutions and undergoes crystal structure and morphology transformation. The pristine DUT-4 nearly loses its porosity and H2 uptake capacity after being exposed for 6 d. A facile solution-immersion approach was employed to deposit a hydrophobic layer on the DUT-4 surface without significant loss of surface area. This layer could effectively protect DUT-4 from water molecule attack and greatly enhance water stability. After the same exposure to aqueous solutions, the hydrophobic-treated DUT-4 could basically retain their crystal structure, morphology, surface area, and H2 uptake capacity. This approach could be explored to broaden the scope of practical applications of DUT-4 and other metal–organic framework...

The particle size was an important factor that can affect the thermal degradation behavior of biomass during thermochemical conversion. In this work, the thermal degradation behavior of flue-cured tobacco with different particle sizes for thermochemical conversion was investigated by a self-designed macro-thermogravimetric analyzer (macro-TGA) under inert and oxidative conditions. During pyrolysis and combustion, the thermal degradation behavior could be described by a four-stage and five-stage mass loss reaction, respectively. At the second mass loss stage, for six cut tobaccos, the mass loss rate increased with the decrease in particle size during pyrolysis and combustion. In addition, the combustion character index of cut tobaccos ranging from 3.0480 × 10−7 to 4.4825 × 10−7%2 min−2 °C−3 also increased with the decrease in particle size. Furthermore, the mass change data recorded by the macro-TGA were used to estimate the kinetic parameters, such as the apparent activation energy and the pre-exponential factor, based on distributed activation energy model. For the thermochemical conversion of tobacco materials, it was found that the apparent activation energy increased with the increase in conversion rate for pyrolysis reaction under inert condition, while the apparent activation energy reached a maximum within a certain conversion rate in the middle of combustion reaction under oxidative condition. As well, the kinetic compensation effect was evaluated by the equation $$\ln A = \varphi \times E + \psi$$. The investigation on thermal degradation and apparent kinetics of tobacco revealed the effect of particle size on thermochemical conversion, which can provide a reference for building a more accurate cigarette combustion model.

This paper analyzes the cause of the defect of component growth in a 500kV transformer oil. First, the historical operation of the main transformer is analyzed, and then the oil chromatography data is studied. The A-phase online chromatography shows that the acetylene content is in good agreement with the offline chromatography detection, showing an increasing trend. The disintegration inspection of the main phase A phase found that there were two obvious discharge breakdown points in the inner paper tube of the low-voltage coil. According to the analysis results, the A-phase transformer should be managed and controlled, especially the oil chromatography tracking period (once every two weeks) should be shortened, and the load should be controlled if necessary.

Biometrics, physiological and/or behavioral traits used to distinguish different individuals, have now been widely used in authentication sites because they have shown advantage over passwords and token-based verification methods. However, biometric systems that use static and unimodal biometric information are susceptible to spoofing, which poses a security threat. Finger snapping, which is dynamic and can be collected multimodally, has the potential to overcome the current challenges, but a good information fusion method, model, as well as dataset is needed. In this study, three main questions are proposed and studied: (1) Is snapping a viable biometric? (2) Is feature-level information fusion of snapping practical? (3) How do traditional ML models and DL models differ in their performances on a snapping dataset? To answer the three questions, a preparative dataset consisting of kinetic information of snaps from 33 participants, as well as a main dataset consisting of kinetic and acoustic information of snaps from 50 participants have been built using a self-constructed data collection system. The preparative dataset is used to decide which subset of sensors provides the most useful information, and the main dataset is used to answer the above three questions. After testing, it is discovered that (1) snapping is a highly feasible biometric, (2) the kinetic and acoustic data can be fused at the feature level, and (3) The traditional ML model tested has greater potential over DL models due to the higher AUROC metric (0.967 ± 0.034 versus 0.943 ± 0.032), but has a lower weighted accuracy score with the default decision threshold than the DL model (87.5% ± 4.04% versus 89.9% ± 2.74%).

Most studies on the corrosion inhibition performance of organic molecules and (nano)materials were conducted within “carbon steel/1.0 M HCl” solution system using similar experimental and theoretical methods. As such, the numerous research findings in this system are sufficient to conduct comparative studies to select the best-suited inhibitor type that generally refers to a type of inhibitor with low concentration/high inhibition efficiency, nontoxic properties, and a simple and cost-economic synthesis process. Before data collection, to help readers have a clear understanding of some crucial elements for the evaluation of corrosion inhibition performance, we introduced the mainstay of corrosion inhibitors studies involved, including the corrosion and inhibition mechanism of carbon steel/HCl solution systems, evaluation methods of corrosion inhibition efficiency, adsorption isotherm models, adsorption thermodynamic parameters QC calculations, MD/MC simulations, and the main characterization techniques used. In the classification and statistical analysis section, organic compounds or (nano)materials as corrosion inhibitors were classified into six types according to their molecular structural characteristics, molecular size, and compound source, including drug molecules, ionic liquids, surfactants, plant extracts, polymers, and polymeric nanoparticles. We outlined the important conclusions obtained from recent literature and listed the evaluation methods, characterization techniques, and contrastable experimental data of these types of inhibitors when used for carbon steel corrosion in 1.0 M HCl solution. Finally, statistical analysis was only performed based on these data from carbon steel/1.0 M HCl solution system, from which some conclusions can contribute to reducing the workload of the acquisition of useful information and provide some reference directions for the development of new corrosion inhibitors.

The cancer/testis antigen lactate dehydrogenase-C4 (LDHC) is a specific isoenzyme of the LDH family that regulates invasion and metastasis in some malignancies; however, little is known regarding its role in progression of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Thus, we investigated LDHC expression by immunohistochemistry, and analyzed its clinical significance in 88 LUAD specimens. The role and molecular mechanisms subserving LDHC in cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion were explored both in vitro and in vivo. As a result, we found that high LDHC expression was significantly correlated with clinicopathological features of aggressive LUAD and a poor prognosis. Overexpression of LDHC induced LUAD cells to produce lactate and ATP, increased their metastatic and invasive potential—, and accelerated xenograft tumor growth. We further demonstrated that overexpression of LDHC affected the expression of cell proliferation-related proteins (cyclin D1 and c-Myc) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins (MMP-2, MMP-9, E-cadherin, Vimentin, Twist, Slug, and Snail) both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, excessive activation of LDHC enhanced the phosphorylation levels of AKT and GSK-3β, revealing activation of the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β oncogenic-signaling pathways. Treatment with a PI3K inhibitor reversed the effects of LDHC overexpression by inhibiting cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion, with diminished levels of p-Akt and p-GSK3β. PI3K inhibition also reversed cell proliferation-related and EMT-related proteins in LDHC-overexpressing A549 cells. In conclusion, LDHC promotes proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT in LUAD cells via activation of the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β pathway.

Objective To examine the effect of exosomes derived from lung adenocarcinoma cells on macrophage polarization and the change of cytobiological behaviors in lung cancer cells induced by activated macrophages. Methods Exosomes derived from lung adenocarcinoma cells were extracted by exosomes extraction kit. The expression of exosomal markers including CD9 and CD63 was detected by Western blot analysis. After THP-1 cells were treated with 100 ng/mL phorbol ester (PMA) for 48 hours, the macrophage marker of CD68 was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Following 24-hour treatment of macrophages with the exosomes (200 μg/mL), the mRNA levels of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and CD163 were detected by RT-qPCR, and the protein levels of IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 were measured by IMMULITE 1000. The macrophages after exosome treatment were co-cultured with A549 or H1299 cells. The invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells was tested by Transwell