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Hutan mangrove merupakan hutan yang tumbuh di daerah pantai yang keberadaannya bergantung pada aliran air laut dan air sungai atau muara. Kecamatan Batee memiliki kawasan mangrove yang informasi tentang keberadaan dan kondisinya masih sangat sedikit dijumpai. Penelitian ini penting dilakukan untuk mendapatkan data jenis dan komposisi vegetasi mangrove yang ada di Kecamatan Batee Kabupaten Pidie. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling sebanyak 25 unit plot. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 12 jenis mangrove di Kecamatan Batee. Strata vegetasi yang mendominasi adalah tingkat pertumbuhan semai (56,2%) diikuti pancang (31,7%) dan pohon (12,1%). Individu dengan jumlah tertinggi adalah Rhizophora mucronata (47,5 %) sedangkan yang terendah adalah Ceriops decandra (0,3%). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa jenis Rhizophora mucronata mendominasi keseluruhan jenis mangrove di Kecamatan Batee Kabupaten Pidie Provinsi Aceh.Structure and Composition of Mangrove Vegetation in Batee Sub-districts Pidie District Aceh ProvinceAbstract. Mangrove forest is a forest that grows in coastal areas whose existence depends on the flow of seawater and river or estuary water. Batee sub-district has mangrove areas, and their existence and condition still poor information. This research was to obtain data on mangrove vegetation in Batee Sub-district, Pidie District. The research method used purposive sampling. The results showed that there were 12 types of mangroves in Batee Sub-district. The vegetation strata dominated were seedlings (56.2%), sapling (31.7%), and trees (12.1%). The individual with the highest number was Rhizophora mucronata (47.5%), while the lowest was Ceriops decandra (0.3%). It showed that Rhizophora mucronata dominates all type of mangroves in Batee Sub-district, Pidie District, Aceh Province.

Orangutan sumatera (Pongo abelii) makan yaitu dari tumbuhan seperti pucuk daun yang muda, bunga, buah-buahan dan biji-bijian. Selain itu, mereka juga suka memakan jenis serangga kecil yang terdapat di pepohonan. Orangutan memulai mencari makan yaitu dengan pertama melihat makanan, memilih, mengambil dan memasukkan makanan ke dalam mulut dan menggigit, kemudian mengunyah setelah itu menelan makanan sampai orangutan berhenti untuk makan ataupun minum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku makan dan preferensi pohon buah yang menjadi pakan orangutan sumatera (Pongo abelii) di sekitar Stasiun Penelitian Ketambe. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode focal animal sampling, yaitu mengamati dan mencatat perilaku satu individu selama periode waktu tertentu, mulai dengan mencatat setiap pola makan individu target orangutan per dua menit, pengamatan orangutan sumatera dilakukan dari pukul 05.30 WIB-18.30 WIB atau bias bertambah selama orangutan belum selesai makan, kemudian data dicatat pada tabulasi data. Orangutan sumatera (Pongo abelii), yang diamati yaitu, betina dewasa sedang hamil (Kelly). Dari perilaku makan Orangutan sumatera (Pongo abelii) maka didapatkan, aktivitas mencari makan Kelly 27,29%. Rerata yang didapatkan dari lama waktu makan dari pola perilaku makan tertentu perkeseluruhan jenis kategori pakan Kelly maka didapatkan memilih 4,86%, memegang 13,93%, mengambil 27,38%, dan memakan 53,81%. Kelly menghabiskan waktu untuk aktivitas makan sebanyak 45% per hari. Jenis dan kategori pakan yang dimakan oleh betina dewasa Kelly adalah bunga 28,43%, buah 26,52%, kulit 7,25%, serangga 3,63%.Kata kunci: Orangutan sumatera, perilaku makan, preferensi pohon buah sebagai pakan.Abstract: The Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) eats plants such as young shoots, flowers, fruits and seeds. In addition, they also like to eat the types of small insects found in the trees. Orangutans start looking for food by first looking at food, choosing, taking and putting food into their mouths and biting, then chewing and then swallowing food until the orangutans stop to eat or drink. This study aims to determine the eating behavior and preferences of fruit trees that feed the Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) around the Ketambe Research Station. The method used in this study is the focal animal sampling method, namely observing and recording the behavior of one individual over a certain period of time, starting by recording each individual target orangutan's diet every two minutes, observing Sumatran orangutans from 05.30 WIB to 18.30 WIB or bias. increases as long as the orangutan has not finished eating, then the data is recorded in the data tabulation. The Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii), which was observed, was a pregnant female adult (Kelly). From the eating behavior of the Sumatran Orangutan (Pongo abelii), it was found that Kelly's foraging activity was 27.29%. The average obtained from the length of time eating from certain eating behavior patterns for all types of Kelly's feed categories was found to choose 4.86%, hold 13.93%, take 27.38%, and eat 53.81%. Kelly spends time on eating activities as much as 45% per day. Types and categories of feed eaten by adult Kelly females were flowers 28.43%, fruit 26.52%, skin 7.25%, insects 3.63%.Keywords: Sumatran orangutan, eating behavior, preference of trees as food.

Lingkungan Kampus Universitas Syiah Kuala merupakan bagian dari ruang terbuka hijau, memiliki berbagai jenis pohon yang berada di sekitar wilayah kampus. Keberadaan jenis pohon di Lingkungan Kampus Universitas Syiah Kuala masih belum teridentifikasi letak sebaran pohonnya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian mengenai identifikasi sebaran pohon yang berada di Lingkungan Kampus Universitas Syiah Kuala perlu dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuam untuk mengetahui komposisi jenis dan jumlah pohon yang berada di Lingkungan Kampus Universitas Syiah Kuala dan memetakan sebaran pohon yang berada di Lingkungan Kampus Universitas Syiah Kuala. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini metode sensus, mengambil titik koordinat dengan menggunakan GPS pada setiap pohon yang ditemukan dan mengidentifikasi jenis pohonnya. Jenis dan jumlah pohon yang berada di Lingkungan Kampus Universitas Syiah Kuala yaitu 37 jenis dan 1341 individu. Sebaran pohon di Lingkungan Kampus Universitas Syiah Kuala membentuk mengelompok dan jalur.

Kawasan Hutan Taman Hutan Raya (Tahura) Lae Kombih memiliki beberapa ekosistem/tipe vegetasi hutan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengindentifikasi jenis dan komposisi vegetasi pada blok pemanfaatan, perlindungan dan tradisional dengan menggunakan metode Systematic Random Sampling yaitu petak contoh ditempatkan pada lokasi hutan dominan. Penentuan sampel menggunakan intesitas sampling sebesar 0,05 % terdiri atas 20 plot sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pada blok pemanfaatan, blok perlindungan dan blok tradisional dengan luas kawasan 589 ha ditemukan 26 jenis tumbuhan berdasarkan tingkat semai, pancang, tiang dan pohon dengan total individu sebanyak 315 individu.

Pohon pinus termasuk dalam famili Pinaceae memiliki sebaran yang luas mulai dari bumi belahan utara hingga selatan dan mencakup hampir 120 spesies. Pinus yang tumbuh asli di Sumatera terbagi menjadi tiga galur, yaitu: Aceh, Kerinci, dan Tapanuli. Galur Aceh dikenal sebagai populasi terbesar di antara ketiganya dan tumbuh secara alami. Umumnya tumbuh di dataran tinggi atau lebih dari 1.000 meter di atas permukaan laut (mdpl). Ketinggian tempat (altitude) sangat berpengaruh terhadap ketinggian dan umur tanaman. Ketinggian tempat dipengaruhi oleh iklim terutama curah hujan dan temperatur udara. Tinggi tempat berpengaruh terhadap temperatur udara dan intensitas cahaya (Nurmasari dan Djumali, 2010).) Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini purposive sampling. Data yang diperoleh dari dua ketinggian tempat yang berbeda ditulis di excel kemudian di uji dengan Statistik dengan uji Independent samples t-test, uji ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan dari dua populasi/kelompok data. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan altitude dapat menyebabkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p 0.05) pada 3 parameter yaitu tinggi pohon (m), tinggi cabang pertama dari tanah (cm), diameter batang (cm), jumlah cabang (unit). Sedangkan, perbedaan altitude tidak menyebabkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p 0.05) pada 2 karakter morfologi yaitu panjang strobilus betina (cm), dan diameter strobilus betina (cm)

Berang-berang cakar kecil merupakan salah satu satwa yang dilindungi di Asia. Berang-berang cakar kecil termasuk satwa yang sudah lama dijadikan sebagai satwa peraga di kebun binatang dan akuarium dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Pengetahuan mengenai berang-berang cakar kecil penting untuk meningkatkan kepedulian dan menghilangkan persepsi negatif terhadap satwaliar ini.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji persepsi masyarakat terhadap berang-berang cakar kecil sebagai satwa peraga di Lembaga Konservasi Indonesia. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2016 hingga Februari 2017 di Kebun Binatang Bandung, Taman Margasatwa Ragunan, dan Gelanggang Samudra Ancol. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah wawancara. Kuesioner digunakan untuk menilai 90 data persepsi pengunjung dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Chi-Square digunakan untuk menganalisis pengetahuan pengunjung tentang keberadaan berang-berang cakar kecil di ketiga lokasi. Tingkat pengetahuan pengunjung tertinggi tentang berang-berang cakar kecil berada di Taman Margasatwa Ragunan (7,83%), selain dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan dasar, pemahaman pengunjung juga dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan media interpretasi. Minat pengunjung terhadap peragaan berang-berang cakar kecil masih rendah karena ukuran tubuh satwa yang kecil dan kondisi kandang peraga yang kotor serta jauh dari kesan alami.

Utilization of data and information on ecosystem services is used as a reference in the management of natural resources and the environment as well as a guide for policy makers to determine priority locations in critical ecosystem restoration. There are challenges for Forest Management Unit (FMU) staff and community members to accurately collect and report specific information on forest carbon, biodiversity, supply forest types, and cultural ecosystem services. This service aims to facilitate FMU staff and members of the social forestry community in Aceh Province to receive Excel-based training on ecosystem services tools. The method used is counseling through training activities carried out for six days using excel-based ecosystem services tools, namely forest carbon, tree biodiversity, and forest integrity Assessment (FIA). The participants of this activity were 22 participants who came from KPH staff, forest community groups, local government agencies (BKSDA Aceh, BPDASL KA, TNGL), as well as staff and students of Forestry at Syiah Kuala University. The results obtained from this activity are direct understanding and practice by participants regarding the use of excel-based ecosystem service tools.

Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) is a multipurpose plantation commodity crop that almost all parts of the plant have strategic economic value to be cultivated. In Indonesia there are the largest nutmeg commodity centers, including the Maluku islands, North Sulawesi and Aceh. The biggest problem with nutmeg plants is the attack of pests and diseases. One of the most severe diseases in nutmeg is white root mushroom (Rigidoporus lignosus). This study aims to 1) determine the fungus of white root fungus antagonists (Rigodoporus lignosus) from the Aceh nutmeg rhizosphere (Myristica fragrans Houtt), 2) identify the content of antibiotic fungus JAP antagonist compounds in Aceh nutmeg plants. The study was conducted by taking soil samples from nutmeg plants at three nutmeg plantations in South Aceh. The antagonist fungus isolation activity uses a dilution method. Isolation of JAP from infected roots using direct planting method. Furthermore, it is identified macroscopically and microscopically. The antagonist test was carried out using the dual culture method with RAL. From the rhizosphere in the nutmeg area, 5 candidate antagonist isolates were obtained, having high in vitro antagonism ability to the pathogen R. lignosus. Identification results showed that isolates 1, 2 and 3 were Trichoderma spp, and isolates 4 and 5 were Gliocladium virens. Keywords: In vitro, the content of antibiotic compounds, Aceh nutmeg, Rigidoporus lignosus, antagonistic test

Yanti LA, Achmad, Khumaida N. 2018. Resistance mechanisms of white jabon seedlings (Anthocephalus cadamba) against Botryodiplodia theobromae causing dieback disease. Biodiversitas 19: 1441-1450. Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq. seedlings are the most preferred plant for the nursery as they serve a lot of benefits and can be used as shading trees, reforestation, plywood, pulp, paper, and traditional medicines. Further, those benefits can increase the economic value of this plant. The main problem in the nursery of forestry plants is pest and disease attacks, one of which is dieback disease. The dieback disease is caused by Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat. that may lead death of the host plant. Every plant has its resistance mechanism toward pathogen attacks. This research aimed: (1) to study B. theobromae attack through wounded and non-wounded stem infection methods on white jabon seedlings; (2) to study the resistance mechanisms of white jabon seedlings both structural and biochemical resistance against B. theobromae. This study employed a factorial treatment design laid out in a completely randomized design. The structural resistance was determined by studying the microscopic appearance of the white jabon seedlings’ stem by using a scanning electron microscope. Meanwhile, the biochemical resistance was determined by characterizing the chemical compounds of white jabon seedlings' stem using phytochemistry analysis. The result showed that the disease incidence of the control (inoculated without pathogen isolate) and the inoculated (inoculated with pathogen isolate) seedlings were, respectively, 0% and 100% (with wounded stem) and 0% and 30% (non-wounded). The disease severity of control and inoculated seedlings were 0% and 62% (with wounded stem) and 0% and 12% (non-wounded stem), respectively. The incubation period of wounded and non-wounded stems on inoculated seedlings (inoculated with pathogen isolate) was one day after inoculation with the numeric values (disease scores) of 4 and 2, respectively. White jabon seedlings had necrotic resistance as structural resistance mechanism against the pathogen attack. White jabon seedlings also contained secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoid, phenyl hydroquinone, tannin, saponin, and steroids. The biochemical resistance of white jabon seedling after pathogen attacks was shown by the increase of accumulated phenolic compounds such as flavonoid and tannin.

Peanut has high economic value because has high nutritions especially protein and fat, but the development of broad harvesting and peanut production for the last five years (2008-2012) continues to decrease. The main problem of the peanut low production are disease attacks S. rolfsii and the low broad harvesting. The drop of peanut production in Nusa Tenggara Barat causing harm caused by fungi S.rolfsii can reach 58,3 % per year. Peat is potential land to be developed to farming land. Peat has high acidity so fungi S. rolfsii would be easy to develop and resulted disease severity of peanut disease. Solution of this problem is the gift of lime. This study aims (1) to test the effect of dosages of lime to peanut resistance which was infected by rot stem S. rolfsii on peat land; (2) to study interaction of peanut varieties and dosage of lime to rot stem disease attacks S. rolfsii on peat land. This study used factorial block randomized design 2 x 3 with 3 replications. The studied factors were peanut varieties and the dosage of lime. The result showed that on the effect of varieties, the widest disease percentage was on Takar 2 variety on age 21, 28, 42, and 49 day after planting (DAP) that significant difference with Bison variety. The worth disease intensity was on Takar 2 variety that significant difference with Bison variety (on age 45 and 60 DAP). Key words: dosage of lime, peanut varieties, peat land, the sclerotia of Sclerotium rolfsii