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Summary: The switched reluctance motor (SRM) is a prominent electrical machine drive with low cost and good performance in different drive applications. This machine's main drawbacks are torque ripple and flux ripple. However, the existing SRM‐operated direct torque control (DTC) Voltage vectors (VVs) give high torque ripples due to improper sector division and minimum selection of VVs switching states. On the other hand, a two‐level hysteresis torque band can result in torque ripples. Therefore, this paper proposed DTC using 16 partitions, active small and large VVs, and a multilevel hysteresis torque band (MHTB) strategy to mitigate the torque ripple further. More active VVs (i.e., 16) are employed in the modified sector‐based switching tables, suppressing the torque ripples. The proposed strategy is verified and validated using MATLAB/Simulink. The detailed result discusses the response of torque, flux, and speed of SRM. The DTC‐operated SRM drive experimental results prove the effective minimization of torque ripples in the proposed DTC compared to the existing DTC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Subset feature selection for microarray data is intended to reduce the number of irrelevant features in order to extract significant features from the dataset. Simultaneously, choosing the appropriate features from the high-dimensional dataset may enhance the learning algorithm's classification precision. Relief algorithms and their variants are successful attribute estimators. MultiSURF is the latest descendant of relief-based approaches; it estimates the feature by preserving target instance-centric neighborhood determination. However, the large number of redundant features can lead to the degraded performance of MultiSURF's ability to select relevant features from the datasets. In order to select an informative feature from extremely redundant data, we suggest an innovative feature weighting algorithm called boundary margin relief (BMR). BMR's main concept is to predict the feature weights through the measurement of the local hyperplane, which is typically used in I-Relief techniques. The weights of the features in the proposed methods are very robust in terms of removing redundant features. To show the efficiency of the method, comprehensive studies involving classification tests were conducted on benchmark microarray datasets by combining the suggested technique with conventional classifiers, including support vector machine, k-nearest neighbor, and Naive Bayes. Extensive studies have shown that the proposed method has three notable features: (1) elevated classification accuracy, (2) outstanding redundant robustness, and (3) good stability about different classification algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A descriptive study was conducted to assess the knowledge on first aid measures among self help group members. The study was conducted in selected community areas of Natekal PHC. The sample for the study comprised of 100 self help group members selected by purposive sampling technique. The data was collected between 2nd October 2011 and 13th November 2011 by using structured questionnaires. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study finding revealed that majority of the samples 55% were in the age group of 25-30 years, 64% were females, 44% of them were manual laborers and 39 % received information from the teaching programs, 20% from mass media 13% from friends and 17% of them do not have exposure to any source of information about the first aid practices. The results showed that majority of the samples 62% had good knowledge, and 38% had average knowledge about the first aid practice. Among the seven areas of the knowledge assessment on first aid measures the mean percentage score of the samples were highest (70%) in the area of poisoning and lowest score (28.8%) in the area of bleeding. There is no significant association between knowledge and selected demographic variables like age, educational status, membership in any social organization, occupation, place of living, and source of information other than gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Semecarpus anacardium L. F. commonly known as Bhallathaka, is an important Ayurvedic medicinal plant of the family Anacardiaceae. Mature fruit of this plant is used as an Ayurvedic drug for treating various ailments including cancer. The drug has been reported to cause irritation, blisters, toxicity and contact dermatitis if used in raw form. In Ayurvedic texts, various methods have been described for purification process of Bhallathaka in order to minimize the toxic effects as well as to potentiate the drug. This study was carried out to evaluate chemical profiles and anti-cancer activity of raw and purified samples of Bhallathaka. Chemical characterization was done by Liquid chromatography mass spectroscopic (LC/MS) analysis and anticancer activity was evaluated using Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) model in mice with 5-fluorouracil as standard. The result indicated that purification of Bhallathaka imparted chemical changes to certain active compounds and enhanced its anti-cancer activity when compared to raw sample. The present study concluded that traditional purification process can impact the chemical and pharmacological profile of herbal drugs and thus beneficial in increasing its safety and efficacy. [Display omitted] • Semecarpus anacardium (Bhallathaka) is an important Ayurvedic medicinal plant. • In Ayurvedic texts, various methods have been described for purification of Bhallathaka. • Purification of Bhallathaka imparted chemical changes to certain active compounds. • Purified sample showed enhanced anti-cancer activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dressler's syndrome is pericarditis which develops 2-10 weeks after myocardial infarction or due to a traumatic etiology. Dressler's syndrome is an immune system response that damages the heart tissues or pericardium secondary to events like myocardial infarction, heart surgery, or traumatic injury with incidence of 3-4 %. This is usually diagnosed in autopsy due to the narrow treatment window which makes clinical diagnosis difficult. This case highlights the rare condition called Dressler's syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sudden deaths of cardiac origin are usually caused by unexpected loss of heart function. One of the causes may be Infective endocarditis (IE) which refers to the microbial infection of the heart valves or mural endocardium that leads to the formation of thrombotic vegetations that cause calcification and destruction of underlying cardiac tissue. The vegetations are typically friable and embolize easily causing abscesses (Ring abscess), septic infarcts and mycotic aneurysms. Left untreated, IE may lead to congestive heart failure (CHF). Hence, it is important to discuss cases where IE was the main cause for death. Case suggested of a 67-year-old female who developed breathlessness, was taken to a local hospital and later brought to a multi-speciality hospital on the advice of doctors where she was declared brought dead. Internal Examination revealed the brain to be soft, congested and oedematous. There was coning of the orbital part of the frontal lobe, uncal part of the hippocampal gyrus of the temporal lobe and the cerebellar tonsil bilaterally. Tracheal lumen contained blood stained mucoid fluid. White patch was present on the anterior surface of the right ventricle 4 cm above apex. Right coronary artery showed 50% occlusion in its entire course. Left anterior descending artery showed 75% occlusion for 4cm from its origin. Multiple atheromatous streaks and plaques were present over the aortic intima at several places. Histopathology suggested chronic myocardial infarct with left coronary artery atherosclerosis. Pseudo hyphae were noticed in the vegetation's on the heart valve which were confirmed to be belonging to the genus Candida. Final opinion as to the cause of death after hospital records, autopsy findings, histopathology report and RFSL reports-due to sequelae of fungal infective endocarditis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is one of the most catastrophic complications of pregnancy in which it is postulated that amniotic fluid, fetal cells, hair, or other debris enters the maternal pulmonary circulation, causing cardiovascular collapse and other complications which are a cause of high case fatality. It was first reported by Meyer in 1926. The incidence of Amniotic fluid embolism is rare, and the exact pathophysiology is still unknown. The process is similar to anaphylaxis than to embolism, so also termed as anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy because foetal tissue or amniotic fluid components are not universally found in women who present with signs and symptoms attributable to AFE. This is a case of a 27-year old female who developed severe bleeding after delivery of a male child and died 3 hours later to it. The post mortem report showed 50 ml of straw-coloured fluid in both the right and left pleura. Section from lung shows dilated and preserved alveolar air spaces with luminal secretions; surrounded by congested and inflamed interstitium, with congested blood vessels as per the histopathological report. Vessels showed luminal lamellated keratin flakes and squamous cells. The cause of death on examination was found to be amniotic fluid embolism. Since there was no indication of any sort of abdominal trauma therefore in such cases it becomes important to figure out the possible reasons behind the development of amniotic fluid embolism in an apparently normal individual. Though it is a rare condition, an early diagnosis of amniotic fluid embolism is necessary to prevent fatality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary urinary Bladder Adenocarcinoma (PBA) is an uncommon neoplasm and can cause diagnostic difficulties due to histologic similarities with adenocarcinomas of adjacent structures like Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT) and prostate, since involvement of the bladder by metastasis or direct spread can occur. Seven cases of bladder adenocarcinomas were diagnosed during a period of four years in a tertiary care hospital. Patient's age ranged from 26-78 years with a male predilection. Three cases were signet ring type adenocarcinomas, two cases were subtyped as enteric variant, one as mucinous variant and one as adenocarcinoma Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) variant. One case showed urachal involvement. Common site of involvement was the base and posterior wall of the bladder. Three cases had prior history of GIT malignancy. No morphologic difference was identified to differentiate primary from secondary adenocarcinomas. Bladder adenocarcinoma is rare tumours. Primary and secondary adenocarcinomas cannot be distinguished from each other on morphologic grounds. Ancillary studies may have limited role in distinguishing between the two. Hence, clinical correlation has a major role in their evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• UHRF1 is upregulated in several cancers. • UHRF1 levels are associated with stage, size and grade of the tumor. • UHRF1 can be used as a druggable target. • Docking of Propranolol, Nocodazole, Thymoquinone, Emodin, Napthazarin to SRA domain. The figure describes the location of UHRF1 (Ubiquitin-like with containing PHD and RING Finger domains 1) gene, mRNA and protein synthesis in the tumor cell and its structural domains with a focus on the docking of Naphthazarin on the SRA domain of UHRF1, resulting in reduction of tumor size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]