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One of the most important tasks of education reform in Ukraine is to foster creative individuals prepared to meet the social demands at both the national and international. The introduction of a competence-based approach to modern higher education and the formation of professional competence of future professionals is the best indicator of the quality of education received. Today’s demands for higher education institutions are to reach a qualitatively new level of presentation of educational material, apart from traditional, widely used modern pedagogical technologies. The aim of this study is to analyze the psychological and pedagogical, methodological literature and to identify the essential characteristics of pedagogical technologies. Material and methods. The study implies the analysis of psychological and pedagogical, methodological literature, the materials of educational and methodical conferences, methodological work of the department. To achieve the goal, clarifying the essence and peculiarities of the use of modern pedagogical technologies in the educational process theoretical methods (analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison, systematization, pedagogical modelling, theoretical prediction) are used. The rank of an educational institution is determined by the quality of the innovative technologies it uses effectively. For the development of higher medical education it is advisable to implement and integrate into the educational process all the above described pedagogical technologies, and the effectiveness of their use depends on the interaction of factors that support the educational process: competent teachers who are highly skilled in pedagogical technologies and constantly improve their professional level; motivation and sufficient level of basic training of future teachers; The main goal of the project is to develop the educational process and to improve the quality of teaching and learning; to actively implement modern educational technologies; to effectively integrate all known types and levels of educational technologies. The use of modern pedagogical technologies in professional training of future physicians contributes to the formation of professional competence of the students by developing the skills of self-study and scientific and investigative work, inter-industry communication, teamwork, analysis and synthesis, creativity, ability to cooperate with specialists of other specialties, to solve problems and make decisions, etc.

The article presents a comparative analysis of the clinical effectiveness of bone augmentation materials, in particular, compositions including multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells of adipose tissue and platelet-enriched plasma, used to fill bone defects during the operation of third molars extraction. The criteria for the effectiveness of treatment at the stage of the early postoperative period in the participants included the assessment of the pain intensity, collateral oedema and hyperaemia of the oral mucosa after the surgery. The aim of the study is to determine the clinical efficiency of osteoplastic materials and to determine the feasibility of using tissue equivalents of bone tissue based on multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells of adipose tissue for healing of bone defects in patients with impacted third molars. Methods and participants. The study was conducted on the basis of the Department of Surgical Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery of Bukovynian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine. Extraction of impacted third molars surgery was performed on 72 patients. After the tooth extraction, 31.94% of them underwent bone augmentation by osteoplastic material “Colapan–L” (group A); 41.67% of patients had bone augmentation with a combination of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells of adipose tissue+”Colapan–L”+platelet-rich plasma (group B), and in the rest, 26.39% of patients, wound healing occurred under a blood clot (group C). Postoperative pain syndrome was assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) based on patients' subjective feeling of pain. Visual assessment of the severity of collateral oedema and hyperaemia of the oral mucosa after surgery was also performed. A scoring system was used to determine the severity of collateral oedema. To assess the state of the postoperative period in patients of all study groups, a protocol was completed daily during the hospital stay period that reflected the most important data of an objective and subjective nature. During the procedure of morning dressings, we analyzed patients' complaints and evaluated general and local status: presence of appetite, quality of sleep, wound pain, postoperative oedema, hematoma, and hyperaemia of the oral mucosa, presence of secretions from the wound, body temperature, and type of wound healing. The study has demonstrated that at the final stage of postoperative follow-up the 89.31% of patients who received a combination of “Colapan–L” with multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells of adipose tissue and platelet-rich plasma reported no pain that is 1.2 times p10.05 that the indicators of group B, where the healing of the bone defect developed without osteoplastic materials. The absence of hyperaemia of the oral mucosa was found in 92.37% of the patients in groups B, which was 1.3 and 1.4 times higher than the values obtained in groups A and B, p1

The main goal of the present work was the investigation of tribological properties of multilayered hydrothermally synthesized MoS2/C nanospheres as an additive to industrial base oil. The average size of the MoS2/C particles in which MoS2 layers alternate with carbon is about 40 nm. The tests were performed for reciprocating motion conditions through “plane-ball” scheme. The main tribological characteristics (critical point of failure and friction coefficient) changes as functions of the lubricant additives concentration were discussed. The time dependencies of the tribological characteristic were fitted by sigmoid functions. It was found that the addition of 0.1 wt% MoS2/C nanoparticles to the base oils results in 30% up in friction coefficient reduction and 10 times enlarging of critical point of failure.

When performing myoplastic operations and surgical interventions on the thyroid gland, trachea and esophagus, information on the variant anatomy of the infrahyoid muscles, the features of their innervation and blood supply are of great clinical importance. Moreover, when additional muscles are attached to the thyroid gland, intraoperative bleeding can occur resulting in hematoma and tissue scarring in the postoperative period. There are fragmentary data in the literature on the variants of the structure and topography of the human infrahyoid area muscles. The specificity of branching nerves and blood vessels, their vascular-nervous relationships in a separate part of the sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, and omohyoid muscles should be taken into account when performing rational incisions in the neck, moving both the flaps and the above muscles in plastic surgery. The purpose of study was to establish the anatomical variability and features of innervation and blood supply of the infrahyoid muscles of the neck in human foetuses of 4 – 10 gestational months age. Material and methods. The study was performed on 36 human foetuses, whose parieto-coccygeal length was 81.0 – 375.0 mm, without visible signs of anatomical abnormalities or anomalies in the cervical region. Thin sections of the structures from the anterior and lateral parts of the neck were prepared under the control of binocular magnifier, vascular injection technique, and morphometry. Foetal preparations weighing over 500.0 g were studied directly at Chernivtsi Regional Paediatric Pathological Bureau. Foetal preparations were taken from the Museum of M.G. Turkevich Human Anatomy Department, Bukovinian State Medical University. Results and discussion. The study demonstrated anatomical variability of the infrahyoid area muscles during the foetal period of human ontogenesis. Human foetuses were mainly found to have loose extending intramuscular branching of the nerves of the cervical loop in the infrahyoid muscles. The only exception is the inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle, where main nerve branching is found out. The distribution of nerves in the thickness of the infrahyoid muscles is uneven. Macroscopic examination revealed the smallest number of nerve branches was found within the middle third of the sternohyoid and upper third of the sternothyroid muscles. Arteries and nerves enter the sternothyroid and thyrohyoid muscles through the anterior surface, and the omohyoid and sternohyoid muscles enter mainly through the posterior surface of these muscles. The infrahyoid muscles are characterized by the main form of intramuscular branching of the arteries. The data on the peculiarities of intramuscular branching of arteries and nerves in the infrahyoid muscles we obtained, as well as the variant anatomy of the infrahyoid area muscles must be taken into account when performing a surgical access to the neck, or when operating on in the anterior cervical region, in particular myoplastic and reconstructive operations, in order to avoid muscle injuries.

The article is devoted to the risk of cardiovascular disease in coronavirus infection In March 2020, the World Health Organization announced the COVID-19 pandemic The virus set many tasks for practicing doctors, including the study of its pathogenesis and the creation of a therapy suitable for all patient groups This paper presents information about cellular entry of the coronavirus, the development of cardiovascular diseases, in particular, the heart, and the latest data on experimental therapy with hydroxychloroquine Coronavirus has been shown to affect the synthesis of angiotensin 2, which increase the QT interval At the same time, the combination therapy -using chloroquine and azithromycin caused a critical prolongation of the QT interval in some cases On 4 July 2020, WHO accepted the Solidarity Trial’s International Steering Committee recommendation has stop the trial of these drugs Cardiologists should review the latest information on the effects of coronavirus on the cardiovascular system and based on this, make recommendations the management and treatment of severe patients Статья посвящена риску развития поражений со стороны сердечно-сосудистой системы при коронавирусной инфекции В марте 2020 г Всемирная организация здравоохранения объявила пандемию COVID-19 Вирус поставил перед практикующими врачами массу задач, среди которых исследование его патогенеза и создание терапии, подходящей всем группам пациентов В статье представлены сведения о попадании коронавируса в клетку, развитии поражений со стороны сердечно-сосудистой системы, в частности сердца, и последние данные об экспериментальной терапии гидроксихлорохином Было показано, что COVID-19 влияет на синтез ангиотензина-2, увеличивая интервал QT Вместе с тем комбинированное применение хлорохина вместе с азитромицином вызывало критическое удлинение интервала QT у некоторых пациентов Уже 4 июля 2020 г Всемирная организация здравоохранения в связи с рекомендациями Международного руководящего комитета клинического исследования «Solidarity» остановила испытания данных препаратов Именно кардиологам предстоит не только проанализировать будущие результаты исследований о влиянии коронавируса на сердечно-сосудистую систему, но и составить на основе этого рекомендации по ведению и лечению тяжёлых пациентов

In-depth study of the peculiarities of the morphological, topographic and anatomical relationships between fascia, muscles, vessels, nerves, cellular spaces and organs of other parts of the human body requires applying an appropriate methodology of morphological research. According to some researchers, the superficial, pretracheal, and prevertebral plates of the cervical fascia develop depending on the origin and morphogenesis of the respective groups of neck muscles. Obtaining data on the development of topographic morphology of the cervical fascia and interfascial cellular spaces of the anterior and lateral areas of the neck during the fetal period of human ontogenesis is an important area of fetal anatomy and surgery and can be used for age comparison. The purpose of the study was to clarify the peculiarities of the development of the topographic morphology in the cervical fascia and interfascial cellular spaces of the anterior and lateral areas of the neck in human fetuses of 4-10 months of gestation. The study was performed on 75 human fetuses of 81.0-375.0 mm parietal coccygeal length without external signs of anatomical abnormalities or developmental anomalies of the cervical region by preparing microscopic slides of organs and structures of the anterior and lateral areas of the neck. The samples taken from fetuses weighing more than 500.0 g were investigated directly at the Chernivtsi Regional Paediatric Pathological Bureau according to the association agreement. The material was also taken from the M.G. Turkevich Museum of the Human Anatomy Department, Bukovinian State Medical University. The macroscopic and microscopic investigation of the cervical region in human fetuses of 4-7 months revealed thin, semitranslucent plates of the cervical fascia: superficial, middle (pretracheal) and deep (prevertebral). In fetuses of 8-10 months in the anterior area of the neck, the plates of the cervical fascia were clearly seen and shiny. Subcutaneous, or superficial, and intracervical fascias were fascias propria of the neck, and having no clear boundaries passed into adjacent areas. In the fetal period of human ontogenesis the interfascial cellular spaces of the anterior and lateral areas of the neck develop including suprapectoral, anterovisceral, extravisceral, antescalenous, interscalenous cellular spaces and sheath of vascular-nervous bundles of the neck. During the fetal period of human ontogenesis, there is a pronounced variation in the development and location of the plates of the cervical fascia. The authors of this study state that the research and result publication have no conflicts regarding commercial or financial relations, relations with organizations and/or individuals who may have been related to the study.

N-glycan residues attached to Asn297 of the immunoglobulin IgG molecule are responsible for changing­ its structural conformation and are used as markers of many inflammatory diseases. Freezing stabilizes protein structure, while recent solution NMR data showed greatly altered IgG glycan mobility at different­ temperatures. The aim of the current work was to investigate whether freezing sera samples from multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and normal healthy donors (NHD) influences exposure of IgG glycans. The developed lectin immunosorbent assay was used to evaluate exposure of native IgG glycans with fucose-binding AAL lectin and sialic acid-binding SNA lectin. Sera samples were divided and either immediately frozen at -20 °C or stored at 4 °C. Lectin exposure was compared between 5 MS patient groups (n = 75) vs NHD (n = 23) and in paired samples with and without freezing. A significant increase in the exposure of fucose residues on IgG glycans in MS patients, compared to NHD, was observed. This increase was only observed if sera were frozen before analysis. The exposure of sialic acid was decreased in MS vs NHD samples after freezing sera samples. The exposure of core fucose residues and terminal sialic residues differed significantly in paired sera samples after freezing. Combined parameters of fucose and sialic acid exposure on native IgG glycans using frozen sera samples serve as a discriminative marker between MS and NHD. For AAL exposure, the discrimination of MS was characterized by AUROC of 0.906, sensitivity of 76.7% and specificity of 59.0% (P < 0.0001).

Supported binary indium–cobalt oxide catalysts showed high activity in joint reduction of nitrogen(I, II) oxides with carbon monoxide. Their activity is determined not only by the composition, but also by the order of introducing the active components. In moist reaction systems (N2O + NO + CO + H2O), the best results were reached on In2O3,Co3O4/Al2O3 catalysts: 90–98% conversion of the reactants at 450–500˚C.

The microporous carbons samples were obtained on the base of plant feedstock using different modes of carbonization and chemical activation. The effect of N-doped microporous carbon synthes...

С каждым годом в связи с техническим прогрессом появляется всё больше новых технологий и устройств для их реализации, компьютерные технологии прочно вошли в различные сферы жизни человека, а также в его быт. Участие в трудовом процессе требует выполнения широкого спектра зрительных задач. Немало профессий связано с сильным, а главное непривычным напряжением физиологических функций, при которых условия труда могут быть охарактеризованы как экстремальные (производство электронной аппаратуры, микроприборов, компьютерной техники и работа на них). Цель исследования – выявить особенности астенопии у лиц молодого возраста, обратившихся в поликлинику в течение 3-х лет. Материалы и методы. Обследовано 275 (540 глаз) молодых людей в возрасте 20–28 лет. Больным проводили офтальмологическое обследование: визометрию вдаль, вблизи, рефрактометрию, исследовали резервы аккомодации, запаса аккомодации, ближайшей точки конвергенции, характера бинокулярного зрения, фузионной способности, фории на шкале Маддокса по общепринятым методам. Пациентов, которые жаловались на "потемнение в глазах", исчезновение букв при чтении, светобоязнь и головную боль, обязательно направляли на допплерографию сосудов головы и шеи, а также на консультацию специалистов: невролога, психоневролога, оториноларинголога. Результаты исследований и их обсуждение. Установлено, что аккомодативная форма астенопии встречается наиболее часто – в 45 % случаев, мышечная – в 30 % и нервная формы – в 25 %. Современные условия учебы и промышленного производства, компьютеризация и использование различных электронных устройств усложняют степень информационного взаимодействия и решения различного рода зрительных задач. Это требует своевременной диагностики и профилактики астенопии. Мы получили численные критерии оценки форм астенопии, что важно для диагностики этих состояний. Выводы. Для каждой формы астенопии характерен свой симптомокомплекс нарушений зрительных, бинокулярных и нервно-сосудистых расстройств: а) для аккомодативной – легкая степень снижения остроты зрения вдаль и вблизи, снижение резервов абсолютной и относительной аккомодации, достаточный уровень фузии и конвергенции; б) для мышечной формы – легкая степень снижения остроты зрения вдаль и вблизи, незначительное снижение резервов абсолютной и относительной аккомодации, но имеется удаление ближайшей точки конвергенции, уменьшение амплитуды фузии и наличие экзофории средней степени выраженности; в) для нервной формы – легкая форма снижения остроты зрения вдаль и вблизи, выраженное снижение резервов абсолютной и относительной аккомодации, выраженное удаление ближайшей точки конвергенции и значительное уменьшение амплитуды фузии, а также наличие адаптационных расстройств.

Objective Introduction: The rapid development of perinatal gynecology requires from the anatomists comprehensive studies of the patterns of prenatal morphogenesis and the development of topographic and anatomical relationships of female reproductive organs in the human fetuses of different age groups. The aim: To study the development and formation of the vaginal topography in the prenatal period of human ontogenesis. Patients and methods Materials and methods: The study has been conducted based on 23 series of histological and topographic-anatomical sections of human prefetuses aged 9-12 weeks with 31.0-80.0 mm of crown-rump length (CRL) and 83 specimens of female human fetuses aged 4-9 months with 81.0-345.0 mm of CRL by means of a complex of adequate morphological methods of investigation. Results Results and conclusions: Vaginal formation occurs during the 9th week of embryogenesis (prefetuses of 31.0-41.0 mm of CRL) due to the fusion of two different embryonic structures: mesodermal paramesonephral ducts and endodermal urogenital sinus. In this case, the caudal regions of the paramesonephral ducts are transformed into the uterus and the superior two thirds of the vagina, and the inferior third of the vagina develops from the urogenital sinus. Common uterovaginal canal, divided into right and left cavities by mesenchymal septum, is formed in the female prefetuses of 38.0-43.0 mm of CRL due to the fusion of the caudal regions of the paramesonephral ducts in the area of the posterior wall of the urogenital sinus. Complete dissolving of the septum of the uterovaginal canal occurs in prefetuses of 55.0-58.0 mm of CRL. The anterior and posterior vaginal vaults of the same depth are formed in 5-month-old fetuses. Canalization of vagina in the caudo-cranial direction is observed in the fetuses of 170.0-185.0 mm of CRL, with no clear boundary between the uterovaginal canal and the urogenital sinus. The vaginal epithelium in the upper third part originates from the uterovaginal canal, and in the lower two thirds of the vagina - from the urogenital sinus. In the 6-month-old fetuses there was detected the variability of the shape of the superior, middle and inferior third of the vagina, namely: oval (5 cases), elongated-oval (2 cases), stellate (1 case); in the lower third, the H-shaped form was predominantly found (6 fetuses). The proliferation of the hymen membrane occurs in fetuses of 220.0-245.0 mm of CRL. The absence of timely proliferation of the hymen membrane can lead to its atresia, and its premature proliferation causes the appearance of transverse vaginal septa.

Enormous pollution of the environment exacerbates the parasitic situation, which stipulates its urgency. Objective – to generalize medical and biological problems of helminthiasis and to determine the main directions of the disease prevention and treatment. The problem of helminthiasis spread, mechanisms of parasite infection were considered,information concerning parasite development cycles and life expectancy of helminths in the human body were generalized, the impact on the human body and changes in organs and tissues that occur in helminthiasis were determined, peculiarity of the clinical manifestations and disease diagnosis were indicated at, specific features of preventive measures with enterobiosis and the main causes of high incidence of helminthiasis were determined. Conclusion. Development and implementation of a modern strategy of parasitic control, the use of the latest detection methods, timely diagnosis and treatment of patients with helminthiasis and prevention of helminthiasis are the main tasks to ensure the safety of the human life.

The study of age and individual anatomical variability of vagus nerves and their branches in different age periods of human ontogenesis causes interest among both morphologists and doctors of different specialties. The aim of the study. To find out the topography of the cervical and thoracic divisions of the vagus nerves in human fetuses aged from 4th to 10th gestational months. Materials and methods. The research was conducted on 75 preparations of human fetuses ranging from 81.0 to375.0 mm in parietal-coccygeal length (PCL) using methods of macro-microscopic dissection and morphometry. Results. In human fetuses, the left vagus nerve is placed anteriorly to the left subclavian artery, then on the lateral surface of the Botallo’s arterial duct and the aortic arch. In the neck region, the superior cardiac branch departs from the left vagus nerve and goes to the anterior surface of the left common carotid artery. In the inferior part of the left common carotid artery, the superior cardiac branch gives off two branches: the middle one reaches the aortic arch wall, and the lateral one runs along the anterior surface of the left common carotid artery. The left recurrent laryngeal nerve departs from the left vagus nerve at the level of the inferior border of the aortic arch. The right vagus nerve passes from the right subclavian artery anteriorly and gives rise to the right recurrent laryngeal nerve, which continues inferiorly and posteriorly around the subclavian artery. The superior cardiac branch originates from the right vagus nerve at the level of the inferior border of the thyroid gland. The inferior cardiac branch departs inferiorly and medially from the right laryngeal nerve and is located on the right anterolateral surface of the trachea. Conclusions. During the fetal period of human ontogenesis, age and individual anatomical variations of the branches of the cervical and thoracic vagus nerves is observed, which is manifested by the variability of the structure, asymmetry of the topography of the recurrent laryngeal nerves, bronchial, esophageal and cardiac branches. The left recurrent laryngeal nerve departs from the left vagus nerve at the level of the inferior border of the aortic arch, the right recurrent laryngeal nerve departs from the right vagus nerve at the level of the right subclavian artery. The esophageal nervous plexus is formed by esophageal branches of the vagus nerves, which then forms mainly the posterior vagal trunk. The anterior vagal trunk is a direct continuation of the left vagus nerve branches. The innervation of the aortic arch involves the common cardiac trunk, which is formed by the superior cardiac branch and the superior cardiac nerve and also anastomoses both with vagus nerve and with recurrent laryngeal nerves.

The N-glycosylation of human immunoglobulins, especially IgGs, plays a critical role in determining affinity of IgGs towards their effector (pro- and anti-inflammatory) receptors. However, it is still not clear whether altered glycosylation is involved in only antibody-dependent disorders like seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or also in pathologies with similar clinical manifestations, but no specific autoantibodies like seronegative RA. The clarification of that uncertainty was the aim of the current study. Another study aim was the detection of specific glycan forms responsible for altered exposure of native glycoepitopes. We studied sera from seropositive RA (n = 15) and seronegative RA (n = 12) patients for exposure of glycans in native IgG molecules, followed by determination of specific glycans by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescent detection (CE-LIF). Aged-matched groups of normal healthy donors (NHD) and samples of intravenous immunoglobulin IgG preparations (IVIG) served as controls. There was significantly stronger binding of Lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA) and Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL) lectins towards IgG from seropositive RA compared to seronegative RA or NHD. CE-LIF analysis revealed statistically significant increases in bisecting glycans FA2BG2 (p = .006) and FABG2S1 (p = .005) seropositive RA, accompanied by decrease of bisecting monogalactosylated glycan FA2(6)G1 (p = .074) and non-bisecting monosialylated glycan FA2(3)G1S1 (p = .055). The results suggest that seropositive RA is distinct from seronegative RA in terms of IgG glycan moieties, attributable to specific immunoglobulin molecules present in seropositive disease. These glycans were determined to be bisecting GlcNAc-bearing forms FA2BG2 and FABG2S1, and their appearance increased the availability of LCA and AAL lectin-binding sites in native IgG glycoepitopes.

Amblyopia holds the leading place in morbidity patterns and low vision in children. Its prevalence rate ranges from 2 to 5% [1]. Anisometropic amblyopia is one of the most compound amblyopia forms. The objective is to evaluate the efficacy of use of laser stimulation of retina and optic nerve in children with an anisometropic amblyopia. Application of scanning laser therapy resulted in change of the visual analyzer resolving power – the corrected visual acuity increased by 47% in patients with mild refractive amblyopia and by 31% - by patients with moderate degree. Also, the power of correcting glasses decreased, allowing to achieve maximum visual acuity by 29% and 12 % respectively. There was increase in accommodation reserves by 3.1 diopters and 1.8 diopters, respectively, as well as an improvement in 7-minute light sensitivity of photopic afferent system in patients with mild refractive amblyopia by 14.7% and with moderate degree – by 26.3%. There was an improvement of activity of fovea-cortical afferent system by 22% in patients with a mild degree and by 17% - in patients with moderate anisometropic amblyopia. The course of therapy resulted in the decrease in vascular tonic properties of anterior circulation (α/t) by 17%.

Introduction: The rapid development of perinatal gynecology requires from the anatomists comprehensive studies of the patterns of prenatal morphogenesis and the development of topographic and anatomical relationships of female reproductive organs in the human fetuses of different age groups. The aim: To study the development and formation of the vaginal topography in the prenatal period of human ontogenesis.Materials and methods: The study has been conducted based on 23 series of histological and topographic-anatomical sections of human prefetuses aged 9-12 weeks with 31.0-80.0 mm of crown-rump length (CRL) and 83 specimens of female human fetuses aged 4-9 months with 81.0-345.0 mm of CRL by means of a complex of adequate morphological methods of investigation.Results and conclusions: Vaginal formation occurs during the 9th week of embryogenesis (prefetuses of 31.0-41.0 mm of CRL) due to the fusion of two different embryonic structures: mesodermal paramesonephral ducts and endodermal urogenital sinus. In this case, the caudal regions of the paramesonephral ducts are transformed into the uterus and the superior two thirds of the vagina, and the inferior third of the vagina develops from the urogenital sinus. Common uterovaginal canal, divided into right and left cavities by mesenchymal septum, is formed in the female prefetuses of 38.0-43.0 mm of CRL due to the fusion of the caudal regions of the paramesonephral ducts in the area of the posterior wall of the urogenital sinus. Complete dissolving of the septum of the uterovaginal canal occurs in prefetuses of 55.0-58.0 mm of CRL. The anterior and posterior vaginal vaults of the same depth are formed in 5-month-old fetuses. Canalization of vagina in the caudo-cranial direction is observed in the fetuses of 170.0-185.0 mm of CRL, with no clear boundary between the uterovaginal canal and the urogenital sinus. The vaginal epithelium in the upper third part originates from the uterovaginal canal, and in the lower two thirds of the vagina - from the urogenital sinus. In the 6-month-old fetuses there was detected the variability of the shape of the superior, middle and inferior third of the vagina, namely: oval (5 cases), elongated-oval (2 cases), stellate (1 case); in the lower third, the H-shaped form was predominantly found (6 fetuses). The proliferation of the hymen membrane occurs in fetuses of 220.0-245.0 mm of CRL. The absence of timely proliferation of the hymen membrane can lead to its atresia, and its premature proliferation causes the appearance of transverse vaginal septa.

Мета роботи – вивчити та оцінити ефективність впливу терапії інтерфероном β-1b (ІФН) на рівень і патологічну природу імуноглобулінів IgG у хворих на розсіяний склероз (РС).Матеріали та методи. Робота присвячена проблемі розсіяного склерозу та інших демієлінізувальних захворювань. Критерії залучення пацієнтів: вік від 18 до 65 років, а також вірогідний РС згідно з критеріями МакДональда (2010). У дослідженні взяли участь 32 особи, які хворі на розсіяний склероз, і 23 практично здорові особи. Після отримання письмової згоди пацієнта здійснювали забір периферичної крові з вени з використанням вакуумної системи Vacuette та виділяли сироватку для визначення антитіл до основного білка мієліну (ОБМ) і виявлення глікозилювання імуноглобулінів за допомогою лектин-імуноферментного аналізу.Результати. Встановили підвищений вміст анти-ОБМ антитіл класу IgG та IgM антитіл у нелікованих хворих на РС порівняно зі здоровими. У групі хворих, які отримували терапію ІФН, спостерігали вищий рівень експонування антизапальних сіалових залишків на молекулах IgG й асоційованих нативних імунних комплексах, а також посилене експонування фукозильованих корових триманозидних залишків на молекулах IgG та асоційованих нативних імунних комплексах порівняно з нелікованими пацієнтами.Висновки. Сироватки крові хворих на РС, які отримували лікування ІФН, характеризувалися пониженим рівнем антитіл до основного білка мієліну класів IgG та IgM і посиленим експонуванням термінальних залишків сіалових кислот на молекулах IgG та IgM порівняно з нелікованими хворими. Логічно припустити, що терапія ІФН може призводити по появи нативних імунних комплексів молекул IgG, що мають антизапальні властивості, та/чи до зменшення рівня патологічних автоантитіл класів IgG та IgM до компонентів нервової системи, як це показано для анти-ОБМ автоантитіл., Aim: to study and evaluate the interferon β-1b (INF) therapy efficiency on the level and abnormal nature of immunoglobulin G in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).Materials and methods. This scientific work was performed at the Neurology Department and the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology of theLvivNationalMedicalUniversity named after Danylo Halytsky and in theLvivRegionalResearchCenter for the Study of Multiple Sclerosis and Other Demyelinating Diseases on the basis of theLvivRegionalClinicalHospital. The inclusion criteria for patients were age between 18 and 65 years as well as definite diagnosis of MS according to McDonald Diagnostic Criteria for MS (2010).32 patients with MS and 23 practically healthy persons were enrolled in the study. After a written informed consent obtaining from the patient there was a peripheral venous blood sampling using a blood-collection tube system Vacuette. Serum samples were prepared for antibodies to myelin basic protein (MBP) determination and identification of immunoglobulin glycosylation by means of lectin-immunoenzymatic assay.Results. Elevated levels of anti-MBP IgG and IgM in the treatment-naive MS patients were determined in comparison with the healthy persons. At the same time, higher exposure of anti-inflammatory sialic acid residues on IgG molecules and associated native immune complexes were observed in the group of patients who received INF therapy as well as higher exposure of fucosylated tri-mannose residues on measles IgG molecules and associated native immune complexes in comparison with the untreated patients.Conclusions: The blood serum of MS patients who received INF therapy were characterized by lower levels of IgG and IgM antibodies to MBP and higher exposure of sialic acid terminal residues on IgG and IgM molecules in comparison with the untreated patients. It is reasonable to assume that INF therapy could lead to anti-inflammatory native IgG complexes formation and / or decrease in IgG and IgM autoantibodies against the nervous system components, as it has been shown for autoantibodies to MBP., Цель работы – изучить и оценить эффективность терапии интерфероном β-1b (ИФН) на уровень и патологическую природу иммуноглобулинов IgG у больных рассеянным склерозом (РС).Материалы и методы. Работа посвящена проблеме рассеянного склероза и других демиелинизирующих заболеваний. Критерии включения пациентов: возраст от 18 до 65 лет, а также достоверный РС согласно критериям МакДональда (2010). В исследовании приняли участие 32 больных рассеянным склерозом и 23 практически здоровых человека. После получения письменного согласия пациента осуществляли забор периферической крови из вены с использованием вакуумной системы Vacuette и выделяли сыворотку для определения антител к основному белку миелина (ОБМ) и определения гликозилирования иммуноглобулинов с помощью лектин-иммуноферментного анализа.Результаты. Установлено повышенное содержание анти-ОБМ антител класса IgG и IgM антител у нелеченных больных РС по сравнению со здоровыми. В группе больных, получивших терапию ИФН, отмечен более высокий уровень экспонирования антивоспалительных сиаловых остатков на молекулах IgG и ассоциированных нативных иммунных комплексах, а также усиленное экспонирование фукозилированых коревых триманозидних остатков на молекулах IgG и ассоциированных нативных иммунных комплексах в сравнении с пациентами без терапии.Выводы. Сыворотки крови больных РС, которые получили терапию ИФН, характеризовались сниженным уровнем антител к основному белку миелина классов IgG и IgM и усиленным экспонированием терминальных остатков сиаловых кислот на молекулах IgG и IgM в сравнении с нелеченными больными. Логично предположить, что терапия ИФН может вызывать появление нативных иммунных комплексов молекул IgG, обладающих антивоспалительными свойствами и/или к уменьшению уровня патологических аутоантител классов IgG и IgM к компонентам нервной системы, как показано для анти-ОБМ аутоантител.

During NET formation, the content of neutrophils granules is released into the intercellular milieu. Consisting of many proteases and ROS species, formed NETs were shown to degrade cytokines (Schauer, Nat Med, 2014); while the content of neutrophil's azurophilic granules proved to contain glycosidases, secreted upon activation (Thaysen-Andersen, JBC, 2015), and formation of autoantibodies to neutrophil beta-glucoronidase was connected with the level of anti-MPO antibodies (Ab) (Martensson, Autoimmunity, 1992). Taking into account these facts, we aimed to investigate the possibility of NET-related changes in glycan composition on circulating IgG molecules and IgG-IgM immune complexes in multiple sclerosis (MS). This autoimmune disorder still has no reliable detection markers or established ways of treatment, besides widely accepted interferon therapy, making it a particularly interesting clinical condition. By applying capture lectin-ELISA, we analysed binding of α2,6 sialyl-specific lectins SNA, PSqL, and core α1,6-fucose specific lectin AAL to circulating IgG and related complexes in five groups of MS patients: untreated (17 persons); undergoing therapy with interferon (IFN) β-1 b (15 persons), corticosteroids (methylprednisolone) (12 persons) and anti-B-cell monoclonal Ab (12 persons: Ocrelizumab, 6 persons and alemtuzumab, 6 persons). A group of 23 healthy donors served as control. Significant increase in neutrophil elastase activity, observed in the group of patients under corticosteroid treatment was also accompanied by sialyl-specific PSqL and SNA lectin binding to captured IgG molecules. Subsequent analysis demonstrated that sialic acid residues were exposed on free IgG and on circulating IgG-IgM immune complexes. Increased lectin binding was not observed for anti-myelin basic protein (one of the major autoAb in MS) Ab compared to total serum Ab. IFN therapy was accompanied by low neutrophil elastase activity and low amount of circulating immune complexes. Incubation of in vitro generated NETs with human serum revealed the digestion of high-molecular weight immune complexes with subsequent exposure of hidden glycoepitops. Obtained data indicate the potential of neutrophil-derived proteases to modify (partially degrade) circulating immune complexes leading to exposure of internal glycoepitops.

Hierarchical alumosilicate BEA zeolites with aggregated nanoparticle morphology and MOR zeolites with nanolayer morphology possess high concentrations of Bronsted and Lewis acid sites localized on the rather well-developed mesopore surface. The hydrogen forms of the starting BEA and MOR zeolites as well as their analogs modified by indium oxide display catalytic activity in the combined reduction of N 2 O and NO by propylene.

The article presents the findings concerning laser fluorescence as a method of early diagnosis of lesions of the renal epithelial tissue of laboratory animals in modeling experimental diabetes., Статья представляет данные, касающиеся лазерной флуоресценции, как метода ранней диагностики поражения эпителиальных тканей почек лабораторных животных при моделировании экспериментального сахарного диабета., У статті наведено можливості лазерної флуоресценції як методу ранньої діагностики ураження епітеліальної тканини нирок лабораторних тварин при моделюванні експериментального цукрового діабету.

Among the studied (Pd), Co-, Ce-, Zr-oxide catalysts including catalysts deposited on structured cordierite support, the catalyst prepared by co-deposition of ceria and cobalt oxide is characterized by higher activity in reaction of reduction of nitrogen(I), (II) oxides (CO + NO, N2O + NO + CO) compared with samples prepared by successive deposition. This may be caused by an increase in both mobility of surface oxygen and dispersity of components in the catalytic composition.

У роботі наведені дані щодо будови, технічних характеристик, електронної схеми живлення і стабілізації заданих температур у межах 0,1С о , вказані границі термостатування, обгрунтована оригінальність конструкції та переваг моделі в порівнянні з існуючим приладдям такого призначення. Подано детальну інструкцію по експлуатації мінітермостата-стерилізатора. Приведені основні напрямки його використання в біохімії, імунології, біології та медицині.

The system of rating evaluation of academic staff and departments in the Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine “Bukovinian State Medical University” under the monitoring of proper quality of scientific-pedagogical staff is covered. The most significant indicators of activity among the major areas of work are defined; the advantages of remote rating report submission are proved.

Co- and Ag-containing catalysts on structured supports were investigated for use in DeNO x processes, in particular, in the process of combined reduction of N 2 O and NO with carbon monoxide and in selective catalytic reduction of NO with C 2 and C 4 alcohols. It was shown that doping of cobalt–cerium–zirconium oxide with 0.1 wt.% of Pd significantly lowers the temperature for achieving high conversions of N 2 O and NO (up to 200–300 °C) in a reaction mixture containing N 2 O, NO, CO and O 2 . The activity of Ag/Al 2 O 3 /cordierite catalysts in the selective reduction of nitrogen oxides by ethanol and butanol rises with increasing of Al 2 O 3 loading and depends on the optimal silver content added. Silver is associated with the regulation of redox and acid–base properties of the catalyst surface.

The ways of solving the problem of using modern information and communication technologies at different stages of project activity of students are outlined. The specific feature of the professional activity of craft and technology teachers enables the use of modern communication tools at different stages of creative projects, combining technical means with the latest educational technologies. The methodical features of ICT application during information search, project development, evaluation and self-evaluation are highlighted. The variants of expedient application of public computer programs and means of communication with the purpose to increase the professionalism of projects execution by students, optimization of feedback between the teacher and subjects of training, innovative approach in the implementation of complex tasks are offered.The mastery of instrumental artistic and technical software should become a base for the methodical system of teaching at the Pedagogical University. They form the basis of information technology and artistic and graphic competence of future technology teachers and is the basis for the development of the person's ability to professional activity, allowing the future teacher of technology to professionally use the mastered computer resources in pedagogical and artistic and creative activities. It has been proved that the training of future technology teachers is effective on the basis of ICT (programming language, ready-made software products, Microsoft Office software package, cloud services, Internet resources, WEB-site), implemented in the educational process of special (designing and modeling of clothing, design of clothing ) and psychological and pedagogical (the method of profile education, the theory and methodology of teaching technology, the method of educational work) disciplines.

The introduction of 0.1 mass % palladium into cobalt–cerium–zirconium oxide composites significantly enhances their activity in the reduction of N2O and NO by carbon monoxide in the presence of oxygen. The temperatures for reaching high conversion of these nitrogen oxides (99 % for NO and up to 85 % for N2O) do not exceed 200-300 °C. Efficient catalysts were prepared using the most active compositions on cordierite block supports with honeycomb structure.