Search

The article is dedicated to recent climate changes, their consequences, damage to the economy, and ways to adapt to climate changes. The article also included information about global warming. It is revealed that the number of hot spring-summer days in Azerbaijan periodically increases, and the number of cold autumn-winter days relatively decreases. In plain areas of the country — in areas where agriculture is more developed, drought prevails. Average annual temperature on plains and foothills is higher than in mountain areas. The eternal ice and snow cover, located on the peaks of the mountains of the Greater and Lesser Caucasus, are melting and their area is shrinking.

Within the limits of a century-long weakly positive trend of air temperature in the surface layer, periods of increased and decreased values of temperature, precipitation, air humidity, evaporation, water balance and moisture coefficient of the average for the year and individual seasons are highlighted. For this purpose, absolute and cumulative deviation values of characteristics are used. The results show, that the forecast of an acceleration of the rate of warming in the twenty-first century proved to be correct. The last cycle, which began in 2010-2012, is characterized by the most rapid increase in climate factors, that exacerbate the negative water balance in comparison with previous periods. This leads to the drying up of the Turaly lakes located on the southern side of the Makhachkala-Caspian agglomeration. The obtained results call into question the possibility and feasibility of using dry estuaries as water bodies for fish farming.

The paper proposes a uniform approach to formalization of image processing, analysis, and recognition problems. The properties of a family of local algorithms are considered.

A new approach is proposed to image processing, analysis, and recognition problems which leads to unambiguous description and synthesis of appropriate algorithms. The synthesis technique produces existing algorithms as well as new algorithms not previously described.