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1. Obesity interferes with the orosensory detection of long-chain fatty acids in humans

Author

Géraldine Enderli, Déborah Ancel, Michael Chevrot, Isabelle Robin, Sylvie Issanchou, Arnaud Bernard, Bruno Vergès, Patricia Passilly-Degrace, Philippe Besnard, Marlène Gomes, Sophie Nicklaus, Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox) (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 7) ( NUTox ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Supported by the Burgundy Council and Centre National Interprofessionnel de l'Economie Laitie're (HumanFATaste program, to PB). MC is a PhD fellow of the HumanFATaste program., Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox) (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 7) (NUTox), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Bernard, Arnaud, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Male, obesity, Chemical Phenomena, MESH : Insulin, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Cholesterol, VLDL, Medicine (miscellaneous), MESH: Food Habits, Stimulation, MESH: Energy Intake, MESH : Taste, MESH : Fasting, Body Mass Index, chemistry.chemical_compound, MESH: Cholesterol, VLDL, MESH: Diet Records, Insulin, MESH: Obesity, MESH : Physicochemical Phenomena, Completely randomized design, MESH : Food Habits, Cross-Over Studies, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH : Food Preferences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Fasting, Middle Aged, Diet Records, MESH : Triglycerides, Sensory Thresholds, Taste, MESH : Obesity, MESH: Triglycerides, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH : Male, Linoleic acid, MESH: Fasting, MESH: Insulin, MESH: Cross-Over Studies, MESH: Body Mass Index, Linoleic Acid, MESH : Diet Records, Food Preferences, BMI, MESH : Linoleic Acid, Internal medicine, Autonomic reflex, medicine, Humans, MESH : Middle Aged, human, MESH: Food Preferences, Triglycerides, MESH : Cholesterol, VLDL, MESH: Linoleic Acid, MESH: Humans, Cholesterol, business.industry, MESH : Humans, MESH : Energy Intake, Feeding Behavior, MESH : Blood Glucose, MESH : Cross-Over Studies, medicine.disease, Crossover study, Obesity, MESH: Male, fat taste, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, MESH: Physicochemical Phenomena, MESH : Body Mass Index, Endocrinology, chemistry, MESH: Blood Glucose, MESH: Taste, food preference, MESH: Sensory Thresholds, Energy Intake, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Body mass index, MESH : Sensory Thresholds
Abstract

Background: The association between the orosensory detection of lipids, preference for fatty foods, and body mass index (BMI; in kg/m 2 ) is controversial in humans. Objective: We explored the oral lipid-sensing system and the orosensory-induced autonomic reflex system in lean and obese subjects. Design: Lean (BMI: 19 to ,25; n = 30) and obese (BMI .30; n = 29) age-matched men were enrolled. Their oral threshold sensitivity to linoleic acid (LA) was determined by using a 3-alternative forced-choice ascending procedure, and their eating habits were established by the analysis of 4 consecutive 24-h food-consumption diaries. The effect of brief oral lipid stimulations on plasma triglyceride [(TG)pl] concentrations was analyzed in overnight-fasted lean and obese individuals subjected to a whole-mouth stimulation (sipand-spit procedure) with a control or 1% LA emulsions for 5 min according to a within-subject randomized design. Results: A large distribution of LA detection was shown in both groups. Mean detection thresholds were 0.053% (wt:wt) and 0.071% (wt:wt) in lean and obese subjects, respectively. No relation between the LA detection threshold and BMI was observed. The 5 subjects who detected only the higher concentration of LA (5% wt: wt) or were unable to distinguish properly between control and LA emulsions were obese. An analysis of dietary habits showed that these obese LA nontasters consumed more lipids and energy than did all other subjects. Brief whole-mouth stimulations (sip-and-spit procedure) with a control or 1% LA emulsion revealed an LAmediated rise in (TG)pl concentrations in overnight-fasted, lean subjects. The origin of this change seemed to be hepatic. This (TG)pl upregulation was not shown in obese subjects, which suggested that obesity led to disturbances in the oral-brainstem-periphery loop. Conclusion: Altogether, these data strongly suggest that obesity may interfere with the orosensory system responsible for the detection of free long-chain fatty acids in humans. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02028975. Am J Clin Nutr doi: 10. 3945/ajcn.113.077198.

Published
2014
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2. Food Intake Adaptation to Dietary Fat Involves PSA-Dependent Rewiring of the Arcuate Melanocortin System in Mice

Author

Christophe Guissard, Cecile Hryhorczuk, Caroline Rigault, André Colom, Emmanuelle Nédélec, Luc Pénicaud, Anne Lorsignol, Claude Knauf, Philippe Valet, Alexandra Gouazé, Xavier Fioramonti, Alexandre Benani, Rita Gerardy-Schahn, Alice Krezymon, Thibaut Duparc, Aleth Lemoine, Xavier Brenachot, Jean Gascuel, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires ( I2MC ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Hôpital de Rangueil-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale [Toulouse] ( CRCA ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), STROMALab, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement Français du Sang-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Etablissement Français du Sang-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CNRS, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-05-PNRA-004], Burgundy county [FABER-2009-9201-AAO036S00635], Association Francaise d'Etudes et de Recherches sur l'Obesite, and Institut B. Delessert

Subjects
Male, MESH: Signal Transduction, Pro-Opiomelanocortin, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, SYNAPTIC INPUT ORGANIZATION, MESH: Energy Intake, Weight Gain, MESH: Mice, Knockout, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH : Sialic Acids, NPY/AGRP NEURONS, MESH: Pro-Opiomelanocortin, MESH: Animals, MESH : Neuronal Plasticity, MESH: Neuronal Plasticity, PLASTICITY, MESH : Pro-Opiomelanocortin, MESH : Adaptation, Physiological, Mice, Knockout, FEEDING CIRCUITS, MESH : Organ Culture Techniques, INSULIN-RESISTANCE, 0303 health sciences, Neuronal Plasticity, POLYSIALIC ACID, General Neuroscience, Leptin, MESH: Energy Metabolism, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, INDUCED OBESITY, MESH : Sialyltransferases, MESH : Weight Gain, Articles, Adaptation, Physiological, MESH : Mice, Transgenic, BODY-WEIGHT, MESH: Dietary Fats, Hypothalamus, CELL-ADHESION MOLECULE, MESH: Weight Gain, Ghrelin, ENERGY-BALANCE, Melanocortin, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, Signal Transduction, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Mice, Transgenic, MESH : Male, MESH: Sialyltransferases, MESH: Arcuate Nucleus, Mice, Transgenic, MESH : Mice, Inbred C57BL, Biology, MESH : Arcuate Nucleus, MESH: Sialic Acids, 03 medical and health sciences, Organ Culture Techniques, Insulin resistance, MESH: Mice, Inbred C57BL, Arcuate nucleus, Internal medicine, MESH : Mice, medicine, Animals, MESH: Mice, 030304 developmental biology, MESH : Signal Transduction, Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus, MESH : Energy Intake, medicine.disease, Dietary Fats, MESH: Adaptation, Physiological, Sialyltransferases, MESH: Organ Culture Techniques, MESH: Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, MESH : Energy Metabolism, Endocrinology, MESH: Nerve Net, Sialic Acids, MESH : Nerve Net, MESH : Mice, Knockout, MESH : Animals, Nerve Net, Energy Intake, Energy Metabolism, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, MESH : Dietary Fats, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Homeostasis, Hormone
Abstract

International audience; Hormones such as leptin and ghrelin can rapidly rewire hypothalamic feeding circuits when injected into rodent brains. These experimental manipulations suggest that the hypothalamus might reorganize continually in adulthood to integrate the metabolic status of the whole body. In this study, we examined whether hypothalamic plasticity occurs in naive animals according to their nutritional conditions. For this purpose, we fed mice with a short-term high-fat diet (HFD) and assessed brain remodeling through its molecular and functional signature. We found that HFD for 3 d rewired the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, increasing the anorexigenic tone due to activated pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons. We identified the polysialic acid molecule (PSA) as a mediator of the diet-induced rewiring of arcuate POMC. Moreover, local pharmacological inhibition and genetic disruption of the PSA signaling limits the behavioral and metabolic adaptation to HFD, as treated mice failed to normalize energy intake and showed increased body weight gain after the HFD challenge. Altogether, these findings reveal the existence of physiological hypothalamic rewiring involved in the homeostatic response to dietary fat. Furthermore, defects in the hypothalamic plasticity-driven adaptive response to HFD are obesogenic and could be involved in the development of metabolic diseases.

Published
2012
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3. Monotonous consumption of fibre-enriched bread at breakfast increases satiety and influences subsequent food intake

Author

Sylvie Issanchou, Aude Gagnaire, Laurent Brondel, Claire Sulmont-Rossé, Peio Touyarou, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
Dietary Fiber, Male, Food intake, Hunger, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, MESH: Energy Intake, MESH: Eating, Eating, 0302 clinical medicine, Weight loss, MESH: Food, Fortified, MESH : Female, Food science, General Psychology, Mathematics, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, MESH : Food Preferences, Cross-Over Studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, food and beverages, Bread, MESH : Adult, MESH: Hunger, Food, Fortified, Female, MESH : Food, Fortified, medicine.symptom, Adult, MESH : Eating, MESH : Male, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Satiation, MESH: Cross-Over Studies, MESH: Bread, Food Preferences, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH : Hunger, Decreased energy, medicine, Humans, MESH: Food Preferences, Consumption (economics), MESH: Humans, MESH: Satiation, MESH : Humans, Dietary fibre, MESH : Energy Intake, MESH: Adult, MESH : Cross-Over Studies, MESH: Male, Normal weight, MESH: Dietary Fiber, MESH : Dietary Fiber, Energy Intake, MESH : Bread, MESH: Female, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, MESH : Satiation
Abstract

Research report; International audience; This study aimed to observe the influence of the monotonous consumption of two types of fibre-enriched bread at breakfast on hedonic liking for the bread, subsequent hunger and energy intake. Two groups of unrestrained normal weight participants were given either white sandwich bread (WS) or multigrain sandwich bread (MG) at breakfast (the sensory properties of the WS were more similar to the usual bread eaten by the participants than those of the MG). In each group, two 15-day cross-over conditions were set up. During the experimental condition the usual breakfast of each participant was replaced by an isocaloric portion of plain bread (WS or MG). During the control condition, participants consumed only 10 g of the corresponding bread and completed their breakfast with other foods they wanted. The results showed that bread appreciation did not change over exposure even in the experimental condition. Hunger was lower in the experimental condition than in the control condition. The consumption of WS decreased energy intake while the consumption of MG did not in the experimental condition compared to the corresponding control one. In conclusion, a monotonous breakfast composed solely of a fibre-enriched bread may decrease subsequent hunger and, when similar to a familiar bread, food intake.

Published
2012
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4. Orofacial reactivity to the sight and smell of food stimuli. Evidence for anticipatory liking related to food reward cues in overweight children

Author

Marie Gaillet, Véronique Boulanger, Robert Soussignan, Benoist Schaal, Tao Jiang, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Mécanique de Lille - FRE 3723 (LML), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centrale Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Regional Council of Burgundy [PARI], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Mécanique de Lille - FRE 3723 ( LML ), and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
Male, MESH: Facial Expression, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, MESH : Vision, Ocular, MESH : Overweight, MESH: Energy Intake, Overweight, eating behavior, Developmental psychology, Body Mass Index, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH : Child, MESH: Child, MESH: Smell, MESH : Female, Overeating, Reactivity (psychology), Child, General Psychology, 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, MESH : Food Preferences, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, MESH : Feeding Behavior, Anticipation, MESH : Hyperphagia, Facial Expression, Smell, Categorization, MESH: Feeding Behavior, Female, sensory cue, MESH: Hyperphagia, medicine.symptom, MESH : Food, Psychology, Social psychology, MESH: Food, hedonic, MESH: Anticipation, Psychological, MESH : Male, overweight child, reward sensitivity, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, pleasure, Hyperphagia, Satiation, MESH : Facial Expression, facial reactivity, MESH: Body Mass Index, 03 medical and health sciences, Food Preferences, Reward, medicine, Humans, MESH: Vision, Ocular, MESH: Overweight, MESH: Food Preferences, Sensory cue, Vision, Ocular, MESH : Anticipation, Psychological, MESH: Reward, Facial expression, MESH: Humans, MESH: Satiation, MESH : Humans, MESH : Energy Intake, Feeding Behavior, medicine.disease, Anticipation, Psychological, Obesity, MESH: Male, bmi, MESH : Body Mass Index, Food, food liking, MESH : Smell, MESH : Reward, Energy Intake, MESH: Female, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, MESH : Satiation
Abstract

International audience; Whether food liking may be a risk factor of overconsumption and overweight/obesity remains a controversial issue. So far, most studies used subjective reports to assess consummatory behavior, approaches that might overlook subtle or implicit hedonic changes to sensory properties of foods. Therefore, we used a cue-exposure approach by recording different measures of hedonic processes (orofacial reactivity, self-rated pleasantness, food preference) in 6-11 years old overweight (n=20) and normal-weight (n=20) children. Children were exposed to the smell and sight of high and low-energy density food stimuli and to non-food stimuli during pre- and post-prandial states. Their facial and verbal responses were videotaped and parent's reports of children's eating styles and appetitive traits were collected using the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ). Results showed that orofacial reactivity, as an objective measure of anticipatory liking, was more discriminative than self reports, with overweight children displaying more lip sucking than normal-weight children when exposed to high energy food pictures and to food odorants. Orofacial reactivity to food cues was also associated with BMI and children's eating styles (food responsiveness, emotional overeating, and desire to drink). Finally, overweight children classified more frequently non-food odorants as members of the food category during the pre-prandial state than during the post-prandial state, suggesting a possible influence of affective/motivational bias on odor categorization. Our findings suggest that orofacial responsiveness may be relevant to assess the sensitivity to energy-dense food reward cues in overweight children and for signaling, as an index of anticipatory liking, a potential risk for the development of overweight/obesity.

Published
2012
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5. Influence of substrate oxidation on the reward system, no role of dietary fibre

Author

Romain Despalins, Peio Touyarou, Sylvie Issanchou, Laurent Brondel, Claire Sulmont-Rossé, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
Dietary Fiber, Male, MESH: Oxidation-Reduction, MESH: Dietary Carbohydrates, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, satiety, Appetite, MESH: Food Habits, MESH: Energy Intake, Choice Behavior, MESH: Eating, Eating, Ingestion, MESH : Female, Food science, Palatability, MESH : Body Weight, General Psychology, MESH : Food Habits, media_common, Morning, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, MESH : Food Preferences, Nutrition and Dietetics, dietary fibre, 05 social sciences, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, MESH: Energy Metabolism, MESH : Feeding Behavior, Bread, MESH : Adult, MESH : Dietary Carbohydrates, reward system, MESH: Young Adult, MESH: Feeding Behavior, Female, Psychology, Oxidation-Reduction, food preferences, MESH : Appetite, Adult, MESH : Eating, MESH : Male, media_common.quotation_subject, MESH : Young Adult, Satiation, MESH: Choice Behavior, MESH: Bread, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Reward system, sensation de faim, MESH : Choice Behavior, Dietary Carbohydrates, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, MESH: Food Preferences, MESH : Oxidation-Reduction, MESH: Humans, MESH: Satiation, MESH : Humans, Body Weight, Dietary fibre, MESH : Energy Intake, MESH: Adult, Feeding Behavior, MESH: Male, MESH: Body Weight, MESH : Energy Metabolism, Respiratory quotient, MESH: Dietary Fiber, Energy density, MESH: Appetite, MESH : Dietary Fiber, Energy Intake, Energy Metabolism, MESH : Bread, metabolism, MESH: Female, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, MESH : Satiation
Abstract

International audience; It has been suggested that a high intake of dietary fibre helps regulate energy intake and satiety. The present study aimed to examine whether dietary fibre influenced the liking and wanting components of the food reward system, the metabolic state or subsequent intake. Five sessions involving 32 normal-weight subjects (16 men and 16 women, 30.6 ± 7.6 year) were held. The sessions differed in the composition of the bread eaten during breakfasts (dietary fibre content varied from 2.4 to 12.8 g/100 g). Several factors such as the palatability, weight, volume, energy content and macronutrient composition of the breakfasts were adjusted. Energy expenditure, the respiratory quotient (R), olfactory liking for four foods, wanting for six other foods, and hunger sensations were evaluated before and after the breakfast, as well as before a morning snack. The results showed no significant differences after ingestion of the various breads. Interestingly, R correlated with olfactory liking and with wanting, which highlights in an original manner the influence of the metabolic state on hedonic sensations for food. In conclusion, dietary fibre was found to have no effect on olfactory liking and wanting, and had no detectable effect on satiety sensations or on subsequent energy intake.

Published
2011
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6. Variations in circulating inflammatory factors are related to changes in calorie and carbohydrate intakes early in the course of surgery-induced weight reduction

Author

Karine Clément, Avner Bar-Hen, Michèle Guerre-Millo, Salwa W. Rizkalla, Meriem Abdennour, Carole Rovère, Elise Dalmas, Christine Poitou, Jean-Luc Bouillot, Christine Rouault, Jean-Louis Nahon, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S 872)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), R&D Departement, Echosens, Institut de pharmacologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IPMC), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), EHESP Biostat, École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Surgery Department, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôtel-Dieu, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Service de nutrition [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôtel-Dieu, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Nutrition [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Institut E3M [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ( CRC (UMR_S 872) ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de pharmacologie moléculaire et cellulaire ( IPMC ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] ( EHESP ), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôtel-Dieu

Subjects
MESH: Dietary Carbohydrates, Calorie, MESH : Cytokines, medicine.medical_treatment, Medicine (miscellaneous), MESH: Energy Intake, Systemic inflammation, Diabete, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH : Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Weight loss, MESH: Obesity, MESH : Female, Macrophage inflammatory protein, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Cytokines, Nutrition and Dietetics, MESH: Middle Aged, Acute-phase protein, MESH : Adult, MESH : Dietary Carbohydrates, Middle Aged, MESH : Gastric Bypass, Cytokine, Surgical Procedures, Operative, Cytokines, MESH : Obesity, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], medicine.symptom, MESH: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH : Surgical Procedures, Operative, Gastric Bypass, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Inflammation, MESH: Surgical Procedures, Operative, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Weight Loss, Diabetes mellitus, Weight Loss, medicine, Dietary Carbohydrates, Humans, MESH : Middle Aged, Obesity, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Gastric Bypass, MESH : Humans, MESH : Energy Intake, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, Surgery, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], MESH : Weight Loss, business, Energy Intake, MESH: Female
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND: Obesity is considered a low-grade inflammatory state that improves with weight loss. In addition to acute-phase proteins, other cytokines might contribute to systemic inflammation. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to compare serum concentrations of a large panel of inflammation-related factors in obese and normal-weight subjects and to determine kinetic changes induced by caloric restriction. DESIGN: The cohort comprised 14 normal-weight women and 51 obese women who were followed over 2 y after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Multiplexed proteomics were used to simultaneously assay 27 cytokines and growth factors in serum. RESULTS: Concentrations of interleukin (IL)-9, IL-1-receptor antagonist, IL-10, interferon-γ-inducible protein 10, macrophage inflammatory protein 1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, IL-8, RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted), monokine induced by interferon-γ, and vascular endothelial growth factor were found to be elevated in obesity. IL-10 was further elevated in diabetic obese patients, whereas eotaxin was found to be higher only in diabetic subjects. After surgery, many factors showed a biphasic pattern of variation, decreasing sharply at month 3 before rising back to presurgical values at month 6; these changes closely tracked similar kinetic changes in calorie and carbohydrate intake. After 1 y, an overall reduction in cytokines accompanied the reduction in body mass index and an amelioration in metabolic status. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity is associated with elevated circulating concentrations of a large panel of cytokines. Coordinated kinetic changes during weight loss suggest an early influence of calorie and carbohydrate intakes, whereas a longer-term reduction in corpulence might prevail in regulating circulating cytokine concentrations. This trial is registered at clincaltrials.gov as NCT00476658.

Published
2011
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7. Pleasure for visual and olfactory stimuli evoking energy-dense foods is decreased in anorexia nervosa

Author

Robert Soussignan, Benoist Schaal, Tao Jiang, Daniel Rigaud, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Mécanique de Lille - FRE 3723 (LML), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centrale Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Mécanique de Lille - FRE 3723 ( LML ), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille

Subjects
Pleasure, 050103 clinical psychology, MESH: Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Anorexia Nervosa, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, MESH : Photic Stimulation, MESH : Analysis of Variance, MESH: Energy Intake, Anorexia nervosa, Developmental psychology, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Smell, MESH : Female, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, MESH : Food Preferences, 05 social sciences, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, MESH : Adult, MESH : Odors, Smell, Psychiatry and Mental health, MESH: Photic Stimulation, MESH: Pleasure, MESH: Young Adult, MESH : Anorexia Nervosa, Female, medicine.symptom, MESH : Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, MESH : Food, Psychology, MESH: Anorexia Nervosa, MESH: Food, Adult, media_common.quotation_subject, MESH : Young Adult, MESH : Pleasure, Sensory system, Olfaction, Anorexia, Food Preferences, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Perception, MESH: Analysis of Variance, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, MESH: Food Preferences, Biological Psychiatry, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Analysis of Variance, MESH: Humans, MESH: Odors, MESH : Humans, Beck Depression Inventory, Anhedonia, MESH : Energy Intake, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Food, Odorants, MESH : Smell, Energy Intake, MESH: Female, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Photic Stimulation
Abstract

International audience; Although patients with anorexia nervosa have been suggested to be anhedonic, few experiments have directly measured their sensory pleasure for a range of food and non-food stimuli. This study aimed to examine whether restrictive anorexia nervosa (AN-R) patients displayed: i) a generalized decline in sensory pleasure or only in food-related sensory pleasure; ii) a modification of hedonic responses to food cues (liking) and of the desire to eat foods (wanting) as a function of their motivational state (hunger vs. satiety) and energy density of foods (high vs. low). Forty-six female participants (AN-R n=17; healthy controls (HC) n=29) reported before/after lunch their pleasure for pictures/odorants representing foods of different energy density and non-food objects. They also reported their desire to eat the foods evoked by the sensory stimuli, and completed the Physical Anhedonia Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory. AN-R and HC participants did not differ on liking ratings when exposed to low energy-density food or to non-food stimuli. The two groups also had similar physical anhedonia scores. However, compared to HC, AN-R reported lower liking ratings for high energy food pictures regardless of their motivational state. Olfactory pleasure was reduced only during the pre-prandial state in the AN-R group. The wanting ratings showed a distinct pattern since AN-R participants reported less desire to eat the foods representing both low and high energy densities, but the effect was restricted to the pre-prandial state. Taken together these results reflect more the influence of core symptoms in anorexia nervosa (fear of gaining weight) than an overall inability to experience pleasure.

Published
2010
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8. Physiological responses to chronic heat exposure in an aging non-human primate species, the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus)

Author

Philippe Zizzari, Stéphane Blanc, Jérémy Terrien, Fabienne Aujard, Jacques Epelbaum, Mécanismes adaptatifs : des organismes aux communautés (MAOAC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Mécanismes adaptatifs : des organismes aux communautés ( MAOAC ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie ( DEPE-IPHC ), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien ( IPHC ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences ( CPN - U894 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Collège de France (CdF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894)

Subjects
Male, Aging, MESH: Body Temperature, MESH: Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Lemur, MESH : Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, MESH : Drinking, non-human primate, MESH: Energy Intake, Biochemistry, Body Temperature, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, MESH : Locomotion, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Primate, MESH: Aging, MESH: Animals, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, MESH : Body Weight, photoperiodism, 0303 health sciences, biology, Mouse lemur, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], MESH: Energy Metabolism, Circadian Rhythm, MESH: Body Temperature Regulation, heat exposure, [ SDV.BID.EVO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, IGF-1, MESH: Cheirogaleidae, Cheirogaleidae, MESH: Drinking, Locomotion, Body Temperature Regulation, Hyperthermia, medicine.medical_specialty, Microcebus murinus, core temperature, MESH : Male, Photoperiod, MESH: Locomotion, Drinking, MESH: Photoperiod, 03 medical and health sciences, biology.animal, Internal medicine, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Circadian rhythm, MESH: Circadian Rhythm, water turnover, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, MESH : Body Temperature, MESH : Cheirogaleidae, Body Weight, MESH : Energy Intake, MESH : Circadian Rhythm, Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, MESH : Body Temperature Regulation, energy balance, MESH : Aging, MESH: Male, MESH: Body Weight, MESH : Energy Metabolism, MESH : Animals, Energy Intake, Energy Metabolism, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, MESH : Photoperiod
Abstract

International audience; Epidemiological evidence related to increased death from hyperthermia suggests higher frailty in the elderly when exposed to high ambient temperatures. Despite the recent awareness of such public health problems, integrative studies investigating the effects of age on the physiological responses to heat wave thermal conditions remain scarce. Daily rhythmicity of core temperature (T(c)) and locomotor activity (LA), as well as parameters representative of energy balance and IGF-1 levels which are involved in the aging process and stress resistance, were monitored in a non-human primate species, the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus). Adult and aged animals, acclimated to long days (LD) or short days (SD), were monitored during 8-day periods of exposure to 25 ° C and 34 ° C. Adult animals displayed efficient coping with heat exposure, regardless of the photoperiod. Hence, efficient responses resulted in decrease of energy intake, energy expenditure, IGF-1 levels and LA levels, promoting hyperthermia avoidance. Positive energy balance was maintained and water turnover did not change significantly after heat exposure. In contrast, while aged animals acclimated to LD responded similarly to adults, aged mouse lemurs acclimated to SD showed great difficulties coping with heat exposure. Indeed, in this group, normothermia impairment was associated with increased T(c) levels, alterations in daily rhythmicity, negative energy balance and increased IGF-1 levels. Impaired responses to heat exposure were seen in aged mouse lemurs acclimated to SD only. The main effects were observed during diurnal resting periods, suggesting decreased capacities with age to dissipate excess body heat. Taken together, these data highlight daily rhythmicity and IGF-1 pathway as main targets in the impaired response to heat exposure in the elderly.

Published
2010
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9. Acute partial sleep deprivation increases food intake in healthy men

Author

Laurent Brondel, Pauline M Nougues, Peio Touyarou, Michael Romer, Damien Davenne, Centre des Sciences du Goût (CSG), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur (FLAVIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Centre des Sciences du Goût ( CSG ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur ( FLAVIC ), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon ( ENESAD ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Centre Européen des Sciences du Goût (CESG), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France) and the Regional University Hospital of Caen, France

Subjects
Male, obesity, Hunger, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Medicine (miscellaneous), MESH: Energy Intake, Satiety Response, MESH: Eating, Eating, 0302 clinical medicine, body-weight regulation, reward, Sleep restriction, 2. Zero hunger, Nutrition and Dietetics, Cross-Over Studies, Leptin, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, MESH: Sleep Deprivation, MESH : Adult, Sleep in non-human animals, MESH: Hunger, MESH: Motor Activity, appetite, Before Breakfast, MESH: Young Adult, medicine.symptom, feeding-behavior, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH : Eating, Adolescent, MESH : Male, MESH : Young Adult, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Motor Activity, MESH: Cross-Over Studies, MESH : Satiety Response, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, MESH : Hunger, Internal medicine, MESH : Adolescent, medicine, Humans, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH : Sleep Deprivation, MESH : Humans, MESH : Energy Intake, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, MESH : Cross-Over Studies, Crossover study, Obesity, MESH: Male, sensory-specific satiety, Sleep deprivation, Endocrinology, Sleep Deprivation, MESH: Satiety Response, food preference, business, Energy Intake, Body mass index, MESH : Motor Activity, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND: Acute partial sleep deprivation increases plasma concentrations of ghrelin and decreases those of leptin. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to observe modifications in energy intake and physical activity after acute partial sleep deprivation in healthy men. DESIGN: Twelve men [age: 22 +/- 3 y; body mass index (in kg/m(2)): 22.30 +/- 1.83] completed a randomized 2-condition crossover study. During the first night of each 48-h session, subjects had either approximately 8 h (from midnight to 0800) or approximately 4 h (from 0200 to 0600) of sleep. All foods consumed subsequently (jam on buttered toast for breakfast, buffet for lunch, and a free menu for dinner) were eaten ad libitum. Physical activity was recorded by an actimeter. Feelings of hunger, perceived pleasantness of the foods, desire to eat some foods, and sensation of sleepiness were also evaluated. RESULTS: In comparison with the 8-h sleep session, subjects consumed 559 +/- 617 kcal (ie, 22%) more energy on the day after sleep restriction (P < 0.01), and preprandial hunger was higher before breakfast (P < 0.001) and dinner (P < 0.05). No change in the perceived pleasantness of the foods or in the desire to eat the foods was observed. Physical activity from 1215 to 2015 was higher after sleep restriction than after 8 h of sleep (P < 0.01), even though the sensation of sleepiness was more marked (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: One night of reduced sleep subsequently increased food intake and, to a lesser extent, estimated physical activity-related energy expenditure in healthy men. These experimental results, if confirmed by long-term energy balance measurements, suggest that sleep restriction could be a factor that promotes obesity. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00986492.

Published
2010
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10. Lipid oxidation in overweight men after exercise and food intake

Author

Cedric Moro, E. Garrigue, Laurent Brondel, François Crampes, Michel Berlan, Jean-Claude Guilland, Virginie Van Wymelbeke, Isabelle de Glisezinski, Daniel Rivière, Fabien Pillard, I. Harant, Service d'exploration de la fonction respiratoire et de médecine du sport, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Centre des Sciences du Goût (CSG), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of the Adaptation to Exercise, Service de médecine du sport, Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre des Sciences du Goût ( CSG ), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
Male, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, FATTY-ACID AVAILABILITY, MESH : Overweight, MESH: Energy Intake, Overweight, MESH: Lipid Peroxidation, Body Mass Index, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, MESH : Exercise, Blood plasma, POSTEXERCISE OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION, MESH: Oxygen Consumption, MESH : Oxygen Consumption, SUBSTRATE UTILIZATION, 2. Zero hunger, MESH : Lipid Peroxidation, Chemistry, MESH: Energy Metabolism, VO2 max, MESH : Adult, RECOVERY, medicine.symptom, MESH : Food, MESH: Calorimetry, Indirect, MESH: Food, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH : Male, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Physical exercise, METABOLISM, MESH: Body Mass Index, 03 medical and health sciences, Oxygen Consumption, Lipid oxidation, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, MESH: Overweight, Exercise, LOW-INTENSITY EXERCISE, MESH: Humans, Insulin, MESH : Humans, ENERGY-EXPENDITURE, MESH : Energy Intake, Calorimetry, Indirect, MESH: Adult, 030229 sport sciences, MESH: Male, Respiratory quotient, MESH : Energy Metabolism, BODY-MASS INDEX, MESH : Body Mass Index, Food, MESH: Exercise, ENDURANCE EXERCISE, Lipid Peroxidation, OBESE MEN, Energy Intake, Energy Metabolism, Body mass index, MESH : Calorimetry, Indirect, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

hal-00680938, v1; International audience; Fat oxidation (FO) is optimized during low- to moderate-intensity exercise in lean and obese subjects, whereas high-intensity exercise induces preferential FO during the recovery period. After food intake during the postexercise period, it is unknown if FO differs according to the intensity exercise in overweight subjects. Fat oxidation was thus evaluated in overweight men after low- and high-intensity exercise during the recovery period before and after food intake as well as during a control session. Ten healthy, sedentary, overweight men (age, 27.9 +/- 5.6 years; body mass index, 27.8 +/- 1.3 kg m(-2); maximal oxygen consumption, 37 +/- 3.9 mL min(-1) kg(-1)) exercised on a cycloergometer (energy expenditure = 300 kcal) at 35% (E35) or 70% (E70) maximal oxygen consumption or rested (Cont). The subjects were fed 30 minutes after the exercise with 300 kcal (1256 kJ) more energy in the exercise sessions than in the Cont session. Respiratory quotient and FO were calculated by indirect calorimetry. Blood samples were analyzed to measure plasma glycerol, nonesterified fatty acid, glucose, and insulin. During exercise, mean respiratory quotient was lower (P < .05) and FO was higher (P < .01) in the E35 than in the E70 session (FO [in mg min(-1)]: E35 = 290 +/- 12, E70 = 256 +/- 38, and Cont = 131 +/- 7). Conversely, FO was higher in the E70 than in both the E35 session and the Cont session during the immediate recovery as well as during the postprandial recovery period (P = .005 for all; FO from the end of the exercise to the end of the session [in grams]: E70 = 45.7 +/- 8.9, E35 = 38.2 +/- 6.8, and Cont = 36.0 +/- 4.3). Blood parameters did not differ between the 3 sessions but changed according to the absorption of the nutrients. In overweight subjects, high-intensity exercise increased FO during the postexercise period even after food intake compared with the low-intensity exercise and the control session.

Published
2010
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11. Adipose tissue transcriptome reflects variations between subjects with continued weight loss and subjects regaining weight 6 mo after caloric restriction independent of energy intake

Author

Adriana Márquez-Quiñones, Dominique Langin, Karine Clément, Wim H. M. Saris, Teodora Handjieva-Darlenska, Marion Combes, Ping Wang, Andreas Pfeiffer, Dimitris K. Babalis, David M. Mutch, Thomas Meinert Larsen, Susan A. Jebb, Claus Holst, Edwin C. M. Mariman, Hubert Vidal, Arne Astrup, Nathalie Viguerie, Pavla Kalouskova, Balbine Roussel, Cyrille Debard, J. Alfredo Martínez, Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil (I2MR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IFR150-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Santé Publique et Informatique Médicale (SPIM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Régulations métaboliques, nutrition et diabètes - UM55 (RMND UM55), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University [Maastricht], Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Department of Physiology and Nutrition, Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona] (UNAV), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Medical University, Obesity Management Centre, Institute of Endocrinology, Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Life Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Ile-de-France (CRNH-IDF), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G)-CETAF-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Biochimie [Purpan], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB) - Hôpital Purpan, Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], European Community [FP6-513946], Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Region Midi-Pyrenees, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)- Institut Fédératif de Recherche Bio-médicale Institution (IFR150)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G)-CETAF-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Biochimie [CHU Toulouse], Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Pôle Biologie [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Simon, Marie Francoise, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées- Institut Fédératif de Recherche Bio-médicale Institution (IFR150)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil ( I2MR ), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IFR150-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire de Santé Publique et Informatique Médicale ( SPIM ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Régulations métaboliques, nutrition et diabètes - UM55 ( RMND UM55 ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona] ( UNAV ), Charité Universitäts Medizin Berlin, University of Copenhagen ( KU ), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Ile-de-France ( CRNH-IDF ), Université Paris 13 ( UP13 ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] ( CNAM ) -Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon ( INA P-G ) -CETAF-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin / Charite - University Medicine Berlin, Université Paris 13 (UP13)-CETAF-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Humane Biologie, RS: NUTRIM - R4 - Gene-environment interaction, and RS: NUTRIM - R1 - Metabolic Syndrome

Subjects
MESH: Treatment Failure, Blood Pressure, MESH: Energy Intake, Transcriptome, 0302 clinical medicine, HIGH-PROTEIN, Models, MESH: Models, Genetic, GENE-EXPRESSION, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, MESH: Treatment Outcome, 0303 health sciences, MACRONUTRIENT, Reducing, MESH : Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH: Blood Pressure, MESH: Follow-Up Studies, LOW-FAT, Gene expression profiling, 3. Good health, MESH : Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Adipose Tissue, MESH: Adipose Tissue, medicine.medical_specialty, Diet, Reducing, LOSS MAINTENANCE, MESH : Adipose Tissue, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Gene Expression Profiling, MESH: Weight Loss, MESH : Treatment Failure, Genetic, Humans, [ SDV.BBM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, MESH: Humans, MESH : Gene Expression Profiling, MESH : Humans, MESH : Follow-Up Studies, MESH: Adult, Anthropometry, medicine.disease, Obesity, Endocrinology, MICROARRAY DATA, Energy intake, MESH: Female, Calorie, Time Factors, Medicine (miscellaneous), Adipose tissue, MESH : Models, Genetic, HUMAN OBESITY, Weight loss, MESH: Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH : RNA, MESH: Obesity, MESH : Female, Treatment Failure, MESH : Diet, Reducing, 2. Zero hunger, MESH: Diet, Reducing, Nutrition and Dietetics, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH : Adult, ADIPOCYTES, Glycemic index, Treatment Outcome, MESH : Obesity, Female, medicine.symptom, Dieting, MESH : Time Factors, Adult, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, MESH : Treatment Outcome, Biology, DiOGenes, MESH: RNA, Internal medicine, Weight Loss, medicine, MESH : Blood Pressure, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, LOSS DIETS, Models, Genetic, Gene Expression Profiling, MESH: Time Factors, MESH : Energy Intake, Diet, MESH: Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, GLYCEMIC INDEX, RNA, MESH : Weight Loss, Energy Intake, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Background: The mechanisms underlying body weight evolution after diet-induced weight loss are poorly understood. Objective: We aimed to identify and characterize differences in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) transcriptome of subjects with different weight changes after energy restriction-induced weight loss during 6 mo on 4 different diets. Design: After an 8-wk low-calorie diet (800 kcal/d), we randomly assigned weight-reduced obese subjects from 8 European countries to receive 4 diets that differed in protein and glycemic index content. In addition to anthropometric and plasma markers, SAT biopsies were taken at the beginning [clinical investigation day (CID) 2] and end (CID3) of the weight follow-up period. Microarray analysis was used to define SAT gene expression profiles at CID2 and CID3 in 22 women with continued weight loss (successful group) and in 22 women with weight regain (unsuccessful group) across the 4 dietary arms. Results: Differences in SAT gene expression patterns between successful and unsuccessful groups were mainly due to weight variations rather than to differences in dietary macronutrient content. An analysis of covariance with total energy intake as a covariate identified 1338 differentially expressed genes. Cellular growth and proliferation, cell death, cellular function, and maintenance were the main biological processes represented in SAT from subjects who regained weight. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation was the major pattern associated with continued weight loss. Conclusions: The ability to control body weight loss independent of energy intake or diet composition is reflected in the SAT transcriptome. Although cell proliferation may be detrimental, a greater mitochondrial energy gene expression is suggested as being beneficial for weight control. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00390637. © 2010 American Society for Nutrition.

Published
2010
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12. Daily rhythms of core temperature and locomotor activity indicate different adaptive strategies to cold exposure in adult and aged mouse lemurs acclimated to a summer-like photoperiod

Author

Jacques Epelbaum, Philippe Zizzari, Martine Perret, Jérémy Terrien, Fabienne Aujard, Mécanismes adaptatifs : des organismes aux communautés (MAOAC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN) - Collège de France (CdF) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (CPN - U894), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Terrien, Jérémy, and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)

Subjects
Aging, Time Factors, MESH: Body Temperature, MESH : Movement, Physiology, MESH: Cold Temperature, MESH: Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Lemur, MESH : Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, MESH: Energy Intake, MESH: Movement, Body Temperature, 0302 clinical medicine, Telemetry, MESH: Animals, MESH: Aging, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, MESH : Temperature, MESH : Body Weight, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, 2. Zero hunger, photoperiodism, 0303 health sciences, biology, Mouse lemur, Temperature, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, MESH: Temperature, Circadian Rhythm, Cold Temperature, Seasons, MESH: Cheirogaleidae, Cheirogaleidae, MESH : Time Factors, medicine.medical_specialty, Microcebus murinus, Movement, Photoperiod, Nocturnal, MESH : Telemetry, MESH: Photoperiod, 03 medical and health sciences, Rhythm, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, biology.animal, medicine, Animals, Circadian rhythm, MESH: Circadian Rhythm, 030304 developmental biology, MESH : Body Temperature, MESH: Telemetry, MESH : Seasons, MESH : Cheirogaleidae, Body Weight, MESH: Time Factors, MESH : Energy Intake, MESH : Circadian Rhythm, Torpor, biology.organism_classification, MESH : Aging, MESH : Cold Temperature, MESH: Body Weight, Endocrinology, MESH : Animals, Energy Intake, MESH: Seasons, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, MESH : Photoperiod
Abstract

International audience; Daily variations in core temperature (Tc) within the normothermic range imply thermoregulatory processes that are essential for optimal function and survival. Higher susceptibility towards cold exposure in older animals suggests that these processes are disturbed with age. In the mouse lemur, a long-day breeder, we tested whether aging affected circadian rhythmicity of Tc, locomotor activity (LA), and energy balance under long-day conditions when exposed to cold. Adult (N = 7) and aged (N = 5) mouse lemurs acclimated to LD14/10 were exposed to 10-day periods at 25 and 12 degrees C. Tc and LA rhythms were recorded by telemetry, and caloric intake (CI), body mass changes, and plasma IGF-1 were measured. During exposure to 25 degrees C, both adult and aged mouse lemurs exhibited strong daily variations in Tc. Aged animals exhibited lower levels of nocturnal LA and nocturnal and diurnal Tc levels in comparison to adults. Body mass and IGF-1 levels remained unchanged with aging. Under cold exposure, torpor bout occurrence was never observed whatever the age category. Adult and aged mouse lemurs maintained their Tc in the normothermic range and a positive energy balance. All animals exhibited increase in CI and decrease in IGF-1 in response to cold. The decrease in IGF-1 was delayed in aged mouse lemurs compared to adults. Moreover, both adult and aged animals responded to cold exposure by increasing their diurnal LA compared to those under Ta = 25 degrees C. However, aged animals exhibited a strong decrease in nocturnal LA and Tc, whereas cold effects were only slight in adults. The temporal organization and amplitude of the daily phase of low Tc were particularly well preserved under cold exposure in both age groups. Sexually active mouse lemurs exposed to cold thus seemed to prevent torpor exhibition and temporal disorganization of daily rhythms of Tc, even during aging. However, although energy balance was not impaired with age in mouse lemurs after cold exposure, aging was associated with lower LA and Tc during the night and delayed decrease in IGF-1. This might reflect that adaptive strategies to cold exposure differ with age in mouse lemurs acclimated to a summer-like photoperiod.

Published
2009
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13. Change in taste preference in undernourished elderly hospitalized subjects during periods of infection and convalescence

Author

Tao Jiang, Pierre Pfitzenmeyer, V. Van Wymelbeke, Centre des Sciences du Goût (CSG), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre des Sciences du Goût ( CSG ), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
Male, Gerontology, Taste, Food intake, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, health care facilities, manpower, and services, MESH : Aged, Medicine (miscellaneous), MESH : Analysis of Variance, MESH: Dietary Supplements, MESH: Energy Intake, MESH: Hospitalization, Coffee, infection and convalescence periods, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, Dietary Sucrose, Medicine, MESH : Female, 030212 general & internal medicine, media_common, Aged, 80 and over, 2. Zero hunger, MESH: Aged, 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Convalescence, Taste Perception, humanities, Preference, 3. Good health, Hospitalization, C-Reactive Protein, MESH : Dietary Sucrose, MESH: Communicable Diseases, MESH : Hospitalization, Female, MESH: Malnutrition, medicine.medical_specialty, Frail Elderly, MESH : Male, media_common.quotation_subject, MESH: Convalescence, MESH: Dietary Sucrose, Communicable Diseases, Pleasure, MESH : Diet, undernourished elderly people, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Diet, MESH: Analysis of Variance, MESH: C-Reactive Protein, MESH : Convalescence, Humans, MESH : Dietary Supplements, Frail elderly, MESH : Aged, 80 and over, Aged, Quality of Life Research, Analysis of Variance, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH : Malnutrition, MESH : Communicable Diseases, Malnutrition, MESH : Humans, MESH : Frail Elderly, MESH : Energy Intake, MESH : Taste Perception, MESH: Coffee, social sciences, MESH : C-Reactive Protein, medicine.disease, MESH: Frail Elderly, MESH : Coffee, MESH: Male, Diet, Surgery, MESH: Taste Perception, Dietary Supplements, taste preference, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Energy Intake, business, human activities, MESH: Female, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

International audience; AIM: To determine the impact of taste pleasure supplements on modifications of food intake in hospitalized frail elderly patients. METHODS: Thirty hospitalized frail elderly patients tasted different formulas of a high-protein coffee supplement: -supplement C, commercial version; - supplement CA with artificial coffee flavor; - supplement CS with sucrose and - supplement CAS with sucrose and artificial coffee flavor. The preference for the supplements was analyzed by the Friedman test followed by a post hoc Tukey's test. The food intakes in each period were compared by repeated ANOVA and the food intakes of the two periods were compared using Student's t test. All measurements were made during periods of infection and convalescence. RESULTS: The supplements CAS and CS were significantly more appreciated than the current commercial version C (P < .05). The patients could be classified into two groups: consumers (consuming the supplements) and nonconsumers (just tasting the supplements). Taking supplements can increase the total energy intake for consumers (P < .01), especially during periods of infection; no modification was observed in the non-consumers. CONCLUSION: The use of supplements to increase sensory pleasure can be one feasible way to increase energy intake in hospitalized elderly patients with an infectious disease.

Published
2009
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14. Contribution of energy restriction and macronutrient composition to changes in adipose tissue gene expression during dietary weight-loss programs in obese women

Author

Claus Holst, Nathalie Vega, Moira A. Taylor, J. Alfredo Martínez, Eva Klimcakova, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen, Dominique Langin, Sébastien Déjean, Jean M. Oppert, Peter Arner, Hubert Vidal, Nathalie Viguerie, Karine Clément, Frédéric Capel, Wim H. M. Saris, Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil (I2MR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IFR150-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Recherche sur les obésités, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Laboratoire, IFR 31 Louis Bugnard (IFR 31), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Service d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques [Purpan], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Charles University [Prague] (CU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, FACULTE DE LYON, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Régulations métaboliques, nutrition et diabètes - UM55 (RMND UM55), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse UMR5219 (IMT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Midicine Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Department of Sports Medicine of Charles University, Faculty of Medicine Charles University, Department of Physiology and nutrition University of Navarra, Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona] (UNAV), Department of Human Biology Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute, Maastricht University [Maastricht], The Netherlands Institute of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences Queen's Medical Center, University of Nottingham Medical School, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S 872)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Charles University [Prague]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Nutrition and Endocrinology AP / HP, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil ( I2MR ), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IFR150-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), IFR 31 Louis Bugnard ( IFR 31 ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Charles University [Prague]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Régulations métaboliques, nutrition et diabètes - UM55 ( RMND UM55 ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse UMR5219 ( IMT ), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole ( UT1 ) -Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès ( UT2J ) -Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-PRES Université de Toulouse-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona] ( UNAV ), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ( CRC (UMR_S 872) ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Humane Biologie, RS: NUTRIM - R1 - Metabolic Syndrome, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)- Institut Fédératif de Recherche Bio-médicale Institution (IFR150)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service Endocrinologie, maladies métaboliques et nutrition [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Cardiovasculaire et Métabolique [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service Anatomie et cytologie pathologiques [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Biologie [CHU Toulouse], Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Transcription, Genetic, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, MESH: Energy Intake, Biochemistry, Body Mass Index, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Gene expression, MESH: Genetic Variation, MESH : Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, 0303 health sciences, Addipose tissue, Reducing, MESH: Mitochondrial Proteins, [ SDV.MHEP.EM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, 3. Good health, MESH : Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Adipose Tissue, Body Composition, MESH: Adipose Tissue, medicine.medical_specialty, Diet, Reducing, MESH : Body Composition, MESH : Adipose Tissue, MESH: Body Mass Index, MESH : Receptors, Glucocorticoid, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Weight Loss, Genetic, Humans, MESH : Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins, MESH : Mitochondrial Proteins, MESH: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, MESH: Humans, MESH : Humans, Signal Transducing, Genetic Variation, MESH: Adult, Autophagy-Related Protein 8 Family, MESH: Body Composition, medicine.disease, Obesity, MESH : Energy Metabolism, MESH : Body Mass Index, Energy intake, Body mass index, MESH: Female, Candidate gene, MESH: Receptors, Glucocorticoid, Clinical Biochemistry, Adipose tissue, Blood lipids, Glucocorticoid, Weight loss, Sirtuin 3, Receptors, MESH : RNA, Sirtuins, MESH: Obesity, MESH : Female, Nutrición y dietética [Ciencias de la Salud], MESH : Diet, Reducing, 2. Zero hunger, MESH : Sirtuins, MESH: Diet, Reducing, Microfilament Proteins, MESH: Energy Metabolism, Adaptor Proteins, MESH : Adult, MESH: Sirtuins, MESH : Obesity, Female, medicine.symptom, Transcription, Adult, MESH : Microfilament Proteins, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Context (language use), Biology, Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins, MESH: Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins, Mitochondrial Proteins, MESH: Microfilament Proteins, Receptors, Glucocorticoid, MESH : Genetic Variation, MESH: RNA, Internal medicine, Weight Loss, medicine, 030304 developmental biology, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, MESH: Transcription, Genetic, Biochemistry (medical), MESH : Transcription, Genetic, MESH : Energy Intake, Diet, MESH: Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, RNA, MESH : Weight Loss, Energy Intake, Energy Metabolism
Abstract

Context: Hypoenergetic diets are used to reduce body fat mass and metabolic risk factors in obese subjects. The molecular changes in adipose tissue associated with weight loss and specifically related to the dietary composition are poorly understood. Objective: We investigated adipose tissue gene expression from human obese women according to energy deficit and, the fat and carbohydrate content of the diet. Design & setting: Obese subjects recruited among 8 European clinical centers followed 10 weeks of either a low fat (high carbohydrate) or a moderate fat (low carbohydrate) hypoenergetic diet. Subjects: Two sets of 47 women in each dietary arm were selected among 648 subjects matched for anthropometric and biological parameters. Main Outcome Measure: We measured adipose tissue gene expression changes in one set using a candidate gene approach. The other set was used to survey 24469 transcripts using DNA microarrays. Results were analyzed using dedicated statistical methods. Diet-sensitive regulations were confirmed on the other set of subjects. Results: The two diets induced similar weight loss and similar changes for most of the biological variables except for components of the blood lipid profile. A thousand genes were regulated by energy restriction. We validated an effect of the fat-to-carbohydrate ratio for five genes (FABP4, NR3C1, SIRT3, FNTA and GABARAPL2) with increased expression during the moderate fat diet. Conclusions: Energy restriction had a more pronounced impact on variations in human adipose tissue gene expression than macronutrient composition. The macronutrient-sensitive regulation of a subset of genes may influence adipose tissue function and metabolic response. AD - INSERM, U858, Laboratoire de Recherches sur les Obesites, Institut de Medecine Moleculaire de Rangueil, Toulouse; Universite Paul Sabatier, Institut Louis Bugnard IFR31, Toulouse; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, France; Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Prague, Czech Republic; INSERM, UMR -870; INRA U-1235; Faculte de Medecine Lyon-Sud universite de Lyon 1; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Hospices civils de Lyon; Lyon, France; Institut de Mathematiques de Toulouse UMR 5219, Universite Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Sports Medicine, Centre of Preventive Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Physiology and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Human Biology, Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute Maastricht (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Institute of Preventive Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; School of Biomedical Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, United Kingdom; INSERM, Nutriomique U872 (Team 7), 75004 Paris, France; Universites Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, UMR-S 872, Cordelier Research Center & Paris Descartes, 75006 Paris; and Assistance Publique/Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, Nutrition and Endocrinology department, 75013 Paris, France.

Published
2008
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15. Effects of age on thermoregulatory responses during cold exposure in a nonhuman primate, Microcebus murinus

Author

Jacques Epelbaum, Pierre-Yves Henry, Martine Perret, Marie-Thérèse Bluet-Pajot, Jérémy Terrien, Fabienne Aujard, Philippe Zizzari, Mécanismes adaptatifs : des organismes aux communautés (MAOAC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Neurobiologie de la Croissance et de la Senescence, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN) - Collège de France (CdF) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Reykjavík University, Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Mécanismes adaptatifs : des organismes aux communautés, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Collège de France (CdF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Terrien, Jérémy

Subjects
Male, autonomic thermoregulation, Time Factors, MESH: Body Temperature, Physiology, MESH: Cold Temperature, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, cold exposure, Lemur, Microcebus murinus, MESH : Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, MESH: Energy Intake, MESH : Autonomic Nervous System, Body Temperature, MESH: Autonomic Nervous System, 0302 clinical medicine, Primate, MESH: Animals, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, MESH : Body Weight, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, 0303 health sciences, biology, Mouse lemur, MESH: Energy Metabolism, Age Factors, Thermoregulation, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, MESH: Motor Activity, Circadian Rhythm, Cold Temperature, MESH: Body Temperature Regulation, [SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], MESH: Cheirogaleidae, medicine.symptom, Cheirogaleidae, Body Temperature Regulation, MESH : Time Factors, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH : Male, Motor Activity, Autonomic Nervous System, insulin-like growth factor, 03 medical and health sciences, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, biology.animal, medicine, Animals, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Circadian rhythm, MESH: Circadian Rhythm, 030304 developmental biology, MESH : Body Temperature, MESH: Age Factors, MESH : Cheirogaleidae, Body Weight, aging, MESH: Time Factors, MESH : Energy Intake, MESH : Circadian Rhythm, Torpor, Hypothermia, biology.organism_classification, MESH : Body Temperature Regulation, MESH: Male, MESH : Cold Temperature, MESH: Body Weight, MESH : Energy Metabolism, Endocrinology, MESH : Age Factors, MESH : Animals, Energy Intake, Energy Metabolism, MESH : Motor Activity, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Cold resistance appears altered with aging. Among existing hypotheses, the impaired capacity in response to cold could be related to an altered regulation of plasma IGF-1 concentration. The combined effects of age and cold exposure were studied in a short-living primate, the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus), which adjusts its energy balance using a daily torpor phase, to avoid high energy cost of normothermia maintenance. Changes in body mass, core temperature, locomotor activity, and caloric intake were monitored under 9-day exposures to 25 degrees C and 12 degrees C in captive animals in winter conditions. Short-term (after 2 days) and long-term (after 9 days) cold-induced changes in IGF-1 levels were also evaluated. In thermoneutral conditions (25 degrees C), general characteristics of the daily rhythm of core temperature were preserved with age. At 12 degrees C, age-related changes were mainly characterized by a deeper hypothermia and an increased frequency of torpor phases, associated with a loss of body mass. A short-term cold-induced decrease in plasma IGF-1 levels was observed. IGF-1 levels returned to basal values after 9 days of cold exposure. No significant effect of age could be evidenced on IGF-1 response. However, IGF-1 levels of cold-exposed aged animals were negatively correlated with the frequency of daily torpor. Responses exhibited by aged mouse lemurs exposed to cold revealed difficulties in the maintenance of normothermia and energy balance and might involve modulations of IGF-1 levels.

Published
2008
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