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We describe the Stiefel–Whitney classes (SWCs) of orthogonal representations 휋 of the finite special linear groups G = SL ⁡ (2 , F q) , in terms of character values of 휋. From this calculation, we can answer interesting questions about SWCs of 휋. For instance, we determine the subalgebra of H * ⁢ (G , Z / 2 ⁢ Z) generated by the SWCs of orthogonal 휋, and we also determine which 휋 have non-trivial mod 2 Euler class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Certain convergence estimates for the semi-exponential operators associated with 1 + x² are established including weighted approximation, a direct result involving classical modulus of continuity and quantitative Voronovskaya-type theorem in weighted spaces. Initially, the moments are obtained following a recurrence relation for these operators and then some direct results are estimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite several research evaluating the connection between sustainability and the bottom line of firms, the existing research is inconclusive. In addition, most studies focus on multinational firms based in the United States or Europe, while research in the context of emerging economies is scant. This paper endeavours to investigate the strength of the association between Environment, Social and Governance (ESG) disclosure scores and the financial performance of 272 Indian firms listed on National Stock Exchange for the period 2015 to 2021 by employing panel data regression techniques. The results indicate that organisations having better ESG performance outperform their industry peers financially and are valued more by the market. Moreover, the data indicates that financial markets for lenders consider ESG disclosure when determining creditworthiness. In accordance with this, businesses can examine their operations and become more aligned with eco-friendly methods. Even though ESG disclosure appears to be associated with improved financial success, this is not the case across all industries and during COVID-19 pandemic. This study is relevant due to the growing significance of sustainability and the role of emerging nations in international commerce. It helps managers prioritize resource allocations to ESG-related activities that may affect financial performance differently across industry sectors, thus adding to the literature on the financial effects of ESG disclosures, particularly industry-specific aspects. This research represents a pioneering effort by assessing the impact of ESG disclosure on the profitability, market value, and cost of financing of Indian firms using both aggregation and disaggregation methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development of drugs for new and persistent diseases will increasingly rely on the expansion of accessible chemical space to allow exploration of novel molecular targets. Here we report the synthesis of a library of novel fused heterobicyclic small molecules based on the 1,4-diazepine and 2,4-pyrrolidinedione scaffolds. Key chemical transformations included a Mannich-type condensation and chemoselective N -acylation reactions. Screening shows anti-cancer activity of several library compounds which suggests translational potential of this novel chemical scaffold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper, we propose a sequence of generalized genuine Baskakov–Durrmeyer-type link operators. In terms of ordinary approximation, we estimate local and global direct results and also study the weighted approximation result. In terms of simultaneous approximation, we establish an asymptotic formula of Voronovskaja kind. In the last section, we prove convergence in L p {L_{p}} -norm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivated by a number of recent investigations, we consider a new analogue of Bernstein-Durrmeyer operators based on certain variants. We derive some approximation properties of these operators. We also compute local approximation and Voronovskaja type asymptotic formula. We illustrate the convergence of aforementioned operators by making use of the software MATLAB which we stated in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper, we consider ( p, q )-analogue of the Baskakov–Beta operators and using it, we estimate some direct results on approximation. Also, we represent the convergence of these operators graphically using MATLAB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several modifications of the discrete operators are available in the literature. In the recent years, certain modifications of the well-known Baskakov and Szasz--Mirakyan operators have been discussed based on certain parameters. We propose mixed summation-integral type operators and estimate the quantitative asymptotic formula and a global direct result for the special case. For general case, we establish moments and some direct convergence results in ordinary approximation, which includes pointwise approximation, asymptotic formula and a direct result in terms of modulus of continuity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper deals with a sequence of modified genuine summation-integral type operators, which is a generalization to the work done by Yadav (2014) [18]. In ordinary approximation, we estimate a global result, asymptotic formula of Voronovskaja kind, error estimation in terms of modulus of continuity and also study weighted approximation for the case c ∈ N ∪ { 0 } , which are compared graphically using MATLAB. Further, we discuss the rate of convergence for c = − 1 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present article, we extend the studies on recently introduced sequence of the genuine summation-integral type operators [7]. Here, we establish a link between the genuine operators and the discrete operators. We also establish a quantitative asymptotic formula, a direct estimate in terms of Ditzian–Totik modulus of smoothness and finally, we present the rate of convergence for functions having derivatives of bounded variation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel approach for the syntheses of 6a-hydroxypterocarpans is reported. Its practicality is demonstrated by the synthesis of (±)-glycinol. The main feature is an intramolecular benzoin condensation catalyzed by nucleophilic carbenes to initiate assembly of the benzopyran and establish the 6a-hydroxy center. In addition, a one-pot method was developed to form an epoxide that facilitates subsequent cyclization leading to the benzofuran and direct production of (±)-glycinol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARα) selective compounds may guide the design of drugs that can be used in conjunction with hormonal adjuvant therapy in the treatment of breast cancer. Herein we report a modified synthesis of a known RARα antagonist, 2-fluoro-4-[[[8-bromo-2,2-dimethyl-4-(4-methylphenyl)chroman-6-yl]carbonyl]amino]benzoic acid and a synthesis of its unknown, desfluoro analog, 4-[[[8-bromo-2,2-dimethyl-4-(4-methylphenyl)chroman-6-yl]carbonyl]amino]benzoic acid. The modified route allows for facile reaction workups, increased yields, lower cost and incorporates a green alternative step. Structure–activity relationship studies determined through functional cell-based assays, demonstrated antagonism to RARα for both compounds. Molecular modeling within the RARα binding pocket was used to compare binding interactions of the desfluoro analog to a known RAR antagonist. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

BACKGROUND: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is often cured with standard chemoimmunotherapy, but there is great heterogeneity in presentation and outcomes. METHODS: By using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data from 13 registries across the United States, the authors examined differences in incidence and survival for DLBCL by race. International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, third edition histology codes 9678, 9679, 9680, and 9684 were used to identify cases. RESULTS: From 1992 to 2007, 38,522 cases of DLBCL were recorded in SEER. Sixty-five percent of black patients compared with 37% of white patients presented at age ≤60 years, 52% of blacks compared with 44% of whites presented with stage III/IV disease, and 31% of black versus 24% of white patients presented with B symptoms (all P < .001). Although survival improved by era of diagnosis for all races (log rank P < .001), 2-year relative survival rates were better for women than men (61% vs 58%, P < .001) and white than black patients (60% vs 50%, P < .001). Black race, male sex, age at diagnosis >60, advanced stage, and B symptoms at diagnosis were predictors of worse survival (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Black patients with DLBCL in the United States present at younger age, more advanced stage, and have inferior survival. Epidemiological studies that examine the biological variants of DLBCL in concert with race are needed to elucidate the etiology of these disparities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epidemiological studies suggest unique occurrence patterns of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) worldwide. In most Western countries there is a clear bimodal age distribution with an early peak in young adults followed by a second peak in older adults, particularly among males. In the Middle East and Asia, HL is more common in early childhood. There also are marked racial differences in the presentations of HL and HL subtypes, and particular single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified as etiological factors suggesting that gene-gene and gene-environment interactions are involved. Personal health choices such as exercise and smoking may modify an individual's chances of developing HL. Numerous studies highlight the impact that exposure to Epstein- Barr virus and other environmental factors have on HL risk. Understanding the relative importance of each of these findings and their links toHL development and survival will help clinical researchers expand curative therapies and create preventative strategies for HL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Abstract The sigma-1 and sigma-2 receptors have been shown to play important roles in CNS diseases, cancer, and other disorders. These findings suggest that targeting these proteins with small-molecule modulators may be of important therapeutic value. Here we report the development of a new class of tetrahydroindazoles that are highly potent and selective ligands for sigma-1. Molecular modeling was used to rationalize the observed structure-activity relationships and identify key interactions responsible for increased potency of the optimized compounds. Assays for solubility and microsomal stability showed this series possesses favorable characteristics and is amenable to further therapeutic development. The compounds described herein will be useful in the development of new chemical probes for sigma-1 and to aid in future work therapeutically targeting this protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is an indolent malignancy of germinal center B cells with varied incidence across racial groups and geographic regions. Improvements in the classification of non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes provide an opportunity to explore associations between environmental exposures and FL incidence. Our paper found that aspects of Western lifestyle including sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and diets high in meat and milk are associated with an increased risk of FL. Diets rich in fruits and vegetables, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin D, and certain antioxidants are inversely associated with FL risk. A medical history of Sjogren's syndrome, influenza vaccination, and heart disease may be associated with FL incidence. Associations between FL and exposure to pesticides, industrial solvents, hair dyes, and alcohol/tobacco were inconsistent. Genetic risk factors include variants at the 6p21.32 region of the MHC II locus, polymorphisms of the DNA repair gene XRCC3, and UV exposure in individuals with certain polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor. Increasing our understanding of risk factors for FL must involve integrating epidemiological studies of genetics and exposures to allow for the examination of risk factors and interactions between genes and environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) demonstrates heterogenous histologic findings, clinical presentation, and outcomes. Using the United States Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data we examined relationships between patient characteristics, clinical features at diagnosis, and survival in HL patients. From 2000 to 2007, 16,710 cases were recorded in 17 SEER registries. Blacks and Asians had low incidence (black/white incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.86, P < .01; Asian/white IRR 0.43, P < .01). The bimodal pattern of incidence was less prominent for black males. Asians and Blacks presented at a mean age of 38 years compared to 42 years for Whites (P < .001). Race was a predictor for survival with HR of 1.19 (95% CI 1.11-1.28) for Blacks. Age was the most important predictor of survival (HR for patients ≥45 years 5.08, 95% CI 4.86-5.31). These current patterns for presentation and outcomes of HL help to delineate key populations in order to explore risk factors for HL and strategies to improve treatment outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the clinical case of a young woman diagnosed with multiple facial and vulval syringomas.

Young people living with HIV in the US have the potential to live long and healthy lives. However, the psychosocial impact of an HIV diagnosis, complicated by poverty, inequality, stigma and marginalization, create structural and behavioral challenges for young people that can overwhelm them and their health care providers. This narrative provides a reflective analysis of insights and discussions captured through participant observation at a five-day conference for young people living with HIV. The manuscript provides practitioners with an additional interpretive lens, highlighting participant observation as a valuable methodology to better understand and design programs for young people living with HIV. The article calls for youth-led, peer-based approaches that focus on support for disclosure of HIV status, self-esteem in relationships and adherence to medication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]