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This study investigates the effect of microcredit on the growth of microenterprises in the Asante-Akim Central Municipal Area of Ghana. The analysis reveals that while larger loan amounts positively influence business growth, high interest rates and rigid repayment terms impede these benefits. Entrepreneurs with higher education levels report better growth outcomes, emphasizing the significance of financial literacy and management skills. However, the evidence indicates that microcredit alone is insufficient to consistently drive sustainable growth for microenterprises, as structural challenges persist. Practical implications suggest that microfinance institutions (MFIs) should revise loan structures to include lower interest rates, extended grace periods, and flexible repayment options. Additionally, integrating financial literacy programs into microfinance services could enhance loan utilization and business outcomes. These findings challenge the universal applicability of microcredit as a growth catalyst, advocating for tailored approaches to better align financial products with the needs of microenterprises in emerging markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This study investigates the effect of microcredit on the growth of microenterprises in the Asante-Akim Central Municipal Area of Ghana. The analysis reveals that while larger loan amounts positively influence business growth, high interest rates and rigid repayment terms impede these benefits. Entrepreneurs with higher education levels report better growth outcomes, emphasizing the significance of financial literacy and management skills. However, the evidence indicates that microcredit alone is insufficient to consistently drive sustainable growth for microenterprises, as structural challenges persist. Practical implications suggest that microfinance institutions (MFIs) should revise loan structures to include lower interest rates, extended grace periods, and flexible repayment options. Additionally, integrating financial literacy programs into microfinance services could enhance loan utilization and business outcomes. These findings challenge the universal applicability of microcredit as a growth catalyst, advocating for tailored approaches to better align financial products with the needs of microenterprises in emerging markets.

Copyright of VinculaTégica Efan is the property of VinculaTegica EFAN and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

AbstractThis study investigates the complex relationship between small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMMEs) and socio-economic factors in post-apartheid South Africa. Hence, we use a robust econometric framework to assess how SMME proliferation affects job creation, income redistribution, infrastructural development and GDP growth during two pivotal periods (1995–2010 and 1995–2023). We employed an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model technique for analyzing relevant secondary datasets using the free EViews 12 student version (SV) x64 statistical software analytical package. During the period 1995–2010, we find that heightened SMME proliferation correlates positively and significantly with job creation, particularly in cases of opportunity-driven entrepreneurship. Moreover, the study underscores a direct link between SMME expansion and increased GDP growth, underscoring the vital role of these enterprises in shaping the economic landscape. However, in the extended period spanning 1995–2023, which encompasses both economic booms and recessions, the potential of opportunity-driven SMMEs wanes, attributed partly to business closures amid a recession. The major contribution of this study is that a combination of factors influences the impact SMMEs have on various socio-economic indicators. The insights gleaned from this research deepen our understanding of the intricate connections between SMMEs and broader socio-economic factors, offering valuable implications for policymakers and practitioners aiming to foster sustainable economic development.

Capital budgeting involves planning and controlling long-term and short-term investments in fixed assets. It requires investing cash now with the expectation of recovering it over more than a year. Evaluating these decisions means assessing the investment and its future cash flows, which come from added revenues, cost savings, or cost reductions. Most numbers used in these analyses are estimates. Capital investment decisions are crucial for organizations' strategic goals. This study explores the capital budgeting practices of MSMEs in Malawi by surveying ten manufacturing companies. Results show that 70.3% of these MSMEs use capital budgeting for short- and medium-term investments, often employing forecasting analyses, and some use cost-benefit analysis and executive decision-making. Most MSMEs struggle with capital budgeting due to limited knowledge, time constraints, and data issues. While 50.9% understand the "Decision Rule" in capital budgeting, 40% cite lack of knowledge as their biggest challenge, followed by time, manpower, and data availability. Capital budgeting in Malawian MSMEs is developing as they adapt to globalization's opportunities and challenges. It is therefore suggested that the Malawian government, non-governmental organizations, and business development providers should offer training in capital budgeting and proper business record-keeping to Malawian Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - The study aims for bibliometric as well as systematic review analysis by analyzing trends in various authors, documents, topics, conceptual structures, collaboration networks, and additional information in the field of women's micro-entrepreneurship. Methodology-This work analyzed a total of 130 publications that were recovered from the WOS (Web of Science) record from 2018 to 2023 and conclusions were drawn using the 'bibliometric R-package' and 'VOS viewer'. Findings-Observations have shown that after 2021, scholarly attention quickened. Trends related to women's micro-entrepreneurship during the selected period include women, entrepreneurship, perspective, perceptions, efficacy, and innovation. In developing nations such as India, women are often viewed as family supporters and their husbands often do not support them in starting their businesses. Various studies examine policies and agencies responsible for improving women's micro-entrepreneurship, focusing on policy implementation and microfinance factors like savings, network affiliation, training, and credit access. The state plays a vibrant role in developing the socioeconomic status and technological knowledge of female micro-entrepreneurs. Rather than just launching financial schemes, more intensive training for micro-entrepreneurship development is needed. Practical implications- Practitioners, and researchers will find this bibliometric analysis and the mentioned dimensions useful which serves as a basis for upcoming research in this area. Originality- The findings may give scholars and professionals information about the current situation and trending topics of female entrepreneurs. We put out a few research questions that may be addressed in the future for each of the primary study directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Start-Up Village Entrepreneurship Programme (SVEP) is a key initiative under the Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana - National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM) by the Ministry of Rural Development. SVEP is designed to support rural entrepreneurs in establishing local enterprises, with a long-term vision of creating one crore village enterprises and generating direct employment for two crore individuals. The program aims to help the rural poor overcome poverty by fostering sustainable enterprises and providing continuous support until these businesses stabilize. SVEP addresses three critical gaps in rural entrepreneurship: knowledge, advisory, and finance ecosystems. During its initial phase (2015-2019), SVEP supported the creation and strengthening of approximately 1.82 lakh village enterprises across 125 blocks in 24 states, generating employment opportunities for around 3.78 lakh individuals. A significant focus of SVEP is the economic empowerment of women in India. This article examines the impact of SVEP in Kerala in 2024, highlighting the opportunities it creates for women's self-development and empowerment, as well as the broader economic development of Kerala. The article also illustrates the evolution and development of SVEP enterprises in Kerala following its implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the impact of strengthening business ethos on agrarian resource-based micro enterprises in Pucung Village, Indonesia. The community and village government are optimistic about improving the village's progress by strengthening the business ethos of micro businesses. Research findings indicate that a strong business ethos is crucial for the long-term success of micro businesses, leading to increased productivity, competitiveness, credibility, and survival. Strengthening business ethos involves elements such as setting a vision and mission, building a positive business culture, and committing to quality. Micro businesses based on agrarian resources play a vital role in supporting the village economy, creating employment opportunities, and maintaining economic stability. The Pucung Village Masterplan emphasizes the importance of leadership skills in driving the village's economic development. The government office staff suggests various ways to build leadership skills, including discipline, continuous learning, empowering team members, and self-awareness. The spirit of leadership is evident in the community and government's collaboration with the National Land College, development of agriculture and tourism, improvement of infrastructure, and enhancement of community welfare. The article also highlights the potential and challenges of micro businesses in the village, such as cake and snack making, tuna floss production, furniture manufacturing, metal processing, and bamboo crafts. These businesses face competition, licensing requirements, and infrastructure limitations but can benefit from market demand, affordable capital, creativity, and access to social media and e-commerce platforms. Strengthening business ethos in micro businesses involves defining a clear vision and mission, building a [Extracted from the article]

MSMEs are businesses with a micro, small to medium production scale that can be owned by individuals or in the form of business entities of a certain type. In Indonesia, MSMEs are currently being worked on and continue to grow from year to year. This study aims to examine the strategic planning of micro-enterprise development in the Department of Trade, Industry, Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises, Soppeng Regency. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique used consists of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study show that Environmental Scanning (Environmental Analysis), in Soppeng Regency has abundant Natural Resources (SDA) which can be utilized by micro-entrepreneurs as a source of income by processing them into products that have sales value. Strategy formulation (Strategy Formulation), a strategic plan made by the PPK and UKM Office in accordance with the 2nd mission of the Regional Head, namely strengthening the realization of community welfare. Pay more attention to micro business actors so that they can prosper from the business they are involved in and develop. Strategy implementation (Implementation Strategy), the implementation of programs is inseparable from what has been stated in the strategic plan (renstra), but in implementing the programs researchers value it is still not optimal because of the lack of awareness of micro-entrepreneurs to register their business as fostered by the PPK Service and UKM. Evaluation and control (evaluation and supervision), evaluation of activities is carried out quarterly but for evaluation and supervision of micro business actors directly to the field the schedule is uncertain, this is due to the lack of funds to go directly to the field. Factors supporting the success of strategic planning are supported by the awareness of micro-entrepreneurs to register their businesses and complete all forms of licensing according to the type of business. The inhibiting factors for miscommunication between micro-entrepreneurs and the PPK and UKM Offices are that micro-business actors sometimes delay registering their businesses because they think that the management will be complicated and convoluted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the complex relationship between small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMMEs) and socio-economic factors in post-apartheid South Africa. Hence, we use a robust econometric framework to assess how SMME proliferation affects job creation, income redistribution, infrastructural development and GDP growth during two pivotal periods (1995–2010 and 1995–2023). We employed an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model technique for analyzing relevant secondary datasets using the free EViews 12 student version (SV) x64 statistical software analytical package. During the period 1995–2010, we find that heightened SMME proliferation correlates positively and significantly with job creation, particularly in cases of opportunity-driven entrepreneurship. Moreover, the study underscores a direct link between SMME expansion and increased GDP growth, underscoring the vital role of these enterprises in shaping the economic landscape. However, in the extended period spanning 1995–2023, which encompasses both economic booms and recessions, the potential of opportunity-driven SMMEs wanes, attributed partly to business closures amid a recession. The major contribution of this study is that a combination of factors influences the impact SMMEs have on various socio-economic indicators. The insights gleaned from this research deepen our understanding of the intricate connections between SMMEs and broader socio-economic factors, offering valuable implications for policymakers and practitioners aiming to foster sustainable economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determining the Impact of Digital Marketing on Selected Micro-Enterprises on Business Performance is the study's main challenge. Descriptive-correlational research designs, according to Quaranta (2017), characterize the variables and the inherent relationships that exist between and among them. It measures two or more relevant variables without modification. Consequently, in order to characterize the relationship between variables and ascertain the impact of digital marketing on the performance of chosen microenterprises, the study will employ a descriptive correlational approach. Instead of increased market share, higher product demand, new market acquisition, or higher prices, respondents felt that they do better in more customer acquisition, profitability, sales, and revenue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, we examine the factors influencing labor productivity and sales growth among micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) within a middle-income economy. Although MSMEs play a pivotal role in employment within middle-income countries, they often display a lower economic value-added, pointing to underlying challenges in labor productivity. Using a longitudinal dataset of firms and employing both quantile regressions and machine learning techniques, we find that SMEs led by older, male, and more seasoned managers tend to exhibit higher productivity. Similarly, companies with a larger proportion of highly educated employees, affiliation to business groups, and engagement in R&D activities demonstrate superior performance. Finally, to improve the performance of MSMEs in developing economies, our results suggest that implementing targeted, well-defined vertical public support programs would be an effective public policy approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovation is an important recovery strategy for Micro and small Enterprises (SMEs), which are expected to play an important role in the economic recovery and redevelopment in the post-epidemic era. We empirically explore how industry associations impact SMEs' innovation decisions using China Micro and Small Enterprise Survey data. We find that industry associations' information sharing support is possibly weakly dominant in promoting SMEs' innovation decisions in general. The information-sharing support and institutional support are almost equally important for hard product or technical innovation, while industry associations' information-sharing support weakly dominates institutional support for soft innovation. The most important channel for soft innovation in organization, services, marketing or culture is likely to introduce potential customers. We provide policy suggestions on how to guide industry associations to effectively help SMEs' innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – This paper offers a theoretical explanation to a positive story of a micro enterprise found in Uganda, an African developing country that has successfully managed workplace relationships, its survival and good performance. Specifically, the paper examines multiple theories to explain the practice in this enterprise. Design/methodology/approach – The study uses storytelling, a form of narrative inquiry embedded in qualitative methodology. Based on in-depth interviews with the owner-manager and employees, a story was developed detailing their practical experience while focusing on the context, actions, results and lessons. Findings – Findings reveal that micro enterprises that allow free generation of ideas across all levels with optimistic people who reciprocate and work together create a friendly work atmosphere with support for one another, with the ability to amicably resolve conflicts and build trust. More so, theories including social exchange theory, relational cohesion theory, complex adaptive systems theory and cultural historical activity theory help explain the manifestations of relational people management in micro enterprises. Originality/value – This paper is unique in its use of a positive story showing a practical experience of how workplace relationships are managed in a micro enterprise found in Uganda. In addition, a multi-theoretical perspective is used to explain the manifestations in the story which may be novel in the study context. Thus, a conceptual model is proposed depicting generalized reciprocity, positive emotions, generative leadership and relational agency as antecedents of relational people management with relational agency again mediating the other relationships.

This study investigates the reasons for Lean deployment in Micro Enterprises, the types of tools used, the challenges involved and the results obtained in Micro Enterprises in Ireland. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 22 Micro Enterprises in Ireland that have started Lean implementation over the last three years. Lean offers many benefits to Micro Enterprises similar to those observed in larger-sized enterprises, including improved productivity, quality and reduced costs. In addition, leadership support for Lean in Micro Enterprises is not a challenge for Lean deployment as many Micro Enterprises are owner-managers and thus embrace and facilitate the deployment of Lean in organisations. Furthermore, a Critical success factor for Lean in Micro Enterprises is government support and availability of Lean mentorship. Further longitudinal studies on Micro Enterprises would help study how Lean evolves in these organisations over time especially in enterprises who have employed Lean for several Leans. This is one of the first studies specific to the practical application of Lean in ME's in Ireland and globally. For academics and practitioners and informing government funding policy, this study demonstrates that Lean can successfully be deployed in Micro Enterprises. This study demonstrates that government supports can aid Lean and enhance economic competitiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Micro, small and medium-sized enterprises, be they traditional enterprises, family businesses, traders, social economy enterprises, crafts or liberal professions (referred to hereafter as MSMEs), are an essential part of the solution towards a competitive, climate-neutral, circular and inclusive European economy, provided that the right conditions are created and prevail. The positive impact is generated by MSMEs through improving their own environmental performance and through providing expertise and solutions to other enterprises, citizens and the public sector. While acknowledging and highlighting the diversity and different needs of the European MSMEs, the current paper focuses on identifying factors for boosting their green transition and mapping out the effects of the recent multiple crises on this process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to several previous studies, entrepreneurial risk-taking is an important aspect that can lead to prospective business opportunities, hence improving entrepreneurial outcomes such as enterprise performance. The main purpose of this paper is to examine the extent and degree of impact of entrepreneurial risk-taking (ERT) as one of the dimensions of entrepreneurial mindset on the performance of micro enterprises in Skikda, Algeria. Based on a self-administered survey questionnaire, data were collected from a random sample of 142 micro-enterprises in Skikda. The study adopted descriptive, correlation, and regression analyses to estimate the impact of entrepreneurial risk-taking. collected data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 22) programme. The findings demonstrate that entrepreneurial risk-taking significantly affects the performance of micro enterprises in Skikda. Of the total variance of the performance of micro enterprise’s, 9.2% can be explained by the variability of entrepreneurial risk-taking. A small percentage is expected and can partly be explained by the presence of other factors that affect the performance of these enterprises as well as the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the process of economic activity and available business opportunities worldwide, especially these very small enterprises. However, the presence of this positive impact calls for a focus on raising the risk-taking spirit of existing and potential Algerian entrepreneurs, by holding conferences, forums and entrepreneurial programmes that enhance and support this characteristic of the entrepreneurial mindset.

Constraints in implementing financing and insufficient cash to meet the needs of KJKS BMT customers in developing their micro-businesses in the Lubuk Lintah community, Padang City, are the background of this research. The cause of the cash shortage is due to problem loans. This study used descriptive qualitative method. Based on the results of research on KJKS BMT, Lubuk Leetah Village, it was found: (1) Determination of monitoring and measurement tools (standards) for improving community micro businesses in Lubuk Leetah Village, Kuranji District. According to the measuring tool (standard) developed by the Padang City Cooperative Service for KJKS BMT Lubuk Lintah Village, namely evaluating by looking at and identifying problems in developing the implementation of the plan, includes several performance benchmarks, including: number of project sites, investment funds, non-performing loans , Revenue and Membership. (2) Evaluation of KJKS BMT supervision to improve community micro businesses in Lubuk Lintah Village. The assessment was carried out under the guidance of KJKS BMT Lubuk Lintah Sub- District for the progress of micro-enterprises in the Lubuk Lintah community, before the RAT was implemented. RAT discusses how to deal with financing issues, what is the income at the end of the year. (3) Carry out corrective actions to improve supervision of KJKS BMT in improving community micro businesses in Lubuk Lintah Village. Take corrective actions so that KJKS BMT Lubuk Lintah Subdistrict does not continue to make deviations in its activities.

Small, Medium, and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) are the key players in the township tourism sector, which contributes substantially to the growth of the economy in South Africa. Township tourism SMMEs are critical to uplifting the rural and township economies. However, they remain marginalized and continue to struggle to be sustainable. The following paper explains how much township tourism SMMEs use to stay sustainable. The paper aims to identify SMMEs involved in township tourism. The paper also aims to establish factors influencing the sustainability of township tourism SMMEs. In addition, the paper also aims to determine the competitive strategy for the sustainability of township tourism SMMEs. The study adopted a positivist research paradigm through a quantitative approach and a survey research design. As a result of having no reliable available sampling frame, a non-probability sampling strategy was adopted, and relevant data was generated through questionnaires. The data was gathered from 61 owners or managers of township tourism SMMEs, in uMlazi, Durban. This paper’s findings revealed that the most influential factors affecting the sustainability of township tourism SMMEs were a lack of funding, strong business competition, and poor business location. The study's findings revealed that only a few entrepreneurs applied a competitive strategy to their businesses. From the data analyzed, relevant recommendations and conclusions were also drawn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The process of identifying and defining effective delivery mechanisms is a critical issue in the management of microcredit programs to meet the firm's objectives and the customers’ needs. The purpose of this paper is to look at the relative importance of delivery mechanism in microcredit programs. In addition, this paper analyses the relationship between delivery mechanism and business performance among micro enterprises involved in microcredit programs. Methodology: The primary data of the study were obtained from 756 micro entrepreneurs under two major microcredit programs (AIM and TEKUN). Descriptive and t-test analysis were used to explain the findings of the study. Findings: Analysis of the study shows that cooperation from staff, the duration and method of loan repayment and monitoring of loan capital are important mechanism in the management of microcredit programs. T-test analysis revealed a significant difference in delivery mechanism between the two microcredit programs involved. Empirical findings show that the performance of micro enterprises under the AIM microcredit program is better than that of micro enterprises under the TEKUN microcredit program. Practical Implications: The performance of a microcredit program depends largely on their resource management. This involves operational efficiency, credit products offered, and customer support services. These three elements are critical factors in determining the effectiveness of the delivery mechanism in a microcredit program. Originality/value:The efficiency of delivery mechanisms through strategic resource management not only can enhance the competitive advantage of the AIM microcredit program but also affect the performance of the micro enterprises involved. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01281 Full Text: PDF

Copyright of Nisbah: Jurnal Perbankan Syariah is the property of Universitas Djuanda and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Subject and purpose of work: Micro Enterprises (UMKM) have a great potential to support the economic condition, however, if it is not balanced with managerial abilities, team effectiveness is not maximised. This study investigates increasing team effectiveness through training and mentoring in making Qur’ani job designs of micro enterprises.

The article presents considerations regarding the functioning of micro enterprises on the market and their impact on the social security of the state. The concept of micro enterprise and social security has been explained in detail. Social security threats and the role of micro sector companies in shaping this area of state security were also discussed. The considerations highlighted the importance of small business in creating conditions for economic stability and development guarantees for local communities.

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of functioning of micro and small agribusinesses in Ukraine, to identify the negative factors influencing the result of such enterprises and to formulate directions for the development of small agribusiness. Methodology / approach. The methodological basis of the research is a systematic approach to the study of economic phenomena. Among the special methods, the abstract-logical method was used to highlight the peculiarities of functioning of small enterprises of Ukraine and to formulate conclusions and recommendations; economic-and-statistical, in identifying trends and patterns of development of micro and small enterprises; method of comparison, in the study of the dynamics of individual indicators and graphical, in the analysis and presentation of statistical data. Results. The problems of the current state and dynamics of development of micro and small agricultural enterprises are considered. The results of the analysis of functioning of such enterprises and their importance in agribusiness of Ukraine are presented. The negative factors influencing the result of small business activity and the need for state support are highlighted. The necessity of innovative development of micro and small agribusiness is substantiated. The basic directions of formation and development of small agribusiness for the future are investigated. Originality / scientific novelty. Author’s interpretation of the term «agribusiness» is provided; the peculiarities of the functioning of micro and small enterprises in Ukraine, determination of their main components received further study; the place of such enterprises in the modern agribusiness is determined and the main directions of development are formed. Practical value / implications. The concrete measures on directions of small agribusiness development in Ukraine are offered. Improvement of the tax system and availability of agribusiness lending are among the main ones.

The goal of this article is to examine the issues faced by micro women-owned businesses during the covid 19 pandemic in Malappuram District, Kerala, as well as to outline government initiatives that can help women business owners deal with an unanticipated emergency. This study uses a descriptive research design to pinpoint the main issues faced by women-owned microbusinesses during the Covid 19 pandemic. With the help of simple random selection, 60 business owners were chosen from the population of 1513 women-owned microbusinesses. Data collecting methods include direct interviews and a well-structured interview schedule. hence giving a current perspective on the main issues encountered by women microentrepreneurs during a time of significant social and economic upheaval. The findings offer insightful information regarding the main issues faced by female microentrepreneurs in the areas of finances, manufacturing, and marketing. The main issues facing businesses run by women pointed to the need to reevaluate innovation and digitalization for business survival. Additionally, the findings showed that the influence of the financial, manufacturing, and marketing issues faced by women microentrepreneurs underscores the necessity of taking government policies for COVID-19 into consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is twofold: to establish the influence of financial literacy on the financial performance of micro-enterprises (MEs) in developing countries and establish the mediation role of credit access in the relationship between financial literacy and financial performance of micro-enterprises. The authors employed a cross-sectional and quantitative methods research design. Close-ended questionnaires were administered to the owner and or at least one focal staff member of the micro-enterprises which were selected from Nebbi district in Northwestern Uganda. Most studies on financial literacy, credit access and financial performance in Uganda have focussed on small and medium enterprises (SMEs) given their pivotal position in the economy of Uganda, leaving out the micro-enterprises (MEs), and yet MEs supplement SMEs with business linkages, partnerships and subcontracting, but also MEs have unique challenges. The study found that financial literacy in microenterprises in developing economies positively affects their financial performance. Further still, it has been established that credit access by microenterprises mediates the relationship between their financial literacy and financial performance. In this regard, owners of the micro-enterprises should endeavour to understand the procedures for obtaining credit from micro-finance institutions. They should also learn the terms associated with the acquisition of credit, such as; loan size, interest rate, repayment period, the amounts of the microloan they can apply, the interest rates as well as the repayment periods, this knowledge will enable them to access loans that meet their business needs much quicker for business growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Employing OLS, GIVE and propensity score-matching (PSM) methods, this study investigates the impact of industry association on the innovation of small and micro enterprises. Using a survey of China micro and small enterprises (CMES), we find that industry association significantly and positively affects the innovative behaviour of small and micro enterprises, and political connection can enhance the innovative effect of industry association. Enterprises with specific advantages and entrepreneurs with strong innovation awareness and high human capital are likely to be an industry association member. Despite certain discriminations for micro firms, industry association welcomes innovative entrepreneurs and promotes the innovation of its members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

the objective of this paper is to asses, determine and correct the investment practices in the micro enterprises, and to offer an adequate competitive/strategic analysis that assist in the business formation process, and in macro-strategy to organize the small business in efficient way that allow flexible adjustments in case of environmental or market change based on data collection process and benchmarking approach and a suggested efficiency-screening process.. The results og the research will greatly improve the probability of success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]