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The Five Love Languages is a concept introduced by Gary Chapman that identifies five different ways people express and experience love: words of affirmation, acts of service, receiving gifts, physical touch, and quality time. Eric Berne's "The Art of Loving" discusses the nature of love and how to cultivate it in relationships, while 1 Corinthians 13:4-8 is a passage from the Bible that describes the characteristics of love. By considering these three concepts together, we can gain a deeper understanding of the nature of love and how to nurture it in our relationships., Love is a complex and multifaceted emotion, and there are many different ways to understand and express it in relationships. In this article, we will explore three different concepts that offer insight into the nature of love and how to cultivate it in relationships: the Five Love Languages, Eric Berne's "The Art of Loving," and 1 Corinthians 13:4-8. By considering these concepts together, we can gain a deeper understanding of what love is and how to nurture it in our relationships., {"references":["Gary Chapman: \"The 5 Love Languages: The Secret to Love That Lasts\"","Eric Berne: \"The Art of Loving\"","1 Corinthians 13:4-8"]}

In fifteenth-century Florence, friendship—or the client–patron relationship, as contemporaries termed it—was often associated with uncertainties and risks. An investigation of diaries, notebooks, and letter correspondences of the time, from the perspective of game theory and decision theory, reveals how Florentines reasoned about the uncertainties of friendship, deploying an array of knowledge-constructing practices, under the rubric of “commonplacing,” to understand it. The preventive techniques that Florentines applied to cope with the conflicting testimonies of the contemporary information culture (the increase in the variety and the availability of vernacular texts, the expansion of literacy, etc.) only served to intensify their predicament. The fact that clients and patrons largely viewed their relationship in the same way challenges the traditional notion of that relationship as asymmetrical.

The complexity of information flow and cooperation among enterprises operating in a supply chain is growing. This process has a significant impact on the economy and the objective is that both traditional and new ICT (Information and Communication Technology) solutions meet the pressing needs for more efficient business processes. The current paper focuses on enterprises belonging to the food supply chain and analyses some indicators supporting the information flow within the company and with partners (being either a partner enterprise or the final consumer). Our Institute has prepared a survey to examine the ICT usage and attitude by enterprises operating in the agri-food sector. The importance of business processes supportable by ICT had to be assessed by companies. In this study we evaluated the importance of some ICT indicators supporting information flow in the chain. The main objective of the current article is to determine the difference between food enterprises divided by different grouping factors regarding their evaluation of the chosen indicators. In our opinion, competitive advantage may be reached using ICT solutions for widening and maintaining relations through a more effective information flow with partners and consumers.

The experiences of murdered victims of Nazi persecutions perished with them. This article discusses how text and data mining technology has helped to recover fragments of these lost experiences out of 2,500 oral history interviews with survivors. This gave rise to Let them Speak, a data edition of Holocaust testimonies. The first part situates the challenge of revealing lost experiences in historiography, and argues that the experience of murdered victims can be reconstructed through the collective experience. The second part shows how text and data mining techniques assisted the author to identify some pieces of the collective experience. The third part presents how web technology and visualization are used to render pieces of the collective experience as testimonial fragments of the Holocaust.

Factors of food choice have an increasingly important role in the life of consumers. Information and codes on food packages are the most widespread standard to support the decision among the many types of food products. There should be mandatory information on packages that are governed by regulations. However, there can be other labels too that help consumers in choosing food products that match personal needs and concepts, including not only nutritional information but ethical factors as well. In our literature review, we overview the current trend of food labels and the results of research on the role of food information among consumers. The focus of this study is on smartphone applications and Augmented Reality (AR) as an advanced technology to display personalized food information. In this paper, we surveyed and analyzed the attitude of young food consumers due to their personal needs, the extent of attention to package information, and the most important factors when purchasing goods. We also surveyed the interest in smartphone applications that may support the decision. Our results suggest that there is a willingness to use an interactive application to gain personalized food information immediately. The majority of respondents would use an application that provides complex information service. Within the framework of the studied criteria for implementing a smartphone application using a database behind, we outline a theoretical infrastructural model too, for collecting and handling the necessary data. Our work has led us to conclude that there are opportunities of using smartphone applications to access food information and we suggest some solutions that may increase the Quality of Experience, such as AR.

Digitalization in agri-food supply chain has become increasingly important since safe and secure food supply is a priority for stakeholders. ICT-based (Information and Communication Technologies) business solutions have an impact on the whole food supply chain and separately the participants (producers, processors, distributors, retailers and consumers). Advanced technologies support many business activities as proving traceability and transparency, improving internal business processes, simplifying cooperation with partners and establishing the capability to develop supplementary value-added services. The main objective of the current paper is to determine the development potentials of digitalized business processes related to the operation of companies related to the production and processing of agricultural products and food. For this aim, we analysed the differences between food producers and food processors regarding their evaluation of ICT solutions in their partnerships and for certain business activities. Institute of Applied Informatics and Logistics at University of Debrecen has prepared a questionnaire for a survey on the assessment of ICT by food producer and food processor enterprises (n=500). We go into a little bit more depth about the role of information share with the final consumers as they are more and more conscious about their food and may have special information requirements for food products. Thus, we supplemented our research with another questionnaire that was aimed at young food consumers (n=376) to survey their attitude to the main food information and the opportunities to support their choice. For the analyses, we used descriptive statistical methods and Mann-Whitney test. Our results show that both enterprise categories assessed the variables tested as being rather medium importance. Statistically, processors evaluated two variables significantly higher compared to producers these were the ‘Fast evaluation of business performance’ (Sig(2-tailed=0,010) and ‘Operating high-quality website’ (Sig(2-tailed)=0.012). For the respondent consumers, food component list is one of the most important product information. The importance of this variable was the third during the purchase (after price and quality) and second in product comparison (after price). The majority (64%) often or always read this information on the package. Most respondents indicated a willingness to use such mobile applications that may support easy information access.

This concluding focuses on some of the bridging concepts that help us translate qualitative research problems in the humanities into quantitative research goals to be addressed by language technology methods. Drawing on the use cases presented in the previous chapters, the authors point out why and how these bridging concepts can generate new insights. The chapter concludes with the observation that language technology can innovate humanities by uncovering invisible phenomena in large textual resources, but this does not mean that traditional close reading and contextual analysis are not necessary. On the contrary, language technology can produce new insights, if its application is accompanied by in-depth contextual analysis of texts.

This chapter introduces quantitative methods for the analysis of word meaning, covering vector space models and the main concepts of distributional semantics. It presents a series of case studies illustrating the application of these techniques to real-world research questions, including analysis of Medical Officer of Health reports for London and changes in meaning of English words over the past two decades from the UK Web Archive.

This chapter guides the reader through the key stages of creating language resources. After explaining the difference between linguistic corpora and other text collections, the authors briefly introduce the typology of corpora created by corpus linguists and the concept of corpus annotation. Basic terminology from natural language processing (NLP) and corpus linguistics is introduced, alongside an explanation of the main components of an NLP pipeline and tools, including pre-processing, part-of-speech tagging, lemmatization, and entity extraction.

In 1979 the Holocaust Survivors Film Project began videotaping Holocaust survivors. Since then, its successor, the Fortunoff Video Archive for Holocaust Testimonies, has recorded and preserved testimonies for decades. Having completed a large-scale digitization of the entire collection, the archive has pivoted to increasing digital access. As part of its transition to a fully digital archive, it has developed a web-based digital anthology. This anthology, titled Let Them Speak, allows researchers to study circa 3000 interviews from three collections: Fortunoff Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, and USC Shoah Foundation. While digitization has helped alleviate one concern, long-term preservation, and opened new means of access, it raises several new challenges, technical, curatorial, and ethical. This chapter will elucidate some of these challenges.

This chapter outlines the relevance of language technology for the exploration and study of big textual data sets in the humanities. We also discuss the importance of understanding the logic underlying the use of language technology to resolve research problems in the humanities. Finally, we outline the three pillars of the approach we follow throughout the book: focus on application through both simplified and more complex use-case examples; discussion of both the potential and the limitations of language technology; and explanation of how to translate humanities research questions into research problems using language technology.

This chapter introduces the representation of texts as elements of feature spaces, as well as various exploratory tools to study such representations. It investigates how students of humanities can discover groups of topically similar texts in a large textual collection and how recurring themes giving rise to similarity can be detected. Concepts including feature space, bag of words, cosine similarity, document collection, document vector, and document–term matrix are explained through a number of simplified examples; key engineering procedures (feature selection, feature scoring) in the construction of feature spaces are also introduced. The more complex application example of the study of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle demonstrates how to detect similar records and recurring themes using explorative methods such as dimensionality reduction, clustering and topic modelling. The chapter concludes by pointing out the limitation of feature space representation and by defining what topical similarity means in the context of language technology.

Nowadays the optimization of agricultural production is a crucial task. The use of computer vision may serve in increasing efficiency as this technology has achieved significant results in many research and practical applications to date. In the following years, we will experience more and more use cases of the technology and its usability in the intensification of agricultural production to meet the demand of the growing population. Computer vision appears as a sub-domain, also in the new and popular concept of Industry 4.0, ensuring an integrated aspect of the technology. Our practical experiment was performed to examine the utility of the currently available open-source toolkits in commuter vision, utilizing OpenCV and Google TensorFlow libraries. In this experiment, the typical processes of computer vision were implemented using various algorithms for each step, including imaging, pre-processing, post-processing and finally, classification. For the experiment, pictures of apples have been used as training data, representing various conditions. The steps including processing, segmentation, and identification of the fruit, were presented. The most commonly used detection algorithms were tested to determine estimated size, shape, and texture properties. Using a convolutional neural network, the identification of the fruit was presented with a recognition accuracy greater than 93%.

Napjainkban számos területen érezhetjük a digitalizáció pozitív hatását. Nincs ez máshogy az egészségügy területén sem, ahol az IoT-koncepció (Internet of Things) adatgyűjtéssel, illetve a Big Data koncepció adatkezeléssel kapcsolatos megoldásai hozzájárulnak az adatorientált, személyre szabott egészségügyi döntésekhez. Jelen kutatás célja a fogyasztók témakörrel kapcsolatos véleményének felmérése, illetve a technológiai megoldások diffúzióját befolyásoló faktorok meghatározása annak érdekében, hogy a kutatás folytatásaként az igényekhez illeszkedő hardver- és szoftverplatform kialakítására nyíljon lehetőség. Az elfogadottságot befolyásoló tényezők vizsgálata érdekében kérdőíves felmérés történt öt fő témakört érintően, beleértve a különböző eszközökről és szolgáltatásokról alkotott véleményt. Az általános változók mellett a UTAUT2-technológia elfogadásának és használatának kiegészített modellje került alkalmazásra, a területhez való alkalmazkodás érdekében. Az elemzés során strukturális egyenletek modellezése (PLS-SEM) zajlott, majd az egyes tényezők látens változókra gyakorolt hatása ordinális logisztikus regresszióval került górcső alá, ezzel vizsgálva a modell fejlesztésének lehetőségeit.

The growing food demand and decreasing size of the rural areas require striving for optimal results of production. To achieve this, we can use decision support systems. The critical point of the application is the availability of proper quantity and quality data set. The data source can be developed using a statistical database, using a database created by conventional management application and the measurement databases, created by data acquisition systems. The use of this systems can be helpful, if constant data is required about measurable factors which can influence the result directly or indirectly. As the result of this paper, a modular data acquisition system is developed, which consists of six modules, including the control module, user interface module, sensor modules, external device controller module, communication module and wireless module. The modular system is considered to maintain cost effectivity and response to the application needs. To support the mentioned system, a desktop application, a web application, and a measurement databased is also developed. The desktop application is able to manage the system and provide data query or visualized data. The test of the system is performed in a small greenhouse environment. The experience, gained during this test helped to form further development opportunities.

The Trivulziana Cod. N. 1458 is a variant of the dispatch, known as the “Landus report” in the Hungarian historiography. This report narrates the history of Hungary from the death of Louis the Great up to the peace between Matthias Corvinus and Frederick III in 1463. However, the codex of the Trivulziana Library also contains a new closing section, which narrates the events following the death of Matthias. In this paper, I examine two questions: (a) was this closing section written by the same person as the so-called Landus report?; (b) does this closing section provide us new pieces of information concerning the history of Hungary? In addition to this, I give a general account of the content of the dispatch and review its editions and its manuscript tradition. Moreover, I outline its reception in the Hungarian historiography. Finally, in the Appendix I give the transcription of the closing section of the manuscript as well as another unpublished part of the manuscript, although the examination of this wi...

The information is important in every decision area. The Big Data philosophy lead to collect every possible data. Nowadays these applications are more and more successful in the following agricultural areas: different parts of food industry, extension services, precision agriculture. While studying the use of these new ICT technologies can be concluded that different types of services offer different possibilities. Firstly we compared the possible mainboards and sensors. General information about the existing mobile main boards. We compared the Atmel AVR, the Raspberry PI and the LEGO Mindstorms NXT. We choosed the Arduino system board. We described the main system architecture and connection possibilites. We found the temperature sensor widely useable. The software was also briefly mentioned. We can say there are several advantages of the Arduino. The whole system can be upgradeable, and there are several Arduino based mainboards and sensors too. Nowadays the block programming support are increasing (etc. MIT Appinventor), but there are disadvantages too. The system has several limitation: the number of the connected sensor, the connection type, the system energy supply, the data loss, the creation of user friendly interface and the system failure tolerability.

West Nile virus (WNV) is a widely distributed mosquito-borne flavivirus. WNV strains are classified into several genetic lineages on the basis of phylogenetic differences. Whereas lineage 1 viruses are distributed worldwide, lineage 2 WNV was first detected outside of Africa in Hungary in 2004. Since then, WNV-associated disease and mortality in animal and human hosts have been documented periodically in Hungary. After the first detection of WNV from a pool of Culex pipiens mosquitoes in 2010, samples were collated from several sources and tested in a 2-year monitoring program. Collection areas were located in the Southern Transdanubium, in northeastern Hungary, in eastern Hungary, and in southeastern Hungary. During the 2 years, 23,193 mosquitoes in 645 pools were screened for WNV virus presence with RT-PCR. Three pools were found positive for WNV in 2011 (one pool of Ochlerotatus annulipes collected in Fényeslitke in June, one pool of Coquillettidia richiardii collected in Debrecen, Fancsika-tó, in July, and one pool of Cx. pipiens captured near Red-Footed Falcon colonies at Kardoskút in September). The minimal infection rate (MIR=proportion of infected mosquitoes per 1000 mosquitoes) of all mosquito pools was 0.25, whereas the MIR of infected species was 2.03 for O. annulipes, 0.63 for C. richiardii, and 2.70 for C.x pipiens. Molecular data have demonstrated that the same lineage 2 WNV strain has circulated in wild birds, horses, humans, and mosquitoes in Hungary since 2004. Mosquito-based surveillance successfully complemented the ongoing, long-term passive surveillance system and it was useful for the early detection of WNV circulation.

The triplet—triplet absorptions of cyclohexadiene-1,3 and ergosterol were determined in benzene at 22°C. The ground state depletion of these simple conjugated molecules via energy transfer from the triplet state of 2-fluorenylphenylketone under frequency doubled ruby laser excitation was shown to be a convenient method for studying the triplet states of dienes. From these total ground state depletions, triplet extinction coefficients were determined for 2-fluorenylphenylketone, cyclohexadiene-1,3, and ergosterol.

Hungary Post-2010 has been ruled by Viktor Orbán and his right-wing Fidesz party and is generally regarded as a typical case of populist governance. Reforming the Penal Code was one of the first major policy changes initiated by Fidesz shortly after winning the 2010 elections. It introduced the ‘three-strikes’ principle into Hungarian penal policy which is considered a prime example of penal populism. It could be inferred that in the past decade Hungarian penal policy has been dominated by penal populism and punitive measures. This paper argues that reality is more nuanced and presents the concepts of penal populism and populist policy making, with a special focus on the Hungarian context. The article provides an overview of the most important penal policy measures in the past two decades and examines whether and how increased strictness of legislative acts influenced the sentencing practice. The paper highlights the related results of an empirical survey on public opinions about criminal law and ends with a case study exploration of the intersections of lowering the age limit of criminal responsibility and penal populism.