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2. RE-GAINS & EnChAnT: Intelligent Tool Manipulation Systems For Enhanced Query Responses

Author

Girhepuje, Sahil, Sajeev, Siva Sankar, Jain, Purvam, Sikder, Arya, Varma, Adithya Rama, George, Ryan, Srinivasan, Akshay Govind, Kurup, Mahendra, Sinha, Ashmit, and Mondal, Sudip

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

Large Language Models (LLMs) currently struggle with tool invocation and chaining, as they often hallucinate or miss essential steps in a sequence. We propose RE-GAINS and EnChAnT, two novel frameworks that empower LLMs to tackle complex user queries by making API calls to external tools based on tool descriptions and argument lists. Tools are chained based on the expected output, without receiving the actual results from each individual call. EnChAnT, an open-source solution, leverages an LLM format enforcer, OpenChat 3.5 (an LLM), and ToolBench's API Retriever. RE-GAINS utilizes OpenAI models and embeddings with a specialized prompt based on the $\underline{R}$easoning vi$\underline{a}$ $\underline{P}$lanning $(RAP)$ framework. Both frameworks are low cost (0.01\$ per query). Our key contribution is enabling LLMs for tool invocation and chaining using modifiable, externally described tools.

Published
2024

6. High pressure-temperature proton migration in P-3 brucite [Mg(OH)2]: Implication for electrical conductivity in deep mantle

Author

Mondal, Sudip Kumar, Das, Pratik Kumar, and Mandal, Nibir

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Geophysics
Abstract

Hydrous minerals contribute largely to the transport and distribution of water into the mantle of earth to regulate the process of deep-water cycle. Brucite is one of the simplest layered dense hydrous mineral belonging to MgO-SiO2-H2O ternary system, which contains significant amount of water in the form of OH- groups, spanning a wide range of pressure stability. Simultaneously, the pressure (p) and temperature (T) induced mobility of protons within the layered structure of brucite is crucial for consequences on electrical conductivity of the mantle. Using ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations, we investigate the diffusion of H in high-pressure trigonal P-3 polymorph of brucite in a combined p-T range of 10-85 GPa and 1250-2000K, relevant to the mantle of earth. The AIMD simulations reveal an unusual pressure-dependence of the proton migration in brucite characterized by maximum H-diffusion in the pressure range of 72-76 GPa along different isotherms. We predict that in the P-3 brucite the H mobility is onset only when a critical hydrostatic pressure is attained. The onset pressure is observed to drop with increasing temperature. The H-diffusion in brucite phase at elevated p-T takes place in such a manner that the process results in the amorphization of the H-sublattice, without disturbing the Mg- and O-sublattices. This selective amorphization yields a pool of highly mobile protons causing a subsequent increment in the electrical conductivity in P-3 brucite. Our calculated values of conductivity are compared with ex-situ geophysical magnetic satellite data indicating that brucite can be present in larger quantities in the lower mantle than previously observed. This hydroxide phase can occur as segregated patches between the dominant constituents e.g., silicates and oxides of the lower mantle and thus can explain the origin of high electrical conductivity therein., Comment: Preliminary draft, 6 figures, presented in Goldschimdt 2023 Conference (Lyon, France), comments are welcome

Published
2023

24. List of contributors

Author

Alagappan, Srinivasan, primary, Alex, Kevin V., additional, Angitha, S., additional, Antunes, Elsa, additional, Babu, Rajendran Suresh, additional, Balaji, Daneshwaran, additional, Bandyopadhyay, Payel, additional, Behera, Ajit, additional, Bej, Nilotpala, additional, Bhamare, Vijaykumar S., additional, Biswal, Surendra Kumar, additional, Chate, Ganesh R., additional, Chate, Vaibhav R., additional, Chatterjee, Suman, additional, Choi, Jaeyeop, additional, Da, Bian, additional, Das, Satyabati, additional, Dash, Biswajit, additional, Dash, Tapan, additional, Ding, Ding, additional, Golobostanfard, Mohammad Reza, additional, Gupta, Ram K., additional, Gurylev, Vitaly, additional, Huynh, T.V., additional, Ige, Ebenezer Olubunmi, additional, Inyang, Adijat Omowumi, additional, Jayakrishnan, A.R., additional, Jena, Sambedan, additional, Jiahong, Li, additional, Kamakshi, K., additional, Khodabandeh, Farkhondeh, additional, Kim, Hee-Je, additional, Kiran Kumar, N.S., additional, Koushik, Tejas, additional, Kulkarni, Raviraj M., additional, Kumar, Sathasivam Pratheep, additional, Maiti, P., additional, Mallik, Manila, additional, Mandal, Adhirath, additional, Mandlimath, Triveni Rajashekhar, additional, Mishra, Subash Chandra, additional, Mondal, Sudip, additional, Mukhopadhyay, Anoop K., additional, Nguyen, Tuan Anh, additional, Oh, Junghwan, additional, Oku, Takeo, additional, Oyejide, Ayodele James, additional, Parida, Kalpana, additional, Park, Sumin, additional, Pereira, M., additional, Pham, Thuy Dung Nguyen, additional, Pradhan, Swastik, additional, Priyadarshini, Manisha, additional, Priyanga, G. Sudha, additional, Rangaswamy, Nikhil, additional, Rani, S. Tanuja, additional, Ravi, Desigan, additional, Ravichandran, Ramya, additional, Rugmini, R., additional, Sahu, Santosh Kumar, additional, Samantray, Rajashree, additional, Sampath, Santosh, additional, Sarapure, S., additional, Sekhar, K.C., additional, Shanhua, Qian, additional, Shettar, Manjunath, additional, Silva, J.P.B., additional, Srinivasan, S.A., additional, Sugumaran, Sathish, additional, Tasneem, M., additional, Tri, Phan Duc, additional, Valsalan, Keerthi, additional, Vinodh, Rajangam, additional, Yi, Chen, additional, Yi, Moonsuk, additional, Yongguang, Wang, additional, Yongwu, Zhao, additional, and Zifeng, Ni, additional

Published
2023
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25. A novel approach to quantify the structural distortions of U/Th snub-disphenoids and their role in zircon to reidite type phase transitions of uranothorite

Author

Mondal, Sudip Kumar, Das, Pratik Kr., Mandal, Nibir, and Arya, A.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Our density functional study reveals a peculiar relation between the normalized Th content i.e. Th/(U+Th) and the hydrostatic pressure enforcing zircon to reidite type transition in uranothorite solid solution. We found that the transition pressure exhibits a minimum when Th/(U+Th) = 0.50 i.e. when the unit cell contains equal amount of U and Th. Any change in normalized Th content, as we move towards the U and Th end-members of the series, shows a significant jump in zircon-reidite transition pressure. In order to explain this behavior, we proposed a novel method of quantifying the distortions of U/Th-coordination polyhedra which manifest themselves as a triangular dodecahedron or snub-disphenoid. We have theoretically defined two parameters: one related to the two geometrically different U/Th-O bond lengths, having a fixed ratio between them for regular triangular dodecahedra irrespective of the volume and the other with three kinds of O-U-O and O-Th-O bond angles with multiplicities of 2, 4 and 12, respectively. The bond angle distortion for both U and Th-polyhedra were found to show a maximum in zircon phase and a minimum in reidite phase corresponding to Th/(U+Th) = 0.5. Since, the difference in angular distortion is minimum in case of Th/(U+Th) = 0.5, a lesser hydrostatic pressure is capable of triggering the transition, compared to the other members of this series. The bond length distortion is also characterized by a maximum in the reidite phase at the equal concentration of U and Th. Our finding is also complemented by the minimum compressibility observed in the zircon phase when the atomic percentage of U and Th are equal., Comment: Preliminary draft. Any comments are welcome

Published
2019
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38. Constructing a potential electrocatalyst: highly multi-porous Co3O4 nanostructures to enhance electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reactions.

Author

Shanmugapriya, S. A. T., Singh, Anand Prakash, Chaudhary, Ratiram Gomaji, Mondal, Sudip, Fatehmulla, Amanullah, Hadole, Pranali, and Mondal, Aniruddha

Abstract

In order to advance sustainable energy technologies like fuel cells and metal-air batteries, it is crucial to use an electrocatalyst that is very efficient for the process of oxygen evolution. The production of Co3O4 nanostructures led to the creation of a multiporous nanostructure. The research used an approach that utilised a simple, cost-effective, and low-temperature synthesis procedure. The catalytic activity of Co3O4 nanostructures, which have a high degree of porosity and include mesoporous nanostructures, was shown to be substantial. The catalyst has the ability to enhance the highly reactive oxygen reactions at the anode, hence increasing the combined effect of charge transfer at the interface and the porous structure of Co3O4 nanostructures. The results of this study demonstrate that Co3O4 nanostructures exhibit a significant overpotential value of 321 mV at 10 mA/cm2, a Tafel slope of 72 mV Dec−1, and excellent stability when used as electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution process (OER) in real-world situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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39. Nonlocal effects in a functionally graded thermoelastic layer due to volumetric absorption laser.

Author

Mondal, Sudip and Sur, Abhik

Subjects
*LASER beams, *HEAT conduction, *INTEGRAL transforms, *DIFFERENTIAL equations, *HEAT equation, *MICROPLATES
Abstract

The primary focus of the present contribution is to develop a new system of differential equations describing the nonlocal thermoelasticity theory. The problem deals with the thermoelastic interaction in a nonhomogeneous thermoelastic layer induced by absorbing penetrating laser radiation throughout its volume. The heat conduction equation has been formulated in the context of memory dependent three-phase lag model. The surfaces of the layer are thermally insulated and free of traction. Employing the integral Laplace transform technique, the solutions of the field quantities have been achieved in the transformed domain. The corresponding solutions in the space–time domain have been derived using the numerical inversion of the Laplace transform by Riemann-sum approximation technique. The numerical estimates of the field quantities have been depicted graphically to address the effects of nonlocality and memory effects on the temperature profile, displacement and stress components. The effect of the delay time, nonhomogeneity and various choices of linear and nonlinear kernel functions in the heat transport law have also been reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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40. Heterojunction interface engineering for stable and effective porous Fe3O4-ZnO nanocomposites: a highly efficient synergistic catalyst for oxygen evolution reaction.

Author

Shanmugapriya, S. A. T., Kumar, Anand, Mondal, Aniruddha, Afzal, Mohd, and Mondal, Sudip

Abstract

The development of renewable energy technologies, such as fuel cells and metal-air batteries, relies heavily on the availability of highly efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this study, a mesoporous Fe3O4-ZnO nanocomposites was synthesized using a simple and economically viable approach at a relatively low temperature. The observed catalytic activity of the prepared Fe3O4-ZnO nanocomposites mesoporous nanostructure was found to be remarkable. Additionally, the nanostructure exhibited a high tolerance to methanol and demonstrated durability towards oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media. In the course of the experiment, it was observed that the catalyst exhibited noteworthy activity in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) when compared to the commercially available RuO2 catalyst. This was evident through a more negative onset potential and higher current. The catalyst's notable capacity for high oxygen reaction activity may potentially enhance the synergistic effect resulting from the combination of defect sites and the porous structure of Fe3O4-ZnO nanocomposites. The findings of this study indicate that the Fe3O4-ZnO nanocomposites exhibit promising attributes as an electrocatalyst with overpotential and Tafel slope value of 350 mV and 62 mVdec−1 for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in real-world scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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44. List of contributors

Author

Abdala, Ahmed, primary, Abhishek, Nalluri, additional, Antezana, Pablo E., additional, Anwar, Mian Nabeel, additional, Bhardwaj, Preetam, additional, Bhusari, Ganesh S., additional, Chahande, Ragini, additional, Chahande, Shalini, additional, Chakravorty, Arghya, additional, Chaudhary, Ratiram G., additional, Chaudhary, Rupali Ramesh, additional, Chouke, Prashant B., additional, Dadure, Kanhaiya M., additional, Desimone, Martin F., additional, Devthade, Vidyasagar, additional, Dutta, Barun K., additional, Gaikwad, Gayatri, additional, Gangadhar, Lekshmi, additional, Garg, Amar P., additional, Haldar, Animeshchandra G.M., additional, Hou, Tianyu, additional, Ingale, Prashant P., additional, Jachak, Rashmi, additional, Jean-Paul, Lellouche, additional, Jiwan Chahande, Shalini, additional, Jotania, Rajshree B., additional, Khagar, Prerna, additional, Kombe, Suraj V., additional, Kumari, Simpal, additional, Lambat, Trimurti L., additional, Li, Zhi Feng, additional, Mahakhode, Rupali, additional, Mahapatra, Debarshi Kar, additional, Maldhure, Atul, additional, Masram, Dhanraj T., additional, Mekapogu, Madakka, additional, Mondal, Aniruddha, additional, Mondal, Sudip, additional, Municoy, Sofia, additional, Nagendra, Pentakota Surya, additional, Nagmote, Manjiri S., additional, Pantawane, Pallavi, additional, Potbhare, Ajay K., additional, Prakash Arul Jose, J., additional, Prasad, V.V.S., additional, Pratap, Umesh, additional, Rai, Alok R., additional, Reddy, Kesavan Bhaskar, additional, Sana, Siva Sankar, additional, Sawant, Ratnnadeep C., additional, Shrirame, Trupti S., additional, Singh, A.K., additional, Singh, Dipti, additional, Singh, N.B., additional, Singh, N.P., additional, Singh, Raghvendra Pratap, additional, Somkuwar, Subhash Rupchand, additional, Thaware, Jayshree, additional, Umekar, Mayuri S., additional, Venkatesh, Maduthuri, additional, Wankhade, Atul, additional, Yerpude, Sachin T., additional, Younus, Laith A., additional, and Zodape, Sangesh, additional

Published
2022
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