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Objective. To assess the impact of zinc supplementation on diarrheal morbidity and growth pattern of low birth weight (LBW) infants. Methodology. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, community-based study conducted in the Tiljala slum of eastern Kolkata, India, between 1999 and 2001, a birth cohort of 100 LBW infants was randomly allocated into either an intervention group receiving 1 mL daily dose of 5 mg of elemental zinc as zinc sulfate in vitamin B complex-based syrup or a placebo group receiving an identical placebo of 1 mL of vitamin-based syrup from birth up to 1 completed year of age. Active weekly surveillance was conducted for detection of diarrhea. Anthropometric measurements of each child were recorded once every month as close to the child's birth date as possible. Data were analyzed by using statistical software packages SPSSPC+ 4.0 (SPSS, Inc, Chicago, IL) and Epi Info 6.0 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA). Results. Among the zinc-supplemented group, diarrheal incidence of 1.36 episodes per child per year were observed, whereas it was 1.93 episodes per child per year among the placebo group, giving a relative risk of 1.4 (95% confidence interval: 1.02-2.00). Linear growth and weight for age showed significant differences between the supplemented and placebo groups only at the end of 1 year. Interestingly, the impact of zinc supplementation was masked to a large extent by the protective action of breastfeeding. Conclusions. The study showed that zinc supplementation had a beneficial impact on the incidence of diarrhea and also weight gain among LBW infants. Pediatrics 2003;112:1327-1332; low birth weight, zinc supplementation, diarrhea, nutrition, breastfeeding., The role of zinc in human nutrition is being increasingly highlighted after recent advances in biomedical research. Zinc as a micronutrient contributes greatly to healthy growth and development, especially of [...]

The synthesis of the glycosides methyl-2,6-dimethoxy-beta-D-galactopyranoside, methyl-4,6-dimethoxy-alpha-D-mannopyranoside, and methyl-5-methoxy-beta-D-ribofuranoside is described. The reaction of these glycosides with VO(L-Asal)(OMe)(OHMe) in dichloromethane results in esters of the type VO[beta-D-HMe(sub 3)MP](OHMe), and VO[beta-D-HMe(sub 2)RF](L-Asal) as dark-colored solids. The X-ray structures of two representative esters are determined, confirming the induction of chiral specificity at the metal site by ligands.

The one-electron electroreduction of V2O3(L-Asal)2 in dichloromethane yields Et4N(V2O3(L-Asal)2). (L-Asal)2 is the deprotonated salicylaldimine of L-alanine, L-valine or L-phenylalanine. The metal atoms have a distorted square pyramidal geometry. The relative orientation of the two terminal V=O groups is intermediate between cis and trans. The unpaired electron is delocalized and thus the metal valence is over both metal atoms. The complex crystallizes in an orthorhombic space group.

A new catalyst is designed based on the multiple kinetic parameters and the Mulliken charge at iron to deliver superior performance. Deployment for large-scale water treatment has led to unacceptable buildup of environmentally mobile, persistent fluorinated degradation fragments with unknown environmental implications.

The effect of sterically encumbering ligands on the electronic structure of three para-substituted oxomolybdenum tetrathiolate complexes was determined using spectroscopy techniques. The spectra show that the observed reduction potential differences in these complexes are not a result of changes in the electronic structure of the [MoOS(sub 4)](super -) site.