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Identifying trends in research through co-citation or content analysis of journal contents is quite a common practice in LIS research. In this study, however, we proposed the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), a popular topic-modeling approach for identifying research trends of published articles in three scopus-indexed Indian LIS journals. A total of 1213 titles & their abstracts published between 2011 and 2022 have been considered. From these data, a corpus of frequently used 15 key phrases was identified from each journal using Count Vectorizer and then ten topics having higher coherence scores were extracted from each journal corpus using LDA techniques to understand to what extent these topics are different in these journals. The analysis of the study indicates that 'Library users' studies' especially in academic libraries; and 'bibliometric indicators for measuring research growth are a few common topics in these journals and, technological innovation; utilisation of electronic and print information resources; library management; or network analysis are some of the topics that are journal specific. From the t-SNE visualisation and pyLDAvis diagram, it was seen that the topics of DJLIT are significantly unique with discrete distributions than the other two journals. On analysing the growth of the top ten topics longitudinally, it was seen that research on digital libraries, analysing the global output, online search strategy, ranking universities, etc. are concurrent interests of research among researchers while academic library resources, including electronic resources and its use, open access are among diminishing research interests of authors. Since the topic-modeling approach can provide results devoid of bias, it can be used to identify research land scape longitudinally as well as obsolescence of topic in a domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the research fronts by analysing highly cited core papers adjusted with the age of a paper in library and information science (LIS) where natural language processing (NLP) is being applied significantly. Design/methodology/approach: By excavating international databases, 3,087 core papers that received at least 5% of the total citations have been identified. By calculating the average mean years of these core papers, and total citations received, a CPT (citation/publication/time) value was calculated in all 20 fronts to understand how a front is relatively receiving greater attention among peers within a course of time. One theme article has been finally identified from each of these 20 fronts. Findings: Bidirectional encoder representations from transformers with CPT value 1.608 followed by sentiment analysis with CPT 1.292 received highest attention in NLP research. Columbia University New York, in terms of University, Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, in terms of journals, USA followed by People Republic of China, in terms of country and Xu, H., University of Texas, in terms of author are the top in these fronts. It is identified that the NLP applications boost the performance of digital libraries and automated library systems in the digital environment. Practical implications: Any research fronts that are identified in the findings of this paper may be used as a base for researchers who intended to perform extensive research on NLP. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, the methodology adopted in this paper is the first of its kind where meta-analysis approach has been used for understanding the research fronts in sub field like NLP for a broad domain like LIS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keyword extraction is the task of identifying important terms or phrase that are most representative of the source document. Although the process of automatic extraction of keywords from title is an old method, it was mainly for extraction from a single web document. Our approach differs from previous research works on keyword extraction in several aspects. For those who are non-expert of the scientific fields, understating scientific research trends is difficult. The purpose of this study is to develop an automatic method of obtaining overviews of a scientific field for non-experts by capturing research trends. This empirical study excavates significant term extraction using Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools. More than 15000 titles saved in a .csv file was our dataset and scripts written in Python were our process to compare how far significant terms of scientific title corpus are similar or different to the terms available in the abstract of that same scientific article corpus. A light-weight unsupervised title extractor, Yet Another Keyword Extractor (YAKE) was used to extract the results. Based on our analysis, it can be concluded that these algorithms can be used for other fields too by the non-experts of that subject field to perform automatic extraction of significant words and understanding trends. Our algorithm could be a solution to reduce the labour-intensive manual indexing process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to connect the perceptions and understanding of the collaboration of faculty members of NIRF ranked top-performing engineering institutes with the publication they have. The quantitative bibliometric analysis along with the enquiry with authors show that national collaboration, mainly with academic authors of same or other institution, still is a preferred. Despite international collaboration leading to more average citations, there is no significant gain seen. Scholars collaborate for many reasons, but mostly to gain popularity among peers or to receive citation benefits. Collaboration with private or government organizations, although uncommon, is primarily used to test newly developed ideas or to provide consultancy. Most of the respondents believe that funding is important for research collaborations and low commitment of team members to the shared goal is a major barrier in collaboration. We argue that as the share of University-Industry-Government research collaborations is low, a strong congruence between knowledge capital and entrepreneurial capital is needed to develop an entrepreneurial university. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study explores the patenting activities of the faculty staff of the top 20 Indian academic and engineering institutes during 2011-2020 by excavating the Indian patent office database. Of the total 963 granted patents, the highest patents were published in 2016, and the academician of IIT Madras invented 167 patents followed by IIT Mumbai with 156 patents during this period. Most of the innovation takes place in the macro-field like chemical engineering, and micro-fields like nano-technology, nano-materials, and nano-complex. Collaboration with inventors of the same academic institution is found as the best choice of the inventors, only a meagre portion of patents was published in collaboration with of industries and organisations around the globe. The tag ‘highest number of patents inventor’ goes to Padma Shri Prof. Thalappil Pradeep of IIT Madras who has contributed 19 Indian patents in the last 10 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the contributions of women scientists currently working in various research organizations under the Ministry of Science and Technology, India. Women scientists were identified through the official websites of the research laboratories and their publication performance has been tracked using the Scopus database. There are 901 women scientists working in 78 research organizations under the Ministry and have published 21810 publications up to December 2019, almost 65 percent of which has been appeared during 2010 to 2019. The publication per scientist has risen from 6.85 article per year before 2000 to 10.45 paper in 2015-2019 which indicates increasing participation of women in science from India. Women scientists are primarily engaged in biological sciencesresearch, however fields such as materials sciences, nano-technology, and astrophysics are also becoming the preferred subject choices among women. Women scientists mostly published their articles as a member of a team of utmost 10 authors, however, their position in multi-authored articles is mostly as co-authors than that of principal authors. Women in the age group of between 31 to 40 produced maximum publications, and almost 98 percent of publications appeared in collaboration with other scientists. This study confirms that publication productivity does not decline with age. There are women scientists who stay active in research and keep their productivity at a high level until their retirement. The study suggests that the increasing participation of women in Indian science is encouraging, as such more funding opportunities to younger women researchers may be important to give them more lead time to build a strong career. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study employs bibliometric methods to examine the pattern of existing collaboration in India's top three ranked academic institutes using publications indexed in the Web of Science for the period 2000 to 2020. The results show although the number of collaborations and the degree of collaboration have increased over time, however, the collaboration coefficient remains almost the same in the three institutes. The lesser negative Pearson correlation between authors and articles with a higher positive Pearson correlation between articles and citations for JNU publications suggests that collaboration with a smaller group is more successful than a larger group for gaining citations. Collaborative publications of Banaras Hindu University (36%) and Indian Institute of Science (33%) are more inclined towards authors of the same department, while for Jawaharlal Nehru University, it is with other authors from different universities (41%). The foreign collaboration for all three institutes is almost the same. The network visualization of collaboration in three institutes suggests that the collaborative research in IISc is more diverse than JNU or BHU and in national collaboration, distance between two national organizations also play an important role for strong collaboration. Overall, theoretical aspects of physics lead in collaborative publications followed by chemical sciences. Agricultural biotechnology, clinical medicine, polymer sciences and nanoscience are some emerging disciplines where organizations are increasing their participation through collaborative research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the effect of scientific position, service tenure, and age of women scientists of various research laboratories of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India on the research productivity. Drawing on a sample of 902 women scientists of various research laboratories, with their 22,617 publications extracted from Web of Science & Scopus databases, the results show that CSIR scientists have more women per laboratory, DST women scientists have more publication per scientists and DBT women scientists received more citations. The majority of the publications were published by scientists who have post-doctoral or doctorate degrees and most of the papers were published by the women scientists between age 31 and 40. However, per scientist publication reveals that there is a continuous increase of publication with the increase of service and physical age. Therefore, better funding opportunities for young researchers and retaining experienced women scientists for more years may be important to increase women's participation in science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study is an attempt to show the variations in search results retrieved for Indic women names in the Web of Science database. A sample of almost 50 women names was identified from official websites of scientific organizations of India. The names were explored through the 'Basic' as well as 'Author' Search field of Web of Science. The results show a wide variation in search results for Author search and Basic search. Several cases were observed where two author records on the same name and affiliation with a different set of publications came in search results. The study suggests that for getting accurate results searching through hyperlinked author names available in the bibliographic details of an author's publication led to best results. The study further suggests that while submitting publication, journals may ask the authors to input primary element, secondary element, and auxiliary-element of author's names instead of surname/last name and first name/given-name/forename. Additional Tab asking how the author would like to render his/her name in the article may be added to the journal submission page so that indexing databases can correctly capture records. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During high altitude long haul flights pilots, cabin crew and passengers are exposed to enhanced level of radiation originating from cosmic ray showers (CRS), produced via the interaction of very high-energy (~GeV) primary protons with the air molecules in Earth's atmosphere. The CRS are composed of energetic particles of diverse species, i.e. neutrons, protons, electrons, muons, pions and photons. Furthermore, the magnitude of aircrew radiation exposure depends on flight altitude and duration, geographical location (latitude), geomagnetic conditions and solar activity (modulation) status. In 1990 the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) classified airline crewmembers as "radiation workers". A miniature passive microdosimeter (LiBe-14) based on LiF (TLD700) and Beryllium Oxide (BeO) thermoluminescence dosimeter chips emulating a large volume gas-filled Tissue Equivalent Proportional Counter (TEPC) was developed by one of the authors (BM). The LiBe-14 was deployed to assess the integrated ambient dose equivalent of two commercial pilots on long haul intercontinental flights during March–May 2017. The accumulated dose equivalents of 1st (38 y, Female, 148 total block hours) and 2nd (29 y, Male, 149 total block hours) pilots were evaluated to be 565 μSv ± 105 μSv and 738 μSv ± 137 μSv, respectively. The results agreed well within ±20% of simulated data evaluated using the well-known EPCARD (E uropean P rogram Package for the C alculation of A viation R oute D oses) aviation dosimetry code. The implementation of LiBe-14 Microdosimeter in routine long haul, high-altitude commercial flights for the estimation of dose equivalent, average LET and quality factor relevant to impinging cosmic radiation is recommended. • Microdosimeter (LiBe) based on LiF and BeO TLD. • Polystyrene phantom bombarded with 81- 231 MeV protons. • TLD cross calibration using a gas-filled TEPC. • Dose Equivalent, Average LET, Quality Factor. • LiBe-Microdosimeter used in aircrew dosimetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper highlights the quantitative performance of scholarly LIS research in Asian countries based on articles published during 2001-2007 in journals indexed by the Social Science Citation Index of Web of Knowledge. The quantitative performance of Asian countries has been judged and compared on the basis of various quantitative indicators: (a) size of scientific activity measured by volume of production in various types of publications during the period of study, (b) authorship pattern and collaboration of scientific activity measured by co-authorship and the amount of national and international collaboration, (c) the pattern of citations measured by counting the cited and citing references of published articles, and (d) a newly developed metrics-research performance. The results show that during the last seven years, the publication rate has increased twofold and, among the Asian countries, the authors of the People's Republic of China contributed the greatest number of articles, followed by Taiwan and South Korea. There is also an increasing trend toward collaborative research among Asian authors, with most of the collaboration occurring either among authors from the same country or with authors of non-Asian origin. The research performance analysis indicates that articles written by authors from South Korea received the highest number of citations, followed by Taiwan. Although the quantity of articles published by authors of Taiwan and South Korea is higher than Singapore and Israel, the articles contributed by authors from these latter two blocks appear in higher-impact journals. These findings show the increasing contribution made by Asian scholars to the international LIS literature, and the quality of that research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electronic information resources are increasingly become an important component of the collection-building activities of libraries. This paper attempts to understand how far the licenses of commercial publishers support resource optimisation in general and what other important issues that are usually ignored by publishers, knowingly or unknowingly, but are essential for better resource optimisation. Five international publishers namely Elsevier, EBSCO, Sage, Springer, and Taylor & Francis were identified and analysed their agreements that are available in public domain with some model agreements like Liblicense model and model license developed by John Cox Associate. Study indicates that core part of the negotiations still remain price, IP access, display, ILL/document supply, etc. while important issues like perpetual access, archiving, self-archiving, copy of individual articles and share the same for non-commercial use by authorised users were minor issues of the contract. Furthermore, most of the obligations of the publishers that are identified as core issues in Liblicense model are also absent in commercial publishers' license. A greater awareness of this to library managers is essential. They must be acquainted with the clause of the license agreement of commercial publishers and must negotiate to that extent so that the access should be uninterrupted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Qualitative scientific journals play a vital role in scholarly communication processes. However, during the last few years, there is a mushroom growth of journals in every discipline in India. There has been no single source of systematic advice on how to measure the scientific value of Indian journals. The present study is an attempt to minimize the gap by developing a mechanism for measuring scientific value of Indian journals. Consulting various international databases and their journal inclusion policy, a viable mechanism has been devised and tested with 100+ Indian journals in the fields of physics, chemistry and biology. The results indicate that although the quantity of yearly additions of new journals in each of the three disciplines is quite impressive, the yearly discontinuation is also alarming. Almost 29% of physics journals, 11% of chemistry journals and 21% of biology journals were stopped within a year. Although irregularity in publication, improper execution of review process, non-disclosure of article processing charges, lower percentage of foreign contributors and low citation rate were identified as some drawbacks with Indian physics, chemistry and biology journals. The percentage of predatory journals in these three disciplines is quite less till date. In order to choose a better platform of scholarly publishing, this study suggests some recommendations for prospective authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 7.5 years girl presented with myoclonic jerks with prolonged duration coming progressively at shorter intervals for last six moinths. There was declining academic performances. The dystonic, dyskinetic movements and ataxia were there for last three months. The stages were progressing too rapidly. IgG antibody titre to measles virus was found to be positive with EEG changes which confirms diagnosis. SSPE at so early age with atypical presentation is unique in this indexed case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports the near space ballooning experiment carried out at Australian outback town West Wyalong (33°51′S, 147°24′E) on 19 July 2015. Several dedicated electronic detectors including digital temperature and acceleration (vibration) sensors and an energy compensated PIN-diode gamma ray dosimeter were installed in a thermally insulated Styrofoam payload box. A 9 V Lithium-Polymer battery powered all the devices. The payload box was attached to a helium-filled latex weather balloon and set afloat. The balloon reached a peak burst altitude of 30 km and then soft-landed aided by a self-deploying parachute 66.2 km away form the launch site. The payload box was retrieved and data collected from the electronic sensors analysed. The integrated cosmic ray induced photon ambient dose equivalent recorded by the PIN diode detector was evaluated to be 0.36 ± 0.05 μSv. Furthermore, a high-altitude extended version of commercially available aviation dosimetry package EPCARD.Net ( E uropean P rogram package for the C alculation of A viation R oute D oses) was used to calculate the ambient dose equivalents during the balloon flight. The radiation environment originated from the secondary cosmic ray shower is composed of neutrons, protons, electrons, muons, pions and photons. The photon ambient dose equivalent estimated by the EPCARD.Net code found to be 0.47 ± 0.09 μSv. The important aspects of balloon based near-space radiation dosimetry are highlighted in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To develop an alpha dosimetry technique for activity calibration of alpha-emitting radiopharmaceuticals using the Gafchromic EBT3 (Gaf-EBT3) radio chromic film (International Speciality product, Wayne, NJ). Methods: The Gaf-EBT3 has a tissue equivalent radiosensitive layer (approximately 28p,m) sandwiched between two 100-μm thick polyester sheaths, thereby making it insensitive to alpha particles. We have split a Gaf-EBT3 sheet using a surgical scalpel to remove one of the polyester protective layers and covered the radiosensitive layer with thin Mylar* foil (Goodfellow Cambridge Limited, Huntingdon, UK) (2.5μm). Small pieces of modified film were exposed at contact with a 560-Bq thin 241Am source for 5, 10, 24 and 94 h. The optical density of the films was evaluated using an optical densitometer. The alpha energy spectra of the 241Am source were recorded using a Si(Li) surface barrier detector. Results: Time-integrated specific alpha surface activity ( kBq cm-2h) was represented as a function of optical density. Conclusion: By removing one of the 100 μm thick polyester protective layers, the authors have modified the Gaf- EBT3 film to a sensitive alpha dosemeter. The calibration function relevant to a 241,Am reference source was evaluated from the optical densities of the dosemeter foils. Furthermore, calibration functions for important alpha emitters such as 223Ra, 225Ac or 210Bi were parameterized from the 241Am reference data. Advances in knowledge: The authors have developed and tested the principle of a clinical alpha dosemeter using Gaf-EBT3 radiochromic films originally developed for photon dosimetry. This novel, user-friendly technique could be implemented in quality assurance and calibration procedures of important alpha-emitting radiopharmaceuticals prior to their clinical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Chhattisgarh State was formed in 2001 carved out from the then Madhya Pradesh. Ever since its establishment as a fully fledged state, a considerable number of academic institutions have sprungup. To promote education a Indian Institute of Management (IIM) and All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) have been established along with universities and colleges. As libraries are heart of any institution, present study attempts to analyse the status of libraries in various academic institutions of Chhattisgarh with emphasis on status of automation and ICT applications and use. Survey method was followed to collect the data and six libraries were selected for detailed analysis. There are one central university, one state university, one special university, one open university, along with NIT and IIM. The results indicate that all libraries are discharging their services with functional library buildings. However, their collection is uneven and staff strength is less. Most of the libraries are yet to develop any collection development policies and still collection of non-book materials is very less. Although most of the libraries have implemented automation either by using Libsys or SOUL, staff of the libraries have required skill to handle various bugs in using software. Digitisation of collection is not well adopted in most of the libraries.To excel in services, staff training and staff appointment seem to be urgent need of these libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ratio of thermoluminescence light outputs (TLO) of Beryllium Oxide (BeO) and Lithium Fluoride (LiF) dosimeters increases with increasing LET (Linear Energy Transfer) of the impinging particles on the dosimeter chips. This unique phenomenon was utilized to develop a microdosimeter using the common LiF (TLD-700) and BeO (American Beryllia-CF5427-000) dosimeter chips. The dosimeter pairs were exposed to complex mixed radiation fields produced by bombarding a polystyrene plate phantom with therapeutic proton beams of energies from 81 to 231 MeV at the West German Proton Therapy Centre Essen (WPE), Germany. The linear energy transfer (LET) and quality factor ( Q ) of the secondary radiation fields were simultaneously estimated using a REM 500B tissue equivalent proportional counter (TEPC). The TLD chips were evaluated and the corresponding LET and Q values were plotted as linear functions of the ratio of the TL-glow curve areas within 100–250 °C of TLD-700 and BeO chips. The TLD pairs embody a passive, solid-state, tissue-equivalent, microdosimeter that enable the delivery of dose equivalent (DE), dose-average LET and Q within a broad dynamic range for a given mixed-radiation field relevant to particle therapy, long haul aviation dose monitoring and human space exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper identifies the present status of journal publishing in India in the field of library & information science. Identification of journals were made by consulting various sources. The characteristics of the journals have been studied on various parameters like number of years of existence, type of publisher, accessibility, references and citation characteristics, etc. Of the total 72 identified journals, it was observed that almost 70% journals started their publication from 2000 onwards. About 81% journals are available on subscription basis. Print as well as online format for dissemination of research have been adopted by 59% journals, however, 30% journals are still available only in print form. It is seen that private or profit-making (59%) organizations are more interested to publish LIS journals than non-profit making organizations (41%). One of the major drawbacks of Indian LIS journals is there poor visibility and limited coverage in various bibliographical databases. More than 54% journals are not indexed in any important bibliographic database and only 6 journals are indexed in LISA, LISTA or ILSA. The citation statistics of these journals are not satisfactory as 42 journals did not receive any citations for their articles published during 2011-2013. At the end, the study suggests a few measures for improving the quality of journal in LIS domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper was to identify the existing criteria of various conventional databases that are considered in evaluating journals in the scholarship of library & information science (LIS) journals and accordingly developed a tool box to evaluate some selected journals of LIS in South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries. Journals have been evaluated by applying 30 criteria based on the current measures used by Thompson Reuter, SCOPUS, SciELO, LISA, LISTA, etc. The result indicates that although there are a considerable number of journals being published in India since long time, only a few journals are qualitatively strong. The review policy as mentioned in documentation, subject coverage can be considered as their strength, the geographic non-diversity of members in Editorial Board, contributors are their weakness. Most of journals are indexed in LISA and LISTA, however no journals are yet to include in JCR. Overall, to cope-up with international standard journals need to consider their publication policy thoroughly. The findings of the study seems to be useful for (a) academics - to know the list of journals which adhere to the quality requirements of LIS discipline; (b) librarians - to know the core LIS journals of SAARC countries in LIS discipline for their clients; (c) policy makers - to measure the weightage of publication, while evaluating performance for career and promotion, to evaluate individual research performance, while releasing grants for academic projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to conduct a unified investigation of various, previously mostly individually studied scientific article title characteristics, like: title length, type, amusement and pleasantness, and specific title ‘markers’ (e.g. colons, attention-grabbing words etc.) in relation to subsequent article citation and download rates. Based on a sample of 129 psychology ScienceDirect’s Top 25 Hottest Articles (i.e. highly downloaded articles) and 129 articles not appearing on the Top 25 list (i.e. less downloaded articles), we determined that the most relevant title characteristics were the title length and the title amusement/humour. The partial least squares model revealed that shorter titles were associated with more citations, but the effect was fully mediated by the journal impact, suggesting that the observed citational benefits of the shorter titles might be an artefact of some higher journal impact related attribute (perhaps editorial or peer review process). Title amusement level was slightly correlated with downloads, but with no association with citations. Additionally, downloads correlated positively with citations, and more amusing titles tended to be shorter. While these findings are limited to the psychology discipline only, our results suggest that the integrative structural approach is promising and that more research following this paradigm is needed before empirically grounded recommendations for good title writing can be given. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper examines the characteristics of 462 open access (OA) journals being published in India under the green, gold and hybrid models. The sample of journals was selected from DOAJ, IndianJournal.com and Open J-Gate. Journal characteristics were measured in terms of growth, subjects, publishers, and citations under each model. While characteristics such as growth, subject, and publisher have been identified by exploring the journal's website only, the citation count of these journals has been calculated by using Google Scholar and the Indian Citation Index. The gold road is now the most popular form of OA publishing in the subcontinent. There is a great variation in the size of OA journals and in their publishers. One publisher has more than 77 journals, but 264 publishers publish a single journal only. Overall, the OA journal landscape is greatly influenced by a few key publishers and journals. While 43% of journals charge publication fees and the fees vary from as low as US$10 to as high as US$400, the highest impact factor of the gold OA journals has been noted as 0.58. The data presented here suggest that publication fees are not a major barrier to authorship within the fields of computer science, pharmacy, and medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a powerpoint presentation containing charts, graphs, and tables showing fuel economy benefits from low viscosity lubricants.

The paper presents the bibliometric characteristics including authorship pattern, citations received and relative performance of Prof. Lalji Singh an eminent Indian scientist in the field of genome analysis, DNA finger printing, etc. The study is based on the publication data indexed in Web of Science and Scopus. Results show that 222 unique articles have been indexed in the two databases with an average of 7-8 articles per year. Of the 222 articles only 18 articles appeared in Indian journals. Most of the articles were published when he served at Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad during 1987-2011. Authorship pattern of Prof. Singh indicates that he is serving as a leader of his research term and K Thangaraj is the fellow scientist with whom he wrote most. Almost all his articles appear in high-impact journals. The h-index of Prof. Singh is 30 in both the databases. He has received fellowships of all major national science academies as also third world academy. The study concludes with a remark that Prof. Singh can be a 'role model' for younger research to follow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to examine librarians' perceptions of knowledge management, including its concept, potential applications, benefits and major challenges of its applications in Indian academic libraries. A structured questionnaire, containing both open and close-ended questions, was sent by postal mail to 30 librarians of academic libraries in India of which 15 questionnaires were returned. Respondents were asked to define knowledge management and answer questions on its potential applications, benefits and major challenges of implementation in academic libraries. Respondents were also allowed to specify their own views on the subject. The findings of the study show that the levels of understanding of KM concepts among librarians are varied and most of them view KM as the management of information resources, services and systems using technology or specific processes for the capture and use of explicit knowledge, rather sharing and using tacit knowledge. They have positive attitudes towards the applications of knowledge management into academic library practice, and not only because this can bring academic libraries closer to their parent organization, but also because it may help them to survive in an increasingly challenging environment. Although, librarians in the present study acknowledged that they are involved in the practices of knowledge management but these were perceived as basic information management activities. Lack of understanding of knowledge management concepts and its benefits, knowledge sharing culture, top management commitment, incentives and rewards, financial resources and information technology infrastructure are perceived as the major barriers for incorporating knowledge management into academic library practice. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Photon radiation induced decolourisation of radiochromic film changes its optical density. The photon dose is thereby evaluated as a function of optical density. The detection limit of common radiochromic films lies between 1 cGy and 20 Gy. This paper describes a novel evaluation method of radiochromic films using cosine-distance analysis of the RGB-colour vectors instead of conventional optical density measurements using a scanner in transmission mode. This allows extending the detection limit to excess of 40 Gy. • Gaf-EBT3 radiochromic films exposed to photons from 6 MV linac. • RGB colour histogram constructed using ImageJ program. • Cosine-distance (CD) calculated using RGB colour vectors. • Photon doses presented as a function of CD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses a study aimed at evaluating the use of open access publishing by researchers and scholars in science and technology fields in India. Topics include the difficulties faced by researchers in India concerning the visibility and circulation of their published materials, the importance of the open access movement in science and technology fields due to the serial subscriptions crisis facing libraries throughout the world, and the importance of improved information and communication technology (ICT) facilities in supporting the open access publishing movement.

The article discusses the status of institutional repositories (IRs) in Asia, with information on the effect of information communication technologies (ICT) on academic publishing. Topics include the efforts to launch an Open Access (OA) model that utilizes the Internet to broaden access to information resources and publications, the definition of IRs as a platform through which the research output of a specific university or research organization is available, and the growth and distribution of IRs throughout Asian countries based upon survey results.

Open access publishing is growing in importance, and, in parallel, the role of institutional archives has come to the forefront of discussion within the library community. The present study is an attempt to analyse the present trend of institutional archives worldwide. The factual data of each individual repository was collected from various Directories of Institutional Repositories by using survey method. Data was analysed in terms of quantity of institutional archives increased during last six years, country-wise contents of institutional archives, types of materials archived, subject coverage, software used, language of interface of institutional archives, host domains, and policy of institutional archives. The results of the study suggest healthy growth in terms of quantity of institutional archives' increase worldwide, however, the development is more prevalent in developed countries than developing countries. The subject analysis of the institutional archives indicates that the contributors in the field of health and medicine are more interested to submit their materials in repositories. Currently the institutional archives mostly house traditional (print-oriented) scholarly publications and grey literature, using DSpace software and most of these materials were of English language. However, the policy of content inclusion, submission and preservation is yet to be well defined in institutional archives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the nature and history of scholarly communication. The origins of scholarly communication are discussed, mentioning that the earliest signs of scholarly communication existed in the civilization of the ancient Greeks. The development of the concept of scholarly communication is described, noting that it has traditionally been a product of universities. The need for scholarly communication to spread is also noted, discussing the importance of knowledge generated as a result of research for knowledge-based societies and the ability for the Internet to allow the sharing of information.

The article presents a study that determines the importance of scholarly communications (SCs) in literature. It provides an overview of the definition and different means of SC, which describes the processed involved in a research and how they were communicated and evaluated among peers. It also mentions the significant transformation of SCs from print to electronic journals, as well as the evolution of their publications.

Using 17 open-access journals published without interruption between 2000 and 2004 in the field of library and information science, this study compares the pattern of cited/citing hyperlinked references of Web-based scholarly electronic articles under various citation ranges in terms of language, file format, source and top-level domain. While the patterns of cited references were manually examined by counting the live hyperlinked-cited references, the patterns of citing references were examined by using the cited by tag in Google Scholar. The analysis indicates that although language, top-level domain, and file format of citations did not differ significantly for articles under different citation ranges, sources of citation differed significantly for articles in different citation ranges. Articles with fewer citations mostly cite less-scholarly sources such as Web pages, whereas articles with a higher number of citations mostly cite scholarly sources such as journal articles, etc. The findings suggest that 8 out of 17 OA journals in LIS have significant research impact in the scholarly communication process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Using 17 fully open-access journals published uninterruptedly during 2000 to 2004 in the field of library and information science, the present study investigates the impact of these open-access journals in terms of quantity of articles published, subject distribution of the articles, synchronous and diachronous impact factor, immediacy index, and journals' and authors' self-citation. The results indicate that during this 5-year publication period, there are as many as 1,636 articles published by these journals. At the same time, the articles have received a total of 8,591 Web citations during a 7-year citation period. Eight of 17 journals have received more than 100 citations. First Monday received the highest number of citations; however, the average number of citations per article was the highest in D-Lib Magazine. The value of the synchronous impact factor varies from 0.6989 to 1.0014 during 2002 to 2005, and the diachronous impact factor varies from 1.472 to 2.487 during 2000 to 2004. The range of the immediacy index varies between 0.0714 and 1.395. D-Lib Magazine has an immediacy index value above 0.5 in all the years whereas the immediacy index value varies from year to year for the other journals. When the citations of sample articles were analyzed according to source, it was found that 40.32% of the citations came from full-text articles, followed by 33.35% from journal articles. The percentage of journals' self-citation was only 6.04%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents the publications output of the four most productive Indian academic institutions in the mainstream scientific literature for the eight-year-period 2000-2007. This paper discusses the distribution of publications by institution, type of publication, pattern of co-authorship, and citations. The results show that among the four universities, the authors of Delhi University contributed the highest number of articles, followed by Banaras Hindu University. There is also an increasing trend of collaborative research among Indian authors as well as more frequent collaboration with international authors. Biochemistry and molecular biology is one of the most prolific research areas in these four Indian universities. The average rate of references per item is 28 and the citations received per item are 3.56. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: On 27 April 2006 a vacuum ultra violet free electron laser (FEL) named free electron laser in Hamburg (FLASH) producing intense beams of 13.1nm laser light became operational. A 260m long, 1GeV superconducting electron linear accelerator (linac) drives the FLASH. The electron linac is made of an array of superconducting niobium cavities developed at DESY on TESLA technology. During the FEL operation a parasitic radiation field of photoneutrons and bremsstrahlung gamma rays persists in the linac containment tunnel. Sophisticated measurement and control devices, based on radiation-sensitive commercial off the shelf (COTS) microelectronic components, have been installed near the FLASH linac. Therefore, it becomes necessary to characterise these stray radiations, in order to predict the radiation effects on electronics. This paper summarises the features of novel radiation dosimeters and accelerator dosimetry techniques developed by our group. The utilisation of valuable radiation dosimetry data gathered from the experiments at FLASH to predict the radiation field characteristics of the future European X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) driven by a 20GeV superconducting electron linac is highlighted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: During the beam adjustment of high energy accelerator facilities, a significant number of energetic particles impinge on the internal wall of the vacuum chamber thereby causing the production of intense parasitic radiation field, resulting in a short-term radiation exposure to personnel as well as interference in the operation of accelerator instrumentation systems usually based on sophisticated microelectronics. High-energy particle accelerators operate in pulsed mode; therefore, commercially available, general purpose radiation detectors for health physics activities are unsuitable for the assessment of such radiation field due to “pulse pile-up” effects. Hence, we have used passive neutron dosimeters, i.e. temperature compensated superheated emulsion (bubble) detectors of types BDPND and BDT, to evaluate the neutron fluence at three selected locations of the 7.6GeV proton synchrotron operated by DESY: (a) the 1.2-m thick concrete shielding roof of the experiment hall housing the proton synchrotron, (b) the 0.9-m thick shielding roof of the proton injector hut, and (c) at the lateral wall (2.5m concrete and earth shielding) of the experiment hall, facing the proton injector delivering 7.6GeV protons into the PETRA booster ring. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The bremsstrahlung energy spectrum generated by the 450MeV electron linac driving the vacuum ultra violet free electron laser FLASH (free electron laser in Hamburg) operated by DESY was measured with TLD-700 detectors and unfolded using a technique based on a genetic algorithm. The half (1/2), one-fourth (1/4) and tenth (1/10) value layer thickness of lead were estimated to be 1.0, 4.0 and 20mm, respectively. The peak and average photon energy were calculated from the unfolded bremsstrahlung spectrum and found to be 0.5 and 0.8MeV, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: We describe a novel technique for improving the sensitivity of analytical instruments based on the measurement of fluorescent intensity. Independent measurement of the Rayleigh scattered intensity component by means of a second photodetector leads to normalized data, which are independent of various experimental parameters. Incorporation of this technique into a fully automated capillary waveguide biosensor improved the instrument sensitivity by a factor of three. The technique enables quantification, as well as detection, of the hybridized target molecules. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The neutron and gamma doses are crucial to interpreting the radiation effects in microelectronic devices operating in a high-energy accelerator environment. This report highlights a method for an accurate estimation of photoneutron and the accompanying bremsstrahlung (gamma) doses produced by a 450MeV electron linear accelerator (linac) operating in pulsed mode. The principle is based on the analysis of thermoluminescence glow-curves of TLD-500 (Aluminium Oxide) and TLD-700 (Lithium Fluoride) dosimeter pairs. The gamma and fast neutron response of the TLD-500 and TLD-700 dosimeter pairs were calibrated with a 60Co (gamma) and a 241Am–Be (α, n) neutron standard-source, respectively. The Kinetic Energy Released in Materials (kerma) conversion factor for photoneutrons was evaluated by folding the neutron kerma (dose) distribution in 7LiF (the main component of the TLD-700 dosimeter) with the energy spectra of the 241Am–Be (α, n) neutrons and electron accelerator produced photoneutrons. The neutron kerma conversion factors for 241Am–Be neutrons and photoneutrons were calculated to be 2.52×10−3 and 1.37×10−3 μGy/a.u. respectively. The bremsstrahlung (gamma) dose conversion factor was evaluated to be 7.32×10−4 μGy/a.u. The above method has been successfully utilised to assess the photoneutron and bremsstrahlung doses from a 450MeV electron linac operating at DESY Research Centre in Hamburg, Germany. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A dinucleotide (T-G) repeat sequence was isolated by comparing DNA from metastatic lymph node and matched normal breast samples from a ductal mammary carcinoma patient using representational difference analysis (RDA) method. Our present study used this metastasis associated DNA sequence (MADS) as a diagnostic probe to screen five patient samples by slot blot method. A new approach to isolate single cells by microdissection, namely single cell microdissection (SCM) was developed to obtain homogeneous population of tumor cells (∼1000) from matched primary tumors and corresponding positive lymph nodes of five patients. We isolated DNA from these homogeneous tumor cells and used for the RDA and DNA slot blot experiments. The screening of patient samples showed loss of this MADS in the transition from primary to metastasis in four out of five cases (80%) suggesting its possible role in breast metastasis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Large activities of short-lived positron emitting radiopharmaceuticals are routinely manufactured by modern Medical Cyclotron facilities for positron emission tomography (PET) applications. During radiochemical processing, a substantial fraction of the volatile positron emitting radiopharmaceuticals are released into the atmosphere. An inexpensive, fast response positron detector using a simple positron-annihilation chamber has been developed for real-time assessment of the stack release of positron emitting effluents at the Australian National Medical Cyclotron. The positron detector was calibrated by using a 3.0 ml (1.50 MBq) aliquot of 18FDG and interfaced to an industrial standard datalogger for the real-time acquisition of stack release data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article discusses perspectives, attitude, and practice of lithium prescription among psychiatrists in India. Topics include Lithium remains the medication that has approved by the Food and Drug Administration for maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder; and lithium as an augmenting agent for treatment‑resistant depression, around 50% of the psychiatrists have comfortable in prescribing lithium.

We present generic conditions for phase band crossings for a class of periodically driven integrable systems represented by free fermionic models subjected to arbitrary periodic drive protocols characterized by a frequency ?D. These models provide a representation for the Ising and XY models in d=1, the Kitaev model in d=2, several kinds of superconductors, and Dirac fermions in graphene and atop topological insulator surfaces. Our results demonstrate that the presence of a critical point/region in the system Hamiltonian (which is traversed at a finite rate during the dynamics) may change the conditions for phase band crossings that occur at the critical modes. We also show that for d>1, phase band crossings leave their imprint on the equal-time off-diagonal fermionic correlation functions of these models; the Fourier transforms of such correlation functions, Fk? 0(?0), have maxima and minima at specific frequencies which can be directly related to ?D and the time at which the phase bands cross at k =k0. We discuss the significance of our results in the contexts of generic Hamiltonians with N>2 phase bands and the underlying symmetry of the driven Hamiltonian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study periodically driven closed quantum systems where two parameters of the system Hamiltonian are varied periodically in time with frequencies ω1 and ω2=rω1. We show that such drives may be used to tune towards dynamics-induced freezing where the wave function of the state of the system after a drive cycle at time T=2π/ω1 has almost perfect overlap with the initial state. We locate regions in the (ω1,r) plane where the freezing is near exact for a class of integrable models and a specific nonintegrable model. The integrable models that we study encompass Ising and XY models in d=1, Kitaev model in d=2, and Dirac fermions in graphene and atop a topological insulator surface, whereas the nonintegrable model studied involves the experimentally realized one-dimensional tilted Bose-Hubbard model in an optical lattice. In addition, we compute the relevant correlation functions of such driven systems and describe their characteristics in the region of the (ω1,r) plane where the freezing is near exact. We supplement our numerical analysis with semianalytic results for integrable driven systems within adiabatic-impulse approximation and discuss experiments which may test our theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A patient, diagnosed with schizophrenia, non-responsive to two atypical antipsychotics and partially responsive to the third (risperidone) in therapeutic dose, ultimately showed complete response without any unacceptable side-effect in a dose (20mg) that was untried previously. This case makes an important observation that high dose of risperidone can be tried in a patient with good results if his clinical condition permits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Premature luteinization (PL) is defined as a premature rise in serum progesterone concentration on or before the day of ovulation trigger with human chorionic gonadotropin. The incidence of PL varies between 5% and 30% during in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Materials and Methods: The prospective observational study comprising 380 patients undergoing IVF-ET. Blood samples were collected for serum progesterone level estimation on the day of ovulation trigger. Ovum pickup was done 36 h later and serum progesterone levels were correlated with IVF-ET outcome. Study Outcome: To correlate serum progesterone level on the day of ovulation trigger during IVF and its effect on treatment outcome. Results: Mean serum progesterone level in the positive pregnancy group and negative pregnancy group was 0.892 ± 0.752 ng/ml and 0.91 ± 0.688 ng/ml, respectively (P = 0.961). The overall incidence of PL was 12.8% with 12.7% and 13.6% in the agonist and antagonist protocol respectively (P = 0.9001). PL incidence was 13.5% and 13.4% in positive pregnancy and negative pregnancy group (P = 0.223). Conclusion: PL has been associated with 12.8% of the IVF cycles. There was no statistically significant difference observed in the incidence of PL between different IVF stimulation protocols. PL does not seem to affect IVF outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using various web analyzer tools like Google Trends, Yahoo Site Explorer, Alexa and Smart viper, the present study assesses the usability and accessibility of three popular Indian commercial websites, rediff.com, india times.com and sify.com. It was found that rediff.com is more used among the three. It was also found that for the three websites, queries related to air fare, family guy and live cricket match score were common. Users also visited these websites to know about stock market news, business news, cricket news, etc. The study finds that there are differences between website designers' assumption about popularity of a page and audiences' actual interests. The study concludes that it may be worthwhile to verify audience interest while creating web pages, which ultimately helps to gain business through advertisement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]