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Objective: To determine the risk factors for hypertension in pregnant women, which is a significant cause of maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality in Indonesia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study used secondary data from the 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Research. Pregnant women aged 15-54 years in the second and third trimesters were eligible. The history of hypertension in pregnant women was the dependent variable. The independent variables consisted of the demographic characteristics of pregnant women including pregnancy age, gestational age, education, occupation, place of residence, and region of residence. This study used multivariate logistic regression to determine the risk factors for hypertension in pregnant women in Indonesia. Results: Among 6479 respondents included in this study, 11 (7.0%) had a history of diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension compared to pregnant women who did not have a history of DM (0.1%). The dominant risk factors for hypertension in pregnant women in Indonesia include maternal age above 35 years (OR 3.67, 95% CI 2.54-5.32), third-trimester pregnancy (OR 2.40, 95% CI 1.72-3.35), primigravida (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.19-2.68), excessive consumption of salty foods (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.03-2.03), and diabetes mellitus (OR 10.20, 95% CI 3.04-32.23). Conclusions: Great efforts must be made to increase public awareness about the dangers of hypertension in pregnant women through early diagnosis and treatment, education on sodium intake, and appropriate care for pregnant women with DM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Depression is a mental health disorder. The prevalence of mental health disorders in the elderly is high. Aims: This study was to determine the mental status depression and emotional of the elderly based on their characteristics. Methods: This study was a further analysis of Basic Health Research 2018 data. The population was all households from all districts/cities in 33 provinces in Indonesia with a cross-sectional design. The sample was all elderly, with a total sample of 82,304,000 people. The respondents included young elderly (60–69 years), middle elderly (70–79 years), and old elderly (>80 years). Result: Depression is experienced by most of elderly aged 60 to 69 years as many as 3,756,384 respondents (59.72%), females as many as 3,885,191 respondents (61.77%), living in urban areas, as many as 3,147,131 respondents (50.03%), graduated from elementary school as many as 2,052,22 respondents (32.63%), not working as many as 3,535,241 respondents (56.21%), and quintile one expenditure level as many as 1,532,358 respondents (24.36%). Conclusions: Emotional disorders of depression in elderly are due to the adaptation process to physical and psychosocial changes. Family support is a must to improve elderly's quality of life on mental health aspects, especially depression. Furthermore, better treatment by medical personnel is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study examined the association between smoking and heart disease in workers with a medical history of hypertension. Methods: Data were obtained from the 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Research database. Information was collected from 80,602 respondents who met the inclusion criteria: workers between the ages of 15 and 64 years who were exposed to cigarettes and had a medical history of hypertension. Multivariate logistic regression analysis assessed the association between smoking behavior and heart disease in workers with hypertension. Results: A strong association was observed between passive smoking and heart disease. The odds of developing heart disease were significantly higher in passive smokers who were former cigarette smokers than passive smokers who never smoked a cigarette (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.85-2.41). However, the odds were lower in current smokers than in passive smokers without a history of cigarette smoking (aOR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.63-0.79). In addition, the present study found that the odds of developing heart disease increased in respondents from urban areas (aOR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.14-1.40), aged 46-64 years (aOR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.90-2.36), and from high-level economic status (aOR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.27-1.58). Conclusion: Implementing health advocacy initiatives, expanding smoking-free zones, and enhancing workplace anti-smoking policies are important for preventing and reducing the harmful effects of cigarette smoking among workers, particularly those with conditions that make them more susceptible, such as hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of belief in COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and its associated factors. Methods: Due to mobility restriction, this study was conducted cross-sectionally via online platforms. The included factors were age, gender, religious identity, marital status, education level, occupation, and living with health workers. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between belief in COVID-19 vaccine with the predictors. Results: A total of 5 397 responses were taken into analysis. The prevalence of belief in COVID-19 vaccine efficacy was 62.3%. Whereas factors associated with belief in COVID-19 vaccines were being in the age of 45-54 (aOR 1.767; 95% CI 1.219-2.562), 55-64 (aOR 1.703; 95% CI 1.219-2.562), and >64 (aOR 2.136; 95% CI 1.128-4.047), completing education until the secondary level (aOR 1.354; 95% CI 1.111-1.650), working as health practitioners (aOR 2,353; 95% CI 1.655-3.344), and living with health workers (aOR 1.278, 95% CI 1.079-1.514). All religious identities including Muslim (aOR 2.447; 95% CI 1.183-5.062), Protestant (aOR 3.615; 95% CI 1.703-7.677), Catholic (aOR 4.486; 95% CI 2.015-9.987), and Hindu (aOR 3.286; 95% CI 1.410-7.655) showed significant association with belief in COVID-19 vaccine efficacy. Conclusions: A high prevalence of belief in COVID-19 vaccine efficacy was evident. Since vaccine compliance is determined by an individual's risk-benefit perception, this study emphasizes the need of raising awareness of the benefits of COVID-19 immunization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background:The Indonesian government initiated National Health Insurance (NHI) to reduce health service barriers. The study aimed to analyze specific targets for expanding the NHI's membership in Indonesia. Methods: The study population was all populations in Indonesia. Meanwhile, the study involved a 47 644 weighted sample. The analyzed variables included NHI's membership, residence, age, gender, education, employment, marital status, and wealth. The study employed binary logistic regression in the final step. Results: The urban population was 0.608 times less likely than the rural population to become a non-member of NHI. Aging younger was one of the barriers to becoming an NHI member, and the male gender is one of the barriers to becoming an NHI member. Meanwhile, the lower the education level, the greater the obstacles to becoming an NHI member in Indonesia. Besides, the unemployed population was 1.002 more likely than the employed population to become a non-member of NHI. The result shows that never married or married have a higher chance of becoming a non-member of NHI. Finally, all wealth status categories are more likely to become barriers to the most prosperous population becoming an NHI member. Conclusions: The study concluded that 7 population characteristics become specific targets for expanding NHI membership in Indonesia. The 7 characteristics are the population who live in rural areas, are young, male, poor education, unemployed, never married or married, and poor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background:The danger of tobacco use to health has been globally known. However, its prevalence especially in developing countries including Indonesia remains high.This study aims to investigate determinants of tobacco use among adolescents and young adults in Indonesia. These age groups are essential since most regular smokers initiated to smoke at these ages. Methods: This study utilized IFLS wave 5 data. A total of 7213 responses on tobacco use from respondents age 15-24 years old were taken into analysis. Association between tobacco use with sociodemographic, religious, and ethnic identity was determined by using binary logistic regression. Results: Prevalence of tobacco use was 25.1%. The fully adjusted model showed factors that associated with tobacco use were age, sex, educational attainment, marital status, having smoking parents, and Madurese ethnicity. Conclusion:Tobacco use was prevalent among adolescents and young adults in Indonesia. Madurese was the only ethnic group associated with tobacco consumption in Indonesia. Appropriate design of interventions, therefore, is needed to target these subgroups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marital status has a special meaning for pregnant women in Indonesia. A woman who is pregnant without a husband is a disgrace. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of marital status on completeness of antenatal care (ANC) visits among childbearing age women in rural Indonesia. The research utilizes the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) data. The unit of analysis for women aged 15-49 years old in rural Indonesia. The sample size of 7,783 women. The dependent variable was ANC visits. The independent variable was marital status, education level, parity, wealth status and health insurance. Analysis using Binary Logistic Regression for the final test. The results of the analysis found that married women have 1.834 times higher probability than no spouse women to make complete ANC visits. While women living with partners found no significant differences with no spouse women. Married women have a better chance of making complete ANC visits than no spouse women and women living with partners. Other variables that also affect the completeness of ANC visits are age, parity, wealth status and health insurance. It could be concluded that marital status influences the completeness of ANC visits among childbearing age women in rural Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The illness was what the patient feels when he goes to the doctor, the disease was what he has on the way home. The illness was a patient context. The study was conducted to synthesize the concept of illness in ethnic communities in Indonesia. This research was carried out with a metaethnographic approach. A literature search was carried out for ethnographic studies in Indonesia which have been published with the help of Scopus, Google Scholar and Indonesia Publication Index, specifically for the last five years (2013-2018), with keywords: illness, disease, self-efficacy, traditional medicine, indigenous medicine, and health-seeking, we used in various combinations to identify relevant literature. The sample in this metaethnography study obtained 15 relevant research literature. The synthesis results reveal a metaphor that describes the concept of illness, that was "not being able to move as usual", and two metaphors for causing illness, are "due to supernatural or magical things", and "for violating taboos". This study concludes that the concept of illness in ethnic communities in Indonesia was different from the concept of disease in the modern medical world. The concept of illness from the perspective of ethnic communities was closely related to the pattern of health-seeking behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Health workers who should be role models for the community not to smoke and live a healthy life are still consuming cigarettes. Java and Bali (especially Java) are the biggest contributors to health worker deaths due to COVID-19 in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the association of smoking behavior and hypertension among health workers in Java and Bali. The researchers conducted this study in 2021 and designed it with a cross-sectional design. Data was collected online using the Lime Survey as a data collection tool. The data analysis used was logistic regression to determine the association of smoking and hypertension., Result: A number of 7.6% of health workers were still smoking and 10.4% were suffering from hypertension during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study shows that the proportion of health workers with hypertension is two times that of smokers (18.0%) compared to non-smokers (9.8%). Logistic regression showed that smoking has a 20% higher risk of developing hypertension (OR = 1.97; 95%CI = 1.01-1.41; p  = 0.034)., Conclusion: Among health workers on the islands of Java and Bali, there are still many who smoke, and this puts them at a higher risk of experiencing hypertension., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (© 2023 Misnaniarti, Nugraheni, Nantabah, Restuningtyas, Hartono, Rachmawati, Mubasyiroh and Kusnali.)